阅读常见基础词汇近义词对照
小学语文必会基础知识近义词和反义词汇总
近义词单字类观──看寒──冷舟──船暖──热鸣──叫入──进归──回遥──远瞅──看藏──躲绝──尽叫──喊望──看看──瞧铺──展去──往词语类来回──往返立刻──马上赶快──赶紧突然──忽然寒冷──严寒坚决──果断恐惊──恐惧暗香──幽香荒芜──荒凉得意──自得听见──闻声农夫──农民慈祥──慈爱飞翔──翱翔详细──具体每天──天天赛过──胜过好像──似乎闻名──著名满意──满足新居──新房捕获──捕捉海疆──海域天涯──天边结实──坚固遇到──碰到轻巧──轻便整齐──整洁证明──证实评比──评选注意──注重供应──供给辛苦──辛劳认识──熟悉预报──预告舒畅──愉快立刻──连忙突然──忽然四周──四面精彩──出色笨重──粗笨直立──竖立听从──服从绝技──特技附近──四周惊叹──赞叹柔美──优美洒脱──潇洒疾驰──奔驰奇丽──秀丽淘气──调皮著名──闻名震惊──震动预测──猜测特殊──特别小扣──轻敲相宜──适宜毕竟──究竟陶醉──沉醉苏醒──清醒恬静──舒适寄居──借居恐惧──惧怕轻微──稍微仍旧──仍然清晰──清楚哀求──请求贵重──珍贵挺秀──挺拔抚摸──抚摩特别──特殊依赖──依靠纯熟──熟练幽静──清幽陌生──生疏安顿──安置挽救──拯救天涯──天际颤动──颤抖自在──安闲打扮──妆扮管理──治理判断──判定捕获──捕捉温和──暖和惊奇──惊异简朴──简单增援──支援关键──要害疲劳──疲惫惊疑──惊奇审视──审阅愣住──停住眺望──远望防备──防御抵挡──抵抗挖苦──讥讽疑惑──迷惑夸耀──炫耀轻蔑──轻视强盛──强大侮辱──欺侮严肃──严厉清澈──清亮打扰──打搅形状──外形悄悄──静静温和──温顺暴躁──急躁灌溉──浇灌淹没──沉没冲毁──冲垮灾害──灾难胜负──胜败气愤──生气告别──离别如果──假如准备──预备耀眼──刺眼光芒──光线美丽──漂亮洁白──雪白惊奇──惊异中央──中心宽阔──宽广矗立──耸立优美──美丽新颖──新奇庄严──庄重挣脱──摆脱常常──经常敏捷──灵敏摇晃──摇摆立刻──立即抵抗──反抗周围──四周舒服──舒适笑容──笑脸茂盛──繁茂长处──优点诚实──老实注意──留意高兴──兴奋打碎──打坏用心──专心著名──有名准确──正确训练──练习严肃──严厉容易──轻易智慧──聪明气魄──气势雄伟──宏伟凝结──凝聚偶尔──偶然舒展──伸展生机──生气掠过──擦过奇特──奇异安谧──静谧温暖──暖和战役──战争情谊──友谊刚强──坚强侦探──侦察看守──看管焦急──焦虑崎岖──坎坷温和──温顺劫难──灾难防备──预防无端──无故祭祀──祭奠允许──答应希奇──希罕家景──家境严峻──严重思索──思考镇定──镇静严峻──严肃糟蹋──糟践奇怪──希奇掌握──把握犹如──如同徐徐──渐渐凝视──注视环游──周游模仿──模拟吓唬──恐吓疲倦──倦怠惬意──舒服兴趣──爱好痛快──愉快继承──继续赏给──赐给挚友──好友感触──感慨寻常──平常信奉──信仰宣布──公布相称──相当违背──违反惊讶──惊奇赠送──赠予充满──布满特殊──非凡海内──国内四字类垂头丧气──没精打采全神贯注──聚精会神纤尘不染──一尘不染无边无涯──无边无际迷迷糊糊──模模糊糊情不自禁──不由自主赏心悦目──心旷神怡斗志昂扬──意气风发反义词单字类大──小多──少上──下左──右前──后冷──热高──低进──退黑──白天──地男──女里──外死──活公──私快──慢矛──盾宽──窄强──弱轻──重缓──急松──紧好──坏美──丑善──恶是──非闲──忙来──去分──合存──亡动──静浓──淡偏──正饥──饱爱──恨升──降开──关始──终胖──瘦迎──送盈──亏真──假虚──实有──无雅──俗是──否稀──密粗──细东──西巧──拙恩──怨新──旧正──邪通──堵止──行古──今张──弛曲──直亮──暗亲──疏收──放输──赢逆──顺苦──甜忠──奸纵──横得──失南──北薄──厚哭──笑文──武推──拉问──答主──仆买──卖深──浅聚──散干──湿彼──此生──熟单──双首──末你──我敌──有警──匪盛──衰胜──败加──减软──硬阴──阳顺──逆反──正祸──福信──疑错──对藏──露老──少断──续钝──锐浓──淡雌──雄醒──睡止──行咸──淡正──歪词语类正常──异常非凡──平凡特别──一般扫兴──高兴轻蔑──敬重开心──苦闷寻常──异常违背──遵循怀疑──相信强盛──衰败尊重──侮辱激烈──平静嘈杂──寂静美丽──丑陋信奉──背弃失信──守信率领──追随退化──进化凝结──溶解伟大──渺小聚拢──分散增添──减少活泼──呆板鲜艳──暗淡严寒──酷暑安谧──嘈杂温暖──凉爽柔和──严厉拒绝──同意清醒──糊涂荒芜──耕种清晰──浑浊坚强──软弱微云──浓云纯熟──生疏陌生──熟悉平坦──崎岖光滑──粗糙慎重──随便喜欢──厌恶痛快──难受幽静──喧闹崎岖──平坦刚强──软弱慌忙──镇定熟识──生疏伶俐──笨拙怕羞──大方镇定──慌张团结──分裂羞涩──大方严寒──炎热洒脱──拘谨明朗──阴沉沉重──轻盈迂回──径直清澈──浑浊脆弱──坚强饱满──干瘪衰弱──强健犹豫──坚定丰收──歉收复杂──简单淡妆──浓抹相宜──不宜自在──拘束平常──奇特勤劳──懒惰喜欢──讨厌密集──稀疏胜利──失败挺进──撤退宽敞──狭窄倾斜──竖直闻名──无名认识──陌生有趣──乏味舒畅──苦闷结束──开始紧张──轻松整齐──纷乱安全──危险撒谎──诚实慈祥──凶恶可爱──可恶紧张──轻松仔细──粗心附近──远方赞许──反对淡水──咸水高兴──难过飞快──缓慢精彩──平淡笨重──轻便紧张──松弛有趣──乏味听从──违抗诚实──虚伪承认──否认高兴──伤心起劲──没劲简单──复杂容易──困难熟练──生疏准确──错误温和──严厉暴躁──温和近处──远处气愤──欢喜粗心──细心美丽──丑陋洁白──乌黑高兴──痛苦宽阔──狭窄新款──陈旧兴旺──衰败团结──分裂敏捷──迟钝危险──安全常常──偶尔幼稚──老练含糊──清楚严重──轻微茂密──稀疏光明──黑暗微弱──强大杰出──平庸恶劣──良好灿烂──暗淡特殊──普通异常──平常简陋──豪华诚意──假意理屈──理直拒绝──接受惩罚──奖励迟延──提前示弱──逞强好心──恶意破碎──完整酥软──坚硬炎热──寒冷本文由作者精心整理，校对难免有瑕疵之处，欢迎批评指正，如有需要，请关注下载。
阅读常见的近义词总结.doc
阅读常见的近义词总结1. recognize 认出know, identify, pick out, tell2.field 领域area, branch, world, sphere3.inadequate 不足的not enough, too little, few, be short4. predict 预测anticipate, forecast, foretell, projected5.develop 发展，生长come from, derive from, originate, be based on 6. enable使能够allow, permit, pave the way for7. class 种类type, kind, category, variety8. strategy 方法，策略way, method, approach, techinique9. rehearsal 排练practice, training, run-through, exercise 10. combine 联合mix, whisk, dilute, beat11. reduce 减少decrease, drop, fall, cut12. purpose 目的aim, point, idea, object13. occur 发生happen, take place, there is, turn up 14. objective 客观的impartial, neutral, unbiased, disinterested 15. expand 扩张get bigger, grow, swell up, stretch16. comment 评论remark, point, statement, declaration17. situation 情况circumstance, position, case, plight18. include 包含consist of, comprise, be composed of 19. official 正式的formal, authorized, on record, ceremonial 20. pick out 认出identify, recognize, know, tell21. agree 同意concur, go along with, fall in with, go with 22. limit 限制minimize, the most, ceiling, maximum 23. significance 重要性impressive, meaning, sense24. different 独特的individual, vary, contrast with, diverse 25. devise 创造formulate, invent, create, come up with 26. new 新的，革命的original, innovation, fresh, revolutionary 27. divide 分开split, separate, break up, take apart28. create 发明invent, introduce, make sth, do sth29. invention 发明device, creation, innovation30. resemble 类似like, similar, alike, comparable, made up of。
公务员阅读理解近义词辨析大全
近义词辨析大全暧昧：含糊、不明朗，不光明磊落，不便告人。
暗昧：同“暧昧”。
还可表示不聪明，愚昧。
暴发：突然猛烈的发生或以不正当的手段发财。
如山洪、流行病、雪崩。
爆发：由于爆炸而突发或发生重大事变。
如战争、火山、革命、大笑。
辨正：辨明是非，纠正谬误。
如“辨正发音”，可写作“辩正”。
辨证：辨析考证，如“经学者多方辨证”。
亦为中医术语，“辨证医治”。
辩证：哲学术语，如“辩证唯物主义”。
亦同“辨证”第一义。
哺养：喂养，使长大。
抚养：抚育、照料并教养。
不至[不至于]：不会达到某种程度，如“决不至于不知道”。
不致[不致于]：不会引发某种后果，如“决不致犯错误”。
苍茫：多指夜色、水域、大地等旷远、迷茫。
引申为模糊不清。
苍莽：多指树林、山岭、大地等广阔无边。
引申为意境心胸开阔。
长年：一年到头，整年。
如“长年积雪”、“长年劳作”。
常年：终年、常期，如“常年坚持体育活动”。
平常年份，如“常年产量200斤”。
陈规：过时的、不适用的规章制度，如“陈规陋习”。
成规：现行或行之已久的规则、方法，如“墨守成规”。
弛缓：放松、缓和，如“紧张的情绪慢慢~~下来。
迟缓：缓慢，与”迅速”相对，如“~~地迈着步子”。
处世：指人事交往、参加社会活动，“~稳健”、“为人~”。
处事：办事、处理事务，如“~认真，从不马虎”。
醇厚：口味纯正浓厚；亦用于人的品质或风俗，此时同“淳厚”。
淳厚[纯厚]：只指品质风俗质朴敦厚。
伺候[ci.hou]:可用于人，不分地位高低；也可用于牲畜等。
侍候：用于对长辈或地位高者。
窜改：对文本、文件、成语、古籍等的改动。
篡改：用作伪的手段改动历史、理论、政策等。
度过：用于时间方面。
渡过：用于有水面的空间；难点、危机、困难时期。
法制：名词，法律制度。
法治：名词或动词，依法终古治国的思想、方法妨害：使受损害。
如“妨害健康”、“妨害要表达的义理”。
妨碍：使不能顺利进行，如“妨碍交通”、“妨碍政策的实施”。
分辩：辩白、解释，如“不由分辩”、“不和你分辩”。
阅读——近义词、反义词
阅读——近义词、反义词第一篇：阅读——近义词、反义词阅读阅读是识字的重要途径，有利于提高识字质量；能够进行听说读写的综合训练，提高听话，说话和作文能力;能够获得多方面的知识，发展思维，提高认识，受到思想品德教育和美的熏陶。
小学阶段，阅读训练的目的是培养阅读能力和良好的阅读习惯，其基本要求是：掌握学过的常用词语，理解句子的意思，能给课文分段，归纳段落大意，概括课文的主要内容和中心思想；学习观察事物、思考问题和表达思想的方法；能正确，流利，有感情地朗读课文，比较熟练的默读课文，能背诵或复述指定的课文；能读懂适合少年儿童的书报，养成良好的阅读习惯。
（一）词汇词汇，是一种语言里所有词的总称。
也指一个人所掌握的词或一本书里所学的词。
语文课本里出现的词，就是这套语文课本的词汇。
小学词汇教学的要求是：正确读出和写出学过的词语，懂得词语的意思，注意积累词语并能在口头和书面表达中正确运用；学习联系上下文理解词语，特别是含义深刻的词语，要理解它们在课文中的意思和对表达思想感情的作用。
复习时，要着重复习同义词、反义词、多义词和熟语等。
1.同义词意思相同或相近的词叫同义词。
恰当的使用同义词，可以把思想感情表达得更确切，细致，使语言丰富多彩，避免用词单调重复。
近义词的意思相近，但有种种细微的差别，在运用时一般不能互相代替。
因此，运用时要仔细分辨。
分辨可从以下几个方面进行：（1）分辨词义范围。
如“事情”和“事件”意义相近，但“事情”是指人们生活中的一切活动和所遇到的一切现象，而“事件”是指已经发生过的不平常的大事，“事情”所指的范围比较大，类似的例子：时期——期间，战争——战役等。
（2）分辨词义轻重。
如“损坏”和“毁坏”都有“把东西弄坏的意思”但“损坏”是“使事物失去原来的使用效能”的意思，事物被破坏的程度没有达到彻底的、不可收拾的地步；而“毁坏”是“破坏”的意思，指事物受到毁灭性的破坏。
“损坏”语意较轻，“毁坏”语意较重。
100 个阅读同义替换
100 个阅读同义替换第一组：1.rigid/stiff/unchanged/little change 僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/ crucial/巨大的,明显的，程度大的3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost4.proportion/percentage 比例5.be involved (in)/involve in/involvement[n.]涉及，卷入，参与6.given/considering , in regard to/despite/although 有鉴于、考虑到，尽管7.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce/deductive 推断8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/exhaust–exhaust emission (尾气)排放/exploitplex 错综复杂的/complicated/sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的10.capacity 能力，容量/competence(竞争)能力/ability 能力(笼统的)第二组：11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ensure (insure)/guarantee 押金12.solely/merely/only13.a vast array of 系列/a great variety of 花样，品种/a great rang 系列of14.pesticide 杀虫/suicide 自杀/homicide/murder 杀人15.believe/assume(responsibility)/suppose16.授权，委托：authorize/commission 佣金/entitle 头衔+ment =right (权利)17.purchase/buy18. ethnic 种族的/ethic 伦理，道德的+ s =[n]19. modify/change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]20. insight/knowledge/learning/understanding/knowing第三组：21.网恋：virtual love/cyber love22.网友：on-line/net/cyberfriend上网(聊天)chat on line/go on-line cyber café/网吧22.evolve-evolution 进化/revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/involve-involution 卷入，涉及24. indicator/predictor 表示诠释，预测25.indicate/demonstrate/display/exhibit/betray26.therapist/expert/specialist27. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/merit/virtue/length28. commonest/frequent29. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/underdeveloped30. 退化：degenerate；generate 生产，制造；degrad grade 等级；deteriorate恶化，每况愈下第四组：31.分类：category-categorize/class-classify32.consequence 后果，影响；subsequence 紧跟其后；sequence=order 秩序；frequency 频率33.clash 冲突(民族，种族)；crash 飞机坠毁33. substitution；substitute sth for sb/replace35.alternative 选择性，代替性，辅助性36.孤立：isolate/alienate/insulate 隔绝，排外，孤立；be alien to/insulate 绝缘，隔(体)37.缺点，不足之处：defect/flaw/failing/disadvantage/drawback38.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive/innovative)/creative/ingenious/novel/creative/revolutionary (易错拼写：environment/convenient)39.neutral 中立的，中性的/negative 否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的40.ambiguous,ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure第五组：municate 沟通，传达，通报42.accommodate1 供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4 使…停靠mitment1 ~ to sth. 奉献2 责任,义务44.contribute to 导致result in/account for(占据)导致45.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/insufficient/deficient/lack (of)/short(of) 明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently 道貌岸然的/obviously=>evidently46.对…怀疑：(be)/skeptical/skeptical/dubious/suspicious (about/of)47.缺点，缺陷：drawback/fault/defect/imperfection/failing/weakness/shortcoming/flaw48.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/flagrant/smelly/odorous49.机构，组织：association/structure/organization50.超过：exceed/surpass第六组：51.岩浆：molten rock/lava/magma52.语言：linguist 学家/lingual 和......有关的/bilingual/双语53.多种多样的：diversity/variety/breed/species54.dialect 方言accent 腔调55.开始的，初步的：begin/launch/initial首字母，开始的/initiate 开始，发动initiative 原创性origin56.贫穷：poor/in poverty/impoverished( 被剥夺财产的)57.杰出：eminence (-t)/prominence(-t)/unusual58.gene/genetic defect 缺陷/anatomy 解剖/conceive 构思，怀孕/deliver 分娩59.辅助性：alternative 补充性/therapist60.演绎，推理：deduce，deductive/inferential ，induce 引导，引入，归纳induction 归纳第七组：61.令人困惑的：bewildering/puzzling/perplexing62.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于63.subsidize 辅助/subsidy 补助，补贴/subsidiary64.a factor in sth/depend on sth65.be preferred by/choice66.attitude to/how67.the present century/modern society68. 强调：emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate on69.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管70. small-scale 小范围/marginal 边缘处的第八组：71. physical/medical72.negotiation/agreement 谈判，洽谈/商定，协议73.evolve/develop 来源：壹壹英语74.apartment/accommodation 公寓/住房75.virtual (love)/simulate 模拟的(网恋)/模拟76.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难，不幸77.innovate/invent 革新，创新/发明，创造78.sculpture/craft 雕刻，雕塑/工艺77.exorbitant/expensive 过度的，极高的/费用大的，昂贵的79. be participant in/take part in/participate inbour[美，澳]/work第九组：81.attend to/take care of82.dual employment/dual-worker 双职工(家庭)83.indicate/predict 指示，表明，象征/预料，预言A major contributor to/be central to 来源，起点/是…的主要，中心原因84.expert/therapist 专家，能手;知识丰富的/某个专科的专家85.lead to/be associated with 相联系(带来…的好处)86.balanced/equitable 平等的87.handicap/disabled/primitive 残疾的，落后的88. could not-and cannot/has always been unable to by/from89.benefit/advantage90.substantialinfluence/greater likelihood第十组：91.agree on/define92.considereddesirable/effectiveness93.masquerade/(in) disguise 伪装94.insignificant/didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的95.inspect/examine 审核,检查96.caliber/criterion 标准97.no-one know，notorious 无人知晓，臭名昭著的98.dissatisfy/argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌99.pessimism/negative/blue 悲观的，忧郁的，optimistic 乐观的100.unsatisfactory/hardly be looked upon。
阅读理解常见同义替换词
