人教版新目标英语八年级下册知识点全归纳
英语人教版新目标八年级下册知识整理Unit5
【英语】八年级下册教材全梳理（Unit5 If you go to the party you’ll have a great time）知识·巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:字母组合ea读作［］。
义析:a kind of trousers【典句】This pair of jeans is in style.这条牛仔裤很时髦。
【拓展】jeans本身是复数名词,作主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。
take away拿走【词析】形析:take(拿)+away(离开)义析:take sth.from one place to another【典句】Don’t forget to take away your umbrella.别忘了带走你的雨伞。
【拓展】away是副词,当宾语为代词宾格时,一定要放在away的前面。
make a living 谋生【词析】形析:make(做)+a(一种)+living(生活)义析:do sth.for a living【典句】He makes a living as a writer.他靠写作维持生计。
【拓展】使用时,如果说明谋生的手段应在living后加介词by+doing的结构,指“以……为生”。
如:He makes a living by selling books.他以卖书为生。
【词析】音析:ａ读［］，ai读作［ｅ］,重音在第二个音节上。
形析:again(又；再次)+st义析:in a direction or course opposite to【典句】We boated against the wind.我们逆风行船。
【拓展】against本身是介词,不能单独作谓语,常和系动词be连用，意为“反对”。
【词析】音析:ch读作［］,an读作［］,词尾的e不发音。
形析:形近词change(选择)义析:something that happen unusually and luckily【典句】I haven’t had a chance to read my letter.我还没有机会看我的信呢。
新人教版｜八年级下册英语所有知识点大汇总
新人教版｜八年级下册英语所有知识点大汇总！Unit1 what' s the matter?1. It’s +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…的。
It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.It’s easy to do sth. 做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的。
2. 情态动词should的用法should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。
意为"应该......"。
should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。
eg. ---I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厉害。
---You should lie down and have a rest. 你应该躺下，多喝水。
3. maybe与may be（1）maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。
如：Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。
（2）may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。
如：He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。
She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师。
4. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：（1）few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示肯定意义，有几个。
例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
新目标人教版英语八年级下册unit3知识点+练习题
新目标人教版英语八年级下册u n i t3知识点+练习题-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit3 Could you please clean your room?Section A（1a-2d）学习目标：1.掌握1a-2d的词语2.学习提出礼貌的请求和请求允许；3.学会使用句型：Could you please...和Could I...；4.学习重点：掌握一些家务活动相关的动词短语。
掌握情态动词could的用法和助动词do的用法。
5.学习难点：掌握情态动词could的用法和助动词do的用法【一】自主学习明确目标1 试读单词，解决语音问题，联系有关旧单词2 查阅下面的短语动词1) 出去吃饭_______________ 2)在外面待到很晚_______________3)去看电影_______________ 4)搭车_______________5)完成做某事_______________ 6)干净整洁_______________ 7)洗餐具_______________ 8)倒垃圾_______________9)叠衣服_______________ 10)扫地_______________ 3．观察以上词组的构成方式：【语言点】1. —Peter, could you please take out the trash请你把垃极倒掉好吗—Sure, Mom.可以，妈妈。
—Could you please do the dishes 请洗盘子好吗—Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.抱歉，我不能。
我得做作业。
（1）在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。
这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。
以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。
英语人教版新目标八年级下册第三单元Unit-3复习讲义
新目标八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、词性转换Section A1. sweep → (pt.)swept2. throw → (pt.) threw3. fold→ (pt.) folded Section B1. lend → (pt.) lent2. hate → (pt.) hated3. stress → (v.) stress4. waste → (v.) waste5. provide → (pt.) provided6. depend→ (pt.)depended7. independence →(adj.) independent8. fairness → (adj.) fair9. unfair →(反义词)fair二、短语归纳1. do the dishes 洗餐具2. take out the rubbish倒垃圾3. fold your clothes叠衣服4. sweep the floor 扫地5. make your/the bed 整理床铺6. go out for dinner 出去吃饭7. throw down 扔下8.in surprise 惊讶地9. hang out 闲逛10. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事11. do chores 做杂务12. enough stress足够的压力13. in order to为了14. provide sth. for sb.向某人提供某物15. get good grades取得好成绩16. mind doing sth. 介意做某事17. depend on依赖;依靠18. look after 照顾，照看19. keep it clean and tidy保持它干净整洁20. get into 进入21. take care of 照顾22. as a result 结果23. do one’ s part in (doing )sth. 做某人分内的事24. get a ride 搭车25.stay out late在外面待到很晚三、句型集萃1. Could you please help out with a few things? 你能帮忙做些事情吗？2.Mom will be back from shopping at any minute now. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.妈妈现在随时都会购物回来，如果她看到这些一团糟，会不高兴的。
(完整版)人教版新目标英语八年级下册词组U1-U5
