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(完整word版)英国文学史习题全集(含答案)
(完整word 版)英国文学史习题全集(含答案)3Part One Early and Medieval English LiteratureⅠ. Fill in the blanks.1. In 1066, ____， with his Norman army, succeeded ininvading and defeating England 。
A. William the ConquerorB. Julius Caesar C 。
Alfred the Great D. Claudius2。
In the 14th century ， the most important writer (poet)is ____ .A. LanglandB. Wycliffe C 。
Gower D. Chaucer 3. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is____。
A. novel B 。
drama C. romance D. essay 4。
The story of ___ is the culmination of the Arthurianromances 。
A 。
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight B. BeowulfC 。
Piers the PlowmanD 。
TheCanterbury Tales5。
William Langland’s ____ is written in the form of adream vision 。
A 。
Kubla KhanB 。
Piers the PlowmanC 。
The Dream of John Bull D. Morte d'Arthur1—5 ADCAB 6-10 ACBAB6. After the Norman Conquest ， three languages existedin England at that time 。
英语专业论文题目大全及英语专业本科毕业论文选题方向
英语专业论文题目大全好的论文题目既是研究的方向，也是一个新的学习领域。
你会像一叶小舟，尽情游弋在知识的海洋中。
确定选题写论文，首先要有选题。
我们要从当前英语教学实践中亟待解决的和对英语教学改革实践起指导作用的问题中确定选题。
题目是文章的眼睛，应该让读者一看题目就能洞察出文章的内容范围。
感受深则写之顺，驾轻就熟，容易出成果。
（1）选题要新颖创新是论文的生命线。
尽量写别人未总结过的东西，要有创造性、新颖性，做到人无我有、人有我新，以爆“冷门”，增强发表的命中率。
选题要新颖，就要把握时代的脉搏，关注学科教学改革的动态。
捕捉、探讨本学科的信息，以科学性为前提，言他人所未言，发他人所未见，示读者所未知，不是一味地标新立异。
新颖性还指选题的写作角度新、立意新，别人写过的老题目，如兴趣教学、课文教学等，我们可以从新的角度去写，另辟蹊径，写出自己新的经验、观点，写出自己的真知灼见，只要能予人以新的启示，同样能取胜。
（2）从小处着眼大题目的论文并非不能写，但题目过大，会不着边际，捉襟见肘，往往要说的东西太多，结果是什么也讲不深道不透，两、三千字无法包容其内涵。
从小处着眼，把题域缩小一些，使题目变得具体、实在，有利于作者更集中、深入地搜集材料、出示论据，写起来得心应手，做到“小题大作”，从而给读者更多有益的东西。
在取得一定的写作经验之后，一旦有大的选题而且有迫切的写作欲望，我们同样可以着手撰写。
以下是从网络上搜集到的题目，供大家参考：语言与语言学类从历史文化的发展看某个英语词或短语的语义演变英诗中常用的修辞英语谚语的修辞手法委婉语种英语中的缩略语英语词汇中的外来语单词英语新词新意探究美国英语的特色如何正确把握英语定语从句（或其他各种从句或语法形式）在句子中的确切含义Fuzzy Words and Their Uses in Human CommunicationAmbiguity and Puns in EnglishSome basic consideration of styleEnglish by NewspaperEnglish Personal Pronouns: a Preliminary Textual Analysis九江学院外国语学院2010届英语专业本科毕业论文选题指南Thematic Network and Text TypesAn Inquiry into Speech Act TheoryOn Lexical Cohesion in Expository WritingThe Inferences of Conversational ImplicationsContext and MeaningThe Construction and Interpretation of Cohesion in Texts 语言教学类多元智能理论在小学英语教学中的应用小学英语教学中的故事教学小学英语教学与智力开发初中英语教材Go for it的适应性研究如何有效地进行初中/高中阅读教学初中/高中英语教材中的文化因素初中/高中英语教材中的文化因素合作学习在中学英语学习中的应用角色扮演与高中英语教学任务型语言教学在语法教学中的应用怎样教授中学英语词汇英语教学中情感的重要意义扩大词汇量和提高英语阅读能力的关系提高英语阅读速度的主要障碍英语阅读能力和阅读速度的关系第3 页共20 页通过扩大知识面提高英语阅读能力如何在阅读实践中提高英语阅读能力阅读英文报刊的好处如何处理精读和泛读的关系如何对付英语阅读材料中的生词如何通过阅读扩大词汇量提高阅读能力和提高英语听力的关系英语听说读写四种技能的关系通过英语阅读提高英语写作能力英语快速阅读能力的构成成分中学生英语自主学习能力的培养英语教学中的语言焦虑及解决策略简笔画-英语教学中简单高效的教学手段提高英语听力理解能力的策略和技巧电子辞典与英语教学普通话对英语语音的迁移作用母语迁移在基础教育各阶段中的作用提高大班课堂教学的效果《英语课程标准》研究口语教学中教师的角色从心理学角度探讨少儿英语教学英语课堂提问的策略研究九江学院外国语学院2010届英语专业本科毕业论文选题指南英语后进生产生的原因以及补差方法研究英语词汇教学方法探讨小学生英语口语能力评估方法研究朗读在英语教学中的作用任务型教学法研究方言对学生英语语音的影响英语阅读课堂教学模式探讨英语课堂的合作学习策略研究中学生英语学习策略的培养探究式教学法在中学英语教学中的应用现代信息技术在英语教学中的应用教师教学行为对高中生英语学习的影响实施成功教育减少两极分化小学英语活动课教学模式研究中学英语听力训练最佳方案原版电影与英语学习中学生英语兴趣的培养《疯狂英语》（或各种教学方式）的利与弊张思中教学法实践调查报告如何杜绝中式英语英语教师的文化素养网络时代如何学好英语第5 页共20 页背景知识与阅读理解上下文在阅读理解中的作用家庭教师在中学生英语学习中的利弊中学英语教学现状分析中学英语课堂上的Daily Report中外教师解释课文方法比较中外教师课堂提问方法比较中外教师课堂鼓励性用语比较中外教师对学生总体要求之比较计算机辅助英语教学中的诸问题不同种类的计算机辅助英语教学方式计算机辅助英语教学中的教学法原则The Instructive Meaning of Inter-language Pragmatics for foreign Language TeachingPedagogical Translation and Translation TeachingThe Importance of Cultural Authenticity in Teaching MaterialsMicro-teaching and Student Teacher TrainingHow to uate the Teacher Performance - A Case StudyEnglish Test DesignThe Interference of Native Language in English Writing or Translation Translation Methods and English Teaching翻译类九江学院外国语学院2010届英语专业本科毕业论文选题指南英汉文化差异和翻译英语习语翻译翻译与语境翻译中的对等问题翻译中的衔接与连贯翻译中的文化信息传递语篇体裁与翻译策略汉语四字词语的翻译数字的翻译翻译中的语序转换谈英语被动句的翻译英汉句法对比和翻译谈合同（或其他各种类型文本）的翻译英语否定句的翻译广告英语及其翻译中国特色词汇及其英译英语长句的理解与翻译商号、商标、公司名称等的翻译Importance of Meaning Group in Translation文学类文学批评方法之我见解读布莱克诗篇《老虎》的象征意义第7 页共20 页弥尔顿创作目的和结果的矛盾之我见华滋华斯诗歌的自然观简析《秋颂》的美学价值由《云雀颂》看雪莱的诗歌创作观论叶芝诗歌中的象征主义狄金森诗歌的现实意义论现代诗歌与后现代诗歌的异同解读《麦克白》的创作意义由海明威的《杀人者》理解客观叙述法解读福克纳的《干燥七月》中外文学作品比较不同英语文作品比较英文作品中的人物分析英文作品的社会意义英文作品的文体风格参考文献除相关的专著之外，以下杂志的现刊与过刊可供参考：《中国翻译》，《上海科技翻译》，《外语教学与研究》，《外国语》，《中小学外语教学》，《外语电化教学》，《中小学英语教学与研究》，《外国文学评论》，《福建外语》，《外语界》，《国外外语教学》，《现代外语》及外语院校学报等，以及中国知网九江学院外国语学院2010届英语专业本科毕业论文选题指南补充：从效度实证研究评估大学英语口试的设计和实施uation on Design and Operation of CET Spoken English Test through Its Validity Study外语学习倾向与语言成绩的相关性研究Research on Correlation Between Foreign Language Learning Orientation and Language Achievement英汉汉英口译信息传真技巧研究A Study on the Strategies to Achieve Faithfulness in Chinese-English and English-Chinese Interpretation.关于非英语专业学生语言学习观念的研究A Study of Non-English Majors’Beliefs about Language Learning对现代英语促销信的系统功能语法分析Analysis of Modern English Sales Promotion Letters from a Systemic Functional Perspective两所大学理工科学生英语词汇学习策略和学习成绩EFL Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Language Learning Achievement of Science and Engineering Majors in Two Universities关于非英语专业学生性格特质和英语成绩的研究A Correlative Study of Non-English Majors’Personality Traits and English Achievement体裁教学法应用于理工科学生阅读课中的实证性研究第9 页共20 页An Experimental Study of Genre-based Teaching Approach in Reading Class for Science Students如何处理广告英译中的跨文化语用失误How to Deal with Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Failure in Translating Advertisement from Chinese into English阅读策略教学效果的实验型研究Empirical Study on the Effects of Reading Strategy Instruction学习策略及策略运用与语言水平相关性研究A Study on Learning Strategies and the Relationship between Strategy Use and Language Proficiency医学内科词素频率调查及其应用Corpus-based Survey of Internal Medical Morphemes and the Application of the Findings英汉称谓对比研究—以《红楼梦》为蓝本Study on the Comparison and Translation of Chinese and English Address Forms—based on A Dream of Red Mansions英语专业本科毕业论文选题方向A 英国文学（英国文学的文化研究、作品分析等）；✧国别文学研究和地域文学研究✧文学流派研究(如：浪漫主义，现实主义，自然主义，超现实主义，存在主义，黑色幽默，意识流，女性主义文学等)九江学院外国语学院2010届英语专业本科毕业论文选题指南✧作家研究和文本分析✧中外比较文学研究B 美国文学（美国文学的文化研究、作品分析等）；✧国别文学研究和地域文学研究✧文学流派研究(如：浪漫主义，现实主义，自然主义，超现实主义，存在主义，黑色幽默，意识流，女性主义文学等)✧作家研究和文本分析✧中外比较文学研究C西方文化（英美加澳新等西方国家文化以及与汉文化的比较研究）；✧文化与外语学习✧中西方文化比较✧地域文化研究(如：“美国60年代的摇滚学--社会的晴雨表”)D语言学（语言学一般理论的研究）；✧语言学研究(如：语言研究，文字研究，词汇研究，短语和句子研究，语篇研究，语言与文化等)E教学法（英语教学法、测试学等方面的研究）；✧语言教学研究，教学法研究，教学方法和技巧研究(如：语言研究与语言习惯，第11 页共20 页测试与评估研究，课堂教学管理研究，教育技术的使用与开展研究)✧英语学习个体差异研究(如：不同性格的学生的口语能力有何不同？)F翻译学（翻译理论与实践探讨、译本研究以及名家名著翻译作品对比研究等）；✧翻译学理论研究✧翻译方法个案研究(如：“从海明威的短篇小说《一个干净、的地方》看简洁句的翻译”)✧中外翻译比较G 商务英语✧国际贸易与实务等✧旅游与旅游管理等H其它类✧其他(如：国际关系类论文等)附：英语专业论文参考选题（以下选题仅供参考，毕业论文题目的最终确立请与指导教师认真磋商。
英语专业英美文学论文题目大全
