RURE-BORE钻井液
钻井液学习
钻井液（drilling fluid）1．钻井液的类型及组成钻井液按分散介质（连续相）可分为水基钻井液、油基钻井液、气体型钻井流体等。
钻井液主要由液相、固相和化学处理剂组成。
液相可以是水（淡水、盐水）、油（原油、柴油）或乳状液（混油乳化液和反相乳化液）。
固相包括有用固相（膨润土、加重材料）和无用固相（岩石）。
化学处理剂包括无机、有机及高分子化合物。
①水基钻井液水基钻井液是一种以水为分散介质，以粘土（膨润土）、加重剂及各种化学处理剂为分散相的溶胶悬浮体混合体系。
其主要组成是水、粘土、加重剂和各种化学处理剂等。
水基钻井液基本经历了五个阶段，即天然钻井液（1904-1921年）、细分散钻井液（1921-1946年）、粗分散钻井液（1946-1973年）、不分散低固相钻井液（1966年至今）、无固相钻井液（1968年至今）、聚合物钻井液（1978年至今）阶段等。
水基钻井液还可分为：（1）淡水钻井液。
氯化钠含量低于10mg/cm³，钙离子含量低于0.12mg/cm³。
（2）盐水钻井液（包括海水及咸水钻井液）。
氯化钠含量高于10mg/cm³。
（3）钙处理钻井液。
钙离子含量低于0.12mg/cm³。
（4）饱和盐水钻井液。
含有一种或多种可溶性盐的饱和溶液。
（5）混合乳化（水包油）钻井液。
含有3%-40%乳化油类的水基钻井液（6）不分散低固相聚合物钻井液。
固相含量低于4%，含有适量聚合物。
（7）钾基钻井液。
氯化钾含量高于3%。
1978年以来开始在我国钻井现场使用。
（8）聚合物钻井液。
它是以聚合物为主体，配以降粘剂，降滤失剂、防塌剂和润滑剂等多种化学处理剂所组成的钻井液。
它是20世纪80年代发展起来的一种新型钻井液体系。
包括阳离子聚合物钻井液、两性离子聚合物钻井液、全阳离子聚合物钻井液、深井聚合物钻井液和正电胶钻井液等。
②油连续相钻井液油连续相钻井液（习惯称为油基钻井液）是一种以油（主要是柴油或原油）为分散介质，以加重剂、各种化学处理剂及水等为分散相的溶胶悬浮混合体系。
石油工程钻井液词汇(中英文)
石油工程钻井液词汇(中英文)
bottom-hole pressure (SBHP)是静态井底压力，即钻井液处于静止状态时，井底的压力。
（3）wetted perimeter 湿周，所谓的湿周是指过流断面流体与固体边壁接触的长度。
（4）Simulating a Circulating Wellbore 模拟循环的井眼。
（5）又遇到一个“岩屑，钻屑”的词，Drill Solids,之前还有一个是用Drilling cutting 或者cutting来表示。
（6）non-aqueous drilling fluids无水钻井液，是以其他物质为基液的一种钻井液，多半是油基钻井液。
（7）critical temperature临界温度，critical deepth 临界井深（8）Geomechanics 地质力学，岩石地质上有关的力学知识。
（9）Mechanical Earth Model机械地球模型（10）常见的钻井事故：
井壁坍塌hole collapse 卡钻stuck pipe是指，钻柱在井眼内无法拔出和下入井内，被卡住。
（11）deviated well斜井相对应的是直井（Vertical Well），还有一种是水平井，即井的形状在水平段是水平的，整个井型呈现一定曲率形状。
（12）Poisson’s ratio泊松比，是以泊松人名命名的，表示岩石的变形特性的量，是指横向变形量比上纵向变形量的比值。
（13）
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石油行业常用英语词汇
New Words-11.petroleum engineer石油工程师2.transmissivity导水率；导水系数3.void space空隙；孔隙空间4.porosity孔隙度；孔隙性；多孔性5.viscosity粘度；粘性；粘滞性6.permeability渗透率；渗透性7.hydrocarbon烃；碳氢化合物；油气8.porous medium多孔介质；孔隙介质9.vug孔洞；溶洞10.feldspar长石；长石类11.pore wall孔壁12.uniform均匀的；均一的13.core sample岩心样品；岩样14.log测井；录井；测井曲线15.cementation固井；胶结16.recrystallization再结晶；重结晶17.primary porosity原生孔隙度；原生孔隙率18.secondary porosity次生孔隙；次生孔隙度19.fracture裂缝；断裂20.matrix基质；基岩21.darcy达西22.centipoise厘泊23.Absolute permeability绝对渗透率24.fluid phase流体相；液相27.relative permeability相对渗透率28.plugging堵塞；封孔31.damaged well污染井；受污染井32.fluid content流体含量pressibility可压缩性；压缩系数34.overburden pressure地静压力；上覆岩层压力35.connate water共生水；原生水36.bottom water底水；底层水37.displace驱替；置换38.free gas自由气体；游离气39.separator分离器40.dimensionless无量纲的；无因次的41.withdrawal产出；采出42.barrel桶43.paraffin石蜡；链烷烃44.naphthene环烷；环烷烃45.aromatic芳香的；芳香剂46.vapor pressure蒸气压；蒸汽压力47.ethane乙烷48.heptane庚烷49.phase diagram相图；相态图50.bubble point泡点压力；泡点51.dewpoint露点52.envelope包线；包络53.cricondentherm临界凝析温度54.undersaturated不饱和的；欠饱和的55.volume factor体积系数；体积因数58.contact angle接触角；润湿边界角59.adhesion tension附着张力；胶粘张力60.pressure gradient压力梯度61.capillary action毛细管作用62.Darcy's law达西定律New Words-21.stud 双头螺栓，柱螺栓；短轴；柱块；键，散布；点缀；支承块（把聚晶金刚石复合片和钻头集体连接起来的零件）2.rotary drilling旋转钻井，转盘钻井3.promote促进，助长；发起，支持，提升5.cutting切削加工；切断；钻屑；锐利的，尖刻的6.beating打，敲；搅拌；跳动；失败7.bailing提捞8.bit一点，一些；刀片，刀头，钻头9.rig钻机，钻井装置10.hydrocarbon烃，碳氢化合物11.cable顿钻；钢索，吊线12.derrick 引入架，进线架；人字起重机，悬臂起重机；井架，钻塔13.cement 水泥；注水泥；胶合剂；胶，粘泥，胶合，渗碳，巩固，把…凝结在一起14.casing套，套管15.fulcrum支点，支轴16.bend弯头；可曲波导管；肘管17.fishing tool打捞工具，处理事故工具18.retrieve取回，起出，恢复，补救；出水，从水里出来20.swivel旋转接头，旋转台，水龙头；转轴21.rod杆；抽油杆；钻杆；标尺，测杆22.circulating fluid循环流体26.exploratory well探井27.circa大约28.inscription铭刻；题词；注册29.pit气孔，砂眼；矿井30.pulley滑轮，滑车；皮带轮35.vein矿脉，岩脉，纹理36.cypress柏树37.metallurgy冶金学38.jacket套，包壳；外套管，（海洋平台）导管架39.bore钻（孔）；打眼；孔洞40.log 测井，测井曲线；钻井记录，（下套管前的）划眼41.winch绞盘，绞车，用绞车提升42.ox牛43.tablet碑；小块；图形输入板44.downhole底部井眼；井下，井下的45.chisel凿子；凿（碎），砂，粗砂47.harsh苛刻的，恶劣的48.subsurface地下的，岩层的49.reservoir rock储集层50.Precambrian前寒武纪51.Sedimentary basin沉积盆地54.permafrost永冻层55.rig钻机，钻进装置57.tundra冻土地带，冰原58.skid滑架，滑橇；刹车，制动器59.Hercules海格立斯，大力神60.camouflage伪装，掩饰61.production platform生产平台，采油平台62.barrier island障壁岛63.frontier未勘探地区64.hoverbarge气垫驳船68.sediment沉积物69.linkage连动装置，连接耦合70.drill pipe钻杆71.porous rock多孔岩石72.saturate使饱和浸透73.aquifer含水层74.pore surface孔隙表面75.sand grain砂砾76.overburden上覆岩层，盖层77.lithostatic pressure岩石静压力78.well bore井射，井筒81.silt粉砂，淤泥82.clay粘土83.shale页岩，泥岩84.squeeze挤压85.interstitial隙间的，空隙的86.artesian自流的87.pressure head压头88.expulsion驱动机理89.interbedded夹层的90.sandstone砂岩91.dissipate驱散，消散92.piercement dome刺穿弯丘93.plume羽状，烟柱94.conduit导管，管路水道95.fracture裂缝96.blowout漏气，井喷97.mechanism机理100.inhibit禁止101.crack裂缝，破裂，裂化102.geothermal地热的103.bottom hole井底，井眼下部104.setting time凝固时间105.tubular管状的，空心的106.property性质，性能107.anhydrite无水石膏108.cementing casing注水泥套管109.permeability渗透性110.gumbo粘泥，粘性地层113.contaminant污染物，混油114.endurance耐久性，寿命115.corrosion腐蚀，熔蚀，锈蚀116.embrittlement脆裂，脆度117.sulfide embrittlement硫化氢（侵蚀）脆裂118.rotary rig旋转钻机119.torque扭距120.drill stem钻柱121.regulate调整122.annulus环形空间123.cantilevered mast折叠式轻便井架124.jackknife折叠式的125.derrick人宇起重机，井架126.drawworks绞车127.hoisting起钻128.prefabricated预钻配得的129.pin销，销钉，锁销130.enhance增强131.substructure井架底座132.rated定额的133.fluctuate脉动，波动134.crownblock天车135.mast桅杆式井架136.monkey-board二层台，候台137.traveling block游动滑车138.swivel水龙头139.elevator吊卡140.kelly方钻杆141.master bushing方补心，转盘方瓦142.kelly bushing方钻杆补心143.rathole大鼠洞144.back-up tong背钳，固定大钳145.mack up tong接管用大钳146.mousehole小鼠洞147.driller console司钻控制台148.Doghouse移动式井场值班房152.pipe rack管架153.shale shaker泥浆振动筛154.choke manifold节流管汇，阻流管汇155.degasser脱气装置159.blowout preventer stack防喷器组160.submersible座底式平台，沉没的161.jack-up自升式平台162.drillship钻井船163.draft通风，草稿164.tow拖，拉165.hull外壳，船身166.seabed海床，海底167.spud can定位桩罐168.mat底板，底座169.cumbersome不方便的，繁重的170.drilling slot井槽171.indent凹陷，在…上压凹痕172.cantilever悬臂，角撑架173.caisson沉井，凹格174.stationary platform固定平台175.submerged沉没的，淹没的176.pontoons浮筒，平底船177.mooring停泊，锚系装置178.propeller螺旋桨，推进器179.configuration轮廓，构形，浮动装置180.hull外壳181.rectangular矩形的182.wedge楔形183.pentagonal五角形的，五边形的184.conduit管路，水道185.pitch架设，布置，沥青190.skid滑动，制动器191.dismantle拆除，拆掉192.remedial work修井作业193.concrete gravity structure混凝土重力式平台194.monopod单腿（平台）195.guyed tower platform绷强塔式平台196.hoisting提升（钻具）197.rotary table转盘199.disconnect拆开200.spool线轴201.drum气泡，鼓轮202.cat shaft猫头轴203.cable绞线204.clamp夹钳，夹具，线夹205.deadline anchor死绳锚206.hose水龙带207.drill collar钻铤208.kelly cock方钻杆旋塞209.valve阀210.kelly drive bushing方钻杆补心211.standpipe立管213.stroke冲程215.exit出口，退出216.screen out滤砂217.centrifugal离心的218.centrifuge离心机219.hydrostatic水静力学的，流体静力学的220.kick井涌，溢流221.sealing element密封元件222.choke节流器223.choke manifold节流管汇，阻流管汇224.choke flow line节流管线225.drilling fluid钻井液（流体）226.tool joints工具接头227.kelly方钻杆228.weight on the bit钻压232.kelly-saver sub方钻杆保护接头233.cock考克234.crossover sub转换（向），接头235.shock sub震击器236.bumper sub缓冲器237.stabilizers稳定器238.full gauge hole足尺井眼239.cushion减震器240.telescoping joint伸缩（式）接头，伸缩节，滑动套筒节241.floating rig浮动钻机242.blades刀翼（片），刮刀243.pin pointing夯桩，定位245.diamond bits金刚石钻头246.drag bit刮刀钻头led tooth铣齿248.insert teeth镶齿249.rolling cutter bit牙轮钻头250.cuttings岩屑，碎屑251.roller cone bits牙轮钻头252.PDC bit（Poly-crystalline diamond compact）PDC钻头253.self-sharpening自锐（作用）254.fresh edge impact-resistant抗冲击255.hole opener扩眼器（扩眼钻头）256.underreamer（套）管下扩眼器257.collapsible arms可伸缩式臂（支杆）261.journal轴颈（滑动）轴承262.lubricant reservoir储油腔263.penetration rate机械钻速，进尺速度264.formation damage地层伤害267.additives添加剂268.subsurface pressure）地下压力（井内压力269.pore pressure孔隙压力270.kick气侵，气体侵入井内，井涌，溢流271.underbalance欠平衡（的）272.mud column泥浆（液）柱273.control of the well井控274.barite重晶石（石粉），硫酸钡275.cavernous formation坍塌地层，洞穴性地层276.filter cake泥饼，滤饼277.gel strength静切力，胶凝强度278.marsh viscometer马氏粘度计279.annular velocities环空速度280.lubricant润滑剂281.side-wall sample井壁岩样282.saltwater-based盐水基（的）283.electrical logging电测井284.fresh water-muds淡水泥浆285.water-sensitive水敏性（的）286.bentonite膨润土287.attapulgite坡缕石，绿坡缕石288.walnut hulls胡桃壳289.Chrome Lignosulfonates无铬磺化木质素290.polymer聚合物291.shredded cellophance（堵漏用）赛璐粉屑292.Mica flakes云母（碎）片295.exploration wells探井296.seismic data地震资料297.development wells开发（生产）井298.profitability盈利能力299.drilling program钻井程序，进度表，计划300.cost estimate成本估算301.well-completion完井302.pay thickness产层厚度303.testing试井，测试，试验的304.operating company作业（经营），公司305.drilling contractor钻井承包商（签订合同的人）306.oil-producting采油（产油）307.capital investments资金（本），投资308.daywork rates日钻进速度309.stand by等候，准备，停钻310.AFE（Authority for expenditure）批准预算311.offshore location海上定位312.navigational aids助航设备313.triangulation三角测量，三角形化314.target目的层，目标，（中）靶315.terrain地形（势），岩层316.matting垫层，表面粗糙的317.floundering弄乱，搞糟，着慌的318.crushed-rock压碎的岩石319.drainage ditch排水沟320.shallow fresh-water浅层淡水321.mud pit泥浆池（箱）322.cellar井口，油矿井口，地下室，油盒323.pile diver打桩机324.drive pipe打入地层的管子325.drilling floor钻台326.substructure井架底座，底层结构327.frame work网格，框架yout总布置图，线路图，定位，观测系统，设计329.inventories物资（开）清单，库存量330.roughnecks钻工331.the tool pusher钻井工地主任（技师，队长）332.superintendent管理（监督）人333.derrick man井架工，架子工334.platform（钻井）平台335.guiding the pipe导（定）向钻杆，导管336.rotary helpers副司钻，司钻助手337.trip in or out起，下钻338.tongs管（吊）钳，夹具，钻井用大钳339.make up添架，装备，补偿340.break out卸（打）开，卸掉341.odd job零星工作，零活342.crane吊车，升降设备343.fishing打捞（作业）344.mousehole接单根用的小鼠洞345.kelly bushing方补心346.slip卡瓦，滑脱，打滑，滑动347.grip夹具，卡子351.rotary bushing转盘补心352.elevators吊卡353.racked in排放（立）在…354.bit breaker钻头装卸器355.rathole放方钻杆的鼠洞，井底口袋tch锁紧，安全锁357.gusher自喷井358.spewing oil喷（溢）出油，渗出物359.telltale信号装置，指示器，报警器360.pressure gradient压力梯度362.Stack（ed）靠在井架指梁上的砾柱，排气管，防喷器组，套，累计363.ram-type preventers闸板式防喷器364.rubber jaws橡胶颚，滑块365.blind rams全封闭防喷器闸板366.shear rams剪切式闸析367.accumulator储（液）罐，储能器，存储器368.choke line节流管线369.special choke（专用，特制）节流阀370.kill line压井管线371.dangerous level危险程度（液面，高度）372.lost circulation井漏，循环液漏失373.back pressure回压，反压力374. a constant bottomhole pressure（CBHP）不变井底压力（保持井底压力为常数）375.kick-killing压井376.mud logging泥浆测（录）井377.subsurface geology地下地质学378.jargon（本专业）术语，行话379.mud logger泥浆测井仪380.lithological log岩性测井，岩性录井，岩性柱状图381.logging device测井仪器，测井装置382.radioactive logging放射性测井383.acoustical logging声波测井384.spontaneous potential log自然电位测井385.induction log感应测井386.bombardment轰击，粒子辐射，碰撞，照射387.hydrocarbon saturation含油（烃）饱和度388.sonde测井电极系，探测器（针）389.logging facilities测井设备（装置，机构）390.sidewall sampler井壁岩样391.explosive charge射孔弹，炸药392.punching out冲击的孔，穿孔393.core bit取心钻头394.logistical后勤的395.vessel容器，船，器皿396.buoyancy浮力397.moor使船停泊398.turret转动架，回转头，转塔399.moonpool月形开口，船井400.propeller螺旋桨推进器401.monitor检查，监听，监控402.BOP（blowout preventer）防喷器403.BOP stack防喷器组404.guide base导向基座405.flex joint挠性连接，柔性接头409.block大块，滑车pensator补偿器411.Performance requirement性能要求412.contingency偶然，偶然性413.sub接头414.jet bit喷射钻头415.whipstock造斜器，用造斜器侧钻416.tri-cone三维，三牙轮417.nozzle钻头水眼418.concave凹形的，凹入的419.casedhole下套管井420.gyroscope陀螺仪，回转仪421.torque转矩422.hazard事故，不测事件423.crane起重机424.capsule雷管，帽状器425.self-propelled自行式的New Words-31．logging测井2．lithology岩石学；岩性学；岩性3．stratigraphy地层学；地层地质学4．self-potential自然电位7．8．cable电缆；吊缆；缆索9．sonde探测装置；探针；探头10．logging truck测井车14．compressibility可压缩性；压缩系数15．interface界面；分界面16．well site井场；井位17．Electrical Logging电测；电测井18．Microlog微电极测井19．induction electrical log感应测井；感应电测20．nuclear logging核测井；放射性测井21．scintillometer闪烁计；闪烁计数器22．gamma activityγ放射性；γ射线放射性；伽马放射性23．probe探针；探头；探测24．counting rate计数率；计算速度；辐射强度25．gamma ray logging自然伽马测井；γ射线测井26．casing套管；下套管27．pulsed neutron logging脉冲中子测井28．tubing油管29．density logging密度测井30．GDC地球物理数据中心31．acoustic log声波测井；声测井；声速测井32．compressional wave压缩波；纵波；P波33．shear wave横波；剪切波；S波36．directional log孔斜测井37．dipmeter log倾角测井；倾角测井图38．caliper log井径测井；孔径测井39．casing inspection log套管检查测井；套管探伤测井40．collar locator log接箍定位测井41．telemetry system遥测系统42．caliper curve井径曲线43．salinity矿化度；含盐量New Words-41.I t follows that…因此，结果是；随之而来的是2.initial completion初始完井3.rig-site 钻井井场4.abandon a well报废5.drillsite钻井井场6.openhole completion裸眼完井7.liner completion衬管完井8.tied back 回接9.cased and perforated completion 下套管射孔完井10.slot n.缝, 狭槽, 位置, 水沟, 细长的孔, 硬币投币口, 狭通道, 足迹 vt. 开槽于, 跟踪11.cementing n.注水泥12.stage cementing n.分级注水泥13.production string n.生产套管14.haul n.用力拖拉, 拖, 拉 vi.拖, 拉, 改变方向, 改变主意 vt.拖拉, 拖运15.imperfection n. 缺陷，不完全性，不完美性；机械误差16.packer n.封隔器；包装机，打包机17.acoustic adj.