U11.感冒hav..cold2.发烧hav..fever3.头疼hav..toothache4.胃疼hav..stomachache5.喉咙痛hav..sor.throat6.背疼hav..sor.back7.量体温tak.one'.temperature8.远离计算机休息take breaks away from the computer 9.用同一个姿势坐太久sat (sit) in the same way for too long10.躺下li.down11.去看医生go to the doctor12.看到某人正在做某事se.sb.doin.sth.13.在路边on the side of the road14.没有多想without thingking twice15.下车get off the bus(上车get on)16.有心脏问题have a heart problem17.带某人...去...take...to....18.期待某人做某事expect sb, to do19.让某人吃惊的是to one’s surprise20.同意做某事agree to do21.多亏, 幸亏thanks to 22.被医生抢救be saved by the doctors23.及时in time25.拯救一个生命save a life26.陷入麻烦get into trouble27.撞到头Ge.hi.o.th.head28.缠上绷带Pu..bandag.o.it29.在水流下冲Ru.i.unde.water30.流鼻血Hav..nosebleed31.对...感兴趣b.intereste.in32.习惯于e.t.doing33.处于危险境界in a very dangerous situation34.独自b.himself35.耗尽ru.ou.36.救他自己的命sav.hi.ow.life37.不准备死b.no.read.t.die38.用到切除us.knif.t.cu.off39.摆脱ge.ou.o.…40.做出好的决定mak.goo.decisions41.掌控i.contro.o.…42.坚持做kee.o.doin.sth.43.晒伤ge.sunburne.44.摔倒fal.downU2Section A1使振作起来cheer up2分发give out/ hand out3食物救济站food bank4清扫clean up5想出（注意）come up with6推迟put off7张贴告示put up8打电话给call up9制定计划make plans10养老院old people’s home11帮忙(摆脱困境)help out12过去....曾经ed to13放弃give up14照顾动物care for15强烈的满足感a strong feeling of satisfaction16愉快的表情the look of joy17在4岁的时候at the age of four18参加...选拔try out19和每一本新书踏上一段不同的旅程go on a different journey with20梦想成真a dream come true21同时at the same time22花时间志愿帮助别人volunteer our time to help...23给无家可归的人募捐raise money for homeless peopleSection B1像take after/be similar to2修理fix up3赠送give away4花光钱run out of money5成立set up6使做....成为可能mak.i.possibl.t.do...7开关门open and close doors8我的一个朋友a friend of mine9一只受过特殊训练的狗a special trained dog10能够be able to11下指令give orders12马上at onceU31倒垃圾take out the trash2做杂务do chores3洗盘子do the dishes4扫地sweep the floor5整理床铺make the bed6叠衣服fold the clothes7打扫客厅clean the living room8出去吃晚饭go out for dinner9去看电影go to the movies10在外面待到很晚stay out late11搭便车get a ride12帮忙help out with13至少at least14结束做finis.doin.sth.15购物回来be back from shopping16立刻any minute now17看到一片混乱see this mess18扔下throw(threw) down19一...就...The minute..../ ....as soon as....20在...前面in front of21遛狗take the dog for a walk22一直all the time23我也不Neither did I24我们两个都不neither of us25吃惊地in surprise26和我朋友闲逛hang out with my friends27递给我盐pass me the salt28向...借borro.sth.fro....29借给某人某物len.sb.Sth.30一次露营a camping trip31邀请我朋友去派对Invite my friends to aparty32买饮料和零食Buy drinks and snacks33让孩子帮忙做家务Make kids help with housework34已经有足够多的学校压力Already have enough stress from school35浪费时间A waste of time36花时间在...Spend time on sth.37为了In order to38进入好大学Get into a good university39sb没必要做Ther.i.n.nee.fo.sb.t.do40做...是某人的职责It’s one’s job to do...41提供给某人某物Provid.sb.wit.sth..provid.sth.fo.sb.42介意做Mind doing43只做...不够It’s is not enough to just do...44依靠depend on45培养独立性Develop one’s independence46照顾Look after/ take care of47在做....中起作用/承担责任Do one’s part in doing48不知道, 没头绪Have no idea49结果As a result50病倒Fall illU41与...友好相处 1.get on with2...之间的关系 2.relations between3笼罩 3.hang over4对某人好 4.b.nic.t.sb.5拒绝做5.refus.t.do.6任何他想要的 6.whatever he wants7主动提供帮助7.offer to help8有更多的时间来恰当的沟通8.have more time for proper communication9和...沟通municate with sb 10介意某人做…10.min.sb.doin.sth.11一直11.all the time12允许某人做某事allo.sb.t.do13和...吵架get into a fight with14怎么了？what's wrong？15浏览look through16还给give ...back to sb.17生某人的气be angry with sb.18告诉某人做某事tel.sb.t.do.19重要的事 a big deal20解决work out21抄作业copy my homework22归还retur.sth..giv.sth.bac.23把...忘在家.leave(left.sth.a.home24害怕在人群面前讲话be afraid of speakingin front of people25再也不相信你do not trust you anymore26独处spend time alone27给我很多学习上的压力give me a lot ofpressure about school28与某人竞争compete with29互相帮助对方提高help each other toimprove30.take after-school classes 上辅导课31.look for differences and similarities betweenthings寻找事物之间的不同点和相同点32..typica.America.family一个典型的美国家庭33.footbal.trainin.足球训练34.cu.ou.删除35..quic.dinne.迅速的晚餐36.it'.tim.fo.sth.到...的时间了37.al.kind.o.各种各样pare...with...对比39.pus.sb.s.har.逼得很紧（给太多压力）40.caus..lo.o.stress引起很多压力U51at the time of在...的时候2on the street在街上3at the bus stop在公交站4walk home走回家5go off闹钟响6took a hot shower洗热水澡7It began to rain heavily开始下起大雨8missed the bus错过公交车9pick up/answer the phone接电话10that's strange那很奇怪11strong winds强风12pieces of wood木块、木条13make sure确保14beat heavily against the windows重重地敲打着窗户15fall asleep睡着16die down逐渐变弱17wake up醒来18in a mess一片混乱19fallen trees倒下的树20broken windows破碎的窗户21bring ...closer together拉近距离、使更亲密22break...apart打破、分裂23in times of difficulty在困难的时候24take photos拍照25buy a drink买饮料、酒26leave the house离开房子27turn on the radio打开收音机28take the car to the car wash把车送到洗车店29right away马上30have a look看一看31the place of the accident事故地点32walk by路过33by the side of the road在路边34make one's way to...