论《雾都孤儿》的幽默艺术Tom Jones, a Dissipated but Kindhearted Man放荡而又善良的汤姆琼斯The Free Will and Rebellious Spirit in Paradise Lost《失乐园》中的自由意志和反叛精神On the Development of Shylock’s Character论夏洛克的性格发展Morality and Criticism in Tom Jones评《汤姆•琼斯》中的道德观与批评观On Imogen，the New Feminine Image in Cymbeline论《辛白林》中伊慕琴的新女性形象Burns’View on Love and Friendship论彭斯的爱情友谊观The Reflection of Art and Life in Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode on a Nightingale《希腊古瓮颂》与《夜莺颂》中艺术与生活的对照The Womanism in "The Color Purple"On the Differences between Chinese and Westerners in Non-language Communication谈中国人和英美人非语言交际的差异On the Contribution of the American Blacks during American Civil War美国黑人在美国历史上的贡献On American Black English浅谈美国黑人英语On the Differences of the Marriage Concept between Chinese and American浅谈中美婚姻观念的差异A Contrastive Analysis of Table Manners and Culture between China and Western Countries On the Ideological Content in Bacon’s Essays论培根散文的思想性Women's Movement in 1960s in American美国六十年代的妇女运动Analysis the negative effects of violent television and movie on children浅析影视暴力对青少年儿童的负面影响The Influence of Chinese Cultural Circumstances on English Learning汉语环境对英语学习的影响A Comprehension of Male Centrad Literature through A Doll’s House黑色的坚毅——小说《飘》主人公的性格分析Black Determination——An Analysis of the Personalities of the Main Character in Gone with the Wind从浪漫走向世俗的新型女性——《理智与情感》中玛丽安的性格分析人性的扭曲信任的危机--重读《奥》剧杂感Random Thoughts on Othello爱情叙写与人性魅力--论《红与黑》中两位女主角Love Account and Human Fascination-- On the Two Heroines in "The Red and the Black"风暴之女--艾米莉·勃朗特--评析作家经历和性格对作品的影响《荒野的呼唤》中"巴克"的多重性格分析Analysis of the Complicated Nature of Buck in ″The Call of the Wild″《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格分析《裸者与死者》中的受虐性格分析Analysis of the Masochistic Character Portrayed in The Naked and the Dead压抑与扭曲的灵魂——霍桑《红字》主人公人物性格分析The Constrained and Distorted Soul ——the Analysis of the Protagonists Disposition of "The Scarlet Letter"财经类院校英语专业"体验英美文学"教学模式探究On the Teaching Strategy of Experiencing British and American Literature英美文学虚拟教学课堂的架构设计The Architecture Designing of Virtual Classroom of British and American Literature高校英语专业英美文学课程的现代教学思路增强英美文学意识促进英语语言教学当代英美文学的存在主义解读Interpreting Contemporary British and American Literature From the Angle of Existentialism奈保尔的旁观者写作视角与象征写作手法Onlooker's Perspective and Symbolism ofV.S .Naipaul's Writing福克纳小说中象征隐喻手法微探On the Skill of Symbolic Metaphor in Faulkner' Novels詹姆斯·乔伊斯作品中象征主义手法的运用有组织的混乱,制度化了的疯狂——透视《第二十二条军规》的写作手法Organized disorder and the systemized chaotic society试析《这里的黎明静悄悄》小说的写作手法中国象征派诗歌与西方象征主义之关系浅探Relation between Chinese Symbolic Poetry and the Western Symbolism战争的棋子——茨威格笔下受战争戕害的人物分析The Chess of the War——The Analysis of the Victim in the War from Zweig沉重的背叛——《生命中不能承受之轻》主人公萨宾娜人物分析The oppressive betrayal——The character analysis of the heroine, Sabina, in The Unbearable Lightness of Being Hester and Dimmesdale’s Attitudes towards Love and life in The Scarlet Letter论《红字》中海斯特和丁梅斯代尔对爱情、罪恶、生活的态度On Sister Carrie’s Criticism upon American SocietyOn Scarlett’s Attitude towards Life关于斯佳丽的生活观On the Characterization of Picaresque Huck论哈克的流浪汉形象On the Moral Spirit in the Great Gatsby.论《了不起的盖茨比》中的道德观Thomas Hardy’s Pessimism in Tess of the D’urbervellesA Study of Tom Joad in the Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》的中汤姆•约德研究Mark Twain’s Linguistic Style in The Adventures of Tom SawyerOn the Characteristics of Uncle Tom汤姆叔叔的性格分析A Study of the Themes in a Farewell to ArmsThe Tragic Fate of “a Pure Woman”in the Conflict of the Individual and the Society“一个纯洁女人”在人与社会发展冲突中的悲剧命运On the Language Style of a Midsummer-Night's Dream论《仲夏夜之梦》的语言风格The Social Significance of Swift's Gulliver's TravelsThe Psychological Analysis in Macbeth论莎士比亚《麦克白》的心理刻画Inflexible Ada in Cold Mountain《冷山》中执著的艾达On the Romanticism and Realism of Alice in Wonderland论爱丽丝梦游仙境的童话性与现实性On the Tragicomedy of Rebecca in Vanity Fair论《名利场》中利蓓加的悲喜一生On the Humour of Oliver Twist英美文学论文题目1. A Study of The Gift of Magi2. A Brief Comment on An American Tragedy3.On Motif of The Call of the World4.Love Tragedy and War—An Analysis of A Farewell to Arms5. A Study of Sister Carrie6.The Evil of Mankind Portrayed in Moby Dick7.On Henry Heming in The Red Badge of Courage8.Emily Dickinson and her Poems9.Analysis of A Rose of Emily10.Analysis of the theme of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn11.On the symbolism of The Old Men and the Sea12.The Language of Shakespeare’s Sonnets13.Deep Love And Deep Hatred—A Brief Analysis of Wuthering Heights14.Psychological Descriptions In Hemingway’s The Snows Of Kilimajaro15.On Ernest Hemingway And His Novel The Sun Also Rises16.The Literature Characteristics in A Tale of Two Cities17.On the Symbolism of D.H. Lawrence’s The Rainbow18.Love and Loss in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s Poetry19.How Emily Dickinson’s Lyrics Resemble Hymn20.The Humor of Robert Frost21.Folk Elements in the Poetry of Langston Hughes22.John Keats’s Sensuous Imagery23.The Vocabulary of Music in Poems of Wallace Stevens24.Non-free Verse: Patterns of Sound in three Poems of William Carlos Williamsngston Hughes, Gwendolyn Brooks, and Dudley Randall as Prophets of Social Chang26.What It Is to Be a Woman: The Special Knowledge of Sylvia Plath,Anne Sexton, andAdrienne Rich27.Popular Culture as Reflected in the Poetry of Wendy Cope, Michael B. Stillman, Gene Fehler,and Charles Martin28.The Complex Relations Between Fathers and Sons in the Poetry of Robert Hayden, AndrewHudgins, and Robert Philips29.Making up New Words for New Meanings: Neologisms in Lewis Carroli and Kay Ryan30. A Brief Analysis of the Heroine Personality in Jane Eyre 《简爱》的主人翁个性分析31. A Brief Comment on O’Henry Short Stories 亨利的短篇小说述评32. A Comment on Hardy’s Fatalism 评哈代的宿命论33. A Comparison between the Themes of Pilgrimage to the West and Pilgrim’s Progress 《西游记》与《天路历程》主题的比较34. A Probe into the Feminist Idea of Jane Eyre 《简爱》男女平等思想的探索35. A Study of Native American Literature 美国本土文学的研究36. About the Breaking of American Dream from the Great Gatsby 从《了不起的盖茨比》看美国梦的破碎37. Humor and Satire in Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》的幽默与讽刺38.Influence of Mark Twain’s Works in China 马克吐温的作品在中国的影响39.Love Tragedy and War—An Analysis of A Farewell to Arms40.Sister Carrie and Jennie Gerhardt41.The Evil of Mankind Portayed in Moby Dick42.On Henry Heming in The Red Badge of Courage43.Emily Dickingson and her Poems44.Analy sis of “A Rose of Emily”45.The Aesthetic Interpretation of Ezra Pound's Poetry46.Symbolism in The Great Gatsby47.an Analysis of the theme of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn48.On the symbolism of The Old Men and the Sea49.Cultural Shocks in the English Language Textbooks50.Deep Love And Deep Hate—A Brief Analysis On Wuthering Heights51.Psychological Descriptions In Hemingway’s The Snows Of Kilimajaro52.On Ernest Hemingway And His Novel The Sun Also Rises53.Difference Between China And The West Reflected In Social Manners54.First Love, Lost Love in George Eliot’s Adam Bede55.鸟的赞歌--------评英国浪漫派诗歌56.《呼啸山庄》的悲剧分析57.海明威英汉形象和冰山风格58.《名利场》的现实意义59.苔丝的形象分析60.哈姆雷特的犹豫再探讨61.爱伦坡小说的艺术创作成就62.爱伦坡小说人物塑造63.O Neill剧作对美国戏剧的影响64.华兹华斯的语言风格65.华兹华斯的自然观66.诗人哈代67.简述哈代的悲剧性叙事艺术On Hardy's tragedy narrative art68.奥斯丁与勃朗特写作风格异同The comparison between Austen and Bronte in writing style69.杰克·伦敦(或某作家)《》(某作品)评述On Farewell to Arms of Hemingway70.浅析《失乐园》中撒旦的形象塑造71.《还乡》的悲剧艺术特色72.蓓基形象再解读73.蘩漪与伯莎梅森的比较研究74.爱玛形象的魅力75.海明威研究——浅析海明威笔下的女硬汉子76.《苔丝》的悲剧性与现代性Tragedy and Modernity in Tess of D’Urbervilles77.华兹华斯诗歌的和谐观On the View of Harmony in Wordsworth’s Poetry78.海明威小说的悲剧意识79.从《老人与海》看海明威的创作特点80.《红色英勇勋章》的叙述技巧分析81.论《白鲸》的象征含义82.论吴尔夫的《1间自己的房间》中的女权主义83.论简。