声波的，声学的，声的，声学的，听觉的18.acoustic cement bond log 声波水泥固结测井20.bypass通过旁道；忽视；回避；越过旁路，支路；旁通管，回绕管；分路迂回21.gamma ray log自然伽马测井，Y射线测井22.sonde探测器，探空仪；探棒，探针测井电极系23.BOP stack 防喷器组24.tubing head 油管头25.stimulate （油井）增产，（注水井）增注；刺激，激励；强化，激化26.hydraulically fracturing 水力压裂27.acidizing n.酸化处理28.bring in v.投产，生产；挣得，介绍引进31.jet perforator聚能射孔枪32.Explosive charge 炸药；射孔弹33.Cement sheath 水泥环34.versatility n. 通用性，多用性，易变性35.bazooka n. 火箭筒36.conical adj.圆锥形的, 圆锥的，圆锥体的37.Bullet perforator子弹射孔器38.projectile n 射弹，炮弹；抛射体，抛射的；推进的39.carrier n.托架，支座；载体，载波，载流子，吸收剂，承运人，担体〔载体〕；运输工具40.detonate vt, vi-nated, -nating 爆炸；起爆41.detonating cord 引爆线，导火索42.retrievable 可收回的，可起出的，可替换的；可恢复的，可补救的44.electric detonator 电雷管45.set off 引起爆炸，使爆炸；出发，启程 (= set out；set forth)46.blasting cap detonator 起爆雷管，起爆筒47. a fraction of a second 不到一秒48.fully expendable gun全消毁式射孔枪49.frangible adj.易碎的，脆弱的，脆度的50.aluminum n.[化]铝53.semiexpendable gun 部分回收射孔枪54.potassium n. [化]钾 (19号元素, 符号K)55.bromide n. [化]溴化物pletion fluid 完井液58.surge 波动；急变；骤增；滑脱，打滑；起伏，颠簸59.differential n.差额，差别，差异；微分 adj.微分的；有差别的60.clog n. v.阻塞；障碍 n.木底鞋；障碍61.tubing-conveyed perforating gun 油管传送射孔枪62.wireline 测井电缆；钢丝绳，绳索起下的钢缆；铠装电缆63.phasing 相位角；定相；相位调整64.successive相继的，连续的，逐次的65.multiple completion 多层完井 pay 产层有效厚度67.be given to doing sth.喜爱于…；习惯于…68.sand control 防砂70.tertiary 第三纪，第三系；第三的，第三级的，第三位的，第三期的；特的，叔的71.casing collapse 套损72.sanded-up 砂堵73.epoxy resin n.环氧树脂74.sand consolidation 固砂75.wire-wrapped screen 绕丝筛管76.gravel pack 砾石充填77.guideline 指南，准则；指标；导向图；导向索，导向绳；准线78.underream (套)管下扩眼，n.扩孔不足79.ream扩眼，铰孔80.workover 油井维修New Words-51.exploration 勘探, 探测, 测定探险2.take shape 成形; 具体化; 有显着发展3.dimension 尺寸，维〔数〕；元，量纲，因次；面积，容积，大小；范围，方面4.interaction n.相互作用，相互影响；相互感应；干扰，干涉ponent 元件，部件成分，组分；零件；分力，分量6.cross section (横)截面, 断面图; 典型剖面7.conductor 导管（套管之一种），导体，导线；避雷针；〔电缆〕缆芯, n.售票员；(乐队)指挥9.drive pipe 击入管，强下入的套管10.surface casing 表层套管11.freshwater 淡水12.producing string ( of casing) 生产套管(油层套管)＝ production casing13.intermediate casing 中间套管(技术套管)14.production tubing 生产油管15.tubing hanger 油管挂，油管悬挂器16.dual completion, triplecompletion双管（层）、三管（层）完井17.artificial lift 人工举升18.groove n.槽, 惯例，沟；企口 vt.开槽于19.slip .滑，滑动，打滑，滑脱；转数减小；漏失；滑率；滑距；卡瓦20.trigger vt.扣扳机(开枪等); 发射,激发, 引起(off)21.multistring 多管柱22.sliding sleeve 滑套23.circulating sleeve 循环套筒24.blast joint 耐磨接头25.heavy-duty tubing 加厚(耐磨)油管26.auxiliary adj.辅助的, 补助的27.shear pin 剪钉，剪切销钉，安全销钉28.tension 张力，拉力，拉紧，紧张〔状态〕；压强nding nipple 定位接头，调整短管接头30.choke 油嘴，节流器，节气门，挡板；节流31.pressure gauge 压力表32.flow coupling 流动耦合器33.restriction n.节流装置，限制,油门,噪扰34.turbulent flow 湍流，紊流35.side-pocket mandrel偏心的工作筒36.subsurface safety valve 井下安全阀37.assembly 总成，集合；装配，总装；部件，系统；机组，仪表组38.wellhead n.井口,表层套管顶部法兰,水源,泉源,井源41.inventory 库存量，存货，备品目录；开清单；矿藏量42.casinghead 套管头43.stub 短管，残端，残根，截短的零件；粗短支柱，柱墩；截短的，截头的；短线44.packoff 密封装置45.casing spool 套管防喷法兰短节46.master valve 总阀; 主阀47.gate valve闸阀48.pressure-actuated 压力驱动的49.bean 油嘴，节流器豆，豆形果实；粒煤50.orifice孔板；口；孔；锐孔；喷嘴，喷管51.positive choke 固定油嘴52.adjustable choke 可调油嘴53.bolt n.螺栓；插销 vt.闩门54.clamp n.卡箍，夹子, 夹具, 夹钳vt.夹住, 夹紧55.mixture n.混合, 混合物, 混合剂pound n. [化]化合物,混合物,adj.复合的v.混合, 配合57.scalen.垢；刻度，衡量，数值范围，比例尺，天平59.dehydrate vt.(使)脱水60.disposable adj.可任意使用的61.refinery n. 炼油厂，精炼厂n.精炼厂,精炼厂,62.assortment n.分类，n.种类,分类,各色俱备之物63.TFL （through-flow-line）回收管64.calibrate v. 刻度，校准，标定；使标准化，使合标准，划分度数；定口径mingle vt.,vi.混合；掺合66.impingement撞击；打击；震，水锤，〔晶生长中〕碰接67.adherence n.吸附；粘着；严守，坚持68.mist extractor 除雾器69.retention 滞留，保留，保持〔力〕；包装牢固性70.baffle挡板，折流板，障板，换向板；导流片71.inertia n.惯性, 惯量72.coalescence n 聚结，聚合，结合，合并73.backpressure 回压74.pneumatic adj. 气动的，装满空气的, 汽力的, n.气胎75.gas-liquid ratio 气液比76.paraffin n.石蜡77.cost-efficient 成本效率的，有效益的78.manipulate vt.(熟练地)操作, 使用(机器等), 利用, 应付, 假造vt.(熟练地)操作,巧妙地处理79.knockout n.打击；脱模；出坯；分离，分液；〔挡板式〕气液分离器80.turbulence n.涡流，紊流，湍流，紊度；汹动；沤涌，旋涡81.emulsion n.乳状液, [医]乳剂, [摄]感光乳剂82.emulsify vt.使乳化83.agitation n.搅拌，搅动，摇动；激动84.carbonate n.[化]碳酸盐vt.使变成碳酸盐, 使充满二氧化碳85.sulfate n.[化] 硫酸盐v.以硫酸或硫酸盐处理, 使变为硫酸盐86.interfacial adj.界面的,分界面的,面间的87.rupture v.破裂, 裂开, 断绝n.破裂, 决裂；击穿〔绝缘〕88.demulsify v.[化]破乳，反乳化89.trial and error 反复试验, 不断摸索90.gravity segregation重力分离（分异）91.gun barrel 油水分离器，沉降罐92.flume n. 液槽,水槽, 斜槽,水道vt.顺流搬运, 用槽引水vi.利用水槽, 造水槽93.siphon n.虹吸管，.虹吸94.coalescence n.聚结，聚合，结合，合并95.dipole n.[物]偶极，偶极子，对称振子；偶极天线96.dehydration n.脱水，去水作用,脱水作用,失水97.effluent n.流出物, 污水n.废液,污水,流出物adj.排放物发出的, 流出的98.stubborn adj. 难处理的，顽固的, 固执的, 坚定的, 坚决的, 难应付的,99.specification n.详述, 规格, 说明书, 规范100.residue n.残渣, 渣滓, 滤渣, 残数, 剩余物101.desalt vt. 脱盐，除去盐分102.intimate adj.亲密的, 隐私的vt.宣布, 明白表示n.熟友103.dehydrator n脱水器104.desalination n. 脱盐，减少盐分, 脱盐作用105.volatile adj. 易挥发的；挥发性的, 不稳定的,爆炸性的，易失的106.fractionation n.分馏法n.分数化，分馏；分级，精馏；分数化107.stripping n.汽提,解吸,剥离，脱模, 拆模，拆卸,剥片108.subdivide v.再分, 细分109.positive volume 正向体积110.positive displacement 容积式111.turbine 涡轮112.mass flow meter 质量流量计113.integrate vt.求和，使成整体, 使一体化, 求...的积分v.结合，积累；n.积分114.capacitance n.容量, 电容115.dielectric constant介电常数，电容率116.dielectric n.电介质, 绝缘体adj.非传导性的pressor n.压缩物, 压缩机, [医]收缩肌118.provision n.供应, (一批)供应品, 预备, 防备, 规定，条款；备付金额，准备金119.hydrate n. 水合物，氢氧化物v.与水化合，含水物，霜化物，霜冻物；水合，水化120.toxic adj.有毒的, 中毒的，有害的，有毒的；毒药，毒物，毒剂122.scrubber n涤气器，洗涤塔；.洗刷者[物]，洗涤器，〔湿式〕除尘器，清洁器123.fiberglass n.玻璃纤维,玻璃丝124.substantial adj. 充实的，相当大的，坚固的, 实质的125.throttle 节流，节流阀；油门，风门〔杆〕；节流圈；调速汽门；节制，调节；减速126.desiccant n.干燥剂adj.使干燥的, 去湿的127.glycol n.乙二醇128.methanol n.[化]甲醇129.alumina n.[化]氧化铝(亦称矾土)130.distillation n.蒸馏, 蒸馏法, 蒸馏物, 精华, 精髓131.sweetening脱硫；脱臭132.amine n.[化]胺133.bubble-cap tray 泡罩塔盘134.dehydrator n.(=dehydrater)脱水器，脱水剂，烘房135.sulfide n.<美>[化]硫化物136.slurry n. 浆，泥浆137.as a rule of thumb 粗略来讲138.reciprocating compressor活塞［往复］压气机139.centrifugal compressor离心式压缩机140.steam turbine 汽轮机141.internal combustion engine 内燃机142.slippage n.滑脱，滑动, 滑移, 滑程144.atomize vt. .雾化,使分裂为原子, 将...喷成雾状n粉化145.fluctuation n.波动, 起伏,振幅146.magnitude n.大小, 数量, 巨大, 广大, 量级147.artificial lift 人工举升pressible adj.可压缩的, 可压榨的149.radii n.半径150.coordinate 坐标，配位，同位；同等的，对等的，协调的，并列的，坐标的151.slope n. 斜率；斜坡, 斜面, 倾斜v.(使)顺斜;断层补角；褶皱翼，大陆坡152.intercept截距；vt.中途阻止, 截取，截击；中止；交切153.deliverability 地层供油能力，供应能力, 输送能力，运输能力154.absolute open flow (AOF)potential绝对无阻（敞喷）流量155.pistonlike displacement 活塞式驱替156.beam pump 梁式泵157.pistonlike displacement ofliquid slug液体段塞活塞式驱替158.plunger lift 柱塞举升159.sucker rod 抽油杆, 深井泵活塞杆160.sucker n. 活塞，吸管；〔泵的〕吸入活塞；吸入器161.prominence n着名；杰出；显着；重要；突出162.stripper n. 产油极少的井；低产井163.intermittent adj.间歇的, 断断续续的，间断的164.macaroni n. 小直径管， n.空心面165.aeration n. 充气；通风；松砂；分散，松散166.buildup 压力恢复；组合, 集结, 累积, 形成，建造，装配，安装；组成，结构；构造；形成，产生；聚集；压力增加，增斜，造斜；岩隆169.productivity index 采油指数170.interval n.间隔, 间距，层段，距离, 幕间休息，期间，区间；周期；差异tch v.锁住，锁扣，锁销，锁键，安全锁销，弹键；凸轮； n.门插销172.linear adj.线的, 直线的, 线性的173.oscillation n.摆动, 振动，振荡；振幅174.gear reducer齿轮减速器（箱）175.prime mover 原动机176.upstroke 上行冲程，活塞上行，n.向上的一击, 向右上挑的笔迹177.traveling valve 游动凡尔[阀]178.downstroke[冶]下行程(结晶器)，[机]下行冲程179.designation n. 名称，牌号，符号表示；指示, 指定,指明，指定；目标180.coupling n.接箍，联结, 接合, 耦合；联轴器，偶接器，联合器181.taper v.逐渐变细, 逐渐减少，n.锥形, 锥度182.torque rating n.扭矩值, 转矩值183.peak load最大荷载，峰值负载184.equalizer平衡器；补偿器；均衡器；平衡块185.pitman n.游梁拉杆，联接杆，矿工（尤指煤矿工人）186.crank n.[机]曲柄, 奇想adj.脾气暴燥的, 易怒的187.bridle n.悬挂器，马勒, 缰绳 v.上笼头，加长电缆188.fulcrum n.杠杆的支点, 支点, 叶附属物yout n. 设计,规划,安排，布置；划线，放样；平面图，总布置图，线路图190.transformer n.[电] 变压器, 使变化的人191.voltage n.[电工]电压, 伏特数192.switchboard n.配电盘, 接线总机，配电板；交换机，交换台193.overload protection超(负)载防护, 防止过载194.junction box 接线盒195.migrate vi.移动, 移往, 移植, 随季节而移居, (鸟类的)迁徙196.jet pump 射流泵197.momentum n. 动量，动力, 要素，冲力，冲量；力量198.chamber lift 汇集室式气举199.winch n. 绞车；绞盘,用绞车提升200.pneumatic adj. 气动的，装满空气的, 有气胎的, 汽力的, 风力的, 灵魂的n.气胎New Words-63．hydraulic fracturing水力压裂4．completion完井5．workover油井维修6．wellbore井眼；井筒7．Drill pipe钻杆；钻管8．matrix acidizing基质酸化9．fracture acidizing压裂酸化10．well-killing Well Control压井11．skin damage表皮伤害12．pad fluid前置液；缓冲液13．linear flow线性流动；直线流动16．wormhole酸蚀孔洞casing套管19．filtercake滤饼20．screenout滤砂；脱砂21．sintered bauxite烧结铝矾土；烧结陶粒22．core岩心23．screen滤网epoxy resin环氧树脂26．openhole completion裸眼完井27．sand consolidation地层砂胶结；固砂28．telltale信号装置；指示器29．downhole井底；底部井眼；下向井眼pressure pulse压力脉冲New Words-71.casing leak套管漏失, 套管泄漏2.remaining oil剩余油3.enhanced oil recover(EOR)提高采收率, 强化采油4.primary recovery初次开采, 一次开采7.10.water flooding注水11.leading edge前沿, 前缘12.oil saturation含油饱和度, 油饱和率13.residual oil saturation残余油饱和度16.pore volume净孔隙体积, 有效孔隙体积17.effective permeability有效渗透性, 有效渗透率18.areal sweep efficiency面积波及系数19.vertical sweep efficiency垂向波及效率, 纵向波及系数volumetric Sweep Efficiency体积波及效率, 体积波及系数22.mobility ratio流度比23.breakthrough见水, 生产井见水, 油井见水24.five-spot pattern五点井网, 五点布井法25.producing well生产井, 出油井, 产油井26.“finger”指进29.wettability可湿性, 润湿性30.capillary effect毛细管效应31.relative permeability相对渗透率32.interfacial tension表面张力, 界面张力33.alkali碱34.xanthan gum生物胶, 黄原胶35.polysaccharide多糖, 聚糖, 多糖类36.polyacrylamide聚丙烯酰胺37.shear rate剪切率, 剪切速率, 切变速率38.slug段塞39.microemulsion微乳状液，胶束溶液40.micellar solution胶束溶液41.aqueous phase水相，液相，含水相42.capillary retention毛细管滞留作用43.foam flooding泡沫驱油44.caustic flooding碱水驱油cosurfactant助表面活性剂47.48.asphaltenes沥青质49.cyclic steam injection蒸汽吞吐法50.steam flooding蒸气驱油51.water cut含水率52.In-situ combustion火烧油层53.microwave heating微波加热54.dry forward combustion干式正向燃烧55.reverse combustion反向燃烧56.wet combustion湿式燃烧57.coke焦炭58.EM wave电磁波59.miscible flooding混相驱60.WAG水/气交替注入61.LPG轻质石油气62.enriched gas drive富化气驱63.lean gas干气, 贫气64.inert gas惰性气体65.microbial enhanced oil recovery微生物强化采油66.cyclic microbial recovery周期性微生物采油法67.fatty acids脂肪酸New Words-81．reservoir management油藏管理4．dissolved gas drive溶解气驱5．gas cap drive气顶驱动6．combination drive复合驱；复合驱动7．gravity drainage重力泄油；重力驱油8．critical saturation临界饱和度9．production performance生产工况；生产动态10．oil zone含油带；油带11．production rate采油速度；产量；开采速度12．injection well注入井；注水井13．pressure drop压降；压力降14．prospective reserve远景储量15．simulation模拟；仿真。
石油工程专业英语
第一章石油钻井工程英语基础第1节石油钻井工程基础词汇1.钻探，钻井：drill————拓展记忆钻井：drilling定向斜井directional drilling 欠平衡钻井under-balance 海上钻井off-shore陆地钻井on-land drilling 钻头：drill bit 刮刀钻头：drag bit 牙轮钻头rock bit 金刚石钻头diamond bit 喷射钻头jet bit 钻铤drill collar 衣领collar钻杆：drill pipe 钻井队drilling crew 钻机 drill rig 钻井泥浆drilling mud钻井液 drilling fluid2.油，石油：oil————拓展记忆原有 crude oil 石油 petroleum 中国石油 Petro-China 采油 oil production采油设备 oil production equipment 采油平台 oil production platform 油泵 oil pump 3.地质：geology————拓展记忆地质专业人员 geologist 物理 physics地球物理勘探 geo-physical probe，geo-physical exploration测井 logging 测井作业 logging operations 测井记录 logging record4.