氨制冷剂热力性质表
常见制冷剂的热力性质
常见制冷剂的热力性质目录R-134a 四氟乙烷制冷剂 (2)R-404A(Suva HP62) 制冷剂 (4)R-407C 制冷剂 (5)R-410A 制冷剂 (7)R-417A（ISCEON MO59）环保制冷剂 (9)F-11 一氟三氯甲烷制冷剂/发泡剂 (13)R-12 二氟二氯甲烷制冷剂 (14)R-13 三氟一氯甲烷制冷剂 (15)R-13 三氟一氯甲烷制冷剂 (16)R-23 三氟甲烷制冷剂 (17)R-22 二氟一氯甲烷制冷剂 (19)R-123 三氟二氯乙烷制冷剂 (20)R-124一氯四氟乙烷制冷剂 (22)HCFC-142b 二氟一氯乙烷制冷剂 (23)R-502 制冷剂 (24)R-503 制冷剂 (25)R-507 制冷剂 (26)R-508A 制冷剂 (27)杜邦DuPontTM 制冷剂—ISCEON? MO89 制冷剂 (29)R-134a 四氟乙烷制冷剂HFC-134a 化学名：1,1,1,2-- 四氟乙烷，分子组成：CH2FCF3，CAS 注册号：811-97-2，分子量：102.0，HFC 型制冷剂，ODP 值为零。
HFC-134a 可用在目前使用CFC-12( 二氯二氟甲烷) 的许多领域，包括：制冷，聚合物发泡和气雾剂产品。
但是，为使HFC-134a 在这些领域达到最佳性能，有时需要设备设计改变。
由于HFC-134a 的低毒和不易燃性，它被研制用于药物吸入剂的载体。
HFC-134a 也可用于那些对毒性和可燃性要求严格的气雾剂中。
HFC-134a 的热力和物理性质，以及其低毒性，使之成为一种非常有效和安全的替代品，用以替代制冷工业中使用的CFC-12 。
HFC-134a 主要用在汽车空调、家用电器、小型固定制冷设备、超级市场的中温制冷、工商业的制冷机。
压缩机生产商通常建议使用POE （Polyol Ester）多元醇酯和PAG （Polyalkylene Glycol）聚二醇（汽车空调）冷冻机油。
常见制冷剂热力性质表
附录：附表1：R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表2：R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表3：R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表4：R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表5：R152a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表6：R600a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表7：R407c饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表8：R123饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表9：R410a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表附表1：R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00118851679.10.099959113.32306.090.60771 1.721 -990.00130441676.50.10908114.14306.540.61242 1.7172 -980.00142981673.90.1189114.96306.980.61711 1.7135 -970.00156531671.30.12945115.78307.430.62178 1.7098 -960.00171171668.60.14077116.6307.880.62642 1.7062 -950.001869616660.15291117.42308.320.63105 1.7026 -940.00203971663.40.16592118.24308.770.63564 1.6992 -930.00222281660.70.17983119.06309.230.64022 1.6958 -920.00241971658.10.19471119.88309.680.64477 1.6925 -910.00263111655.50.21059120.71310.130.6493 1.6892 -900.0028581652.80.22754121.53310.590.65381 1.6861 -890.00310131650.20.24561122.36311.040.6583 1.6829 -880.00336171647.50.26485123.18311.50.66277 1.6799 -870.00364041644.90.28532124.01311.960.66722 1.6769 -860.00393831642.20.30708124.83312.410.67164 1.6739 -850.00425651639.60.33019125.66312.870.67605 1.6711 -840.00459591636.90.35471126.49313.340.68044 1.6683 -830.00495781634.30.38072127.32313.80.68481 1.6655 -820.00534321631.60.40827128.15314.260.68916 1.6628 -810.005753416290.43743128.98314.720.69349 1.6602 -800.00618961626.30.46827129.81315.190.6978 1.6576 -790.00665291623.60.50087130.64315.650.7021 1.655 -780.007144916210.53531131.47316.120.70637 1.6525 -770.00766671618.30.57164132.31316.580.71063 1.6501 -760.00821981615.60.60996133.14317.050.71487 1.6477 -750.00880561612.90.65034133.98317.520.7191 1.6454 -740.00942561610.30.69286134.81317.990.7233 1.6431 -730.010*******.60.73761135.65318.460.72749 1.6409 -720.010*******.90.78466136.49318.930.73167 1.6387 -710.0115061602.20.83411137.33319.40.73583 1.6365 -700.0122781599.50.88605138.17319.870.73997 1.6344 -690.0130921596.80.94056139.01320.340.74409 1.6323 -680.013951594.10.99774139.85320.820.7482 1.6303 -670.0148541591.4 1.0577140.69321.290.7523 1.6283 -660.0158051588.7 1.1205141.54321.760.75638 1.6264温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -650.0168061586 1.1862142.38322.240.76044 1.6245 -640.0178581583.3 1.255143.23322.710.76449 1.6227 -630.0189621580.5 1.3269144.07323.190.76853 1.6208 -620.020*******.8 1.4021144.92323.660.77255 1.6191 -610.021*******.1 1.4807145.77324.140.77656 1.6173 -600.022*******.3 1.5627146.62324.610.78055 1.6156 -590.023*******.6 1.6483147.47325.090.78453 1.614 -580.025*******.9 1.7375148.32325.570.78849 1.6123 -570.0268191564.1 1.8306149.17326.050.79245 1.6107 -560.028*******.4 1.9276150.03326.520.79639 1.6092 -550.029*******.6 2.0285150.883270.80031 1.6076 -540.0316331555.8 2.1336151.74327.480.80422 1.6061 -530.0333841553.1 2.243152.6327.960.80812 1.6047 -520.0352131550.3 2.3567153.46328.440.81201 1.6032 -510.037121547.5 2.4749154.32328.910.81588 1.6018 -500.039111544.7 2.5978155.18329.390.81974 1.6004 -490.0411841541.9 2.7254156.04329.870.82359 1.5991 -480.0433451539.1 2.8578156.9330.350.82743 1.5978 -470.0455961536.3 2.9952157.77330.830.83126 1.5965 -460.0479391533.5 3.1378158.63331.310.83507 1.5952 -450.0503771530.7 3.2856159.5331.790.83887 1.594 -440.0529131527.9 3.4388160.37332.260.84266 1.5928 -430.0555491525.1 3.5975161.24332.740.84644 1.5916 -420.0582881522.2 3.7619162.11333.220.85021 1.5905 -410.0611331519.4 3.9321162.98333.70.85397 1.5893 -400.0640871516.5 4.1082163.86334.180.85772 1.5882 -390.0671531513.7 4.2904164.73334.650.86145 1.5872 -380.0703331510.8 4.4788165.61335.130.86518 1.5861 -370.0736311508 4.6736166.49335.610.86889 1.5851 -360.0770491505.1 4.8748167.36336.090.87259 1.5841 -350.0805911502.2 5.0828168.24336.560.87629 1.5831 -340.0842591499.3 5.2976169.13337.040.87997 1.5821 -330.0880571496.4 5.5193170.01337.520.88364 1.5812 -320.0919881493.5 5.7482170.89337.990.88731 1.5802 -310.0960551490.6 5.9843171.78338.470.89096 1.5793 -300.100261487.7 6.2279172.67338.940.89461 1.5784温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -290.104611484.8 6.4791173.55339.410.89824 1.5776 -280.10911481.9 6.7381174.44339.890.90187 1.5767 -270.113751478.97.0049175.34340.360.90548 1.5759 -260.1185414767.2799176.23340.830.90909 1.5751 -250.1234914737.5631177.12341.30.91269 1.5743 -240.12861470.17.8548178.02341.780.91627 1.5735 -230.133881467.18.1551178.92342.250.91985 1.5728 -220.139311464.18.4641179.81342.720.92343 1.572 -210.144921461.18.7821180.71343.190.92699 1.5713 -200.15071458.19.1093181.62343.650.93054 1.5706 -190.156661455.19.4457182.52344.120.93409 1.5699 -180.162791452.19.7917183.42344.590.93763 1.5693 -170.169111449.110.147184.33345.050.94115 1.5686 -160.175621446.110.513185.24345.520.94468 1.568 -150.182********.889186.15345.980.94819 1.5673 -140.1892144011.274187.06346.440.95169 1.5667 -130.196291436.911.671187.97346.910.95519 1.5661 -120.203581433.812.078188.89347.370.95868 1.5655 -110.211081430.712.496189.81347.830.96216 1.565 -100.218781427.612.925190.72348.290.96564 1.5644 -90.22671424.513.365191.64348.740.96911 1.5638 -80.234831421.413.817192.56349.20.97257 1.5633 -70.243181418.314.281193.49349.660.97602 1.5628 -60.251761415.114.756194.41350.110.97947 1.5623 -50.26057141215.244195.34350.560.9829 1.5618 -40.26961408.815.744196.27351.010.98634 1.5613 -30.278881405.716.257197.2351.460.98976 1.5608 -20.288391402.516.782198.13351.910.99318 1.5603 -10.298141399.317.321199.06352.360.99659 1.5599 00.308151396.117.873200352.811 1.5594 10.31841392.818.438200.94353.25 1.0034 1.559 20.328911389.619.018201.88353.69 1.0068 1.5586 30.339681386.419.611202.82354.13 1.0102 1.5581 40.350711383.120.219203.76354.57 1.0136 1.5577 50.362011379.820.842204.71355.01 1.0169 1.5573 60.373581376.521.479205.65355.45 1.0203 1.5569温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K 70.385431373.222.132206.6355.88 1.0237 1.5565 80.397561369.922.8207.56356.32 1.027 1.5561 90.409971366.623.484208.51356.75 1.0304 1.5558 100.422671363.224.184209.46357.18 1.0337 1.5554 110.435661359.924.9210.42357.61 1.0371 1.555 120.448951356.525.633211.38358.03 1.0404 1.5547 130.462531353.126.383212.34358.45 1.0437 1.5544 140.476431349.727.15213.31358.88 1.0471 1.554 150.490631346.327.935214.27359.3 1.0504 1.5537 160.505141342.828.737215.24359.71 1.0537 1.5533 170.519971339.429.558216.21360.13 1.057 1.553 180.535131335.930.398217.18360.54 1.0603 1.5527 190.550611332.431.257218.16360.95 1.0636 1.5524 200.566421328.932.135219.14361.36 1.0669 1.5521 210.582561325.333.032220.12361.77 1.0702 1.5518 220.599051321.833.95221.1362.17 1.0735 1.5515 230.615871318.234.888222.08362.57 1.0768 1.5512 240.633051314.635.848223.07362.97 1.0801 1.5509 250.65057131136.828224.06363.37 1.0834 1.5506 260.668461307.437.83225.05363.76 1.0866 1.5503 270.68671303.838.855226.05364.15 1.0899 1.55 280.705311300.139.902227.04364.54 1.0932 1.5498 290.72431296.440.972228.04364.93 1.0964 1.5495 300.743651292.742.066229.04365.31 1.0997 1.5492 310.76339128943.184230.05365.69 1.103 1.5489 320.78351285.244.326231.06366.07 1.1062 1.5487 330.804011281.445.494232.07366.44 1.1095 1.5484 340.824911277.646.687233.08366.81 1.1127 1.5481 350.846211273.847.906234.1367.18 1.116 1.5478 360.867911269.949.152235.12367.54 1.1192 1.5476 370.890021266.150.426236.14367.9 1.1225 1.5473 380.912531262.251.727237.16368.26 1.1257 1.547 390.935471258.253.057238.19368.61 1.1289 1.5468 400.958821254.354.416239.22368.96 