高三英语阅读培优训练：6

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2020-2021英语阅读理解的专项培优练习题(含答案)含答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It's very likely that you'll want to have volunteers to help with the organization's activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people's wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g. "I volunteer because it's important to me") to an external factor (e.g. "I volunteer because I'm required to do so"). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to "training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience".Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view "volunteer" as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as "Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am." Consistent with the researchers' expectations, they found a positive correlation(正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: "Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity....Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity".（1）People volunteer mainly out of __________.A. academic requirementsB. social expectationsC. financial rewardsD. internal needs（2）What can we learn from the Florida study?A.Follow-up studies should last for one year.B.Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C.Strategy training is a must in research.D.Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.（3）What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A.Individual differences in role identity.B.Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C.Role identity as a volunteer.D.Practical advice from researchers.（4）What is the best title of the passage?A.How to Get People to VolunteerB.How to Study Volunteer BehaviorsC.How to Keep Volunteers' InterestD.How to Organize Volunteer Activities【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了怎样让人们去做志愿者的一些方法。

高考英语阅读培优训练8篇

高考英语阅读培优训练8篇高考英语阅读培优训练8篇第1篇A new scientific survey has found that the glaciers of the Arctic are the world’s biggest contributors to rising seas, shedding ice at an accelerating rate that now adds well over a millimeter to the level of the ocean every year. That is considerably more ice melt than Antarctica is contributing, even though the Antarctic contains far more ice. Still, driven by glacier clusters in Alaska, Canada and Russia and the vast ice sheet of Greenland, the fast-warming Arctic is outstrip ping the entire ice continent to the south---for now.However, the biggest problem is that both ice regions appear to be accelerating their losses simultaneously-suggesting that we could be in for an even faster rate of sea-level rise in future decades. Seas are rising by about three millimeters each year, according to NASA. That’s mainly driven by the Arctic contribution, the Antarctic and a third major factor- that ocean water naturally expands as it warns.For Arctic ice loss, "the rate has tripled since 1986, " said Jason Box, first author of the new study and a scientist at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland. "So it clearly shows an acceleration of the sea-level contrib ution.”“Antarctica will probably take over at some point in the future, but during the past 47 years of this study, it's not controversial that the arctic is the largest contribution of land ice to sea-level rise. ” he said.Scientists in the United States, Chile, Canada, Norway and the Netherlands contributed to the work, published in EnvironmentalResearch Letters.The Arctic is also losing floating sea ice at a rapid pace, but that loss does not contribute substantially to rising seas( though it has many other consequences). Sea ice losses closely match what is happening on land, which makes sense because both phenomena are being driven by the fast warming of the atmosphere in the Arctic, which has heated up at a rate much faster than seen in lower latitudes. Warming seas are also driving some of the ice loss.The research was performed by merging a highly reliable gravity-based measurement of Arctic mass loss from NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE) satellites with older direct ice measurements, taken from the field, going back to 1971.The total Arctic loss at present is 447 billion tons of ice per year- which Box calculated is about 14,000 tons