中考英语复习第三篇中考题型实战第40课书面表达基础知识
第40课书面表达
解题策略方法
书面表达是每年中考必考题型，是考查学生交际能力的一个重要组成部分。书面表达通常有三种形式：
1. 书信、日记、通知、留言、假条；
2. 看图写作；
3. 根据汉语提示写作。
无论是哪一种书面表达形式，考生所写的短文都要紧扣主题，文理通顺，要素完整，语言准确、得当，格式正确，无大小写和拼写错误，标点符号正确，能达到交际目的。
一、训练方法
1. 记。认真系统复习和背诵基础知识和优美的句子、句型。中国有句古话，叫“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟”。同样，要使自己具有较强的写作能力，首先应该熟读和背诵一些句型和短文。许多同学写出来的语言根本不符合英语的语言习惯，相当一部分人有对照中文逐字翻译的不良习惯，不去理会中英文的差异。大量的背诵和阅读是提高写作能力的有效方法，同学们若有大量的现成语言积累在脑海里，自己写起文段来，就可以做到脱口而出，或是模仿、套用，甚至发挥。
2. 练。每练一篇书面表达题，都要真正学到一点东西，不可贪多而边学边忘。平时可以采用循序渐进、灵活多样的练习方式。从根据提示词写单句开始，然后到写几句话，最后到写流利的文段。尽量尝试多种形式的写作，如短信、说明、通知、便条、明信片、看图写作、根据表格或记录写短文等。
3. 写。要进行实战写作。要求自己在20分钟内写出100词的短文，并且质量高、内容全、形式正确。这样形成习惯，考试时就能得心应手。
二、应试策略
1. 审题目：要切中题意。《中考考试说明》指出，书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意？
就是要认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，要看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。
2. 圈要点：防止遗漏要点。要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。
3. 列提纲：为写作做好准备。根据文章要点及短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词记下，形成提纲。
4. 定基调：定出时态、人称、顺序、开头、结尾。
5. 写全文：写短文时要做到以下七个方面：
（1）避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。
（2）多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用含有非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。
（3）注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。
（4）描写人物时，要生动具体，如：
外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, ordinary-looking, strong, weak等。服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown,
black等。情绪描写：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested等。感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile,
shout等。动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch等。
（5）上下文要连贯，恰当使用关联词。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，因此同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序（时间或空间），使用一些表示并列、递进等的过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。
（6）不会表达，另辟蹊径。中考作文给分是以要点和语言准确度而定，不以文采打分。造句越简单准确越好，造复合句容易出错，容易被扣分。阅卷场上有句话：“错误面前人人平等，文采好不加分”。如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达，可采用变通的办法，化难为易，化繁为简。总之，所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。
（7）认真检查，改正错误。中考写作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：
①格式是否有错；②拼写有无错误；
③语言是否用错；④时态、语态错误；
⑤标点错误；⑥人称是否用错。
三、书面表达评分标准参考
四、初中英语写作常用谚语
1. Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
2. A light heart lives long.
心情开朗寿命长。（不恼不愁，活到白头。）
3. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
一天一苹果，医生远离我。
4. Nothing in the world is difficult for the man who sets his mind to it./Anything is possible if you work hard./Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
5. It is better to give than to receive.
给予比接受更好。
6. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难朋友才是真朋友。
7. Gifts of roses, hands there are lingering fragrance.
赠人玫瑰，手有余香。
8. God helps those who help others.
助人者天助。
9. Well begun is half done.
良好的开端是成功的一半。
10. A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。
11. All roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
12. Rome was not built in a day.
罗马不是一日建成的。（伟业非一日之功。）
13. Something is learned every time a book is opened.
开卷有益。
14. Easier said than done.
说起来容易做起来难。
15. Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
16. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
17. It’s never too old to learn.
活到老，学到老。
18. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行，始于足下。
19. Actions speak louder than words.
行动胜过语言。
20. Do as Romans do in Rome.
入乡随俗。
21. Time flies never to be recalled.
光阴一去不复返。
22. No pains, no gains.
不劳则无获。
23. It’s never too late to mend.
亡羊补牢，犹未晚也。
24. Reading makes a full man.
读书使人完善。
25. Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
26. Failure is the mother of success.
失败是成功之母。
27. Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
切莫过于乐观。
28. Many hands make light work.
人多力量大。
29. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.
今日事今日毕。
30. East or west, home is best.
金窝银窝，不如自家的狗窝。
五、2017、2018浙江省中考常见书面表达例题及范文
（一）观点表达类
（2018·温州中考）如今，国内外很多孩子在父母的安排下没有了自己的周末，如下图中的Jack。请分析图中的这种现象并谈谈你的看法，以“Weekend or Not?”为题写一篇约110词的英语短文向Parents杂志投稿，让父母们通过阅读你的文章能有所启发。
注意：文中若出现“Jack”以外的人名或任何学校名称，该作文得分不超过12分。One possible version:
Weekend or Not?