1.1322 1.5465 410.98261250.355.805240.25369.31 1.1354 1.5462 42 1.00681246.357.224241.29369.65 1.1387 1.5459温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K43 1.03151242.258.675242.33369.99 1.1419 1.545744 1.05661238.160.158243.38370.33 1.1451 1.545445 1.0821123461.673244.42370.66 1.1484 1.545146 1.10811229.963.222245.47370.98 1.1516 1.544847 1.13451225.764.806246.53371.3 1.1548 1.544648 1.16141221.566.424247.59371.62 1.158 1.544349 1.18881217.368.079248.65371.94 1.1613 1.54450 1.2166121369.771249.71372.24 1.1645 1.543751 1.24491208.771.501250.78372.55 1.1677 1.543452 1.27371204.473.27251.85372.85 1.171 1.543153 1.303120075.08252.93373.14 1.1742 1.542854 1.33271195.676.93254.01373.43 1.1774 1.542555 1.3631191.178.823255.1373.72 1.1807 1.542156 1.39381186.680.759256.18373.99 1.1839 1.541857 1.4251182.182.741257.28374.27 1.1871 1.541558 1.45681177.584.768258.38374.53 1.1904 1.541159 1.48911172.886.843259.48374.79 1.1936 1.540860 1.52191168.188.966260.58375.05 1.1969 1.540461 1.55531163.491.141261.7375.3 1.2001 1.540162 1.58921158.693.367262.81375.54 1.2033 1.539763 1.62361153.895.647263.93375.78 1.2066 1.539364 1.65861148.997.982265.06376 1.2099 1.538965 1.69411144100.37266.19376.23 1.2131 1.538566 1.73021139102.83267.33376.44 1.2164 1.538167 1.76681133.9105.34268.47376.65 1.2197 1.537768 1.80411128.8107.92269.62376.84 1.2229 1.537269 1.84191123.6110.56270.78377.04 1.2262 1.536870 1.88021118.3113.27271.94377.22 1.2295 1.536371 1.91921113116.05273.11377.39 1.2328 1.535872 1.95871107.6118.91274.28377.55 1.2361 1.535373 1.99891102.1121.84275.46377.71 1.2394 1.534874 2.03971096.6124.86276.65377.85 1.2427 1.534375 2.08111090.9127.95277.84377.99 1.2461 1.533776 2.12311085.2131.14279.05378.11 1.2494 1.533177 2.16571079.4134.41280.26378.22 1.2527 1.532578 2.2091073.5137.78281.48378.32 1.2561 1.5319温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K79 2.25291067.5141.25282.7378.41 1.2595 1.531380 2.29751061.4144.82283.94378.48 1.2629 1.530681 2.34271055.2148.51285.19378.55 1.2663 1.529982 2.38861048.8152.3286.44378.59 1.2697 1.529283 2.43521042.4156.23287.71378.63 1.2731 1.528484 2.48241035.8160.28288.99378.64 1.2766 1.527685 2.53041029.1164.46290.27378.64 1.2801 1.526886 2.5791022.2168.8291.58378.62 1.2835 1.525987 2.62841015.2173.28292.89378.59 1.2871 1.52588 2.67841008177.93294.21378.53 1.2906 1.524189 2.72931000.7182.75295.55378.45 1.2942 1.523190 2.7808993.15187.77296.91378.35 1.2978 1.52291 2.8331985.42192.98298.28378.23 1.3014 1.520992 2.8862977.48198.41299.67378.08 1.305 1.519893 2.94969.31204.08301.08377.9 1.3087 1.518694 2.9947960.89210302.5377.69 1.3125 1.517395 3.0501952.2216.21303.95377.45 1.3163 1.515996 3.1064943.23222.72305.42377.17 1.3201 1.514497 3.1634933.93229.57306.92376.85 1.324 1.512998 3.2214924.29236.8308.44376.48 1.3279 1.511299 3.2802914.25244.45309.99376.07 1.3319 1.5095 100 3.3399903.78252.58311.58375.6 1.336 1.5076附表2：R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.033241590.7 2.4603100.77258.710.55984 1.472 -990.035551587.1 2.6186101.64259.130.5648 1.4691 -980.0379861583.4 2.7848102.5259.540.56973 1.4664 -970.0405541579.7 2.9591103.36259.960.57465 1.4636 -960.0432591576.1 3.1419104.23260.370.57954 1.4609 -950.0461051572.4 3.3334105.1260.790.58441 1.4583 -940.0490991568.7 3.5339105.97261.20.58926 1.4558 -930.0522451565 3.7437106.84261.610.59409 1.4532 -920.0555491561.2 3.9631107.71262.020.5989 1.4508 -910.0590161557.5 4.1923108.58262.430.60369 1.4484 -900.0626521553.8 4.4318109.45262.850.60846 1.446 -890.0664631550 4.6817110.33263.260.61322 1.4437 -880.0704541546.3 4.9424111.21263.670.61796 1.4414 -870.0746311542.5 5.2142112.08264.080.62268 1.4392 -860.0789991538.7 5.4975112.97264.480.62738 1.437 -850.0835661534.9 5.7925113.85264.890.63206 1.4348 -840.0883371531.1 6.0996114.73265.30.63673 1.4328 -830.0933181527.3 6.4191115.62265.70.64138 1.4307 -820.0985151523.4 6.7514116.5266.110.64602 1.4287 -810.103941519.67.0968117.39266.510.65064 1.4267 -800.109581515.77.4557118.28266.920.65525 1.4248 -790.115471511.97.8283119.18267.320.65984 1.4229 -780.121615088.2151120.07267.720.66441 1.421 -770.127971504.18.6165120.97268.120.66897 1.4192 -760.13461500.19.0327121.87268.520.67352 1.4174 -750.141491496.29.4643122.77268.920.67805 1.4156 -740.148651492.39.9115123.67269.320.68257 1.4139 -730.156091488.310.375124.57269.710.68708 1.4122 -720.163811484.310.854125.48270.110.69157 1.4106 -710.171821480.311.351126.39270.50.69605 1.409 -700.180121476.311.865127.3270.90.70052 1.4074 -690.188731472.312.396128.22271.290.70498 1.4058 -680.197641468.312.946129.13271.680.70942 1.4043 -670.206881464.213.514130.05272.060.71386 1.4027 -660.216441460.114.101130.97272.450.71828 1.4013 -650.226331456.114.708131.89272.840.72269 1.3998 -640.23656145215.334132.82273.220.72709 1.3984 -630.247141447.815.981133.74273.60.73148 1.397 -620.258071443.716.648134.68273.980.73586 1.3956 -610.269371439.517.337135.61274.360.74023 1.3943 -600.281031435.318.047136.54274.740.74459 1.3929 -590.293071431.118.78137.48275.110.74894 1.3916 -580.305491426.919.536138.42275.490.75328 1.3903温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -570.318311422.720.315139.37275.860.75762 1.3891 -560.331521418.421.117140.31276.230.76194 1.3878 -550.345151414.121.945141.26276.590.76626 1.3866 -540.359181409.822.797142.21276.960.77056 1.3854 -530.373641405.523.674143.17277.320.77486 1.3842 -520.388531401.124.578144.12277.680.77916 1.3831 -510.403861396.725.509145.09278.040.78344 1.3819 -500.419641392.326.466146.05278.40.78772 1.3808 -490.435871387.927.452147.02278.750.79199 1.3797 -480.452561383.428.467147.99279.10.79626 1.3786 -470.46972137929.51148.96279.450.80052 1.3775 -460.487361374.430.584149.94279.80.80477 1.3765 -450.505491369.931.689150.92280.140.80902 1.3754 -440.524111365.332.825151.9280.480.81326 1.3744 -430.543241360.833.993152.89280.820.8175 1.3733 -420.562871356.135.194153.88281.150.82173 1.3723 -410.583031351.536.429154.87281.480.82596 1.3713 -400.603711346.837.698155.87281.810.83018 1.3703 -390.624931342.139.003156.87282.140.8344 1.3694 -380.646691337.340.345157.88282.460.83862 1.3684 -370.669011332.541.723158.89282.780.84283 1.3674 -360.691891327.743.14159.9283.090.84704 1.3665 -350.715341322.944.596160.92283.40.85124 1.3656 -340.73936131846.093161.94283.710.85545 1.3646 -330.76398131347.631162.97284.010.85965 1.3637 -320.789191308.149.211164284.310.86385 1.3628 -310.81501130350.835165.03284.60.86805 1.3618 -300.84144129852.504166.07284.890.87225 1.3609 -290.868491292.954.218167.11285.180.87645 1.36 -280.896171287.855.98168.16285.460.88064 1.3591 -270.92451282.657.791169.21285.740.88484 1.3582 -260.953471277.359.652170.27286.010.88904 1.3573 -250.98311272.161.565171.33286.270.89323 1.3564 -24 1.01341266.763.53172.4286.530.89743 1.3555 -23 1.04441261.465.551173.48286.790.90163 1.3546 -22 1.07611255.967.628174.55287.040.90584 1.3537 -21 1.10841250.469.763175.64287.280.91004 1.3528 -20 1.14151244.971.959176.73287.520.91425 1.3519 -19 1.17531239.374.217177.82287.750.91846 1.351 -18 1.20981233.676.539178.93287.980.92268 1.3501 -17 1.2451227.978.928180.03288.190.9269 1.3492 -16 1.2811222.181.385181.15288.40.93112 1.3482 -15 1.31781216.283.914182.27288.610.93536 1.3473 -14 1.35531210.386.517183.39288.80.93959 1.3463温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -13 1.39361204.389.196184.53288.990.94384 1.3454 -12 1.43261198.291.955185.67289.170.94809 1.3444 -11 1.4725119294.797186.82289.340.95235 1.3434 -10 1.51321185.897.725187.97289.50.95662 1.3424 -9 1.55471179.5100.74189.13289.650.9609 1.3414 -8 1.5971173.1103.85190.31289.790.96518 1.3404 -7 1.64021166.6107.06191.49289.930.96949 1.3394 -6 1.68421159.9110.37192.67290.050.9738 1.3383 -5 1.72911153.2113.79193.87290.160.97812 1.3372 -4 1.77491146.4117.32195.08290.250.98247 1.3361 -3 1.82161139.5120.96196.29290.340.98682 1.335 -2 1.86911132.4124.73197.52290.410.9912 1.3338 -1 1.91761125.3128.63198.75290.470.99559 1.33260 1.9671118132.66200290.511 1.33141 2.01741110.5136.84201.26290.54 1.0044 1.33012 2.06871102.9141.17202.53290.55 1.0089 1.32883 2.1211095.2145.66203.81290.55 1.0134 1.32754 2.17421087.3150.32205.11290.52 1.0179 1.32615 2.22851079.2155.16206.42290.48 1.0224 1.32466 2.28381070.9160.2207.74290.42 1.027 1.32327 2.34011062.5165.44209.08290.33 1.0316 1.32168 2.39741053.8170.92210.44290.22 1.0362 1.329 2.45591044.9176.63211.82290.09 1.0409 1.318310 2.51541035.7182.6213.21289.92 1.0457 1.316611 2.5761026.2188.85214.63289.73 1.0504 1.314712 2.63771016.5195.42216.07289.5 1.0553 1.312813 2.70061006.4202.33217.53289.24 