of water per second. That's for the period between 2005 and 2015. Between 1986 and 2005, the loss is calculated at around 5,000 tons per second--therefore, the rate has almost tripled.Separate research has recently found that the Antarctic's loss rate has also tripled in just a decade, reaching 219 billion tons per year from 2012 to 2017.Assuming these numbers are correct and summing them together, the worlds polar regions are losing about 666 billion tons of ice to the ocean each year-amounting to a little bit less than two millimeters of sea-level rise annually.1. What's the main immediate cause of the sea level rising according to the article ?A. Glaciers' melting of the ArcticB. Glaciers' melting of AntarcticaC. Global warming and carbon emissionD. Sea ice losses in the polar regions2. Which is NOT the main factor of sea level rising by about three millimeters each year ?A. The Arctic ice melting.B. The Antarctic ice meltingC. Floating sea ice meltingD. Ocean water itself when warming up3. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the passage?A. Antarctic contains far more ice but has less ice melt than ArcticB. We will see an even faster rate of sea-level rise in future decadesC Arctic is the largest contribution of land ice to sea-level rise.D the Antarctic's loss rate has tripled from 2012 to 20174. The underlined sentence be in for is closest in meaning to______.A. encounterB. challengeC.avoidD.struggle【词汇详解】be in for 必定遭到;参加triplen. 三倍数;三个一组adj. 三倍的;三方的vt.使成三倍Controversial adj. 有争议的;有争论的acceleratingadj. 促进的,[物]加速的:催化的outstripvt. 超过;胜过;比…跑得快substantiallyadv.实质上:大体上:大幅simultaneouslyadv. 同时地【答案】ACDA第2篇TVs are entering a new phase. Just when we were getting used to UItraHD4K televisions, the industry is gearing up to start pushing (still extremely pricey) upgrades to 8K sets, And talk about weird: Samsung and Apple became official frenemies by including an app for iTunes on Samsung’ s newest TVs.Walking the show floor this year, I picked these products---some practical, some downright strange---that captured the spirit of where things are headed...or at least the creativity that makes CES（消费电子展）so much fun.This is 2019’s must-have television for billionaires and wannabe James Bonds .With the tap of a button, LG’s 65-inch TV dramatically rises from a long box where it is rolled up inside. How did they do that?The screen uses plastic and OLED tech, which in addition to having fantastic image quality is also capable of bending. (Coming this year, well also be getting smartphones with foldable OLED screens. )The idea is you can place your TV in front of a window without having it block the view all the time. But with a TV like this, who wants to be inconspicuous? Go ahead and show of:LG says it can withstand being rolled up for at least 50.000 cycles.Samsung TVs will now support an app for Apple’s iTunesmovies and TV shows. That means you can buy video from Apple without plugging in Apple's own streaming box, the Apple TV. And new sets from a variety of makers including Samsung and LG will also support Airplay 2, Apple’s tech for beaming music, pictures and video from iPhones and Macs to the big screen. Why is Apple suddenly playing nice with other hardware brands? It's part of a bigger push by the tech giant into making money through services, including subscriptions for music and (perhaps soon)streaming video.1.According to the passage, what's the authors identity?A, Samsung TV’s salespersonB LG’s salespersonC. A field staff of CESD. An journalist covering CES2.The underlined word"inconspicuous"in the passage can be replaced by ________A. modestB. luxurious C .timid D.exaggerated3.According to the passage, which of the following descriptions of the newest TV is wrong?A.It has been gearing up to start pushing upgrades to 8K sets.B. It is still very pricey for its high-tech and fascinating quality.C. Its screen uses plastic and OLED tech so that it can bend.D. It is portable and supports Airplay 2 now.4.According to the passage, which of the following words can be used to describe the author’s attitude towards these new TV sets?A.NeutralB. Pessimistic C Compromising D. Positive【词汇详解】gear up to使准备好frenemyn．腹黑友：亦敌亦友wannaben．想达到日标的人：赶超崇拜者的人a．想要成为的：自封的subscriptionn．捐献：订阅：订金：签署inconspicuousa不显眼的：不引人注意的【答案分析】1．D．推理题。

