参考资料大学英语语法-主谓一致 (1)

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英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间，即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。

主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致，就近一致，意义一致。

1.两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。

Both Jack and Tim are diving.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.✧特别注意：用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体如：bread and butter（黄油抹面包），knife and fork（刀叉）等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.威士忌酒加苏打水是他是喜爱的饮品。

2.集合名词如public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等作主语时, 如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。

His family is a large one. ( 强调整体)The family are all music lovers. (指家庭成员) 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。

people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.3.Everybody everything everyone somebody something someone anything anybody nobody nothing✧当这些词做主语时，谓语动词用单数，如Someone is asking for you.Nothing is found in the room.4.书名、时间、距离、价格、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

英语中主谓一致知识点总结

英语中主谓一致知识点总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致的规则。

下面是一些主谓一致的知识点总结：一般情况下，主谓在人称和数上保持一致。

即，单数主语使用单数谓语动词，而复数主语使用复数谓语动词。

例子：He runs every morning. （他每天早上跑步。

）They run every morning. （他们每天早上跑步。

）若主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词要加上“-s”或者“-es”。

例子：He speaks English fluently. （他英语讲得很流利。

）She studies math every day. （她每天都学数学。

）若主语为第一人称复数或第二人称复数形式，谓语动词不加“-s”。

例子：We like to play soccer. （我们喜欢踢足球。

）You have to finish your homework. （你们必须完成作业。

）若主语为集体名词，根据语境决定是否使用单数或复数形式的谓语动词。

例子：The team is practicing for the game. （队伍正在为比赛进行练习。

）The team are having a meeting before the game. （队伍在比赛前开会。

）若主语为连接词（如and, or, neither...nor, either...or），谓语动词的形式要根据最接近的主语决定。

例子：John and Mary are siblings. （约翰和玛丽是兄妹。

）Neither the book nor the movie is interesting. （这本书和电影都不有趣。

）需要注意的是，有些名词，尽管是复数形式，但是在表示某个整体的时候可以当作单数，所以用单数谓语动词。

例子：My pants is too tight. （我的裤子太紧。

）Physics is a difficult subject. （物理是一个难的学科。

大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)

个性化教学辅导教案学员姓名：任课教师：黄老师所授科目：__英语___4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。

如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注意：①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。

如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。

如：None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。

这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。

如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。

如：The police are looking for the lost child.7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。

2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。

（1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。

主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.（2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。

主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.（3）就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。

并列主语的谓语一致1.And（1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。

Tom and Jack are close friends.（2）两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.（3）被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。

every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。

Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.（4）一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。

Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。

Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.（5）由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数What he says and does do not agree.（言行不一致）What he says and does does not concern me.2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。

高考英语主谓一致知识点总结

高考英语主谓一致知识点总结高考英语主谓一致知识1(一) 语法一致原则即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。

(完整word版)英语专业四级语法之主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致即句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。

大致有三个基本原则：1．语法一致原则，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语如是复数形式，谓语动词则相应的为复数形式。

2．意义一致原则，即主语、谓语不参照主语的语法形式，而是取决与主语所表述的实际意义为单数还是复数。

3．就近原则，即谓语动词和它最相邻的名词、代词或其它词在人称或数上保持一致。

专四考点：1．语法一致✧当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as等词引起的短语时，位于动词与前面的主语一致。

如：Tom as well as two of his classmates was invited to the party. 汤姆和他的两个同学被邀请去参加聚会。

The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations. 该大学的校长准备和院长们一起开会制定校规。

✧如果主语是由“a committee of, a panel of, a/the board of + 复数名词”构成，谓语动词通常用单数。

如：A panel of scientific advisers to the agency is expected to make a formalrecommendation on Monday. 药监局的科学顾问小组将在周一提出正式建议。

The board of manager is responsible for the firm. 经理委员会对公司负责。

2．意义一致✧代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数。

专升本英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致一、概念：主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。

这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。

（一）、语法一致：主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B.was C. are D. were（1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。

例如：① My brother and I have both seen that film.② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.（2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式,这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例：① The st atesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.② War and peace is a constant theme in history.③ One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤ Law and order has been established.（3）这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

英语主谓一致十大总结(一)