Comment on Hemingway’s “Code Hero
Comment on Hemingway’s “Code Hero”.In Hemingway’s works, he created a recognizable group of people with distinct characteristics, which combines the strong spirit in Hemingway himself with the characters of tough guys. This is what we called the code her o. One of Hemingway’s major theme, grace under pressure is acted out by the code hero with some common traits.Generally speaking, they all share the similar living environment, personality, life experience and the great potential and courage hiding in their inner heart. No matter soldiers, bullfighters, hunters or fishermen, apart from loneliness, they all have to combat with adversity, violence, failure and death. Their potential both physical and spiritual is provoked in the most dangerous confrontation, which endows them great power. And in turn this power will be destroyed by the much stronger social and natural forces. The value of these tough guys lies in their unyieldingness even when they have been destroyed. This is what Hemingway called “grace under pressure”: their dignity, courage, persistence and endurance.More specific, they share the following characteristics:1) They all have great physical potential and courage. They tend to measure themselves against the difficulties that life throws in their ways. With the knowledge that they will all lose ultimately because they are mortals, they still play the game honestly and passionately in spite of that knowledge. Heroes rise from failure.2) They all have strong willpower with which they are able to endure physical and emotional pain in silence, show grace when defeated and face death with dignity.3) They are courageous, daring to travel and have "beautiful adventures," as Hemingway would phrase it4) They are completely honest, keeping one's word or promise. It is not spoken of but performed, not told but suggested.5) They maintain free-will and individualism, never weakly allowing commitment to a single woman or social convention to prevent adventure, travel, and acts of bravery. And they never show their emotions.6) They admit the truth of Nada (Spanish, "nothing"), i.e., that no external source outside of oneself can provide meaning or purpose. This existential awareness also involves facing death without hope of an afterlife, which the Hemingway Code Hero considers more brave than "cowering" behind false religious hopes. In the chaotic and meaningless world, man fights a solitary struggle against a force he does not understand. The awareness that they must end in defeat, no matter how hard they fights against it, engenders a sense of despair. So they are often pessimistic and of disillusionment.In short, they are sensitive, intelligent but keep their emotion under control, stoic and self-disciplined in a dreadful place where one cannot get happiness. They are men of action and of few words.The image of the code hero is fully expressed in Hemingway’s charac ters. Among them, the character Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea achieved the summit of it.In Our Times, the hero Nick is the embryo of the code hero. He was hard-working, adventurous and a out-door activity lover. He took part in the war when he grew up but returned home with wound and disappointment. It lays a good foundation for the birth of the hero in The Sun Also Rises, Jack Barnes. Barnes was hurt both physically and spiritually in the war. He wasemasculated but couldn’t marry his beloved girl, which brought him great pain. But he paid active efforts and finally got the true meaning of life through watching the bullfight. This is the successfully created code hero. After him, another war-weariness hero, Henry in A Farewell to Arms comes into being. Being wounded in WWⅠand realizing that war would benefit no one, Henry escaped to Switzerland with Catherine Barkley. Henry was a hero for he took action bravely but gave up when he realized the war was insignificant. The characters in the early stage are with traits of hero but aimless.The representative code hero in the second stage is the hero in For Whom the Bell Tolls, Robert Jordan. He was sent to blow up a strategic bridge. With a lot of difficulties, he successfully destroyed the bridge but wounded in the retreat and then died. He showed us his attitude facing death that life is worth living and that there are causes worth dying for.In the last stage, the hero Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea reaches the summit of the code hero. This novel depicts the fight between Santiago and the sharks in protection of his giant marlin. Although the marlin was eaten but the skeleton and Santiago was half dead exhaustion, he was not defeated in the eye of his child. “Man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated”, this is the belief of the hero. Man is spiritually indestructible in confrontation with hardships. Santiago is just the perfect man that Hemingway advocates.Hemingway’s hero possesses a kind of despairing courage. It is this courage that enables a man to behave like a man, to assert his dignity in face of adversity. This is the essence of a code of honor in whi ch all of Hemingway’s heroes believe.。
O.Henry 英文 生平简介
William Sydney Porter (1862-1910)O.Henry –One of the greatest short-novel-tellers in the world The father of the modern American short stories• Life is made up of sobs, sniffles and smiles with sniffes predominating. 人生是由呜咽、抽泣和微笑组成的，而在三者之中，抽泣处于支配地位。
