会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学-03
会计学原理 19版 怀尔德 复习提纲 Chapter 1~4
Accounting Equation
Assets = Liabilities + Equity Be proficient in 11 transactions from P11~13 Be proficient in 3 statements Income statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity & Balance Sheet
Accounting Байду номын сангаасrocess
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Source documents Journal Ledger Adjusting Adjusted trial balance Statements Closing
Adjusting
*Depreciation
Dr. Depreciation Expenses; Cr. Accumulated Depreciation Accumulated Depreciation is a contra account
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Principles of Accounting 19 Edition
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Chapter 2 Analyzing and Recording Transactions Chapter 3 Adjusting Accounts and Preparing Financial Statements Chatper 4 Completing the Accounting Cycle
Chapter_21 怀尔德《会计学原理》19版答案
Chapter 21Exercise 21-1 (25 minutes)1. Allocation of Indirect Expenses to Four Operating DepartmentsPersonnel ..............................22 11 8,800 Manufacturing ......................104 52 41,600 Packaging ............................. 34 17 13,600 Totals ....................................200 100% $80,000Personnel ..............................5,000 5 3,050 Manufacturing ......................45,000 45 27,450 Packaging ............................. 23,000 23 14,030 Totals ....................................100,000 100% $61,000Personnel ..............................1,200 1 167 Manufacturing ......................42,000 35 5,845 Packaging ............................. 16,800 14 2,338 Totals ....................................$120,000 100% $16,700 2. Report of Indirect Expenses Assigned to Four Operating DepartmentsMaterials ...................$16,000 $16,470 $ 8,350 $ 40,820 Personnel ..................8,800 3,050 167 $ 12,017Manufacturing ..........41,600 27,450 5,845 $ 74,895 Packaging ................. 13,600 14,030 2,338 $ 29,968 Totals ........................$80,000 $61,000 $16,700 $157,700Exercise 21-2 (30 minutes)........................Depreciation ......................56,600 2,000 MH $28.30 per machine hour Line preparation ...............46,000250 setups $184.00 per setup1. Assignment of overhead costs to the two products using ABCMachinery depreciation ......... 500 hours $ 28.30 14,150 Line preparation ..................... 40 setups $184.00 7,360 Total overhead assigned ....... $23,340Machinery depreciation ......... 1,500 hours $ 28.3042,450 Line preparation ..................... 210 setups $184.00 38,640 Total overhead assigned ....... $84,660Direct labor .................................. 12,200 23,800 Overhead (using ABC) ................ 23,340 84,660 Total cost ..................................... $54,540 $151,660 Quantity produced ...................... 10,500 ft. 14,100 ft. Average cost per foot (ABC) ....... $5.19 $10.763. The average cost of rounded edge shelves declines and the average cost of squared edge shelves increases. Under the current allocation method, the rounded edge shelving was allocated 34% of all of the overhead cost ($12,200 direct labor/$36,000 total direct labor). However, it does not use 34% of all of the overhead resources. Specifically, it uses only 25% of machine hours (500 MH/2,000 MH), and 16% of the setups (40/250). Activity based costing allocated the individual overhead components in proportion to the resources used.Exercise 21-7 (15 minutes)(1) Items included in performance reportThe following items definitely should be included in the performance report for the auto service department manager because they are controlled or strongly influ enced by the manager’s decisions and activities:•Sales of parts•Sales of services•Cost of parts sold•Supplies•Wages (hourly)(2) Items excluded from performance reportThe following items definitely should be excluded from the performance report because the department manager cannot control or strongly influence them:•Building depreciation•Income taxes allocated to the department•Interest on long-term debt•Manager’s salary(3) Items that may or may not be included in performance reportThe following items cannot be definitely included or definitely excluded from the performance report because they may or may not be completely under the manager’s control or strong influence:•Payroll taxes Some portion of this expense relates to themanager’s salary and i s not controllable by themanager. The portion that relates to hourly wagesshould be treated as a controllable expense.•Utilities Whether this expense is controllable depends on thedesign of the auto dealership. If the auto servicedepartment is in a separate building or has separateutility meters, these expenses are subject to themanager’s control. Otherwise, the expense probablyis not controllable by the manager of the auto servicedepartment.Exercise 21-9 (20 minutes)(1)Electronics ...................$750,000 $3,750,000 20% Sporting Goods ...........800,000 5,000,000 16% Comment: Its Electronics division is the superior investment center on the basis of the investment center return on assets.Exercise 21-9 (continued)(2)Net income ...................$750,000 $800,000 Target net income$3,750,000 x 12% ...... 5,000,000 x 12% .......(450,000)(600,000)Residual income……. $300,000 $200,000Comment: Its Electronics division is the superior investment center on the basis of investment center residual income.(3) The Electronics division should accept the new opportunity, since it will generate residual income of 3% (15% - 12%) of the i nvestment’s invested assets.Exercise 21-10 (15 minutes)Electronics ...................$750,000 $10,000,000 7.50% Sporting Goods ...........800,000 8,000,000 10.0%Electronics ...................$10,000,000 $3,750,000 2.67 Sporting Goods ...........8,000,000 5,000,000 1.6 Comments: Its Sporting goods division generates the most net income per dollar of sales, as shown by its higher profit margin. The Electronics division however is more efficient at generating sales from invested assets, based on its higher investment turnover.Problem 21-1A (60 minutes)Part 1Average occupancy cost = $111,800 / 10,000 sq. ft. = $11.18 per sq. ft. Occupancy costs are assigned to the two departments as followsLanya’s Dept................. 1,000 $11.18 $11,180 Jimez’s Dept................. 1,700 $11.18 $19,006**A total of $30,186 ($11,180 + $19,006) in occupancy costs is charged to these departments. The company would follow a similar approach in allocating the remaining occupancy costs ($81,614, computed as $111,800 - $30,186) to its other departments (not shown in this problem).Part 2Market rates are used to allocate occupancy costs for depreciation, interest, and taxes. Heating, lighting, and maintenance costs are allocated to the departments on both floors at the average rate per square foot. These costs are separately assigned to each class as follows:Depreciation—Building .................$ 31,500 $31,500 Interest—Building mortgage .........47,000 47,000Taxes—Building and land .............14,000 14,000Gas (heating) expense ...................4,425 $ 4,425 Lighting expense ...........................5,250 5,250 Maintenance expense .................... 9,625 ______ 9,625 Total ................................................$111,800 $92,500 $19,300Value-based costs are allocated to departments in two stepsSecond floor ...................5,000 10 50,000Total market value .........$250,000Second floor ................... 50,000 20 18,500 3.70Totals ..............................$250,000 100% $92,500Usage-based costs allocation rate = $19,300 / 10,000 sq. ft.= $1.93 per sq. ft.We can then compute total allocation rates for the floors$16.73 Second floor ........................... 3.70 1.93 $ 5.63 These rates are applied to allocate occupancy costs to departmentsLanya’s Department......................... 1,000 $16.73 $16,730 Jimez’s Department......................... 1,700 5.63 $ 9,571Part 3A second-floor manager would prefer allocation based on market value. This is a reasonable and logical approach to allocation of occupancy costs. The current method assumes all square footage has equal value. This is not logical for this type of occupancy. It also means the second-floor space would be allocated a larger portion of costs under the current method, but less using an allocation based on market value.Part 1Professional salaries ..................$1,600,000 10,000 hours $160 per hour Patient services & supplies .......$ 27,000 600 patients $45 per patient Building cost ...............................$ 150,000 1,500 sq. ft. $100 per sq. ft. Total costs ...................................$1,777,000Part 2Allocation of cost to the surgical departments using ABCProfessional salaries ............. 2,500 hours $160 per hr. $400,000 Patient services & supplies ...... 400 patients $45 per patient 18,000 Building cost .......................... 600 sq. ft. $100 per sq. ft. 60,000 Total ...............................................................................................$478,000 Average cost per patient ...............................................................$ 1,195Professional salaries ............. 7,500 hours $160 per hr. $1,200,000 Patient services & supplies ...... 200 patients $45 per patient 9,000 Building cost .......................... 900 sq. ft. $100 per sq. ft 90,000 Total ................................................................................................$1,299,000 Average cost per patient ...............................................................$ 6,495[Note that the sum of the amounts allocated to General Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery ($478,000 + $1,299,000) equals the total amount of indirect costs ($1,777,000).] Part 3If all center costs were allocated on the number of patients, the average cost of general surgery would increase. Since general surgery sees 2/3 of all patients (400/600), it would get allocated 2/3 of all center costs. Orthopedic surgery is currently consuming more professional salaries and building space than general surgery, but has fewer patients.Problem 21-3A (70 minutes)Cost of goods sold ........................ 89,964 63,612 27,500 181,076 (2) Gross profit .................................... 93,636 38,988 22,500 155,124 Direct expensesSales salaries ............................... 21,000 7,100 8,500 36,600Advertising ................................... 2,100 700 1,100 3,900Store supplies used .................... 594 378 400 1,372 (3) Depreciation of equipment ......... 2,300 900 1,000 4,200Total direct expenses .................. 25,994 9,078 11,000 46,072 Allocated expensesRent expense ............................... 5,632 2,835 2,353 10,820 (4) Utilities expense .......................... 2,292 1,153 955 4,400 (4) Share of office dept. expenses ... 15,288 8,540 4,172 28,000 (5) Total allocated expenses ............ 23,212 12,528 7,480 43,220 Total expenses ............................... 49,206 21,606 18,480 89,292Net income ..................................... $ 44,430 $17,382 $ 4,020 $ 65,832 Supporting Computations—coded (1) through (5) in statement aboveGrowth rate (8% increase) ............... x 108% x 108%2010 sales ......................................... $183,600 $102,600 $ 50,000Growth rate (8% increase) ............... x 108% x 108% x 55%* 2010 cost of goods sold .................. $ 89,964 $ 63,612 $ 27,500 A LTERNATIVELY2009 cost of goods sold .................. $ 83,300 $ 58,9002009 sales ......................................... $170,000 $ 95,0002009 cost as % of sales ................... 