高中英语单词构词法(完整版)

高中英语单词构词法郭会清整理编写1．词干(Stem)acu 尖≈sharp【例词】acute敏锐的,尖锐的;acumem敏锐,聪明;acupuncture针灸alti 高≈high【例词】altitude高度;altimeter高度计;exalt提高,提升ambula 行走≈walk【例词】ambulance救护车;ambulant流动的;ambulate行走,移动ann 年≈year【例词】anniversary周年纪念;annual每年的;annals编年史anthro 人≈man【例词】anthropoid似人类的,类人猿;anthropology人类学;anthroposociology人类社会学arch 统治≈ruler【例词】monarch君主;anarchism无政府主义;patriarch家长,族长aster,astr 星≈star【例词】astrology占星术;astronomy天文学;asterisk星号,星标audi 听≈hearing【例词】audience听众;audible听得见的audiphone助听器auto 自己≈self【例词】automation自动化;autobiography自传;autosuggestion自我暗示bio 生命≈life【例词】biology生物学;biography传记;biocide杀虫剂brevi 缩短≈short【例词】brief简短的;brevity简洁;abbreviate缩写capit 头,首要≈head【例词】capital首都;decapitate斩首;capitation人头税,按人收费【删除红字】ced 走,移动≈go, ;【删除;】move【例词】recede后退,引退;unprecedented史无前例的;precede先行,居先cess 走,移动≈go,move【例词】access通路;process进展chron 时间≈time【例词】chronology年表,年代学;chronic慢性的;synchronal同步的,同时发生的cide 杀,切≈kill,cut【例词】suicide自杀;insecticide杀虫剂;bactericide杀菌剂confid 相信≈trust【例词】confidence信心;confident有信心的;confidential秘密的,机密的cord 同心,和谐≈heart【例词】accordance一致,调和;concord协调,同意;discord不和,不一致cred 相信≈trust,belief【例词】credit信用,信任;incredible难以置信的;credulous轻信的cur 跑,动≈run,move【例词】current潮流;excurse远足,旅行;incursion入侵,进入cycl 圆,轮≈circle,wheel【例词】bicycle自行车;tricycle三轮车;hemicycle半圆的dic,dict 说≈s ay,speak【例词】indicate指示,暗示;dictate口授；【加】diction措词domin 统治≈rule,control【例词】dominate主宰;indomitable不屈不挠的duce,duct 引导,带走≈lead,take【例词】introduce介绍;induce引诱；【加】conduct指导equ 相同≈same,equal【例词】equality平等;equivalence对应物；【加】equator赤道faci 容易≈easy【例词】facile易得到的,不花力气的;facilitate使...容易fact 做≈make,do【例词】manufacture制造;factory工厂;enefactor恩人,施恩者fer 搬运,带来≈carry,bring【例词】ferry轮渡;transfer搬运,转移;interfere干预fin 限制≈end,limit【例词】finalize使...了结;infinite无限的;define限定,下定义flect,flex 弯≈bend【例词】reflect反射,反映;flexible易弯曲的;reflexctor反射镜flu 流动≈flow【例词】influence影响;fluent流利;fluid流动的,液,流体form 形状≈shap【例词】reform改革;conform符合frag 打破≈break【例词】fragile易碎的;fragment碎片;fracture骨折gen 生产≈produce【例词】generate产生;genetics遗传学;genesis起源,创始geo 土地,地球≈land,earth【例词】geology地理学;geometry几何学;geocide地球末日grad 走≈go,step【例词】graduate毕业;gradual逐步的;degrade退化,堕落graph,gram 写≈write,writing【例词】telegraph电报;program节目,说明书;diagram图表grate,grati 感谢≈thanks【例词】grateful衷心感谢的;gratitude感谢grav 重,严肃≈heavy,serious【例词】gravity重力,严重性;grave严重的;gravimeter比重计,测重器gress 走,行走≈go,walk【例词】progress进步;aggressive侵略的;congress会议herb 