•He was a prolific American short-story writer, a master of surprise endings, who wrote about the life of ordinary people in New York City.•Henry was known as a good end, it was called “O• Henry-end”.(欧亨利式结尾)Although some critics were not so enthusiastic about his work, the public loved it.•He was called Prose Laureate<lɔriɪt>of Manhattan and Father of short stories.•(曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父)•He is one of three short story master in the world.(O. Henry , Maupassant莫泊桑, Chekhov 、契诃夫)ContentLife IntroductionO Henry’s worksO Henry’s Features I.I I.I I I.I V.Some Comments on O. Henry•In 1862O. Henry was born •in Greensboro, North Carolina.His father, Algernon Sidney Porter, was a physician(医生).His mother,Mary Jane Virginia Swaim Porter, sometimes wrote poetry.In 1865, when he was three, his mother died,and he was raised by his paternal (父亲般的)grandmother and maiden aunt.William was an avid reader.As a child, Porter was always reading, everything from classics to d ime novels（无价值小说）, his favorite work was Lane's translation of One Thousand and One Nights.• 1. Real name：Williams Sydney Porter•威廉姆斯·西德尼·波特• 2. Birthplace: Greensboro, North California • • 3.Family Background: his father, a physician • • 4. Education: receive little formal schooling •• 5. Working Experiences: did a variety of odd jobs （药房学徒、牧牛人、会计员、土地局办事员、新闻记者、银行出纳员）•When he was 15he became a pharmacy[ˈf ɑrm əsi]药房）apprentice （学徒）and then he moved to Texas to improve his health as a herding （畜牧）cattle person. (• 1882.Porter traveled with Dr. James K.Hall to Texas in March 1882, hoping that a change of air would help alleviate a persistent cough he had developed.) In taxes ,he got a lot of a life experience.worked as a shepherd , ranch hand(大农场工人), cook and baby-sitter. While on the ranch, he learned bits of Spanish and German from the mix of immigrant ranch hands.• 1884 .he traveled with Richard to AUSTIN.Porter took a number of different jobs over the next several years, first as pharmacist then as a draftsman, bank teller and journalist.He also began writing as a sideline(副业).Porter led an active social life in Austin, including membership in singing and drama groups . Porter was a good singer and musician. He played both the guitar and mandolin(曼陀林（一种琵琶类乐器）).• •• In 1887he married Athol and his wife encouraged him to pursue his writing. •1888.Athol gave birth to a son in 1888, who died hours after birth.•• 1889.his daughter, Margaret Worth Porter was born.••• In 1894 he started a humorous weekly The Rolling Stone（《滚石》）.•When the weekly failed, he joined the Houston Post as a reporter and columnist(专栏作家).•• In 1897 he was convicted of embezzling[im:bezl]挪用）money and sentenced to five years in prison.•• His wife died on July 25, 1897 from tuberculosis([tʊbə:kjəlosɪs, tjʊ-]肺结核）.••His pseudonym（笔名）：It is believed that Porter found his pen name while in jail, where one of the guards was named Orrin Henry. Other sources say that the name was derived from his calling “Oh Henry!”after the family cat, Henry. Guy Davenport wrote that the name was a condensation of “Ohio Penitentiary”（俄亥俄监狱）• While in prison Porter started to write short stories to support his daughter Margaret.• Porter was released on July 24, 1901, for good behavior after serving three years.•He had fourteen stories published under various pseudonyms while he was in prison, but was becoming best known as "O. Henry",a pseudonym([su:dənɪm]假名，化名) that first appeared over the story "Whistling Dick's Christmas Stocking" in the December 1899 issue of McClure's Magazine.• B.入狱风波1891年，欧·亨利在First National Bank of Austin做一名职员，正当他的生活颇为安定之时，却发生了一件改变他命运的事情。
英语论文参考文献
英语论文参考文献[1] samour, l.a. and r.e porter. intercultural communication: a reader (5thed) [m].wadsworth publishing co., 1988.[2] goodman k. s. reading: a psycholinguistic guessing game [j]. journal of reading, 1976.[3] anderson rc. frame works for comprehending discourse [j]. american educational research journal, 1997,14: 369.[4] 胡文仲小编. 文化艺术与人际交往[m]. 北京市:外语教学与研究出版社,1994.[5] 肖健硕. 英文学习方法[m]. 北京市:现代出版社,1997.[6] 马博森. 课堂教学中的话语分析方式,外国语教育探索[m]. XX年第2期63-66页.[7] 廖道胜.中国学生英文阅读中的人文阻碍,英语教学[m]. XX年第4期73-77.biographical datawang lin, holds a doctorate in comparative literature and is vice-professor and dean of the english department of foshan university. he specializes in english literature and translation. he teaches english reading, translation, english literature, english poetry and has translated more than twenty english fictional and non-fictional works, such as aesops fables, the black pearl, the naturalism, the president lady, and oscar wilde and his fairy tales. he has published over ten academic papers, among the major ones; a study on dubin's life, a study on translating criticism of creation society, oscar wilde and tian han,and a plan to explore the oral english teaching for students of non-english major.英语专业论文论文选题可分成下列好多个课程方位一、词汇学(语言学一般基础理论的科学研究);二、英美文学(英美文学的文化教育、著作研究等);三、翻译学(翻泽理论和实际讨论、译版科学研究及其名人名篇翻泽著作比照科学研究等);四、英美文化(美国英国加澳新等欧美国家文化艺术及其与中国文化的比较研究);五、教学方式(英语教学法、检测学等领域的科学研究)。
英语国家的历史事件和名人
英语国家的历史事件和名人英语国家的历史事件和名人在世界历史中扮演着重要的角色。
它们不仅塑造了英语国家独特的文化和身份，也对全球产生了深远的影响。
本文将回顾英语国家的一些重要历史事件和著名人物，展现他们的成就和影响。
1. 罗马入侵与英国建立公元43年，罗马帝国入侵英伦，标志着罗马化的开始。
罗马统治下的英国受到拉丁文化和发展的影响，英语的词汇也来源于古罗马语。
然而，罗马统治并没有持续很久，罗马帝国在5世纪撤离英国，而盎格鲁-撒克逊人则开始在岛上定居并建立了英格兰。
2. 英国国王亨利八世亨利八世是英国历史上最知名的国王之一。
他统治时期的最重要事件之一是他与罗马教廷的决裂，建立了英国国教，这标志着英格兰宗教改革的开始。
亨利八世也因为他的六次婚姻而闻名，其中一些婚姻改变了英国的政治格局。
3. 苏格兰独立与罗伯特·布鲁斯14世纪，苏格兰与英格兰之间爆发了长期的独立战争。
罗伯特·布鲁斯是苏格兰独立战争中的重要人物，他领导苏格兰人民反抗英格兰的统治。
他的成功最终导致了苏格兰的独立。
4. 英国文艺复兴与莎士比亚16世纪，英国经历了文艺复兴运动，这是英格兰文化繁荣的时期。
威廉·莎士比亚是这一时期最伟大的文学家之一，他创作了许多经典的戏剧作品，如《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《哈姆雷特》等，对英语语言和戏剧产生了深远的影响。
5. 英国殖民扩张与美国独立英国的殖民扩张对全球历史有着重要的影响。
17世纪末，英国在北美建立了13个殖民地，这些殖民地最终演变成了美利坚合众国。
美国独立战争是美国脱离英国统治的一系列战争，最终导致美国独立宣言的发表。
6. 英国工业革命与乔治·斯蒂芬逊18世纪，英国经历了工业革命，这是现代工业化的重要事件之一。
乔治·斯蒂芬逊是工业革命时期的重要人物，他发明了蒸汽机，极大地促进了工业生产的进步，对全球产业发展产生了重大影响。
7. 英国女王维多利亚维多利亚女王是英国历史上任期最长的君主，她统治时期被称为维多利亚时代。
英国文学史习题全集(含答案)_(2)
16.Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost embodyMilton’s belief in the powers of _____.
8.____is a prose poem on death and immortality.
A. The Anatomy of Melancholy B. Religio Mecici
C. Holy DyingD. Urn-Burial
9.Izaak Walton’s ____ is a delightful description of the English countryside and the simple and kind people.
A. aabbccbbcB. abbacdccdC. abacdeecD. ababcdcdd
2._____ , as a declaration of people’s freedom of the press, has been a weapon in the later democratic revolutionary struggles.
9.Dryden wrote about 27 plays. The famous one is _______, a tragedy dealing with the same story as Shakespeare’sAntonyand Cleopatra.
10.The main literary achievements of the 17thcentury lies in the poetry of John Milton, in the prose writing of John Bunyan, and in the plays and literary criticism of ______.