前往35hear the news of important events听到重大事件的新闻36in the kitchen在厨房里37hear the news on the radio在收音机里听到新闻38completely shocked彻底震惊了39finish the rest of our dinner in silence默默吃完整下的晚饭40was taken down by terrorists被恐怖分子拆毁41sth.hav. meanin.t.sb.某物对某人有意义42look out of the window向窗外看43could hardly think clearly几乎不能清醒地思考44was shocked to hear the news听到新闻很震惊45tell the truth说实话46have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难47point out指出48call out sb.大声呼唤sb。
英语人教版新目标八年级下册知识整理Unit4
【英语】八年级||下册教材全梳理(Unit4 He said I was hard -working )知识·巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:元音字母a读［］.形析:形近词sad(忧愁的;悲哀的)义析:angry and crazy【典句】He was mad with joy.他欣喜假设狂.【拓展】固定搭配：be mad at/with =be angry with/at 生……的气【词析】音析:元音字母a发［ｅ］,ore在词尾读作［］.形析:any(任何) +more(更多)义析:any longer,from now on【典句】He doesn ,t come here anymore.他再也不到这儿来了.【拓展】可构成not...anymore词组,也可写成no more .表达"不再〞的词组还有not...any longer/no longer,no more 和no longer用于句末.【辨析】not...anymore/no more与not...any longer/no longernot...anymore/no more指做某事次数不再增加,多与瞬间动词连用;not...any longer/no longer指时间上不再延续,多与持续性动词连用.first of all 首||先【词析】形析:first(第|一) +of +all(所有)义析:at first,the beginning【典句】First of all,you should think,and then speak.你应该先考虑,后开口.【拓展】first of all的同义词为at first,反义词为at last,in the end,finally等.【词析】音析:元音字母e发［e］,a发［I］.形析:mess(混乱) +age(年龄)义析:information,news sent to sb.in writing or speech【典句】Will you take this message to your brother?把这个便条捎给你哥哥好吗?【拓展】与message有关的词组有:give sb. a message 给……传个口信take a message for sb. 为……捎个口信leave a message 留言pass on 传递【词析】义析:take sth.to different places【典句】Let us now pass on to the next subject.现在让我们看看下一个题目.【拓展】后接宾语时可以构成pass on sth. to sb./pass on sb. sth.,当宾语为代词时只能用前一种.【词析】音析:重读开音节词,u读作［］,元音字母o发本音［］.形析:sup(超) +pose(姿态)义析:think about sth.that is not real now【典句】Let ,s suppose (that) the news is true.让我们假定这消息是真的 .【拓展】固定搭配:be supposed to被期望或被要求do well in 在……方面做得好【典句】I do well in drawing.我擅长画画.【拓展】be good at 相当于do well in,意思为"擅长……〞.be good at 的比较级||为be better at,do well in 的比较级||为do better in .be in good health 身体健康【词析】形析:be +in(在……状态下) +good(好的) +health(健康)义析:keep healthy,keep fit【典句】I hope you are in good health.我希望你身体健康.【拓展】表示身体健康的其他短语有:be healthy 健康的stay/keep healthy 保持健康【词析】形析:er读作[],ou读作［］.形析:nerv(e)(神经的) + -ous(形容词后缀)义析:not relaxed,not comfortable【典句】I felt very nervous when I went into his office.当我走进他的办公室时,我感到很紧张.【拓展】固定搭配：be nervous about对……感到紧张【词析】音析:重读闭音节词,字母u读作[],i和y读作［I］.形析:lucky(幸运的)变y为i + -ly(副词后缀)义析:fortunately【典句】Luckily,the police came right away.很幸运,警察马上就来了.【拓展】1)同根词：luck n.运气;lucky adj.幸运的2)反义词：unluckily【词析】音析:元音字母u读作［］,词尾的e不发音.形析:形近词blue(蓝色)义析:right,not against【典句】Is it true that you are rich?你很富有是真的吗?【拓展】同根词：truth n.真理；truly adv.真实地【词析】音析:ow读作［］.形析:形近词town(城镇)义析:belong to oneself【典句】She makes her own clothes.她自己做衣服.【拓展】own作为形容词意为"自己的〞,常用在表示所有格的词后起强调作用.作为动词意为"拥有〞,名词为owner(主人) .轻轻告诉你Every heart has its own sorrow.各人有各人的苦恼.get over 克服;恢复;原谅【词析】形析:get(得到) +over(在上面)义析:recover,forgive sb.【典句】Can we get over this difficulty?我们能克服这个困难吗?【拓展】与get有关的词组有:get to 到达get on 上车get off 下车get ready for 为……作准备get up 起床【词析】音析:第|一个a读作［］,第二个a读作[I] .义析:person who finish the study in a college【典句】Two thirds of the graduates find jobs.三分之二的毕业生找到了工作.【拓展】作为动词意为"毕业〞可构成graduate from "毕业于……〞.【词析】音析:闭音节词,字母i读作\I\] .形析:形近词than(比)义析:not dense or concentrated【典句】The air there is very thin.那里的空气很稀薄.【拓展】作"稀薄的〞讲时反义词为thick,作"瘦的〞讲时反义词为fat .【词析】音析:字母e和i均读作［I］,sion读作［］.形析:deci(de)(决定) +sion(名词后缀)义析:something you must make a choice at one time【典句】She could not make a decision about the dresses.她对(买不买)这衣服下不了决心.【拓展】make a decision to do sth. =decide to do sth.(决定做某事)【词析】音析:ar读作［］.形析:star(星星) +t义析:begin【典句】If you are ready,you may start your work.如果你准备好了,你可以开始工作了.【拓展】start作为动词"开始〞时与begin同义,其后可接动名词或动词不定式.【辨析】begin与start一般情况下,这两个词都可接动名词或动词不定式,二者用法相同.以下两种情况下只能用start,而不用begin .1)当机器"开动、发动〞时.2)作为"旅途〞开始时.care for 照顾,照料【词析】形析:care(关心) +for(为了……)义析:take care of,look after【典句】The boy is too young to care for himself.