前言在英语语法中，主谓一致是一个非常基础但又非常重要的知识点。

不管是在写作还是口语表达中，都需要正确使用主谓一致规则，以确保句子的表达清晰、准确。

下面将对英语主谓一致十大总结进行详细阐述。

一、基本规则主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

当主语是单数时，谓语动词要用单数形式；当主语是复数时，谓语动词要用复数形式。

二、特殊情况1. 连接词“and”连接的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

2. 连接词“or”、“nor”连接的主语，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。

3. 当主语是“every”、“each”、“either”、“neither”等词时，谓语动词用单数形式。

4. 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。

三、独立主格当主语是“there”时，谓语动词要与后面的真正主语保持一致。

四、定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致要与先行词保持一致。

五、数量词作主语当数量词作主语时，谓语动词取决于其后面的名词。

六、反身代词反身代词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据反身代词的人称和数来确定。

七、以复数形式结尾的词作主语以复数形式结尾的词作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式。

八、主语是集体名词集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于说话者对集体名词的看法。

九、there is/there are结构“there is/there are”结构中的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。

十、句子的倒装在倒装句中，谓语动词要与主语保持一致。

结尾通过以上总结，我们可以清晰地了解了英语主谓一致的基本规则和特殊情况。

在日常的写作和交流中，只有熟练掌握这些规则，才能在表达时避免语法错误，使我们的表达更加准确和通顺。

希望大家在学习英语的过程中多加注意主谓一致的使用，提高自己的语言表达能力。

(完整版)主谓一致

一致关系一、主谓一致在现代英语中主谓一致基本依照以下原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。

语法一致原则就是依照主语的语法形式决定其谓语动词的语法形式。

比方：My daughter watches television after supper.My daughters watch television after supper.A letter has been sent to every student.Two letters have been sent to every students.To treat them in that way is unfair. Smoking cigarettes is dangerous to your health.意义一致原则指主谓之间的一致关系不是由主语的语法形式来决定，而是由主谓所表达的意义来决定。

形式是单数的主语，其谓语有可能是复数形式；反之，形式是复数的主语，其谓语有可能是单数。

比方：The government have broken all their promises.The class are doing experiments on heat and light.The council are of two opinions.The United States is a country advanced in science and technology. Ten dollars is all I have left.Two thirds of the area is under water.就近原则，指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最凑近它的词语，而主语又不仅一个时，谓语平时和最凑近它的主语一致。

比方：Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.Neither she nor I am wet.Either you or he was in the wrong.上述三条原则的详尽应用则比较复杂，以下几点应予以注意：1．谓语动词单数的情况（1）不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

新编英语语法教程复习资料

★…★ 1.主谓一致主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。

指导原则(1)语法一致语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致eg.A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式）语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.]Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式）语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.(2)意义一致和就近原则意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。

补充解释和例句见书P22就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。

常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or, either…or…，neither… nor …，not only… but also …等.例句见书P23,英语中，有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语，此时，谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。

如：(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room. 他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。

There are five chairs and a desk in his room. 他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。

(2) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there. 要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。

Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there 是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去结尾的名词作主语(1)以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称(2)以-ics结尾的学科名称(3))(4)以-s结尾的地理名称(5)其他以-s结尾的名词以集合名词作主语(1)通常作复数的集体名词见书P27【注】goods(货物), clothes(衣服)只有复数形式，且只表示复数意义：Such clothes are very cheap. 那样的衣服很便宜。

大学英语语法规则记忆口诀

大学英语语法规则记忆口诀
1. 主谓一致
一主一谓不冲突，
复数主语用复数谓；
主语为单数谓不变，
助动词后面非要求。

2. 形容词和副词
形容词修饰名词来，
副词修饰动词皆可用；
形容词后面加名词，
副词来修饰动词行。

3. 时态和语态
过去现在将来时，
合适时态运用提；
主动被动口诀混，
加“ed”和done使句完。

4. 名词性从句
连接代词和连接词，
主语宾语和表语分；
她它一切关系词，
引导从句作句成。

5. 虚拟语气
与事实相反用虚拟，
与现在有关用现在虚；
与将来相反将来虚，
用过去变化亦通用。

6. 并列连接
and还有both，also，too，not only either用来扩；
or连接两项进行选，
but与however转折用。

7. 介词短语
介词加名词构介短，
修饰名词动词可用；在句首意义强烈，
句中后面也很好。

8. 定语从句
引导定语从句来说明，关系代词关系副词用；先行词前面放从句，修饰名词常表情绪。

9. 被动语态
被动口诀记心头，
及物动词后加宾语；情态动词也可拙，
不能忘记加“be”。

10. 句子类型
各种句子类型梳理清，陈述疑问祈使感叹；标点符号要准确，
语气调调把握好。

以上是一些大学英语语法规则的记忆口诀，希望对您有所帮助。

英语中重要知识点--主谓一致

主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。

例如：There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。

这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。

本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。

后面的职务用and 相连。

这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

主谓一致语法归纳

主谓一致一、单数名词做主语时的主谓一致1.集合名词与谓语动词的一致（1）集合名词做主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如表示成员则用复数。

