最新(2011版)英语新课程标准词汇表(C)

最新(2011版)英语新课程标准词汇表(C)
（加*号的为安徽考纲未列出的课标词汇，加#号的为课标未列出的安徽考纲词汇）
# cabbage ['kæbidʒ] n.洋白菜；卷心菜
I like to cook dishes with cabbage.
我喜欢用洋白菜做菜。

cake [keik] n. 蛋糕，糕点；饼
(既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词.) eat cake \ make cake \ birthday cake \ a piece of cake 一块蛋糕; 容易
*calendar ['kælɪndər] n 日历
Today is her birthday according to the solar calendar.按照阳历,今天是她的生日。

call [kɔːl]1)n电话，通话；拜访 A telephone call for you. 你的电话(make a telephone call for sb)
2) V 打电话；称为call sb (up) \ ring sb up \phone sb \give sb a ring \give sb a call 给某人打电话I’ll call you back if I am free. 有空的话，我给你回电话。

Call me Tom. 叫我汤姆吧。

A boy called (=named) Jim asked for you just now. 刚才一位叫吉姆的男孩找你。

短语：1）call on sb call on和call at都表示“短暂的拜访”，但是后者后面接地点。

2)call for sb可表示“拜访某人然后跟他一同出去”
# camel ['kæməl] n.骆驼
A camel is called a ship of the desert. 骆驼被称为沙漠之舟。

camera ['kæmərə] n.照相机；摄像机
camp n. （夏令）营vi. 野营；宿营
summer camp 夏令营go camping 去宿营
can (could) can't = can not modal v. 可能；能够；可以不能
一．表示能力
1．Can you swim? 2．I can do it.
can 与be able to 的区别
1). be able to 能用于各种时态。

“设法做成某事”相当于 managed to do sth.. / succeeded in doing sth.。

2). can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。

二．can/could 表示许可/允诺1．Can/could Tom use the car?
Yes , he can. （与may /might 的区别1．might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句. 2．在以could, might 表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may. ）三．can指可能性与must may , might, could /Should, ought to的区别
1.should, ought to:按理应当, 很可能
2.must：表示肯定的猜测
3.may /might：表示可能的猜测
4.can/could：表示否定或疑问的猜测
Canada ['kænədə] n. 加拿大
*Canadian adj. 加拿大的；n 加拿大人
cancel ['kænsl] vt. 取消作废；删除
The match had to be canceled due to the bad weather.比赛因天气不好只得取消。

#cancer ['kænsər] n. 癌, 毒瘤
The patient finally died from cancer.那位病人最终死于癌症。

candle ['kændl] n. 蜡烛
light a candle 点燃蜡烛blow out a candle 吹灭蜡烛
The candle was blown out by the wind.蜡烛被风吹灭了。

candy ['kændi] n 糖果
She eats too much candy.她吃的糖果太多了。

辨析：candy, sugar, sweet这组词都与“糖”有关：sugar一般表示“原糖,白糖”; candy 和sweet则通常指“糖果”, candy是美国用词, sweet是英国用词。

chopsticks ['tʃɒpstɪks] n. 筷子
I have trouble using chopsticks correctly.我很难正确地使用筷子。

A piece of chopsticks 一双筷子
Christmas n. 圣诞节（12月25日）
at Christmas 在圣诞节merry Christmas 圣诞节快乐Father Christmas 圣诞老人Christmas Eve 圣诞节前夕
# church[tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂
My grandma goes to church on Sundays.我祖母每个星期日到教堂去做礼拜。

cinema ['sɪnəmə] n. 电影院；电影
When going to the cinema we prefer action films.
circle n. vt. 圆圈将……圈起来
The dancers were standing in a circle around the fire.舞者们围着篝火站成一圈。

The moon circles the earth every 28 days.月亮每28天绕地球旋转一周。

city['sɪti] n. 市，城市，都市
He said he preferred country life to city life.他说他喜欢乡下生活，而不喜欢都市生活。

I was born in the city of Bozhou .
# clap[klæp] v. & n. 拍手；鼓掌
If you're happy, clap your hands.如果感到幸福，你就拍拍手。

