(完整版)定语从句的判断及基本用法

先行词
She was the person who wrote this great book.
主句
关系词 定语从句
在主从复合句中起定语作用，修饰句中的名词
或代词的从句称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或 代词称为先行词(the antecedent)。引导定语从 句的词叫关系词(the guide word)。
2. “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and does so throughout life, and put it into an area that doesn’t repair itself,”, Professor Raisman said.
• 复合句是一个主句和一个或一个以上 的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，通 常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子 成分，不能独立存在。但是从句也有 主语和谓语部分。所不同在于，从句 须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句 和主句的作用。
Which sentence pattern is it?
• She was an author and she wrote this
限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语
限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作状语
• “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and does so throughout life, and put it into an area that doesn’t repair itself,”, Professor Raisman said.
Sentence pattern
• 英语句式可分为三类：简单句(Simple sentence)，并列句(Compound sentence) 和复合句(Complex sentence)
• 当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为 简单句。
• 含有两个或两个以上独立分句的句子叫 并列句，这些独立分句处于平等的、互 不依从的并列地位。
great book.
并列句
• She was an author. She wrote this great
book.
简单句
• She was the author who wrote this
great book. 复合句
How to distinguish an attributive clause?
Step 4：判断从句类型
• 根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断
从句类型。
名词充当先行词
• My ambition is to work for aΒιβλιοθήκη Baidufirm
that develops computer software. 定语从句
• Professor Smith who has returned from Harvard University will give a lecture on British literature in the lecture hall tomorrow.
关系词 关系代词 which, that, who, whom, as, whose 关系副词 when, where, why
• My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software. 复合句
Step 3：找从句及主句
• 从句也有主语和谓语部分，从句须由 一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主 句的作用。
• 关联词之后的主谓结构与关联词构成 从句。
• My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software. 从句
非限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语
• The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows.
Step 1：找谓语动词
• My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software.
Step 2: 判断句式
• 判断句子是简单句(只有一个主谓结构)， 并列句(由并列连词and, but, or等连接)还 是复合句(由从属连词引导)
• This is the biggest change that I have experienced so far.
• The novel that you lent me last week is really interesting and touching.
1. The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows.
限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语
定语从句的考察
考察形式
• 阅读中长难句分析 • 语法填空 • 短文改错 • 书面表达
考点
• 从句判断 • 关系词 • 主谓一致
判断方法 关系词
关系词只用that 关系词只用which 关系词只用who 关系副词在从句中作状语
判断方法 找从句(缺成分)，前有名词或代词