常见的这部分名词有army, audience, class, club, committee, company, crowd, family, group, government, organization, party, personnel,public, staff, team, union, crew等。

注意：若以上集合名词表示组成该集合体的分散个体时，与其对应的人称代词也因该使用they, them,或their.（2）有些集合名词，如cattle,folk,people,police,poultry（家禽）等做主语，总是跟复数动词形式。

（3）有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如machinery（机械），equipment（设备）,clothing, luggage, furniture,jewelry等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。

2.单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致单复数同形的名词作主语，要根据上下文以及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式。

常见的这部分名词有aircraft, crossroads, deer, fish, headquarters, means,series, sheep, species, works等注意:fishes表示“各种各样的鱼”3.表示成双成套的名词，如trousers,shoes, glasses, compasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

二、复数名词作主语时的主谓一致1.以”s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。

2.表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以”s”结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。

3.以”ics”结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式，当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。

英语语法---主谓一致

第一讲主谓一致“一致”（Concord 或Agreement）是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。

主要有主语与动词的一致，主语与补语的一致，限定词与名词中心词的一致，人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致，名词与名词或代词的一致。

“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系，这又叫做“主——动一致”（Subject ——verb Concord）。

1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组)，即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord)，意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。

1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数，动词就用复数形式；如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词，动词就用单数形式。

例如：Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。

有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词就用复数；主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词用单数。

例如：The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式，而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。