Jack has to attend lots of classes at weekends. He has little time for his
favorite sport—soccer. Still, his parents are pushing him to do more math exercises, which worries him a lot.
Nowadays, many students are under much pressure like Jack. Their parents believe it necessary for them to make full use of the weekends and learn as much as possible. As a result, some students are stressed out and therefore lose interest in learning anything. What is worse, they may not be able to learn to manage their own life.
I do hope all the children can have the freedom to choose what they like to do and enjoy their weekends.
（二）写人叙事类
（2017·台州中考）某英文网站正举办主题为“Independence”的征文活动。假如你是张华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿。短文必须结合你的亲身经历，描述与独立这一优秀品质相关的一件事情，并谈谈它给你带来的影响及感受。
注意：（1）词数：80—100；（2）短文开头仅供选择使用，不计入总词数；（3）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名等相关信息。
短文开头：I still remember ...
Possible version 1:
For me, independence means making my own decisions.
Once my friends were in a fight. I liked them all equally, but they required me to choose one side. I felt really lost at first! Many solutions came. Later, another idea occurred to me that I should end their fight without taking sides. After all were present, I said I missed times when all of us played together. I wished they could make up and get past it. They realized how much I cared about them. They said sorry to each other and were friends again.
My right decision brought joy back into our lives again. There will be a more rewarding experience for each if one tries to be true to oneself.
Possible version 2:
I still remember the moment I got on the train.
Earlier one summer vacation, I joined in the summer camping in Shanghai. When I told my parents I wanted to go there by myself, they said yes. And it put a big smile on my face. My parents are always ready to give me a hand. I was so glad that I didn’t have to follow them everywhere all the time.
Although this was the first time I left home alone, I believed that the more we practiced being independent, the easier it would become.
（三）回信回邮件类
（2017·台州中考）假如你是张华，以下是你友好结对学校Maple Knoll High School 的好友Andrew发给你的一封电子邮件，请你根据该邮件内容给Andrew回复并提出你自己的问题。
注意：（1）请回复邮件中所提及的两个问题，可适当发挥；（2）邮件中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；（3）词数：80—100；（4）短文开头仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
短文开头：Hi, Andrew, glad to hear from you. It’s important for us to prepare for senior high school.
One possible version:
（四）讨论、调查汇报类
（2017·绍兴中考）你校英语社团正在开展主题为“How do students find study partners?”的讨论，为此你采访了一些学生。请你根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文进行交流，并说明你自己的方式及理由。
注意：（1）短文必须包括表中所有内容，可适当增加细节；（2）你的理由至少两条；（3）词数：80—100；（4）短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：学伴 study partner；方便的 convenient
短文首句：I have recently done a survey about how students find study partners. One possible version:
I have recently done a survey about how students find study partners.
Some students find study partners through the Internet. They believe it’s convenient to find partners to study with online. Besides, they can get help from study partners whenever necessary. Some students prefer to join clubs to find study partners so that they can share experience face to face. What’s more, they think working out problems together helps learn more easily.
As for me, I’d like to get study partners by going to summer camp because I can learn something new while having fun. Also, it’s a good way to learn how to get on well with others.
（五）合理选择类
（2017·嘉兴中考）学校将举办“A Summer for Better English”活动。请你从下面
的推荐书单中选择2本想阅读的书刊，然后用英语写一篇短文说明你的选择意向及理由，在学校的English Corner分享。
注意：（1）必须从书单中选择2本书刊，并阐述理由；（2）文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息；（3）词数：80—100。短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
短文首句：To improve our English, the school has given a list of books for us to read this summer.
One possible version:
To improve our English, the school has given a list of books for us to read this summer. Of all the suggested books, I have decided to choose Secrets of English Words and Time for Kids.
The first one is a book which may help use English words better. By reading this book, I will surely learn more new words. This will make my future study much easier. Time for Kids is a popular magazine specially written for students, in which I will read interesting stories and have a taste of teen life abroad. So it must be great fun reading it.
By being part of this activity, I am expecting a big step forward in my English.
当堂检测
A（2018·诸暨中考模拟）
中考临近，部分九年级学生面临较大的升学压力。为此，你班开展了以“How to spend time happily and meaningfully?”为主题的交流活动。请根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文，汇报你班同学的观点及理由，并提出你的观点及理由。
要求：（1）短文必须包括表格所提供的所有信息，可适当增加细节；（2）提出你的观点及理由；（3）词数：80—100；（4）短文开头仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
短文开头：The students in our class had a heated discussion on how to spend time happily and meaningfully. Here are the results.