阅读理解常见同义替换词1、处理：resolve=handle=tackle=deal with=cope with=dispose=address2、繁荣：prosperous=flourish=boom(繁荣)→loom(朦胧)→gloom(忧郁，阴暗)→doom(末日)3、首位：predominance=primary=primitive=primacy4、源于：origin=come from=be from=originate from=stem from=evolve from=derive from5、合并：merger and acquisition=consolidation=concentration6、相关：relevant=related=A has sth.to do with B7、财产：property=real estate=estate=asset8、精确：precision=accuracy9、创新：thinking ability=critical thinking=creative=innovation10、认为合理：think proper=logical thinking11、推理：reasoning=logical thought=thought12、大众文化：popular culture=common culture13、文化力：cultural power=assimilating power14、阻止：prevent=hinder=refrain=deter15、法官：judge=Justice16、忧虑：apprehension=worry=anxiety=depression=gloomy=frustration17、人：mind(有才智的人;精英)=people=individual18、信心：faith=confidence=assertiveness19、斥责：dismiss=rebuke=criticize20、tap(开发)：tap the market=explore the market=expand the market21、处理：resolve=handle=tackle=deal with=cope with=dispose=address22、繁荣：prosperous=flourish=boom23、合并：merger and acquisition=consolidation=concentration24、转变，转换：alter=change=transform=shift=switch=modify=convert=vary25、替换：replace=substitute=displace=change26、首位：predominance=primary=primitive=primacy27、参加：attendance=join in=take part in=participate(participant参与者)=be present at28、强调：stress=highlight=emphasize=underline29、增加：increase=rise=raise=boost=skyrocket=advance=progress=improve=grow=enh ance=soar=develop30、数据：data=statistics=figure31、复杂：complicated=mixed=complex=perplex=intricate=sophisticated=confused32、影响：impact=affect=influence33、压力：stress=pressure=press=strain34、政客：politician=statesman35、特点：feature=characteristic=trait36、改革：reform=revolution37、心情：mood=emotion=atmosphere38、愤怒：rage=outrage=grievance=indignation39、怀疑：skeptical=suspicious40、奇怪：weird=odd=peculiar=strange41、多样：various=diverse42、直接：frank=straight=directly43、模糊：dim=vague=obscure=loom44、营养不良：malnutrition=under-nutrition45、忍受：stand=bear(反义：withstand(反抗))46、薪水：salary=pay=wage=emolument47、花费：expenses=income=revenue=gain=earning48、津贴：subsidy=pension=allowance49、高贵：noble=royal(区别：loyal忠诚)50、谦卑：humble51、告示：announcement=notice=poster=bulletin52、限制：limit=restrict=constrict=discipline=confine=hold back=scale back=curb on(遏制)53、地位：status=rank54、可用的：usable=available=applicable=leisure(空闲的)55、偏见：bias=prejudice=discrimination=inequality56、加强：promote=facilitate=enhance=strengthen=reinforce57、顾客：customer=client=consumer=guest58、信息：information=message=data=figure=statistics59、故意：deliberately=intentionally=purposely=on/in purpose60、吸引：appeal=attract=fascinate=tempt61、地区：regions=scope=range=sphere(势力范围)62、观察：perceive=observe63、公平，公正：fair(fairness)=impartial=just=unbiased=disinterested64、保护：protect=guard=safeguard=defend(defendant辩护，被告)=shield65、生产：yield=manufacturer=generate66、脆弱：vulnerable=weak=feeble=fragile=susceptible67、关于：concerning=in terms of=with respect to68、谋生：earn one's living=make one's living =live off69、遵守：comply with=conform to70、培养：nurture=foster=cultivate71、奇怪：weird=odd=peculiar=strange72、模糊：dim=vague=obscure=loom73、薪水：salary=pay=wage=emolument74、津贴：subsidy=pension=allowance75、告示：announcement=notice=poster=bulletin76、痛苦：misery(miserable)=suffering=pain=unpleasant=grief=grievance(还有“不满，愤怒”之意)77、迷惑的，欺骗的：misleading=confusing=deceptive=unrealistic=misrepresentative=false78、不清楚的，不确定的：unclear=uncertain=doubtful=undecided=unsure=in doubt=vague=ambiguous79、认为：argue=maintain=allege=insist=affirm=hold=think=suppose80、表明：show=prove=illustrate=demonstrate=confirm=indicate=establish=suggest=rev eal=uncover=disclose=make known81、招收：enroll=employ=take on=enlist=draft(征募)=engage(聘用)=conscript=sign up=enroll=hire=recruit=select(选拔)82、供给：supply=stock=provide=furnish=feed=provision83、怀疑的：doubtful=suspicious=questionable=dubious=skeptical84、难以置信地：incredibly=unbelievably85、保护：protect=defend=guard=shelter=shield=preserve86、例外：exception=exclusion87、自然地：naturally=certainly=surely=indeed(反义是artificially(人工地))88、全体人员：personnel=staff=faculty(全体教员)=crew=workers89、适当地，正确地：properly=appropriately=suitably=correctly90、源于：derive from=originate from=stem from=come from91、完全地，彻底地：completely=entirely=utterly=fully=altogether=thoroughly=absolutely=perfectly= totally92、方面，外观：aspect=appearance=look=view93、性格，品质：character=quality=personality=nature94、无意识的：unconscious=unaware=absent-minded=unintentional95、描述：describe=portray=represent=picture96、一致的：consensus=consistent=unanimous=coherent97、商品：commodity=merchandise=purchase(购置物)98、小册子：brochure=booklet=pamphlet99、遗传，继承：inherit=heritage=legacy=successor100、传统的：conventional=traditional=orthodox=used to do101、损害：impair=damage=ruin=harm102、显然的：conspicuous=obvious=evident103、反驳：refute=retort=contradict104、庄严：solemn=sacred=majesty105、更新，恢复：renovate=revive=refresh=rejuvenate=regain=restore106、转变：alter=change=transform=shift=switch=modify=convert107、数据：data=statistics=figure108、大的：giant=massive=tremendous=dramatic109、复杂：complicated=mixed=complex=confused110、安乐死：mercy killing=euthanasia=physician-assisted suicide111、重要：vital=critical=crucial=essential=significant112、充足的：ample=affluent=plentiful=sufficient=superfluous=abundant=adequate113、假冒，模仿：simulate=imitate=disguise=mock=forge=hypocrisy=pattern 114、渗透：permeate=penetrate=saturate115、租：lease=rent=tenant=hire116、暂时的，临时的：temporary=transient=interim=tentative=briefly117、气味：scent=odor=fragrant=perfume118、腐败，侵蚀：corrode=rot=decay=corrupt=stale=degenerate119、退：repel=recede=retreat=retire120、鄙视：contempt=despise=scorn=disdain=look down upon121、波动：swing=sway=vibrate=fluctuate122、微不足道的：negligible=trivial=insignificant123、脆的，易碎的：fragile=brittle=crisp=delicate124、杰出的：prominent=eminent=renowned125、要回，索取：reclaim=refund=retrieve=withdraw126、附属：affiliate=appendix=auxiliary127、活力的：energetic=robust=vigorous=brisk=dynamic128、讽刺：satire=sarcastic=irony129、声誉：reputation=celebrity=fame=prestige130、隐伏的：underlying=implicit=latent=loom=potential131、工作：vocation=occupation=pursuit132、治疗：remedy=therapy=medication133、开始：commence=outset=threshold134、管理：supervise=administrate=manage=regulate135、枯燥的：tedious=monotonous136、迅速的：swift=prompt=instant137、堆：heap=stack=pile138、养育：nourish=nurture=rear=foster139、可能：likelihood=possibility=potentiality140、真正的：authentic=genuine=real141、固有的：inherent=intrinsic=innate=inborn142、原始的：primitive=primeval=incipient143、剩余的：remainder=surplus=redundant=remnant=excess144、依靠：rely on=count on=depend on145、特点：feature=characteristic=trait146、因此：thus=whereby=therefore=hence=accordingly=consequently147、心情：mood=emotion=atmosphere148、焦虑：anxiety(anxious)=depression(depressed)=gloomy=frustration(frustrated)149、愤怒：rage=outrage=grievance=indignation150、高兴：happy=light-hearted=joy=relived151、限制：limit=restrict=constrict=discipline=confine=hold back=scale back=curb on152、偏见：bias=prejudice=discrimination=inequality153、发行：issue=release=distribute=launch154、会议：conference=meeting=convention155、结束：fulfill=finish=accomplish=carry out=achieve=complete156、精确：accuracy=precision157、加强：promote=facilitate=enhance=strengthen=reinforce158、前景：prospect=future=expectation=outlook159、公司：enterprise=firm=company=corporation(区别：cooperation合作)160、抱怨：complain=moan=groan161、有希望的：promising=hopeful=brightenings162、责备：condemn=blame163、谋生：earn one’s living=make one’s living=live off 164、换句话说：put another way=in other words165、培养：foster=cultivate=nurture(区别：nature自然)。
考研英语阅读重点词及词组同义替换合集
考研英语阅读核心同义词汇、 词组替换汇总表示“财产”同义词：propertyreal estateestateasset表示“创新”同义词：thinking ability critical thinking creativelnnovat1on表示“认为合理”同义词：think properlo隍cal thinking表示“推理”同义词：Reasoninglo隍cal thought thought表示“大众文化”同义词：popular culture common culture表示“文化力量”同义词：cultural power assimilating power表示“阻止“同义词：preventhinderrefraindeter表示“法官”同义词：j udgeJustice表示“忧虑“同义词：apprehension worryanxiety depression gloomy frustration表示“人“同义词：min d（才智人精英）people individual表示“信心”同义词：faith confidence assertiveness表示“斥责“同义词：dismissrebukecnt1c1ze表示“开发市场”同义词：tap the market explore the market expand the market表示“处理”同义词：resolvehandletackledeal with 表示“参加“同义词：cope with 4 attendancedispose 住lommaddress -take part in表示“繁荣“同义词：4-participate (participant参与prosperous 者）flourish 4 be present atboom 表示“强调“同义词：表示“合并“同义词：屯stressmerger and acquisition � highlight consolidation 4 emphasize concentration 4 underline表示“转变、转换“同义词：表示“增加“同义词：alter 4 increasechange 4.risetransform 汪ra i seshift 4 boostswitch 4 sk y rocketmodif y 4 advanceconvert 屯growsvary 芍enhance表示“替换“同义词：屯soarreplace 4-developsubstitute 表示“数据“同义词：displace 4-datachange 社statistics表示“首位”同义词：4-fi gu re predominance 表示“复杂“同义词：primary 4-complicatedp n．m1．t1． ve 4 mixedpr i macy -complexperplexlntr1cate sophisticated confused表示“影响“同义词：impactaffect influence表示“压力”同义词：stress pressure pressstrain表示“政客”同义词：politician statesman表示“特点“同义词：feature characteristic trait表示“改革”同义词：reform revolution表示“心情”同义词：mood emotion atmosphere表示“愤怒“同义词：rage outrage grievanceindi gn ation表示“限制”同义词：limitrestrictconstrictdisciplineconfinehold backscale backcurb on（遏制）表示“可用“同义词：usableavailableapplicableleisur e (空闲）表示“授予“同义词：grantaward表示“交易”同义词：dealtradeexchange transaction表示“保守“同义词：ive ( conservative (conservation保存）traditionalcustom表示“故意”同义词：deliberately intentionallypur pos elyon/in purpose表示“作为“同义词：serve asfunction as表示“谨慎“同义词：prudentcautiousdiscreetscrupulouswaryalert表示“不清楚，不确定“同义词：unclearuncertaindoubtfulundecidedunsurein doubtva gu eambi gu ous表示“经常，通常“同义词：oftenmore often than not（往往，多半）every so often frequentlyusuallyover and over againtime and againrepeatedlyhabituallyregularly表示“认为“同义词：ar gu emaintainallegeinsistaffirmholdthinksuppose表示“表明“同义词：showproveillustrate demonstrateconfirmindicateestablishsuggestrevealuncoverdisclosemake known表示“批评“同义词：critical (criticism) disapproving disagreeing disapprovalblame匾censuredisparage表示“大众“同义词：the massesthe general public consum ers (消费者）ordinary peoplerank and file（普通成员）populace（百姓，平民）表示“标准“同义词：standardlevelcriteria表示“地区”同义词：re知onsscoperangesphere（势力范围）表示“观察“同义词：perceiveobserve公平，公正：fair(fairness)impartialjustunbiased disinterested表示“保护“同义词：protectguardsafeguarddefend (defendant 孚许才户，才皮告）shi eld表示“生产”同义词：yield manufacturer generate表示“脆弱“同义词：vulnerableweakfeeblefragile susceptible表示“关于“同义词：concerningin terms ofwith respect to表示“声张“同义词：claimproclaimremarkadvocate allegation comment表示“部分，成分“同义词：componentportionelement proportion percentage ingredient constituentpart表示“意识”同义词：awareconscious表示“承认“同义词：admit acknowledge表示“永恒“同义词：eternalpermanent everlastingperpetualinvariable表示“谋生“同义词：earn one's livingmake one's livinglive off表示“值得尊敬“同义词：worthyrespectable (区别：respective 分别）表示“尊敬“同义词：worshipesteemadmire表示“遵守“同义词：comply withconform to表示“水流”同义词：currencystream 表示”获得“同义词：gainacqwreachievefetchobtainderive表示“培养“同义词：nurturefostercultivate表示“地位”同义词：statusrank表示“偏见“同义词：biasprejudice discrimination inequality表示”组成“同义表达：constitutebe made from / o fincludeconsist of表示“导致“同义词：result incauselead to表示“发行“同义词：lSSUCrelease匾distribute launch表示“授予“同义词：grantaward表示“结果”同义词：result consequent outcometurn out to表示“交易”同义词：dealtrade exchange transaction表示“能力”同义词：ability capability potential power表示“结束“同义词：fulfillfinish accomplish carryout achieve complete表示“语言“同义词：verbally language wordsungual表示“精确“同义词：accuracyprec1s1on表示“以前“同义词：previousformerlatterprior to表示“加强，促进“同义词：promotefacilitateenhancereinforce表示“前景，未来“同义词：prospectfutureexpectationoutlook表示“顾客”同义词：customerclientconsumerguest表示“暂停、延期“同义词：suspendphase backput offstoppostpo nedelayed■表示“信息”同义词：information messagedatafi gu re statistics表示“公司”同义词：enterprisefirm company corporation表示“故意”同义词：deliberately intentionally purposelyon/in purpose表示“冷漠“同义词：in cl iff er e n t neutral carefree detached表示“抱怨“同义词：complain moangroan表示“吸引“同义词：appealattract fascinate tempt absorb 表示“赶上“同义词：catch up withkeep up with表示“对手”同义词：rivalequalcomparative competitoropponentadversaryenemy表示“谨慎“同义词：prudentcautious匾。