Henry_Fielding—novelist
２．His works:
His famous plays: The Coffee House Politician (1730)《咖啡店政客》 The Tragedy of Tragedies (1730)《悲剧中的悲剧》 Pasquin 讽刺诗(1736) The Historical Register for the Year 历史记事 His Novels: Joseph Andrews 约瑟夫.安德鲁 The History of Jonathan Wild , the Great大伟人乔纳森.维 尔德传 The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 弃婴汤姆·琼斯的故事 Amelia阿尔米亚
His plays was applauded by the public but hated by the government. In 1737 when the political censorship of the Licensing Act went into effect, his theatrical career came to an end. He began to take up law and was admitted to the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1740. He was made a judge in 1748. Then Fielding began his novel writing by attacking Richardson. In 1742 he published his first novel The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews
Achievement in English novel
Historical Comments on Shakespeare's Henry V
Historical Comments on Shakespeare's Henry V Political CorrectnessTo the English, Henry is a major heroic figure. This is true today, and it was even truer in Shakespeare's day. In writing plays about English royalty, Shakespeare is treading on dangerous ground. He obviously wanted to give as true a picture of Henry as he could, but he couldn't stray too far from what “everybody knows”. In particular, he had to avoid anything that might reflect poorly on the current royalty, such as the madness of the French King.Interestingly enough, modern producers seem to be more squeamish than Shakespeare about Henry's greatest crime, ordering the murder of the prisoners (Act 4, Scene 6). Both the Oliviet and Branagh productions leave this out. Unfortunately, they also have to leave out the hilarious scene with Pistol and the French soldier (Act 4, Scene 4). This scene doesn't make sense without the massacre later on.Tennis BallsIn Act 1, Scene 2, the French Dauphin taunts Henry for his youth by sending a gift of tennis balls. Historically, this is ridiculous. Henry already had experience on several campaigns, and France had been weakened by internal power struggles. The French were very worried about Henry's possible ambitions in France. A studied insult (like Shakespeare's tennis balls) would have been out of the question.Yes, the Dauphin could have sent tennis balls. The game goes that far back.King Charles VI of FranceCharles was insane. Shakespeare does not play on this at all. I suspect some political correctness here, as Charles's blood (and tendancy toward insanity) was part of the British royal line at the time of Shakespeare. Queen Elizabeth was Charles's great- great- great- granddaughter.The Branagh production of Henry V shows this. At the signing of the Treaty of Troyes (Act 5, Scene 2) Charles is totally out of it. Historically,he had no idea what was going on, and his aides had to guide his hand to sign the treaty.Robbing a ChurchIn the play, Bardolph is hanged for robbing a church, and Henry makes a pious little speech about not molesting French villagers. (Act 3, Scene 6) The rules are historical, and there are reports of a soldier being hanged in full view of the army for stealing from a church. I have no idea how strictly these rules were enforced overall,however.One of the main activities of the English inthroughout the Hundred Years War was thechevauchée. This was an expedition through theFrench countryside with the explicit aim ofdestroying as much as possible. Churches were specialtargets. Remember that one of the main incentives to join the Army was to share in the plunder. Henry's orders not to molest churches, or clerics, or women, were not popular.Henry's trip from Harfleur to Calais was technically a chevauchée, done against the explicit and unanimous advice of his advisors. If the French had continued with their harassing tactics, or had waited for a more advantageous battlefield than Agincourt, or had done essentially anything other than what they actually did, it would have been a major disaster for the English.“Tell Thy King I Do Not Seek Him Now”In Act 3, Scene 6, Henry admits to Montjoy, the French herald, that his army is feeble and sick, and that if the French army allows him to continue on to Calais, he will not seek battle. All very noble. Historically, Henry was prepared to offer far more than just avoiding battle; he offered to give back Harfleur and pay a large indemnity. The French, however, wanted a battle, and Shakespeare didn't want to show his hero trying to buy his way out of trouble.CasualtiesOne of the most amazing facts about the battle was the extraordinary lopsidedness of the casualties. Shakespeare tells of ten thousand Frenchdead versus 29 English dead (Act 4, Scene 8). More modern estimates put the number of French dead at between 4000 and 11000, with best estimates about 7000 (including the murdered prisoners), plus another 2000 prisoners. Estimates of English dead range from Shakespeare's 29 to a high of 1600. (The high number probably represents all deaths for the entire chevauchée, including deaths from dysentary.) The best estimate is about 400.“Your Majesty Shall Mock Me”One of Shakespeare's greatest love scenes is in Act 5, Scene2. Unfortunately, it couldn't have happened that way. First, although English had replaced French as the official court language, Henry spoke fluent French. Second, one did not “woo” a noble lady in those times. One figured out how to arrange a marriage. While Catherine, historically, seemed rather pleased by her marriage to Henry, she had no say in the matter.So What's Right?Practically everything. Despite the problems wit h “political correctness”, Shakespeare shows us a lot of Henry's personality:∙He is intellegent, energetic, and an excellent leader.∙He is very pious, with lots of masses, hymns, etc.∙He has a bad temper, and can go off into towering rages. (Act 2, Scene 2)∙He really did order the execution of the captives (Act 4, Scene6). Note that he did it before he discovers the looting of thebaggage train (Act 4, Scene 7), despite what Gower says there.MoviesThere are two major movie versions of Henry V; the Sir Lawrence Olivier version (1944) and the Kenneth Branagh version (1989). The Olivier version was made to cheer up the Britons who had suffered through the bombings of WW II. It was designed to show the English winning big at something, and as such, it downplays all of Henry's rough edges.The Branagh version of 1989has a lot more grit. As noted above, the only really major omission was the murder of the prisoners. It also has a number of other interesting historical features:∙Henry is always wearing his armor.∙Henry's piety got to be really obnoxious.∙King Charles of France is really insane.∙The Battle of Agincourt in the movie was muddy. Not as muddy as the real battle, but much better than the squeaky- clean Olivier version.As a minor point, the Duke of York (portrayed in both movies as a young and handsome knight) was in fact fat and middle-aged. He drowned after falling off of his horse into the mud.。
自考毕业论文题目(各专业优质选题推荐)
自考毕业论文题目（各专业优质选题推荐）自考论文选题是指自考毕业生在专业教师的指导下确定的论述范围与研究方向，是解决“写什么”的问题，属于内容范畴。
选题在毕业论文的写作过程中起着重要作用，它是一切科学研究中的一个具有决定意义的步骤，是衡量一个人创造才能高低与科研素质优劣的重要依据。
所以，同学们一定要在认真研究与分析资料的基础上，依据自己的能力与条件，选择与确定毕业论文所要研究及所要解决的问题。
