考研英语：2002翻译真题精练精讲
2002年考研英语真题及解析
【英汉对照】
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 . As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 . It is important to do so.
人们曾经把 20 世纪电视的发展 和 15、16 世纪印刷术的传播作过比较。然而， 21 在这两个时段之间却发生了许多事情。 正如前面所讲的，直到 19 世纪，报纸 22 才继小册子和图书之后，24 与期刊一起， 成为电子时代到来之前的最重要的 23 传 播媒介。正是在这段时间，通信革命的发 展也 25 加快了步伐，从铁路运输开始， 26 发展到电报、电话、收音机和电影，27 直到 20 世纪的汽车和飞机时代。并不是 每个人都能 28 正确地看待这个发展过程。 而做到这一点其实是很重要的。
2002年考研英语翻译真题精练精讲范文
拆分点参考：连词
The behavioral sciences have been slow to change//partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and//partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.
句子拆分：
拆分点参考：谓语动词,连词
The role of natural selection in evolution//was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, //and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior ofthe individual//is only beginning to be recognized and studied.
句子拆分：
拆分点参考：从属连词，谓语动词
One difficulty is //that almost all of what is called behavioral science // continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.
（2）被动语态：按照被动语态的翻译方法，第一个简单句中的was formulated,处理成“得以、得到”，第二个简单句中的to be recognized and studied也可处理成“得以、得到”。
考研英语二真题原文翻译2002
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语全文翻译S e c t i o n I I U s e o fE n gl i s h 人们曾对20世纪电视的发展和15㊁16世纪印刷术的传播进行过比较㊂然而,在这两个时段之间发生了很多事情㊂正如前面所讲的,直到19世纪,报纸才继宣传册和书之后,与期刊一起,成为电子时代到来前主要的传播手段㊂正是在这段时间,通信革命也加快了步伐,从铁路运输开始,发展到电报㊁电话㊁飞机和电影,直到20世纪的汽车和飞机㊂并不是每一个人都能正确地看待(通信革命的发展)这一进程,而做到这一点是非常重要的㊂然而,人们普遍认为20世纪初期计算机的出现,及随后60年代集成电路的发明,极大地改变了这一进程,尽管它对媒体的影响并没有立即见效㊂随着时间的推移,计算机变得越来越小,功能却更加强大㊂而且随着显示效果越来越清晰及存储量越来越大,电脑已不只是团体机构的用具,也成了个人的用具,像人一样,电脑也按 代 来划分,而且代与代之间的间隔越来越小㊂正是在计算机时代, 信息社会 这个词语开始被广泛地用于描述我们生活的环境㊂通信革命改变了我们的工作和休闲方式,同时也改变了我们对时间和空间的思考和感知方式㊂但对这一革命在经济㊁政治㊁社会和文化上的影响,人们还有争议㊂人们把它带来的益处和产生的弊端进行了权衡,但很难得出一个概括性的结论㊂S e c t i o n I I I R e a d i n g C o m pr e h e n s i o n P a r tAT e x t 1如果你想在谈话中用幽默语言使人发笑,你必须知道如何识别你与其他人共同的经历和共同的问题㊂你的幽默必须与听众有关,应该向他们显示你是他们中的一员,你了解他们的情况,赞同他们的观点㊂根据你谈话的对象的不同,问题也有所不同㊂如果你在和一群经理谈话,你就可以提及他们秘书的工作缺乏条理;相反,如果你在同一群秘书谈话,你就可以评论他们老板的工作方法紊乱㊂例如,我曾在一次护士集会上听到一个笑话,这个笑话很有效,因为所有听的人对医生的看法都很一致㊂一个人到了天堂,由圣彼得带着四处参观㊂他看到了豪华的住宅㊁美丽的花园㊁明媚的天气等等㊂所有人都很平和㊁礼貌和友善,然而在排队等候午餐时,这位新来的人突然被一位穿白外套的人推到一旁㊂只见这人挤到了队伍的前头,抓过他的食物,咚咚地旁若无人地走到一张餐桌旁㊂ 这是谁啊? 新来的人问圣彼得㊂ 哦,那是上帝, 他回答说, 但有时他认为自己是一名医生㊂如果你是你谈话对象中的一分子,你就能够了解你们所共有的经历和问题,你就可对餐厅中百度官方认证店铺：考研资料分享考研资料，助力考研成功！。
(完整版)2002年考研英语真题及解析(答案很详细,值得下载一看)
2002年Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B, C ORD on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries。
Yet much had happened 1 . As was discussed before，it was not 2 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre—electronic_ 3 _ ,following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4 of the periodical。
It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5 up， beginning with transport， the railway, and leading 6 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio， and motion pictures 7 the 20th century world of the motor car and the air plane。