阅读同义词替换
1. ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice忽略，无视v.2. encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v.3. mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n.4. easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj.5. change=modify(modification) 改变v.6. destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n.7. investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=gointo=probe=look into 调查v.8. where=geographical location 表地点9. important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.10. reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus 原因n.11. protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v.12. newspapers, television=media媒体n.13. where to live=habitat居住地n.14. get warmer=global warming变暖n.15. contribute to=play a part有助于v.16. survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v.17. curriculum=course=syllabus课程n.18. link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v.19. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.20. poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的，可怜的adj.21.exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impres sive=admirable超常的，例外的adj.22. mating=courtship交配. 23. follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v.24. good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力25. best=well=greatest=finest=ideal=top=number one=ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-break ing极好的adj.26. surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶的adj.27. volunteer=subject实验研究对象n.28. similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj.29. blind=can not see瞎的adj.1. initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n.2. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pickup=widen=be on the increase=intensify=expand=build up 上升，增加v.3. teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.4. more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n.5. determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose 决定v.6. young people=teenager=youth=in yourteens=adolescent=minor年轻人n.7. community=all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.群体，团体，社区n.8.traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashion able传统的adj.9. fail=failure=notsucceed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a failure=go wrong=not work=do no good=fall through失败v.10. endanger=to put someone or something in danger of being hurt=damaged=destroyed危及，使危险v.11. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.12. inevitable=certain to happen and impossible to avoid 不可避免的adj.13. differ from=unusual与…不同v.14. reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag your feet=be loath to do something=conservative勉强的adj.15. consult=ask somebody's advice=seekadvice=get/obtain advice资询v.16.alternative=another=other=different=new=else=variation= variant另一个17. therapist=someone who has been trained to give a particular form of treatment for physical or mental illness 临床医学家n.18. retrain=taking courses再教育v.19. salary=pay=wage=income=earnings=fee工资，收入n.20.long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing=lasting=lif elong=prolonged=lingering=enduring=abiding=incurable长期的adj.21. complaint=complain=make acomplaint=protest=object=complain抱怨n.22. illness=disease=virus=bug=infection疾病n.23. connection=relationship=link=correlation联系n.24. beneficial=be good for you/ do somebodygood=wholesome=nutritious=nourishing=healthful有益的adj.25. insight=comprehension=understanding理解，见解n.26. physical=relating to the body=bodily身体的adj.27. hazard=risk=danger=threat障碍，危险n. 28. accompany=with=together=along with=come wit陪伴,伴随29. mental=relating to the health or state of someone's mind精神上的，心理的adj.30. possible=possibility=can=potential=there is a chance/possibility可能的adj.31. reduction=decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少n.32. class=type=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.33. rehearsal=practice=training=run-through=exercise排练，演习n.34. peer=your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc 同伴n.35. defensive=used or intended to protect someone or something against attack 防御n.36.strategy=way=method=approach=technique=system=tacti cs 方法，功略n.37. assist=help=aid=with the aid of帮助v.38. specific=give (somebody) more details=expandon=enlarge on=go into more=greater detail=be more specific=be more explicit=elaborate特定的adj.39. substance=a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas 物质n.40. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境n.41. engage=give somebody a job=employ=takeon=appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.42. combine=mix=stir=beat=blend=whisk=dilute联合v.43. survival=the state of continuing to live or exist幸存n.Cambridge 4 TEST 31. quotation= a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing 引言n.2. exemplify= example=case=instance=to be a very typical example of something=to give an example of something 例证v.3. explain=tell=say what/why/whereetc=show=demonstrate=go through=throw/shed lighton=set out解释v.4. outline= to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but not the details概述v.5. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end目的n.6. encourage=persuade=persuasion=get somebody to do something=influence=encourage=talk somebody into=put somebody up to鼓励v.7. loan= an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc. 贷款n.8. poverty= being poor贫穷n.9. crime= illegal activities in general犯罪n.10. reject=to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something 拒绝v.11. employ=give somebody a job=take on=engage= appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.12. courier=a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere快递员n.13. storage=keep=store=keep something instorage=preserve 存储n.14. facility=rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose 设备n.15.ambitious=ambition=power-hungry/power-mad=competit ive= determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc.有志向的，雄心壮志的adj.16. effort=to try very hard to do something=attempt=campaign=drive努力n.17. feature= a part of something that you notice because it seems important, interesting, or typical；a part of the land, especially a part that you can see: a part of someone's face, such as their eyes, nose etc特点n.18. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球n.19. unpredictable=can't say/tell=unforeseeable=it remains to be seen 无法预测的adj.20. machinery=machines, especially large ones= a system or set of processes for doingsomething=machine=device=robot=appliance=mechanism 机械n.21. ultimate=someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in the future= final最终的，根本的adj.22. atmosphere= the feeling that an event or place gives you= the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth气氛; 大气n.23. occur=happen=take place=there is=come about=come up=turn up=arise=strike发生v.24. expand= get bigger=grow=swell up=stretch扩张，扩大v.25. form= type= way something is/appears=shape形式n.26. emerge=appear=become visible=come into view/come into sight=come out=reappear 出现v.27. emit= to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc 发出，放射n.28. situation= circumstances=position=case=plight情况，状况n.29. self-conscious=worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you自觉的n.30. generate= to make someone have a particular feeling= form=produce=create 产生v.31. various=there are several different types of thatthing=different=a variety ofsomething=differing=varying=an assortment of something=assorted=a mix of something=a mixture of something各种各样的adj.32. convenient= a thing or way of doing something that is easy and quick; a time or arrangement that is convenient 方便的adj.33. objective=impartial=neutral=not takesides=unbiased=disinterested客观的adj.34. enquiry=investigate=make inquiries/enquiries=go into=probe=look into=solve=be under investigation 调查35. observe=notice=can see/cantell=see=spot=detect=note becomeaware/conscious=catch somebody's eye=perceive观察v.36. comment=remark=thing to say=point=statement= announcement=declaration=observation评论37. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of包含，包括v.38. focus on=deals only with=concentrate专注于v.39. affect=have an effect=have an impact=take effect= make a difference=impact影响v.40. gained from=come from=be based on=originate= go back to=have its origins in=have its roots in=derivefrom/be derived from=develop from/evolve from产生于…. V.41. concern=worry=stress=anxiety=strain= a feeling of worry about something important关心，担心n.1. official=formal=authorized=on (the) record官方的，正式的adj.2. athletic=physically strong and good at sport=fit=be in shape=be in good condition运动的adj.3. intensive=involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short period of time=rapid=crash course密集的，加强的adj.4. burst=a short sudden effort or increase in activity=burst of anger/enthusiasm/temper etc 爆炸，突发5. recognize=know=identify=pick out=tell认出，承认v.6. inadequate=not enough=toolittle=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short supply=lack of something=be short 不足的adj.7. develop=come from=be based on=originate=go backto=have its origins in=have its roots in=derive from=be derived from=be founded on=grow out of=developfrom=evolve from发展，生长v.8. enable=make something possible=allow=permit=pave the way for=clear the way for使能够v.9.predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=projected =guess in advance预测v.10. specialist=someone who knows a lot about a particular subject, or is very skilled at it=expert专家n.11. theoretical=relating to the study of ideas, especially scientific ideas, rather than with practical uses of the ideas or practical experience理论的adj.12.basic=fundamental=essential=central=underlying=simple= crude=primitive=rudimentary=unsophisticated=low-tech 基本的adj.13. nature=plants/animals etc=somebody'scharacter=qualities of something=type自然n.14.aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target=e nd目的n.15. translate=change languages=interpret=put something into English/French/Japanese etc翻译v.16. ancient=belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years ago 古老的adj.17. realistic=when pictures, films etc make things seem real=lifelike=realism=true to life=vivid实际的，现实的18. field=area=branch=world=domain=realm=sphere领域n.19. document=a piece of paper that has official information on it；a piece of written work that is stored on a computer文件n.20. equal=the same in number, amount, level etc as something else平等的adj.21. influence=effect=side effect=impact=what something does to=the implications 影响n.22.behavior=manner=conduct=behave=well-behaved=good= be on your best=stay out of trouble行为n.23. compare=to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they are similar to or different from each other=liken=make a comparison=draw ananalogy=draw a parallel=contrast 比较v.24. economically=in a way that is related to systems of money, trade, or business经济上地adv.25. establish=determine=identify=pinpoint=diagnose=to start a new business or organization.