现金流量表的编制——讲解(附例题解析)

12
The indirect method
• Profit before tax
x
• Depreciation
x
• Interest expense
x
• Changes in working capital
x
• Interest paid (can be in financing) (x)
• Taxes paid
Cash flows from operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equiv. Cash and cash equiv at start of period Cash and cash equiv at end of period
Cash flows from financing activities
plus or minus
plus or minus
equals
Net increase (or decrease) in cash and cash equivalents over
the period
8
Example of a CFS
(x)
• Cash paid to employees
(x)
• Cash paid for other operating exp (x)
• Interest paid (maybe in financing) (x)
• Taxes paid
(x)
• Net cash from operating activities x
473
Payments to suppliers
(217)
Payments to employees
(88)
Rental income
10
Other payments (auditors fees)
(15)
taxation
(95)
Cashflow from operating activities
68
= materials purchased
222
+ opening payables
29
- closing payables
(34)
Payments to suppliers
217Βιβλιοθήκη 18Direct method Cashflow from operations
£’000
Receipts from customers
• Useful to users to assess the ability of the
enterprise to generate and utilise cash effectively
– Stewardship – Financial adaptability
• Primary financial statement
3
The objective of the CFS
• Requires companies to provide a standardised
report on their cash generation and cash absorption during the accounting period.
15
Taxation paid
(95)
Cashflow from operating activities
68
Investing activities
Cash from sales of nca Cash paid for new nca Cashflow from investing activities
- closing receivables Receipts from customers
£000 480 55 (62) 473
17
Payments to suppliers
£000
Materials
210
+ closing inventories
48
- opening inventories
(36)
10
Cash flows from operating activities
2 methods
• Direct method • Indirect method
11
The direct method
• Cash receipts from customers
x
• Cash paid to suppliers
Equity
Statement of financial position at the start of the accounting period
Cash and cash
equivalents
Income statement
Statement of cash flows
Equity
Statement of financial position at the end of the accounting period
4
CFS – main features
• Summary of cash receipts/payments
– similar to your own bank statements
• Definition of ‘cash’ and ‘cash equivalents’
– Cash = notes, coins, deposits on demand – Cash equivalents = short-term, highly liquid
Indirect method
Operating profit
170
Depreciation
47
Gain on sale
(55)
Increase in inventories
(12)
Increase in receivables
(7)
Increase in payables
5
Interest payable
weaknesses
2
Importance of the CFS
• Cash not picked up in Income Statement • Profit does NOT equal cash • “Cash is king!” • IAS 7 Statement of cash flows
(x)
• Dividends paid (can be in financing) (x)
• Net cash from operating activities x
13
Cash flows from investing activities
• Cash receipts from disposal of non-current assets • Cash receipts from disposal of investments in
15
Direct Method v Indirect method
Direct method – need to work out:
• Receipts from customers • Payments to suppliers
Indirect method
• Reconcile operating profit in income
Statement of Cash Flows
1
Learning objectives
• Prepare a statement of cash flows in
accordance with IAS 7
• Analyse a statement of cash flows • Critically discuss their strengths and
investments readily convertible into cash
5
The relationship between the statement of financial position, the income statement and the statement of
cash flows
Cash and cash
equivalents
6
Format of the CFS
• Specified in IAS 7 (issued 1992) • Three standard headings
– Operating activities – Investing activities – Financing activities
subsidiaries
• Cash payments to acquire non-current assets • Cash payments to acquire investments in subsidiaries • Dividends or interest received from investments (can
£000 760 (300) 120 580 270 850
9
Tesco plc Summarised cash flow statement for the half
year to 26 August 2006
Net cash from operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash used in financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Effects of foreign exchange rate changes* Cash and cash equivalents at end of period