备战高考英语阅读理解培优练习(含答案)含答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Plastic sludge(污泥)and garbage is a disaster for the world's oceans. A film crew traveled the globe to document the rubbish. And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans Foundation says what we see is just the tip of the problem. “Half o f the waste actually sinks to the bottom, and that remains on the surface actually breaks down. ”The filmmakers found rubbish in ocean gyres, the circulating currents that trap large concentrations of pollution in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacifc Oceans, home of what some have plastic. What we found was a plastic smog that spread throughout all the water. And in some parts of the oceans, scientists have found more plastic than plant. ”The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain, sometimes visibly, and more so at the microscopic level, where the plastic particles interact with other pollutants. “There are heavy metals, medicines, industrial waste in the sea, while it acts like magnets(磁铁). These poisonous substances absorb on the plastic, and then when seafood absorbs the plastics, those poisonous substances enter the fatty tissues. ”To be consumed by other sea life and by people at last. China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam are the worst plastic polluters. The United States, although a leader in recycling, is one of the world's 20 since it produces and consumes so much plastic. There are efforts around the world to address the problem, including at this newly opened recycling center in Lebanon(黎巴嫩). But Andersen says there is more that people can do. “Cut back on single-use plastics, straws, plastic cups, plastic water bottles, plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials.” She says healthy oceans are essential to our survival.（1）What can we learn from the passage?A. There's all island full of plastic rubbish in the Pacific.B. The bad effect of plastic pollution can't be seen by eyes.C. The United States is the least plastic polluters.D. The plastic pollution to oceans is more serious than what we can see.（2）What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3?A. Pollutants like heavy metals and medicines.B. The plastic particles.C. Seafood.D. Fatty tissues.（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. All Asian countries have the most serious problem of plastic pollution.B. The plastic problem hasn't attracted the world's attention.C. Andersen is not satisfied with what has been done to solve the plastic problem,D. People should stop using plastic products immediately.（4）Which may be the title of the passage?A. Plastic pollution in the World.B. Plastic pollution—Oceans'Disaster.C. Ways to solve the problem of plastic pollution to oceans.D. Plastic pollution and our health.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

2025届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案环境话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________外刊精选｜给食品贴生态标签，谁在为环境买单？这两年，人们在环保方面可以说是屡出新招，比如，号称健康又低碳的“植物肉”，用着用着就烂了的纸吸管，点外卖要额外付费的一次性餐具，等等。

最近，英国一个探讨团队尝试为食品测算“环保值”，并力推食品生产商都为产品打上“生态标签”。

这项措施真的有利于环保吗？推广“生态标签”，原委是约束生产商，还是绑架消费者？Supermarket Food Could Soon Carry Eco-labels, Says Study Supermarket shoppers could soon be checking the environmental impact of food before putting it in their trolleys, thanks to new research. Reliable information of this kind hasn't been available. That's because UK manufacturers only have to list their main ingredients.Scientists have overcome the problem by estimating the composition of thousands of food products and their impact. Many consumers want to know how their weekly food shop affects the planet. The food industry has also been crying out for a new tool and this algorithm is already being used by some manufacturers.The team estimated the composition of 57,000 foods and drinks in supermarkets in the UK and Ireland. It then assessed the impact of growing methods, processing and transport, against key environmental measures including greenhouse gas emissions and impacts on nature.Under the algorithm, the higher the score, the higher the environmental impact. But there is wide variation within specific categories. For example, the highest-impact pork sausage scored about a third higher than the least impactful.The researchers don't foresee eco-labelling becoming compulsory in the near future. They want firms to adopt it voluntarily, something they believe would lead them to compete over the sustainability of their food and drink products.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解培优练习(含答案)含答案