49% 62%2010 sales ........................................ $183,600 $102,600 $ 50,000 2010 cost as % of sales .................. x 49% x 62% x 55%* 2010 cost of goods sold .................. $ 89,964 $ 63,612 $ 27,500 * T he 55% cost of goods sold percent is computed as 100% minus the predicted 45% gross profit margin.Growth rate (8% increase) ................x 108% x 108%2010 store supplies ..........................$ 594 $ 378 $ 400One-fifth from clock to paintings (1,408) $ 1,408 One-fourth from mirror topaintings ______ (945) 945 2010 allocation of $10,820 rent .........$ 5,632 $ 2,835 $ 2,353 Percent of total * ...............................2010 allocation of $4,400total utilities ....................................$ 2,292 $ 1,153 $ 955Percent of total sales * ......................54.6% 30.5% 14.9% 2010 allocation of $28,000total office departmentexpenses ($20,000 in 2009plus $8,000 increase) ......................$ 15,288 $ 8,540 $ 4,172 * Instructor note: If students round to something other than one-tenth of a percent, theirnumbers will slightly vary.Part 1a.Responsibility Accounting Performance ReportManager, Camper DepartmentFor the YearBudgeted Actual Over (Under)Amount Amount Budget Controllable CostsRaw materials .................................$195,900 $194,800 $ (1,100) Employee wages ............................104,200 107,200 3,000 Supplies used .................................34,000 32,900 (1,100) Depreciation—Equipment ............. 63,000 63,000 0 Totals ..............................................$397,100 $397,900 $ 800b.Responsibility Accounting Performance ReportManager, Trailer DepartmentFor the YearBudgeted Actual Over (Under)Amount Amount Budget Controllable CostsRaw materials .................................$276,200 $273,600 $ (2,600) Employee wages ............................205,200 208,000 2,800 Supplies used .................................92,200 91,300 (900) Depreciation—Equipment ............. 127,000 127,000 0 Totals ..............................................$700,600 $699,900 $ (700)c.Responsibility Accounting Performance ReportManager, Ohio PlantFor the YearBudgeted Actual Over (Under)Amount Amount Budget Controllable CostsDept. manager salaries ................. $ 97,000 $ 98,700 $ 1,700 Utilities ........................................... 8,800 9,200 400 Building rent .................................. 15,700 15,500 (200) Other office salaries ..................... 46,500 30,100 (16,400) Other office costs ......................... 22,000 21,000 (1,000) Camper department ...................... 397,100 397,900 800 Trailer department ........................ 700,600 699,900 (700) Total ............................................... $1,287,700 $1,272,300 $(15,400)Part 2The plant manager did a good job of controlling costs and meeting the budget. He came in under budget for the plant even though he paid the department managers more than budgeted and had to absorb the amounts over budget in their departments. This is because he spent less than the budget amount on building rent, other office salaries, and other office costs. The Trailer Department manager also came in under budget. The Camper Department manager came in over budget, and thus performed the worse of the three managers.Problem 21-1B (60 minutes)Part 1Average occupancy cost = $372,000 / 20,000 sq. ft. = $18.60 per sq. ft.Occu pancy costs are assigned to Miller’s department as followsMiller’s Dept.................. 2,000 $18.60 $37,200Part 2Market rates are used to allocate occupancy costs for the building rent. Lighting and cleaning costs are allocated to the departments on all three floors at the average rate per square foot. Costs assigned to each class are:Lighting expense ................... 20,000 $20,000 Cleaning expense .................. 32,000 _______ 32,000 Totals ...................................... $372,000 $320,000 $52,000Value-based costs are allocated in two steps(i) Compute market value of each floorSecond floor ...................7,500 24 180,000Basement floor ...............5,000 12 60,000Total market value .........$600,000Problem 21-1B (Continued)(ii) Allocate the $320,000 to each floor based on its percent of market valueSecond floor ...................180,000 30 96,000 12.80 Basement floor ............... 60,000 10 32,000 6.40$600,000 100% $320,000Usage-based costs allocation rate = $52,000 / 20,000 sq. ft.= $2.60 per sq. ft.Total allocation rates for the departments on all three floors areSecond floor .................12.80 2.60 15.40Basement floor ............. 6.40 2.60 9.00These rates are applied to alloc ate occupancy costs to Miller’s departmentMiller’s Department ................................2,000 $9.00 $18,000Part 3A basement manager would prefer the allocation based on market value. This is a reasonable and logical approach to allocation of occupancy costs. With a flat rate method, all square footage has equal value. This is not logical for this type of occupancy. Less cost would be allocated to the basement departments if the market value method were used.。
会计学原理Financial-Accounting-by-Robert-Libby第八版-第三章-答案
会计学原理Financial-Accounting-by-Rob ert-Libby第八版-第三章-答案Chapter 3Operating Decisions andthe Accounting SystemANSWERS TO QUESTIONS1. A typical business operating cycle for a manufacturer would be as follows:inventory is purchased, cash is paid to suppliers, the product is manufactured and sold on credit, and the cash is collected from the customer.2. The time period assumption means that the financial condition andperformance of a business can be reported periodically, usually every month, quarter, or year, even though the life of the business is much longer.3. Net Income = Revenues + Gains - Expenses - Losses.Each element is defined as follows:Revenues -- increases in assets or settlements of liabilities from ongoing operations.Gains -- increases in assets or settlements of liabilities from peripheral transactions.Expenses -- decreases in assets or increases in liabilities from ongoingoperations.Losses -- decreases in assets or increases in liabilities from peripheraltransactions.4. Both revenues and gains are inflows of net assets. However, revenuesoccur in the normal course of operations, whereas gains occur from transactions peripheral to the central activities of the company. An example is selling land at a price above cost (at a gain) for companies not in the business of selling land.Both expenses and losses are outflows of net assets. However, expenses occur in the normal course of operations, whereas losses occur from transactions peripheral to the central activities of the company. An example is a loss suffered from fire damage.5. Accrual accounting requires recording revenues when earned andrecording expenses when incurred, regardless of the timing of cash receipts or payments. Cash basis accounting is recording revenues when cash is received and expenses when cash is paid.Financial Accounting, 8/e 3-2 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.Financial Accounting, 8/e3-3© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.6. The four criteria that must be met for revenue to be recognized under theaccrual basis of accounting are (1) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (2) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for customer payment, (3) the price is fixed or determinable, and (4) collection is reasonably assured.7. The expense matching principle requires that expenses be recorded whenincurred in earning revenue. For example, the cost of inventory sold during a period is recorded in the same period as the sale, not when the goods are produced and held for sale.8. Net income equals revenues minus expenses. Thus revenues increase netincome and expenses decrease net income. Because net income increases stockholders’ equity, revenues increase stockholders’ equity and expenses decrease it.9. Reve nues increase stockholders’ equity and expenses decreasestockholders’ equity. To increase stockholders’ equity, an account must be credited; to decrease stockholders’ equity, an account must be debited. Thus revenues are recorded as credits and expenses as debits. 10.11.12.13. Total net profit margin ratio is calculated as Net Income Net Sales (orOperating Revenues). The net profit margin ratio measures how much of every sales dollar is profit. An increasing ratio suggests that the company is managing its sales and expenses effectively.ANSWERS TO MULTIPLE CHOICE1. c2. a3. b4. b5. c6. c7. d8. b9. a10. bFinancial Accounting, 8/e 3-4 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.Authors' Recommended Solution Time(Time in minutes)* Due to the nature of this project, it is very difficult to estimate the amount of time students will need to complete the assignment. As with any open-ended project, it is possible for students to devote a large amount of time to these assignments. While students often benefit from the extra effort, we find that some become frustrated by the perceived difficulty of the task. You can reduce student frustration and anxiety by making your expectations clear. For example, when our goal is to sharpen research skills, we devote class time discussing research strategies. When we want the students to focus on a real accounting issue, we offer suggestions about possible companies or industries.Financial Accounting, 8/e 3-5 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.Financial Accounting, 8/e 3-6© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.MINI-EXERCISESM3–1.TERMG (1) LossesC (2) Expense matching principle F (3) RevenuesE (4) Time period assumption B(5) Operating cycleM3–2.Cash Basis Income StatementAccrual Basis Income StatementRevenues: Cash sales Customer deposits$8,000 5,000 Revenues: Sales to customers$18,000 Expenses:Inventory purchases Wages paid 1,000 900 Expenses: Cost of sales Wages expense Utilities expense 9,000 900 300Net Income$11,100Net Income $7,800Revenue Account Affected Amount of Revenue Earned in JulyM3–4.Expense Account Affected Amount of Expense Incurred in JulyFinancial Accounting, 8/e 3-7 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.a. Cash (+A) ............................................................................ 15,000Games Revenue (+R, +SE) .......................................... 15,000 b. Cash (+A) ............................................................................ 3,000Accounts Receivable (+A) ................................................ 5,000 Sales Revenue (+R, +SE) ............................................. 8,000 c. Cash (+A) ............................................................................ 4,000Accounts Receivable (-A) ........................................... 4,000 d. Cash (+A) ............................................................................ 2,500Unearned Revenue (+L) ............................................... 2,500 M3–6.e. Cost of Goods Sold (+E, -SE)........................................... 6,800Inventory (-A) ............................................................... 6,800 f. Accounts Payable (–L) (800)Cash (-A) (800)g. Wages Expense (+E, -SE) ................................................. 