The audience gave him a loud clap.听众给他一个大声的鼓掌。

class [klɑːs] n. （学校里的）班；年级；课; 同学们（pl)
We were both in the same class.那时我们在同一个班。

辨析：1) class lesson class指课堂、上课、班级。

强调形式。

lesson指功课、课业，教材中的一课。

强调内容。

2) in class, in the class
in class表示“课内,上课时”,而in the class表示“在这个班级里”。

classmate [ˈklɑ:smeɪt] n. 同班同学
classroom ['klɑːsruːm] n. 教室
clean [kliːn] vt. 弄干净，擦干净a. 清洁的，干净的
You must keep your clothes clean.你必须保持衣着整洁。

The teacher keep us cleaning the classroom every day.
Phr. do the (some) cleaning 打扫卫生
辨析: clean tidy clean指没有尘污; tidy表示整齐、有秩序、井井有条.
clear [klɪə(r)] 1) a. 清晰的；明亮的；清楚的
I made it clear to him that I refused his suggestion.我清楚地告诉他，我拒绝了他的建议。

I am not clear about the reason why you want to go.我不明白你为何要去的理由。

2)v. 清空；清除；澄清
In that case you'll have to clear yourself.那样，你只得自行辩白了。

clever ['klevə(r)] adj 聪明的；机灵的
Her mother was clever at many things.她妈妈对许多事情都很精通。

He was neither clever nor stupid, but good at his study.他既不聪明也不愚蠢,但是学习倒挺好。

辨析：bright clever wise intelligent smart
bright口语常用词，多指年轻人，尤指小孩思路敏捷，理解力强，机灵等。

clever强调头脑灵活，接受新事物快，有智有谋，但不一定暗示全面妥当地考虑问题。

wise侧重不是一般的聪明伶俐，而是有远见，有智慧，能明智地处理问题。

intelligent正式用词，指在理解新的、抽象东西或处理解决问题时，智力超过一般常人。

smart普通用词，与bright和clever的意思很相近，但更强调机灵。

climb [klaɪm] v. 爬，攀登
We go to climb mountains every Sunday.每个星期天我们都去爬山。

clock [klɒk] n. 钟
What time is it by your watch? It’s six o’clock.你的表几点了？六点了。

close [kləʊs] 1）a. 亲密的；近，靠近vt. 关，关闭
The church is close to my close friend’s house. (=is near to)教堂在我好朋友家附近。

2) vt. 关，关闭
Bess closed her eyes and fell asleep.贝丝合上眼睛睡着了。

3) ad. 近地；靠近地
Don't come too close! 不要太靠近!
辨析: 1)close, shut，turn off
这两个词的共同意思是“关闭”。

其细微区别在于:
close指把门等关到让人不能出入的程度,只表示关上; 而shut指关严并紧紧闩住,强调与外界隔绝。

表示“暂不开放”用close,表示“永不开放”用shut。

Turn off 常指关上水、电、气。

2) close, near
这两个词的共同意思是“靠近的,接近的”。

其区别是：强调距离或数量上的“接近”用close 更多些; 而强调关系或程度上的“接近”则用near更多些。

3) closed adj. 封闭的，关闭的，闭合的
When you leave here, keep the windows closed. 你离开的时候，把窗户关上。

clothes[kləʊðz] n. 衣服（pl)
He went off in his working clothes.他穿着工作服出去了。

clothes, clothing, coat, dress, overcoat, suit
这六个词的共同意思是“衣服”。

其区别是：
clothes是衣服的总称,含义较具体,指具体的“衣服”,可指上衣、下衣、外衣、内衣,也可指特定时间或情况下穿的衣服。

clothing也是衣服的总称,含义较抽象,泛指“衣着”这一概念,而且还包括鞋帽等,且有时clothing不一定与穿衣者有关,可与制造者或销售者有关。

例如:
People of different climates wear different clothing.生活在不同气候条件下的人衣着也不相同。

coat专指女式大衣或男式西装上衣。

dress指外衣或特定场合的衣服,尤指妇女或儿童日常服装、连衣裙等。

例如:
suit则指一套衣服,尤指男西装。

overcoat专指男大衣。

cloud [klaʊd] n. 云
When there are black clouds you can tell it's going to rain.有乌云的时候，就知道快下雨了。

cloudy [ˈklaʊdi] a. 多云的，阴天的
It's cloudy today. 今天阴天。

club[klʌb] n.俱乐部
He is an active member of the school's stamp club.他是学校集邮俱乐部的一名活跃会员。

coach[kəutʃ] 1）n. 家教；教练
The football coach was criticized by the local paper.这位足球教练受到了当地报纸的批评。