建立新的生意/组织v.26. sustainable=able to continue without causing damage to the environment; able to continue for a long time可持续的adj.27. realize=know=be/become aware=cantell=appreciate=be conscious=know perfectlywell=know/learn from experience意识到v.28. limit=restrict=set/impose/put a limit=keep to/keep within=confine=fix 限制29. produce=form=create=generate生产v.30. guarantee=promise=assure=give somebody your word=swear=vow=commit to=pledge保证v.31. liberty=freedom=a free hand自由n.32. independence=self-sufficiency=self-reliance 独立n.33. consistent=always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc - usually used to show approval持续的adj.34. underestimate=to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc than it really is=to think that someone is not as good, clever, or skilful, as they really are 低估v. 35. provision=when you provide something that someone needs now or in the future 提供n.1. produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2. central=middle中心的adj.3. did not have=without没有v.4.bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer 带来v.5. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6. increase=goup/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pickup=widen=intensify=build up增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8.immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous =tremendous=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.9. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=make clear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明，显示v.10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语n.11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈，前任n.12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc=competitor 对手，竞争者n.13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing分心的事物n.14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness=bug=virus=be something wrong with 错误，缺点15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予v.17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing稳定n.18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v.19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予v.21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremely interesting吸引，使着迷v.22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off 打扰v.23. expect=think=anticipate预期，期待v.24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心理学n.25. obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conform to=observe=respect=toe the line=go by the book/do something by the book 服从，顺从v.26. identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n.27. severity=used of the degree of something undesirable 严重性n.28. unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开，发生v.29. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.30. moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior, and with the difference between good and evil 道德上的，与道德有关的adj.31. prior to=before=previous在…前面32. repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times 重复n.33. genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的，遗传学的adj.34. sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important 牺牲v. 35. victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered受害者n.36. forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造v.37. persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服v.38. surrender=give in 投降，放弃v.39. extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist anymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的，绝种的adj.40. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的adj.41. exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.42. phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand 现象n.43. perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight 认识，观念，看法n.44. impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象，感想n.45. entitle=to give someone the official right to do or have something 使某人有权利/资格v.46. distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲，曲解v.47. dispose=to arrange things or put them in theirplaces=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with 安排，处理v.48. intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering thefacts=instinct 直觉n.49. emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放物，散发物n.50. diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut 减少，减小v.51. postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期，推迟v.52. crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential至关重要的adj.53. pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result=getting worse悲观的adj.54. attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试，努力Cambridge 5 TEST 21. similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3.impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=enc ouragement 动机，动力n.4. generate=produce=bring intoexistence=make=manufacture产生v.5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7. unique=have thedistinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域n.10. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12. resource=material=source资源，来源n.13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉v.15. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16.particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj.17. draw on=absorb=do with吸收v. 18. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴，伴随v.21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点n.22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联v.24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行，发表v.25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.27. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28. react=respond 反应v.29. relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系v.30. subject views=outlook=personal/individualviews=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲v.32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出v.33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment 评估，估计v.34. emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35. remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n.37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育v.38. overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒v.39. initial=original=premier最初的，开始的adj.40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是adv.1. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v. 17. process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备，怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel 认为v.34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟v.36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n.1. community=organization=group=body团体n.2. fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3. remote=distant 遥远的adj.4. require=desire=order=command要求v.5. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.6. consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result 结果，因此adv.7. destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8. throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部adv.9. operate=act=run运转v.10. output=product输出，产品n.11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n.12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13. revive=renaissance复兴v.14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的adj.15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj.16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17. break=shatter=crack打碎，打破v.18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称v.20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v.21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=putdown=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v. 23.examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigat e检查，调查v.24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.25.detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=ins pect 察觉，发现v.26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励，促使v.31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的adj.34. assure=makesure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证，确保v.35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.1.exchange=apply something learned in one toothers=change 交流v.2.expertise=skill 专门技术n.3.employ=analyze=study 使用v.4.investigation=analysis 调查n.5.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.6.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.7.funded support=finance 资金n.8.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.9.calculate=measure 计算v.10.event=championship 赛事n.11.plan=prepare=design 计划v.12.improve=grow=get better 进步v.13.trade=economy 贸易n.14.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.15.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.16.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.17.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.18.delivery=export or import 运输n.19.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.20.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.21.shipping=freight 船运n.22.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.23.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.ndscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n.25.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.26.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities必需品n.27.supply=provision=support 供给n.28.grow=increase=rise=improve=goup=boost=expand=extend 增长v.29.respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n.30.understanding=knowledge 了解n.31.well-being=health 健康n.32.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.33.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.34.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.35.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限36.not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的37.present inhabitant=descendant 居民38.give up=abandon 放弃39.mainly=heavily=most 主要地40.visit=venture 参观41.1. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.42.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.43.3. commute=travel 通勤v.44.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.45.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.46.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.47.7. together=face to face 共同48.8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v. 49.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.50.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.51.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的52.12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.53.13. move from one to another=adopt one overanother 转移54.14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=pointout=imply 表明55.15. related=associated 有关联的adj.56.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受（病痛）v.57.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.58.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.59.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.60.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=goup=add=escalate 上升v.61.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.62.22.considerable=significant=substantial=massive=ma rked大量的adj.63.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.64.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.65.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.66.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.67.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.68.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.69.