这个男孩太小,不能照顾自己.【词析】音析:元音字母a发本音［eI］,字母组合er发［］.形析:d +anger (愤怒)义析:risk;a source or an instance of risk or peril【典句】In war,life is full of danger for everyone.在战争中,每个人的生活都充满了危险.【拓展】1)与danger有关的词组有:in danger 在危险中out of danger 出险;脱险2)danger的形容词形式：dangerous例句精讲Section ALana thinks she ,s coming to my house to study.拉娜以为她要到我家来学习.【巧解句构】这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句,主句为一般现在时态,从句是用趋向性动词come的现在分词表将来.【拓展延伸】宾语从句的时态必须与主句照应:当主句中谓语是现在或将来时态,从句谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响,可以按需要使用任何时态,例如:She says that she has never been to Mount Tai.1)当主句谓语为过去时态,从句中的时态一般为过去的某种时态.例如:He said he had finished his homework.2)当从句表达的是某一客观真理(事实)时,主句无论是何种时态,从句那么用一般现在时.例如:He said that light travels much faster than sound.误区警示假设宾语从句跟在动词think,believe,suppose,expect等表示"要,认为〞等的动词后时,句子的否认表达在主句上,这就是"否认转移〞现象.例如:I don ,t think you are right.我认为你不正确.I don ,t believe he has finished his work.我相信他还没有完成他的工作.Section B 3a1.I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week.我听说他上周感冒了觉得很难过.【巧解句构】这是一句包含宾语从句的主从复合句.主句是过去时态,从句也用过去时态.本句中that变为了宾语从句he had a cold last week的引导词.【要点剖析】I was sorry to hear that...是表示遗憾的常用语,意为"我听到……很遗憾〞.have a cold意为"患感冒〞还可以写成catch a cold .类似的词组还有:have a cough 咳嗽have a fever 发烧have a headache 头疼2.I had a really hard time with science this semester,and I wasn ,t surprised to find that my worst report was from my science(科学)teacher.这学期我的科学课学得确实很吃力,所以当我看到最||糟糕的评价来自于科学课老师时,我毫不吃惊.【巧解句构】这是一句由and连接的并列句.前一个分句是简单句,后一个分句是包含宾语从句的主从复合句,主句I wasn ,t surprised to find "我毫不吃惊地发现……〞,不定式的动词find后面带一个由that引导的宾语从句.【要点剖析】词组have a hard time with sth.意为"应付某事很费力〞;be surprised to意为"对……感到吃惊〞,不定式后接动词的原形.surprised为形容词,surprise为名词构成to one ,s surprise(使……惊奇的是)词组.【辨析比较】surprised 和surprising1)当人作主语或修饰与人有关的词时用以ed结尾的形容词.2)当物作主语或修饰与物有关的词时用以ing结尾的形容词.例如:We are surprised to hear the surprising news.我们听到那条令人惊讶的新闻感到非常吃惊.3.The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard -working.好消息是数学老师说我很用功 .【巧解句构】这是一句包含表语从句的主从复合句 .主句the good news is使用的是一般现在时,表示目前的情况.由that引导的从句my math teacher said I was hard working在句中充当表语,使用的是一般过去时,陈述过去.其中又包含一个从句I was hard working,作said的宾语.【拓展延伸】表语从句于主句中的系动词之后,主要有四类:1)由连词who,what,which 等引导的表语从句.这些词不但可以起连接作用,还可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语.例如:China is not what she was yesterday.中|国已不再是以前的那个中|国了.2)由不充当任何句子成分的连词that,whether引起的表语从句.例如:What I mean is that we should help each other.我的意思是我们应该互相帮助.The problem is whether we can finish the work on time.问题是我们能不能按时完成工作.3)由连接副词when,where,why,how 引导的表语从句 .例如:This is when I really get to know Americans.我这时才开始认识美|国人.4)由连词as,because,as if,as though 引导的表语从句.例如:It looks as if it is going to rain tonight.看起来好似今晚要下雨.Self Check 2Last week in school we had a big fight,and she didn ,t talk to me.上周在学校我们大吵了一架,她不和我说话了 .【巧解句构】这是一个and连接的前后均是一般过去时态的并列句.【要点剖析】1)短语have a fight意为"吵架〞,后面接宾语时要加上介词with,即have a fight with等同于fight with sb.(此时的fight为动词) .2)短语talk to sb.意为"与……谈话/交谈〞,to也可以被with替换 .如果talk后面接的是"某事〞那么介词用about即talk about sth. .She said helping others changed her life.1.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you.在甘肃省一个贫困山村教中学生,在你听来也许并不有趣 .【巧解句构】该句是个简单句.这句话的主语很长,一个动名词短语(teaching high school students "教中学生〞)加上两个地点状语(in a poor mountain village "贫困山村〞和in Gansu Province "甘肃省〞)构成了本句的主语.谓语局部那么使用了sound like短语,表示"听来并不有趣〞.【要点剖析】短语sound like 意为"听起来像……〞,sound是一个系动词,类似的词还有:feel,smell,taste,look,get,turn等.2.She said that both she and her husband thought this was a good idea.她和她丈夫都认为这是一件很好的事.【巧解句构】该句是个复合句,said后面的that引导的是宾语从句,是said的内容;句中的thought后面也是一个宾语从句,但省略了引导词that .通常宾语从句由that引导时,常可省去that,但said后的that常保存.【要点剖析】词组both...and...意为"(两者)都〞是并列连词可以连接两个人或物一起作主语.反义词为neither...nor...,它们的用法不同:neither...nor...引导的词作主语时谓语动词与nor 后的词保持一致即就近原那么;both...and...无此用法 .3.There is no difference between you and them.你和他们之间没有不同.【巧解句构】该句是一个there be句型,名词difference作句子的真正主语,no相当于not any .There is no difference between...and...意为"在……和……之间没有区别〞 .如果表示"有区别〞,那么使用There is a difference between...and...或者There are differencesbetween...and... .【要点剖析】词组between...and...表示"在……之间〞,between只用于二者之间.【拓展延伸】there be句型的一些用法:1)主谓一致谓语动词要采取就近一致原那么,和靠近be的主语一致.例如:There is a pen,two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只钢笔,两把尺子.There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.门口有两个男孩,一个老师.2)主语后的动词形式在there be 句型中,主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词;是被动关系时用过去分词.