3,500Cash (-A) ...................................................................... 3,500 h. Insurance Expense (+E, -SE) . (500)Prepaid Expenses (+A) ...................................................... 1,00 Cash (-A) ...................................................................... 1,500 i. Repairs Expense (+E, -SE) .. (700)Cash (-A) (700)j. Utilities Expense (+E, -SE) (900)Accounts Payable (+L) (900)Financial Accounting, 8/e 3-8 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.Transaction (c) results in an increase in an asset (cash) and a decrease in an asset (accounts receivable). Therefore, there is no net effect on assets.M3–8.Transaction (h) results in an increase in an asset (prepaid expenses) and a decrease in an asset (cash). Therefore, the net effect on assets is 500.Financial Accounting, 8/e 3-9 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.Craig’s Bowling, Inc.Income StatementFor the Month of July 2014Revenues:Games revenue $15,000Sales revenue 8,000Total revenues 23,000Expenses:Cost of goods sold 6,800Utilities expense 900Wages expense 3,500Insurance expense 500Repairs expense 700Total expenses 12,400Net income $ 10,600M3–10.Financial Accounting, 8/e 3-10 © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.M3–11.These results suggest that Jen’s Jewelry Company earned approximately $0.31 for every dollar of revenue in 2015, and over time, the ratio has improved. Jen’s has become more effective at managing sales and expenses.As additional analysis:Between 2013 to 2014 and 2014 to 2015, sales have increased at a lower percentage than net income. This suggests that the company has been more effective at controlling expenses than generating revenues.EXERCISESE3–1.TERMK (1) ExpensesE (2) GainsG (3) Revenue realization principleI (4) Cash basis accountingM (5) Unearned revenueC (6) Operating cycleD (7) Accrual basis accountingF (8) Prepaid expensesJ (9) Revenues - Expenses = Net IncomeL (10) Ending Retained Earnings =Beginning Retained Earnings + Net Income - Dividends DeclaredE3–2.Req. 1Cash Basis Income StatementAccrual Basis Income StatementRevenues:Cash sales Customer deposits $500,00070,000Revenues:Sales tocustomers$750,000Expenses:Inventory purchases Wages paidUtilities paid90,000180,30017,200Expenses:Cost of salesWages expenseUtilities expense485,000184,00019,130Net Income $282,500 Net Income $61,870Req. 2Accrual basis financial statements provide more useful information to external users. Financial statements created under cash basis accounting normally postpone (e.g., $250,000 credit sales) or accelerate (e.g., $70,000 customer deposits) recognition of revenues and expenses long before or after goods andservices are produced and delivered (until cash is received or paid). They also do not necessarily reflect all assets or liabilities of a company on a particular date.Activity Revenue AccountAmount of RevenueActivity Expense AccountAmount of ExpenseE3–5.Transaction (k) results in an increase in an asset (cash) and a decrease in an asset (accounts receivable). Therefore, there is no net effect on assets.* A loss affects net income negatively, as do expenses.E3–6.Transaction (f) results in an increase in an asset (property, plant, and equipment) and a decrease in an asset (cash). Therefore, there is no net effect on assets.E3–7.(in thousands)a. Plant and equipment (+A) (636)Cash ( A) (636)Debits equal credits. Assets increase and decrease by the same amount.b. Cash (+A) (181)Short-term notes payable (+L) (181)Debits equal credits. Assets and liabilities increase by the same amount.c. Cash (+A) ..........................................................................Accounts receivable (+A) ................................................ 10,765 28,558Service revenue (+R, +SE) ........................................ 39,323 Debits equal credits. Revenue increases retained earnings (part of stockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets increase by the same amount.E3–7. (continued)d. Accounts payable (-L) ..................................................... 32,074Cash (-A) ................................................................... 32,074 Debits equal credits. Assets and liabilities decrease by the same amount.e. Inventory (+A) ................................................................... 32,305Accounts payable (+L) .............................................. 32,305 Debits equal credits. Assets and liabilities increase by the same amount.f. Wages expense (+E, -SE) ............................................... 3,500Cash (-A) ................................................................... 3,500 Debits equal credits. Expenses decrease retained earnings (part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets decrease by thesame amount.g. Cash (+A) .......................................................................... 39,043Accounts receivable (-A) ....................................... 39,043 Debits equal credits. Assets increase and decrease by the same amount.h. Fuel expense (+E, -SE) (750)Cash (-A) (750)Debits equal credits. Expenses decrease retained earnings (part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets decrease by thesame amount.i. Retained earnings (-SE) (597)Cash (-A) (597)Debits equal credits. Assets and stock holders’ equity decrease by thesame amount.j. Utilities expense (+E, -SE) (68)Cash (-A) ................................................................... Accounts payable (+L) .............................................. 55 13Debits equal credits. Expenses decrease retained earnings (part of stockholders' equity). Together, stockholders' equity and liabilities decrease by the same amount as assets.E3–8.Req. 1a.Cash (+A) ................................................................... 2,300,000Short-term note payable (+L) ........................ 2,300,000 Debits equal credits. Assets and liabilities increase by the same amount.b.Equipment (+A) ......................................................... 98,000Cash (-A) ........................................................ 98,000 Debits equal credits. Assets increase and decrease by the same amount.c.Merchandise inventory (+A) .................................... 35,000Accounts payable (+L) .................................. 35,000 Debits equal credits. Assets and liabilities increase by the same amount.d.Repairs (or maintenance) expense (+E, -SE) ......... 62,000Cash (-A) ........................................................ 62,000 Debits equal credits. Expenses decrease retained earnings (part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets decrease by thesame amount.e.Cash (+A) ................................................................... 390,000Unearned pass revenue (+L) ......................... 390,000 Debits equal credits. Since the season passes are sold before Vail Resorts provides service, revenue is deferred until it is earned. Assets andliabilities increase by the same amount.f.Two transactions occur:(1) Accounts receivable (+A) (800)Ski shop sales revenue (+R, +SE) (800)Debits equal credits. Revenue increases retained earnings (a part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets increase by thesame amount.(2) Cost of goods sold (+E, -SE) (500)Merchandise inventory (-A) (500)Debits equal credits. Expenses decrease retained earnings (a part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets decrease by thesame amount.E3–8. (continued)g.Cash (+A) ................................................................... 320,000Lift revenue (+R, +SE) .................................... 320,000 Debits equal credits. Revenue increases retained earnings (a part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets increase by thesame amount.h.Cash (+A) ................................................................... 3,500Unearned rent revenue (+L) .......................... 3,500 Debits equal credits. Since the rent is received before the townhouse isused, revenue is deferred until it is earned. Assets and liabilities increase by the same amount.i. Accounts payable (-L) ............................................. 17,500Cash (-A) ........................................................ 17,500 Debits equal credits. Assets and liabilities decrease by the same amount. j.Cash (+A) . (400)Accounts receivable (-A) (400)Debits equal credits. Assets increase and decrease by the same amount. k.Wages expense (+E, -SE) ........................................ 245,000Cash (-A) ........................................................ 245,000 Debits equal credits. Expenses decrease retained earnings (a part ofstockholders' equity). Stockholders' equity and assets decrease by thesame amount.Req. 22/1 Rent expense (+E, -SE) (275)Cash (-A) (275)2/2 Fuel expense (+E, -SE) (490)Accounts payable (+L) (490)2/4 Cash (+A) (820)Unearned revenue (+L) (820)2/7 Cash (+A) (910)Transport revenue (+R, +SE) (910)2/10 Advertising expense (+E, -SE) (175)Cash (-A) (175)2/14 Wages payable (-L) ......................................................... 2,300Cash (-A) ......................................................... 2,3002/18 Cash (+A) ..........................................................................Accounts receivable (+A) ................................................ 1,600 2,200Transport revenue (+R, +SE) ......................... 3,800 2/25 Parts supplies (+A) .......................................................... 2,550Accounts payable (+L) ................................... 2,550 2/27 Retained earnings (-SE) .. (200)Dividends payable (+L) (200)Req. 1 and 2Accounts Unearned Fee NoteAdditional Paid-inRebuilding Fees RentItem (f) is not a transaction; there has been no exchange.E3–10. (continued)Req. 3Net income using the accrual basis of accounting:Revenues $19,850 ($19,000 + $850)– Expenses 16,900 ($16,500 + $400)Net Income $ 2,950Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity$12,090 $ 7,700 $ 1,70024,800 4,440 7,8202,460 48,500 9,36010,420 2,950 netincome7,40025,300$82,470 $60,640 $21,830Req. 4Net income using the cash basis of accounting:Cash receipts $27,650 (transactions a through d)–Cash disbursements 19,760 (transactions g, i, and k)Net Income $ 7,890Cash basis net income ($7,890) is higher than accrual basis net income ($2,950) because of the differences in the timing of recording revenues versus receipts and expenses versus disbursements between the two methods. The $7,800 higher amount in cash receipts over revenues includes cash received prior to being earned (from (b), $600) and cash received after being earned (in (d), $7,200). The $2,860 higher amount in cash disbursements over expenses includes cash paid after being incurred in the prior period (in (g), $2,300), plus cash paid for supplies to be used and expensed in the future (in (k), $960), less an expense incurred in January to be paid in February (in (e), $400).STACEY’S PIANO REBUILDING COMPANYIncome Statement (unadjusted)For the Month Ended January 31, 2014 Operating Revenues:Rebuilding fees revenue $ 19,000 Total operating revenues 19,000 Operating Expenses:Wages expense 16,500 Utilities expense 400 Total operating expenses 16,900 Operating Income 2,100 Other Item:Rent revenue 850 Net Income $ 2,950Req. 1 and 2Common Additional RetainedFood Sales Revenue Catering Sales RevenueE3–14.Req. 1TRAVELING GOURMET, INC.Income Statement (unadjusted)For the Month Ended March 31, 2014 Revenues:Food sales revenueCatering sales revenueTotal revenues Expenses:Supplies expenseUtilities expenseWages expenseFuel expenseTotal costs and expenses $ 11,9004,20016,10010,8304206,28036317,893Net Loss $ (1,793) Req. 2Transaction O, I, or F Activity (or No Effect) on Statement ofDirection and AmountReq. 