草≈grass【例词】herbal草本植物的,草药书;herby长满草的,似草的humid 湿≈wet【例词】humidity湿度,湿气;humidify使湿润hydr 水,液体≈water,liquid【例词】hydroelectric水电的;hydroplane水上飞机;hydrospace海洋世界ject 抛≈throw【例词】eject喷射,逐出;inject注射;reject拒绝;【删除;】just,ur 正义,公严≈just【例词】justify证明正确; jurist法学家;【位置调换】jury陪审团juven 年轻≈young【例词】juvenile青少年;rejuvenate(使)返老还童;juvenilia少年文艺读物labor 工作≈work【例词】laborious费力的;collaborate合作,协作later 边际,派别≈side,party【例词】bilateral双边的;unilateral单方的;equilateral等边的leg 法律≈law【例词】legislate立法;illegitimate非法的;legislature立法机关literat 文字≈letter【例词】literature文学;illiterate文盲;semiliterate半文盲的loc 位于,位置≈place【例词】location地点;allocate分配;localism地方主义lumi 轻,亮≈light,bright【例词】illuminate照明;illuminance照明度;luminary发光体,杰出人物magni 大≈big, great【例词】manufacture生产,加工;manage管理;manuscript手稿man(u) 操作≈hand【例词】manufacture生产,加工;manage管理;manuscript手稿mar 海洋≈sea【例词】submarine潜艇;maritime海事的,海运的;mariner海员meter,metri 测量,度量≈measure【例词】thermemeter温度计; 【删除;】;altimeter高度计mit,miss 发送≈send【例词】emit放射;vomit呕吐;transmission播送,传送mort 死亡≈death【例词】mortal致命的;immortal不朽的;postmortem死后的nomin 命名≈name【例词】nominal名义上;nominate提名;innominate无名的,匿名的nounce 声称≈proclaim【例词】pronounce发音;denounce公开指责ortho 直达,正确≈straight,correct【例词】orthodox正统的;orthopaedy矫正术pater,patr 父≈father【例词】paternal父亲般的;patriarch(男性)族长;patricide弑父,杀父者pathy 同情≈feeling【例词】sympathy同情;antipathy反感;empathy移情ped 脚≈foot【例词】pedestrain行人;expedition远征(队);pedal足的,踏板pel,pulse 推,驱动≈push,drive【例词】expel驱逐;impulse冲动;dispel驱散pend,pens 用尽,垂直≈useup【分开use up,】, hang【例词】expense花费;expenditure开支;suspend悬浮,使悬而未决phon 声音≈sound【例词】headphone耳机;symphony交响乐;microphone麦克风plic 折叠≈fold【例词】duplicate二倍的,副本;complication综合症,并发症,复杂;implicit含蓄的port 扛,搬≈carry【例词】porter脚夫;export出口;passport护照pose 放置≈put,place【例词】propose建议;dispose处理;expose使暴露,揭发prim 起初≈initial,first【例词】primary初级的;primitive原始的;prime首要的,最初的psych 心理≈mind【例词】psychology心理学;psychoanalysis心理分析pulse,pel 推,驱≈push,drive【例词】expel驱逐;impulse冲动;dispel驱散punct 指≈point【例词】punctuate加标点;acupuncture针灸;punctual准时的,精确的rupt 打破≈break【例词】corruption腐败;interrupt打断;bankrupt破产scope 观察设备≈instrument for observing【例词】microscope显微镜;telescope望远镜scop 看≈see,look at【例词】microscopic微观的;macroscopic宏观的scribe,script 写≈write,writing, look at【例词】describe描述;prescription处方sens,sent 感觉,感性≈sense,feeling【例词】sentimental多愁善感的;sensitivity灵敏度;consent赞同sequ 跟从≈follow【例词】consequence后果;sequence次序;sequel结局,续集simil 像≈like【例词】similarity共性;simile明喻;similar类似的sol 