油井：well————拓展记忆井眼 hole 油井 oil well 试井，油井测试 well test 井下 down-hole井下作业 down-hole operation第2节石油钻井方法基础词汇原油 crude oil 天然气 natural gas 煤层气 coal-bed gas 一体化设计 integral design 钻井 drilling 钻井原理 the principles of drilling顿钻钻井 percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling 旋转钻井 rotary drilling液体冲击 fluid percussion 大位移 big deviation侧钻井 sidetracking drilling technology lateraldrilling水平井 horizontal well 探井 wildcat，wildcat drilling 深井 deep well 浅井 shallow well老井 maturing well 欠平衡钻井 under-balanced drilling 丛式钻井 cluster drilling technology煤层气井 coal-bed gas well 生产井 production wells 报废井 abandon wells停产井 non-production wells 绕障井、三维井 three-dimensional wells常温井 normal temperature well 注采井 injection and production well 稠油井 heavy oil well热洗井 hot washing pipe 井况 well condition石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范，技术指标，技术性能：specification拉伸 tension 拉伸强度 tension strength 应力 stress 压力 pressure 应力点 stress point压力等级 pressure grade 压力降 pressure drop 压力梯度 pressure gradient回压 back pressure 大气压 atmosphere 压差 differential pressure静液柱压力 static fluid column pressure 特征 characteristic，feature定性讨论 qualitative argiment 定量使用quantitative use液体 liquid 固体 solid 气体 gas，air 正的positive 负的 negative虚线 dashed line，broken line 实线 full line 递减率 decline rate 正比于 be proportional to水平的 horizontal 垂直的vertical 油层静压 the formation static pressure石油钻井参数基础词汇负荷 load 扭矩 torque 扭转 twist 摩擦 friction钻压 WOB, weight on bit,weight, drilling weight钻速 rate of penetration, drilling rate, the rate of drilling, average ROP 钻井周期 drilling period钻速 rotary speed 地层压力预测 formation pressure prediction technology地层快速预测 the formation fast prediction 埋藏深度 bury depth产油层，产油带，pay zone，productive formation温度梯度 temperature gradient 地层压力 formation pressure 坍塌压力 collapse pressure破裂压力 fracture pressure 平衡压力 equilibrium pressure钻具（柱）压力 drilling string pressure 钻头振动 vibration of bit 钻井成本 drilling costs井眼尺寸 hole size，well size 参数计算 parameters calculation几何参数 geometric parameters 参数分析 parameter analysis 动态参数 dynamic data 静态监测 static data 注水参数 parameter of injection 参数、变量variables 井距well space垂直深度 vertical depth 水平位移 horizontal deviation 总深度 total depth水平位移 horizontal displacement 最大井斜角maximum hole inclination井眼环空 annulus space 压力调节器 pressure regulator 恢复（增加）压力the build-up pressure初始开采 primary recovery 含水地层 water bearing formation 套管漏失casing leak 摩擦损失 friction losses 气聚阀gas-lift valve 石蜡族 paraffin series含气液柱gas-laden column 增产措施stimulation treatment 流动能力flowing capacity生产速率 production rate 水驱 water drive 气驱 gas drive 网状系统 grid system水侵 water influx 五点法five-spot pattern 油井产量 well-productivity 径向流radial system富气 enriched gas 贫气lean gas 气顶 gas cap 气驱 gas drive（or gas flooding）水驱 water drive (or water flooding) 地层伤害 formation damage 波及系数 sweep efficiency泄油半径drainage radius 基岩处理matrix treatment 单级脱气single stage separation泄油面积drainage area 表面张力surface tension 束缚力connate water（or interstitial water）石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称1 钻井队 drilling crew 队、组 crew、team2 技术员 technician 钻井技术员 drilling technician 泥浆技术员 mud technician3 监督 supervisor 钻井监督 drilling supervisor 副监督 assisstant supervisor地质监督 geology supervisor4 工程师 engineer 泥浆工程师 mud engineer 泥浆工 mudman机械工程师 mechanic engineer 引擎、发动机 engine 工程 engineering钻井工程 drilling engineering 采油工程 production engineering石油工程 petroleum engineering 试油工程 oil test engineering拓展记忆---------------------------工作项目 project 希望工程 the hope project 三峡工程 the Three-Gorge Project项目经理 project manager 工程管理 project management 钻工：roughneck、floorman 司钻 driller 副司钻 assistant driller 钻井队长 drilling foreman 钻井领班 tool pusher井架工 derrick man 发动机工，机工 motorman 钻台工 floorman机械师 technicians，mechanic 电焊工 welder 电工electrician 医生 doctor材料员 material man，staff man 炊事员 cook 翻译 interpreter, tansalator洗衣工 laundry man石油作业现场常用工具石油作业现场普通工具扳手 wrench 螺丝起子 screwdriver 多角螺丝起子 Phlilips screwdriver活动扳手 monkey wrench，adjustable 钳子 pliers 手斧 hatchet 钩子 hook 台钳bench vice榔头 hammer 木锤 mallet 搬手 spanner 锯子 saw 电动手锯 jigsaw 电锯 power saw 钢锯hacksaw 硬尺rule 软尺tape measure 砂纸sandpaper 油漆paint 油漆刷paintbrush绝缘胶布 electrical tape 电线 wire 插头 plug 电插座 outlet 开关 switch 螺栓bolt螺帽 nut 钉子 nail 电钻 electric drill 钻头 bit 工作台 workbench 工具箱 toolbox 胶水 glue 交棒 glue bar 管钳 pipe tongs，pipe spanner，wrench链钳 chain tongs，chain spanner，chain wrench护丝 thread protector，screw protector 手轮 hand wheel 阀门搬手 valve wrench，valve spanner 链接法兰 coupling flange 安全带 safety belt 安全帽 safety cap 工作靴 working boots 千斤顶 jack 吊车 crane 拖拉机 tractor 推土机 dozer 刮刀 scraper1、石油作业现场专业工具接头 sub 配合接头 X-over，cross-over 提升短接 lifting sub，lifting nipple elevator 卡瓦 slip 母锥 box bell 公锥 taper tap 短节 joint 柔性短节 flex joint 井口wellhead螺旋钻铤 spiral collar 方钻杆 kelly 钻杆架 pipe rack 材料房 warehouse 绳卡 guyanchor润滑器 lubricator 维护保养 maintenance 内钳 lead tong 外钳 back-up tong液压大钳 hydraulic tong 兜绳 mule line 四通阀 four-way valve 软管 hose球阀 ball valve, globe valve 闸板阀 ram valve, gate valve 增压泵 booster pump 换配件 fittings change 灌注泵 charge pump第二章石油工程常用设备及专业术语第1节钻井设备部分1 井架 derrick 塔形井架 derrick A形井架 cantilever mast，mast-A 桅杆 mast底座大梁 sill 架，台 rack 架工操作台 monkey-board2 游动系统 travelling systemn 天车 crown block 天车梁 crown block beam游动滑车 travelling block 钻井大绳 drilling line, wire line 金属线, 电线 wire，line钢丝绳，测井电缆 wire line 金属线，电线 wire，line 钢丝绳股 strand 截断 cutoff 滑车，滑轮，皮带轮 pulley 吊耳 eye plate3 大钩与水龙头 hook and swivel 顶驱 top drive 大钩 hook 大钩弹簧 hook spring大钩销子 hook pin 大钩环 hook ring 大钩锁紧装置 hook locking device大钩悬挂高度 hook height 水龙头 swivel 鹅颈管 gooseneck 冲管 wash pipe水龙头盘根 swivel packing 钻井水龙带 drilling hose，rotary hose，kelly hose 立管stand pipe高压管线 high pressure line 低压管线 low pressure line 放压管线 relief line储气筒 gas holder，air holder4 转盘 rotary table 转盘方瓦 master bushing 方补心 kelly drive bushing方孔 square openning 小鼠洞 mouse hole 大鼠洞 rat hole （井架大门处）坡板 ramp 5 绞车drawworks，hoist 液压绞车hydraulically-powered winch 气动绞车air operated hoist绞车 hoist，windlass，drawworks 滚筒线轴卷轴 reel pool drum滚筒高速气离合器 drum high air clutch 滚筒低速气离合器 drum low high clutch猫头 cathead 液压猫头 hydraulic cathead 上扣猫头 make up cathead卸扣猫头 make out cathead 牙嵌离合器 jaw clutch 应急牙嵌离合器emergency jaw clutch涡磁刹车 eddy current brake 猫头轴 cathead shaft 猫头绳 cathead line猫头绳爪 cat line grip 死绳 dead line 死绳固定器 deadline anchor死绳固定器膜片 dead line diaphragm 上扣 spin up，screw on 卸扣，卸开 break out, screw off上紧，固定 tighten 松开，松扣 loosen 加载 load 卸载unload 拧紧 screw 拧松unscrew刹者 brake 刹车总成 brake assembly 刹车轴 brake axle，brake shaft 刹车带 brake band刹车片 brake band lining 刹车杆 brake bar 闸瓦 brake block 刹把 break crank，brake bar刹车鼓 brake drum 离合器 clutch 液压油箱 hydraulic reservoir液动试压泵 hydraulic test pump 液压大钳 hydraulic tong 倒档齿轮 reverse gear第2节钻井泵类及相关设备泥浆泵 mud pump，drilling pump，slush pump 活塞 piston 活塞杆 piston rod活塞皮瓦 piston cup 缸套 liner，pumpliner 凡尔体 valve body 凡尔座 valve cup 阀弹簧 valve spring 阀杆 valve lever 阀面 valve face 阀帽 valve bonnet泥浆泵安全阀 mud relief valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve潜水泵 submersible pump 阀门 valve 阀盖 valve cap 阀座 valve seat 回压阀回压阀 back pressure valve 单向阀 check valve single-pass valve 安全阀 safety valve手动阀 manual valve 液动阀 hydraulic valve 冷缸cold cylinder 拉杆 tie rod，tension bear上水头 intake，suction end 排出口 discharge spout 高压管 high pressure压力表 pressure gauge 冲数 strokes 排量 displacement，discharge capacity，flow rate第3节井下泵类及相关设备泵筒 pump barrel 柱塞 plunger 关闭 shut down 尾管 tail pipe 抽油杆 sucker rod 长冲程 long stroke 低泵速 small pumping speed 泵充满度 the fullness efficient of the pump抽油杆 sucker rod 排气方法 gas bleeding method 泵效 pump efficiency三维空间 three dimensional space 有效生举 efficient lift for the deviated抽油杆扶正工具 sucker rod centralization tools 严重的管杆偏磨 serious string partial wear游动阀 the travelling valve 固定阀 the standing valve 部分磨损、偏磨 partial wear 无杆泵 rodless pump 小泵深抽 small pump deep pumping technology挂泵深度 pump setting depth 尾管长度 length of liner 管柱结构 the structure of pipe string防脱器 dropout-prevent device 井斜角hole angle 电热杆 borehole electric heating rod稠油开采 heavy oil production 空心杆热载体 hollow sucker rod heat carrier变扣器方补芯 bushing 终端器 terminal assembly 空心抽油杆 hollow sucker rod整体电缆传感器 continuous cable，sensor 空心光杆 hollow polish rod 悬挂器 hanger 防喷盒 stuffing box第4节采油设备采油树 Christmas tree 抽油机 pumping unit 往复运动 reciprocating motion泵杆 pumping rod 机械传动 mechanical transmission 载荷能力 peak polish rod load 系统效率 system efficiency 冲程stroke length 冲次 frequency of stroke无级可调 smooth regulation 沉降式抽油泵 the sinking sand pump 泵下沉砂 sinking 砂颗粒sand particles 胶质沥青gum asphalt含蜡量paraffin content 凝固点solidification point热流 hot fluid 参水mingle water第5节与泵操作有关的使用短语没有压力 no pressure 压力过高 the pressure is too high 返回太少 mud return is few 水太少 water is little 抢修 rush to repair 请看记录 please read the record没作记录 no record 加化学小品 put in chemicals 加高岭土粉 put in koaline powder 加云母片 put in mica sheet 加增粘剂 put in viscosifier 加稀释剂 put in diluent （thinner）加稳定剂 put in stabilizer（stabilizing agent）加烧碱 put in caustic soda测定比重 measure gravity，gravity test 测定失水 test filtration 测定切力 measure force开关 switch 停泵 stop the pump 请打手势 please make a gesture转动一周 turn round a circle 垫高一些 put something under it to raise 抓紧 firmly grasp抬高 lift it up 拿稳 hold firm 打一下 strike once 往下拉 pull out站稳 stand firm take a firm hand 小端 small end 大端 large end 光滑 smooth粗糙 rough,coarse 平面plane，flat 弯曲 winding，bending 放松 loosen绷直 stretch tight，draw tight 撬棍 pinch bar，pry bar 充氨气nitrogen aeration 气包 snubber冷却 cooling 润滑 lubricate 过载 overload 功率不足 inadequate power，power is not enough第6节钻台与底座钻台 drilling floor，derrick floor，rig floor 钻井记录drilling record司钻监视器driller’s monitor 司钻控制台driller’s console 指重表weight indicator转盘 rotary table 卡瓦 slip 吊卡 latch elevator 底座 substructure 井队活动房bunkhouse 钻台上值班房 doghouse 立根盒setback （place）立根盒容量setback capacity 井控设备 well-control device第7节防喷器万能防喷器 versatile blowout preventerBag type BOP单闸板防喷器 single ram preventer 双闸板防喷器 double ram preventer 闸板 pipe ram 全封闭式防喷器 blind ram 蓄能器 energy accumulator 压井管线 kill line 入口 inlet 出口 outlet 演习 drill 消防演习fire drill 防喷演习BOP drill防腐涂料油管 anti-corrosion coating material tubing 多功能管柱 multi-function string第三章钻井工程作业部分第1节钻井事故泄漏 leak 漏失 fluid loss 出砂 sand production 井喷 blow out 井涌 kick，flow off 井漏 lost of circulation，circulation lost坍塌，井壁坍塌 caving，cave in，collapse 出砂 sand production，sand flow 桥塞 bridge plug 砂桥 sand bridge 井堵 wellclogging卡钻sticking 卡钻杆 sticking the pipe 卡钻具sticking the drill stem 打捞fishing打捞工作 fishing job 侧钻 side-tracking 侧钻井眼 sidetracking hole水泥窜槽cement channeling 固井失败 cement failure 防砂 sand control，sand-proof第2节钻头牙轮钻头 rock bit，tooth-wheel bit 刮刀钻头 drag bit 金刚石钻头 diomand bit镶齿钻头 tungsten carbide bit，insert bit 喷射钻头 jet bit 铣齿钻头milled bit 牙轮 cone钻头装卸器 bit breaker 钻头直径 bit diameter 钻头寿命 bit life 钻头规格bit gauge 钻头磨损bit wear 钻头型号bit type 水眼尺寸nozzle size 水眼效率nozzle efficiency钻头接头 bit sub第3节钻具方钻杆kelly 方钻杆旋转短节 kelly spinner 方钻杆考克（旋塞）kelly cock 接头 sub 钻头接头 bit sub 钻具 drill stem，drilling string 钻杆drill pipe 管子 tube，pipe 钻具组合 drilling assembly 扶正器 stabilizer，centering guide 翼状扶正器 wing stabilizer扩眼器 reamer drill collar 无磁钻铤 drill collar 加重钻杆 heavy weight drill pipe 近钻头扶正器 near-bit stabilizer 绕性接头 flexible joint 震击器 jar 减震器 shock absorber螺旋钻铤 spiral drill collar 键槽破坏器 key seat reamer 安全接头 safety joint 钻杆刮泥器 drill pipe wiper 配合接头 crossover sub 减震器 shock sub井下钻具组合 BHA-bottom hole assembly泥浆动力钻具 mud motor 管线tubeline 钻柱 drill string 涡轮 tubine涡轮钻具 turbo-drill stem 斜度 taper，slope 塔式钻具tapered drill stem 接头 a joint，sub管接头 a joint of pipe 立根 stand，a stand，thribble 加厚 upset 内加厚 internal upset外加厚 external upset 内外加厚internal-external upset 丝扣 thread 母扣 box 公扣pin左旋螺纹left-hand thread 右旋螺纹 right-hand thread 正规接头 regular joint贯眼接头 full hole joint 内平接头 internal flush joint 护丝 thread protector 丝扣油 thread dope，thread oil 打捞篮 junk basket 打捞工具fishing tool打捞管柱 fishing string 打捞公锥 fishing nipple 打捞颈 fishing neck 打捞头fishing head 打捞作业 fishing operation 打捞母锥 fishing socket 牙轮打捞器 cone fisher倒扣工具 reversing tool 卡瓦打捞筒 slip socket 铣鞋 milling shoe 铣具 milling tool平底铣鞋 flat bottom mill 磁力打捞工具 magnetic fishing tool 套管打捞矛 casing spear打捞矛 fishing spear 打捞钩 fish hook 套管打捞筒 casing bowl 动力扳手 power wrench动力大钳 power tong 大钳活动牙块 hinged jaw 大钳锁销 latch 大钳悬臂 suspension unit气动工具pneumatic tool 打捞震击器 fishing jars 打捞缓冲器 fishing bumper sub 打捞环 die collar 打捞筒overshot 打捞短节junk sub 卡瓦slips 刮井器 scatcher 刮眼器扩井器 wiper 油位检查丝堵 oil lever check plug 油位 oil lever油尺 oil-lever dipstick 加油孔 lubrication hole 盘根盒 stuffing box 井筒工具well bore tool配套工具 matching tools 滚轮扶正器 idler wheel centralizer 减磨短节 friction reduction sub轴线加压 hydraulic thruster 扶正器 centralizer 防脱器、装置 anti-slip device 减磨扭矩接箍 torque-reduction sub 减扭接头 torque reduction sub轴向水力加压工具 hydraulic thruster 下套管漂浮接箍 casing floating coupling轴向加压器 hydraulic thruster第4节钻井工程地面作业实用词汇与短语方入 kelly-in 方余 kelly-up 开钻 spud in，starting drilling 作业指令 working instruction起钻 POOH=pull out of the hole 下钻 run in the hole 起下钻 make a trip 短起下钻short trip通井 wiper trip 起下循环一周 round a trip 循环时间 round time，circulating time 换钻头 change bit 甩钻具 laydown 填井 pack-hole封井 packed drilling发生故障 break down 接单根 connection 放卡瓦 set slip，setting slip，起卡瓦 pull slip扩眼 openning 划眼 reaming 二层台 double monkey board，runround 顶部驱动器 top drive吊环bail 吊卡elevator 安全卡瓦safety slips 接头sub adapter 短节sub substitute井下震击器 downhole（bumper）jar，down well shaker 打捞工具 fishing tool三片卡瓦 three slips，three pieces 补芯 bushing 方补芯 kelly drive bushings转盘补芯（大方瓦）rotary drive bushing 转盘刹车 rotary brake 丝扣油 thread lubricant oil刹把 brake crank，brake bar，brake lever 脚踏开关 pedal switch 挂档put into gear 拉猫头cathead 内钳 back-up tongs 外钳 lead tongs 气动大钳 pneumatic tongs 液压大钳 hydraulic tongs 机械手 mechanical arm 铁钻工 machine hand 司钻房driller room有故障 it has broken down, it has something wrong 已修好 the breakdown has been fixed马上去 go there at once 请下去 please go down 请上来 please come up躲开，危险 get out，danger 请翻译来 ask the interpretor to come here 冲洗 flushing 井口 well-head（well head）井下落物fish 一根钻杆（单根）single（pipe）三根钻杆组合（立根）thribble 甩单根 breaking down 接单根 make a connection气动绞车 pneumatic drawworks 吊篮 basket 卡子 clamp 绳套 rope sling loosening 紧固tightening 挪开 move it off 换班 change， shift 保养设备maintain equipment 钻井日志 boring journal，boring log 油管悬挂器 tubing hanger第5节钻井工程井口作业实用词汇与短语喇叭口 bell mouth，flare opening 贮能器 accumulater 液压阀 hydraulic valve液压管 hydraulic hose 阻流管 choke line 井控管汇 well control manifold泄压阀 pressure relief valve 调压针阀 pressure regulating needle valve回压阀backpressure valve 井口螺丝 the bolt of wellhead 井口绞车well head drawworks水刹车 water brake，hydraulic brake 电缆（electric）cable 井口压力wellhead pressure隔水导管 conductor riser 小心滑倒 Guard against slipping 不要掉下去 Take care not to fall down 我来清理 let me clean up 带把扳手来bring a spanner，please 带把铁锤来 bring a hammer，please. 带点密封剂 bring a little sealant，please 带个密封圈 bring a sealing washer用起子撬 prize with （using）screwdriver 用手推注 push by hand 卸下来了 it has been removed off 装配好了 it has been assembled 很快就好了 it will be finished right away抬一下 let’s lift it 上紧螺丝tighten the screw loosen 松开螺丝 loosen the screw 把绳子给我 give me the rope，please 把绳子拿走take the rope away。