1.0602 1.310814 2.7646995.94209.61219.02288.94 1.0652 1.308715 2.8299985.08217.3220.54288.59 1.0702 1.306416 2.8963973.76225.47222.09288.2 1.0754 1.30417 2.9641961.92234.16223.69287.75 1.0806 1.301418 3.033949.49243.46225.32287.24 1.086 1.298719 3.1033936.36253.46227286.66 1.0915 1.295720 3.175922.43264.28228.75285.99 1.0972 1.292521 3.248907.52276.08230.56285.22 1.1031 1.288922 3.3225891.41289.09232.45284.33 1.1092 1.28523 3.3984873.79303.61234.45283.29 1.1157 1.280624 3.476854.2320.13236.59282.06 1.1226 1.275625 3.5552831.86339.42238.92280.55 1.1301 1.269826 3.6361805.41362.87241.54278.64 1.1386 1.2626附表3：R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00201021571.30.1209890.705358.970.50502 2.0543 -990.00220531568.70.1319891.767359.450.51113 2.0482 -980.002416315660.143892.828359.940.5172 2.0422 -970.00264431563.40.156593.889360.430.52324 2.0364 -960.00289031560.80.1701394.95360.910.52925 2.0306 -950.00315561558.10.1847396.011361.40.53522 2.0249 -940.00344121555.50.2003797.073361.890.54116 2.0194 -930.00374841552.80.2170998.134362.380.54707 2.0139 -920.00407861550.20.2349699.195362.870.55294 2.0085 -910.0044331547.50.25403100.26363.360.55878 2.0032 -900.0048131544.90.27437101.32363.850.56459 1.998 -890.00522021542.20.29603102.38364.340.57037 1.9929 -880.0056561539.60.3191103.44364.830.57612 1.9879 -870.00612191536.90.34362104.5365.330.58183 1.983 -860.00661971534.30.36968105.56365.820.58752 1.9781 -850.00715091531.60.39734106.63366.310.59318 1.9734 -840.00771741528.90.42669107.69366.80.5988 1.9687 -830.00832091526.20.45778108.75367.30.6044 1.9641 -820.00896321523.60.49071109.81367.790.60997 1.9596 -810.00964651520.90.52555110.87368.280.61551 1.9551 -800.010*******.20.56238111.94368.770.62102 1.9508 -790.0111431515.50.60129113369.270.62651 1.9465 -780.0119611512.80.64237114.06369.760.63197 1.9422 -770.0128281510.10.6857115.13370.250.6374 1.9381 -760.0137461507.40.73138116.19370.750.64281 1.934 -750.0147191504.70.77949117.25371.240.64819 1.93 -740.01574715020.83013118.32371.730.65354 1.926 -730.0168331499.30.8834119.38372.220.65887 1.9221 -720.0179811496.60.93939120.45372.720.66417 1.9183 -710.0191921493.90.99822121.51373.210.66945 1.9145 -700.020*******.2 1.06122.58373.70.67471 1.9108 -690.021*******.4 1.1248123.64374.190.67994 1.9072 -680.023*******.7 1.1927124.71374.680.68515 1.9036 -670.024******* 1.2639125.78375.170.69033 1.9001 -660.0262941480.2 1.3384126.85375.660.69549 1.8966 -650.027*******.5 1.4165127.91376.150.70063 1.8932 -640.029*******.7 1.4981128.98376.640.70575 1.8899 -630.0314971472 1.5834130.05377.130.71084 1.8866 -620.0334051469.2 1.6726131.12377.620.71592 1.8833 -610.0354071466.4 1.7657132.19378.110.72097 1.8801 -600.0375051463.7 1.8629133.27378.590.726 1.877 -590.0397021460.9 1.9643134.34379.080.73101 1.8739 -580.0420021458.1 2.07135.41379.560.73601 1.8708温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -570.0444081455.3 2.1802136.48380.050.74098 1.8678 -560.0469241452.5 2.295137.56380.530.74593 1.8649 -550.0495531449.7 2.4145138.63381.020.75086 1.8619 -540.0522991446.9 2.5389139.71381.50.75578 1.8591 -530.0551671444.1 2.6683140.79381.980.76067 1.8562 -520.0581581441.3 2.8028141.87382.460.76555 1.8535 -510.0612781438.4 2.9426142.95382.940.77041 1.8507 -500.064531435.6 3.0879144.03383.420.77525 1.848 -490.0679191432.8 3.2387145.11383.890.78007 1.8454 -480.0714481429.9 3.3953146.19384.370.78488 1.8428 -470.0751211427 3.5578147.27384.840.78967 1.8402 -460.0789431424.2 3.7262148.36385.320.79444 1.8376 -450.0829171421.3 3.9009149.44385.790.79919 1.8351 -440.0870491418.4 4.082150.53386.260.80393 1.8327 -430.0913411415.5 4.2696151.62386.730.80866 1.8302 -420.09581412.6 4.4638152.7387.20.81336 1.8278 -410.100431409.7 4.6649153.8387.660.81806 1.8255 -400.105231406.8 4.873154.89388.130.82274 1.8231 -390.110211403.9 5.0883155.98388.590.8274 1.8208 -380.115381401 5.3109157.07389.060.83205 1.8186 -370.120731398 5.5411158.17389.520.83668 1.8163 -360.126281395.1 5.779159.27389.970.8413 1.8141 -350.132031392.1 6.0247160.37390.430.84591 1.812 -340.137971389.1 6.2786161.47390.890.8505 1.8098 -330.144131386.2 6.5407162.57391.340.85508 1.8077 -320.15051383.2 6.8113163.67391.790.85964 1.8056 -310.157081380.27.0905164.78392.240.86419 1.8036 -300.163891377.27.3785165.88392.690.86873 