2）v.指导；训练I am coaching some people for English exams.我为一些准备英语考试的人做辅导。

coal [kəul] n.煤
The country is rich in oil and coal.
这个国家石油和煤的资源丰富。

coast[kəust] n.沿海地区；海岸
He is going to live by the coast for the sake of his health.他为了自己的健康，打算到海滨地区去居住。

coat [kəut] n. 大衣；外套（专指女式大衣或男式西装上衣）
coffee ['kɔfi] n. 咖啡
Give me a coffee ( a cup of coffee), please. 请来杯咖啡。

coin [kɔin] n. 硬币
#coke ：[kəuk] n可乐
cold[kəuld] adj. 冷的n. 寒冷；伤风；感冒；
You'll have to wash with cold water. 你只好用冷水洗了。

Put on your coat, or you may catch a bad cold.穿上你的外套,否则你会重感冒的。

collect[kə'lekt] v.收集；采集
Some people like to collect things as their hobby.
They collected money for those who lost their jobs.他们为那些失业者募款。

college ['kɔlidʒ] n.专科学院；大学
Our daughter is going to college in autumn.我们的女儿秋天就要上大学。

辨析：college, school, university
这组词都有“学校”的意思。

其区别在于:school一般指儿童或中学生学习或受教育的场所; university指综合性大学,可授予各种学位; college多指与综合性大学相对应的或综合大学内的专科院校,尤指军事、体育或艺术院校。

colour (AmE.color ) ['kʌlə] n. & v. 色；彩色；给着色
What’s your favorite color? It’s green . OK ,color it green.
come [kʌm] (came [keim], come) v. 来
He will come on time even though it rains.即使下雨，他还是会准时来的。

短语：come across (偶然）遇见
come back 回来
come from /来自；从…来
come in 进(come into + n)
come on 过来；加油
come out /出版；发表；出来
come out of 走出
come over to 过来
come this way 这边走
come to 来到
come true /（梦想等）实现；成为现实
come up with 提出想出制定出答出
comfortable ['kʌmfətəbl] adj.舒服的
Neither chair is comfortable.两把椅子坐起来都不舒服。

common ['kɔmən] adj.通常的；普通的
We have common topics to talk about.我们有共同的话题可谈。

They have the same hobbies and interests in common.他们有着共同的兴趣和爱好。

communicate [kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt] v. 交流；传达（感情，信息等）
I like to communicate with my family.我喜欢和我的家人沟通。

communication [kə,mju:ni'keiʃən] n.交流；传达
Radio and television are important means of communication.无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。

*community [kə'mjuːnəti] n 社区；团体
He refuses to join any community.他不参加任何团体。

# company ['kɔmpəni] n.公司陪伴
Don't mention it. I've really enjoyed your company.不必客气,有你的陪伴,我也很开心。

compare [kəm'pεə] v.比较；对照
I compared the copy with the original, but there was not much difference.我比较了复印件和原件，但是差别不是很大。

competition [,kɔmpi'tiʃən] n. 竞争；比赛
To our joy, he had got the first prize in the dancing competition.我们高兴的是,他在舞蹈比赛中获得了一等奖。

辨析：competition race contest match
这些名词均有“比赛，竞争”之意。

competition多指体育运动中的各项比赛、角逐，也指知识、技巧等方面的竞赛。

contest多指在音乐、书法、演讲等方面所进行的比赛或竞争。

其结果，由评判委员会裁决。

match较量的比赛, 一般是一对一, 一个队对另一个队.
race 多指有关速度的比赛。

complete [kəm'pli:t] 1) v..完成
Can you complete your task on time?你们能按时完成工作吗?
2) a. 完整的；完成的
When you marry the right woman, you are COMPLETE. （娶对老婆，你这一生就完整了。