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease下降v.70.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.71.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.72.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.73.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.74.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.75.35. early=older 早期的adj.76.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.77.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.78.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.79.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.80.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.81.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.82.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.83.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.84.1. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.85.2. actor=star 演员n.86.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.87.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.88.5. globe=world 世界n.89.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.90.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝91.8. describe=tell 描述v.92.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.93.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.94.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.95.12. match to=suit to 合适96.13. reward=promotion oradvancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.97.14. link to=make something contingenton=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来98.15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.99.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.100.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于101.18.feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.102.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.103.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.104.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.105.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.106.23.judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appr aise 评判v.107.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.108.25.delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=she lve=put off延后v.109.26. growing old=ageing 变老110.27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n. 111.28. life=lifespan 生命112.29.chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opp ortunity=risk=luck 机会n.113.30. production=generation=output 产量n. 114.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.115.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于116.33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.117.Cambridge 6 TEST 4118.1. drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.119.2. promotion=marketing 营销n.120.3. increase=escalate=rise=go up=grow 上升v.121.4. research=study=survey=investigation 研究n.122.5. work=be an effective way=beuseful=help=achieve=succeed=have aneffect=happen=turn out 奏效v.123.6.technique=strategy=skill=expertise=method=way技术n.124.7.criticism=judgement=skepticism=disapproval=denunciation 批评n.125.8. moral=ethical 道德的adj.126.9. legitimate=have every right todo=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.127.10. money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.128.11. adults=men and women 成人n.129.12. maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.130.13. education=literacy=cultivation 教育n.131.14. child=infant=kid 孩子n.132.15. approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.133.16. impressive=greatest=touching=unforgettable 印象深刻的adj.134.17. programme=campaign=project 项目n.135.18.common=persistent=normal=usual=ordinary=everyday 常见的adj.136.19. be halved=decline by 50% 减半137.20. key=mostimportant=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.138.21.produce=develop=generate=engineer=manufacture 生产v.139.22. detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj.140.23. on its own=alone 自身141.24. however=but=yet 但是142.25. self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n.143.26. effective=useful=beneficial=good=needed 有效的adj.144.27. distinguish=recognize thedifference=differentiate 区别v.Cambridge 7 TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠v.。
高考阅读100个同义词替换精髓词汇
高考阅读100个同义词替换精髓词汇1.important=crucial =significant=vital=essential=critical=fatal=indispensable=necessarymon=universal=ubiquitous=general=widely3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) =sufficient4.stick=adhere=cling(hold on something tightly) =insist=persist5.neglect=ignore=overlook=elide=lose sight of sth.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(two things next to each other)=adjoin(the same as adjacent) =close to7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seeksth, you try to obtain it.) =chase=aspire8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure=dim=indistinct=fuzzy10.top=peak=summit=acmepetitor=rival=opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable) =make illegal=abuse=censure=denounce=curse=imprecate13.opinion=perspective=standpoint=idea=viewpoint=point of view14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation=distinction15.build=erect=establish=foundhumble pie16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid) =put sb. to shameplain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way) =murmur at18.primary=radical(very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe) =lighten=ease=remit20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something he does not want to),compel=enforce=impel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is) =expansion=amplify=broadenplex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)=complicated=sophisticated23. lonely=solitary=lonesome=single24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment=commend26.hard-working=industry=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=tough=bump=rub=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren=infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle=vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate=illustrate=prove=indicate=discover=find(to demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent)=colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous=giant=huge=enormous=gigantic32.avoid=shun=escape=prevent=hide from33.fair=impartial=just=equitable=detached34.attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail(attack violently)=offend35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much) disagreeable=disgusting=hate36.ruin=damage=break=devastate=destroy=wreck=decay=ravage37.rare=infrequent(doesn’t happen often)38.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)39.always=invariably=often=usually= frequently40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)=silent=calm44.expensive=high price=can’t be affordable=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)=senseless=uninteresting=disappointed47.respect=esteem=honor48.worry=fret=apprehensive(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)=freeze50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived from /can see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful andsensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, orhis/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly。
四级阅读同义词替换
四级阅读同义词替换在英语四级阅读中，同义词替换是一个常见的考点。
掌握同义词替换可以帮助你更好地理解文章，提高阅读速度和准确性。
以下是一些常见的四级阅读同义词替换：1.要紧：matter ; important ; be serious ; be critical ; essential ; be as a hurryto ; signify ; be anxious to2.施展Exhibition ; put to good use ; give free play to3.达成reach ; negotiate ; conclude ; close ; arrive at ; work out ; hammer out4.以为think ; believe ; feel ; consider ; guess ; presume5.转变change ; transition ; transform ; turn ; convert ; move ; pass ;mutation ; mutate ; switch over ; veer ; move over6.通常地generally ; commonly ; currently ; ordinarily ; routinely7.一般地generally ; usually ; by and large ; in the large ; popularly ;moderately ; mostly ; in most cases8.逐步gradually ; progressively ; step by step ; by degrees ; proceed orderly9.逐渐地gradually ; little by little ; by inches ; bit by bit ; piecemeal ; in theprocess of time10.有力powerful ; strong ; forceful ; vigorous ; energetic ; merits以上是一些常见的四级阅读同义词替换，但实际上还有很多其他的同义词替换。
阅读理解中的同义词替换
阅读同义替换词1. difficult = demanding = hard = tough困难的2. absorb = take in 吸收3. settle on = make choice of = decide on选定4. advantage = edge = upper hand 优势5. accompany = keep sb company = go with 陪伴，伴随6. view = belief = opinion = insight观点7. charge = fee = fare 费用8. involve ... with = associate ... with = link ... to = relate ... to与…有关联9. release = issue = launch = convey = deliver 发行，发表10. particular = special = specific = unique特别的，独有的11. task = job = work = labour 任务，工作12. instantly = rapidly = immediately立即地13. react = respond 反应14. subjective views = personal/individual views (opinions) 主观观点15. understand = see = follow = grasp = comprehend = take in = figure out 理解，想出16. assessment = evaluation = estimate = judgment评估，估计17. appear = surface = come to light 出现18. remain = keep = stay = maintain保持19. development = evolution = growth = progress 发展20. foster = raise = bring up培养，养育21. overtake = catch up = sweep over赶上，压倒22. initial = original = premier最初的，开始的23. whereas = however = while = nevertheless = but = yet然而，但是24. reduce = decrease = lessen = cut 减少，减小25. postpone = put off = delay 延期，推迟26. crucial = important = critical = vital = necessary = essential 至关重要的27. attempt = effort 尝试，努力28. encourage = promote = fuel = further 激发，促进29.lie in = consist in = exist in 在于。
阅读常用同义替换
abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up这些动词或词组均含“抛弃、放弃”之意abandon〓强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
desert〓着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。
forsake〓侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。
也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。
leave〓普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与果。
give up〓普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。
ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift, aptitude这些名词均可表示人的“能力，才能”之意。
ability〓普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。
capacity〓侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。
capability〓多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。
常与of或for连用。
genius〓语气最强，指天赋的高度才能与智力。
talent〓着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。
competence〓正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。
faculty〓指特殊的才能或智力。
gift〓着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。
aptitude〓多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。
able, capable, competent这些形容词均含有“有能力的，能干的”之意able〓最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。
有时也指高超、非凡的能力。
capable〓语气弱于able，指有能力、有潜力或有条件做某事，常与of连用。
阅读词汇近义词