1.8015 -290.170921374.27.6756166.99393.140.87326 1.7995 -280.178191371.17.9819168.1393.580.87777 1.7975 -270.185691368.18.2976169.21394.030.88228 1.7956 -260.1934413658.623170.33394.470.88677 1.7937 -250.2014313628.9582171.44394.90.89125 1.7918 -240.209681358.99.3035172.56395.340.89571 1.7899 -230.218191355.89.6591173.68395.770.90017 1.788 -220.226961352.710.025174.8396.210.90462 1.7862 -210.2361349.610.402175.92396.640.90905 1.7844 -200.245311346.510.79177.04397.060.91347 1.7826 -190.254911343.411.189178.17397.490.91789 1.7808 -180.264791340.311.599179.3397.910.92229 1.7791 -170.274961337.112.021180.43398.330.92668 1.7774 -160.28543133412.455181.56398.750.93107 1.7757 -150.29621330.812.901182.7399.160.93544 1.774 -140.307281327.613.359183.83399.570.9398 1.7723温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -130.318671324.413.83184.97399.980.94416 1.7706 -120.330381321.214.314186.11400.390.9485 1.769 -110.34242131814.811187.26400.80.95284 1.7674 -100.354791314.715.322188.4401.20.95717 1.7658 -90.367491311.515.846189.55401.60.96149 1.7642 -80.380541308.216.384190.7401.990.9658 1.7627 -70.393941304.916.937191.86402.380.9701 1.7611 -60.407691301.617.504193.01402.770.97439 1.7596 -50.42181298.318.086194.17403.160.97868 1.7581 -40.43628129518.683195.33403.550.98296 1.7566 -30.451131291.619.296196.49403.930.98723 1.7551 -20.466361288.319.924197.66404.30.99149 1.7536 -10.481981284.920.569198.83404.680.99575 1.752100.497991281.521.229200405.051 1.750710.514391278.121.907201.17405.42 1.0042 1.749220.53121274.722.602202.35405.78 1.0085 1.747830.548421271.323.314203.53406.14 1.0127 1.746440.566051267.824.044204.71406.5 1.0169 1.74550.584111264.324.792205.9406.85 1.0212 1.743660.602591260.825.559207.09407.2 1.0254 1.742270.621511257.326.345208.28407.54 1.0296 1.740980.640881253.827.15209.47407.89 1.0338 1.739590.660681250.327.975210.67408.22 1.038 1.7381100.680951246.728.82211.87408.56 1.0422 1.7368 110.701671243.129.685213.07408.89 1.0463 1.7355 120.722861239.530.572214.28409.21 1.0505 1.7341 130.744531235.931.48215.49409.53 1.0547 1.7328 140.766681232.232.41216.7409.85 1.0589 1.7315 150.789311228.633.362217.92410.16 1.063 1.7302 160.812441224.934.337219.14410.47 1.0672 1.7289 170.836071221.235.336220.36410.78 1.0714 1.7276 180.86021217.436.358221.59411.07 1.0755 1.7263 190.884851213.737.405222.82411.37 1.0797 1.725 200.910021209.938.477224.06411.66 1.0838 1.7238 210.935721206.139.575225.3411.94 1.088 1.7225 220.961951202.340.698226.54412.22 1.0921 1.7212 230.988721198.441.849227.78412.5 1.0962 1.719924 1.0161194.643.027229.04412.77 1.1004 1.718725 1.04391190.744.232230.29413.03 1.1045 1.717426 1.07241186.745.467231.55413.29 1.1086 1.716227 1.10141182.846.73232.81413.54 1.1128 1.714928 1.13091178.848.024234.08413.79 1.1169 1.713629 1.16111174.849.349235.35414.03 1.121 1.712430 1.19191170.750.705236.62414.26 1.1252 1.7111温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K31 1.22321166.752.093237.9414.49 1.1293 1.709932 1.25521162.653.515239.19414.71 1.1334 1.708633 1.28781158.454.971240.48414.93 1.1375 1.707434 1.3211154.356.461241.77415.14 1.1417 1.706135 1.35481150.157.988243.07415.34 1.1458 1.704836 1.38921145.859.551244.38415.54 1.1499 1.703637 1.42431141.661.152245.69415.72 1.1541 1.702338 1.46011137.362.792247415.91 1.1582 1.70139 1.49651132.964.472248.32416.08 1.1623 1.699840 1.53361128.566.193249.65416.25 1.1665 1.698541 1.57131124.167.956250.98416.4 1.1706 1.697242 1.60981119.669.762252.32416.55 1.1747 1.695943 1.64891115.171.614253.66416.7 1.1789 1.694644 1.68871110.673.511255.01416.83 1.183 1.693345 1.7292110675.457256.36416.95 1.1872 1.691946 1.77041101.477.451257.73417.07 1.1913 1.690647 1.81241096.779.496259.1417.18 1.1955 1.689348 1.85511091.981.593260.47417.27 1.1997 1.687949 1.89851087.183.745261.85417.36 1.2038 1.686650 1.94271082.385.952263.25417.44 1.208 1.685251 1.98761077.488.217264.64417.5 1.2122 1.683852 2.03331072.490.542266.05417.56 1.2164 1.682453 2.07981067.492.929267.46417.6 1.2206 1.68154 2.1271062.395.381268.89417.63 1.2248 1.679555 2.17511057.297.899270.32417.65 1.2291 1.678156 2.22391052100.49271.76417.66 1.2333 1.676657 2.27361046.7103.15273.21417.65 1.2376 1.675158 2.3241041.3105.88274.66417.63 1.2418 1.673659 2.37531035.9108.7276.13417.6 