例如: There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一个钱包.There are five minutes left now.现在还有5分钟.3)反意疑问句反意疑问句应与there be对应,而不是依据主语.例如:There is a radio on the table,isn ,t there?桌子上有一台收音机,是吧?There are more than fifty classes in your school,aren ,t there?你们学校有50个班,是吧?4)there be 与have的替换there be表示所属时可与have替换.There is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag.在我包里只有一本书.记忆要诀there be 句型的谓语歌诀there be句型可译"有〞,be 动词跟着名词走.名词单数不可数,当用is记清楚.如果名词是复数,用are一定要记住.出现并列主语特殊记, "就近原那么〞用仔细.4.I can open up my students , eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.我能为我的学生翻开眼界看外面的世|界,并且给他们的生活一个好的开始 .【巧解句构】该句是一个含有情态动词的一般现在时态的简单句,and连接前后两个并列谓语.【要点剖析】1)短语open up one ,s eyes 意为"使……开眼界〞.2)动词give有两种用法:give sb. sth.和give sth. to sb. .5.When her year was over,she said that she would return to the area after finishing her studies.一年期满时她说:毕业后她会回到这个地方.【巧解句构】该句是个包含时间状语从句和宾语从句的主从复合句.时间状语从句when her year was over意为"当她的一年(支教)期结束时……〞.主句是一个间接引语,that...studies作said的宾语从句,时态为过去将来时,说明是在"当时〞要离开的时候,杨蕾承诺"将来〞要回到这个地方;在这个宾语从句中after finishing her studies作为一个时间状语,点明了她将要回来的时间为"完成学业后〞.【要点剖析】1)短语be over意为"结束〞.2)return to...意为"返回……〞.语法解读直接引语和间接引语引述或转述别人的话称为"引语〞.直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号"〞标出,叫做直接引语;用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号,叫做间接引语,实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句,其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外,其转换后是不定式.那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句,转换为间接引语时,句子的结构,人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化,如何变化呢?一、人称的转变下面有一句顺口溜"一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新〞可以帮助我们记忆."一随主〞是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第|一人称或被第|一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化.例如:He said, "I am very happy.〞He said that he was very happy."二随宾〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致.如果引号外的主句没有宾语,也可以用第|一人称,例如:She said to her son, "I ,ll check your homework tonight.〞She said to her son that she would check his homework that night."You should be more careful next time,〞my grandfather said.My grandfather said that I should be more careful the next time."第三人称不更新〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰,从句中的人称一般不需要变化.例如:Mr.Smith said, "Jack is a good student.〞→ Mr.Smith said Jack was a good student.总之,人称的转换不是固定的,具体情况、具体对待,要符合逻辑.二、时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时,主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时,从句(即间接引语局部)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化,变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求),变化如下:一般现在时→一般过去时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时一般过去时→过去完成时过去完成时→不变过去进行时→不变例如:1. "I am very glad to visit the Great Wall ,〞she said.→She said she was very glad to visit the Great Wall.2.Jim said, "We are listening to the music.〞→Jim said that they were listening to the music.3.Mother asked, "Have you finished your homework before nine o ,clock?〞→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before nine o ,clock.4.He asked the policeman, "Where shall I find the nearest bookshop?〞→He asked the policeman where he would find the nearest bookshop.5. "Why did she go there?〞the teacher asked.→The teacher asked why she had gone there.6.Mother asked me, "Had you finished your homework before supper?〞→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before supper.7.Tom said, "We were having a football match this time yesterday.〞→Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.三、结构的转换1.陈述句.用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略.主句的谓语动词可用直接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意,可以说said that,said to sb. that,told sb. that,不可直接说told that .例如:He said, "I have been to the West Lake.〞He said to us that he had been to the West Lake.He said, "I ,ll give you an exam next week.〞He told us that he would give us an exam the next week.(不可说told that)此外主句中的谓语还常用repeat,answer,reply,explain,think等.例如:He said, "I ,m late because of the heavy snow.〞He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy snow.2.直接引语为一般疑问句,也称是否疑问句,间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序,这一点非常重要.例如：He said, "Do you have any difficulty with this work?