3The company generated a small loss of 1,793 during its first month of operations, before making any adjusting entries. The adjusting entries for use of the building and equipment and interest expense on the borrowing will increase the loss. Cash flows from operating activities were also negative at $2,973 (= + 11,900 + 2,600 –10,830 –363 –6,280) . So far the company does not appear to be successful, but it is only in its first month of operating a retail store. If sales can be increased without inflating fixed costs (particularly salaries expense), the company may soon turn a profit. It is not unusual for small businesses to report a loss or have negative cash flows from operations as they start up operations.E3–15.Req. 1Transaction Brief Explanationa Issued 10,000 shares of common stock to shareholders for $82,000cash.b Purchased store fixtures for $15,400 cash.c Purchased $24,800 of inventory, paying $6,200 cash and thebalance on account.d Sold $14,000 of goods or services to customers, receiving $9,820cash and the balance on account. The cost of the goods sold was$7,000.e Used $1,480 of utilities during the month, not yet paid.f Paid $1,300 in wages to employees.g Paid $2,480 in cash for rent, $620 related to the current month and$1,860 related to future months.h Received $3,960 cash from customers, $1,450 related to currentsales and $2,510 related to goods or services to be provided in thefuture.Req. 2Kate’s Kite CompanyIncome StatementFor the Month Ended April 30, 2014Sales Revenue Expenses:Cost of salesWages expenseRent expenseUtilities expenseTotal expenses $ 15,4507,0001,3006201,48010,400Net Income $ 5,050Kate’s Kite CompanyBalance SheetAt April 30, 2014Assets Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity Current Assets: Current Liabilities:Cash $70,400 Accounts payable $20,080 Accounts receivable 4,180 Unearned revenue 2,510 Inventory 17,800 Total current liabilities 22,590 Prepaid expenses 1,860 Shareholders’ Equity:Total current assets 94,240 Common stock 10,000 Store fixtures 15,400 Additional paid-in capital 72,000Retained earnings 5,050Total shareholders’equity87,050Total Assets $109,640 Total Liabilities &Shareholders’ Equity$109,640E3–16.Req. 1Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity $ 3,200 $ 2,400 $ 800 8,000 5,600 4,0006,400 1,600 3,200 $17,600 $9,600 $ 8,000Req. 2Accounts Long-TermAccounts Unearned Long-TermAdditionalConsulting Fee InvestmentRent ExpenseE3–16. (continued)Req. 3Revenues $58,400 ($58,000 from sales + $400 on investments)– Expenses 56,400 ($36,000 + $12,000 + $800 + $7,600)Net Income $ 2,000Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity$ 1,120 $ 1,600 $ 80012,400 7,200 4,0006,400 1,600 2,7202,000 net income $19,920 $10,400 $ 9,520 Req. 4Net Profit Margin = Net Income = $2,000 = 0.0345Ratio Sales (Operating) Revenues $58,000* or 3.45% * The $400 of investment income is not an operating revenue and is not included in the computation.The increasing trend in the net profit margin ratio (from 2.5% in 2013 to 2.9% in 2014 and then to 3.45% in 2015) suggests that the company is managing its sales and expenses more effectively over time.E3–17.Req. 1Accounts receivable increases with customer sales on account and decreases with cash payments received from customers.Prepaid expenses increase with cash payments of expenses related to future periods and decrease as these expenses are incurred over time.Unearned subscriptions increase with cash payments received from customers for goods or services to be provided in the future and decreases when those goods or services are provided.Req. 2Trade Accounts ReceivablePrepaidExpensesUnearnedSubscriptionsComputations:Beginning + “+”-“-”= EndingTrade accounts receivable 717 + 5,240 -??==6935,264Prepaid expenses 95 + 203 -??==107191Unearned subscriptions 224 + 2,690 -??==2312,683E3–18.ITEM LOCATION1. Description of a company’sprimary business(es). Letter to shareholders;Management’s Discussion and Analysis; Summary of significant accounting policies note2. Income taxes paid. Notes; Statement of cash flows3. Accounts receivable. Balance sheet4. Cash flow from operatingactivities.Statement of cash flows5. Description of a company’srevenue recognition policy. Summary of significant accounting policies note6. The inventory sold during theyear.Income statement (Cost of Goods Sold)7. The data needed to compute thenet profit margin ratio.Income statementPROBLEMSP3-1.Transactions Debit Credita. Example: Purchased equipment for use in the business;5 1, 8paid one-third cash and signed a note payable for thebalance.b. Paid cash for salaries and wages earned by employees thisperiod.15 1 c. Paid cash on accounts payable for expensesincurred last period.7 1d. Purchased supplies to be used later; paid cash. 3 1e. Performed services this period on credit. 2 14f. Collected cash on accounts receivable for servicesperformed last period. 1 2g. Issued stock to new investors. 1 11, 12h. Paid operating expenses incurred this period.15 1i. Incurred operating expenses this period to be paidnext period.15 7 j. Purchased a patent (an intangible asset); paid cash. 6 1 k. Collected cash for services performed this period. 1 14 l. Used some of the supplies on hand for operations.15 3 m. Paid three-fourths of the income tax expense for the year;the balance will be paid next year.16 1, 10 n. Made a payment on the equipment note in (a); the paymentwas part principal and part interest expense.8, 17 1 o. On the last day of the current period, paid cash for aninsurance policy covering the next two years. 4 1a. Cash (+A) ........................................................................... 40,000Common stock (+SE) (20)Additional paid-in capital (+SE) ................................ 39,980 b. Cash (+A) ........................................................................... 60,000Note payable (long-term) (+L) ..................................... 60,000 c. Rent expense (+E, -SE) .................................................... 1,500Prepaid rent (+A) ............................................................... 1,500 Cash (-A) ...................................................................... 3,000 d. Prepaid insurance (+A) ..................................................... 2,400Cash (-A) ..................................................................... 2,400 e. Furniture and fixtures (or Equipment) (+A) ..................... 15,000Accounts payable (+L) ............................................... 12,000Cash (-A) ..................................................................... 3,000 f. Inventory (+A) .................................................................... 2,800Cash (-A) ..................................................................... 2,800 g. Advertising expense (+E, -SE) .. (350)Cash (-A) (350)h. Cash (+A) (850)Accounts receivable (+A) (850)Sales revenue (+R, +SE) ............................................ 1,700 Cost of goods sold (+E, -SE) . (900)Inventory (-A) (900)i. Accounts payable (-L) ...................................................... 12,000Cash (-A) ..................................................................... 12,000 j. Cash (+A) (210)Accounts receivable (-A) (210)。
约翰怀尔德 会计学原理
约翰怀尔德会计学原理全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：约翰怀尔德（John Wild）是一位著名的会计学家，他对会计学原理的研究和贡献被广泛认可。
他在他的著作中系统地探讨了会计学的基本原理和理论，帮助人们更好地理解和应用会计学知识。
会计学原理是会计学的基础，是会计科学的根本。
约翰怀尔德在他的著作中详细阐述了会计学原理的重要性，并提出了许多深刻的见解。
他指出，会计学原理是指导会计学实践的准则和规则，其作用是维护会计学的准确性、可靠性和公正性。
在他的著作中，约翰怀尔德强调了会计学原理在企业经营管理中的重要性。
他认为，只有建立在正确的会计学原理基础之上的会计信息才能为企业决策提供准确的参考。
他还指出，遵循正确的会计学原理可以帮助企业提高内部管理效率，加强企业的风险控制能力，提高企业的经营绩效。
约翰怀尔德的著作对会计学原理的研究和理解做出了重要贡献。
他的思想为会计学界和企业管理者提供了宝贵的启示，对促进会计学的发展和提升会计学的实践水平具有重要意义。
希望更多的人可以关注会计学原理的研究，深入理解和应用约翰怀尔德等会计学家的研究成果，为企业的可持续发展和社会的进步做出更大的贡献。
第二篇示例：约翰·怀尔德是一位著名的会计学家，他对会计学原理的研究和贡献被誉为经济学领域的里程碑之一。
怀尔德的研究不仅深刻地影响了当代会计学的发展，也为未来的学者们提供了重要的启示。
本文将对怀尔德的会计学原理进行介绍和分析。
怀尔德认为，会计学原理是会计学的基础，是会计学家应该遵循的核心准则。
在怀尔德看来，会计学原理主要包括：货币计量、持续经营、历史成本、收入确认、费用匹配等几个方面。
这些原则不仅是会计师在日常工作中的行为准则，也是保障会计信息质量和经济运作有序的重要基础。
货币计量原则是指所有的财务信息应该用货币单位进行衡量和记录。
怀尔德认为，货币单位是衡量财务状况和经营业绩的唯一标准，只有将所有的资产、负债、收入和支出都转化为货币单位，才能使这些信息具有可比性和可信度。
会计学原理(第23版)投资和国际经营
学习目标 P2:持有至到期投资的会计处理
25
NEED-TO-KNOW 13-2
编制日记账分录以记录以下涉及短期投资的交易。 a.5月15日,支付$100现金购买起始日为5月15日的Muni公司120天短期债权证券(本金为 $100),利率为6% (归类为持有至到期投资)。 b.9月13日,收到了Muni公司的一张支票,用于支付本金和交易a中购买的债权证券的120天 利息。
短期 (S-T) 和长期(L-T) 投资在其总资产中所占 的百分比
图表13-1 选定的几家公司的投资情况
5 学习目标 C1:区分债权证券与权益证券,短期投资与长期投资
短期投资
短期投资: • 管理层准备在一年内或企业长于一年的一个经 营周期内将其转换成现金。 • 很容易就能转换成现金。
短期投资不包括现金等价物。 现金等价物是指既容易转换为确定金额的现金又在 三个月内到期的投资。
2017
普通日记账
12月15日 短期投资 – 交易性金融资产
现金
12月28日 现金 股利收入
短期投资 – 交易性金融资产 12月15日 130
借方 130
贷方 130
15 15
20 学习目标 P1:交易性金融资产的会计处理
NEED-TO-KNOW 13-1
Berkshire公司在2017年12月15日以$130的价格购买了交易性金融资产。(这是其第一次 也是唯一一次购买此类证券。)12月28日,Berkshire公司从12月15日购买的股票中获得 了$15的现金股利。截至2017年12月31日,该交易性金融资产的公允价值为$140。 a.为交易性金融资产的投资组合编制12月15日的收购分录。 b.为交易性金融资产的投资组合编制12月28日的现金股利分录。 c.为交易性金融资产的投资组合编制12月31日的年末调整分录。
会计学入门读物哪本比较好？
会计学入门读物哪本比较好？会计学入门读物哪本比较好？会计学入门读物哪本比较好？国内的教材感觉都比较枯燥，为了提高对此学科的兴趣，暂且决定先从国外的教材开始入门。
我自己也查阅到了一些国外的会计学教材，我先列举自己查阅到的书籍，还请会计界的各位前辈帮我做些参考。
《会计学原理》作者：约翰·J.怀尔德（貌似这两个版本是一样的，好像就是中英文的区别？）《会计学原理》韦安特《会计学》查尔斯·T·亨格瑞《会计学》查尔斯·T·亨格瑞(这两个貌似是先后版本不同，但价格差距很大，第8版是59.3，第六版是119.5，这是怎么回事？）《财务会计教程》查尔斯·T·亨格瑞《会计学基础》罗伯特·N.安东尼（这个好像也是版本相同，只是中英文的区别？）《会计学:数字意味着什么》戴维?马歇尔（这个好像也是版本相同，只是中英文的区别？）请教各位会计界的前辈以上哪本作为会计学的入门读物更好？如果还有更好的书籍作为会计学的入门读物还请各位前辈推荐指教，先谢过！（本人非专业人士！）（注：本人不是为了考证，我只是想对此学科入门之前，先提高对此学科的兴趣，而后系统性的对此学科有所认知。
因此，我非常需要一个趣味性较强而又在知识上综合连贯的书或教材或者是一份书单，谢谢！）会计学入门读物哪本比较好？国内的教材感觉都比较枯燥，为了提高对此学科的.兴趣，暂且决定先从国外的教材开始入门。
我自己也查阅到了一些国外的会计学教材，我先列举自己查阅到的书籍，还请会计界的各位前辈帮我做些参考。
《会计学原理》作者：约翰·J.怀尔德工商管理经典译丛?会计与财务系列:会计学原理(第19版)/约翰?J?怀尔德 (John J.Wild)-图书<="" bdsfid="102" i="">普通高等教育"十一五"国家级规划教材?教育部高校工商管理类教材指导委员会双语教学推荐教材?工商管理经典教材?会计与财务系列?会计学原理(第19版)(英文版)/崔学刚<="" bdsfid="104" i=""> （貌似这两个版本是一样的，好像就是中英文的区别？）《会计学原理》韦安特会计学原理(附光盘1张)/韦安特<="" bdsfid="109" i="">《会计学》查尔斯·T·亨格瑞会计学(第8版)/查尔斯·T·亨格瑞(Charles T.Horngren)-图书<=""bdsfid="113" i="">《会计学》查尔斯·T·亨格瑞会计学(第6版)(套装上下册)/享格瑞<="" bdsfid="116" i=""> (这两个貌似是先后版本不同，但价格差距很大，第8版是59.3，第六版是119.5，这是怎么回事？）《财务会计教程》查尔斯·T·亨格瑞财务会计教程(第8版)/亨格瑞<="" bdsfid="120" i="">。
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学-04
FastForward Work Sheet For Month Ended December 31, 2007 Unadjusted
Trial Balance Dr. Cr. 4,350 9,720 2,400 26,000 Adjustments Dr. Cr. f 1,800 b a c e 250 1,050 100 375 210
Cash Accounts receivable Supplies Prepaid insurance Equipment Accum. depr. - Equip. Accounts payable Salaries payable Unearned consulting revenue C. Taylor, Capital C. Taylor, Withdrawals Consulting revenue Rental revenue Depr. expense Salaries expense Insurance expense Rent expense Supplies expense Utilities expense Totals Net income
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学-09
Jul. 31 Cash 500 Accounts Receivable - Webster
500
To record cash collections on account
Cash Accounts Receivable - Matrix
800 800
To record cash collections on account
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
C1
Sales on Credit
On July 31, Barton, Co. collects $500 from Webster, Co., and $800 from Matrix, Inc. on account.