B（衢州中考）
你校将举行“校园之星（Campus Star）”评选活动，各班就“校园之星”的评选标准展开了讨论。以下是你班同学的部分观点，请将这些观点进行整理，并结合你自己的想法，写一篇发言稿参加学生会评选委员会的讨论。
注意：（1）发言稿应包括表中信息，可适当发挥，但不要逐字翻译；（2）开头已给出（不计入总词数），你只需接着写；（3）文章中不得出现真实的人名和校名；（4）词数：80—100。
Hello, everybody!I’m very glad to be here to share our opinions on “Campus Star” with you. As a star, he/she
Thank you!
C
足够的睡眠时间对学生来说很重要，然而调查显示，许多学生睡眠时间不足。请根据图
示内容，简要指出学生睡眠不足的原因并提出建议。
要求：（1）要点齐全，并适当发挥；（2）词数：80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
It’s important for students to have enough sleeping time. However,
参考答案
当堂检测
A
One possible version:
The students in our class had a heated discussion on how to spend time happily and meaningfully. Here are the results.
Most students think reading good books is a good way because they can open up their mind and relax themselves. Besides, they agree they should do sports in their spare time. They believe it can help them reduce their pressure and make their bodies stronger. What’s more, they think they are supposed to make more friends and share sadness and happiness with each other.
From my point of view, it’s necessary for us to travel around with our parents so that we can improve the relationships with them. Also, we can take up some hobbies
which can make our life more meaningful.
B
One possible version:
Hello, everybody!I’m very glad to be here to share our opinions on “Campus Star” with you. As a star, he/she should be an honest person first. He is also polite and ready to help others any time. Second, a Campus Star should be not only a top student but also a good learner. He studies hard, and makes great progress every term. Third, a star should have wide interests. He takes an active part in sports and other activities. And he is popular at school.
In my opinion, a Campus Star must be a green person. He loves nature. He takes care of the trees and grass around him and tries his best to protect the environment. That’s all. Thank you!
C
One possible version:
It’s important for students to have enough sleeping time. However, many of them don’t have enough time to sleep.
There are different reasons for it. Some students often spend too much time on computer games so that they don’t go to bed early. Some students have bad sleeping habits. They often drink too much tea or coffee before going to bed. This makes them too excited to fall asleep.
In order to get enough sleep, we should keep away from computer games. We shouldn’t stay up too late. What’s more, we can drink hot milk instead of coffee or listen to soft music before we go to bed, which can help us have a sweet sleep.
In a word, if we make good use of t ime and form good habits, we’ll have enough sleeping time. Then we’ll be happier and healthier.
(2020整理)中考英语复习九下Unit1导学案
9下Unit 1 基础训练部分 一、记忆训练部分 （一）重点词汇梳理 1 爬台阶climb the steps 2 继续前进keep moving 3 中国的首都the capital of China 4 值得参观be well worth a visit 5 把……变成……turn…into… 6 看升国旗watch the raising of the national flag 7 它绵延6000多公里it runs for over 6000 kilomtres 8 每隔几百米every few hundred metres 9 世界上奇迹之一one of the wonders of the world 10 于各种形状耸立着stand in different shapes 11 被誉为……be praised as 12 乘船游漓江take a boat trip along the Lijiang River 13 中国园林Chinese garden 14 占有四分之三的面积take up three quarters of the area 15 离开……去……leave ...for… 16 在……的两边on either/each side of… 17 去滑雪go skiing 18 提供高质量的服务provide a high level of service 19 在东南亚in South East Asia 20 第二大人口the second largest population （二）重点句子梳理 1 长城真壮观，不是吗？The Great wall is amazing, isn’t it? 2 爬台阶真累人，我的脚也磨疼了。It’s tiring to climb the steps, and my feet hurt. 3 故宫里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍 宝，非常值得一游。With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit. 4 许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里Many tourists like to gather there early in