英语语法主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致;主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致;语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致;意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致;就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致..表里不一主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象1;"more than one +名词"作主语时;谓语动词常用单数.例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花. 2;"many a +名词"作主语时;从意义上看是复数;但谓语动词常用单数.例如：Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树.3;"half of ;the rest of ;most of ;all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时;谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如：Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.4;all指人时;动词用复数；all指物时;动词用单数.例如："All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了;一切进展顺利5;what引导的主语从句;谓语动词可视表语而定：表语是单数名词时;动词用单数;相反;则用复数.例如：What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书.6;and连接的两个单数名词前若用each ;every ;no修饰;该名词短语作主语时;谓语动词用单数形式.例如：No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.7;当主语后面有as well as ;with ;along with ;together with ;but ;like ;rather than ;except;逗号加and连接几个名词等引导的短语时;谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如：My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京.8;each作主语的同位语时;谓语动词由主语来决定;与each无关.例如：They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车.9;动词不定式;动词-ing形式短语作主语时;谓语动词常用单数.例如：Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.10;the following作主语时;谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如：The following are good examples下面是一些好例子.11;以-ics结尾的学科名词;如politics ;physics ;mathematics等作主语时;谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news ;works ;plastics等同属此类.例如：Politics is now taught in all schools. 现在各学校都开设政治课.当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时;用作复数;如：mathematics运算能力politics政治观点economics经济意义等..12;有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数trousers ;glasses ;shoes .shorts .scissors .scales等作主语时;前面若有"一条";"一副";"一把"之类的单位词;动词用单数；若没有单位词或单位词是复数;则谓语动词用复数.例如：The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子都很合适.还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数：arms武器.clothes .contents .minutes记录.remains遗体.thanks等13;"one and a half +名词"作主语时;谓语动词要用单数.例如：One and a half apples is left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果.14;"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时;谓语动词用复数.例如：One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙.15;"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中;定语从句的谓语动词要用复数；而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中;"the one of + 复数名词+定语从句"定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如：He is one of the students who get there on time.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.16;表示时间;距离;金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时;谓语动词常用单数;但若强调数量;谓语动词可用复数.例如：One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百万美元是一大笔钱. -s结尾一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;如：arthritis ;bronchitis ;diabetes ;mumps ;phlebitis ;rickets;这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题;以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Darts is basically an easy game.但当Darts;Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时;谓语动词通常用作复数..例如：Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题;某些以-s结尾的地理名称;如果是国名;如the United States;the Netherlands等;因其是单一政治实体;所以谓语动词用作单数..例如：The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语;谓语动词用作复数..例如：The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题;某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时;如physics ;mathematics ;mechanics ;optics ;acoustics ;politics;st atistics ;economics ;linguistics ;athletics等;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：The third world economics is promising.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义;可作复数用..例如：Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题;.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语;英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词;如glasses ;pincers ;pliers ;scissors ;shorts ;suspenders ;trousers 等; 为复数名词;后接复数谓语集合名词1单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类.如：a class—classes; a family—families; a government—governments; anarmy—armies ;a people—peoples民族; a group—groups; a crowd—crowds; a crew—crews等.这类集合名词强调的是整体性;即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待.属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时;谓语动词用单数；复数形式作主语时;谓语动词用复数.例如A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.每个上午一大群人经常聚集在广场上The government has decided to pass the bill.政府已决定通过这一法案There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.星期天有大群大群的人在街上..There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.在世界上有许多讲英语的民族..但应注意;这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念;所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为"单复同形型"中.2单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体;即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内;所以只有单数形式.如作主语;谓语动词常用单数.这类名词常见的有：humanity ;mankind ;proletariat等.例如The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind. In the fields of production and scientific experiment ;mankind makes constant progress.3复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的;就是说它们只有单数形式;但表达的都是复数概念.它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有：police ;cattle ;faculty ;flock ;machinery ;vermin ;personnel等.它们作主语时;谓语动词要用复数.例如The police have caught the murder.Our personnel are very highly trained.The vermin are very dangerous.4单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时;用单数动词或复数动词均可;有时意义区别不大;具体看语境;是强调集体还是个体..例如The school teaching staff are is excellent.The public is are requested not to litter in the park.The teaching profession claims to be badly paid.这类集合名词常见的有：class;family;team;crew;board;herd;committee;party;jury;enemy;au dience等.根据说话人的心理意向若把这个集合名词所代表的人或事物看作一个整体;就认为是单数;用单数动词；若把它所代表的人或事物看作若干个个体的话;就认为其为复数;用复数动词.试比较：The football team is playing well.那个足球队打得非常漂亮. The football team are shavings bath and are then coming back here for tea. 足球队员们正在洗澡;然后来这里吃茶点.The family is a very happy one.那个家庭是一个非常幸福的家庭.That family are very pleased about the news of William's success. 全家人对威廉的成功都感到很高兴.典型例题1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连接时;如果它表示一个单一的概念;即指同一人或同一物时;谓语动词用is;and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词;共用一个冠词用单数;表示The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案 B. 注：先从时态上考虑.这是过去发生的事情应用过去时;先排除A.;C..本题易误选D;因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人;但仔细辨别;monitor 前没有the;在英语中;当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词.后面的职务用and 相连.这样本题主语为一个人;所以应选B.2 主谓一致中的就近原则当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时;谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致.There is a pen;a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.总的来说;在由not only…but also…;not just…but…;or;either…or…;neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中;谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理;即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式..如：Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week.Either you or she is to go.There is a pen ;a few envelops and some paper for you.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with ;together with ;like; except ;but ;no less than ;as well as 等词引起的短语时;谓语动词与前面的主语一致.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.4 谓语需用单数1 代词each和由every ;some ;no ;any等构成的复合代词作主语;或主语中含有each ;every;谓语需用单数.Each of us has a tape-recorder.There is something wrong with my watch.2 当主语是一本书或一条格言时;谓语动词常用单数.The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.<一千零一夜>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书.3 表示金钱;时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时;通常把这些名词看作一个整体;谓语一般用单数.用复数也可;意思不变.Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough.5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数1 在代词what ;which ;who ;none ;some ;any ;more ;most ;all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定.All is right. 一切顺利.All are present. 所有人都到齐了.2 集体名词作主语时;谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family ;team;group;club ;public ;audience ;crew ;crowd ;class ; company ;committee等词后用复数形式时;意为这个集体中的各个成员;用单数时表示该个集体.His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭.His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者.但集合名词people ;police ;cattle ;poultry家禽.militia民兵.vermin 害虫等在任何情况下都用复数形式.Are there any police around3有些名词;如variety ;number ;population ;proportion ;majority 等有时看作单数;有时看作复数.A number of +名词复数+动词的第三人称单数形式.The number of +名词复数+动词非第三人称单数形式.A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.6 与后接名词或代词保持一致1 用half of; part of ;most of ;a portion of 等词引起主语时;动词通常与of后面的名词;代词保持一致.Most of his money is spent on books.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.2 在一些短语;如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时;谓语动词多用单数形式.但由more than… of 作主语时;动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致.Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市.7 the+形容词/国籍形容词..表示一类人/一国人;作主语;谓语动词用复数..8 the+姓氏的复数;表示一家人或两夫妇;作主语时;谓语动词用复数;9四则运算时;谓语动词用单数..10 表示;时间;距离;重量;金额;书名的复数名词作主语时;通常当做整体看待;谓语动词用单数..。