Chapter 9
Accounting for Receivables
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
Conceptual（概念上的） （概念上的） Learning Objectives
C1: Describe accounts receivable and how they occur and are recorded C2: Describe a note receivable and the computation of its maturity（到期） date and interest C3: Explain how receivables can be converted to（转 变为） cash before maturity
Accounting for bad debts that result from credit sales.
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学-02
Internal Transactions occur within the organization.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
C1
Analyzing and Recording Process
Analyze each transaction and event from source documents
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
C3
Asset Accounts
Cash Land
Accounts Receivable Notes Receivabl e Prepaid Accounts
Buildings
Asset Accounts
Equipment Supplies
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
Procedural Learning Objectives
P1: Record transactions in a journal and
post entries to a ledger P2: Prepare and explain the use of a trial balance P3: Prepare financial statements from business transactions
Accounting Number 302 403 406 622 637 640 652 690
Accounting Name C. Taylor, Withdrawals Revenues Rental revenue Salaries expense Insurance expense Rent expense Supplies expense Utilities expense
会计学原理(第23版)-中文PPT第1章 经济活动中的会计
第1章 学习目标
概念 C1 解释会计的目标和重要性 C2 界定会计信息的使用者、用途以及会计工作机会 C3 解释职业道德对会计的重要性 C4 解释公认会计原则的含义,定义并应用若干重要的会计原则 分析 A1 定义并解释会计等式及其构成要素
程序 P1 运用会计等式分析企业经济业务 P2 界定和编制基本财务报表,并解释各类报表之间的相互联系
会计分期假设
公司的经营过程可以分为不同期间,诸如 以月份或年份为期间。
学习目标C4：解释公认会计原则的含义,定义并应用若干重要的会计原则
20
1 - 21
独资企业、合伙制企业和公司
以下是独资企业、合伙企业及公司各自的特点：
学习目标C4：解释公认会计原则的含义,定义并应用若干重要的会计原则
21
会计约束
学习目标 P1： 运用会计等式分析企业经济业务
会计等式：
Chas Taylor 投资 $30,000 现金创办这一企业, Fast Forward。
学习目标 P1： 运用会计等式分析企业经济业务
业务 2：
公司用现金$2,500采购物料。
涉及的账户有： (1) 现金 (资产) (2) 物料 (资产)
净利润 29
NEED-TO-KNOW 1-3
学习目标 A1： 定义和解释会计等式及其每一个组成部分
30
学习目标 P1：运用会计等式分析企业
经济业务
31
业务 1：
Chas Taylor 投资 $30,000 现金创办了一家公司。
涉及的账户有：
(1) 现金 (资产)
(2) C. Taylor名下的资本 (所有者权益)
学习目标 C3：解释职业道德对会计的重要性
10
怀尔德会计学原理第21版课后习题答案SMChap012
怀尔德会计学原理第21版课后习题答案SMChap012第12章课后习题答案12.1 问题回顾1. 在现代企业管理中，有哪些主要类型的财务会计信息用户？答：主要类型的财务会计信息用户包括内部管理层、外部投资者、债权人、监管机构和其他利益相关者等。
2. 财务报表是通过哪种组织结构来提供财务会计信息的？答：财务报表是通过资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表和股东权益变动表等组织结构来提供财务会计信息的。
3. 资产负债表的目的是什么？相关的主要问题是什么？答：资产负债表的目的是展示企业在特定日期的资产、负债和股东权益的情况。
相关的主要问题包括：企业拥有哪些资源？谁向企业提供了这些资源？企业如何使用这些资源？4. 利润表的目的是什么？相关的主要问题是什么？答：利润表的目的是展示企业在特定期间的收入、费用和净利润等情况。
相关的主要问题包括：企业从哪些业务活动中获取了收入？企业的费用总额是多少？企业的净利润是多少？5. 现金流量表的目的是什么？相关的主要问题是什么？答：现金流量表的目的是展示企业在特定期间的现金流量情况。
相关的主要问题包括：企业的现金流入和流出分别来自于哪些活动？企业的净现金流量是多少？12.2 简答题1. 请简要介绍一下资产负债表。
答：资产负债表是一份会计报表，用于展示企业在特定日期的资产、负债和股东权益的情况。
资产负债表的核心思想是资产=负债+股东权益，即企业的资金来源必须等于资金的运用。
资产负债表通常分为两个部分：资产部分和负债和股东权益部分。
资产部分展示了企业拥有的资源，包括现金、应收账款、固定资产等；而负债和股东权益部分则展示了企业所欠债务和股东的权益。
通过资产负债表，用户可以了解企业的财务状况和资金运用情况。
2. 请简要介绍一下利润表。
答：利润表是一份会计报表，用于展示企业在特定期间的收入、费用和净利润等情况。
利润表的核心思想是收入-费用=净利润，即企业从业务活动中获取的收入减去费用后得到的净利润。
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学-06培训课件
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
Procedural Chapter Objectives
P1: Compute inventory in a perpetual system using the methods of specific identification, FIFO, LIFO, and weighted average
Buyer
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
C1 Goods on Consignment
Merchandise is included in the inventory of the consignor, the owner of the inventory.
A2: Analyze the effects of inventory errors on current and future financial statements
A3: Assess inventory management using both inventory turnover and days’ sales in inventory
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上 海交通大学-06
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
Analytical Chapter Objectives
A1: Analyze the effects of inventory methods for both financial and tax reporting
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学幻灯片PPT
PPT
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
本课件PPT仅供大家学习使用 学习完请自行删除，谢谢！ 本课件PPT仅供大家学习使用 学习完请自行删除，谢谢！
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
课程要求--教材与辅助资料
The primary external users of financial information are investors and creditors.
Return on Inve s tme nt
Return of Inve s tme nt
教材
Fundamental Accounting Principles (18 edition), John Wild, Kermit Larson and Barbara Chiappetta, McGraw Hill
会计学原理 〔第18版〕， 约翰.J.怀尔德, 克米特.D.拉森, 巴巴拉.基亚佩塔 著, 崔学刚, 饶菁 改编, 中国人民大学出版社
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007
Accounting Information and Stock Price
Best Buy Co. Inc Fiscal Quarter (Feb,11 – May, 10, 2021) Quarterly Earnings Announcement: June
Accountin g
Informatio
of their decisions.