中考英语总复习公开课教案
中考英语总复习公开课教案 教学目标：复习名词的用法 教学重点和难点：名词的分类，名词的单复数，不可数名词、专有名词、名词所有格、名词或“数词+名词”作定语的用法、主谓一致。 能力要求：能区分可数名词与不可数名词并识记名词复数的变化规则； 能够正确使用‘’s所有格、of所有格及双重所有格； 能够掌握名词作定语的几种特殊情况； 能够在具体的语境中正确判断、区别、使用课标所规定的名词及名称短语。 教学方法：采用多媒体课件，教师主导，以练为主、讲练结合 教学过程： Step1 Review(归纳复习) 18分钟 1. 先介绍中考考试说明中关于名词所考查的主要方面。即名词的单复数、不可数名词、专有名词、名词所有格、名词或“数词+名词”作定语的用法。 2. 介绍名词的定义。 3. 介绍名词的分类： (1) 按名词性质分：普通名词和专有名词。 (2) 普通名词分为：可数名词和不可数名词 4. 可数名词的单数形式（由学生归纳） 在名词前加a和an， 以辅音音素开头的名词前加 a 如：a book， 以元音音素开头的名词前加an如：an egg 当名词前有形容词修饰时，要看形容词开头字母的发音，而不是看名词，如an interesting book 和a red apple. 注：以下字母虽然是辅音字母，但却是以元音音素开头的， f, h, l, m, n, r, s x. 如：There is an “m”in the word “milk”. 5. 名词的复数形式（抽查提问学生） 规则变化：(1). 一般情况在词尾＋s; 如：book- books (2).以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词＋es;如：bus- buses box-boxes watch- watches wish-wishes (3).以辅音字母加y 结尾的：把y变为i再加es; 如：story-stories (4).以f或fe结尾的：把f或fe变为v再加es; 如：leaf-leaves knife- knives (5).以o结尾的词，如: hero-heroes；Negro-Negroes；tomato-tomatoes；potato-potatoes 但 photo—photos; zoo—zoos 可数名词的复数不规则变化(学生归纳) man--men; woman--women; 但German--Germans foot--feet; tooth-teeth child--children; mouse--mice; goose-geese(鹅); deer--deer; sheep--sheep Chinese--Chinese; Japanese--Japanese; Frenchman--Frenchmen; Englishman--Englishmen
最新2020中考体育各考试项目训练攻略
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3.落地缓冲：收腹举腿，小腿往前伸，同时双臂用力往后摆动，并屈膝落地缓冲。要点：小腿前伸的时机把握好，曲腿前伸臂后摆，落地后往前不往后。 02 掷实心球 1.握球和持球握球的方法：两手十指自然分开把球放在两手中间，两手的食指、中指、无名指和小指放在球的两侧将球夹持，(男生两食指接触，女生两食指中间距离为1-2厘米)，两大拇指紧扣在球的后上方成"八"字，以保持球的稳定。握球后，两手下垂自然置于身体前下方，这样可以节省力量，在预摆时增大摆动幅度，握球和持球时应注意：①球应握稳，两臂肌肉放松;②在动作过程中能控制好球并有利于充分发挥两臂、手指和手腕的力量。 2.预备姿势两脚前后开立，前脚掌离起掷线约20-30厘米，前后脚距离约一脚掌，左右脚间距离半脚掌，后脚脚跟稍微离地，两手持球自然，身体肌肉放松，重心落在两脚中间偏前，眼睛看前上方。然后再抛出去。 3.预摆预摆是为最后用力提高实心球的初速度创造良好条件，预
摆次数因人而定，一般是一至二次，当最后一次预摆时，此时球依次是从前下方经过胸前至头后上方，加速球的摆速，此时上体后仰，身体形成反弓形，同时吸气。 4.最后用力最后用力是投掷实心球的主要环节，动作是否正确直接影响球的初速度及抛球角度。最后用力动作是当预摆结束时两手握球用力积极从后上方向前上方前摆，此时的动作特点是蹬腿、送髋、腰腹急震用力，两臂用力前摆并向前拨指和腕，旨在提高手臂的鞭打速度。 03 跳绳 1.跳绳的长度：单脚踩住绳，两端拉到胸口到肚脐眼的位置。 2.握绳的方法：握在绳柄中后端。再者两手心不可朝上，尽量向下或者相对、手心朝下更能发力。 3.手上技术要点：两手上臂贴近身体，手腕用力。减少绳运行周长。
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2020年攀枝花中考体育项目及考试评分标准详细说明.doc
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中心城区(包含成都天府新区、成都高新区、锦江区、青羊区、金牛区、武侯区、成华区、龙泉驿区、青白江区、双流区、温江区、郫都区、新都区)每区设一个考点并由各区统一组织实施，做到考试场地条件统一(长跑统一在标准400米塑胶跑道上进行，测试一次)、测试标准统一、测试仪器(立定跳远、坐位体前屈)统一。 因身体等原因申请缓考的，由各区(市)县统一安排一次补考。在考试当天因临时伤病不能参加或未能完成体育考试的，可申请参加补考(考生若申请补考，则本人已考的所有项目成绩作废，补考时重新进行所有项目的考试)。 附：中阶段教育学校统一招生体育考试立定跳远、坐位体前屈、长跑测试评分表 二、攀枝花中考最新相关新闻考试科目 考试科目为语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、政治、历史、生物、地理、实验操作（物理、化学、生物）、体育。其中生物、地理考试已于2018年6月完成。 考试成绩计分 语文、数学、英语各120分，政治、历史、物理、化学、生物、地理各100分，实验操作30分（物理、化学、生物各10分），体育60分。 升学成绩：总分＝语文＋数学＋英语＋物理的90%+化学的80%+（政治+历史）的35%+（生物+地理）的30%+实验操作的50%+体育，满分735分。 毕业成绩：各学科成绩按A、B、C、D等级形式呈现。 考试时间
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