Evolve : develop, upgrade, progress, advance, grow 进步Toxic : poisonous , noxious , venomous 有毒的Viable : feasible, possible, workable, practical 可行的Overlook : ignore, neglect, underestimate 忽略Eco-friendly : environment-friendly, green, low-carbon 环保的Competition: rivalry, contest, battle, combat 竞争并列结构：and, or , as well as , both---and---, not only--- but also ---, other than, in addition, besides, on the one hand--- on the other hand ---, neither---nor --- , first--- second ---Various: a variety of , different, versatile, many, diversified 多种多样的Forbid : ban, prohibit , deter, prevent, do not allow, do not permit 禁止Discover : find , uncover, figure out, work out , detect 发现Lower : reduce, decrease, drop 降低Protestor :opponent, objector, go against 反对者转折关系词：but, yet, however, whereas, nonetheless, nevertheless, notwithstanding, although, though, instead Extinct : die out, vanish, perish, exterminate, eradicate, wipe off 消亡Originate from : come from, result from, stem from , derive from, begin with, root in 源于Trace : find, detect, discover 找到Famous: well-known, household, prominent, outstanding 出名的Isolate ；separate, insulate, inaccessible, unreachable 隔离Catastrophe : disaster, calamity, tragedy 悲剧Via : by, through, by way of , by means of 通过（方法）Ancient: early, in the past, old 古老的Replicate: copy, duplicate, imitate 复制Mainly: primarily, principally 主要地Rely on : depend on, account on, be based on 依靠因果关系词：owing to, thanks to, due to, according to, be based on, because of , on account of , as a result of ,leading to, because, since , for , in that, as , therefore, hence, effectBoast: have, possess, pride oneself on, lay claim to 拥有Proponent : advocate, supporter, champion 支持Withstand: endure, survive, tolerate, weather 忍受Might: power, force, potency 力量Devastate: ruin, wreck, ravage, destroy 摧毁Captivate: attract, charm, fascinate, enchant, draw 吸引Harness: use, utilise, employ, exploit 利用Launch: introduce, start, spring 开始Overhead : expense, expenditure, cost 开销A raft of : a lot of , massive, many 许多的Imitate: copy, emulate, replicate, duplicate 模仿Staff : clerk, employee, worker, crew, personnel 员工Eccentric : strange, odd, weird, peculiar, bizarre, abnormal, unusual 古怪的Fraud : deceit, deception, dishonesty, cheating 欺骗Misconduct: misbehavior, delinquency, wrongdoing 犯错Sack: fire, dismiss, discharge 开除Forsake: abandon, desert, discard, throw away 抛弃Fabrication: forgery, fiction, falsehood, invention 捏造Inevitable: unavoidable, foreseeable, predictable, inescapable 不可避免的Polarise : divide, category, classify, group 分类Criminal: convict, in jail, in prison, imprisoned 罪犯Legitimate: legal, lawful, justified 合法的Promote: improve, develop, boost 促进Relaxing: easygoing, comfortable, not rigid, not nervous 放松的Exchange: trade, swap, barter 交易Originally: initially, primarily, at the outset 最初Celebrated: famous, renowned, eminent, distinguished 出名的Crude: raw, unrefined, unpolished, unprocessed 天然的Proficient: capable, skilled, adept, competent 有能力的Immense: vast, enormous, gigantic, colossal, immeasurable 巨大的Symmetry: balance, evenness, equilibrium, regularity 对称的Scarcity: lack, shortage, paucity, insufficiency 缺乏Component: ingredient, element, factor, part 成分Versatile: all-around, diversified, many-sided 多才多艺的Yield: produce, provide, create 创造Inert: unchangeable, stable, inactive, stagnant, sluggish 不变的Major: main, primary, chief, principal, dominant, leading 主要的Vanish: disappear, fade out, go away 消失Approach: way, method 方法Propose: come up with, provide 提议Authority: government, official 权威机构Resist: counteract, object, oppose 反对Numerous: abundant, considerable, many 很多的Consist: comprise, include, make up 包括Altitude: high, height, elevation 高度Spin: rotate, turn, swirl 旋转Describe: state, tell, depict, portray 描述Profession: occupation, job, work, vocation 工作Prove: confirm, certify, verify 证实Contradict: disprove, deny, dispute, oppose 反对Calculate : measure, compute, count 计算Feature: trait, attribute, character, characteristic, property, quality 性质Stable: unchangeable, steady, settled, constant, perpetual, ceaseless, unvarying 稳定的Encourage: increase, boost, improve 提升Contagious: infective, infectious, catching, epidemic, spreading 传染的Alternative: choice, replacement, substitute 选择，替代Threat: danger, risk, hazard 风险Rather than: instead of , not ---but --- 而是Apt: appropriate, proper, suitable 合适的Worthless: unvalued, useless 无用的Divine: holy, sacred, hallowed, heavenly 神圣的Ritual: ceremony, exercise 仪式In lieu of : exchange, substitute, replace 替代Academy: school, college, conservatoire 学院Unveil: reveal, disclose, uncover, unwrap 揭露Convince: persuade, sway, win over, prevail upon 说服Commissioner: official, officer, administrator 官员Charity: donations, contributions, offerings, alms 慈善Symbolise: illustrate, represent, stand for 代表Heritage: tradition, convention 传统Expertise: know-how, specialty 专长Suspend: defer, delay, halt, hang, hold over, interrupt, postpone 搁置Dedicate: assign, devote, inscribe 分配Decipher: decode, interpret, translate, explain 解释Medical: pharmaceutical, surgical 医疗的Hoax : deceive, fool, fraud, cheat 欺骗Maneuver : trick, intrigue, ploy, tactic, scheme, operation, exercise 战略Revise : alter, amend, change, correct, improve, rewrite, adjust 修改Suburban : peripheral, outlying, out-of-town 郊区的Associate: connect, link, join, combine 结合Derive from : originate from, come from, stem from, result from 源于Intervene : insert, interfere , interrupt 介入Rescue : save, recover, release, free 拯救，释放Alert : warn, caution, precaution 警告Account: record, evidence, register 记录Plunge: decrease, dive, drop, fall , plummet 下降Exotic: foreign, strange 异国的Rudimentary : fundamental, basic, preliminary, infrastructural 基本的Demanding: burdensome, arduous, rigorous, exacting 苛责的Burst: explode, break 爆发Mature: adult, full-grown, ready 成熟的Deplete: drain, exhaust, impoverish, use up 耗尽Tolerate: put up with, endure, bear, withstand 忍受Mortal: fatal, lethal, vital 致命的Fertile: abundant, fruitful, productive 有成效的Descend : decline, drop, fall, plunge 下降Cope with : deal with, dispose, handle 处理Worship: pray, appeal, beg, petition 恳求Decorate: adorn, beautify, fix up, ornament, embellish 修饰Resemble: be similar to, look like 类似Cure: treat, heal, remedy, restore 治疗Depart: go off, exit, leave 离开Shorten: reduce, lessen, cut, decrease 减少Diagnose : analyse, deduce, interpret 诊断，分析Indulge: spoil, impair, pamper 纵容Domestic: home, local, national, civil 国内的Flexible: elastic, not rigid 灵活的Dual: two, double, both---and--- 两个Commute: exchange, travel 往来两地Evacuate : leave, quit, depart 离开Implement: carry out, bring about, complete 执行Revenue: earnings, income, proceeds, gain 收益Attribute: feature, trait, characteristic, quality 特征Correlation: relation, relationship, connection, association 关联Plague : trouble, harass, worry 麻烦Compensate : balance, make up for, offset 弥补Accredit: ascribe, attribute, assign 分配Wreck : demolish, destroy, devastate, dismantle, ruin 毁灭Distinction: difference, variation 不同Permanent : forever, always, eternal 永恒的Parallel : alike, analogical, like, similar, akin 类似的Determine: decide, judge, resolve, settle 决定Exclusive: only, barely, merely, unique 仅仅Irritate: spur, agitate, provoke, incite, stimulate, stir up 激发，刺激Usher: lead, guide, conduct 引领Foremost: chief, important, dominant, first, leading, main, primary, principal 主要的Understand: appreciate, comprehend, know, realize, recognize, perceive 理解Encourage: inspire, promote, sponsor, support, urge, motivate 鼓励，支持Detrimental: harmful, bad, deleterious 有害的Underestimate : undervalue, overlook, ignore, neglect 忽略，低估Logical : reasonable, fair , sound, justifiable 合理的Portable: conveyable, moveable, transferable 可移动的Envision: imagine, foresee, predict 预测Virtual : fictitious, unreal 虚拟的Setback: frustration, disappointment, failure 失望，失败Milestone: turning point, landmark, benchmark, holy grail 里程碑Previous: earlier, prior, former, before 之前的Engender: produce, cause, bring about, generate 产生Secure: obtain, acquire, capture, procure 获得Category: class, sort, type, classification 类别Recruitment:staffing, employment, enlistment 招聘，纳入Comprehension : understanding, conception, grasp 理解Military: army, force, arms, war, weapon, foe, enemy 军队Format: model, mold, pattern, type 形式Extraordinary: exceptional, marvelous, noteworthy, remarkable, special, unusual 非同寻常的Approximately: about, around, almost, nearly 大约Lavish: sumptuous, extravagant, generous 丰富的，浪费的Antiquity: ancient past, the distant past, time immemorial, bygone days 古老Shade: cover, shelter, shadow, obscurity, subtle 模糊Durability: permanence, endurance, indestructibility 持久Discrete: separate, disconnected, detached 不连续的Minimize: abate, reduce, lessen, minimalise 减少Intrigue: evoke, spark, encourage 鼓励Depress: discourage, lessen, lower, reduce 阻碍Pervasive: prevalent, universal, popular 普遍的Criteria : standard, benchmark, specification 标准Possess: have, hold, maintain, occupy, own 拥有Encompass: encircle, enclose, include, surround 包围Slang: jargon, term 术语Hamper: hinder, impede, block, limit 限制，阻碍Challenge: confront, defy, dispute, doubt, question 质疑Semblance: appearance, look, camouflage 外表Cue: clue, hint, key, signal 线索Secrete: discharge, excrete, exude, release 释放Devoid: blank, empty, vacant, lack 缺乏, 空白Olfactory: odor, smell 气味Intact : complete, unchanged, uninjured, untouched, whole 完整的Pretend: disguise, deceive, conceal , lie 隐瞒Escape: evade, flee, get away 逃跑Spouse: husband, wife, life partner, mate 配偶Identify: distinguish, differentiate, recognize, know , pinpoint, detect, ascertain 识别，认出Potential: hidden, likely, possible, promising 潜在的Identical: same, alike, duplicate 一样的Undermine: damage, destroy, weaken 弱化Likelihood: possibility, feasibility, presumption, probability 可能性Concentrate: focus, emphasize, intensify 强调Exceptional: special, extraordinary, notable, outstanding, remarkable, unusual 显著的Predate: precede, antedate, preexist, antecede 之前存在Satisfy: appease, content, gratify 满足Option: choice, alternative, selection 选择Crucial: critical, important, key, essential, pivotal 重要的Ultimate: eventual, final, last, terminal 最终的Elusive : ambiguous, unclear, blur, obscure 模糊的Coin: devise, invent, make up, first use, originate 发明Integrate: combine, unite, mix, cooperate, coordinate , absorb, include合并Poverty: poor, impoverishment, destitution 贫穷Uniform: consistent, constant, symmetrical, unvaried, same, even 一致的Priority: highest, first, precedence 优先Transparent: see through, crystal, translucent 透明的Discrepancy : difference, confliction, contradiction 差异Synthesize : integrate, combine ,mix 结合Feeble: frail, powerless, weak 虚弱的Microbe: virus, microorganism, bacteria 细菌，微生物Target: goal, aim, object 目标Odds: chance, opportunity, possibility, likelihood 可能性Call for: require, demand, need, want 要求Impartial : fair, indifferent, neutral, unbiased, unprejudiced, even equal 公平的Undertake: take on , assume, carry out 执行Designate: title, entitle, term , call 命名Multifarious: diverse, diversified, varied, various, miscellaneous 多种多样的Manifestation: exhibition, expression, indication, demonstration 展现Regarding: concerning, about, as regards, on the topic of 与---有关的Concord: harmony, accord, unity 和谐，统一Formulate: frame, verbalize, voice, articulate 表明Demise : death, decease, departure, termination 死亡，终止Superior : better, greater, higher 更好的Schedule: timetable, arrangement 日程安排Apparatus : equipment, device, outfit 仪器Invert : reverse, turn around, upside down 相反的Modify : adjust, alter, change, vary , shift, adapt , amend, revise 修改Authenticate: verify, distinguish, certify, prove 证实Veteran: experienced, practiced, sophisticated 老练的Damp: wet, moist , humid 潮湿的Ascribe: attribute, assign, contribute 认为—属于Circumstance: condition, situation, case, scenario, environment, surrounding 情况symbol: sign, icon, representation 代表Refresh: renew, restore, rejuvenate, recover 