钻井业专业词汇1
钻井业专业词汇1A氨基三乙酸（NTA） aminotriacetic acid胺基 amino铵基 ammonium安全地层 safe formation安全试破 safe destruction安全钻井 safe drilling坳陷 down warping region螯合 chelation凹陷 sag凹陷地层 subsidence formation奥陶系 Ordovician systemAPI模拟法 API recommened methodB多靶点 multiple target point白沥青 white asphalt白油 mineral oil白云母 white mica半透膜 semipermeable membrane包被絮凝剂 flocculant包被 envelop包被抑制性 encapsulating ability饱和度 saturation饱和度剖面图 profile map of degree of saturation 饱和盐水 saturated salt water背斜 anticlinal钡 barium苯环 benzene ring苯酚 phenyl hydroxide本质区别 essential difference泵压过高 overhigh pumping pressure比表面积 specific surface area比吸水量 specific absorption比重瓶法 density bottle method避免 avoid蓖麻油 ricinus oil边界摩擦 boundary friction扁藻（浮游植物） algae变化趋势 variation trend标准化 standardization标准粘度测量 standard visicosity measure表面粗糙度 roughness of the surface表面电位 surface electric potential表面活性剂 surfactant ，surface active agent 表面能 interface energy表面粘度 surface viscosity表面抛光 sample surfaceAibbs表面弹性 Aibbs surface elasticity表面张力 surface tension表明 verify /reveal表皮系数（S） skin coefficient憋钻 bit bouncing宾汉方程 bingham equation丙三醇 glycerine丙烯情 acrylonitrile丙烯酸 acrylic acid丙烯酸盐 acrylate丙烯酰胺 acrylamide薄而韧的泥饼 thin，plastic and compacted mud-cake薄片 flake薄弱地层 weak formation泊松比 poisson's ratio剥离 peel off补救 remediation不分散泥浆 nondispersed mud不干扰地质录井 play no role in geological logging不均质储层 heterogeneous reservoir不均匀 uneven不可逆 irreversible不同程度 inordinately部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（PHPA） partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamideC参数优选 parametric optimization残酸 reacted acid残余饱和度 residual staturation残渣 gel residue ， solid residue测量 measure侧链 side chain侧钻水平井 sidetrack horizontal well层间 interlayer层间距 the distance between the two crystal layer， layer distance 层理 bedding层流 layer flow差减法 minusing尝试 trial柴油 diesel oil长连缔合物 long chain associated matter操作方法 operation method超伸井 high deep well超深预探井 ultradeep prospecting well超声波 ultrasonography超高密度泥浆 extremely high density mud超细碳酸钙 super-fine calcium carbonate产层 production/pay zone产层亏空 reservoir voidage产量 production ，output沉淀 precipitation沉降 subside沉降速度 settling rate沉砂 sand setting衬套 sleeve程序 program成对水平井 paired parallel horizontal wells 成分 ingredient成胶剂 gelatinizing agent成膜树脂 film-forming resin成岩性差 poor diagenetic grade承压 bearing pressure承压低 lower pressure resistance承压能力 loading capacity尺寸 dimension斥力 repulsion除硫效果 sulfur limitation effect除硫剂 sulfur elimination除砂器 desander触变性 thixotropy触变剂 thixotropic agent垂沉 sag垂直井 vertical well充气钻井液 aerated drilling fluid磁化 magnetization次生有机阳离子聚合物 secondary organic cationic polymer 冲砂 sand removal冲蚀 flush冲刷 washing out冲洗 clean冲洗效率 cleaning efficiency冲洗液 washing fluid从…角度 from the standpoint of丛式井 cluster well稠化剂 gelling agent稠油区 viscous oil area稠油藏 high oil reservoir初步分析 preliminary analysis初始稠度 initial consistency初始粘度 initial viscosity初探 primary investigation处理剂 additive ，treating-agent粗分散泥浆 coarse dispersed mud粗泡沫堵漏工艺 coarse-foam plugging technology促凝剂 accelerating agent醋酸 acetate醋酸钠 sodium acetate窜流 fluid channeling脆裂 embrittlement crack脆性 brittle/crisp ，fragility催化剂 accelerant ， catalyst萃取剂 extracting agentD达西定律 Darcy's equation大段水层 thick aqueous formation大分子氢键络合作用 polycomplexation of hydrogen bond大灰量 mass slurry大井斜角 high deviation angle大块岩样 big rock sample大块钻屑 massive drilling cuttings大类 genera大理石 marble大砾石层 large gravel bed大量分析 quantitative analysis大排量洗井 high flow rate washover大排量循环 high flow rate circulation大位移定向井 extended-reach directional well大斜度钻井 big inclination/angle drilling大直径井眼 large hole代表性岩心 representive core sample单宁酸 tannate单体 monomer单相关分析法 analyzing method of single correlation单相关系数加权 coefficient weighted method of single correlation 单轴抗压强度 uniaxial compressive strength氮 nitrogenN-羟甲剂胺 N-hydroxymethyl amine淡水 fresh water单向压力暂堵剂 unidirectional pressure temporary plugging additive 导向螺杆钻具 stearable assemly导向器 guider等温曲线 isothermal curve低毒油基 low toxicity oil based低返速 low return-velocity低固相泥浆 low solid drilling fluid低级醛 low-grade aldehyde低粘土相泥浆 low clay content drilling fluid狄塞尔堵漏剂 diacel plugging agent滴定 titration底水丰富 basal water abundance底水油藏井 bottom water reservoir well第二界面 second contact surface缔合物 associated matter地层 formation地层出液量 formation fluid production地层破碎 straturn breaking地层倾角大 higher formation clination地层水 formation water地层损害 formation damage地面岩心压汞 surface core mercury injection test 地下水 groundwater ， subsurface water地应力 ground stress地质 geology地质构造 geologic structure淀粉 starch电测 electronic logging电导率 electric conductivity电荷 electricity电化学法 electrochemistry method电解质 electrolyte电镜分析 electronic microscope photos电位 potential fallξ电位 zeta potential电性 electric property电泳法 electrophoresis method电子探针 electron spectrum调查 census顶替过程 displacing operation定量设计 quantitative design定向井 direction well定子 stator冻胶 gel动静弹性模量 dynamic and static elasticity modulus动力稳定性 settling stability动力学 kinetics动态滤失 dynamic filtration动切力 yield value动塑比 ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity 堵漏 plugging堵塞 seal堵塞比（DR） damage ratio堵塞物 bulkhead堵水 water shutoff毒性大 high toxicity毒性污染环境 toxicity ruins the environment短过渡 short transition time短纤维 brief fiber断层发育 mature fault断裂带 faulted zone对策 countermeasure多产层 multilayered reservoir多分支侧钻井 multi-lateral sidetracking well多功能添加剂 multifunction additive多孔介质 porons medium多目标定向井 multi-target directional well多相稳态胶体悬浮体系 polynomial gel suspension system 多元醇 polyatomic alcohol多元非线性回归 multielement non-linesr regression多元统计 multivariate statistics惰性材料 inert material惰性润滑剂 inert lubricantE二次沉淀 secondary precipitation二叠系 Permian system二甲胺 dimethylamine二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵 dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride 二价阳离子 bivalent ion二开 second section二氧化碳（CO2） carbon dioxide二元共聚物 binary polymerF发气剂 gas-development发展趋势 development tendency反排解堵 plug removal by reverse flow范氏力 van der waals force范氏粘度计 fann viscosimeter返回 go back to方便钻井液复合粉 convenient mud compound powder方程 equation芳香烃 aromatic group防窜水泥 anti-fluid-channeling cement防腐 anti-corrosion防卡 pipe-sticking prevention ，anti-sticking防漏失 lost circulation prevention防气窜 anti-fluid-channeling防塌机理 mechanism of anti-caving防塌剂 anti-caving/collapse agent ， clay stabilizer 防止 prevent…from纺织 textile放空不返 loss of bit load with loss return放射性示踪剂 radioactive tracer tritium非均质 nonhomogeneity非离子 nonionic非牛顿流体 non-newtonian fluid非渗透性 impervious废泥浆 mud disposal沸石 zeolite分布 distribution分段固井技术 stage cementing technology分光度法 spectrophotometer分类 division分散 dispersion分散剂 dispersant分散介质 dispersion medium分析 analysis分形理论 fractal theory分形几何 fractal geometry分子 molecules分子间能量交换 energy exchange between molecules分子量 molecular weight分子链 molecular chain分子形态 shape of molecular chain粉尘 dust粉煤灰 fly ash粉末 powder粉砂质 aleuritic texture酚羟基的邻位或对位氢 p-or o-hydrogen atom of phenolic group封闭剂 sealing agent封闭稳定 good isolation封堵 formation sealing封堵剂 formation sealant封固段 interval isolation扶正器 centralizer氟硼酸 borofluorhydric浮力效应 effect of buoyancy孵化速度 incubation浮游植物 floating vegetation复合 combine复合离子 multifunctional ionic复合离子聚合物 amphiprotic/amphoteric polymers ，复合金属两性离子聚合物 composite metal zwitterionic polymer复合聚合物泥浆 compound-polymer mud复配方案 compositional formulation复杂地层 complex formation， troublesome region ，trick formation 复杂度 complex rate复杂时效 outage time复杂情况 down-hole troublesome condition腐蚀 corrosion腐蚀电位 corrosion potential腐蚀速率 corrosion rate腐殖酸 humate ，humic acid腐殖酸钾（KHm） potassium humic辅料 auxiliary material负 negative负压钻井 underbalanced drilling符合 accord with符合率 coincidence rate副产品 by-product附加密度 addition mud densityG改善泥饼质量 improvement of mud cake改性 modification改性淀粉 modified starch改性沥青 modified asphalt改造 refomation钙 calcium钙矾石 ettringite钙膨润土钠化 sodium modified calcium betonite干混拌技术 mixing technology干扰 interfere with甘油 glycerol锆 zirconium高分子 higher molecular weight高分子聚合物 macromoleclar polymer高分子絮凝剂 polymer flocculant高负荷 high load高级脂肪醇树脂 higher fatty alcohol高价金属阳离子 high valent cationic高角度微裂缝 high angle micro-fracture高矿化度地层水 highly mineralized formation brines高岭土 kaolinite高炉矿渣（BFS） blast furnace slag高密度钻井液 high density drilling fluid 高难度 high challenge高粘度清扫液 viscous sweeping fluid高砂比 high sand ratio高温静置 quiescence in high temperature 高温泥浆 high-temperature mud高吸水量树脂 absorbent resin高温高压流变仪 HTHP rheometer高效润滑剂 super lubricant高压盐水层 high pressured slatwater layer 膏岩层 gypsolyte膏质泥岩 creaming mudstone膏状磺化沥青 paste sulphonated asphalt隔离冲洗液 spacer/flushing fluid隔离膜 isolating membrane各向异性 anisotropy工程 engineering共聚 copolymerization共聚物 copolymer共聚物类降粘剂 copolymer thinner狗腿 dogleg构造裂缝 structural fracture固化 solidification固化剂 hardener ， curing agent固井技术 cementing technology固体团块 solid cake固相 solid phase固相含量 solid concentration固相颗粒 solid particles固相颗粒侵入 solid invasion固相控制技术 solid control technology固相损害 damage of particles固液分离技术 centrifugal separation method 胍胶 guargum瓜尔胶 guar挂片失重法 weight loss method关掉电机 turn off the power光谱 spectroscopy硅 silicone硅粉 silica powder硅氟 fluosilicic硅铝比 ratio of silicate to aluminium硅酸钠 sodium silicate硅酸盐 silicate滚轮失重法 roller weight loss method国内外 home and abroad过渡金属 transitional metal过平衡压力 over-balanced pressure过剩浓度 residual concentration过氧化物 peroxide海绿石 chlorite海上 offshore海水泥浆 sea water mud海湾 bay海洋生物 marine animal含量 content含水量 moisture content耗氧量（COD） chemical oxygen demand耗氧量（BOD520） biological oxygen demand核桃壳粉 walnut shell flour核磁共振（NMR） nuclear magnetic resonance合成 synthesis合成基钻井液 synthetic base drilling fluid合格 eligible合理级配 reasonable distribution褐煤 lignite赫巴模式 Herschel-Buckley model黑色正电胶（BPG） black positive gel恒定滤失速率 constant filtration rate葫芦串 irregular borehole护胶剂 colloid protecting resistance护胶作用 colloid stability互层 interbeded红外光谱 infrared spectrography花岗岩 granite划眼作业 reaming operation化学螯合剂 chelating agent化学冲洗液 chemically washing solution化学结垢（沉淀） chemical precipitation环保型 environment friendly /acceptable环境保护 environment protection环空当量密度 annular equivalent density环空返速 velocity in annular环空压耗 annular pressure lost环氧丙烷 epoxypropare环氧氯丙烷（ECH） epoxy chloropropane ，epichlorohydric 缓蚀剂 corrosion inhibitor磺化 sulfonation磺化酚醛树脂 sulfomethal phenolaldehy resin磺化剂 sulfonating agent磺化类处理剂 sulfonated additives磺化沥青 sulfonated gilsonite磺化沥青泥浆 sulfonated-asphalt mud磺甲基酚醛树脂 sulfonated methypheuo formald-ehyde磺酸基团 sulfonic acid group ，sulfo