〞He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with this work.3.直接引语为特殊疑问句,改成间接引语时,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序.例如:He asked me, "How many classrooms have been built in your school?〞He asked me how many classrooms had been built in our school.4.直接引语为祈使句时,改为间接引语,用带to的不定式表达,谓语动词常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等.如ask sb.to do,(由肯定祈使句变成)ask sb.not to do(由否认祈使句转变),并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化.例如:He said, "Be quiet,please.〞He asked us to be quiet."Don ,t touch anything in the lab,〞the teacher said.The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab.四、时间状语和地点状语的转换在直接引语中在间接引语中指示代词this thatthose表示时间的词now thenthat daythat week(month,etc.)the day beforethe week(month,etc.)beforethree days (a year ,etc.)beforethe next (following) daythe next (following)week (month,etc.)表地点的词动词there take go但要注意在以下几种情况,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化:1.直接引语是客观真理."The earth moves around the sun ,〞the teacher told me.→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun.2.直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作.例如:He said, "I get up at seven every morning.〞→He said he gets up at seven every morning.3.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例如:had better,used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例如:could,should,would,might)不再变.例如:Peter said, "You had better come have today.〞→Peter said I had better go there that day.听说速递1.表达观点I think you are...我想你是……I think you are right.Thank you.I think you are good at English.I think you are lazy.I think you are hard working.2.表达问候How ,s it going?一切都顺利吗?Does everything go well?Is everything going well?How are you?Fine,thanks.Best wishes to you.3.表达遗憾I ,m sorry to hear that...我听到……很遗憾.What a pity!I ,m sorry.It ,s unfair for you.4.表达希望I hope that...我希望……I hope that you are better now.I hope you are happy.Have a good time!Have a good trip.读写指导如何写好限制性作文【点石成金】1.仔细审题,明确要求.对题目所提供的信息要认真分析,明确要求,做到心中有数.要对所提供的信息加以分析、整理,使之更加具体化、条理化,为开始动笔作好前期准备工作.还要搞清这那么题目的要求是写短文、日记、信件还是便条等,以便根据不同的题材、体裁,写出不同格式、风格各异的文章.此外,也应注意所要求的人称、时间、地点、人物等信息,防止用错.2.抓住重点,寻求思路.根据题目所提供的信息,草拟一个提纲,寻求逻辑次序,确定从何下手,再围绕这一次序,周密选词、选句,以便更加贴近主题;否那么,语无伦次的文章将不会被人接受.3.用词恰当,表达流畅.在写作过程中,万一哪个词想不起来了,千万不能空着或不写,最||好找一个同义词或用其同义句、同义词组(短语)代替.表达中不写没有把握的句子,尽可能用自己熟悉的词和句子来表达意思.表达中,尽可能采用一些简单句,并使前后句、上下文过渡自然.正确使用and,or,but,because,so等词以便使行文自然流畅,使人读后不至||于有"死水一潭〞之感觉.还应注意各种时态、语态和各种句式的交替使用,使文章显得得体、大方、错落有致.4.成文之后全面检查全文.着重看是否存在以下问题:格式、拼写、标点、扣题、不标准英文、时态、语态、主谓一致、冠词、介词、单复数、比较级||别、顺序、大小写、代词等用法错误或使用不当.【常用词汇】ever,mad,anymore,pass on,suppose,do well in,in good health,nervous,worst,lucky,hers,own,get over,meter,ate,decision,open up,start,care for,danger 【常用句型】1)What did...say?……说什么了?2)He said I could...他说我能……3)He told me he would...他告诉我他将……4)Mary said she would...玛丽说她将……5)I think you are... 我想你是……6)How ,s it going?一切都顺利吗?7)I ,m sorry to hear that... 我听到……很遗憾.8)I hope that... 我希望……9)Really?You ,re lucky.真的?你真幸运 .典题·热题例1 (2021福建福州模拟) -Do you know _________?-She came by bus.A.when she got to schoolB.why she was late for classC.how she came to school this morningD.how many times she was late for class思路解析:此题考查宾语从句的用法.主句为一般现在时态,从句可以根据表达的需要选择任何时态.根据答语可知,从句应用一般过去时态.由"by bus〞可知,对于交通工具提问只能用"how〞.答案:C误区警示此题有两处误区：一是时态,主句为一般现在时态,从句往往会误用一般现在时态；二是语序,忽略宾语从句需用陈述句语序.例2 (2021浙江杭州模拟) -Why didn ,t Alice come to the party last night?-I don ,t know _________.A.why didn ,t sheB.why she didn ,tC.why did sheD.why she did思路解析:宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故A、C项错,由题意可知,是"我不知道她为什么不来〞应用否认句,故D项错.答案:B例3 (2021湖北黄冈模拟) -Can you see ___________?-No,let ,s go and have a look.Maybe we can help them.A.what was happening thereB.what are they doing thereC.what are they talking aboutD.what is happening there思路解析:此题考查的是宾语从句的用法.当问及"你能看见……〞时,可知事情正在进行,因此应该用现在进行时态,故A不对.宾语从句应按陈述句语序排列,故B、C两项不对.D项中的what作主语,故D项是正确的.答案:D例4 (2021南通模拟) When you are sleeping,you had better _______ all your windows closed.,t keep B.not keepC.not to keepD.not keeping思路解析:此题考查had better的用法 .had better无论是用在肯定句还是在否认句中,后面都只能接动词原形.因此,C、D项均错.而had better的否认形式为had better not,故A错.答案:B误区警示better为形容词good和副词well的比较级||,这使人常常会想起"be +adj. +to do〞这种结构,会误以为had better to do sth.是正确搭配,从而错选C项 .深化升华记牢"had better(not) +动词原形〞这种结构.例5 (2021南京模拟)Susan is always the best in different exams in our class because she is a ___________ girl.