单独≈alone【例词】sole唯一的;solitary单独的;soliloquy独白soph 智慧≈wise【例词】philosopher哲学家;sophisticated老练的;pansophic无所不知的spec(t) 看≈see,look at【例词】inspect视察;expect盼望;retrospect回顾;suspect怀疑;prospect展望;respect 尊敬spir 呼吸≈breathe【例词】respiration呼吸;perspire出汗;expire死亡断气struct 建设≈build【例词】constructive富有建设性的;superstructure上层建筑;destruction毁灭stup 静止的≈be motionless【例词】stupid愚蠢;stupefy使麻木,使呆若木鸡;stupor昏迷,麻木sum 用完,占用≈use up【分开】,take【例词】consumption消费;assume自以为;resume继续进行tain 掌握≈hold【例词】maintain维持;attain获得;abstain放弃,戒,禁the(o) 神≈god【例词】theology神学;theist有神论者;atheism无神论thermo 热≈heat【例词】thermometer温度计;thermonuclear热核的;thermos热水瓶tract 拖,拉≈draw【例词】tractor拽引机,拖拉机;attract吸引；【加】distract分散vent 来≈come【例词】advent来到,出现;convention会议;contravention违反,抵触verb 词≈word【例词】verbal词语的,动词的;hyperverbal说话太多的vert,vers 转变≈turn【例词】convert转移;version译本;subvert推翻,颠覆vid,vis 看≈see【例词】vision视力,视觉;invisible看不见的;visibility能见度viv 活着的≈life【例词】vivid生动的;revive复活;survive幸存,逃生voc,vok 召唤,声音≈call,voice【例词】evoke唤起,召唤;advocate倡议,倡导;vocalist歌唱家,声乐家volv 滚动≈roll【例词】revolver左轮手枪,转炉;revolution革命;evolve进化,演化亿新教育（下载更多英语学习资料）2．前缀(Prefixes)a,an-无,不,非,含有in,on,at,by,with,to等意义【例词】astable不稳定的;acentric无中心的;asleep在熟睡中;ahead向前ab- 脱离【例词】abnormal不正常的;abaxial离开轴心的anti- 反抗【例词】antiwar反战的;anti-imperialist反帝的【加-】auto- 自动,自己【例词】autobiography自传;autostable自动稳定be- 使…加强【例词】belittle使缩小;befriend友好相待bi- 二,双【例词】biweekly双周刊;biligual两种语言的co,col,com,con,cor- 共同【例词】cooperation协作;collaboration协作,勾结;combine联合;correlation相互关系counter,contra- 反,对应【例词】counteraction反作用;contrast对比,对照di,dif,dis- 否定,相反【例词】diffident不自信的;dislike不喜欢en,em- 使…【例词】enlarge扩大;enable使…能;empower使…有权力e,ex- 外,出【例词】external外部的;erupt喷出extra- 以外,超过【例词】extraordinary格外的;extrasolar太阳系以外的hyper- 在上,超【例词】hyperfrequency超高频;hypersonic超声的il,im,in,ir- 否定【例词】illogical不合逻辑的;impossible不可能的;invisible不可见的;irrational不合理的inter- 互相【例词】interchange交换;interlock连锁intra,intro- 在内,内部【例词】intrapersonal个人内心的;introspect内省mal- 恶,不良【例词】maltreat虐待;malfunction机能失常trans- 转换,变换,横过,越过【例词】transmit传送;transatlantic横渡大西洋的micro- 微【例词】microscrope显微镜;microware微波mid- 中,中间【例词】mid air半空中;midstream中流mini- 小【例词】minibus小公共汽车;ministate小国mis- 错,坏【例词】mistake错误;misspell拼错multi- 多【例词】multiparty多党的;multilingual多种语言的non- 否定【例词】nonsmoker不抽烟的人;nonexistent不存在的out- 超过,过度,外,出,除去【例词】outgo走得比…远outgrow长得太大;outdoor户外的;outroot除根over- 上,过度【例词】overwork工作过度;overbridge天桥pre- 前,领先【例词】prewar战前的;prefix前缀post- 