group灰色关联分析法 gray relative analysis method灰岩 limestone回归分析 regressive analysis回收率 recovery percent回填还耕 refilling for plowland火成岩 igneous rock火山喷发岩 volcanic混合金属层状氢氧化物（MMLHC） mixed metal layer hydroxide compound 混合金属氢氧化物（MMH） mixed metal hydroxides混合纤维 composite fiber混合盐水 mixed salt活动套管 moving casing活度 water activity活性硅灰 activated grammite活性粘土矿物 active clayey mineral活性污泥法 activated sludge process宏观 macroscopicJ基液 base fluid机械力 mechanical机械杂质 mechanical impurity机械钻速（ROP） rate of penetrate及时反出 timely return极限剪切粘度 high shear viscosity极限应变 ultimate strain极性基团 polar group极压润滑剂 pressured/extreme lubricator挤堵 squeeze激光多普勒测速仪（LDA） laser Doppler anemometer激光粒度仪 laser particle analyzer激活剂 activator技术措施 technical measure技术讲座 workshop for technology技术经济效果 technical-economic effect技术套管 intermediate casing季铵盐 quaternary ammonium， anionic group钾 potassium ，kalium钾基石灰泥浆 potassium base lime mud甲硅烷基化处理 methylsilicane甲基 methyl甲基硅油聚磺高密度钻井液 methyl silicone oil polysulfonate drilling fluid with high density甲醛 formaldehyde ， methanal甲酸盐 formate加量 dosage加重剂 heavy weight additive加重泥浆 weighted mud加重钻井液"垂沉" sag phenomenon of weighted drilling fluid 架桥粒子 bridge particle价数 valence监督 supervision碱 alkali简化泥浆处理 simplify mud treatment简介 brief description检查井 inspection well检测 inspection/monitor减轻剂 lightening admixture减阻剂 anti-friction agent ， drag reducer剪切破坏 shear failure剪切稀释能力 shear thinning property ， shearing dilution 剪切应力 shear stress键 bond健康，安全与环境（HSE） health ， safety and environment 间隙 clearance降解产物 degradation products降粘机理 thinning mechanism降粘剂 thinner，visbreaker降失水剂 fluid loss agent/additive， filtration reducer 胶结强度 bonding/consolidation strength胶结疏松 weak bonding胶囊破胶剂 encapsulated gel breaker胶凝 gelatify胶凝性质 jellyfication胶乳 latex胶体率 colloid fraction胶体稳定性 colloid stability胶质 gum交联 cross-linking交联剂 cross linker交联冻胶 gel cross-linking交换液 exchange fluid接近 concordant with结垢 precipitation， scale deposit ， fouling结构可瞬时形成或拆散 quick formation and breaking结构强度 structural strength结合 refer to结晶 crystallization结晶水 crystal water接触角 contact angle接枝共聚物 grafting copolymerization解卡剂 pipe free agent介质 medium界面 interface界面胶结 interfacial cementation金属 metal金属离子 metal ions紧密堆积理论 theory of high packing近井壁 near-well zone近平衡钻井 near-balanced drilling浸出液 leaching agent浸酸改造 acidizing经验性总结分析 empirical analysis晶格 lattice bond净化技术 solid control井壁稳定 borehole井壁稳定 hole stability ，stable borehole井底 downhole井底静止温度低（BHST） low borehole static temperature 井段 interval/section井径 well/hole gauge井径规则 regular and consistent borehole gauge井径扩大率 hole diameter enlargement rate井口 wellhead井漏 lost circulation井身结构 wellbore configuration井下安全 downhole safety井下复杂情况 down hole problem井斜 inclination井眼 well bore ，borehole井眼轨迹 well track井眼净化 hole cleaning井眼缩径 hole shrinkage井眼稳定 hole stability井涌 kick浸泡时间 soak time静切力（结构力） gel strength/static shear force静损害 static damage静态挂片法 static weight loss method静态滤失 static filtration静液柱压差 hydrostatic column pressure difference静置 quiescence静止消泡时间 static defoaming time静置沉淀 static settlement居中 centralization居中度 centralizer聚α－烯基polyalphaolifen聚丙烯青铵盐 ammonium polyacryhoitril聚丙烯酰胺（PAM） polyacrylamide聚电解质 poly-electrolyte聚合醇 polyalcohol ， polyol聚合物不分散泥浆 non dispersed polymer mud聚合物降滤失水剂 polymer filtration control agent聚合物三磺盐水泥浆 three-sulfonated polymer salt mud聚合物钻井液 polymer drilling fluid聚合物混油钻井液 poly-oil mixture drilling fluid聚磺钻井液 sulphonated polymer mud聚结稳定性 coagulation stability聚乙二醇（PEG） polyethyleneglycol聚乙烯醇（PVA） polyvinyl alcoholK卡森方程 Casson equation卡钻 pipe-sticking卡钻因子 stuck-pipe factor勘探与开发 exploration and development开发井 development well开钻泥浆 spud mud抗冲击韧性 toughness抗冲击性 impact resistance抗电解质 potential resistance to electrolyte contamination 抗钙 compatibility of calcium抗裂程度 rupture strength抗温抗盐 heat and salinity tolerance抗压强度 compressive strength抗折强度 breaking strength栲胶 tannin ， quebrocho克 gram颗粒 particle颗粒级配理论 theory of granulartity苛刻 rigorous可变形粒子 deformation particle可靠 inerrable可逆 reversible可溶性盐 soluble salt可压缩性 compressibility可用性 feasibility可钻性 drillability刻度盘 dial scale坑内密封法 seal in a pit空气湿度 air humidity孔洞 cavern孔喉 pore throat孔隙 pore孔隙度测井 porosity log孔隙压力 pore pressure孔隙液 pore fluid快钻剂 quick drilling矿化度 mineral salt concentration ， mineralization 矿石 ore矿物 mineral矿物组分 mineralogical composation矿物晶体 mineral crystal矿物油 mineral oil矿渣 slag扩散 diffusionL老化时间 ageing time老区 maturing field雷诺数 Renault number类别 category累计厚度 gross thickness累托石 rectorite沥青 asphalt ，gilsonite，bitumen沥青类产品 gilsonite and similar materials离心法敏感性评价 centrifugation sensitivity evaluation 离心机 centrifugal machine离心机固控技术 centrifugal solid control离子 ionic离子形态 ionic forms粒度 grain grade粒度分布 particles/size distribution粒度分析 particles size analysis粒子 particle砾石充填 gravel pack连通性 formation communication连续提取法 continuous extraction两凝水泥浆 two-stage cementing cement两性离子 zwitter ionic裂缝 fissure裂缝壁 side of fracture plugging裂隙地层 fractured formation裂隙滞后效应 fracture lag-effect邻井 offset/adjacent well林产 forestry淋洗量 wash out amount磷 phosphorus磷酸 phosphate磷酸氢二铵 diammonium phosphate磷酸盐 phosphate salt磷酸酯 organic phosphate临界点 critical point临界环空流速 critical annular fluid velocity临界流量 critical flow velocity临界盐度 critical salinity零点 zero point零析水 zero free water硫 sulfur硫化氢 hydrogen sulfide硫化物 sulfide硫酸 sulfate硫酸钠 sodium sulphate流变参数 reheological parameter流变模式 reheology model流变性 rheology behavior流变性能改进剂 rheology conditioner 流变学 rheology流动度 fluidity流动介质 flow media流动孔喉 flowing pore throat流动摩阻压力 flowage friction drag 流动实验 flow test流动阻力 flow resistance流沙层 drift sand formation。
【推选】钻井液第四章PPT资料
影响钻井液滤失量的因素
瞬时滤失 瞬时滤失量的大小对机械钻速有较大的影响。研 究表明，瞬时滤失发生时，高的滤失速率可使滤液分 子迅速进到钻头破碎岩体形成的薄层岩屑底下，可协 助将岩屑薄层从岩体上剥离下来并立即冲走，而不会 在液柱压差下压实，造成重复破碎；并且高的滤失速 率可使破碎岩石的微裂缝扩大，或者使它们不闭合。 因而当瞬时滤失量较大时，特有利于提高机械钻速。 不分散低固相钻井液的钻速高，其原因之一就是因为 它瞬时滤失量明显大于其它钻井液。
泥饼形成示意图钻井液在井内发生滤失的全过程由三个阶段组成与此相对应的三种滤失量分别称为瞬时滤失量动滤失量和静滤瞬时滤失spurtloss从钻头破碎井底岩石形成新的自由面的瞬间开始钻井液开始接触新的自由面钻井液中的自由水便向岩石孔隙中渗透直到钻井液中的固相颗粒及高聚物在井壁上开始出现泥饼这段时间的滤失称为瞬时滤失
7.泥饼的压实性和渗透性 滤失量测定的结果，往往是泥饼厚滤失量大，泥饼 薄滤失量小，这主要是由于厚泥饼的渗透性大，薄泥 饼的渗透性小的缘故。因此，决定因素是泥饼的渗透 性。泥饼的渗透性取决于泥饼中固相的种类，固相颗 粒的大小、形状和级配，处理剂的种类和含量，以及 过滤压差等。
影响钻井液滤失量的因素
钻井液的滤失与造壁性
在滤失过程中、随钻井液的自由水进入 岩层，钻井液中固相颗粒便附着在井壁上形 成泥饼(Mud cake或Filter cake)(细小颗粒 也可能渗入岩层至一定深度)，这便是钻井 液的造壁性，井壁上形成泥饼后，渗透性减 小，阻止或减慢了钻井液继续侵入地层。
钻井液的滤失与造壁性
若钻井液中细粘土颗粒多，而粗颗粒少，则形 成的泥饼薄而致密，钻井液滤失量则小。反之粗多 而细颗粒少，则形成的泥饼厚而疏松，钻井液的滤 失量则大。
钻井液知识
第五章钻井液钻井液（Drilling fluids）是在旋转钻井时循环使用的流体，包括水基、油基、气基三种类型。
由于绝大多数使用的是液体，少量使用气体或泡沫，因此称之为“钻井液”，又由于最初的钻井液主要是由水和粘土组成，而且粘土一直是钻井液的主要配制材料，因此习惯称之为“泥浆”。
尽管目前钻井液的成本仅占钻井总成本的5～10％左右，但它却是影响钻井工程成败的主要因素之一，井愈深，其重要性愈突出，因此，人们形象地把泥浆比喻为“钻井的血液”。
第一节钻井液性能一．钻井液性能钻井液性能测试与计算的技术指标总共有40多项，但对一种钻井液体系，一般要求测定和相适应的指标常常只是几项或十几项。
测试钻井液性能的方法可参见1993年版API RP 13 B－l《水基钻井液现场测试程序推荐作法》和B－2《油基钻井液现场测试程序推荐作法》以及我国行业标准ZB／TE 13004《钻井液测试程序》。
各项性能的代号及单位见表5－1。
二．钻井液性能的控制1．密度（MW）（1）钻井液密度是单位体积钻井液所含物质的质量，法定计量单位为克／厘米3（g／cm3）或千克／米3（kg／m3），钻井现场也常用其他非法定计量单位，如磅／加仑（1b／gal）或磅／英尺3（fo／f t3），有时则用压力梯度表示，如磅／英寸2／英尺（1b／in2／f t）、磅／英寸2／1000英尺（1b／in2／1000f t）、千帕／米（kPa／m）或者是公斤／厘米2／米（kg／cm2／m）等。
它们之间的换算关系见单位换算表。
（2）钻井液密度的设计应控制在合适的数值上。
一般而言，钻井液密度提高有利于支承井壁，保证井眼的稳定，阻止地层流体流入井筒污染钻井液及引发井涌与井喷，但密度高不利于提高钻进速度。
（3）钻井液密度降低有利于避免井漏，提高钻进速度和减少压差卡钻机率，也有利于产层保护，但密度降低容易引发井涌或井喷。
（4）钻井液密度升高的可能因素是：①加入加重材料。
石油钻井常用词汇及缩写汇总
石油钻井常用词语及缩写汇总一、标准钻井日报表内容Official Daily Report Form1钻井日报表Daily drilling report2．报表号 Report No.3．图例（说明） Legend4．公制度量标准Metric expressions5．所有长度均采用米制，并取两位小数All lengths expressed in metres to two decimal places6．泥浆密度——kg/m3 Mud density = kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3) 7．泥浆泵冲程 mm pump-stroke length=millimetre(mm)8．悬重——十牛顿Weight of string=deca newton(daN)9．单位长度质量——kg/m Linear mass=kilogram per meter(kg/m)10．粘度——秒/升Viscosity=second per litre(s/L)11．排量——m3/min Flow rate=cubic metre per min.(m3/min)12．压力梯度——千帕/米Pressure gradient=kilopascal per me-tre(kPa/m)13．屈服点——帕Yield point=pascal(pa),(y. p.)14．塑性粘度——毫帕*秒Plastic viscosity=millipascal sec-ond(mPa .s), .)15．切力—帕Gel strength=pascal(pa)16．大绳完成的功——兆*焦尔Work completed by wireline=megajoule(MJ)17内径和外径——毫米Inside diameter and outside diame-ter=millimetre(mm)18．泵压——千帕Pump pressure=kilopascal(kpa)19．钻压：指重表以十牛顿记录Weight on bit ; Indicator will record decanewton20．租地 Lease21．井号 Well No22．井段 Well number23．日期 Date24．年Yr. 月MO. 日Day25．施工者（单位）Operator26．承包者（单位）Contractor27．钻机编号 Rig No.28．施工单位代表签名 Signature of operator’s representative29．承包单位队长（技师）签名Signature of contractor’s toolpusher 30．钻杆尺寸（规范） D. P. size31．每米重 kg/m32．钢级 Grade33．接头外径 Tool .34．扣型 Type thread35．钻柱号 String No.36．泵编号 Pump No.37．泵生产厂家 Pump manufacturer38．驱动方式 Type of drive39．冲程Stroke length40．时效分析—小时 Time distribution=hours41．序号 Code No.42．工作内容 Operation43．早班、Morn.=morning tour 中班、Day=day tour 晚班Eve.=evening tour44．安装与拆卸 Rig up and tear down45．纯钻 Drill actual46．扩眼 Reaming47．取心 Coring48．循环与处理泥浆 Condition mud & circulate49．起下钻 Trips50．保养钻机 Lubricate rig51．检修钻机 Repair rig52．倒大绳与滑大绳 Cut off drilling line and slip drilling line 53．测斜 Deviation survey54．吊测 Wire line logs55．下套管与固井 Run casing and cement56．候凝 Wait on cement57．安装防喷器 Nipple up 防喷器试压 Test 中途测试Drill stem test 60．打水泥塞（固堵）Plug back61．挤水泥 Squeeze cement62．打捞 Fishing63．定向工作 Dir. work64．完井 Completion65．射孔 Perf’R’T’N(Perforation)66．起下油管TBG Trips67．处理 Treating68．抽吸 Swabbing69．测试 Testing70．其它 Addit’N’L71．合计 Total72．一天工作摘要（只用于办公室）Day work summary(office use only) 73．组织停工小时 HRS. Standby74．总工作天数 Total days work75．从开钻起天数 No. of days from spud76．累计钻进小时 Cumulative rotation HRS77．总泥浆费用 Total mud cost78．钻具结构 Drilling assembly79．交班时At end of tour80．钻头 Bit81．扶正器外径 STB .82．扩大器外径 RMR OD83．钻铤内径、外径 OD84．钻杆立柱数Stands DP85．钻杆单根数 Stingles .86．方入 Kelly down87．悬重 (Force)WT of string daN 88．钻头记录 Bit record89．钻头编号 Bit No.90．钻头尺寸（规范）Bit size91．制造厂家 MFG92．型号 Type93．喷嘴（毫米）Jets(mm)94．顺序号Ser No.95．起出井深 Depth out96．下入井深Depth in97．总进尺 Total meters drilled 98．使用小时 Total HRS run99．压力降（千帕）Pressure drop (kPa) 100．泥浆记录 Mud record101．时间 Time102．失水 Water loss(ml)103．pH值 pH(potential of hydrogen)104．固含（%）Solids(%)105．泥浆与药品Mud & chemical added106．类型Type、用量AMT、公斤 kg107．合法地面图 Legal Land Description108．完井套管、油管或尾管 Last casing, tubing or liner 109．厂商 Made110．总长 Total length111．下入深度 Set at112．补心高（转盘面至套管头）TO CSG HD113．钢丝绳记录Wire line record114．滚筒号 Reel No.115．尺寸（规范）Size116．股数 No. lines117．滑动米数 Meters slipped118．倒掉米数Meters cut off119．现存长度 Present length120．从...到... from...to...121．钻进（缩写）DR-D 扩眼（缩写）RM-R 取心（缩写）Core-C 122.岩心号Core No.123.地层Formation124.实际岩心收获率Show core recovery125.转盘转速Rotary RPM126.缸套尺寸Liner size127.开泵方式Method run128.单泵S SGL-S 双泵P Par’EL-P 并车C Com’D-C 129.测斜记录Deviation Record130.记时Time log131.序号Code No.132.间隔时间Elapsed time133.井斜Dev.134.方位Direction135.井深Depth136.锅炉工作时间Boiler hours137.井队工资表Drilling crew payroll data138.井名及井号 Well name & no.139.成员Crew140.技师Toolpusher141.司钻Driller142.架工Derrickman143.机工Motorman144.钻工Floorman145.场地工Roustabout146.机械工长Mechanic147.焊工Welder148.消防员Fireman149.契约人Leaseman150.天数No. of days2人身、财产损失报告表内容First Report of Bodily Injury/Property Damagea)类别Classification2.人身事故Bodily injuryb)财产损失Property damagec)公司Companyd)地区Divisione)国家Countryf)钻机编号Rig No.g)监督Supervisorh)受伤者姓名Name of injuredi)民族（国籍）Nationalityj)社会保险号Social security numberk)地址Addressl)年龄Agem)性别Sex 男M 女Fn)职业Occupationo)是否正式工作Regular job 是Yes 否 Nop)每月工资Wages per monthq)在公司工作时间Length of service with co.r)所在区域In areas)本岗位In this jobt)受伤日期Date of injuryu)时间Timev)开始计算损失时间Date lost time beganw)本班开始时间Time this tour beganx)受伤级别Class of injuryy)致命的Fatalz)承担责任Restricted dutyaa)无时间损失No lost timebb)医生姓名Doctor-namecc)医院名字Hospital-namedd)证明人名字Names of witnessesee)事情发生经过Describe how accident happenedff)不安全行为Unsafe actgg)不安全条件Unsafe conditionhh)财产设备损失情况Property or equipment damagedii)损伤的原始状况Nature of damagejj)估计维修费用（美元）Estimated cost of repair 防止类似事故发生的预防措施Steps taken or needed to prevent similar accident kk)备注Remarksll)填表人Prepared bymm)职称Titlenn)签字Signed附录四数词、年代与日期的读法一、分数的读法分数由基数词与序数词组合表示。
中外常用钻井液处理剂名称对照及主要用途.