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Jane Austen is loved mainly as a charming guide to fashionable life in the Regency period (英国摄政时期). She is admired for describing a world of elegant houses, dances, servants and fashionable young men driving barouches (四轮四座大马车). But her own vision of her task was completely different. She was an ambitious and strict moralist. She was highly conscious of human failings and she had a deep desire to make people nicer: less selfish, more reasonable and more sensitive to the needs of others.In Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bonnet start off heartily disliking each other and then, gradually realize they are in love. They make one of the great romantic couples. He is handsome, rich and well connected; she is pretty, smart and lively. But why actually are they right for one another?Jane Austen is very clear. It's for a reason we tend not to think of very much today: It is because each can educate and improve the other. When Mr. Darcy arrives in the neighborhood, he feels "superior" to everyone else, because he has more money and higher status. At a key moment, Elizabeth condemns his arrogance (自大) and pride to his face. It sounds offensive in the extreme, but later he admits that this was just what he needed.Mostly, we tend to think of love as liking someone for who they already are, and of total acceptance. But the person who is right for us, Austen is saying, is not simply someone who makes us feel relaxed or comfortable; they got to be able to help us overcome our failings and become more mature, more honest and kinder—and we need to do something similar for them.（1）What do we know about Jane Austen from paragraph 1?A. She lived a fashionable life.B. She wrote about the life of the rich.C. She knew exactly human virtues.D. She was nicer to less selfish people.（2）What can we learn about Mr. Darcy from the text?A. He dislikes Elizabeth from the beginning to the end.B. He is handsome, rich and rather modest.C. He is kind to everyone in the neighborhood.D. He needs Elizabeth to point out his shortcomings.（3）Which person is right for you according to Jane Austen?A. A person that you like for who he or she is.B. A person with whom you feel really relaxed.C. A person making you become a better man or woman.D. A person who does something similar to you.（4）What message does the book Pride and Prejudice convey?A. Improve yourself with your lover's help.B. Accept the people you love totally.C. Earn much money to make people love you.D. Find your true love with pride and prejudice.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了简·奥斯丁的著作《傲慢与偏见》中传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的思想。

备战高考英语培优专题复习阅读理解练习题含答案(1)

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Artificial intelligence can predict when patients with a heart disorder will die, according to scientists.The software learned to analyze blood tests and scans of beating hearts to spot signs that the organ was about to fail. The team, from the UK's Medical Research Council, said the technology could save lives by finding patients that need more aggressive treatment. The results were published in the Journal of Radiology.According to the researchers, high blood pressure in the lungs damages part of the heart, and about a third of patients die within five years after being diagnosed. There are treatments: drugs, injections straight into the blood vessels, a lung transplant. But doctors need to have an idea of how long patients might have left, in order to pick the right treatment.The software was given scans of 256 patients' hearts, and blood test results. When this data was combined with eight years of patient health records, the artificial intelligence predicted when patients would die.The software could look about five years into the future. It correctly predicted those who would still be alive after one year about 80% of the time. The figure for doctors is 60%.The team now want to test the software works in other patients in different hospitals before assessing whether it should be made widely available to doctors. The researchers also want to use the technology in other forms of heart failure, such as cardiomyopathy, to see who might need a pacemaker or other forms of treatment.Dr Mike Knapton, from the British Heart Foundation, said, "This exciting use of computer software in medical practice will help doctors in the future to make sure that patients are receiving the correct treatment before the condition deteriorates and leaves them needing a lung transplant. The next step is to test this technology in more hospitals with heart disease."（1）What can artificial intelligence do according to the passage?A. Predicting how long a person with heart disease can survive.B. Helping doctors diagnose people with heart disease.C. Obeying orders and reminding heart disease patients to take pills.D. Producing medicine without side effects for heart disease patients.（2）What can we know about the software from the passage?A. It can make accurate long-term predictions.B. It has not yet been widely put into use.C. It can prevent high blood pressure in the lungs damaging part of the heart.D. It can help doctors make sure that patients are receiving the correct treatment.（3）The underlined word "deteriorates" in the last paragraph probably means "________."A. continuesB. worsensC. existsD. improves（4）The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to _________.A. advertiseB. persuadeC. informD. entertain【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家称，人工智能可以预测心脏病患者何时死亡，这项技术可以通过找到需要更积极治疗的病人来挽救生命。