）When you marry the wrong woman, you are FINISHED. （娶错老婆，你这一生就完蛋了。

）computer [kəm'pju:tə] n.电脑
My computer doesn’t work. So I want to get it repaired. 我的电脑坏了，因此我想找人修一下。

concert [ 'kɔnsə:t] n.音乐会
It is good to go to a concert for a change.到音乐会去换换环境比较好。

Don’t make noise at the concert. 音乐会上禁止喧哗。

condition [kən'diʃən] n. 条件；情况
The government hopes to better the conditions of the peasants.政府希望改善农民的生活条件。

be in good / poor condition 处于好的/坏的状况
#composition[,kɔmpə'ziʃən] n 作文
You've made several mistakes in grammar in the composition.你的作文中犯了几处语法错误。

#conference ['kɔnfərəns] n.会议(专门性的正式会议)
He is in conference. 他正在开会。

connect [kə'nekt] v.连接
The police tried to connect him with the murder.警方试图将他与这起谋杀案联系起来。

consider [kən'sidə] v.考虑;认为
Consider carefully before doing anything.三思而后行。

We are considering building a library here. 我们正考虑在这里建座图书馆。

continue [kən'tinju:] v. 继续
The rain continued all day. 雨连续下了一整天。

control [kən'trəul] v. & n 控制；管理
How could the ordinary rules of life be expected to control him? 你怎么能指望他会受生活常规的束缚呢?
He is in control of the supermarket. 这家超级市场是由他管理的。

The car went out of control and knocked into the pole. 汽车失去了控制,撞到了杆子上。

conversation[,kɔnvə'seiʃən] n. 会话；会谈
Did you have a conversation with him?
你和他谈过话了吗？
cook [kuk] n. 炊事员，厨师v. 烹调，做饭
His uncle is a cook. He will cook dinner for us this evening. 他叔叔是厨师，今晚会给我们做晚饭。

#cooker['kukə] n. 厨具
*cookie ['kʊki] n. 饼干
cool [ku:l] a. 凉的；凉快的; 酷的
Copy ['kɔpi] n. 抄本，副本；一本（份，册……）v. 抄写；拷贝
They copy a lot during examinations .他们在考试时大量抄袭。

*corn [kɔːn] n 谷物；玉米
Many farmers grow corn in America.在美国，许多农民栽种谷物。

corne r ['kɔ:nə] n. 角；角落；拐角
The news soon spread to the farthest corner.消息很快传到最远的角落。

correct [kə'rekt] v. 改正；纠正a. 正确的，对的；恰当的
Your answer to the question is correct.你对这个问题的回答是正确的。

She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his bad habits.她批评他,想纠正他的坏习惯。

辨析: correct, right
这两个词意思相同,都表示“正确”,多数情况下可互换。

例如:
Your answer is right〔correct〕.你的答案是正确的。

其区别是：
correct含有按标准或规则往往是“正确”的意味; 而right含有按道德规范往往是“正确”的意味。

cost (cost, cost) v.& n 值（多少钱）；花费
How much do the vegetables cost?
=How much are the vegetables ?
=What are the price of the vegetables?
=How much are the vegetables worth ?
这些蔬菜值多少钱？
He saved his daughter at the cost of his life.他以牺牲自己的生命挽救了女儿。

辨析：cost, pay, spend, take
这组词的共同意思是“花费”,指某人买或做某事所花费的时间或金钱。

其区别是：
1.spend和pay的主语只能是人; cost的主语是物或事; take后接时间时，主语也可以是人。

此外，take和cost还可以用动词不定式或动词不定式短语作真实主语,而it为形式主语。

spend (spend on)花费时间或金钱，可接动名词。

pay的搭配范围最窄,常只接金钱。

例如: I paid him $200 for this painting.我付他200美元买了这幅画。

She spent ten dollars shopping for food.她购买食品花了10美元。

The work cost me a lot of time and effort.这本著作花费了我大量的时间和精力。

We took a week to finish the work.我们花了一个星期完成这项工作。

It costs us a lot of money to build a house.盖房子花了我们很多钱。

It took me one year to read this book.我用一年时间读了这本书。

cotton ['kɔtən] n. 棉花
cough [kɔ:f] n.& vi.咳嗽
Cover your mouth when you cough.咳嗽时要捂上嘴。