恢复Sponsor: back up, fund, promote, support 支持Tournament: contest, match, game, competition 比赛Curve: bend, curl, turn , twist 弯曲的Susceptible: vulnerable, fragile, subject 易受影响的Transmit: send, deliver, transfer 发送Curb: control, restrain, check 控制Pick out: choose, select, sort out 选择Replenish : complement, furnish, provide, supply 提供，供应Flatten: level, smooth 铲平Steep: sharp, dramatic, noticeable 剧烈的Enhance: better, enrich, improve, uplift 提高Harsh: coarse, rough, tough, rude 粗糙的Boom: flourish, prosper, thrive 繁荣Legacy: heritage , heredity 遗产Rigorous: hard, harsh, relentless, rigid, severe, strict 严酷的Agriculture: farming, cultivation, husbandry 农耕Deem: believe, consider, judge, regard, suppose, think 认为Distribute : scatter, dispense, disperse, spread, allot, allocate 分配Cultivate: develop, improve, prepare, train , nurture 培养Astounding : amazing, astonishing, surprising, shocking 令人惊讶的Breakthrough: advance, step forward, revolution, development 进步，发展Account: story, record, statement , description 描述Search: seek, find, look for, explore, hunt 寻找Enlighten: educate, explain, illuminate, inform, instruct, teach 教育Practical: useful, functional , helpful, feasible 实际的Reshuffle: reorganize, reconstruct, reform 重建Soak: saturate, sop, steep, wet 湿透Evaporate: disappear, fade away, vanish 消失Concrete: cement, solid, substantial, tangible 实实在在的，具体的Flora: plant, foliage, vegetable, botany 植物Spice: flavour, season , taste 味道Novice: beginner, freshman, greenhorn 新手Principle: doctrine, dogma, law , rule 规矩Pattern: design, example, illustration, model 模式，方案Victory: success, triumph, win 胜利Complex : complicated, confused , sophisticated 复杂的Manufacture: make, build, construct, create, devise 制造Edge: fringe, border, advantage 优势Split : bisect, separate, halve, divide 分裂Crack,: crevice, gap, rift 裂痕Wary: careful, cautious, guarded, suspicious 谨慎的。
阅读高频近义词汇总
ded=extra( 答案还有continuing)anchor=hold in a placeabstract = concrete 文中找反意Advance = improvementaccomplished = achievedAdmit (permit to enter) =let inAdjusted = modificated (adjusted adj.调整过的)Annually = yearlyavenue (大路，手段方法) = meansadvent--introduce（不确定）a matter of speculation--supposition(speculation的同义词)adjusted--modificatedadvance--improvementaccumulate-- collect/press down，（它在原文的句子是the diamonds accumulate in the 什么地方，是因为它的什么什么的特点）appeal--attractionattachment to --preference forarray=range n.排列, 编队, 军队, 衣服, 大批vt.部署, 穿着, 排列attendant-- accompanyingascribed to--assumed to be true ofafford--provide/purchase/originate/requireavailable--obtainableapparent--obviousalertbeckon= invitebeckoning (引诱人的, 令人心动的)=invitingBreed = reproduce (breed v.(使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养n.品种, 种类)beckoning=invitingbreed--reproducebuddingbrilliant--brightbarriersboost --raiseboom--expansionbeneficial--advantageousclassicconstant = stablecounter of = in the opposition ofcontinual = constantconsistently= regularlycounter of = in the opposite ofCritical = significantCritical = significantcritical --importantcritical --essentialchisel==carvecounter of--in the opposite ofconstantly -----regularly(i guess)classic--typicalclose--careful (其他选项为final/instant/restricted) n. 结束couple--associatecommemorate--celebratecorrespondence 一致harmoniesconfine--limitcamouflage--hideconstituent--componentcounterpart --versionconsequently--therefore / thusconvert--transform"demise"--decline,demand=needdelineate这个我可能错了，但根据上下文，及其象tracedetrimental = harmfuldurable=lastingDetermining (测定) = calculating(句中选）Detractor = critic (detractor n.诽谤者, 恶意批评者)diffusion (笔试：diffuse = travel)distinguish = notice from the differenceDistribute = spreaddevoted to--dependent on/concentrated on/related to发明和entrepreneurial risks were devoted to the..... which has no certain profit. distribute = spreaddisturb-upsetdebate--arguedecretivedetrimental--harmfuldispersaldaring -- bolddiffuse--traveldispute--argumentdangle--hung hangdiversity--varieddetermining--calculating（句中选）? = extremeevoke=stimulateengage=involveexceeded = surpassedemploy=useexceedingly -- extremelyendangered ( 将要绝种的) = abundant（反义词，句中选）Enrich = enhance 选项里有enhance/conceal/enlargeentail = involve entail: vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承担, 遗传给Erratic (不稳定的，古怪的) = irregularEven= alreadyEvenly = equally (evenly adv.均匀地, 平坦地)exhibit (n. v. 展示，陈列)= feature (展出、公开= emphasize，display, publicize, ) （句中选）Expanse (笔试：expand = increase)express = communicateExtraneous ( 无关紧要的，外来的，inessential, from outside)expressed--communicatedsome concerns about forest are expressed till early 1900. expressed- municated, B.increased. exhibit--feature（句中选）endangered<-->abundant（反义词，句中选）entail----involveenrich(enhance,enlarge,conceal，根据上下文有可能选conceal,我选enhance)，explored,earnestestablishment--formationenclosure--surroundingeaseera--periodenormous--凶暴的，巨大的enhance --improve or enlargeelaborate adj.精心制作的, 详细阐述的, 精细vt.精心制作, 详细阐述v.详细描述embedded--encasedessentially adv.本质上, 本来even--already 恰好，正当词汇不难,其中有even--already题.在But, even by the end of时间...,.....expendable -- unprofitableexpose to--subject toexert--causeexpanse--areaexpanse == (笔试：expand = increase)这一题expanse 是考“n.区域”的意思for instance=for examplefast (go without food) (not sure !!!, donot affect you adversely)forage==feedfindingflourishing--thrivingfragment--break upGap (笔试：gap 缺口，裂口= opening)Generate 产生, 发生Given = particulargaphence =thereforeharsh =drastichazard=dangerhaul (拖拉, 拖运)= pullHeightening (提高，升高) = increasinghider = interfere ???? (笔试：hide = conceal)highlight /layer==inner ?????Hub 中心=centerHydroelectric (adj.水力发电的)highlight/layer---innerhider-interfereheightening--increasinghost--great number世纪末19世纪初美国制造业的革新.其中有一题tailors, butchers and a (host) of trades began to ...hub--center,hollow n.洞, 窟窿, 山谷adj.空的, 虚伪的, 空腹的, 凹的adv.<口>彻底vi.形成空洞vt.挖空, 弄凹hamper--make difficultyheed--noticehold -- proposehold--keep upheighten--increase"indigenous"----native (in the context),incorporable = includedimmediately = closest( 说类人猿是人类最近的进化祖先)In and of themselves (not sure) = aloneIncorporable= Included (Incorporable adj.可结合的, 可包含的)indementionInitiate =begin;Instant = moment (adj. N. 片刻，瞬间)Invariably = alwaysinitiate =begin;in spite of that : HOWEVERimmediately: closest( 说类人猿是人类最近的进化祖先)Indemention Ingemination indemnificationIn quantity--in a large amount ofinauspicious--unfavorableintimidating 威吓, 胁迫incidental--minor pointincoherently 无条理的incorporate--includeillusion n.幻想immense adj.极广大的, 无边的, <口>非常好的ingenuity n.机灵, 独创性, 精巧, 灵活性ingenuity-- resourcefulnessingenious adj.机灵的, 有独创性的, 精制的, 具有创造才能inhibit --hindered inhibitinvade -- move intoinvaluable--highly usefuljeopardy=threatenJudge (判断，评价) = estimatejolting --shockingkey--significantlandscape=sceneryluxuriant=thriving( 答案还有moist)launch = startlack--withoutlinked--connectedmastery的形容词形式-expert，maintain-continuemoreover=in addition( 答案还有thus)matter文中issuemask = disguise MASKED 伪装的，隐藏的，潜伏的merit"milestone"---significant events ( in the context)Milestone = significant events (select in whole paragraph, spend much time for this one) Moreover-additionallymean --- signify (还有一选项intend)meritmaskedmonopolize form --dominatemotif--patternmonitored--observedmagnitude--extendminutely adv.详细地, 精密地minutely--finelyminute --tinyminuscule--tinymodification--alteration(另有clarification),milestone--significant developmentmonotonous--boringNote = recordnature--characternotwithstanding --despitenote--recordoutbreak = sudden increase（improved, upsetted, 另两个我忘了）obscure=conceal 答案有干扰选项diminishoccasion-eventoutlet 出口，出路occasion-eventobscured- concealobtain --acquire"prosperous"--wreathy,premise = assumptionparcel out= distributeprocurement= obtainpractical/predictable/great-----p*midable(practical, not very sure)?came from a article: the American army in 1776, ----conquer pumidabledifficulties----prohibited = extremelypare away --- removePattern (n. 式样, 格调, 图案vt. 根据图形模仿，仿造= match, imitate)Pinnacle = high pointPledge (保证, 誓言) = Promisepractically (几乎，差不多) = nearlyPredicament 困境Premise 前提v. 假设=assumePrevious = PastPrimitive (原始的，早期的，朴实无华的) = earlyPrincipal = dominantPrinciple = ruleprocure ( 获得，取得acquire, obtain/ 实现，完成= bring about, effect, procure a solution) primitive: earlypurchase==grip vt.买, 购买n.买, 购买当时选了benifit，认为是好处之意，现在想来，还是grip（抓住）更好principle (two times) 1 noun form i guess means-- ruleprincipal--mainproximity--closenessprocurement--obtainProcure===obtainpore--holeprior ----- pastpredicament: difficult situationpredicament--serious situationperspective, n.透视画法, 透视图, 远景, 前途, 观点, 看法, 观点, 观察protruding--projectingpunctualPunctual----没有直接对应选项(carefully(my key 表示时间精确not sure) potential--possiblepresumable--probablyprimary--dominantpreviously--beforepronounced--strongpose==presenteserve == saveRadical (基础的，根本的) = fundamental (radical = drastic)Rather than = instead ofrefineRemedy (治疗)= cure,rigorous schedule = demanding(rigorous 严格的，严厉的demanding 要求高的，苛求的如：a demanding job ) Rival = competitor"ramification"--consequence;ramification--consequenceredundancyremarkable--incrediblerevolutionous--quick discardingrevolutional --quick discarding/(我选了change，回来查字典发现我错了) revolution--dramatical changerigorous--demanding.refreshing--unusualrelevant adj.有关的, 相应的ritual n.典礼, (宗教)仪式, 礼节adj.典礼的, (宗教)仪式的rupture--burstradical--extremeremote--far awayshortage照反义词spontaneous = unplannedsacred = holysubject to = vulnerable tosusceptible to = prone tosuccession----seriessparse,文中着反义词richscrap=fragmentset in motion = start (使开始运转，如set the plan in motion)Severe = harshSHIFTshare = proportion (proportion 比例, 均衡, 面积, 部分vt.使成比例, 使均衡, 分摊) silhouette = outline (silhouette n.侧面影象, 轮廓)Simultaneous (同时发生的)= at the same timeSiteSolicit = request (solicit v.恳求，请求)Specified (详细说明) = stateda matter of speculation (思索，推测，投机)= supposition (speculation的同义词)stunning = dramatically(不?定) 都在句中? (stunning: very surprising, very impressive ，另人印象深刻的; dramatically: 有戏剧表现力的，引人注目的)sturdy = strongsubsequent (后来的，随后的) = latersupplant = replaceSusceptible to (容易….的): prone tosettle downstem from --- grow out ofset in motion的同义词，选项有start等Webster地解释比较好：to give impulse toshiftspecified : statedsilhouette =outlinesolicit==requestsevere--harshsacred--holystrictstaple--importantsimultaneoussoaked--absorbedsplit--dividedscorching--exceeding hotsite--locationstaysingularly--particularlystint 紧缩节省slightest 最轻微的sparingly 节俭地spur--stimulusstaggering 惊人的，巨大的stunned--hinderedstunt v.阻碍...发育, 妨碍...生长, 作惊人表演, 使绝招n.发育迟缓, 矮小的人(或物), 惊人表演, 绝技sumptuous--luxuriousseekshield--protectshrink < > spread(反义)significant-- meaningful (obvious is not right)spawn--createspot--identifysnap--breakshied away from--avoid"tangible"---physicaltracts (of land) = area?=take advantage ofTangible = materialteasers (爱戏弄人的人/ 难题a puzzling problem)tip 舌尖Transfer = movetricky (狡猾的，棘手的，difficult)tendency==inclinationteemed with--were full ofUnderlying = inner (underlying adj.在下面的, 隐含的，implicit 如underlying meaning) underpinning (基础, 支柱, 支撑a support or foundation)Unqualified (不合格的，无限制的，绝对的) = completeutilitarian = functional (文中选) (utilitarian adj.功利的, 实利的, 功利主义的n.功利论者) unqualified =complete;utilitarian =functionaluniversally--without exceptionunrestricted--unlimitedundergone--experienceduniformvigorous = strongvexing = difficult (not sure) (vex: 使恼怒，使痛苦, puzzle, annoy)volatile--vast--immensevast--greatvehicle--meansvariability==tendency to changewithstand==persist >avoid/persist? 