CPD
水基钻井液降粘剂
树皮提取物
栲胶，改性栲胶
SMK，FSK
磺化栲胶
831
Q-B-T
MIL-QUEBRACHO
石灰钻井液和淡水钻井液降粘剂
褐煤产物或苛性褐煤等
腐植酸钠，NAHM
腐植酸钾
无铬磺化褐煤
GSMC
PFC
CARBONOX
TANNATHIN
LIGCO
CAUSTI-LIG
K-LIG
XKB-LIG
各种钻井液中加重及
封堵又喷又漏
碳酸钙粉（CaCO3）
石灰石粉
碳酸钙粉
W.O.30
BARACARB
LO-WATE
LDCARB 75
酸溶性加重剂
重晶石与赤铁矿混合物
BAR-PLUS
各种钻井加重材料及
封堵又喷又汛
方铅矿粉(PbS)
方铅矿粉
硫化铅
Super-Wate
Galena
各种钻井液的加重剂，
可加重至密度
混合聚合物
PMN-2
PMN-2
POLY-STAR
FOLY-MIX
W O/23
POLYMER 404
水基钻井液增粘
胍胶及衍生物
胍胶
羟乙基田莆粉
LO LOSS
SMCX
Solvitex
SG-100
GGPFSD-3
完井液和低固本体系
增粘剂
清扫液增粘剂
快速配制高粘度开钻钻井液
丙烯酰胺与丙酸盐多元共聚物或甲叉聚丙烯酰胺
MELANEX-T
IDSPERSE HT
抗高温水基钻井液降粘剂
聚合物降粘剂
（低聚物降粘剂）
石油钻井业常用专业词汇-H
石油钻井业常用专业词汇海绿石 || chlorite海上 || offshore海水泥浆 || sea water mud海湾 || bay海洋生物 || marine animal含量 || content含水量 || moisture content耗氧量（COD） || chemical oxygen demand耗氧量(BOD520) || biological oxygen demand核桃壳粉 || walnut shell flour核磁共振（NMR） || nuclear magnetic resonance 合成 || synthesis合成基钻井液 || synthetic base drilling fluid 合格 || eligible合理级配 || reasonable distribution褐煤 || lignite赫巴模式 || Herschel-Buckley model黑色正电胶(BPG) || black positive gel恒定滤失速率 || constant filtration rate葫芦串 || irregular borehole护胶剂 || colloid protecting resistance护胶作用 || colloid stability互层 || interbeded红外光谱 || infrared spectrography花岗岩 || granite划眼作业 || reaming operation化学螯合剂 || chelating agent化学冲洗液 || chemically washing solution化学结垢(沉淀) || chemical precipitation环保型 || environment friendly /acceptable环境保护 || environment protection环空当量密度 || annular equivalent density环空返速 || velocity in annular环空压耗 || annular pressure lost环氧丙烷 || epoxypropare环氧氯丙烷(ECH) || epoxy chloropropane ,epichlorohydric 缓蚀剂 || corrosion inhibitor磺化 || sulfonation磺化酚醛树脂 || sulfomethal phenolaldehy resin磺化剂 || sulfonating agent磺化类处理剂 || sulfonated additives磺化沥青 || sulfonated gilsonite磺化沥青泥浆 || sulfonated-asphalt mud磺甲基酚醛树脂 || sulfonated methypheuo formald-ehyde磺酸基团 || sulfonic acid group ,sulfo group灰色关联分析法 || gray relative analysis method 灰岩 || limestone回归分析 || regressive analysis回收率 || recovery percent回填还耕 || refilling for plowland火成岩 || igneous rock火山喷发岩 || volcanic混合金属层状氢氧化物(MMLHC) || mixed metal layer hydroxide compound混合金属氢氧化物(MMH) || mixed metal hydroxides 混合纤维 || composite fiber混合盐水 || mixed salt活动套管 || moving casing活度 || water activity活性硅灰 || activated grammite活性粘土矿物 || active clayey mineral活性污泥法 || activated sludge process宏观 || macroscopic。
钻井工程常用术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well 工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical—mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro—hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi’s hardness 矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri—axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock 岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue—failure of drill string 上紧矩make—up torque 应力减轻槽stress—relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water—base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil—emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear—thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives 降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre—hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids 钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm—revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly—up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reamin1放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening 侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet—bit drilling射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet 射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity 射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic—power喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom—hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure—drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse—power喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z—value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse—powerjet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow 最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态(额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump （the rated power regime of the drilling pump）钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态)the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump）携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数（钻井泛函)objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill—off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill 螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo—drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo—drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo—drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo—drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo—drill有效钻压effective bit—weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo—drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo—drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo—drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill—pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo—drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo—drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination 方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation 水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle 增斜increasing hole angle or build—up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build—off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method 圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip—stock 短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo—eccentric sub 复式弯涡轮bent multi-turbo—drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool造斜工具面tool face 造斜率rate of over—all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD）单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi—shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule—shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit 硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit 涡轮取心钻具turbo—core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip—collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure）上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control 异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure 地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate method d指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc—exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo-information 地球物理检测法wire—line logs中途测试drill—stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak—off test胡伯特—威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯—凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement 波动压力（激动压力)surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout 循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法(二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control 置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator 泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead 扣装法抢装井口buckling-up—installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning—up—installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor 表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher 浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆)resin cement 油基水泥（浆）diesel—oil cement 橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement 石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement 抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive 速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods 常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing 多管注水泥法·multi—plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger 窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well 完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat—line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy（lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R。
钻井液测试操作规程
钻井液测试操作规程钻井液性能测试操作规程（一）钻井液马氏漏斗粘度的测定该仪器适应于测定钻井液的相对粘度(与水比较)。
由于测得数据在很大程度上受胶体和密度的影响，所测数据不能与旋转粘度计等有关仪器所测数据对比。
该仪器由漏斗、筛网及接收器组成，是被测钻井液在一定温度下流出946毫升时所用的时间。
一、主要技术参数1．筛底以下的漏斗容积1500cm32．漏斗锥体直径152mm3．漏斗锥体高度305mm4．管口长度50.8mm5．管口内径 4.7mm6．筛网12目7．接收器946mL二、仪器的校正在温度为(21℃±3℃)时，注入1500mL清水，从漏斗中流出946mL清水的时间为26±0.5s，其误差不得超过0.5s。
三、测定1．测量钻井液的温度，用℃表示。
2．手握漏斗，用手指堵住流出口，将新取的钻井液通过筛网注入洁净、干燥直立的漏斗中，直到钻井液面与筛网底部平齐为止。
3．保持漏斗垂直，移开手指的同时按动秒表，测量钻井液注满946mL所需要时间。
4．以s为单位记录马氏漏斗粘度，并以℃为单位记录钻井液的温度。
四、操作注意事项1．样品温度对测定结果有影响，测定时要记录样品温度。
2．大的分散颗粒和气泡干扰测定，应避免大颗粒进入漏斗，防止气泡产生，必要时加入消泡剂消泡。
3．液面的初始位置必须恰当，否则，由于液柱压力和惯性的影响可能会使测定结果错误。
4．钻井液倒入漏斗后立即开始测定，如拖延时间过长，钻井液可能形成凝胶，使测定结果出现正误差。
5．测定过程中尽可能使漏斗保持垂直。
（二）钻井液密度的测定钻井液密度是指单位体积钻井液的质量。
单位为g/cm3或kg/ m3。
通过用钻井液密度计来测定钻井液的密度。
钻井液密度计通常设计成臂梁一端的钻井液杯和另一端的固定平衡锤及一个可沿刻度臂梁自由移动的游码来平衡。
为使平衡准确，臂梁上装有水准泡（需要时可使用扩大量程的附件）。
一、仪器的校正1．量点的校正经常用淡水来校正仪器。
钻井工程常用名词术语及英文释义
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling 杆式顿钻rod tool drilling直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well工程报废井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的硬度hardness of rook矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids 钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping 干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table 钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reaming放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening 侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips短起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power 喷嘴nozzle流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifice coefficient 钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flow喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow 最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzle diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flowrate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻速方程equation for drilling rate最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill 螺杆钻具positive displacement motor(PDM)有效钻压effective bit-weight钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 油壬union定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination 方位角azimuth 伽马gamma ray(GR) 电阻率resistivity井斜变化率inclination change rate方位变化率azimuth change rate 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured(TVD and MD) 水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well 分支井multiple-lateral well 大位移井ERD(extended reach drilling)水平段长度horizontal section length(H-section length)水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well 救援井relief well套管开窗starting window on casing 磨铣开窗casing sidetracking段铣开窗casing milled sidetracking造斜kick off 增斜build-up (hole angle) 降斜build-off /drop-off(hole angle)稳斜hold/maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method 圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 造斜工具deflecting tool斜向器whipstock 工具面tool face 全角变化率over-all angle change rate井眼方位漂移walk of hole/bit walk动力钻具反扭角reactive torque磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole长/中/短半径水平井：long/medium/short radius horizontal well斜直井slant hole 井眼轨道well trajectory 靶心target靶区半径radius of target area 造斜点kick off point无磁钻铤non-magnetic DC 扭方位correction run/make up correction 取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心long barrel coring密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient异常压力abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate method d指数法d-exponent method中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure漏失试验法leak-off test地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure 气体上窜gas channeling溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout 循环池液体增量pit gain 压井killing well 关井closing （shut-in）well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacuum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead 带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor 表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher 浮箍float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆）resin cement 油基水泥（浆）diesel-oil cement 橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement 石膏水泥混合物·gypsum cement抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive 速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods 常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing 多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger 窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor 钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging 钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rata logging 综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking 落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation 壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe 钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument 解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make-up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill 电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number 完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well 完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well 钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mud logging unit(CMLU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数How many parameters can be displayer in the CMLU?综合录井仪能显示多少参数？These are the parameters printed in real time by printer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are the parameters printed in real time?参数是实时打印的吗？Many parameters in drilling engineering are monitored by comprehensive mud logging unit.钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控Start CMLU, please!开始启动录井仪吧Some latest technologies have been applied in this comprehensive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术The total hydrocarbon ,especially the components C1～C5can be analyzed by the chromatograph in the CMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃，组分C1~C5Are the total hydrocarbon and its components analyzed by chromatograph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗？CO2 H2 can be analyzed by non-hydrocarbon detector.非烃检测仪能够分析CO2和H2There are some troubles in the sensor.传感器有故障了Please replace a new one if the sensor can not bi repaired.如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensor is not reliable, please replace a new one.旧的不可靠，换个新的吧The values of total gas and the components are not high.现在全烃和组分值都不高The total hydrocarbon and its components are increasing.全烃和组分值正在上升How about thee total hydrocarbon and its components? May I have one copy of your record?全烃和组分值怎样？给我一份记录This is not an abnormal of gas logging display.这不是气测显示异常You should pay close attention to the gad showing.密切注意气测显示This peak is caused by connection gas.这是一个单根峰This peak is caused by swabbing.这个峰值是由抽吸造成的We are testing the trip gas.现在正在测后效Please record the time when trip gas occurs.请记录后效出现时间Please calculate the height and speed of the trip gas rising.请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Test the trip gas after two cycles of circulation with a trip to bottom. 下钻到底循环两周测后效Is it circulation now?正在循环泥浆吗？Please circulate for two cycles.请循环两周This is an interval with an abnormal showing.这是个异常显示段5 bottles of the mud sample should be taken.泥浆采样必须取五瓶Please put the label on the sample bottle.在样品瓶上贴上标签This is the design requirement.这是设计书要求的Can you show me the design?你能给我看一下设计书吗？The technician keeps the design.设计书在技术员那里。
石油工程钻井液专业词汇