Not everyone sees that Process in 8 。
2002年华东师范大学翻译考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2002年华东师范大学翻译考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Translate the following passages into Chinese. (50%)A (35%)So Mrs. Moore had all she wished; she escaped the trial, the marriage, and the hot weather; she would return to England in comfort and distinction, and see her other children. At her son’s suggestion, and by her own desire, she departed. But she accepted her good luck without enthusiasm. She had come to that state where the horror of the universe and its smallness are both visible at the same time—the twilight of the double vision in which so many elderly people are involved. If this world is not to our taste, well, at all events there is Heaven, Hell, Annihilation—one or other of those large things, that huge scenic background of stars, fires, blue or black air. All heroic endeavor, and all that is known as art, assumes that there is such a background, just as all practical endeavor, when the world is the our taste, assumes that the world is all. But in the twilight of the double vision, a spiritual muddledom is set up for which no high-sounding words can be found; we can neither act nor refrain from action, we can neither ignore nor respect Infinity, Mrs. Moore had always inclined to resignation. As soon as she landed in India it seemed to her good, and when she saw the water flowing through the mosque-tank, or the Ganges（恒河）, or the moon, caught in the shawl of night with all the other stars, it seemed a beautiful goal and an easy one. To be one with the universe! So dignifiedand simple. But there was always some little duty to be performed first, some new card to be turned up from the diminishing pack and placed, and while she was pottering about, the Marabar struck its gong.(E. M. Forster: A Passage to India) 【参考译文】摩尔太太得偿所愿。
2002考研英语试题详解
2002年[试题分析]21．[标准答案]A[解题思路]难度(正确率)：(正确率)：0.145．此题偏难。
文章的第一句话“Comparisons were drawn between... in the 20th century and ... in the 15th and 16th centuries”就点明了时间的对比是在十五六世纪和20 世纪之间．并且第一段其余部分讲的都是19世纪左右的事情．所以能发生很多事情的既不是之前也不是之后，只能是在这两三个世纪之间了。
[易错提示]有33.7％和 41.7％的考生选择了[B]、[D]。
[考察重点]Yet表明转折前句的意思，既可能是转折comparisons, 也可能是转折between,但后面紧接着就是19世纪，所以只能是转折前者，而保持between不变。
通过上下文的逻辑关系去进行推断。
[重点词汇]comparison-比较，diffusion-这里对应development,作发展推广译。
[难句分析]Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.-是一个大并列，between the development…and the diffusion…22．[标准答案]D[解题思路]难度(正确率)：0.909．此题非常容易。
not until的句型对于大多数考生来讲，太熟悉不过了，因此，干扰项几乎都没有起到作用。
[易错提示]其他干扰项作为单独句子可以成立，但此处如果突然出现“不是在19世纪…”，显然和上下文不符。
[考察重点]not until。
[重点词汇]无[难句分析]无23．[标准答案]C[解题思路]难度(正确率)：0.749；区分度0.374。
考研英语二真题手译翻译2002
41) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.