1.2461 1.67260 2.42751030.4111.59277.61417.55 1.2504 1.670561 2.48051024.8114.57279.1417.49 1.2547 1.668962 2.53431019.1117.64280.6417.41 1.2591 1.667263 2.58911013.3120.81282.12417.31 1.2634 1.665664 2.64471007.4124.07283.64417.2 1.2678 1.663965 2.70121001.4127.43285.18417.06 1.2722 1.662266 2.7586995.34130.9286.74416.91 1.2766 1.660467 2.8169989.13134.49288.3416.74 1.281 1.658668 2.8761982.8138.19289.88416.55 1.2855 1.656869 2.9363976.34142.02291.48416.33 1.29 1.654970 2.9974969.74145.99293.1416.09 1.2945 1.652971 3.0595962.99150.1294.73415.83 1.2991 1.65172 3.1225956.1154.36296.38415.54 1.3037 1.648973 3.1866949.03158.78298.05415.22 1.3083 1.646874 3.2516941.79163.38299.74414.87 1.313 1.6446温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K75 3.3177934.36168.16301.46414.49 1.3177 1.642476 3.3848926.72173.14303.2414.08 1.3225 1.640177 3.4529918.86178.33304.96413.62 1.3273 1.637778 3.5222910.76183.76306.76413.13 1.3322 1.635279 3.5924902.39189.44308.58412.6 1.3372 1.632680 3.6638893.74195.4310.44412.01 1.3423 1.629981 3.7363884.76201.67312.34411.38 1.3474 1.62782 3.8099875.43208.28314.27410.68 1.3526 1.624183 3.8847865.7215.26316.25409.93 1.3579 1.62184 3.9606855.52222.67318.29409.1 1.3634 1.617785 4.0378844.83230.56320.38408.19 1.369 1.614286 4.1161833.55239322.54407.18 1.3747 1.610487 4.1957821.59248.09324.77406.07 1.3807 1.606488 4.2766808.81257.94327.09404.83 1.3869 1.602189 4.3588795.06268.72329.52403.45 1.3933 1.597490 4.4423780.11280.63332.09401.87 1.4001 1.592291 4.5272763.63294334.82400.05 1.4073 1.586492 4.6136745.11309.33337.77397.92 1.4151 1.579893 4.7015723.72327.48341.04395.33 1.4237 1.57294 4.7911697.78350.19344.8392.02 1.4336 1.5622附表4：R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00055941582.40.03969475.362336.850.4354 1.9456 -990.000622221579.70.04390176.547337.440.44222 1.9403 -980.000691091577.10.04848777.731338.020.449 1.9351 -970.00076651574.50.05347778.916338.610.45575 1.93 -960.000848951571.80.05890280.102339.190.46246 1.925 -950.000938991569.10.0647981.288339.780.46913 1.9201 -940.00103721566.50.07117482.474340.380.47578 1.9154 -930.00114411563.80.07808783.661340.970.48238 1.9107 -920.00126051561.20.08556384.849341.560.48896 1.9061 -910.00138691558.50.0936486.037342.160.4955 1.9016 -900.00152411555.80.1023687.226342.760.50201 1.8972 -890.00167281553.20.1117588.415343.360.50848 1.8929 -880.00183381550.50.1218689.606343.960.51493 1.8887 -870.00200791547.80.1327490.797344.560.52134 1.8846 -860.0021961545.10.1444391.989345.170.52773 1.8805 -850.0023991542.50.1569793.182345.770.53409 1.8766 -840.00261781539.80.1704294.376346.380.54041 1.8727 -830.00285351537.10.1848295.57346.990.54671 1.8689 -820.0031071534.40.2002396.766347.60.55298 1.8652 -810.00337941531.70.216797.963348.210.55923 1.8616 -800.003671915290.2342999.161348.830.56544 1.858 -790.00398561526.30.25306100.36349.440.57163 1.8546 -780.00432171523.60.27307101.56350.060.5778 1.8512 -770.00468161520.90.29438102.76350.670.58393 1.8478 -760.00506651518.20.31705103.96351.290.59004 1.8446 -750.00547771515.50.34116105.17351.910.59613 1.8414 -740.00591681512.80.36677106.37352.530.60219 1.8382 -730.00638511510.10.39395107.58353.150.60823 1.8352 -720.00688431507.30.42278108.78353.770.61424 1.8322 -710.00741581504.60.45333109.99354.40.62023 1.8293 -700.00798141501.90.48568111.2355.020.62619 1.8264 -690.00858261499.10.51991112.41355.650.63214 1.8236 -680.00922131496.40.5561113.62356.270.63806 1.8209 -670.00989921493.70.59433114.83356.90.64395 1.8182 -660.010*******.90.6347116.05357.530.64983 1.8155 -650.011381488.20.67728117.26358.160.65568 1.813 -640.0121871485.40.72218118.48358.790.66151 1.8105 -630.0130411482.60.76947119.7359.420.66732 1.808 -620.0139441479.90.81927120.92360.050.67311 1.8056 -610.0148991477.10.87167122.14360.680.67887 1.8033 -600.0159061474.30.92676123.36361.310.68462 1.801 -590.016971471.60.98465124.59361.940.69035 1.7987 -580.0180911468.8 1.0454125.81362.580.69605 1.7965。
制冷剂的热物理性质
氨（R717）
一氯二氟甲烷（R22）
分子式
分子量
标准沸腾温度（℃）
凝固温度（℃）
临界温度（℃）
临界压力（绝对压力,MPa）
临界比容vcr(L/kg)
绝热指数k(20℃,101.36kPa)
蒸汽定压比热cp[kJ/(kg.℃)20℃,101.36kPa]
-15℃时的蒸汽压力（绝对压力,MPa）
4053515全封闭活塞式制冷压缩机名义工况
工况
制冷剂
冷凝温度℃
蒸发温度℃
过冷温度℃
吸气温度℃
环境温度℃
高温工况
R22
54.4
7.2
46.1
35
35 3
低温工况
R22,R502
30
-15
25
15
阅读时间：2011.4.5
题目：关于CO2作环保制冷剂的性能分析