-working思路解析:此题考查词的用法.此句意为"苏珊在我们班的不同的考试中总是最||好的〞,而helpful意为"有帮助的〞,polite意为"有礼貌的〞proud意为"自豪的〞,hard -working意为"努力的〞,只有hard -working与题意相符.答案:D误区警示多数形容词都可作定语修饰名词,如果不能理解词义,很容易出现误选.深化升华多动口,多动手,勤读读,多练练,掌握词的音、形、义就一路畅通了.例6 完形填空(2021河北模拟)Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.Maybe your schoolbags is too 1 to carry,and it troubles you a lot 2 you want to find a book out to read.Now an e -textbook will 3 you.It is said that e -textbooks are going to be 4in Chinese middle schools.An e -textbook,in fact,is a small 5 for students.It is much 6 than a usual schoolbag and easy to carry.Though it is as small as a book,it can 7all the materials(材料) for study.The students can read the text page by page on the 8,take notes with the pointer(屏写笔),or even "9〞their homework to their teachers by sending e mails.All they have to do is to press a button.Some people say e -textbooks are good,but some say they may be 10for thestudents , eyes.What do you think of it?D.understandD.practice9.A.find out B.hand inC.get backD.give back思路分析:此题为完形填空题,是模拟必考题之一也是一道综合题.应从四方面入手:1.认真阅读短文,从句意词义入手,选择适当的词填空.2.从词的用法入手,看考查的是哪个词,它有什么用法.3.从固定搭配入手,包括介词的用法.4.从时态入手,根据时态的不同选用不同的动词形式 .在正确理解句意的前提下,抓住关键句,找到突破口.运用学过的词,词组或语法对空下"药〞.希望能在不断的练习中提高自己的综合语言运用能力,提高自身的素质.答案:1~5 BDCAD6~10 BACBD深化升华1.由"Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.〞可以判断出.2.由句意可知此句为"当你想找出一本书来读时,他会麻烦很多〞因此只能由when来引导时间状语从句.3.由句意可知"现在一本e -textbook将帮助你〞.4.比照各选项的词义可判断出,这里指"被使用〞.5.通读全文我们可以知道既可以用屏写笔在上写也可以读,可以判断出只能是台电脑.6.因为本文是对学生们的书包越来越重深表担忧,因此e textbook肯定更轻,因此lighter 符合题意.意为"保持,保存〞,build意为"建筑,建造〞,discover意为"发现〞,practice意为"练习,实践〞.根据词义只有hold符合题意.8.这是一种电子书因此只能有screen(荧屏) .9.根据选项的词义以及句意只有hand in(上交)与作业有关.表转折,因此前面说好(good)后面一定与此相反(bad) .例7任务型阅读(2021福建福州模拟)。
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结(最新最全)
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1 what’s the matter?短语归纳1.too much 太多2.lie down 躺下3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查4.take one ’s temperature 量体温5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药6.have a fever 发烧7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的13.thanks to多亏于；由于 14.in time及时15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病用法归纳1.need to do sth .需要去做某事2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事5.agree to do sth 同意做某事6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 e sth to do sth用某物去做某事语法点1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法3.不定代词的用法精细解读1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点总结完整版
Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、重点短语1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist看牙医13. get an X-ray拍X光片14. take one’ s temperature量体温15. put some medicine on sth在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fall down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42.have problems breathing呼吸困难43. mountain climbing登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so…that 如此……以至于……48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a difficult situation 在逆境屮50. keep on doing sth.坚持做某事51. make a decision做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃二、知识点解析1. What’s the matter? 怎么了？若是询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’s the matter with sb.?”拓展：What’s the matter with sb.? 的同义句：What’s wrong with sb.? / What’s the trouble with sb.?2.疾病类短语：have a +疾病. e.g. :have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽.have a +身体部位-ache. e.g.: have a headache 头痛have a toothache 牙痛.have a sore+身体部位. e.g.: have a sore throat咽喉痛have a sore back背痛例题：Mom, I____________.I’m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist right away.A. have a headacheB. have a stomachacheC. have a toothacheD. have a fever3. lie down 躺下V. 躺，平躺。
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八年级（下）英语知识讲解（人教）目录1 Unit 1 Will people have robots?2 Unit 2 What should I do?3 Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?4 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.5 Unit 5 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!6 Review of units 1-37 Review of units 4-58 八年级下学期期中复习（一）9 改错小练10 八年级下学期期中复习（二）11 八年级期中考试模拟题12 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?13 Unit 7Would you mind turning down the music?14 Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf?15 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?16 Unit 10 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?17 介词复习18 Review of units 6-819 Review of units 9-1020 八年级第二学期期末复习题21 八年级第二学期期末模拟试题22 How do you study for a test23 Unit2 I used to be afraid of the darkUnit 1Will people have robots?II. Grammar:·一般将来时·there will be ·few，a few，little，a little，much，many语法小结：一、一般将来时1．用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。