n
Actions (decisions)
会计学本科专业课程简介
课程编号：051013 课程名称：《微观经济学》课程类别：学科基础课先修课程：微积分课程简介：本课程讲授微观经济学基本原理，包括供求理论、消费者行为理论、生产理论、成本理论、厂商理论生产与分配理论，市场结构和政府对校正“市场失败”的作用。
教材名称：《微观经济学》教材主编：费剑平出版社：首都经贸主要参考书目：经济学原理——微观经济学（上册）（第6版）[美]凯斯/菲尔/ 高级微观经济学(张军主编)课程编号：051014 课程名称：《宏观经济学》课程类别：学科基础课课程简介：经济活动的衡量、国民收入的决定、就业与委托人、宏观财政政策与宏观货币政策、经济增长、宏观经济学流派及论战。
教材名称：宏观经济学教材主编：梁东黎出版日期：2003-05-01 出版社：南京大学主要参考书目：高级宏观经济学上海财大大卫·罗默2002-10-01 / 高级宏观经济学（影印本）上海财大David Romer课程编号：051021 课程名称：《管理信息系统》课程类别：学科基础课课程简介：本课程讲授管理信息系统学科及专业概论：MIS专业的发展史及其特点，培养目标及专业方向、知识及能力结构；MIS原理初步：MIS的概论、结构开发方法论等；MIS开发初步：主要是系统规划和分析；国家信息化形势及任务。
教材名称：管理信息系统（第三版）教材主编：薛华成出版社：清华大学主要参考书目：管理信息系统（附光盘1片）（第二版）高教黄梯云主编高教司组编管理信息系统—网络化企业的组织与技术（第六版影印版）高教Kenneth udon课程编号：051015 课程名称：《管理学》课程类别：学科基础课课程简介：介绍管理学特别是企业管理的基本概念、基本知识，介绍基本的现代管理理念、方法和手段，为广大同学继续学习管理类课程及解决现实管理问题服务。
教材名称：《管理学原理》教材主编：周建临出版社：上海财大主要参考书目：管理学原理南京大学(陈传明邹宜民)2003-03-01 / 管理学原理高教刘松柏主编课程编号：051016 课程名称：《财政学》课程类别：学科基础课先修课程：微观经济学课程简介：财政学是一门应用经济学，即公共部门或政府部门经济学研究政府部门如何履行职能和高效率提供公共产品和公共服务的行为。
上海交通大学2007年部分专业基础课参考书目
（含船舶静力学、船舶阻力）《船舶静力学》盛振邦、杨尚荣、陈雪深上海交大出版社1992《船舶阻力》邵世明上海交大出版社1995
503园林规划与设计
428电磁学和量子力学
《电磁学》赵凯华等高等教育出版社，占60%；《量子力学导论》曾谨言高等教育出版社，占40%
429兽医微生物学
《兽医微生物学》（第三版）陆承平主编中国农业出版社2001；《兽医免疫学》杜念兴主编中国农业出版社1997
430结构力学
《结构力学》龙驭球编高教出版社
431高分子化学与高分子物理
上海交通大学2007年部分专业基础课参考书目
2006-12-1 18:30上海交通大学【大中小】
考试科目
参考书目
223日语（二外）
《新版中日交流标准日本语》（初级上、下）人民教育出版社2005年
224德语（二外）
《新编大学德语》（1-3册）朱建华等编，外语教学与研究出版社
225法语（二外）
《法语》（1-3册）北京外国语大学法语系马晓宏编外语教学与研究出版社
无指定参考书
464现代汉语与写作
《现代汉语》（重订本）胡裕树编上海教育出版社1995；《现代汉语》（增订三版）黄伯荣、廖序东编高等教育出版社2002
465技术经济学
《工业技术经济》付家骥、仝允恒编清华大学出版社2001年《技术经济学》赵建华、高凤彦科学出版社
466环境科学概论
《环境保护概论》林肇信刘天齐等编高等教育出版社1999
442化工基础（含物化）
《化工原理》（第二版，上下册）谭天恩等化学工业出版社1998；《化工原理》（第二版）陈敏恒等化学工业出版社2002；《物理化学》（第四版，上下册）胡英主编,高教出版社，1999（不含中册的结构化学）
怀尔德会计学原理答案Chapter-03
Chapter 3Adjusting Accounts and Preparing1. The cash basis of accounting reports revenues when cash is received while theaccrual basis reports revenues when they are earned. The cash basis reports expenses when cash is paid while the accrual basis reports expenses when they are incurred and matched with revenues they generated.2. The accrual basis of accounting generally provides a better indication of companyperformance and financial condition than does the cash basis. Also, the accrual basis increases the comparability of financial statements from one period to the next.Thus, business decision makers generally prefer the accrual basis.3. Businesses that have major seasonal variations in sales are most likely to select thenatural business year as the fiscal year.4. A prepaid expense is an item paid for in advance of receiving its benefits. As such, itis reported as an asset on the balance sheet.5. Long-term tangible plant assets such as equipment, buildings, and machinery leadto adjustments for depreciation. Generally, land is the only long-term tangible plant asset that does not require depreciation.6. The Accumulated Depreciation contra account is used for depreciation. It providesfinancial statement users with additional information about the relative age of the assets. Without the contra account information, the reader would not be able to tell whether the assets are new or in need of replacement.7. Unearned revenue refers to cash received in advance of providing products andservices. Another name for unearned revenue is deferred revenue. It is reported asa liability on the balance sheet.8. Accrued revenue is revenue that is earned but is not yet received in cash (and/orother assets) and the customer has not been billed prior to the end of the period.Therefore, end-of-period adjustments are made to record accrued revenue.Examples are interest income that has been earned but not collected and revenues from services performed that are neither collected nor billed.9.A If prepaid expenses are initially recorded with debits to expense accounts, then theprepaid expenses asset accounts are debited in the adjusting entries.10. For Best Buy, all of the accounts under the category of Property and Equipment(except for Land), require adjusting entries. The expense related to the depreciation expense account would be understated on the income statement if Best Buy fails to adjust these asset accounts. If the adjusting entries are not made, net income would be overstated. Note: Students might also correctly identify accounts receivable, goodwill, and tradenames as needing adjustment.11. Circuit City must make adjusting entries to Prepaid expenses and other currentassets; Deferred income taxes; Accrued expenses and other current liabilities;Accrued income taxes; and possibly other assets and liabilities such as Receivables for bad debts. (It is also possible that Circuit City would need to adjust Goodwill and Other intangible assets.)12. RadioShack would need to debit interest receivable and credit interest revenue.13. The Accrued Wages Expense would be reported as part of “Accrued Expenses” onCash AccountingRevenues (cash receipts) ...................................................... $52,000Expenses (cash payments: $37,500 - $6,000 + $3,250) ...... 34,750Net income ............................................................................. $17,250 Accrual AccountingRevenues (earned) ................................................................ $60,000Expenses (incurred) .............................................................. 37,500Net income .............................................................................. $22,500 Quick Study 3-2 (10 minutes)a. AE Accrued expensesb. PE Prepaid expensesc. UR Unearned revenuesd. PE Prepaid expenses (Depreciation)e. AR Accrued revenuesa. Debit Unearned Revenue Balance SheetCredit Revenue Earned Income Statementb. Debit Wages Expense Income StatementCredit Wages Payable Balance Sheetc. Debit Accounts Receivable Balance SheetCredit Revenue Earned Income Statementd. Debit Insurance Expense Income StatementCredit Prepaid Insurance Balance Sheete. Debit Depreciation Expense Income StatementCredit Accumulated Depreciation Balance SheetQuick Study 3-4 (15 minutes)a. Insurance Expense ....................................................... 3,000Prepaid Insurance ................................................. 3,000 To record 6-month insurance coverage expired.b. Supplies Expense ......................................................... 4,150Supplies .................................................................. 4,150 To record supplies used during the year.($900 + $4,000 – [?] = $750)Quick Study 3-5 (15 minutes)a. Depreciation Expense—Equipment ............................ 8,400Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment ............. 8,400 To record depreciation expense for the year.($45,000 - $3,000) / 5 years = $8,400b. No depreciation adjustments are made for land asit is expected to last indefinitely.Salaries Expense (400)Salaries Payable (400)To record salaries incurred but not yet paid.[One student earns $100 x 4 days, Mondaythrough Thursday]Quick Study 3-7 (15 minutes)a. Unearned Revenue ........................................................ 22,500Legal Revenue ....................................................... 22,500 To recognize legal revenue earned (30,000 x 3/4).b. Unearned Subscription Revenue ................................ 1,200Subscription Revenue ........................................... 1,200 To recognize subscription revenue earned.[100 x ($24 / 12 months) x 6 months]1. Accrue salaries expense e ga f2. Adjust the Unearned Services Revenue accountto recognize earned revenueb f3. Record the earning of services revenue for whichcash will be received the following periodQuick Study 3-9 (10 minutes)The answer is a.ExplanationThe debit balance in Prepaid Insurance was reduced by $400, implying a $400 debit to Insurance Expense. The credit balance in Interest Payable increased by $800, implying an $800 debit to Interest Expense.The answer is 2.ExplanationInsurance premium errorUnderstates expenses (and overstates assets) by .......... $1,600 Accrued salaries errorUnderstates expenses (and understates liabilities) by .... 1,000The collective effects from this company’s errors follow:Understates expenses by ..................................................... $2,600Overstates assets by ............................................................. $1,600Understates liabilities by ...................................................... $1,000 Quick Study 3-11 (10 minutes)Profit margin = $78,750 / $630,000 = 12.5%Interpretation: For each dollar that records as revenue, it earns 12.5 cents in net income. Miller’s 12.5% is markedly lower than competitors’ average profit margin of 15%—it must improve performance.Quick Study 3-12A (5 minutes)1. B 4. A2. F 5. D3. C 6. EExercise 3-2 (25 minutes)a. Depreciation Expense—Equipment ................................ 16,000Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment..................... 16,000 To record depreciation expense for the year.b. Insurance Expense ........................................................... 5,360Prepaid Insurance* ....................................................... 5,360 To record insurance coverage that expired($6,000 - $640).c. Office Supplies Expense .................................................. 3,422Office Supplies**............................................................ 3,422 To record office supplies used ($325 + $3,480 - $383).d. Unearned Fee Revenue .................................................... 3,000Fee Revenue .................................................................. 3,000 To record earned portion of fee received in advance($15,000 x 1/5).e. Insurance Expense ........................................................... 6,160Prepaid Insurance ......................................................... 6,160 To record insurance coverage that expired.f. Wages Expense ................................................................. 2,700Wages Payable .............................................................. 2,700 To record wages accrued but not yet paid.a. Unearned Fee Revenue .................................................... 5,000Fee Revenue .................................................................. 5,000 To record earned portion of fee received in advance($15,000 x 1/3).b. Wages Expense ................................................................. 7,500Wages Payable .............................................................. 7,500 To record wages accrued but not yet paid.c. Depreciation Expense—Equipment ................................ 17,251Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment..................... 17,251 To record depreciation expense for the year.d. Office Supplies Expense .................................................. 5,682Office Supplies*............................................................. 5,682 To record office supplies used ($240 + $6,102 - $660).e. Insurance Expense ........................................................... 2,700Prepaid Insurance†........................................................ 2,700 To record insurance coverage expired ($4,000 - $1,300).f. Interest Receivable ......................................................... 1,400Interest Revenue ........................................................ 1,400 To record interest earned but not yet received.g. Interest Expense ............................................................. 2,000Interest Payable........................................................... 2,000 To record interest incurred but not yet paid.a. Adjusting entry2009Dec. 31 Wages Expense (825)Wages Payable (825)To record accrued wages for one day.