The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.
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As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore b1 Translation
1- Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone.
2002考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译
2002 Text 1Paragraph 11、If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. 如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和共同的问题。
1.1 identify英/aɪ'dentɪfaɪ/ 美/aɪ'dɛntɪfaɪ/vt. 确定；鉴定；识别，辨认出；使参与；把…看成一样vi. 确定；认同；一致2、Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. 你的幽默必须与听众有关，能够向他们显示你是他们的一员，或者你了解他们的情况，同情他们的观点。
2.1 sympathy英/'sɪmpəθɪ/ 美/'sɪmpəθi/n. 同情；慰问；赞同3、Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. 根据与你谈话的不同对象，问题也有所不同。
4.2 secretary英/ˈsekrətrɪ/ 美/'sɛkrətɛrɪ/n. 秘书；书记；部长；大臣4、If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. 如果你在和一群经理谈话，你就可以评论他们秘书的工作方法紊乱；相反，如果你在和一群秘书谈话，你就可以评论她们老板的工作方法紊乱。
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考研英语:2002翻译真题精练精讲————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语:20０2翻译真题精练精讲一、全真试题Almｏst ａll our mａjor proｂｌems iｎｖolｖｅ humａn beｈaｖior,and the ｙ cannoｔbｅ soｌvｅd by pｈysicａl ａnd bioｌoｇicａl technｏlｏｇｙal ｏｎｅ. Ｗhat is needed iｓ a tecｈｎology of behaviｏr，buｔ we haｖe beｅｎsｌow ｔｏｄeｖelｏｐ thｅｓcｉeｎce ｆrom ｗｈｉｃｈｓｕch a teｃｈnｏlｏgy mｉｇht ｂｅ dｒawn.61)Onｅ difficulty iｓ that almoｓt alｌof what ｉｓc ａｌlｅd behaｖiｏral ｓcienｃｅ cｏntinｕes to ｔrace ｂeｈavioｒｔo state ｓof mｉnd,feelinｇｓ,traitｓｏf charａcｔer，humａn natｕｒe，and ｓo ｏn.Ｐhｙsｉcｓ aｎｄｂioloｇy onｃｅ foｌlowｅd siｍｉlaｒｐrａcｔices ａnｄa ｄvanced ｏnlｙ when ｔhey ｄiscardeｄｔhｅm.６2)Tｈe ｂehａvioral ｓｃieｎｃｅs ｈavｅｂeｅn ｓlow tｏ cｈange pａｒｔly because the eｘplaｎatoｒy ｉt ｅmｓｏfｔeｎ seem to bｅｄｉrectly ｏbｓerｖｅd aｎd partｌｙｂｅcａusｅ ot ｈer kiｎds oｆｅxｐlａｎationｓ have ｂeen hard ｔｏ fiｎd．The eｎｖironment is ｏbviｏusly ｉmportａnt，buｔｉts rｏｌe ｈas remａined obscure. It does n ｏt push oｒ pull,it seleｃts,aｎｄtｈｉｓｆuncｔion iｓ difｆiｃulｔｔo ｄisｃｏver aｎd ａnalyｚｅ．６3）Tｈe rｏle of natural seｌection in evolutiｏn ｗas forｍulated onlｙ a ｌiｔtle ｍｏre than a hunｄred years ａgo，aｎd t ｈｅ sｅlecｔive ｒole oｆtｈe eｎviroｎment in shaping aｎd mａintａining thｅｂehaviｏｒof tｈｅ iｎdｉviｄｕal is ｏnly bｅgiｎnｉng to be rｅcoｇnized ａnd stｕｄieｄ．As the iｎｔeｒaｃtｉoｎ betｗeen orgａnism anｄ enｖironment ｈａs come to be undｅrstood,however,effects onｃe assiｇnｅd to sta ｔeｓｏf mｉｎｄ，feｅlings,anｄ traits are ｂegｉnning to be trａced to acc ｅssiｂｌe coｎditionｓ,and a teｃhnolｏgy of beｈavior may tｈerefoｒｅ beｃom ｅ aｖaｉlａble. It ｗiｌl not ｓｏｌve our ｐroｂｌemｓ,however,until it ｒeplａces tｒadiｔiｏnａl prｅｓciｅntific vｉeｗs,anｄ tｈeｓe are strongly ｅｎtｒｅnｃhed． Freedｏm anｄdｉｇniｔy iｌlusｔrate thｅｄiffｉculty．6４）T ｈeｙ aｒe the posｓessｉons oｆ tｈe aｕtonｏmｏus(ｓelｆ-gｏｖerning）man o ｆ tｒａｄitional theorｙ,and ｔhey ａre ｅssential tｏpracticeｓin ｗｈi ｃh a person is held resｐonsible fｏr his cｏnducｔand gｉｖen ｃｒeｄiｔ fo ｒ hｉs aｃhｉevements.A scｉentifｉc ａnaｌｙｓis shifts both tｈｅrｅsponｓibｉlity anｄｔhe acｈｉevemｅnt tｏ the ｅｎvironｍent．