后【例词】postwar战后;postnatal诞生后的re- 回,再【例词】return返回;restart重新开始semi- 半【例词】semicircle半圆;semiconductor半导体sub,suc,suf,sup- 次,亚,在下,低于【例词】substandard低于标准规格的；succeed继承;suffix后缀;supplement 增补tri- 三【例词】tricar三轮车;triangle三角(形)under-下,内(衣),不足【例词】underground地下的;underskirt衬裙;underpay付资不足uni- 单一【例词】uniform均匀的;unipolar单极的un- 否定【例词】unstable不稳定的;unknown未知的亿新教育（下载更多英语学习资料）3．后缀(Suffixes)-able ≈inclined to be,likely to be done有…倾向【例词】acceptable可接受的;readable可读(认)的;adaptable 可适应的-age ≈the action,result or state of表状态,结果,行为【例词】shortage缺乏,短缺;reportage报告文学;parentage 出身,门第-al ≈inclined to be,connected with,pertaining to有…倾向【例词】colonial殖民的;natural自然的;political政治的-al ≈the action of,the person of表状态,结果,行为【例词】refusal拒绝;proposal建议;approval认可;criminal 犯罪分子;rival竞争者;arrival到达者-ance,ence 表状态,行为,性质【例词】importance重要性;confidence自信-ancy,ency 表状态,行为,性质【例词】constancy一惯性;urgency紧迫性-ar,eer,er,ier,-ur ≈doer,device for【分开】表示人,物【例词】career事业,生涯【加】-ant,ent 表人,物,行为【例词】applicant申请人;correspondent通信者-arian表各种年龄,派别,主义,职业的人【例词】humanitarian人道主义的;utilitarian功利主义者-crat支持,参与者【例词】democrat民主人士;bureaucrat官僚-ation,tion,ion n.【删除n.】≈action of,process of【例词】condition条件【加】-dom表性质,状态,行为【例词】freedom自由;wisdom智慧-hood ≈condition,state条件,状态【例词】childhood儿童期;brotherhood手足之情;bachelorhood独身生活-ed ≈filled with,having the characteristics of.,done by充满,表…特征,被【例词】spirited(heated) argument热烈的讨论; 【加；】honeyed word甜言蜜语;distracted心情纷乱-ee ≈one who receives被动接受者【例词】testee考生,被测验者;trainee运动员,受训练的人;payee受款人-eer,-er,-ar,ier,-ur ≈doer,device for行为人,物【例词】fighter战士,战斗机radar雷达; 【加；】pioneer先锋队员-en 使变成【例词】harden使硬;shorten使短-en 有…质的,似…的【例词】golden金色的;woolen毛的-ence,ance表状态,行为,性质【例词】importance重要性;confidence自信-ency,ancy表状态,行为,性质【例词】constancy一惯性;urgency紧迫性-ent,ant表人,物,行为【例词】applicant申请人;correspondent通信者-ess,ine ≈female女性的【加】-er,-eer,--ar,-ur,ier ≈doer,device for行为人,物【例词】fighter战士,战斗机;radar雷达;pioneer先锋队员-er,or表人,物【例词】singer歌唱家;survivor幸存者；【加；】fighter战士,战斗机;radar雷达;pioneer先锋队员-ery 表性质,行为,活动地点,状态【例词】nursery托儿所;robbery掠夺;slavery奴隶身份-ese 某国(地)的,某国(地)的人及语言【例词】Chinese中国人(汉语);Portuguese葡萄牙人(语)-eous,ous,ious充满…的【例词】dangerous危险的;famous著名的;advantageous有优势的,有利的;mysterious 神秘的-ful ≈full of充满【例词】handful一把,一撮;mouthful一口;cupful一满杯-fy ≈make,reinforce使,加强【例词】intensify强化,加强purify;净化;clarify澄清-ic,ical ≈relating to,resembling相关,相似【例词】scenic风景的geometric几何的; 【加；】geographical地理的ical,–ic ≈relating