作者：叶学群（阜新高等专科学校 辽宁）
17.031
-33.4
-77.7
132.4
11.3
4.130
1.32
2.160
0.24
1.17
4.94
1312.56
1126.25
0.889
0.509
0.454
98
0.057
4.21
CHF2CL
86.48
-40.8
-160
96
4.93
1.905
1.194(10℃)
0.615(10℃)
0.3
1.2
4.06
30℃时的冷凝压力（绝对压力,MPa）
压缩比
-15时的蒸发潜热（kJ/kg）
单位重量制冷量( kJ/kg)
氨的性质及防范措施：
氨的性质及防范措施：1.氨的物理性质氨（NH3），是目前使用广泛的一种中压中温制冷剂。
氨的分子量17.03，标准状况下凝固温度为-77.7℃，蒸发温度为－33.3℃，在常温下冷凝压力一般为1.1～1.3MPa，为无色而有强烈刺激气味的气体。
氨极易溶于水、乙醇和乙醚。
2.氨的化学性质氨的水溶液由于形成氢氧化铵而呈碱性。
氨对钢铁不起腐蚀作用，但氨液中含有水分后，对铜及铜合金有腐蚀作用。
氨可燃，燃烧时，其火焰稍带绿色；氨有较强的毒性和可燃性。
若以容积计，当空气中氨的含量达到0.5％～0.6％时，人在其中停留半个小时即可中毒，达到11％～13％时即可点燃，达到16％时遇明火就会爆炸。
如果氨制冷系统中含有较多空气，也会引起制冷装置爆炸。
氨气的毒性和爆炸浓度:体积含量% 0．0026 0．0053 0．07 0．5～0.6 16～25现象允许浓度开始感觉刺激眼睛半小时内中毒发生燃烧爆炸3.预防措施操作人员按时巡检，确保设备、管路、阀门不泄漏。
设备管道要严格密封，可用氯水、浸过盐酸的布(遇氯生成氯化铵白烟)或靠其臭味检漏。
机房必须通风，必须有橡胶手套，放毒面具，胶鞋及救护药品。
必须配备灭火器等消防器材。
4.救护措施a，漏氨处理措施如果发现高压管路漏氨，应停止运行压缩机，卸压后进行补漏。
b，氨中毒处理措施氨主要是通过呼吸道吸入，此外，也可以通过皮肤吸收。
吸入高浓度氨气引起咳嗽、恶心、头痛、胸疼、呼吸急促、眩晕、窒息感、胃疼、闭尿等症状。
吸入氨气咳嗽时，可用湿毛巾，或食醋弄湿毛巾捂住口鼻，可以减轻氨对呼吸道的刺激程度。
（氨易溶与水，溶与水显弱碱性，可用弱酸中和）严重时硼酸水滴鼻漱口，喝柠檬汁，但切勿喝白开水。
吸入氨气的患者应立即转移到通风区安置休息并保暖。
呼吸微弱或停止时立即进行输氧或人工呼吸。
并速叫医生来诊治。
此外，液氨溅到皮肤上会冻伤皮肤，必须迅速用清水冲洗，严重者叫医生来诊治。
热源加热量的多少对制冷量及制冷效率均有较大影响，加热量少，产生的蒸气量少，溶液循环量不够；如加热量过多，发生量增大，除热量损失增大外，蒸气中夹带的水蒸气量增多，使精馏装置不能适应，从而使冰箱蒸发温度升高，制冷量下降。
制冷剂的压焓简介
六制冷剂的压焓(lg-h)图和热力性质表图6-1 R12压焓图表6-1 R12饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-2 R22压焓图表6-2 R22饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-3 R23压焓图表6-3 R23饱和液体和气体性质表(续表) 图6-4 R32压焓图表6-4 R32饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:a=三相点;b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-5 R50压焓图表6-5 R50饱和液体和气体性质表注:a=三相点;b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-6 R123压焓图表6-6 R123饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-7 R124压焓图表6-7 R124饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-8 R125压焓图表6-8 R125饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:a=三相点;b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-9 R134a压焓图表6-9 R134a饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:a=三相点;b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-10 R152a压焓图表6-10 R152a饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:a=三相点;b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-11 R170压焓图表6-11 R170饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-12 R290压焓图表6-12 R290饱和液体和气体性质表(续表)注:b=正常沸点;c=临界点。
图6-13 R404A压焓图表6-13 R404A沸腾状态液体和结露状态气体性质表(续表)注:b=1个标准大气压时的沸点和露点;c=临界点。
图6-14 R407c压焓图表6-14 R407C沸腾状态液体和结露状态气体性质表(续表)注:b=1个标准大气压时的沸点和露点;c=临界点。
图6-15 R410A压焓图表6-15 R410A沸腾状态液体和结露状态气体性质表(续表)注:b=1个标准大气压时的沸点和露点;c=临界点。
氨、丙烯、丙烷压缩制冷能耗分析
冷凝器
（ ４ ）气 体绝 热 指 数 越 小 ，在 相 同压 比下 出 口 气 体 的温 度 就越 低 ，因 而 可 以采 用 较 大 的压 比进 行设 计 ，以 节 省 压 缩 机 投 资 。丙 烯 、丙 烷 的绝 热 指 数都 明显低 于氨 ，在压 缩机设计 上具 有优 势 。 （ ５ ） 冷凝 压 力 取 决 于 外 界 冷 却 介 质 的 温 度 ， 过低 的冷 凝 压 力 可 以 降 低 压 比，提 高 制 冷 系 数 ， 但 同时也 需要 更 低 的冷 凝 温 度 ，这 对 循 环 冷 却 介 质 有 了更 高 的要求 。 （ ６ ） 单位 摩 尔 汽 化 潜 热 越 大 ，越 有 利 于 提 高 制冷效 率 ，氨 的汽 化潜热 最大 ，优 于丙烯 和丙烷 。
－ｏ ． ｓ ８ ｓ
量连续 排 放 到 高 温 热 源 的过 程 。 实 际 的 压 缩 制 冷 循 环 由 压 缩 机 、冷 凝 器 、 节 流 阀 、蒸 发 器 构 成 。 从 蒸发 器 出来 的 低 温 制 冷 剂 气 体 ，先 经 压 缩 机 升 压 ，再 经过冷 凝 器 冷 凝 为 高 压 饱 和 液 体 ，经 节 流
不 同的制冷 流程进行模拟计算得 出制冷 系数 和能耗估算。
关 键词
压缩制冷 能耗 氨 丙烯 丙烷
’
制 冷 的 方 法 有 多 种 在 制 冷 技 术 和 低 温 技 术 领 域应用 最 广 泛 的是 机 械 制 冷 ，如 压 缩 制 冷 、 吸 收式 制 冷 、蒸 汽 喷射 式 制 冷 等 ¨ Ｊ 。压 缩 制 冷 因具 有 流程 简 单 、工 艺 成 熟 等 特 点 而 被 普 遍 应 用 于 石 油 化工 、煤化 工领 域 。在 一 ６ Ｏ ℃一 ０ ￣ Ｃ制冷领 域 中 ， 工业 上 普 遍 采 用 氨 、丙 烯 、丙 烷 等 中 温 制 冷 剂 。 氨 制冷 常 用 于 合 成 氨 项 目，丙 烯 制 冷 常 用 于 煤 制 烯烃 、煤 制 甲醇项 目 ，丙 烷 制 冷 常 用 于 轻 烃 回收 、
几种常用制冷剂的性质
几种常用制冷剂的性质氨(R717)氨属于无机化合物制冷剂，工作压力适中，单位容积制冷量较大，放热系数高，管道流动阻力损失小，价格低，易获得。
在1atm下，氨的沸点是-33.3℃，汽化潜热为1368.15kJ/kg。
为保护臭氧层，逐步禁止使用氟里昂；氨对臭氧层无破坏作用，是对温室效应毫无作用的极少数工质之一。
氨的蒸气无色，但有强烈的刺激性气味(检漏容易)，对人体有较大的毒性；氨蒸气容积浓度达11%～14%即可点燃，若达到16%～25%时可引起爆炸。
氟里昂氟里昂是饱和碳氢化合物的氟、氯、溴衍生物的总称，即用氟、氯、溴原子取代饱和的碳氢化合物中的全部或一部分氢原子而形成的化合物。
氟里昂无色、无味，渗透性强(易泄漏，需用专用仪器，如卤素灯或电子卤素检漏仪检漏)，大多无毒，没有燃烧和爆炸的危险；对金属没有腐蚀作用；绝热指数小，压缩机的排气温度低；化学稳定性高，凝固点低。
氟里昂的单位容积制冷量较小，同氨相比，在相同制冷量下其制冷剂的循环量较大。
R12 (氟里昂12)二氟二氯甲烷；无色、带轻微气味。
不燃烧、不爆炸，是一种安全的制冷剂。
标准蒸发温度为-29.8℃，有较广的制冷温度范围，而且压力适中；在同一温度下，其饱和压力要比氨和氟里昂22稍低，风冷时常温下冷凝压力不超过1.18 MPa ；对金属没有腐蚀作用。
单位容积制冷量较小；对大气臭氧层破坏严重，是最早被提出禁用的制冷剂之一。
R22 (氟里昂22)二氟一氯甲烷；与R12一样是一种使用安全的制冷剂，不燃烧、不爆炸，无色、无味。
标准蒸发温度为-40.8℃，属中温制冷剂。
比R12更适于低温。
单位容积制冷量比R12大40%～60%，沸腾和凝结时放热系数比R12大25%～30%，所以采用R22作制冷剂比采用R12作制冷剂的制冷装置，在制冷量相同的情况下尺寸要小很多。
对臭氧层的破坏作用比R12小得多，大约是R12的5%；正作为某些禁用制冷剂的过渡性替代物质被使用，但最终将被停止使用。