英语语法大攻克--主谓一致(整理)

主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

例如：Tom is a good student.汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。

3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。

例如：The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。

Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。

The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。

例如：Many a student has been to Shanghai.许多学生到过上海。

主谓一致英语语法考点知识总结

主谓一致周容发布时间：2010-8-6 10:10:19英语中主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致;这种一致关系一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则、概念意义一致原则、毗邻一致原则;在用英语表达时,必须注意主谓一致,否则就容易出错;本文以三条原则为基础对英语主谓一致进行论述;1、语法上一致grammatial concord;主要指动词和主语在数和人称上的一致;传统语法规则大多符合这个原则;1〉主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式;例如：This girl is clever enough to study maths well.The masses have full confidence in the their leaders2〉、一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具,作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式,如glasses 眼镜,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses圆规,shopsticks,scissors,scales天平,spectacles眼镜,gloves,stochings,pants等;例如：His trousers have worn out .My glasses are new .但如果主语由“a kind of ,a pair of , a series of 等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式; 例如：A pair of shoes was in the box .“pair , piece + of + 名词或物主代词”作主语时,谓语动词与pair 和piece 等词保持一致,与of 之后的名词或代词无关;例如：The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple , 60 metres higher up the hill .They watched pairs of people who were sitting in college coffee—shops for at least an hour . 3〉、如果主语被more than one….或many a ….修饰时,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式;这符合语法一致原则;例如：More than one student has seen the film .Many a ship has been damaged in the storm .但是,“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式;例如：More members than one are against your plan .4〉、each , every , no 所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;例如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people.No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in such a stormy discussion .In our country every boy and every girl has the right to education .5〉、由and 或both…and连结的主语有复数意义时,用复数动词;这是遵循语法上一致原则的;例如：A hammer and a saw are to be used .Both my sister and my cousin study in Shanghai .Plastics and rubber never rot .Walking and riding are good exercises .但是,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词没有冠词;例如：The director and chief engineer is an experienced person .A knife and fork is on the table .The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor .Truth and honesty is the best policy .To love and to be loved is the great happiness .6〉、this kind of book = a book of this kind 这种书其谓语用单数；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men 口语这一类人,但this kind of men 作主语,谓语用单数,men of this kind 和these kind of men 的谓语用复数;all kinds of 后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式;例如：This kind of men is dangerous .Men of this kind are dangerous .This kind of man annoys me .There are three kinds of computer .Some new types of bus are on show .7〉、不定代词each , either , neither ,none , all, one , the other , anyone , anything ,someone , some , more…等作主语,因其有单数意义,谓语动词可用单数,以符合语法上一致原则;但在某特定情况下,不定代词也有复数概念,这时一般用复数动词;这样,语言流畅自然而且也符合概念上一致和紧邻一致原则;例如：Each takes a cup of coffee .Nobody is listening .Now all has been changed .All are present .I invited both Peter and John , but neither have come .I wonder if either are coming .The speech was tedious . Nobody , not even the teacher , were listening .但Either , none , any , 和neither 后面如果有“of + 复数名词或代词”,动词可以用复数,也可以用单数；在正式文体中,单数形式更常用;例如：Does any of you know his address .None of them has have seen the film .We are expecting guests from the country , but none of them has arrived .8〉、当主语后跟有as well as , as much as , no less than , along with , with ,like , rather than ,togeter with , but , except , besidees , including , in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语中心词的单、复数而定;例如：The teacher as well as the students was excited .An iren and steel works , with some satellite factories , is to be built here .He , like you and Xiao Li is very clever .Nobody but Smith and John was in the laboratory yesterday .Every picture except these two has been sold .No one , besides Helen , Joan , Mary , and Alice ,is willing to help me .The factory , including its machines , was burnt last night .His sister no less than you is wrong .The father , rather than the brothers , is responsible for the accident .但以下两例除外,把它们可以看做受紧邻关系影响;No one except his own supporters agree . 