It alsｏｒａiｓｅs ｑuestｉons coｎcｅrning “valuｅｓ”. Ｗｈo will ｕse ａ technｏlo ｇｙ aｎｄ to what ｅnds?6５）Uｎtiｌ thｅse issｕes are resoｌveｄ,a teｃｈｎologｙｏf beｈａvior ｗiｌl contiｎue to bｅｒejｅｃｔｅd，and ｗiｔｈ iｔpossibｌｙ the onｌy way ｔo soｌve oｕr problｅmｓ.二、翻译题解(61)Ｏne ｄｉｆfiｃulｔyistｈaｔalｍoｓt all ofwhaｔｉｓｃaｌleｄ bｅhavioral sciｅnｃecontiｎuestｏｔracｅｂeｈavior ｔｏstates of mind, ｆｅｅliｎｇs, tｒaits of ｃｈaractｅr, huｍan naturｅ, and sｏ on．句子拆分：拆分点参考:从属连词，谓语动词One ｄifficulｔｙis //that aｌmost all ｏｆ what is called behavioraｌsciencｅ／/ conｔinues to trａce behavior ｔo statｅs ｏf mind, feelings, ｔｒａｉtｓ of chaｒacteｒ， hｕman nａtuｒe， anｄ so on.解析:(1)主干结构是Ｏnｅｄiｆｆiｃｕlｔy iｓ tｈat...(2）ａlｍｏst all oｆwhaｔis called ｂehavｉoral scｉｅｎce是表语从句中的主语部分，后面是简单的谓语和宾语结构。
词的处理:ｃonｔinuｅs ｔo traｃe bｅhavｉor tｏ..．继续针对……研究行为beｈavioraｌ scｉence行为科学ｓtａtｅs of miｎd心态，意识状态ｆeeｌings感情traitｓｏｆｃｈaracｔer性格特点技巧点拨：（１)what和that引导的名词性从句直接翻译均可,无需调整顺序。
（2)减词法：短语ｓtates of mind(心理状态）、ｔraｉts of chaｒａcter（性格特征）、huｍan naｔｕre(人类本性)均可以采用减词法,分别翻译成两个字的形式:“心态”“性格”“人性”，朗朗上口，符合汉语对仗的习惯。
完整译文:难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格（特征）、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。
（６２）The behavｉoral scieｎcesｈａve beeｎｓｌow to cｈanｇe partlyｂｅｃａusｅthe ｅxplanaｔory iｔeｍs ｏfｔｅnseｅmｔｏｂe dｉreｃｔｌy ｏbserv ｅd anｄｐａrtlｙbecauｓeotｈer ｋinds of explanatｉｏnshaｖｅ beenｈarｄ to find.句子拆分：拆分点参考：连词The behavｉoｒal sciｅnceｓ have ｂeen sｌow ｔo cｈange//pａrｔly beｃａuse tｈe explanatｏry items ofteｎsｅeｍｔo ｂe direｃtly obsｅrveｄand／／partly becａuse oｔheｒkinds of eｘpｌaｎａｔions havｅ been ｈard ｔo f ｉnd．解析:(1)主句是The behａvｉoral sciences ｈａve been slow ｔo chａnge。
(2）ａnｄ连接两个并列的原因状语从句:parｔｌy bｅcａuse ．.. and partly ｂecause .．．。
词的处理：thｅ exｐlａnａtｏry ｉtems用以解释的要素、依据（内容，项目)other ｋinds of explanatiｏｎs其他解释方式技巧点拨:（1)汉语中习惯前因后果，故原则上本句中的原因状语需要翻译到主句之前；但也有例外,我们可以借助词汇进行处理,用六个字“之所以．...．.是因为（原因是)．..．..”,这样就不需要对原文大动干戈了。
（２)被动语态to be ｄireｃtly obseｒved（直接被观察到）,可采用省略“被”字的翻译方法,译为“直接观察到”,这在汉语中与“水可以直接喝”类似,都是用主动的词汇表达被动的意思。
(3)两个原因状语从句的主语并列，可以在翻译的时候相互印证借鉴，如ｅxplanａtor ｙｉｔeｍs翻译成“解释依据”对大多数同学来说难度很大,但是与其并列的oｔｈer ｋinds oｆｅｘpｌanａtｉonｓ提示考生eｘｐlａnａtorｙ iｔems翻译成ｅxｐlnatｉｏn ｓ也算正确，因为它们是并列的,意思也应一致。
完整译文：行为科学之所以发展缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。
(63）Ｔhe ｒole of ｎatuｒaｌｓelecｔion in evｏlutｉoｎ／/ｗas fｏrmuｌa ｔｅｄｏnly a ｌittｌe more ｔhaｎａｈunｄred years agｏ, //andthe ｓｅlect ｉvｅ rｏle of the eｎviｒｏnment in shaｐｉnｇ and maｉnｔaiｎinｇ the beｈa ｖiｏｒ oｆ the indiｖidｕaｌ／/isonly begiｎning ｔo bｅｒecoｇnized ａnd studiｅd.句子拆分：拆分点参考:谓语动词,连词Thｅ role oｆnａtural seｌectioｎ iｎ evｏluｔiｏn/／ｗaｓ forｍulated only ａｌiｔtle ｍore tｈaｎａ hundｒed ｙｅars ａｇo， //and thｅ seｌective rol ｅ oｆ the eｎviroｎmenｔｉn ｓhaping ａｎd maintaｉnｉｎg ｔhｅｂｅhavior of the indivｉｄual//iｓｏnly ｂｅgｉnning to bｅrecognｉzｅｄand studied.解析:（1)本句为并列复合句，是由and连接的两个简单句构成的。