(5 workers x $165)b. Payday entry2010Jan. 4 Wages Expense.......................................................2,475Wages Payable (825)Cash .....................................................................3,300To record accrued and current wages.Wages expense = 5 workers x 3 days x $165Cash = 5 workers x 4 days x $165Exercise 3-5 (15 minutes)a. $ 2,000b. $ 6,607c. $11,987d. $ 1,375Proof: (a) (b) (c) (d) Supplies available – prior year-end ......... $ 350 $1,855 $ 1,576 $1,375 Supplies purchased in current year ........ 2,450 6,307 11,987 6,907 Total supplies available ............................ 2,800 8,162 13,563 8,282 Supplies available – current year-end ..... (800) (6,607) (2,056) (800) Supplies expense for current year........... $2,000 $1,555 $11,507 $7,482a.Apr. 30 Legal Fees Expense ........................................... 4,500Legal Fees Payable ..................................... 4,500 To record accrued legal fees.May 12 Legal Fees Payable ............................................ 4,500Cash ............................................................. 4,500 To pay accrued legal fees.b.Apr. 30 Interest Expense ................................................. 1,900Interest Payable .......................................... 1,900 To record accrued interest expense($5,700 x 10/30).May 20 Interest Payable .................................................. 1,900Interest Expense ................................................. 3,800Cash ............................................................. 5,700 To record payment of accrued and currentinterest expense ($5,700 x 20/30).c.Apr. 30 Salaries Expense ................................................ 4,800Salaries Payable.......................................... 4,800 To record accrued salaries($12,000 x 2/5 week).May 3 Salaries Payable ................................................. 4,800Salaries Expense ................................................ 7,200Cash ............................................................. 12,000 To record payment of accrued andcurrent salaries ($12,000 x 3/5 week).Basis*Basis Basis**Basis Dec. 31, 2007 ........$14,450 $0 2007 ..........$ 850 $15,300 Dec. 31, 2008 ........9,350 0 2008 ..........5,100 0 Dec. 31, 2009 ........4,250 0 2009 .......... 5,100 0 Dec. 31, 2010 ........0 0 2010 .......... 4,250 0$15,300 $15,300 Explanations:*Accrual asset balance equals months left in the policy x $425 per month (monthly cost is computed as $15,300 / 36 months).Months Left Balance12/31/2007 .. 34 $14,45012/31/2008 .. 22 9,35012/31/2009 .. 10 4,25012/31/2010 .. 0 0**Accrual insurance expense equals months covered in the year x $425 per month.Months Covered Expense2007 ............ 2 $ 8502008 ............12 5,1002009 ............12 5,1002010 ............10 4,250$15,300Dec. 31 Accounts Receivable ............................................. 1,980Fees Earned ..................................................... 1,980 To record earned but unbilled fees (30% x $6,600).31 Unearned Fees ........................................................ 4,620Fees Earned ..................................................... 4,620 To record earned fees collected in advance(70% x $6,600).31 Depreciation Expense—Computers ..................... 1,650Accumulated Depreciation-Computers ........ 1,650 To record depreciation on computers.31 Depreciation Expense—Office Furniture ............. . 1,925A ccumulated Depreciation—Office Furniture ... 1,925To record depreciation on office furniture.31 Salaries Expense .................................................... 2,695Salaries Payable.............................................. 2,695 To record accrued salaries.31 Insurance Expense.................................................. 1,430Prepaid Insurance ........................................... 1,430 To record expired prepaid insurance.31 Rent Expense (700)Rent Payable (700)To record accrued rent expense.31 Office Supplies Expense (528)Office Supplies (528)To record use of office supplies.31 Advertising Expense (500)Advertising Payable (500)To record accrued advertising expense.31 Utilities Expense (77)Utilities Payable (77)To record incurred and unpaid utility costs.a. $ 6,039 / $ 52,970 = 11.4%b. $100,890 / $ 471,430 = 21.4%c. $106,880 / $ 301,920 = 35.4%d. $ 67,140 / $1,721,520 = 3.9%e. $ 84,780 / $ 513,800 = 16.5%Analysis and Interpretation: Company c has the highest profitability according to the profit margin ratio. Company c earns 35.4 cents in net income for every one dollar of net sales earned.Exercise 3-10A (30 minutes)a.Dec. 1 Supplies Expense ................................................... 2,000Cash ................................................................. 2,000 Purchased supplies.b.Dec. 2 Insurance Expense ................................................. 1,540Cash ................................................................. 1,540 Paid insurance premiums.c.Dec. 15 Cash ......................................................................... 13,000Remodeling Fees Earned ............................... 13,000 Received fees for work to be done.d.Dec. 28 Cash ......................................................................... 3,700Remodeling Fees Earned ............................... 3,700 Received fees for work to be done.e.Dec. 31 Supplies .................................................................. 1,840Supplies Expense ........................................... 1,840 Adjust expenses for unused supplies.f.Dec. 31 Prepaid Insurance .................................................. 1,200Insurance Expense ......................................... 1,200 Adjust expenses for unexpired coverage($1,540 - $340).g.Dec. 31 Remodeling Fees Earned ..................................... 11,130Unearned Remodeling Fees .......................... 11,130 Adjusted revenues for unfinished projects($13,000 + 3,700 - $5,570).a. Initial credit recorded in the Unearned Fees accountJuly 1 Cash ....................................................................... 2,800Unearned Fees .............................................. 2,800 Received fees for work to be done for Solana.6 Cash ....................................................................... 8,100Unearned Fees .............................................. 8,100 Received fees for work to be done for Haru.12 Unearned Fees ...................................................... 2,800Fees Earned ................................................... 2,800 Completed work for Solana.18 Cash ....................................................................... 7,300Unearned Fees .............................................. 7,300 Received fees for work to be done for Jordan.27 Unearned Fees ...................................................... 8,100Fees Earned ................................................... 8,100 Completed work for customer Haru.31 No adjusting entries required.b. Initial credit recorded in the Fees Earned accountJuly 1 Cash ....................................................................... 2,800Fees Earned ................................................... 2,800 Received fees for work to be done for Solana.6 Cash ....................................................................... 8,100Fees Earned ................................................... 8,100 Received fees for work to be done for Haru.12 No entry required.18 Cash ....................................................................... 7,300Fees Earned ................................................... 7,300 Received fees for work to be done for Jordan.27 No entry required.31 Fees Earned .......................................................... 7,300Unearned Fees .............................................. 7,300 Adjusted to reflect unearned fees for unfinishedjob for Jordan.c. Under the first method (and using entries from a)Unearned Fees = $2,800 + $8,100 - $2,800 + $7,300 - $8,100 = $7,300 Fees Earned = $2,800 + $8,100 = $10,900Unearned Fees = $7,300Fees Earned = $2,800 + $8,100 + $7,300 - $7,300 = $10,9001. I 5. G 9. H2. D 6. C 10. E3. F 7. I 11. H4. B 8. A 12. BProblem 3-2A (35 minutes)Part 1Adjustment (a)Dec. 31 Office Supplies Expense ................................ 12,325Office Supplies ......................................... 12,325 To record cost of supplies used($2,900 + $11,977 - $2,552).Adjustment (b)31 Insurance Expense .......................................... 12,280Prepaid Insurance .................................... 12,280B 290 ($10,440/36 mo.) 9 2,610C 770 ($ 9,240 /12 mo.) 5 3,850Total $12,280Adjustment (c)31 Salaries Expense ............................................. 3,660Salaries Payable....................................... 3,660 To record accrued but unpaid wages(2 days x $1,830).Adjustment (d)Dec. 31 Depreciation Expense—Building ................... 18,875Accumulated Depreciation—Building ... 18,875 To record annual depreciation expense[($800,000 -$45,000) / 40 years = $18,875]Adjustment (e)31 Rent Receivable ............................................ 3,000Rent Earned ........................................... 3,000 To record earned but unpaid Dec. rent.Adjustment (f)31 Unearned Rent .............................................. 5,436Rent Earned ........................................... 5,436 To record the amount of rent earned forNovember and December (2 x $2,718).Part 2Cash Payment for (c)Jan. 6 Salaries Payable ........................................... 3,660Salaries Expense* ........................................ 5,490Cash ....................................................... 9,150 To record payment of accrued andcurrent salaries. *(3 days x $1,830)Cash Payment for (e)15Cash ............................................................... 6,000Rent Receivable .................................... 3,000Rent Earned ........................................... 3,000 To record past due rent for two months.Part 2Adjustment (a)Dec. 31 Insurance Expense ...............................................3,000Prepaid Insurance ...........................................3,000 To record the insurance expired.Adjustment (b)31 Teaching Supplies Expense ................................9,000Teaching Supplies ..........................................9,000 To record supplies used ($11,000 - $2,000).Adjustment (c)31 Depreciation Expense—Equipment ....................10,000Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment ............10,000 To record equipment depreciation.Adjustment (d)31 Depreciation Expense—Profess. Library ...........5,000A ccumul. Depreciation—Profess. Library.........5,000To record professional library depreciation.Adjustment (e)31 Unearned Training Fees .......................................5,000Training Fees Earned .....................................5,000 To record 2 months’ training fees earnedthat were collected in advance.Adjustment (f)31 Accounts Receivable ............................................4,000Tuition Fees Earned........................................4,000 To record tuition earned($1,600 x 2 1/2 months).Adjustment (g)31 Salaries Expense (480)Salaries Payable (480)To record accrued salaries(2 days x $120 x 2 employees).Adjustment (h)31 Rent Expense ........................................................2,178Prepaid Rent ....................................................2,178 To record expiration of prepaid rent.Part 3WELLS TEACHING INSTITUTEAdjusted Trial BalanceDecember 31, 2009Debit Credit Cash .......................................................................... $ 28,064Accounts receivable ................................................ 4,000Teaching supplies ................................................... 2,000Prepaid insurance .................................................... 13,000Prepaid rent 0Professional library ................................................. 