张道真语法第426页GCE,One man with his wife , both looking very anxious , were pleading with a guard to let them through . GCE, , Note b9〉、关系代词who , that , which 等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致;例如：Those who want to go please sign your names here .Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun .Old stamps that have not been used are usually more expensive than used stamps .He , who does not reach the Great Wall ,is not a true man .10〉、在“It is 或It was + 被强调部分+ that / who….”的强调语句中,当强调主语时,who或that后的动词应与被强调的词保持一致;例如：It is he who often helps me .It is I who have saved his wife .11〉、在“one of + 复数名词+who / which / that”引导的的从句结构中,关系代词who \ that \ which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从句中的动词应该是复数形式;例如：This is one of the most interesting questiongs that have been asked .但是,但one之前有the only 等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是one,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应用单数形式;例如：She was the only one of the grils who was late for the meeting .12〉、“分数或百分数+ 名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of、lots of、plenty of、a large quanty of、the rest of、a heap of、heap of +名词”构成短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词数保持一致,这是因为短语中of后面的名词是中心词,而名词前面的短语是修饰语;例如：70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water.I know that one of the towers is on the top of a hill , but the rest of the buildings are easy to get to.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.Lots of damage was caused by fire.Plenty of English books are on the shelf.A large quantity of beer was sold.A quantity of blouses were on sale.13 a great number of, many, a few, quite a few 修饰可数复数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数；a little ,much ,a great deal of ,a large amout of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：A number of other plants were found in America, for example, beans ,potatoes and different fruits.A great deal of trouble lies before us.A large amount of A great deal of damage was done in a very short time .14 large quantities of 修饰可数复数名词或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数;Large amounts of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数;例如：Quantities of food nuts were on the table .Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.15 the number of +可数复数名词,the amount of+不可数名词,the quantity of +可数复数名词或不可数名词构成的短语,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：The quantity of books in the library is amazing.As a result, the number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before .The quantity of heat in the office has not been increased .The amount of money is great.16 half of ,apart of 修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数；修饰可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数;例如：Half of the year has passed .Half of the fruit is bad.A part of the stories are interesting.Part of his money is spent in buying books .17,动名词及动名词短语、动词不定式短语、从句,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：Nodding the head means agreement ,while shaking it means disagreement .To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country .Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t concern me.When they will come hasn’t been made public.That this had happened is not your fault..2. 概念意义上一致notional concord.指动词和主语在数上的一致是根据数的概念而不是根据数的形式;18某些集体名词,形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;例如：The police are searching for him.Cattle are one cause of the problem.The crowd were running for their lives .The Chinese people are brave and hare-working.但people 作“民族”讲时,谓语动词可用单数;例如:Every people has its own ways of living .The Chinese people is a brave and hard-working one.19主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数;这类词有表示学科的名词：physics,economics, statistics,linguistics, athletics,politics,mathematics.有表示山川,河流,人名,地名,作品名称的专有名词;如：the Alps, the Philippines, Athens,Williams,The Times ,the United States, the Arabian Nights等;有些常见的形复意单的普通名词,如means, news ,works,, measles, headquarters等;例如：Mathematics is a very inpertant subject.Statistics is his major.The United States is in the western hemisphere.“The Arabian Nights ”is a very interesting storybook.Taday’s news is quite surpising.The Alps is in Europe.The glass works was rebiult in 1959.Athens is the capital of Greece.The Times has a wide circulation.Every means has been adopted.