The baby has a bad cough.
婴儿咳嗽。

could[强kud, 弱kəd] modal v. 有可能；可以
coun t [kaunt] v.计数；数数
It's the thought that counts 心意到了就行了。

country['kʌntri] n国家；乡村
China is a developing country while Japan is a developed one.中国是一个发展中国家,而日本是一个发达国家。

I like living not in the city but in the country (countryside). 我喜欢生活乡下而不是城市。

countryside['kʌntri,said] n.农村地区；农村
couple ['kʌpl] n. 夫妇；一对
Next door to us there's a couple from the USA.我们隔壁住著来自美国的一对夫妇。

couple, pair
这两个词都有“一双”“一对”的意思。

其区别是：
1.couple指在一起或互有关系的两个人或物,但并不意味是同样的,且可分可合; pair指由两个一样的东西组成的“一对”“一双”“一副”,缺一不可。

例如:
I found a couple of socks in the room but they do not make a pair.我在房间找到两只袜子,但不是一双的。

2.couple和pair都可指“夫妻”, pair更强调“般配”。

例如:
Not every couple is a pair.天下夫妇多,珠联璧合少。

courage ['kʌridʒ] n.勇气
I don't think I have the courage to tell him the bad news.我觉得我没有勇气告诉他这个坏消息。

course [kɔ:s] n.课程；过程
She took a course in history.她选读了一门历史课程。

They argued in the course of conversation.他们在谈话过程中争论起来。

Of course 当然（可以）
cousin ['kʌzən] n.堂（表）兄弟，堂（表）姐妹
cover ['kʌvə] n. 盖子；封面v. 覆盖，遮盖
You can't judge a book by its cover. 不能根据封面判断一本书(不可以貌取人)
He covered her mouth with his hand. 他用手捂住了她的嘴。

cow [kau] n.奶牛
Do you know how to milk a cow?你知道怎么挤牛奶吗？
crayon ['kreiən] n蜡笔
crazy ['kreizi] adj.发疯的；着迷的
She's crazy about him.她为他神魂颠倒。

create [kri'eit] v.创造; 造成
The project will create up to 40 new jobs.这项工程将提供40个新的工作岗位。

cross [krɔ:s] n. 十字形的东西vt. 越过；穿过
The Red Cross is an international charity. 红十字会是个国际性的慈善机构。

It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过车来车往的街道很危险。

辨析：across through cross 都可表示“横过”或“穿过”
across主要表示从某物的表面“横过”，涉及“面”的概念。

They live across the Central Plaza.他们住在中央广场的对面。

through则表示从某个空间“穿过”，涉及“体”的概念。

Cross =go across across是介词；cross是动词
# cruel ['kru:əl] adj. 残酷的
The death of their daughter was a cruel blow.女儿的死对他们是一个残酷的打击。

cry [krai] n. & v. 呼喊；哭泣
She couldn’t help crying in the face of failure.面对失败，她忍不住哭了起来。

The girl in the river is crying for help.掉进河里的女孩正喊救命呢。

He heard a cry for help, and he rushed out of the office.他听到有人喊救命,就冲出了办公室。

culture ['kʌltʃə] n. 文化；文明
He is a man of little culture.他没多少文化修养。

cup [kʌp] n.杯子
Would you like a cup of tea? Yes，please.
*custom ['kʌstəm] n.习惯；风俗
It is my custom to go for a walk before breakfast.早餐前出去散散步是我的习惯。

cut [kʌt] (cut, cut) v. & n. 切；砍
Face round, please, so that I can cut your hair at the back.转一下头, 好让我可以剪你后面的头发。

短语：cut down 砍倒
cut off 切断
cut sth into .....把......切成.... 把....译成....
cut up 切碎。