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解(大题培优)附答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解At the age of seven, while his friends were spending pocket money on things like candy and toys, Jose Adolfo was busy saving money for more essential purchases. To try to get his peers to do the same, the youngster from Arequipa, Peru came up with the innovative idea of an eco-bank, which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independence—while also helping the environment.Established in 2012, the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first bank for kids. To open an account, kids have to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste (paper or plastic) and establish a savings goal. Once accepted, all bank "partners" are required to deposit(存储) at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and meet other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.The waste collected is sold to local recycling companies, who, thanks to Jose, pay a higher-than-market rate for everything brought in by Bartselana Student Bank members. The funds received are placed in the individual's account until his/her savings goal is reached. The account holder can then withdraw his/her money, or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target. "At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy," Jose recalls. "They did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present. Luckily. I had the support of the school principal."By 2013, the bank had over 200 members who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the eco-bank, which now has the support of several local institutions, has ten educational centers. They are designed to teach the over 3,000 members both finance and environmental management. On December 6, 2018, in response to the growing demand, Bartselana Student Bank began accepting applications from kids all across Peru.As the teenager says, "Together we can change the world. We just need an opportunity."（1）What is the purpose of the eco-bank?A. To involve kids in the management of the local recycling companies.B. To help kids get pocket money to spend on things like candy and toys.C. To show kids how important it is to learn environmental management.D. To get kids to help the environment and be economically independent.（2）What duty does an eco-bank member have to perform?A. Attending financial education workshops.B. Bringing in 5 kilos of waste.C. Saving one kilo of solid waste weekly.D. Establishing a savings goal.（3）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Kids are more responsible when growing up.B. The future of the country relies mainly on kids.C. Kids can contribute to the society though young.D. The present is a vital period for kid development.（4）Which of the following words can best describe Jose?A. Generous.B. Crazy.C. Flexible.D. Influential.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，巴塞拉纳学生银行成立于2012年，是世界上第一家儿童银行。

【英语】英语阅读理解的专项培优练习题(含答案)及详细答案

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Empathy (同理心)is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.What Is Empathy?— Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup.It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.（1）Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?A. Because people tend to center themselves.B. Because everyone lacks empathy.C. Because empathy is a strange quality.D. Because it's better to give than to receive.（2）Which situation can empathy be used in?A.When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.B.When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.C.When a criminal is cheating a victim.D.When a dancer is dancing to music.（3）What does the underlined sentence "An empty jug cannot fill a cup" mean?A.An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.B.It's a must to talk to kids about emotions.C.Adults should set an example to kids.D.Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.（4）What is the main topic of the passage?A.How to train kids to have empathy.B.How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.C.How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.D.Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在一个强调自我满足的世界里，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

备战高考英语培优专题复习阅读理解练习题附答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解It was just before 8 a.m. on October 17, 2010.She'd checked the higher summits forecast posted by the Mount Washington Observatory before she left. Based on her experience, Bales knew that her hike was realistic. Besides, she had two plans and extra layers of clothing to better regulate her temperature as conditions changed.At 10:30 a.m., the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She made her way across the snow—covered ridge toward Mount Washington and began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She'd been following faint tracks all day and hadn't given them much thought, because so many people climbed Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of sneakers. She silently scolded the absent hiker for breaking normal safety rules and walked on.Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, shocked. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add risk and time to the route she'd already adjusted to manage both. But she could not let this go. She turned to the left and called out, "Hello!" into the frozen fog.Bales wouldn't get an answer until a week later, when the president of her rescue group received a letter in the mail. It read: "I hope this reaches the right group of rescuers. I want to remain anonymous(匿名的), but I was called John. On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me, changing my clothes, giving me food, making me warmer."（1）What does the underlined sentence mean?A.The weather began to get worse.B.Nobody controlled the weather.C.Weather could never be predicted.D.Weather was generally changeable.（2）Why did Bales feel really frightened?A.Because she lost her way completely.B.Because the terrible weather was on the way.C.Because she was blinded by the frozen fog.D.Because she was convinced that someone was in trouble.（3）What is the purpose of John's hiking?A.To challenge his limit.B.To go up his favorite trail.C.To donate some money to rescue group.D.To kill himself without being discovered.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，贝尔斯在天气恶劣时去登山，无意发现一串往危险区域行进的脚印，她知道有人陷入了困境。