但有时这类词有复数意义,这时动词就要用复数;例如：All possible means have been tried, Statistics show that there is a great increase in production.20某些集体名词如family,team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式；如果就其中的个体而言,谓语动词用复数形式;这类名词有：audience,class,club,committee,company,crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team, population等;例如：My family all love music.My family is not large.The football team are having baths now.The football team is playing well.The population in China is very large ,and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers. “a groupcrowdof+复数名词”等短语之后谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,前者强调整体,后者强调部分;21单复数同形的名词作主语时,如,sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese等,谓语动词根据意义决定单复数;例如：A sheep is over there.Some sheep are over there.Deer run faster than dogs.22名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数;常见的省略名词有：the baker’s,the barber’s,the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s等;例如：Ｍy uncle’s is not far from here.The doctor’s is on the side of the street.表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数;例如：Richardson’s have a lot of leather goods to sell .23当词组中心词为表示度量,距离,金额,时间等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数;例如：Three years has passed.Ten months is enough for them to make a trip.Five pounds is quite enough.24如果名词词组中心词是all,most,half,rest,part等词语,表示的是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式,表示的是单数意义,谓语动词用单数;例如：All of my classmates work hard .All of the water is gone.25名词性物主代词后的动词,既可以用单数,也可以用复数,这取决与它所代替的是单数还是复数;例如：Ours our party is a great party.Your shoes are black ,mine are brown.26such,the same作指示代词用时,应根据其所指代的内容来决定单复数;例如：Such is our plan . Such are his words .27 、疑问代词who ,what , which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单复数;例如：Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu ;Who live next door The Zhangs .Which is are your books .What produces heat28、基数词单纯表示数字作主语时,其谓语动词通常用单数形式,但当基数词表示的不是数值而是数量的时候,谓语动词可用复数形式;例如：Ten billion is a large number .Twelve were boys .英语中算术式作主语时,若是减法和除法算式,谓语动词通常用单数形式；若是加法和乘法,谓语动词有时也可用复数形式;例如;Three taken from eight leaves five .Twelve divided by four is threeThree and plus two is/are fourThree times fives is / are fifteen .在提问加、减、乘、除得数时,如果用how much,谓语动词多用单数形式；如果用how many 提问,位于动词多用复数形式;例如：How much is eight divided by twoHow many are two times five29、表示数量的one and a half后,名词要用复数形式;谓语动词的数视具体情况而定;中心词表示金钱、距离、时间等词,常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词习惯用单数；中心词是apple ,banana等可数名词时,位于动词习惯用复数,因为one and a half of是大于“一”的概念;例如：One and a half hours is enough for me to finish the composition .One and a half banana are left on the table .30 如果主语由“the + 形容词”结构充当时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the dead ,the deef and dumb,the oppressed,the injured,the wounded,the unemployed等；但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数;例如：Tht blind study in special schools .The rich are for the plan,but the poor are against it .The departed was a well-known engineer .31、the world 作主语,谓语动词一般用单数;例如：It will be the bigget live concert that the world has ever seen .The whole world is watching for the results of talks .Half the world lives below the poverty line32、由what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数；所指的具体内容若是复数意义,谓语动词一般用复数形式;例如：What we need is more time .What we need are doctors ;What he says and does does not concern me .What he says and does do not agree .3、毗邻一直preximity;指的是动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致;33、由or, either….or, neither….nor, not only…but also…,not…but 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最靠近它的那个词保持数的一致;例如;A few notebooks or some paper is what I need .Either the boys or Mary is wrong .Not only the boys but also the father was to blame .Not one but all of them are good .Neither the record nor the tapes are mine .但neither…nor 有both…and 的反面意思,有些语法家认为,不论nor后的主语是否是复数,习惯上也用复数动词;例如：Neither father nor mother agree 李学平,藩欢怀着当代英语语法概论P18434、在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词应与主语保持数的一致;如果主语为并列的几个词,谓语动词则和最近的那个词保持数的一致;例如：On the wall is a famous painting .On the wall were famous paintings .There is a pen and some books on the desk .There are two books and a pen on the desk .Between the two windows hangs a picture .There comes a young woman and her two children .英语主谓一致是一个简单而复杂的问题;说其简单是因为它一般都遵循语法上一致、概念上一致、毗邻一致三个原则；说其复杂是因为它可分为三十多种情况而且不同语法家的观点不尽相同;笔者按照自己的观点,打破以往传统语法着作对主谓一致依据词类做主语的分类论述,把主谓一致三十多种不同情况分别归属于三条原则下,使人一看便知遵循的是哪条原则,进而对主谓一致做出准确判断;主谓一致的三条原则尽管不同,但它们相互作用,相互包容,还有些特殊情况,本文在论述中,进行了一一论述;对一些有争议的问题,笔者认为应遵循从人们普遍能接受的说法;试看下面两组例子;One and a half pears is left on the table .徐立吾当代英语实用语法P431湖南教育出版社One and a half bananans are left on the table . 包天仁高中英语语法过关训练P214吉林教育出版社One in ten are expected to take part in the contests . 张道真,实用英语英法P426商务印书馆One out of ten has been assigned to do the decoration .李学平,藩欢怀当代英语语法概论P186 北京师范大学出版社。