如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。
We are having fish for dinner.We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。
A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.2．用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。
Are you going to post that letter?How long is he going to stay here?I am going to book a ticket.另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。
It’s going to rain.George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.3. 用will/ shall do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示预见。
You will feel better after taking this medicine.Do you think it will rain?二是表示意图.I will not lend the book to you.Take it easy，I will not do it any longer.基本结构：She will come to have class tomorrow.Will she come to have class tomorrow?She won’t come to have class tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?二、There be结构1. there be结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。
There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。
There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。
There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。
2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。
并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。
如There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。
How many people are there in the city?这个城市里有多少人口？There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。
There are two books and a pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。
There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.教室里有一些学生和一位老师。
There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.教室里有一位老师和一些学生。
3. 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。
There is no time to lose (=to be lost). 时间紧迫。
There is nothing to see (=to be seen). 看不见有什么。
There is nothing to do. (=to be done)无事可做。
4、There is no doing.(口语)不可能…….There is no telling when he will be back. 无法知道他什么时候回来。
There is no knowing what he is doing.无法知道他在做什么。
三、课文难句解析1. Will people use money in 100years? 一百年后人们还会使用钱币吗？1) money 金钱；货币eg．What's the money? 价钱是多少?paper money 纸币；钞票2) in 100 years 在100年之后“in+一段时间”常用在将来时态中eg．I'll come in an hour. 我一小时后来。
I'll see you again in three days. 三天后我再见你。
2. There will be less leisure time．空闲时间会更少。
1) less形容词：较少的(是little的比较级)，修饰不可数名词，其最高级是least；反义词是more。
eg．Jane's less beautiful than Mary. 简不如玛丽漂亮。
Five is less than six．5比6少。
2) leisure time 空闲时间eg．What do you do in your leisure time? 你空闲时间做些什么？3. I think there will be more pollution．我认为将会有更多的污染产生。
1) think后跟的是宾语从句，且宾语从句是there be句型的一般将来时，结构为“there will be+物+其他成分”。
eg．I think it will rain tomorrow. 我认为明天会下雨。
I think there will be fewer trees. 我认为将来树木会更少。
2) pollution表示“污染”，用作不可数名词。
例如：They did a lot to stop water pollution．他们采取大量措施制止水污染。
4. I don't agree．我不同意。
agree在本句中作动词，I don't agree．是一句交际用语，表示“不赞成某人或某人的观点”，如果表赞成，则为I agree。
1) 表示“同意某人意见”时用agree with sb，该短语不能用于被动语态。
eg．Did you agree with him? 你同意他的意见吗?I don't agree with what she said．我不同意她所说的。
2) 表示“同意(某计划、办法、建议、条件)”时，用agree to(to在此用作介词，其后接名词、代词或者相当于名词的成分)，该短语可以用于被动语态。
eg．I agree to your idea．我同意你的想法。
My plan was agreed to by all of them．他们所有的人都同意我的计划。
3) 表示“就……取得一致意见”用agree on(或upon)，指“两者或两者以上的商定，达成协议”。
eg．They both agreed on the date for the meeting．他们双方都同意开会的日期。
4) agree后还可以接不定式，不接动名词，表示“同意做某事”。
eg．They agreed to leave tomorrow afternoon．他们同意明天下午动身。
5. What do you think Sally will be in five years? 你认为萨莉5年之后将会是什么样子?此句中的do you think是插入语，其后接的宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。
eg．Which book do you think she will like? 你认为她会喜欢哪本书?Who do you think did it? 你认为是谁干的那件事?6. I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去了上海，并且喜欢上了这座城市。
1) go表示“去”，过去式是went，“go to+地名”表示“到某地去”。
eg．When will you go to school? 你什么时候去上学？He will go to the factory tomorrow．他明天要去那所工厂。
如果go后面接副词，不用to。