自考专业按级别分为本科和专科，按类别分为英语、汉语言文学、药学、新闻学、公安管理、法律、行政管理、国际贸易、营销、采购与供应管理、金融、秘书、会计、物流管理、人力资源管理、教育、企业管理、土木建筑、机电一体化、电子政务、护理、财税等专业，由于篇幅原因，本文整理了部分专业自考毕业论文题目供大家参考一、自考英语论文题目 1. A Brief Analysis of the Heroine Personality in Jane Eyre 《简爱》的主人翁个性分析 2. A Brief Comment on OHenry Short Stories 亨利的短篇小说述评 3. A Comment on Hardy's Fatalism 评哈代的宿命论 4. A Comparison between the Themes of Pilgrimage to the West and Pilgrim's Progress 《西游记》与《天路历程》主题的比较 5. A Study of the Translation of Sports Terms 体育专有名词的翻译 6. A Study of Transitional Words and Expressions 过渡词及表达法的研究 7. About the Breaking of American Dream from the Great Gatsby 从《了不起的盖茨比》看美国梦的破碎 8. About the Quality-oriented Education in English Language Teaching 英语教学中的素质教育 9. Error Analysis in English Learning as a Foreign Language 英语学习中的错误分析研究 10. Euphemistic Expressions in Foreign Affairs 外事用语中的委婉表达 11. Features of Network English 网络英语的特点 12. Food Culture in America and China 中美饮食文化比较 13. Linguistic Features of English Advertisements 英语广告的语言特征 14. Linguistic Taboos in Chinese and English Languages 谈汉英语言中的禁忌现象 15. Logical Fallacies in English Writing 英文写作中的逻辑谬误 16. Metaphoric Expressions in Poem 论…诗中的暗喻 17. On Winston Chutchill's Prose Writing 评邱吉尔的散文写作 18. Parallelism in English 英语中的排比现象 19. Personality Factors to the Success of Foreign Language Learning 个性因素在外语学习中的作用 20. Points of View and the Mode of Discourse in Vanity Fair 论《名利场》的观点及言语方式 二、自考会计论文题目 1.完善会计准则体系的研究 2.收入确认方法研究 3.资产计量方法探讨 4.责任会计与财务会计关系的研究 5.关于责任会计与财务会计结合方法的研究 6.关于第X号具体会计准则的研究 7.完善会计理论体系之我见 8.衍生金融工具与会计 9.关于第X号具体审计准则的研究 10.连环替代法改进的研究 11.股票定价策略研究 12.会计报表勾稽关系的研究 13.经济环境与会计计量模式 14.实证会计方法研究 15.会计教育体系研究 16.中美会计异同研究 17. 关于复式簿记的发展趋势研究 18.社会中介审计与政府审计研究 19.审计抽样方法研究 20.注册会计师执业监督研究 三、法律自考论文题目 1.论表达自由的保障与限制 2.论法律调整的局限性 3.浅析中国实现法治的社会基础 4.我国法律监督体制中若干问题分析 5.论法律规则与法律原则的适用 6.论网络中舆论监督权的行使 7.我国立法过程中的公众参与问题研究 8.论法律移植与本土资源 9.社会弱势群体权利的法律保护研究 10.社会救助权的法律保障问题研究 11.中国古代的司法原情与司法公正的关系 12.清朝时期律例冲突之协调 13.唐朝疑难案件的解决与法律发展 14.中国刑罚制度的历史演进及其规律 15.中国古代土地私有与土地兼并现象的法律分析 16.清官难断家务事的法律分析 17.英国法律中的程序先于权利 18.德国宪法法院的地位 19.近代以来法国宪法的历史演进及其规律 20.美国违宪审查制度的历史成因 四、行政管理自考论文题目 1.新农村建设中农村金融体系资金供求分析 2.××市医疗保险制度存在问题及对策研究 3.××城市圈地方政府合作问题研究 4.××城市居民最低生活救助制度研究 5.××市黄金交易存在的问题及对策研究 6.东湖开发区农村集体工地征地拆迁问题及对策研究 7.××市电子政务建设问题研究 8.成都电子政务的现存问题及发展对策 9.东莞市卫生行政管理信息化建设研究 10.公共部广]绩效评估的理念与方法探索 11.我国服务型政府构建分析 12.西方发达国家公共部广]绩效管理的述评及其启示 13.公共部门]绩效管理指标体系的构建与研究 14.行政成本分析及其有效控制途径探索 15.公共事业单位产生与发展的原因分析 16.公共事业单位发展中面临的问题探讨 17.我国公务员制度中存在的问题及对策 18.公共服务民营化研究 19.非政府组织运作的困境及对策 20.危机管理中政府职能重塑 五、自考汉语言文学论文题目 1.结合作品分析二战后现代文学的荒诞主题 2.论存在主义作品中的荒谬感 3.巴尔扎克的《人间喜剧》中的人物形象分析 4.从《高老头》看巴尔扎克的创作风格 5.论拜伦诗歌的艺术风格 6.浅议狄更斯作品的人道主义精神 7.《少年维特之烦恼》与德国的“狂飙运动” 8.论《浮士德》的思想主题及其艺术特色 9.卡夫卡小说中的异化主题 10.论卡夫卡《城堡》的艺术价值 11.治水神话的蕴含意义 12.从原始歌谣探讨原始艺术的基本特征 13.从汉赋的特点看汉人的审美观 14.论汉乐府民歌的抒情特点 15.论王维山水诗的美学特征 16.孟浩然山水田园诗的艺术风格 17.浅析郑光祖《倩女离魂》 18.论元代的“水浒”戏 19.论《子夜》的结构艺术 20.《虹》与《腐蚀》心理描写比较 六、自考食品专业论文题目 1.菠萝蜜低聚肽的免疫调节作用研究 2.高温、高湿干燥工艺对挂面产品特性的影响 3.大黄鱼鱼卵油微胶囊制备工艺及其性质表征 4.玛瑙樱桃与早美樱桃营养成分比较研究 5.骆驼掌胶原蛋白提取工艺优化与性能分析 6.不同品牌樟茶鸭风味特征分析 7.葡萄汁中糖酸组成分析及在掺假鉴别中的应用 8.糙米原料对挤压速食粥品质特性的影响 9.牦牛曲拉源乳酸菌的产香性能比较 10.不同品种甘薯生湿面条品质特性及加工适宜性分析 11.制麦工艺对特种麦芽品质的影响 12.枇杷果酒酵母的筛选、分离与鉴定 13.褪黑素处理对蜂糖李果实的保鲜效应 14.面粉对发酵酱油品质的影响研究 15.菜籽油脂质成分分析及甲酯化研究 16.香蕉中5种矿物质元素含量测定及营养评价 17.藜麦黄酒发酵工艺优化及其抗氧化特性研究 18.宁夏葡萄酒质量安全追溯现状研究 19.紫色西番莲果皮花色苷鉴定及其活性 20.不同原料酿造单粮白酒风味物质特异性分析 七、机电一体化自考论文题目 1.论机电一体化企业的标准化管理 2.出租车计价器工作机理分析与改进 3.某模拟点名器工作机理分析与改进 4.十字路口交通灯控制系统机理分析与改进 5.电梯自动控制系统机理分析与改进 6.抢答器控制系统机理分析与改进 7.送料小车控制系统机理分析与改进 8.霓虹灯控制系统机理分析与改进 9.某篮球计分器工作机理分析与改进 10.某简易排水系统控制机理分析与改进 11.基于PLC的电机顺序控制机理分析与改进 12.多工步转塔车床PLC控制机理分析与改进 13.花盆缺水报警器系统机理分析与改进 14.简易电子时钟工作机理分析与改进 15.简易LCD电子万年历工作机理分析与改进 16. PLC在数控系统中的应用与分析 17.基于Pro/E的某轴类零件造型方法的分析 18.某步进电机控制系统机理分析与改进 19.简易电子秤系统机理分析与改进 20.常用火灾报警器系统的分析与改进 八、自考药学论文题目 1.细菌对抗菌药物的耐药性 2.常用抗肿瘤药物的不良反应 3.急性脑卒中患者凝血。
欧亨利短篇小说鉴赏 英语文学赏析论文
摘要: 作为世界三大小说家之一，欧亨利与契诃夫和莫泊桑齐名。
他的作品因奇巧的艺术构思，出其不意的结尾而著称。
本文以欧亨利的三篇著名短篇小说为例，主要分析了“意料之外情理之内”的“欧亨利式结尾”的处理方法，包括营造出人意料但又符合情理的结尾效果的不同方法，以及这样的结尾方式如何能更深刻的表达人物的情感与小说的主旨。
关键词：艺术手法，人性，社会现实，欧亨利式结尾Unexpected and reasonale ending——A Brief Comment on O’ Henry’s Short Stories Abstract: O. Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. Exquisite plot, wry humor and twist ending dominate his works. Those surprising but logical endings are the most brilliant in all of the highlights. This thesis mainly analyses O. Henry’s surprising but logical endings of his famous works such as The Gift of the Magi , The Last Leaf an and The Cop and the Anthem.These O. Henry-style endings impress readers ,and at the same time ,help him express his ideas completely and vividly.So this thesis mainly analyses how O’ Henry set the plot to achieve the desired ending effect,and how the twist ending help idea-expression.Key Words:artistic styles; humanity; social reality; O. Henry-style endingContents1. Introduction (1)2. Unique O-style endingmethod (2)2.1 Improbable coincidence (3)2.2 Sharp contrast………………………………………………………………………42.3 Repetition and change (6)3. Conclusion (8)Bibliography (9)1. IntroductionO. Henry, originally named William Sydney Porter, is a distinguished American storywriter. He wrote more than 300 short stories in his life. His stories are full of colorful characters. He creates an original, typically American democratic form of short stories with, at its best, a valuable critical awareness of life and society tellingly expressed through humor. Therefore, some critics call him “the founder of American stories”. Being gifted with humor and a keen awareness of details, he objectively shows us what America looks like. All his stories putting together constitute a true panorama of American life.This thesis mainly emphasizes O. Henry’s unique twist ending.The ending of an article has long been considered as a conclusion or just a summary of the whole passage. However, O. Henry illustrates a new way, the so-called twist ending or sometimes the O. Henry’s ending. It means that at the end of an article the mental status or the fate of the character has changed greatly. But the whole passage is suddenly endowed with a great charm because of the ending. The author has your nerves all a quiver until the lastsentence. The surprise comes quickly and the story is finished. O. Henry is such a master of the unexpected ending that one must admire his skills. 2. Unique O-style ending methodO. Henry's trademark is the surprising ending that each of his stories contains. He sets a story moving in one direction, and just when the reader is convinced of the general direction of the narrative, the story will be completely reversed.This kind of ynexpected but reasonable ending which called O.Hernry’s ending may be a little sorrowful but it still gives the readers some hope,which is so-called “O.Henry’s humor(smile with tears)”. And if we look back to the total story, the ending seems logical and plausible. As a “plot-maker”, and designer of incident, he is an amazing genius. No one can do better than him to holds the reader in “suspense”. More than that, the reader scarcely knows that he is suspended until the very close of the story. Just as turns on the lights and the whole tale is revealed in its entirety. He uses this device of dramatic and humorous effect in the short story collection The Four Million which including “The Gift of the Magi ”, and “The Cop and the Anthem”, “the Service of Love”, “The last Leaf.”He often stresses on something important but not the most important in his works.The most important part always seems to write incidentally,which eben the most circunspective reader may ifnore it.When the stories end in a totally unexpected but reasonable way ,we can do nothing but cheer for O.Henry’s literary talent.2.1 Improbable coincidence (The Gift of the Magi)The novel “The Gift of the Magi” is about a young couple that is short of money but desperately wants to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unknown to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy platinum as the chain for Jim's watch; unknown to Della, Jim sells his most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jeweled combs for Della's hair.In the end ,both gifts became useless——short-haired Della got a comb and Jim got a chain for an already-sold watch.What a surprising coincidence! However, when we look back, we can find that O.Henry had already given us some suggestions.”Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim’s gold watch that had been his father’s and hisgrandfather’s. The other was Della’s hair.” This description is related to how they got the money for gifts and what they bought for each other. The auther used a casual and vague tone deliberately so that few people would think over its meaning before seeing the ending. So the ending turns out to be unexpected but reasonable.This coincidence is filled with complex emotions. People feel touched by the longlasting true love between the young couple and at the sametime ,pity for them for their “unwise” gifts and their cruel bitter life.Though confronted with cruel reality and dull daily routine, Della and Jim can never change their eagerness toward love. To them the most valuable material possession is so slight and insignificant ,when compared with the spiritual possession of love romance.Perhaps the gifts were "unwise" as the author says, but, as he further writes, "let it be said that of all who give gifts, these two were the wisest.”In The Gift of the Magi , we feel so pity that Della has her precious long hair cut. But to our surprise ,Jim has sold the watch to buy the jeweled tortoise-shell combs for her wife’s hair. O.Henry does not end on the note of irony and surprise but gives to what he calls his uneventful coincidenceof two foolish children the appearance of a little parable with a significant meaning. The magi , he reminds the reader ,were wise men who brought gifts to the Christ child. As for Jim and Della, the are the magi. This is the ending of the story with O.Henry’s own style.2. 2 Sharp contrast (The last leaf)In this story, Johnsy and Sue are artists who move into Greenwich Village in New York City. As Winter approaches and the weather gets colder, Johnsy becomes ill with pneumonia. She gets so sick that she believes that when the last leaf falls from the vine outside her window, she will die. An old artist, named Behrman, who lives in the same building as the girls, braves a storm one night to paint a leaf on the wall — a leaf that will never fall. Cold and wet from painting in the icy rain, he catches pneumonia and dies. This gives Sue the hope to survive her illness, and it also creates the masterpiece Behrman had always dreamed of painting.After reading the novel,we can find that Behrman rarely appears and O.Henry spent few words on him .We only know that he is a bad-tempered old painter. “He was past sixty and had a Michael Angelo's Moses beard curling down from the head of a satyr along with the body of an imp.”“Behrman was a failure in art”. Behrman earned little money by serving as a non-professional model and was a terrible alcoholic who sometimes “talked of his coming masterpiece”. He was “a fierce little old man, who scoffed terribly at softness in any one”.To be honest, Behrman was not a traditonal pleasing hero at all. He was fierce in personality , poor in money and untalented in painting.However, it is exactly him who saved Johnsy in a silent and artistic way——painting a leaf on a wall. This leaf gives Sue the hope of living, making her realize that: “It is a sin to want to die”.O.Henry did not tell how he helped Sue, how he painted his masterpiece and why he chose to do it deliberately but readers knew it from the conversation between Sue and Johnsy indirectly . Many details point to a truth that the old artist sacruificed his life to restore Sue’s will to live. All these things took place in a cold storming night and Behrman told no one about his plan. It shows that he did it not for praise, but just for saving a young girl.Behrman, given few show-ups and descriptions by the author , was rarely concerned by readers in early plot.Many people even think he is just an unimportant supporting role.But when we see the ending and know the truth, we find we were completely wrong. Behrman was a hero and a savior who did not only save a person’s life, but successfully saved an American dream for all the people who seek freedom and peace, connecting the social reality of that time.“The last leaf” is the symbol of hope, life and faith. Behrman seemed more alive than dead.This Sharp contrast strenthens the theme of love and sacrifice. Behrman’s behavior seemed more praiseworthy and inspiring after readers’psychological change . That’s what O.Henry wants to achieve. Though the touching ending makes us absorbed in sadness, the readers can still find gleams of hope and desire out of despair.2.3 Repetition and change (The Cop and the Anthem)In the story The Cop and the Anthem, Soapy, a homeless tramp, deciding to be sent to the prison on the Island which he called his winter quarter against the rigor and the hunger, attempted to practice several illegal activities for the purpose of “wooing capture”; but the cop, who stood nearby when Soapy was trying to attract his attention by his anti-law behavior, paid no special attention to Soapy every time, even “seemed toregard him as a king who could do no wrong”.Developing up here, the story must give the reader the conclusion that Soapy had to go back disappointedly to his home—a park bench. On his way, the sweet music of anthem from the church played by the organist and the beautiful moonlight scenery “wrought a sudden and wonderful change in his soul”, he made up his mind to “pull himself out of the mire”and “make a man of himself again”.Moving like this, the plot is not completely understandable at once. When the reader is puzzled about the use and meaning of growing plot, and just while Soapy was planning his tomorrow’s action for being “somebody in the world”, an unforeseen plot, and just while abruptly: he was arrested because a policeman thought him doubtful, and the next day he was sentence to “three months on the Island”.The story stops here suddenly in spite of the reader’s not immediate understanding. But after a moment of consideration, the reader’s surprise turns into admiration for his astonishing contrivance of tricky ending which reveals rigorously the real facts of reversal between truth and falsehood in capitalist society which confuses right and wrong.In this short stories, the plot develops as Soapy’s various anti-law behaviors being ignored by the cop time and time