高考英语阅读理解(大题培优)及答案

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Gene technology to benefit peopleAmong all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.（1）What does "these two killers" in the second paragraph refer to?A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.（2）What's the main idea of the third paragraph?A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.C. Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby.D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.（3）In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.B. Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.（4）What is the main purpose of writing this passage?A. Expressing the writer's idea that gene technology will benefit peopleB. Telling people the advantages of gene technologyC. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit peopleD. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。

2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案化石燃料话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________外刊精选｜“幸运之国”澳大利亚：离开化石燃料还能幸运下去吗？上月中旬，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二十八次缔约方大会（简称“COP28”），在阿联酋迪拜闭幕。

大会的最终决议获得198个缔约方的一致同意，各国在最终协议文本中纳入了有关化石燃料的表述，首次就制定“转型脱离化石燃料”的路线图达成一致。

而这一决议也将对坐拥丰富化石能源的澳大利亚构成一定的挑战。

COP28达成的共识将会造成什么样的影响？澳大利亚是否面临着紧迫的能源转型？Will the End of Fossil Fuels Spoil the Lucky Country's Streak?By Jacky WongAustralia has lived up to its nickname, the “Lucky Country,” partly thanks to abundant reserves of coal and natural gas. A fossil-fuel-free future—like the one envisioned at the COP28 climate summit in Dubai on Wednesday—would therefore pose a significant challenge to its growth model.Governments may not be able to agree on much nowadays, but nearly 200 of them signed onto Wednesday’s statement: The first time a United Nations climate agreement has called for transitioning away from all fossil fuels. And getting such a diverse set of countries—including petrostates and big emitters like China and the U.S.—on the same page is still quite significant.That could also mean a very different future for Australia, one of the world’s largest exporters of fossil fuels. If other countries are serious about their climate commitments, the medium-term impact could be large indeed.Luckily, Australia also has an ample supply of minerals that are needed for the energy transition. It is by far the world’s largest lithium producer, accounting for nearly half of global extraction in 2022, according to consulting firm McKinsey. Australia is also a big producer of copper—essential to EVs and renewables.Australia could still do more to better position itself for a clean-technology future—and reduce some of the new risks stemming from it. Its luck may not run out if it can work toward the energy transition.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。