to,resembling相关,相似【例词】scenic风景的;geometric几何的;geographical;【删;】地理的-ier,ar,er,eer,ur ≈doer,device for人,物【例词】fighter战士,战斗机;radar雷达;pioneer先锋队员ify 使成…,使…化【例词】magnify放大;purify提纯-ile ≈likely to be倾向于【例词】hostile敌意的;fragile易碎的;versatile多才多艺的-ility ≈qualityof表性质【例词】feasibility可行的;servility奴性,卑屈;mobility易动的-ine,-ess ≈female表女性【例词】actress女演员;heroine女英雄;mayoress女市长-ing ≈having the quality of表性质【例词】disturbing令人不安的;surprising令人吃惊的;encouraging振奋人心的-ion,ation,tion ≈action of,process of行为,过程【例词】indication指示;relaxation放松;perfection完美无缺-ious,-ous ≈ having the quality of表性质【例词】dangerous危险的【加】-ish ≈having the quality of表性质【例词】childish幼稚的;bookish书生气的;devilish魔鬼似的-ism ≈doctrine,belief教条,信仰【例词】capitalism资本主义;adventurism冒险主义;opportunism机会主义-ist ≈believer in,expert of信仰者,专家【例词】romanticist浪漫主义作家;economist经济学家;nationalist民族主义者-istic ≈full of充满【例词】realistic现实的;artistic艺术的;humanistic人道的ity 表行为,性质,状态【例词】unity团结一致;maturity成熟性ize,ise,yze,yse 以…方式对待,…化【例词】realize实现;analyze分析;modernize现代化-ive ≈inclined to,having the quality of倾向于,表性质【例词】instructive有教育意义的;offensive进攻性的;constructive建设性的-ize ≈make or cause to become引起变化【例词】realize实;organize组织;popularize普及,推广;finalize使...了结;economize节省,节约;industrialize工业化-less ≈without没有【例词】jobless失业的;tireless不倦的;countless数不清的;fearless无畏的;useless无用的-let ≈little小【例词】booklet小册子;leaflet传单;townlet小镇;houselet小房子-like ≈having the quality of表性质【例词】childlike孩子般的;warlike好战的;businesslike事务式的,有条理的-ment ≈result of,agency of,state of表结果,状态【例词】improvement改良,进步;government政府;disappointment失望-ness ≈condition or quality of being,性质,行为,活动地点【例词】eagerness渴望;carelessness粗心;emptiness 空洞,空虚-ology,-logy ≈study of学科【例词】sociology社会学;ecology生态学;methodology方法论-or,er表人,物【例词】singer歌唱家;survivor幸存者-ous,-ious having the quality of表性质【例词】famous著名的;advantageous有优势的,有利的;mysterious 神秘的-ship ≈state of表状态【例词】friendship友谊;partnership合作伙伴;fellowship交情,伙伴关系-some ≈full of充满【例词】burdensome累赘的,沉重的;troublesome麻烦的;laboursome费力的-ster 表示人【例词】youngster年轻人;gangster歹徒-tion,ation,ion ≈action of,process of行为,过程【例词】modernization 现代化【加】-ty ≈conditi on of being表示条件【例词】security保险;safety安全;loyalty忠诚-ur,er,ar,eer,ier ≈doer,device for表人,物【例词】behaviour 行为【加】-ure ≈act or fact of result of being表行为,结果【例词】culture培养;failure失败;closure圈地ward(s) 表方向【例词】upward(s)向上;outward(s)向外-y ≈full of充满【例词】clumsy笨拙的;tricky狡猾的;hairy毛茸茸的-yze,yse,ize,ise 以…方式对待,…化【例词】realize实现;analyze分析;modernize现代化。