again. This kind of repetition may disappoint and bore readers in some degree.However, it’s exactly the highlights of the story. The more such repetition occurs the more confused and curious readers become. They can’t help wondering, “Why did all these happen again and again? What followed next? How will Soapy finally become?”and so on. Then there comes the change,which is also the climax——Soapy was inspired by the anthem from the church, but before he can truly make a brand new start in his life ,he got arrestted just because he looked like a criminal. With those repetitions in early times, the final ending seems so ironic and unexpected. Soapy seems more suffered being born in that rough-and-tumble age.3. ConclusionTotally speaking, in O. Henry’s works, the events of some short stories are arranged in the spe cific order which exceed reader’s normal expectation to the arrangement of those events in his works, make the ending unpredictable and strange. O. Henry deliberately designs the little tricks with words, for he is a master of language and not its slave.These unexpected but reasonable endings, in many conditions ,are the most remarkable parts in the novel. They also engage something profound in the human psyche and reflect sociel reality in that age . Bibliography[1] Medrick, Fred. An introduction to American literature[M]. Henan University Press, 1985[2] Hudson, Long. O Henry The Man and His Work[C]. New York:Russell and Russell, 1969[3] O, Henry, Heart of the West[M]. New York: McClure, 1907[4] O, Henry, The Four Million[M]. New York: Dobleday, Doran and Company. 1906[5] O, Henry, 欧亨利短篇小说[6] 李国宁. 欧亨利式结尾的艺术魅力[7] 赵书颖. “含泪的笑”与“含笑的泪”浅析欧•亨利的主题[8] 赵丽，黄春妮. 欧亨利作品导读[M]. 武汉: 武汉大学出版社2003 P3[9] 欧亨利. 四百万[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1988。
英语专业本科毕业论文选题方向【最新范本模板】
英语专业本科毕业论文选题方向A 英国文学（英国文学的文化研究、作品分析等）；✧国别文学研究和地域文学研究✧文学流派研究(如：浪漫主义，现实主义,自然主义，超现实主义,存在主义,黑色幽默，意识流，女性主义文学等)✧作家研究和文本分析✧中外比较文学研究B 美国文学(美国文学的文化研究、作品分析等）；✧国别文学研究和地域文学研究✧文学流派研究(如:浪漫主义，现实主义，自然主义，超现实主义，存在主义，黑色幽默,意识流，女性主义文学等）✧作家研究和文本分析✧中外比较文学研究C西方文化（英美加澳新等西方国家文化以及与汉文化的比较研究）；✧文化与外语学习✧中西方文化比较✧地域文化研究（如:“美国60年代的摇滚学——社会的晴雨表”)D语言学（语言学一般理论的研究）；✧语言学研究（如:语言研究，文字研究,词汇研究，短语和句子研究，语篇研究，语言与文化等）E教学法(英语教学法、测试学等方面的研究）；✧语言教学研究,教学法研究,教学方法和技巧研究(如：语言研究与语言习惯，测试与评估研究，课堂教学管理研究，教育技术的使用与开展研究)✧英语学习个体差异研究（如:不同性格的学生的口语能力有何不同？）F翻译学（翻译理论与实践探讨、译本研究以及名家名著翻译作品对比研究等）;✧翻译学理论研究✧翻译方法个案研究(如：“从海明威的短篇小说《一个干净、的地方》看简洁句的翻译")✧中外翻译比较G 商务英语✧国际贸易与实务等✧旅游与旅游管理等H其它类✧其他（如：国际关系类论文等）附:英语专业论文参考选题（以下选题仅供参考）1. A Brief Analysis of the Heroine Personality in Jane Eyre《简爱》的主人翁个性分析2. A Brief C omment on O’Henry Short Stories 亨利的短篇小说述评3. A Comment on Hardy’s Fatalism 评哈代的宿命论4. A Comparison between the Themes of Pilgrimage to the West and Pilgrim's Progress 《西游记》与《天路历程》主题的比较5. A Probe into the Feminist Idea of Jane Eyre 《简爱》男女平等思想的探索6. A Study of Native American Literature 美国本土文学的研究7. A Study of Student-Centered English Vocabulary Teaching以学生为中心的英语词汇教学8. A Study of the Translation of Sports Terms 体育专有名词的翻译9. A Study of Transitional Words and Expressions 过渡词及表达法的研究10。
亨利六世Henry VI上篇
亨利六世Henry VI上篇英国历史上的亨利六世，是一个备受争议的国王。
作为英格兰历史上最年轻的国王，他的登基和统治充满了波折和挑战。
在亨利六世的统治期间，英格兰经历了一系列的战争、政治变动和宗教分裂，这些事件都对英格兰的历史产生了深远的影响。
在亨利六世登基之前，他的父亲亨利五世已经在博西沙丘战役中赢得了一个辉煌的胜利，使得英格兰成为当时欧洲最强大的国家之一。
然而，亨利五世去世后，他的年幼儿子亨利六世继承了王位，并陷入了政治权力争夺的漩涡之中。
作为一个年幼的国王，亨利六世缺乏有效的领导能力和政治智慧，他的统治总是被各种势力所左右。
在英格兰内部，亨利六世的统治期间，国内出现了两个反对派——约克家族和兰开斯特家族。
这两个家族一度因为皇位而产生严重的冲突，而亨利六世在这两个家族中也没有取得任何有效的支持。
他的统治周期间，英格兰经历了长达三十年的玫瑰战争，这场战争造成了严重的社会动荡和财政困境，使得英格兰的经济和政治状况受到了严重的破坏。
此外，亨利六世的统治还受到了宗教分裂的影响。
在他的统治期间，马丁路德的改革运动在欧洲已经开始了，并在英格兰崛起，和天主教徒发生了严重的冲突。
在这样的背景下，亨利六世采取了不强硬的态度，并对宗教问题缺乏清晰的态度，造成政治上的朦胧和不确定性。
总的来说，亨利六世的统治期间，英格兰的政治、经济和社会环境出现了极大的混乱和动荡。
他的领导无疑存在着很多的缺陷和不足，使得英格兰受到了难以计量的损失。
然而，在这样的背景下，亨利六世仍然是一个备受爱戴的国王，他的人格和灵魂深受外界的钦佩和敬仰。
在下一篇我们将会继续深入解读亨利六世的统治历程，探寻他统治失败的真正原因，以及他对英格兰历史产生的真正影响。
ABriefCommentonO’HenryShortStories亨利的短篇小说述评
风格特点
幽默讽刺：通过幽默和讽刺来揭示社会现实和人性 情节曲折：故事情节曲折离奇，充满悬念和惊喜 语言简洁：语言简洁明了，富有表现力 主题深刻：主题深刻，探讨人性、社会、道德等问题
叙事技巧
采用第一人称叙述，增强故事的 真实性和感染力
注重细节描写，使故事更加生动、 形象
情感丰富：女性角色往往具有情感丰富的特点，她们对爱情、亲情、友情 有着深刻的理解和感受。
社会地位：女性角色在社会中的地位往往较低，但她们通过自己的努力和 智慧，逐渐改变了自己的命运。
男性形象分析
勇敢：男性角色通常表现出勇敢和坚韧的品质，面对困难时能够坚持到底。 智慧：男性角色通常具有智慧，能够解决问题，表现出冷静和理智。 责任感：男性角色通常具有强烈的责任感，对家庭、朋友和社会都有责任感。
THEME TEMPLATE
感谢观看
修辞手法
反讽：通过反讽来揭示社会 现实和人性弱点
象征：通过象征来表达深层 次的含义和情感
比喻：通过比喻来描绘人物 和场景，使读者更容易理解
夸张：通过夸张来增强语言 的表现力和感染力
排比：通过排比来增强语言 的节奏感和气势
双关：通过双关来增加语言 的趣味性和深度
语言风格对作品的影响
简洁明了：O'Henry的语言风格简洁明了，易于读者理解 生动形象：O'Henry善于运用比喻、拟人等修辞手法，使语言生动形象 幽默风趣：O'Henry的语言风格幽默风趣，使读者在阅读过程中感到轻松愉快 深刻内涵：O'Henry的语言风格深刻内涵，使读者在阅读过程中能够深入思考添加标题 Nhomakorabea添加标题
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英王亨利三世
英王亨利三世亨利三世（Henry III）是英格兰历史上一位重要的国王，他在位期间发生了许多重要的事件和改革。
本文将探讨亨利三世的生平事迹、对英格兰政治和文化的贡献，以及他的遗产对于现代英国的影响。
一、亨利三世的生平事迹亨利三世于1207年生于英格兰温莎堡，是英王约翰的儿子。
他在9岁时即位为国王，这使得他成为英国历史上最年轻的国王之一。
由于年幼，亨利三世的统治起初受到了贵族们的干涉和影响。
在他的统治初期，亨利三世经历了一系列政治动荡和内战。
贵族们试图争夺对王位的控制权，这使得他的统治陷入困境。
然而，亨利三世并不满足于被贵族控制，他开始寻求巩固自己的权力。
二、亨利三世的政治与文化改革亨利三世是一位重要的政治改革者，他努力推翻贵族的专权，并试图建立起一个更加强大的君主制。
他通过制定一系列法令和政策，削弱贵族的权力，提升国王的地位。
同时，亨利三世还致力于发展英格兰的文化和艺术。
他鼓励文化交流和知识传播，引进了许多欧洲的学术成果和艺术品。
在他的统治下，英格兰开始出现了许多文化繁荣的迹象。
三、亨利三世的遗产与影响亨利三世的统治结束后，他留下了许多重要的改革成果。
首先，他巩固了君主的权力，为后世的国王们奠定了基础。
其次，他的文化和艺术支持为英格兰奠定了一个新的文化基础。
亨利三世也为英国的法律和制度发展做出了重要贡献。
他创建了许多法庭和法案，为后世法律体系的建立打下了基础。
他还参与了修订并确立了《大宪章》，保护了人民的权益和自由。
从长远来看，亨利三世的统治为英格兰的政治体系奠定了基础。
他的改革和努力为后世君主提供了一种模式，并影响了英格兰的国内政策和外交事务。
四、结论亨利三世是一位重要的英国国王，他的统治期间发生了许多重要的事件和改革。
他努力巩固国王的权力，推动了政治和文化的发展。
他的改革成果为英格兰留下了重要的遗产，并对现代英国产生了深远的影响。
尽管亨利三世的统治也遭受了一些批评，但他为英格兰做出的贡献不容忽视。
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成绩
课程名称：英国历史文化
授课教师：夏洋
院系：英语学院（英日复语）
班级：2011级7班
姓名：张辰
学号：110110723
Comment on Henry Ⅱ
Few kings of England have done such lasting work as Henry Ⅱ. He left the country with a system of government and a habit of obedience that were able to keep the peace long after his death.
But just as an old saying goes: “Every coin has two sides.” So I will give an objective comment on him.
Let’s begin from his good aspects. Under Henry, for the first time, conditions became settled enough for a steady increase in trade and population. What’s more, he is best remembered for his reform of the courts and their law.
First, he firstly destroyed all the fortresses which the barons had illegally built to limit their power. By this, their military strength was worn down. In other words, he destroyed the threat.
What’s more, he sent out his own judges to make regular tours of the country and any freeman could take a case to them. In my opinion, these steps changed the court’s character. And the jury system was real progress because it not only made it easier for the judges to collect evidence but also helped to avoid possible mistakes. Besides, The Common Law was reflects court judgments through ages.
Another side is the negative aspect.
In criminal cases, the methods used by the jury were called “trial by ordeal” which meant corporal punishment. The cruel practice was replaced by court debate at last. I think this changed his image among people.
By the way, his quarrels with his sons and Archbishop Becket spoiled his peace. Especially when he heard the death of Thomas Becket, he regretted for losing his temper. But it was useless.
All in all, I think the advantages carry more weight than the disadvantages. His contributions are worth praising and his faults are also important experience for us.。