钻井液常用专业词汇（A-Z)A氨基三乙酸(NTA)@aminotriacetic acid胺基@amino铵基@ammonium安全地层@safe formation安全试破@safe destruction安全钻井@safe drilling坳陷@down warping region螯合@chelation凹陷@sag凹陷地层@subsidence formation奥陶系@Ordovician systemAPI模拟法@API recommened methodB多靶点@multiple target point白沥青@white asphalt白油@mineral oil白云母@white mica半透膜@semipermeable membrane包被絮凝剂@flocculant包被@envelop包被抑制性@encapsulating ability饱和度@saturation饱和度剖面图@profile map of degree of saturation 饱和盐水@saturated salt water背斜@anticlinal钡@barium苯环@benzene ring苯酚@phenyl hydroxide本质区别@essential difference泵压过高@overhigh pumping pressure比表面积@specific surface area比吸水量@specific absorption比重瓶法@density bottle method避免@avoid蓖麻油@ricinus oil边界摩擦@boundary friction扁藻（浮游植物）@algae变化趋势@variation trend标准化@standardization标准粘度测量@standard visicosity measure表面粗糙度@roughness of the surface 表面电位@surface electric potential表面活性剂@surfactant ,surface active agent表面能@interface energy表面粘度@surface viscosity表面抛光@sample surfaceAibbs表面弹性@Aibbs surface elasticity表面张力@surface tension表明@verify /reveal表皮系数(S)@skin coefficient憋钻@bit bouncing宾汉方程@bingham equation丙三醇@glycerine丙烯情@acrylonitrile丙烯酸@acrylic acid丙烯酸盐@acrylate丙烯酰胺@acrylamide薄而韧的泥饼@thin,plastic and compacted mud-cake@薄片@flake薄弱地层@weak formation泊松比@poisson’s ratio剥离@peel off补救@remediation不分散泥浆@nondispersed mud不干扰地质录井@play no role in geological logging 不均质储层@heterogeneous reservoir不均匀@uneven不可逆@irreversible不同程度@inordinately部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA)@partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamideC参数优选@parametric optimization残酸@reacted acid残余饱和度@residual staturation残渣@gel residue , solid residue测量@measure侧链@side chain侧钻水平井@sidetrack horizontal well层间@interlayer层间距@the distance between the two crystal layer, layer dis tance层理@bedding层流@layer flow差减法@minusing尝试@trial柴油@diesel oil长连缔合物@long chain associated matter操作方法@operation method超伸井@high deep well超深预探井@ultradeep prospecting well超声波@ultrasonography超高密度泥浆@extremely high density mud超细碳酸钙@super-fine calcium carbonate产层@production/pay zone产层亏空@reservoir voidage产量@production ,output沉淀@precipitation沉降@subside沉降速度@settling rate沉砂@sand setting衬套@sleeve程序@program成对水平井@paired parallel horizontal wells成分@ingredient成胶剂@gelatinizing agent成膜树脂@film-forming resin成岩性差@poor diagenetic grade承压@bearing pressure承压低@lower pressure resistance承压能力@loading capacity尺寸@dimension斥力@repulsion除硫效果@sulfur limitation effect除硫剂@sulfur elimination除砂器@desander触变性@thixotropy触变剂@thixotropic agent垂沉@sag垂直井@vertical well充气钻井液@aerated drilling fluid磁化@magnetization次生有机阳离子聚合物@secondary organic cationic polymer冲砂@sand removal冲蚀@flush冲刷@washing out 冲洗@clean冲洗效率@cleaning efficiency冲洗液@washing fluid从…角度@from the standpoint of丛式井@cluster well稠化剂@gelling agent稠油区@viscous oil area稠油藏@high oil reservoir初步分析@preliminary analysis初始稠度@initial consistency初始粘度@initial viscosity初探@primary investigation处理剂@additive ,treating-agent粗分散泥浆@coarse dispersed mud粗泡沫堵漏工艺@coarse-foam plugging technology 促凝剂@accelerating agent醋酸@acetate醋酸钠@sodium acetate窜流@fluid channeling脆裂@embrittlement crack脆性@brittle/crisp ,fragility催化剂@accelerant , catalyst萃取剂@extracting agentD达西定律@Darcy’s equation大段水层@thick aqueous formation大分子氢键络合作用@polycomplexation of hydrogen bond大灰量@mass slurry大井斜角@high deviation angle大块岩样@big rock sample大块钻屑@massive drilling cuttings大类@genera大理石@marble大砾石层@large gravel bed大量分析@quantitative analysis大排量洗井@high flow rate washover大排量循环@high flow rate circulation大位移定向井@extended-reach directional well大斜度钻井@big inclination/angle drilling大直径井眼@large hole代表性岩心@representive core sample单宁酸@tannate单体@monomer单相关分析法@analyzing method of single correlation单相关系数加权@coefficient weighted method of single correlation 单轴抗压强度@uniaxial compressive strength氮@nitrogenN-羟甲剂胺@N-hydroxymethyl amine淡水@fresh water单向压力暂堵剂@unidirectional pressure temporary plugging additiv e导向螺杆钻具@stearable assemly导向器@guider等温曲线@isothermal curve低毒油基@low toxicity oil based低返速@low return-velocity低固相泥浆@low solid drilling fluid低级醛@low-grade aldehyde低粘土相泥浆@low clay content drilling fluid狄塞尔堵漏剂@diacel plugging agent滴定@titration底水丰富@basal water abundance底水油藏井@bottom water reservoir well第二界面@second contact surface缔合物@associated matter地层@formation地层出液量@formation fluid production地层破碎@straturn breaking地层倾角大@higher formation clination地层水@formation water地层损害@formation damage地面岩心压汞@surface core mercury injection test 地下水@groundwater , subsurface water地应力@ground stress地质@geology地质构造@geologic structure淀粉@starch电测@electronic logging电导率@electric conductivity电荷@electricity电化学法@electrochemistry method电解质@electrolyte电镜分析@electronic microscope photos电位@potential fall ξ电位@zeta potential电性@electric property电泳法@electrophoresis method电子探针@electron spectrum调查@census顶替过程@displacing operation定量设计@quantitative design定向井@direction well定子@stator冻胶@gel动静弹性模量@dynamic and static elasticity modulus动力稳定性@settling stability动力学@kinetics动态滤失@dynamic filtration动切力@yield value动塑比@ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic vi scosity堵漏@plugging堵塞@seal堵塞比(DR)@damage ratio堵塞物@bulkhead堵水@water shutoff毒性大@high toxicity毒性污染环境@toxicity ruins the environment短过渡@short transition time短纤维@brief fiber断层发育@mature fault断裂带@faulted zone对策@countermeasure多产层@multilayered reservoir多分支侧钻井@multi-lateral sidetracking well多功能添加剂@multifunction additive多孔介质@porons medium多目标定向井@multi-target directional well多相稳态胶体悬浮体系@polynomial gel suspension system多元醇@polyatomic alcohol多元非线性回归@multielement non-linesr regression多元统计@multivariate statistics惰性材料@inert material惰性润滑剂@inert lubricantE二次沉淀@secondary precipitation二叠系@Permian system二甲胺@dimethylamine二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵@dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride二价阳离子@bivalent ion二开@second section二氧化碳（CO2） carbon dioxide二元共聚物@binary polymerF发气剂@gas-development发展趋势@development tendency反排解堵@plug removal by reverse flow范氏力@van der waals force范氏粘度计@fann viscosimeter返回@go back to方便钻井液复合粉@convenient mud compound powder方程@equation芳香烃@aromatic group防窜水泥@anti-fluid-channeling cement防腐@anti-corrosion防卡@pipe-sticking prevention ,anti-sticking防漏失@lost circulation prevention防气窜@anti-fluid-channeling防塌机理@mechanism of anti-caving防塌剂@anti-caving/collapse agent , clay stabilizer 防止@prevent…from纺织@textile放空不返@loss of bit load with loss return放射性示踪剂@radioactive tracer tritium非均质@nonhomogeneity非离子@nonionic非牛顿流体@non-newtonian fluid非渗透性@impervious废泥浆@mud disposal沸石@zeolite分布@distribution分段固井技术@stage cementing technology分光度法@spectrophotometer分类@division分散@dispersion分散剂@dispersant 分散介质@dispersion medium分析@analysis分形理论@fractal theory分形几何@fractal geometry分子@molecules分子间能量交换@energy exchange between molecules分子量@molecular weight分子链@molecular chain分子形态@shape of molecular chain粉尘@dust粉煤灰@fly ash粉末@powder粉砂质@aleuritic texture酚羟基的邻位或对位氢@p-or o-hydrogen atom of phenolic group封闭剂@sealing agent封闭稳定@good isolation封堵@formation sealing封堵剂@formation sealant封固段@interval isolation扶正器@centralizer氟硼酸@borofluorhydric浮力效应@effect of buoyancy孵化速度@incubation浮游植物@floating vegetation复合@combine复合离子@multifunctional ionic复合离子聚合物@amphiprotic/amphoteric polymers ,复合金属两性离子聚合物@composite metal zwitterionic polymer复合聚合物泥浆@compound-polymer mud复配方案@compositional formulation复杂地层@complex formation, troublesome region ,trick form ation复杂度@complex rate复杂时效@outage time复杂情况@down-hole troublesome condition腐蚀@corrosion腐蚀电位@corrosion potential腐蚀速率@corrosion rate腐殖酸@humate ,humic acid腐殖酸钾(KHm)@potassium humic辅料@auxiliary material负@negative@负压钻井@underbalanced drilling符合@accord with符合率@coincidence@rate副产品@by-product附加密度@addition mud densityG改善泥饼质量@improvement of mud cake改性@modification改性淀粉@modified starch改性沥青@modified asphalt改造@refomation钙@calcium钙矾石@ettringite钙膨润土钠化@sodium modified calcium betonite@ 干混拌技术@mixing technology干扰@interfere with甘油@glycerol锆@zirconium高分子@higher molecular weight高分子聚合物@macromoleclar polymer@高分子絮凝剂@polymer flocculant高负荷@high load高级脂肪醇树脂@higher fatty alcohol高价金属阳离子@high valent cationic高角度微裂缝@high angle micro-fracture高矿化度地层水@highly mineralized formation brines高岭土@kaolinite高炉矿渣(BFS)@blast furnace slag高密度钻井液@high density drilling fluid高难度@high challenge高粘度清扫液@viscous sweeping fluid高砂比@high sand ratio高温静置@quiescence in high temperature高温泥浆@high-temperature mud高吸水量树脂@absorbent resin高温高压流变仪@HTHP rheometer高效润滑剂@super lubricant高压盐水层@high pressured slatwater layer膏岩层@gypsolyte膏质泥岩@creaming mudstone 膏状磺化沥青@paste sulphonated asphalt隔离冲洗液@spacer/flushing fluid隔离膜@isolating membrane各向异性@anisotropy工程@engineering共聚@copolymerization共聚物@copolymer共聚物类降粘剂@copolymer thinner狗腿@dogleg构造裂缝@structural fracture固化@solidification固化剂@hardener , curing agent固井技术@cementing technology固体团块@solid cake固相@solid phase固相含量@solid concentration固相颗粒@solid particles固相颗粒侵入@solid invasion固相控制技术@solid control technology固相损害@damage of particles固液分离技术@centrifugal separation method 胍胶@guargum瓜尔胶@guar挂片失重法@weight loss method@关掉电机@turn off the power光谱@spectroscopy硅@silicone硅粉@silica powder硅氟@fluosilicic硅铝比@ratio of silicate to aluminium硅酸钠@sodium silicate硅酸盐@silicate滚轮失重法@roller weight loss method国内外@home and abroad过渡金属@transitional metal过平衡压力@over-balanced pressure过剩浓度@residual concentration过氧化物@peroxideH海绿石@chlorite海上@offshore海水泥浆@sea water mud海湾@bay海洋生物@marine animal含量@content含水量@moisture content耗氧量（COD）@chemical oxygen demand耗氧量(BOD520)@biological oxygen demand核桃壳粉@walnut shell flour核磁共振（NMR）@nuclear magnetic resonance 合成@synthesis合成基钻井液@synthetic base drilling fluid合格@eligible合理级配@reasonable distribution褐煤@lignite赫巴模式@Herschel-Buckley model黑色正电胶(BPG)@black positive gel恒定滤失速率@constant filtration rate葫芦串@irregular borehole护胶剂@colloid protecting resistance护胶作用@colloid stability互层@interbeded红外光谱@infrared spectrography花岗岩@granite划眼作业@reaming operation化学螯合剂@chelating agent化学冲洗液@chemically washing solution化学结垢(沉淀)@chemical precipitation环保型@environment friendly /acceptable环境保护@environment protection环空当量密度@annular equivalent density环空返速@velocity in annular@环空压耗@annular pressure lost环氧丙烷@epoxypropare环氧氯丙烷(ECH)@epoxy chloropropane ,epichlorohydric缓蚀剂@corrosion inhibitor磺化@sulfonation磺化酚醛树脂@sulfomethal phenolaldehy resin磺化剂@sulfonating agent磺化类处理剂@sulfonated additives磺化沥青@sulfonated gilsonite磺化沥青泥浆@sulfonated-asphalt mud磺甲基酚醛树脂@sulfonated methypheuo formald-ehyde磺酸基团@sulfonic acid group ,sulfo group灰色关联分析法@gray relative analysis method灰岩@limestone 回归分析@regressive analysis回收率@recovery percent回填还耕@refilling for plowland火成岩@igneous rock火山喷发岩@volcanic混合金属层状氢氧化物(MMLHC)@mixed metal layer hydroxide compound 混合金属氢氧化物(MMH)@mixed metal hydroxides 混合纤维@composite fiber混合盐水@mixed salt活动套管@moving casing活度@water activity活性硅灰@activated grammite活性粘土矿物@active clayey mineral活性污泥法@activated sludge process宏观@macroscopicJ基液@base fluid机械力@mechanical机械杂质@mechanical impurity机械钻速(ROP)@rate of penetrate及时反出@timely return极限剪切粘度@high shear viscosity极限应变@ultimate strain极性基团@polar group极压润滑剂@pressured/extreme@lubricator挤堵@squeeze激光多普勒测速仪(LDA)@laser Doppler anemometer激光粒度仪@laser particle analyzer激活剂@activator技术措施@technical measure技术讲座@workshop for technology技术经济效果@technical-economic effect技术套管@intermediate casing季铵盐@quaternary ammonium, anionic group钾@potassium ,kalium钾基石灰泥浆@potassium base lime mud甲硅烷基化处理@methylsilicane甲基@methyl甲基硅油聚磺高密度钻井液@methyl silicone oil polysulfonatedrilling fluid with high density甲醛@formaldehyde , methanal甲酸盐@formate加量@dosage加重剂@heavy weight additive加重泥浆@weighted mud加重钻井液“垂沉”@sag phenomenon of weighted drilling fluid架桥粒子@bridge particle价数@valence监督@supervision碱@alkali简化泥浆处理@simplify mud treatment简介@brief description检查井@inspection well检测@inspection/monitor减轻剂@lightening admixture减阻剂@anti-friction agent , drag reducer剪切破坏@shear failure剪切稀释能力@shear thinning property , shearing dilution剪切应力@shear stress键@bond健康,安全与环境(HSE)@health , safety and environment间隙@clearance降解产物@degradation products降粘机理@thinning mechanism降粘剂@thinner,visbreaker降失水剂@fluid loss agent/additive, filtration reducer胶结强度 bonding/consolidation strength胶结疏松@weak bonding胶囊破胶剂@encapsulated gel breaker胶凝@gelatify胶凝性质@jellyfication胶乳@latex胶体率@colloid fraction胶体稳定性@colloid stability胶质@gum交联@cross-linking交联剂@cross linker交联冻胶@gel cross-linking交换液@exchange fluid接近@concordant with结垢@precipitation, scale deposit , fouling 结构可瞬时形成或拆散@quick formation and breaking结构强度@structural strength@结合@refer to结晶@crystallization结晶水@crystal water接触角@contact angle接枝共聚物@grafting copolymerization解卡剂@pipe free agent介质@medium界面@interface界面胶结@interfacial cementation金属@metal金属离子@metal ions紧密堆积理论@theory of high packing近井壁@near-well zone近平衡钻井@near-balanced drilling浸出液@leaching agent浸酸改造@acidizing经验性总结分析@empirical analysis晶格@lattice bond净化技术@solid control井壁稳定@borehole井壁稳定@hole stability ,stable borehole井底@downhole井底静止温度低(BHST)@low borehole static temperature井段@interval/section井径@well/hole gauge井径规则@regular and consistent borehole gauge 井径扩大率@hole diameter enlargement rate井口@wellhead井漏@lost circulation井身结构@wellbore configuration井下安全@downhole safety井下复杂情况@down hole problem井斜@inclination井眼@well bore ,borehole井眼轨迹@well track井眼净化@hole cleaning井眼缩径@hole shrinkage井眼稳定@hole stability井涌@kick浸泡时间@soak time静切力(结构力)@gel strength/static shear force静损害@static damage静态挂片法@static weight loss method静态滤失@static filtration静液柱压差@hydrostatic column pressure difference@静置@quiescence静止消泡时间@static defoaming time静置沉淀@static settlement居中@centralization居中度@centralizer聚α－烯基polyalphaolifen聚丙烯青铵盐@ammonium@polyacryhoitril聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)@polyacrylamide聚电解质@poly-electrolyte聚合醇@polyalcohol , polyol聚合物不分散泥浆@non dispersed polymer mud聚合物降滤失水剂@polymer filtration control agent 聚合物三磺盐水泥浆@three-sulfonated polymer salt mud聚合物钻井液@polymer drilling fluid聚合物混油钻井液@poly-oil mixture drilling fluid聚磺钻井液@sulphonated polymer mud聚结稳定性@coagulation stability聚乙二醇(PEG)@polyethyleneglycol聚乙烯醇(PVA)@polyvinyl alcoholK卡森方程@Casson equation卡钻@pipe-sticking卡钻因子@stuck-pipe factor勘探与开发@exploration and development开发井@development well开钻泥浆@spud mud抗冲击韧性@toughness抗冲击性@impact resistance抗电解质@potential resistance to electrolyte contamination 抗钙@compatibility of calcium抗裂程度@rupture strength抗温抗盐@heat and salinity tolerance抗压强度@compressive strength抗折强度@breaking strength栲胶@tannin , quebrocho克@gram 颗粒@particle颗粒级配理论@theory of granulartity苛刻@rigorous可变形粒子@deformation particle可靠@inerrable可逆@reversible可溶性盐@soluble salt可压缩性@compressibility可用性@feasibility可钻性@drillability刻度盘@dial scale坑内密封法@seal in a pit空气湿度@air humidity孔洞@cavern孔喉@pore throat孔隙@pore孔隙度测井@porosity log孔隙压力@pore pressure孔隙液@pore fluid快钻剂@quick drilling矿化度@mineral salt concentration , mineralization 矿石@ore矿物@mineral矿物组分@mineralogical composation矿物晶体@mineral crystal矿物油@mineral oil矿渣@slag扩散@diffusionL老化时间@ageing time老区@maturing field雷诺数@Renault number类别@category累计厚度@gross thickness累托石@rectorite沥青@asphalt ,gilsonite,bitumen沥青类产品@gilsonite and similar materials离心法敏感性评价@centrifugation sensitivity evaluation离心机@centrifugal machine离心机固控技术@centrifugal solid control离子@ionic离子形态@ionic forms粒度@grain grade粒度分布@particles/size distribution粒度分析@particles size analysis粒子@particle砾石充填@gravel pack连通性@formation communication连续提取法@continuous extraction两凝水泥浆@two-stage cementing cement 两性离子@zwitter ionic裂缝@fissure裂缝壁@side of fracture plugging裂隙地层@fractured formation裂隙滞后效应@fracture lag-effect邻井@offset/adjacent well林产@forestry淋洗量@wash out amount磷@phosphorus磷酸@phosphate磷酸氢二铵@diammonium phosphate磷酸盐@phosphate@salt磷酸酯@organic phosphate临界点@critical point临界环空流速@critical annular fluid velocity 临界流量@critical flow velocity临界盐度@critical salinity零点@zero point零析水@zero free water硫@sulfur硫化氢@hydrogen sulfide硫化物@sulfide硫酸@sulfate硫酸钠@sodium sulphate流变参数@reheological parameter流变模式@reheology model流变性@rheology behavior流变性能改进剂@rheology conditioner流变学@rheology流动度@fluidity流动介质@flow media流动孔喉@flowing pore throat流动摩阻压力@flowage friction drag流动实验@flow test流动阻力@flow resistance流沙层@drift sand formation流态@flow pattern 流体力学@hydromechanics theory流体输送减阻@accelerating fluid feeding流型@fluid type漏斗粘度@funnel viscosity漏失@lost circulation漏失层位@location of the thief zone漏失通道@porous media陆上@onshore卤虫 (甲壳类动物)@crustacean卤水@bitter(luo)@chromium络合@coordination ,chelate络合行为热效应@thermal effect of the coordination 录井@log裸眼@open well裸眼井段@barefoot interval滤饼@filter cake滤失量@filtration滤饼电性质@electro kinetic property滤液@filtrate滤液侵入@filtrate invasion铝@aluminum铝酸盐@aluminate氯酚@chlophenol氯化钙(CaCl2)@calcium chloride氯化物@chlorideKCl溶液@potassium chloride solutionM马来酸酐@maleic anhydride埋深@burial depth满足…需要@meet requirement of曼尼希反应@Mannick reaction芒硝层@chuco毛细管吸收时间测定仪(CST)@capillary suction timer毛细管压力@capillary pressure酶@enzyme煤层@coal bed煤层气储层@coalbed methane reservoir镁@magnesium门限流动压差@threshold differential pressure of flow蒙脱石@smectite咪错基@imidazoline醚基@ether密胺树脂@melamine resin密闭液@sealing fluid密度@density密实@dense幂律模式@power law method敏感性@sensitivity敏感性流动实验@flowrate test膜@film , membrane磨铣@mill摩擦@friction摩擦付@friction couples摩擦系数@friction coefficient摩阻损失@friction loss末端毛细管阻力@terminal capillary pressure木质素磺酸盐@lignosulfonate模拟@analog, simulate模式(型)@model目@meshN纳米材料@nano-composite material纳米技术@nano-tech钠@sodium钠化@sodium treatment钠膨润土泥浆@sodium bentonite mud囊衣@capsule dressing囊芯@capsule-core内聚力@cohesion内摩擦角@internal frictional angle内泥饼@internal filter cake内切圆半径 inscribed circle radius内烯烃@isomerised@olefins内源和外源颗粒@endogenous and exogenous granula内在因素@intermediate factor能量交换@energy exchange泥包@bit balling泥饼@mud-cake泥饼强度冲刷仪@mud filter cake tester泥浆处理@mud treatment泥浆跟踪剂@mud tracer泥浆配方@mud formula泥浆转化为水泥浆(MTC)@mud to cement泥岩@mudstone , conglomerate 泥页岩@shale ,@argillutite泥质膏岩@argillaceous粘度@viscosity粘度极大值@maximum viscosity粘度计@viscosimeter粘附@adhere粘附张力@adhesive tension粘弹性@viscoelastic粘土@clay粘土分级评价法@method of grading mud-making clay粘土矿物层间距(d001)@crystal@indices粘土矿物含量@clay mineral content粘土片@clay latice粘土膨胀@clay swelling粘土膨胀倍数@swelling ratio of clays粘土稳定性@clay stability粘性流体@viscous fluid柠檬酸@citric acid凝固点@freezing point凝析油@condensate oil牛顿流体@Newtonian fluid扭距@torque浓度@concentration浓硫酸@strong sulfuric浓缩@concentrationO排列@line along排驱压力@displacement pressure排水@water