高三英语阅读培优训练：发表负结果有益于科学进步

高三英语阅读培优训练发表负结果有益于科学进步【原文】ⅠHypothesis-driven research is at the heart of scientific endeavor, and it is often the positive,confirmatory data that get the most attention and guide further research. But many studies produce non-confirmatory data—observations that refute current ideas and carefully constructed hypotheses. And it can be argued that these “negative data,” far from having little value in science, are actually an integral part of scientific progress that deserve more attention.ⅡAt first glance, this may seem a little nonsensical; after all, how can non-confirmatory results help science to progress when they fail to substantiate anything? But in fact, in a philosophical sense, only negative data resulting in rejection of a hypothesis represent real progress. As philosopher of science Karl Popper stated: “Every refutation should be regarded as a great success; not merely a success of the scientist who refuted the theory, but also of the scientist who created the refuted theory and who thus in the first instance suggested, if only indirectly, the refuting experiment.”ⅢOn a more practical level, Journal of Negative Results in Biomedicine (JNRBM) was launched on the premise that scientific progress depends not only on the accomplishments of individuals but requires teamwork and open communication of all results—positive and negative. After all, the scientific community can only learn from negative results if the data are published.ⅣThough not every negative result will turn out to be of groundbreaking significance, it is imperative to be aware of the more balanced perspective that can result from the publication of non-confirmatory findings. The first and most obvious benefits of publishing negative results are a reduction in the duplication of effort between researchers, leading to the acceleration of scientific progress, and greater transparency and openness.ⅤMore broadly, publication of negative data might also contribute to a more realistic appreciation of the “messy” nature of science. Scientific endeavors rarely result in perfect discoveries of elements of “truth” about the world. This is largely because they are frequently based on methods with real limitations and hypotheses based on uncertain premises.ⅥIt is perhaps this “messy” aspect of science that contributes to a hesitation within the scientific community to publish negative data. In an ever more competitive environment, it may be that scientific journals prefer to publish studies with clear and specific conclusions. Indeed, Daniele Fanelli of the University of Edinburgh suggests thatresults may be distorted by a “publish or perish” culture in which the progress of scientific careers depends on the frequency and quality of citations. This leads to a situation in which data that support a hypothesis may be perceived in a more positive light and receive more citations than data that only generate more questions and uncertainty.ⅦDespite the effects of this competitive environment, however, a willingness to publish negative data is emerging among researchers. Publications that emphasize positive findings are of course useful, but a more balanced presentation of all the data, including negative or failed experiments, would also make a significant contribution to scientific progress.【词汇短语】1.hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs] n.假设2.confirmatory [kən'fɜ:məˌtərɪ] a.证实的，确实的3.refute [rɪˈfju:t] v.驳斥4.negative [ˈnegətɪv] a.否定的5.integral [ˈɪntɪgrəl] a.构成整体所必须的6.nonsensical [nɒnˈsensɪkl] a.荒谬的7.substantiate [səbˈstænʃieɪt] v.证明8.rejection [rɪ'dʒekʃn] n.拒绝，驳回unch [lɔ:ntʃ] v.发射，发起，推出10.premise ['premɪs] n.前提11.accomplishment [əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt] n.成就munity [kəˈmju:nəti] n.团体，界13.groundbreaking [ˈgraʊndbreɪkɪŋ] a.创新的14.significance [sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns] n.意义15.imperative [ɪmˈperətɪv] a.必要的16.duplication [ˌdju:plɪ'keɪʃn] n.双重，重复17.acceleration [əkˌseləˈreɪʃn] n.加速18.transparency [trænsˈpærənsi] n.透明度19.contribute to 增益，有助于20.appreciation [əˌpri:ʃiˈeɪʃn] n.欣赏，评论21.messy [ˈmesi] a.散乱的22.endeavor [ɪn'devə] n.努力23.hesitation [ˌhezɪ'teɪʃn] n.犹豫24.distort [dɪˈstɔ:t] v.扭曲25.perish [ˈperɪʃ] v.毁灭26.frequency [ˈfri:kwənsi] n.频率27.emerge [iˈmɜ:dʒ] v.出现，显露【翻译点评】Ⅰ①Hypothesis-driven research is at the heart of scientific endeavor, and it is often the positive, confirmatory data that get the most attention and guide further research. ②But many studies produce non-confirmatory data—observations that refute current ideas and carefully constructed hypotheses. ③And it can be argued that these “negative data,” far from having little value in science, are actually an integral part of scientific progress that deserve more attention.翻译：假设驱动型研究对于科学事业至关重要, 且经常是那些正向的、验证性数据最受关注并引导深入研究。

备战高考英语阅读理解(大题培优)附答案

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解It seems we're always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers researched the sleep patterns of those "fortunate" few and found they may not be so lucky after all. In fact, they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. What's more, sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour crowd.The wide-ranging global study involved(涉及) more than three million people who self-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation(适度).You may be thinking: What if I only sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sleeping much on weekends. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived(睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.（1）Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied?A. Few people have time to sleep too much.B. Lack of sleep causes much more harm.C. It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern.D. People's health has nothing to do with it.（2）What does the underlined words "those 'fortunate' few" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Those leading a relaxing life. B. Those getting too much sleep.C. Those with less time to sleep.D. Those with no sleep problems.（3）What can be learned from the 2019 study?A. Sleeping much is particularly beneficial to hungry people.B. Many people sleep more on weekends than on weekdays.C. An alarm clock of high quality is important for good sleep.D. People who sleep much only on weekends also have health risk.（4）What is the main idea of the text?A. It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.B. Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.C. Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.D. People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，我们似乎总是被告知要多睡觉，但是睡眠过多对身体也是有害的。