33,000 Accumulated depreciation—Professional library ... $ 15,000 Equipment ................................................................ 75,800 Accumulated depreciation—Equipment ................ 25,000 Accounts payable .................................................... 39,500 Salaries payable . (480)Unearned training fees ............................................ 7,500 T. Wells, Capital ....................................................... 71,000 T. Wells, Withdrawals .............................................. 44,000Tuition fees earned .................................................. 115,000 Training fees earned ................................................ 46,000 Depreciation expense—Professional library ........ 5,000 Depreciation expense—Equipment ....................... 10,000Salaries expense ..................................................... 52,480Insurance expense................................................... 3,000Rent expense ............................................................ 26,136Teaching supplies expense .................................... 9,000 Advertising expense ................................................ 8,000Utilities expense....................................................... 6,000 _______ Totals ........................................................................ $319,480 $319,480Part 4WELLS TEACHING INSTITUTEIncome StatementFor Year Ended December 31, 2009RevenuesTuition fees earned ............................................ $115,000Training fees earned .......................................... 46,000Total revenues .................................................... $161,000 ExpensesDepreciation expense—Professional library ... 5,000Depreciation expense—Equipment .................. 10,000Salaries expense ................................................ 52,480Insurance expense ............................................. 3,000Rent expense ...................................................... 26,136Teaching supplies expense ............................... 9,000Advertising expense .......................................... 8,000Utilities expense ................................................. 6,000Total expenses ................................................... 119,616 Net income ............................................................ $ 41,384WELLS TEACHING INSTITUTEStatement of Owner’s EquityFor Year Ended December 31, 2009T. Wells, Capital, December 31, 2008 ................................. $ 71,000 Plus: Net income .................................................................. 41,384112,384 Less: Withdrawals by owner ............................................... 44,000 T. Wells, Capital, December 31, 2009 ................................. $ 68,384Problem 3-3A (Concluded)WELLS TEACHING INSTITUTEBalance SheetDecember 31, 2009AssetsCash ................................................................................. $ 28,064 Accounts receivable ...................................................... 4,000 Teaching supplies .......................................................... 2,000 Prepaid insurance .......................................................... 13,000 Professional library ........................................................ $33,000 Accumulated depreciation—Professional library ....... (15,000) 18,000 Equipment ....................................................................... 75,800 Accumulated depreciation—Equipment ...................... (25,000) 50,800 Total assets ..................................................................... $115,864LiabilitiesAccounts payable ........................................................... $ 39,500 Salaries payable . (480)Unearned training fees .................................................. 7,500 Total liabilities ................................................................ 47,480EquityT. Wells, Capital .............................................................. 68,384 Total liabilities and equity ............................................. $115,864Problem 3-4A (45 minutes) —Part 1Cash ......................................... $ 86,000 $ 86,000 Accounts receivable ........... 15,000 (a) 4,000 19,000Office supplies ...................... 17,800 (b) 8,800 9,000Prepaid insurance ................ 6,040 (c) 2,080 3,960Office equipment .................. 87,000 87,000 Accumulated depreciation—Office equipment ........... $ 24,000 (d) 2,000 $ 26,000 Accounts payable ................ 9,100 (e) 14,900 24,000 Interest payable ..................... (f) 2,500 2,500 Salaries payable ................... (g) 15,000 15,000 Unearned consulting fees .20,000 (h) 7,000 13,000 Long-term notes payable .. 54,000 54,000 K. Jenkins, Capital ............... 46,000 46,000 K. Jenkins, Withdrawals .... 10,000 10,000Consulting feesearned .................................... 165,000 (a)(h)4,0007,000 176,000Depreciation expense—Office equipment ................ (d) 2,000 2,000Salaries expense .................. 67,990 (g) 15,000 82,990Interest expense ................... 1,270 (f) 2,500 3,770 Insurance expense .............. (c) 2,080 2,080Rent expense ........................ 14,540 14,540Office supplies expense .... (b) 8,800 8,800 Advertising expense ........... 12,460 _______ (e) 14,900 ______ 27,360 _______ Totals ........................................ $318,100 $318,100 $56,280 $56,280 $356,500 $356,500 Adjustment description(a) Earned but uncollected revenues.(b) Cost of office supplies used.(c) Cost of expired insurance coverage.(d) Depreciation expense on office equipment.(e) Incurred but unpaid advertising expense.(f) Incurred but unpaid interest expense.(g) Incurred but unpaid salaries expense.(h) Earned revenues previously received in advance.。
会计学原理-约翰·J·怀尔德版-上海交通大学-05
Purchases
Credit Sale
Cash collection Purchases
Cash sales
Account receivable
Merchandise inventory
Merchandise inventory
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Credit sales
Dr. Jun. 20 Merchandise Inventory Cash Purchase merchandise for cash 14,000 14,000 Cr.
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P1
Trade Discounts
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P1
Merchandise Purchases
On June 20, Jason, Inc. purchased $14,000 of Merchandise Inventory paying cash.
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Procedural Learning Objectives
P1: Analyze and record transactions for merchandise purchases using a perpetual system P2: Analyze and record transactions for merchandise sales using a perpetual system P3: Prepare adjustments and close accounts for a merchandising company P4: Define and prepare multiple-step and single-step income statements P5: Appendix 5A: Record and compare merchandising transactions using both periodic and perpetual inventory systems
会计学原理怀尔德
会计学原理怀尔德会计学原理是会计学的基础，它涵盖了会计学的基本概念、原则和方法，对于理解和掌握会计学的相关知识具有重要意义。
怀尔德（Wild）在其著作《会计学原理》中系统地阐述了会计学的基本原理和方法，以下是对该书及其会计学原理的详细介绍：一、作者及书籍信息•作者：约翰·怀尔德（John J. Wild）•书名：《会计学原理》•出版社：中国人民大学出版社（具体版本可能有所不同，如第25版等）二、会计学原理的主要内容怀尔德在《会计学原理》中详细阐述了会计学的基本原理，这些原理构成了会计学的框架和基础，指导着会计实践。
以下是一些主要原理：1.会计基本假设：o货币计量：企业的经济活动应以货币为计量单位进行记录和报告。
o企业实体：企业与其所有者应当被视为两个独立的经济实体。
o会计期间：企业的经济活动应当划分为若干个会计期间进行记录和报告。
o持续经营：企业应当被视为长期持续经营的。
2.会计基本原则：o会计等式：资产等于负债加所有者权益，这是会计学的基础等式。
o收入确认原则：企业应当在收入实现时确认收入，而不是在承诺或预期时确认。
o成本原则：企业应当以历史成本进行资产和负债的计量。
o货币计量原则（与会计基本假设中的货币计量相呼应）：企业应当以货币为计量单位进行记录和报告。
o全面收入原则：企业应当在一定会计期间内全面确认收入。
3.会计的基本约束：o成本效益约束：企业在进行会计信息披露时，应当考虑信息披露的成本和效益。
o专业判断约束：会计人员在进行专业判断时，应当遵循会计学原理和职业道德准则。
o时间约束：企业应当在一定时间内完成会计信息的记录和报告。
三、会计学原理的应用怀尔德在书中不仅阐述了会计学原理，还强调了这些原理在会计实践中的应用。
例如：•在财务会计中，企业需要遵循一系列会计原则和规则，以确保财务信息的真实性和公正性。
这些原则包括会计实体原则、持续经营原则、会计期间原则等。
•在管理会计中，企业需要关注成本控制、绩效评价等方面，并遵循成本-效益原则、信息反馈原则等。
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Procedural Chapter Objectives
P1: Prepare and explain adjusting entries P2: Explain and prepare an adjusted trial balance P3: Prepare financial statements from an adjusted trial balance P4: Appendix A: Identify and explain alternatives in accounting for prepaids
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Analytical Chapter Objectives
A1: Explain how accounting adjustments link to financial statements A2: Compute profit margin and describe its use in analyzing company performance
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Paid (or received) cash before expense (or revenue) recognized Paid (or received) cash after expense (or revenue) recognized
Prepaid (Deferred) expenses*
Not GAAP
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C2
Accrual Basis vs. Cash Basis
FastForward paid $2,400 for a 24-month insurance policy beginning December 1, 2007.
Insurance Expense 2007 Jan Feb Mar Apr $ May Sep $ Jun Oct $ Jul Nov $ Aug Dec
Example:
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$ 2,400
On the cash basis the entire $2,400 would be recognized as insurance expense in 2007. No insurance expense from this policy would be recognized in 2008 or 2009, periods covered by the policy.
Dec. 31 Insurance Expense Prepaid Insurance 2,000 2,000
To record first month's expired insurance
Prepaid Insurance Dec. 1 12,000 Dec. 31 Bal. 10,000
128
Debit Adjustment
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On December 1, 2007, Scott Company paid $12,000 for insurance for December 2007 through May 2008. Scott recorded the expenditure as Prepaid Insurance on December 1. What adjustment is required?
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会计期末， 会计期末，需要调账 (adjusting entries)以符 合财务报表编制的需要
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C2
Recognizing Revenues & Expenses
Revenue Recognition
We have delivered the product to our customer, so I think we should record the revenue earned.
Chapter 3
Adjusting Accounts and Preparing Financial Statements
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Accounting Cycle
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Resources paid for prior to receiving the actual benefits.
Asset
Unadjusted Balance Credit Adjustment
Here is the check for my first six months’ rent.
Expense
Dec. 31 Supplies Expense Supplies
Supplies 126 Bought 15,500 Dec. 31 12,845 Bal. 2,655
12,845 12,845
Supplies Expense Dec. 31 12,845
652
To record supplies used during 2007
Transaction Analysis Journalization Posting Trial Balance Adjustments Adjusted Trial Balance Financial Statement Preparation Closing
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Conceptual Chapter Objectives
C1: Explain the importance of periodic reporting and the time period principle C2: Explain accrual accounting and how it improves financial statements C3: Identify the types of adjustments and their purpose
Now that we have recognized the revenue, let’s see what expenses we incurred to generate that revenue.
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C2
Accrual Basis vs. Cash Basis
Accrual Basis Revenues are recognized when earned and expenses are recognized when incurred.
Accounting
Cash Basis Revenues are recognized when cash is received and expenses recorded when cash is paid.
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C1
Recognizing Revenues & Expenses
Revenue Recognition Matching
Summary of Expenses
Rent Gasoline Advertising Salaries Utilities and . . . . $1,000 500 2,000 3,000 450 ....
Unearned (Deferred) revenues
Accrued expense
Accrued revenues
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*including depreciation
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P1
Adjusting Prepaid (Deferred) Expenses
C1
The Accounting Period
Annually
1 2
Semiannually
1 2
3 4 5 6 7
3
8 9 10
4
11 12
Quarterly
1 2
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May Jun Jul
Aug Sep Oct
Nov Dec
Monthly
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Insurance Expense 2009 Jan Feb Mar Apr $ $ $ 100 May 100 Sep 100 $ $ $ 100 Jun 100 Oct 100 $ $ $ 100 Jul 100 Nov 100 $ $ $ 100 Aug 100 Dec -