draining剖面图@profile map泡沫流体实验装置@aerated fluid test simulator泡沫剂@foaming agent泡沫衰变机理@foam decay mechanism泡沫质量@foam quality泡沫钻井液@foam drilling fluid配方@formula ,recipe ,composition配浆时间@drilling fluid preparing time配位体@ligand配伍性@compatibility配制@madeup盆地@basin喷@blowout喷射钻井@jet drilling喷嘴粘度@nozzle viscosity膨润土@bentonite ,montmorillonite膨润土含量@bentonite content膨胀@swell膨胀剂@sweller膨胀率@expansion ratio膨胀性堵漏材料@expandable plugging additives硼冻胶@boracium gel硼砂@borax硼酸盐@borate偏心度@excentricity偏移@shift片麻岩@gneiss漂珠@hollow microsphere品种@variety平衡线膨胀率@equalibrium linear expansion value 平衡压力钻井@balanced drilling评价@evaluation评价标准@evaluation criterion评价井@appraisal well平板型层流@plate laminar flow平均井深@average well depth平均线膨胀率@average expansion rate平均直径@mean diameter屏蔽环@shielding zone屏蔽暂堵技术@temporary shielding method ,barrier-building temp orary seal incores破胶剂@gel breaker破胶性@breaking property破裂压力@fracture pressure破裂压力梯度@fracture pressure gradient破乳@break the emulsion破乳剂@demulsifying agent葡萄糖@glucoseQ起到重要作用@play an important role起泡剂@frothing agent起下钻阻卡@blockage during tripping气液表面能@gas-liquid interface energy迁移@migration前置液@prepad fluid铅（Pb） lead潜在因素@implicit factor 潜山@buried hill浅高压气层@shallow high pressure gas formation 浅海@shallow-water , neritic area浅井@shallow well嵌段聚合物@block polymer欠饱和盐水钻井液@unsaturated salt water drilling fluid欠平衡钻井@underbanlanced drilling欠压实@uncompaction羟基@hydroxy羟基水@hydroxy water羟丙基淀粉@hydroxypropul starch羟乙基纤维素@hydroxyethyl cellulose强造浆软泥岩@high mud making soft shale桥堵剂@bridge additive切力@shearing force侵入深度@invasion depth侵蚀@erosion亲核化学吸附@nucleophyllic chemical adsorption 亲水环境@hydrophilic environment亲水性@hydrophilcity亲油性@lipophilic氢@hydrogen氢氟酸@hydrofluoric acid氢键@hydrogen bond氢氧化钠@alkali氢氧化钙@calcium hydroxide清扫液@sweeping fluid清水@clear water清洗剂@cleaning agent蜻纶@acrylon fiber蜻纶费丝@nitrilon倾角@dip angle丘陵@hill type球形胶束@roundness glues区块@block屈服强度@shear strength屈服值@yielding point曲边三角形@curved line trangle取代度@substituted ratio取芯@core,coring operation取芯进尺@coring footage取芯收获率@coring recovery rate曲线@curve去除@wipe off醛@aldehydeR热采井@thermal production wells热分析@thermoanalysis热滚@hot aging热滚分散实验@roller oven test , hot rolling test热力学@thermodynamics热凝橡胶@coagulative rubber热效应@thermal effect@热稳定性@temperature resistance ,heat stability ,stabilityat high temperature热重法(TG)@thermogravimetry人工神经网络@artificial neural network韧性@tenacity韧性粒子@tenacity particle日产气@daily gas融合@amalgamation溶洞@cave溶胶@sol溶解氧@dissolved oxygen溶蚀@corrode溶蚀性孔洞@solution cave@溶液@solution柔性棒状胶束@flexibility claviform glues蠕虫状胶束@vermiculate glues乳滴聚结实验@emulsion drop aggregation test乳化@emulsify ,emulsion乳化剂@emulsifier乳化钻井液@emulsion drilling fluid乳化作用@emulsification入井液@working fluid软化点沥青@softening point asphalt软泥岩@soft mudstone软件包@software package润滑剂@lubricant润滑仪@lubricity tester润湿反转@wetting transition , wettability reversed 润湿性@wettability弱面@weak planeS塞流顶替@plug-flow displacement3r/min读值@3r/m reading 三高一适当(3H1S)@three high and one proper三磺饱和盐水泥浆@three-sulfonated-polymer-saturated-brine mud三钾胺@dimethyl amine三甲基单烯丙基氯化铵@trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride三维网状结构@three-dimensional network structure三乙醇胺@triethavolamine散射@scatter铯@cesium射孔@perforation射孔液@perforation fluidX-射线计算机层析技术(CT)@computerized tomography沙砾岩@glutenite砂泥岩@sand shale砂岩@sand ,sandstone杀菌剂@bacteriostat筛管@screen pipe上泵容易@easy pumpability上部地层@upper formation /segment上古生界@upper palaeozoic上升趋势@escalating trend上下密度差@difference of densities上下限@top and bottom limitation上游领域@upstream扫描电镜 (SEM)@scanning electronic microscope设计@design设计原理@design principle神经网络@nerve network深穿透射孔枪弹@deep penetrating bullet深度@depth深井钻井@deep drilling深探井@exploration well渗流@phase flow s渗漏@leakage渗透@peculation `渗透率@fluid permeability渗透率各向异性@permeability anisotropy渗透率恢复值@return permeability渗透水化@osmotic hydration@渗透性地层@permeable formation渗析纯化purified by dialysis method声波测井@sonic logging声幅值@acoustic amplitude生产能力@production capacity生态环境@ecology environment生物处理@biological treatment生物毒性@biotoxicity生物降解@biological degradation生物聚合物@biological polymer ,xanthan 生物流化床法 biological fluid bed method 生物滤池法@bio-filter process生物转盘法@biological rotary method实验@trail十八醇@octadecanol失水@water loss失重@weightlessness,@weight loss时间推移技术@time delaying method石膏@gypsolyte, gypsum石灰@lime石蜡@alpha , paraffin wax石炭系@carboniferous system石英@quartz石油加工@oil refinery石油裂化@petroleum cracking process施工作业@field operation@事故率@failure rate湿挤压@wet-extrusion室内模拟实验@simulating lab test室内实验和现场@lab and field室内研究@laboratory study室温@ambient temperature适量@defined amount@适应温度@reaction temperature示踪分析法@mud filtrate tracer analysis 释放@release收缩@shrink疏水性@hydrophobicity叔胺盐@tertiary ammonium salt数据库@data base数学模型@mathematical model数字模拟@digital analog塑料小球@plastic beads树脂@resin,@colophony s束缚@irreducible束缚水@bond water 衰变@decay瞬时滤失@instantaneous filtration , spurt loss瞬时速度@instantaneous velocity双层组合套管固井技术@pipe-in-pipe casing string 双电层斥力@double electrode layer repulsion双分支侧钻水平井@bi-lateral sidetracking horizontal well水包油型乳化液@oil-in-water fluid水不溶物@water insoluble matter水层@water layer水化@hydration水化膨胀分散@hydrous disintegration水化抑制剂@hydrate control水泥环@cement sheath水泥浆@cement slurry水泥石@set cement水泥熟料@cement clinker水泥早强剂@cement hardener水解@hydration水解度@hydrolyzing degree水力学@hydraulics水基泥浆@water-base drilling fluid水敏性@water sensitivity水平井段@net horizontal section水平井段长@extended horizontal depth水平井偏心环空@horizontal eccentric annulus水平位移@horizontal displacement水溶性@water-soluble水溶液@aqueous solution水锁@water lock水眼粘度@bit nozzle viscosity ,Casson high shear viscosity锶@strontium四苯硼酸钠@sodium tetraphenyl borate四级固控系统@four stage solid control system四球机@four-ball instrument松弛测量法@relaxation measurement松散地层@unconsolidated formation松散吸附水@adsorbed water塑性粘度@plastic viscosity塑性水泥@plastic cement速度场@velocity field速敏@speed-sensitivity速凝@fast setting速凝剂@accelerator酸度计滴定法@acidometer titration酸酐@anhydride酸碱滴定法@acid-base titration酸敏@acid sensitivity酸溶性@acid soluble酸性条件@acidic condition酸性粘土@acid clay酸渣@acid-slug随钻堵漏@plugging while drilling顺利@go smoothly缩合@condensation缩合共聚@condensation-copolymerization缩径@hole shrinkage@羧基@carboxylic ,carboxyl羧甲基纤维素钠(Na-CMC)@sodium salt of carboxy methyl-cellulose T塔里木盆地@tarim basin太古界@archaeozoic滩海@tidal坍塌@slough /cave坍塌压力@collapse pressure坍塌页岩@sloughing shale弹塑性@plastoelasticity弹性力学@elastic mechanic弹性模量@elastic modulus探井@prospecting well碳化@carbonization碳酸钙@calcium carbonate碳酸氢根离子(HCO3-)@bicarbonate ion碳酸盐@carbonate碳质@carbon羰基@carboxide陶粒@ceramsite套管@casing套管壁@casing wall套管居中@casing centralization套管开窗井段@window killing section套管外封隔器@external casing packer特低密度@ultralow density@特性粘度@intrinsic viscosity梯度@gradient梯度多凝水泥浆@gradient multi-setting cement slurry提出@propose提取@extraction体积分布@volume distribution体积分散@volume ratio体积恢复当量@equivalent volume体系@system天然或人造@natural and synthetic填充粒子@filler particle田青粉@sesbania调凝剂@thickening time control agent调整井@adjustment well铁垢@iron dirty铁矿粉@hematite铁离子(Fe) ferrous ion铁离子稳定剂@ferrous stability铁落木质素磺酸盐@fer-rochrome lignosulfonte 烃类@hydro carbons通井@drafting process同时@simultaneously同心环空@concentric annulus统计@statistics统计分析@statistics analysis投料比@rate of charge土酸@clay/mud@acid钍@thorium途径@way突破@breakthroughW外部因素@external factors外源@exogenous完井液@completion fluid完善井@improved well完钻井深@total depth烷基化@alkylate烷氧基@alkoxy万能显微镜@all-powerful microscope维护简单@maintenance is simple危险区@dangerous zone微观@microcosmic微晶@micro-crystal@微粒迁移@fine migration微裂缝@micro-fissure/fracture, microcrack微米@micron, micrometer。
钻井工程常用术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi's hardness矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock 岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reamin1放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power 最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-powerjet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数（钻井泛函）objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo-drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo-drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill-pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo-drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells 救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle增斜increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build-off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub复式弯涡轮bentmulti-turbo-drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool 造斜工具面tool face造斜率rate of over-all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule-shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate methodd指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo-information 地球物理检测法wire-line logs中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特-威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯-凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing 软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing套管吊钳casing tong套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆）resin cement 油基水泥（浆）diesel-oil cement橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rata logging 综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle 倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument 解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make-up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mudlogging unit(CMLU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数How many parameters can be displayer in the CMLU?综合录井仪能显示多少参数？These are the parameters printed in real time by printer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are the parameters printed in real time?参数是实时打印的吗？Many parameters in drilling engineering are monitored by comprehensive mud logging unit. 钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控Start CMLU, please!开始启动录井仪吧Some latest technologies have been applied in this comprehensive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术The total hydrocarbon ,especially the components C1～C5can be analyzed by the chromatograph in the CMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃，组分C1~C5Are the total hydrocarbon and its components analyzed by chromatograph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗？CO2 H2 can be analyzed by non-hydrocarbon detector.非烃检测仪能够分析CO2和H2There are some troubles in the sensor.传感器有故障了Water should be filled in the hydrogen generator on time.氢气发生器按时加水Please replace a new one if the sensor can not bi repaired.如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensor is not reliable, please replace a new one.旧的不可靠，换个新的吧The values of total gas and the components are not high.现在全烃和组分值都不高The total hydrocarbon and its components are increasing.全烃和组分值正在上升How about thee total hydrocarbon and its components? May I have one copy of your record?全烃和组分值怎样？给我一份记录This is not an abnormal of gas logging display.这不是气测显示异常You should pay close attention to the gad showing.密切注意气测显示This peak is caused by connection gas.这是一个单根峰This peak is caused by swabbing.这个峰值是由抽吸造成的We are testing the trip gas.现在正在测后效Please record the time when trip gas occurs.请记录后效出现时间Please calculate the height and speed of the trip gas rising.请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Test the trip gas after two cycles of circulation with a trip to bottom.下钻到底循环两周测后效Is it circulation now?正在循环泥浆吗？Please circulate for two cycles.请循环两周This is an interval with an abnormal showing.这是个异常显示段5 bottles of the mud sample should be taken.泥浆采样必须取五瓶Please put the label on the sample bottle.在样品瓶上贴上标签This is the design requirement.这是设计书要求的Can you show me the design?你能给我看一下设计书吗？The technician keeps the design.设计书在技术员那里。
钻井液知识
钻井液知识钻井液的概念：钻井液是由粘土、水（或油）以及各种化学处理剂组成的一种溶胶悬浮体的混合体系。
粘土是具有可塑性的、软、有各种颜色的泥土。
一般是含水氧化铝的硅酸盐，由长石和其它硅酸盐分解而成，颗粒直径约在0.1-100µm之间，在水中有分散性，带电性、离子交换性，属于多级分散体系。
简单地说，钻井液是粘土分散在水中形成的溶胶悬浮体（颗粒直径小于2µm）为使钻井液满足钻井工艺要求，常加入各种化学处理剂及惰性物质来调节钻井液的性能，使钻井液“由稀变稠，由稠变稀”。
因此钻井液的性能变化受粘土、水和化学处理剂三方面因素的影响。
我国标准化委员会钻井液分委会将钻井液分为八种：1、淡水钻井液：由淡水、粘土和一般的降粘剂、降滤失剂配制而成。
2、钙处理钻井液；3、不分散低固相聚合物钻井液；4、盐水钻井液（包括海水及咸水钻井液）5、饱和盐水钻井液；6、钾基钻井液；7、油基钻井液；8、气体（包括一般气体及气泡）钻井液。
各类新型钻井液体系：正电胶（MMH）钻井液体系、聚合物-铵盐钻井液体系、两性离子聚合物钻井液体系、大小阳离子钻井液体系、水基无粘土相钻井液。
我国于1986年经钻井液标准化委员会研究决定，把钻井液材料分为16类：1、粘土类：主要用来配制原浆，亦有正反增加粘切、降低漏失量作用，常用的膨润土、抗盐土及有机土等；2、加重材料：主要用来提高钻井液的密度，以控制地层压力，防塌防喷；3、降滤失剂：主要用来降低钻井液的漏失量，常用的有CMC、预先胶化淀粉，聚丙烯酸盐等；4、降粘剂：改善钻井液的流动特性，如粘度、切力，以增加可泵性，减少摩阻。
常用的有单宁、各种磷酸盐、褐煤制品、木质素磺酸盐等5、增粘剂：主要用来促进钻井液中粘土颗粒网状结构的形成，增加胶凝强度以形成高流阻。
常用的有CMC、高聚物、预先胶化淀粉等。
6、润滑剂：主要用来降低摩阻系数，减小扭矩，增加钻头的水马力以及防止粘卡。
常用的有某些油类、石墨、塑料小球及表面活性剂。
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PURE-BORE超高性能水基钻井液
经现场应用验证的一代超高性能水基钻井液体系 Pure-Bore是一种超高抑制性聚合物： 具有表面活性的水溶性聚合物，可与钻屑和新钻开的井眼表面发生相互作用，形成 微型包被作用，增强钻井液的抑制性能。 Pure-Bore是一种高剪切稀释聚合物： 的分子之间可以相互作用，交联并形成网状结构，大幅度降低钻井液的ECDs，优化 钻井液的水眼液力参数，提高井眼清洁效力，尤其是提高大口径井眼和长水平段井 眼的清洁效力。 Pure-Bore 是一种纳米材料封堵物质： 对地层微孔隙具有强封堵作用，从而形成更好的滤失控制和抑制地层水化的作用 Pure-Bore 是一种可降解物质： 对油气层保护作用，对环境冲击减少到最低
提粘提切 降滤失 页岩/粘土水化抑制 （替代油基的关键） 无毒，可降解，环境友好
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为何PURE-BORE是革命性的突破
体系简单性能优异，一两个剂就成体系 一剂多能：同时兼具抑制性/流变控制/降滤失性/封堵性能/润滑
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非常规气钻井带来的挑战
对钻井液的要求
页岩段水平井
页岩水敏性 长水平段井眼清洁 长水平段井眼润滑 关键 技术
强抑制性钻井液体系
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油基钻井液（OBM）
油基泥浆通常是 一种乳化体系，包含：
油 含有盐的水相（如，含氯化钙） 乳化剂 润湿剂 增粘剂（有机土） 重晶石(加重剂）
复杂钻井液体系变化还需要：
选用不同的基础油类型：柴油、白矿 油、合成油 降滤失剂 堵漏剂（桥塞固体颗粒，如碳酸钙等） 无重晶石钻井液 用于深水钻井的流变平稳的钻井液
高固相含量，非常高的“n”值 的钻井液容易转变成紊流
效果 有效清洗井眼 增大对井壁的冲刷 水力参数损失大 井壁失稳风险高
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高剪切稀释性的PURE-BORE®中的层流流型
效果 有效清洁井眼 水力参数损失非常小 提高井壁稳定性 提高岩心采收率
蒙脱石（Smectite）粘土与水
PURE-BORE的超高抑制和悬浮性能
高活性粘土与Pure-Bore®
蒙脱石（Smectite）粘土与 Pure-Bore®
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PURE-BORE 对页岩的抑制性（1）
清水 Pure-Bore
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PURE-BORE 对页岩的抑制性（3）
钻屑回收试验 用50g，粒度为2到4mm班土颗粒加入到Pure-Bore®钻井液中，并且 在37.8°C下老化16小时 回收所有超过2mm的钻屑并烘干称重. 钻屑回收率如下:
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PURE-BORE®钻井液的性能
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清水无法抑制粘土分散和水化
高活性粘土与水的作用
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水基和油基钻井液的优劣对比
水基钻井液 • 对环境影响小 • 成本低 • 工艺和技术上受限多 • 难以维护 • 难以正确选择 油基钻井液 • 工艺和技术优势 • 容易维护 • 体系选择简单 • 健康与环保问题 • 成本高
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为何PURE-BORE是革命性的突破
目前的油基钻井液体系
昂贵的基础油
总加剂量：>5-15 %， 或者为：95-250 kg/M3）
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替代油基钻井液体系 替代水基钻井液体系的大部分材料
常规聚合物：黄原胶/CMC/PAC/PHPA 常规抑制剂：页岩抑制剂/聚胺 稀释剂，低性能抑制性体系和材料
大幅度降低钻井液体系的造价成本 油气层伤害大幅度降低 无毒，可降解，无环保担忧，消除附加的高环保处理成本
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PURE-BORE 钻井液的优点
成分简单
单一主剂组成的水基体系 易于现场应用和调整 具有油基钻井液相当的性能 环境友好，无毒，可自然降解
主要性能优点
优异的抑制性能 优异的流变性能 良好的滤失控制 有利于油气层保护 降低总的钻井和环保处理成本
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固相含量与井眼清洁区域
高固相钻井液中，剪切稀释作用 低，导致钻杆和井壁附近低剪切 区域的粘度更高 低固相钻井液中，剪切稀释作用 强，粘度也低。导致钻井液流速更 高，钻杆和井壁附近区域的钻屑 得以清除。
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钻井液中的固相
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清水无法抑制松散泥沙垮塌
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PURE-BORE®抑制松散泥沙的垮塌
PURE-BORE聚合物钻井液体系
典型的Pure-Bore聚合物KCl/NaCl盐水体系
总加剂量6ppb （即：1.7%，或者 为：17kg/M3） 防漏的封堵剂
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为何PURE-BORE是革命性的突破
Pure-Bore的最主要功能
国内的页岩气井钻井液
用超高性能水基钻 井液（UHPWBM）
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泥页岩的稳定性问题
80%以上的地层属于泥页岩地层（富含黏土的岩层） 暴露在油和水基钻井液中的泥页岩
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一般的聚合物钻井液的流变性能
在剪切稀释性能不高的聚合物中的层流流型
高流速流型剖面 最大的中心流速
粘滞的 井壁流 层
个别流层
效果 井眼清洁效果差 水力参数损失大
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一般的聚合物钻井液的流变性能
含有固相较高，剪切稀释性能差的聚合物体系 中的层流流型
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PURE-BORE优异的流变性和钻屑悬浮携带性能
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液体流变特性
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抑制性 降滤失性能 流变性能 抗温耐及其降解性能
Pure-Bore的应用
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为何PURE-BORE是革命性的突破
目前的KCl聚合物钻井液体系
总加剂量：>5-10 %， 或者为：40-100 kg/M3）
革命性突破的 超高性能水基钻井液体系（UHPWBM）
® PURE-BORE 钻井液
余永平 英诺斯派有限公司 2015年11月3日，成都
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内容提要
为何Pure-Bore是革命性的突破 Pure-Bore钻井液体系概述 Pure-Bore钻井液体系的优异性能
对钻井液的基本作用
防止井眼垮塌 封堵岩层，防 止钻井液漏失 抑制岩层分散 在钻井时平衡 地层流体
将钻屑携带到地面
冷却润滑钻具
避免伤害产层
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其它要求
成本低 容易使用和维护 环境友好
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极高速 流型剖 面 非常粘 滞的井 壁流层 井壁周围 固相无法 清除 高固相含量，非常高的“n”值
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中最大流速部分
效果 井眼清洁效率低 水力参数损失大 卡钻风险高 取芯困难
一般的聚合物钻井液的流变性能
含有固相的，剪切稀释性能不高的聚合物体系 中的层流，容易转化为紊流
清水: 回收率为 0%
Pure-Bore® 钻井液: 回收率为78%
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独立机构的岩心浸泡试验
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Pure-Bore在活性粘土中的超高抑制和悬浮性能高