原文是：...brick withstood the weathering for a long time... withstand=resistwear--usewhatever --in any case/ at any rate/at all eventwary--cautiousway station--stop？= yet 选项还有however / in addition.yield--providepp中的单词替换game-->animals teemed with-->were full ofpronounced-->strong fragment-->break upestablishment-->formation consequently-->thereforeheighten-->increase previously-->before era-->perioddriven-->pushed poses-->presentsvariability-->tendency to changesubstantially-->significantly monitored-->observedcapable of using-->able to use shift-->changeforsook-->leftsignature-->identifying characteristicsstandardized-->uniformorientation-->arrangement terrain-->ground delineate-->outline prescribing-->assigning promotes-->contributes toindicators-->signs obviously-->clearly components-->elements common-->shared broad-->general overlapping-->sharing characteristics compelled-->forced stumbled upon-->accidental adapted-->modified tedious-->tiresome facilitating-->easing freezing-->haltingcontexts-->settings accommodate-->allow for pounding-->hitting conspicuous-->noticeable assess-->evaluatetoxin-->poison diverge-->move apart depicted-->presentedprecision-->accuracy obvious-->clear feed-->satisfysources-->supplies means-->methods flourishing-->thriving univerisally-->without exception anxious-->eagerat bay-->under control soaked up-->absorded split-->divided scorching-->exceedingly hot attributed-->creditedsuccessive-->subsequent stimulates-->causes scarcity-->shortage encourageed-->promoted vast-->great affords-->providesremote-->far away available-->obtainable vehicle-->meansin essence-->basically constitutes-->consists ofgradually-->little by little diminished-->reduceddiversity-->variety expanses-->areas prior-->pastacceleration-->speeding up essential-->fundamentaloutgroeth-->result incentive-->motive impede-->obstructsevere-->large convert-->transform magnitude-->extentbeneficial-->advantageous envisioned-->conceived ofscan-->examine orbiting-->revoling power-->strengthcases-->situations exhibit-->show unusual-->uncommonthus-->consequently constant-->continued sequence-->succession attain-->reach on the other hand-->however solitary-->lonerotates-->turns allocates-->designates spoken for-->claimedstatus-->position in its own right-->independentconceiving-->imagining support-->sustain alternative-->option sequence-->order periodic-->regular elsewhere-->in other places hampering-->restricting accelerated-->speeded upsubjected to-->placed under adjacent-->nearby account for-->explains roughly-->approximately puzzle-->question convert-->transformspend-->use practical-->realistic critical-->importanttracing-->following vital-->important components-->parts occasionally-->sometimes aquatic-->marine apparently-->seemingly conveys-->communicatates reacting-->responding repel-->ward off waves-->groups rocked-->moved capital-->money prevailing-->dominant laden-->filled split-->divided anticipated-->expectedliabilities-->limitations compelling-->powerful nature-->quality reinforced-->strengthened discovers-->learns result-->consequence dislodge-->remove tasks-->responsibilities forage for-->hunt for dissemination-->spread advocating-->recommendinglittle more than-->simply mere-->insignificant flavor-->essence dispersal-->distribution segment-->part complex-->elaborateproposed-->hypothesized variation-->change subsequently-->afterward inquiring-->curious alternative-->different reproduce-->copyadorn-->decorate suggests-->indicates refined-->perfectedpinnacle-->high point recurred-->reappearedrather-->instead at least-->at the minimum accompany-->joinToefl阅读，语法词组a(great/wide) range ofa variety ofa beam of (light)a big deala bite to eata blast of (wind)a break with (the tradition)a bunch ofa bundle ofa cloud ofa cluster ofa column of watera couple ofa crew ofa crowd ofa far cry froma fit of *a good/great deal(of)a grain of trutha great manya gust of winda handful oda heap ofa host ofa large amount of&large amounts of a loaf of (bread)a matter ofa multitude ofa myriad of*a number ofa pile ofa series ofa set ofa slice of*a standing ovation*a stretch of*a strip of *a swarm of&swarms ofa wealth ofa while backabandon oneself toabhorrent toabound inabout toabove allabsent fromabstain from*abuse ofaccede to=agree toaccess toaccording toaccount foraccuse (sb) of (sth)acquaint (sb) withacquire a tase for (sth)*act asact foract on/uponactive volcanoadapt (sth/sb) to (sth)add (sth) toadd (sth) upadd inadd on*adhere toadjacent toadjust A to Badmiration for/ofadmit(sb)toadorn (sb/sth) with (sth)* adventage overadvertise for (sth)advise (sb) on (sth)affiliate to /with*affix to*afflicted by*afford toafter allafter hours =after work time against someone's willagitate for*agree on/uponagree toagree withahead ofahead of timeaid(n.) toaim ataim forair currentakin to =similar toalien to=foreign toalght on=descend uponalike toall alongall butall day longall inclusiveall kinds ofall night longall one's lifeall over 1)=finished 2=everywhere all over again=once againall over the placeall right 1)=ok 2)beyond any doubt;al the evidence showsall right with some one=agreeable to someoneall sorts ofallergic toallow for=take into considerationallow of=permitallude to=refer to ()in a brief or indirect wayalong withamenable to =willing to=influenced byamong other=as well as other thingsamount to =add up toan array of=a display ofand so forth&and so on&and othersand that而且（用来代替前面语句的全部或部分以加强语气，置于句尾）example：Bacteria under the micrscope often bounce about inthe water.this is because they collide with the water moleculesand are pushed this way and thatand the likeand yet =any weyanswer backantagonistic to=hostile toanxious about/for=worried aboutanxious to=longing forany longer/more=any more timeanything butapart fromapologize to...forapeal to 1=attract 2=bring a decion by a lower count to a higher court for review appetite for=desire and capacity forapply toappropriate for /toapprove of=consent;admire;praiseargue about/over(sth.)arise from=come into being fromarrange (sth.)for (sb./sth)arrive atas a matter of factas a means ofas a result ofas a ruleas a wholeas far asas far as i know /as far as anyone knowsas far as i'm concerned=from my point of viewas followsas foras it is =as the present/existing situation isas it turns out=it is now known,although it was not before as long as 1=since,because 2=if ,only ifas luck would have it =by good or bad luck;by chanceas soon as possibleas suchas the case might be=whatever is trueas toas usualas wellas well asas with=likeas yet=up until now,for nowas ...go(es)=better than the average thing of its type ascribe ti=attribute=assign toaside from=except forask forask overaspire to =having a strong desire or hope toassembly lineassent to =agree toassign to (sb./do sth.)assist (sb.) in (doing sth.)&assist (sb.)with (sth.) associate with=allywith;connect toassociate's degreeat a breath=at a strethat a loss=confused, bewilderedat a rate/speed of &at (+adj.) rate/speed ofbe accustomed tobe characteristic ofbe characterized bybe civil tobe credited to/withbe descended frombe determined tobe eager tobe finished withbe fond ofbe free frombe good atbe good forbe hard onbe hard up =poor,lacking moneybe harmful tobe in harmony withbe known asbe made up ofbe obliged to do=force (sb) to do (sth)be out of line=inappropriate,unsuitablebe out of one's mindbe out of orderbe out of servicebe the case=be true;describe an actual situationbe the last peason=be the least desirable personbe tied=finish at the same time or score the same number of points etc.in a competitionbe up&stay upbe worth ofbe/fall/get behindbe/go in one ear and out the otherbear fruit 1=give fruit 2=be successfulbear in mind=keep in mindbecoming to =suitable forbefore longbeg A for Bbegin withbehind the time/timesbelieve inbelieve it or notbelong in=be in the right place or(of a person) feel this waybelong tobe to blamebeneficial tobenefit frombetween life and death=neither alive nor deadbetween you and me=secretivelybeyond the reach ofbig saleBill of Rightsbind... togetherblack and blueblack and white=referring to photography that does not have any colors except black ,white and greyblame forblock out=planblood pressureblood serumblood vesselblood plasmablow/lose one's coolblow outblow over=go away without causing harmblow upboast ofboil down tobomb outbooked upborder on 1=be next to 2=resemblebounce aboutbread and butterbreak away withbreak down 1=stop operating 2=decomposebreak faith=violate trust;violate confidencebreak in=train;disciplinebreak intobreak into piecesbreak new ground=make prograss;make advancesbreak offbreak one's heartbreak one's neck (to do sth)=work extremely hardbreak one's wordsbreak outbreak out of =escape frombreak the ice=get past the uncomfortable feeling that existsbreak through(sth)break ties with=break offbreak upbrighten one's spiritsbring about=causebring an end to& bring ...to an endbring backbring forth=cause (sth) to appearbring forward 1=cause to happen earlier 2=propose (sth) for discussion bring in 1=usher in 2=earnbring into actionbring into effect/operationbring off=succeedbring on 1=introduce 2=causebring over=conveybring through=rescuebring to light=reveal (sth) which has been hidden bring to ruin=destroybring to terms=force to agree to conditions bring togetherbring under=depressbring up。
四六级阅读同义词替换
四六级阅读同义词替换所有考试的阅读理解都离不开“同义替换”这个出题人惯用的手法。
可是由于表达意思一致，而被出题人用来替换，并且可以混淆视听让考生以为这个表述与原文不一致。
由于这些是阅读替换词，有很多用法、语法、含义不一样，所以只适用于阅读，不适用于写作时用来替换。
一、同义/近义类替换通过同义词、近义词或者反义词的否定形式来进行替换（一）人物类高频替换词1. exceptional=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable=excellent 优秀；出色2. poor=bad=not very good=weak 差劲；弱；不擅长3. unsurpassed=top=greatest=finest=best 最好的；无人能超越的4. astounded=startled=be taken aback=astonished=amazed=surprised 惊讶的5. earnings=salary=income=pay=wage 工资；收入6. rage=indignation=wrath=anger 愤怒；愤慨7. celebrated=renowned=eminent=prestigious=well-known=famous 著名的（二）文化类高频替换词1. destruction=loss 损失；损坏2. play a part in=contribute to 对...有作用；促进3. vital=crucial=essential=important 重要4. mating=courtship 交配5. intensify=expand=widen 加强；扩大6. unfashionable=old-fashioned=outmoded=outdated=traditional 过时的；传统的7. enchanting=intriguing=appealing=attractive=interesting 有趣的；吸引的（三）教育类高频替换词1. syllabus=curriculum=course 课程2. rudimentary=degenerated=underdeveloped 不发达的3. confront=face=encounter=meet 面对；遇到4. instruct=coach=train=teach 指导；教导5. shield=safeguard=guard=protect 保护6. accountability=liability=responsibility=obligation=duty 责任；义务7. modify=alter=change 改变（四）科普类高频替换词1. impetus=stimulus=root=origin=factor=reason 动力；原因2. pinpoint=diagnose=identify 查明；判断；鉴定3. prolonged=enduring=abiding=lingering 持久的4. chronic=lasting=long-standing=long-running=long-term 长期的5. link to=be connected to=be linked to 联系6. stalk=track=tail=follow 跟踪；跟随7. optimum=ideal 最合适的；理想的8. resemble=similar=alike 相似的9. escalate=climb=grow=increase==rise=go up 上升10. varied=wide-ranging=diverse=mixed 多样的二、解释类替换通过用更简单但更篇幅更长的文字来解释其意思，从而达到同义替换的目的。
阅读同义词
Synonyms for Reading♦1.severe—harsh--strict♦2.dwelling—housing—residence--inhabit♦3.obstacle—barrier—hindrance—obstruction—difficulty—hardship—adversity♦4.contain—include—incorporate—consist—involve♦5.facilitate—help—smooth—simplify♦6.harvest—gather—gain—obtain--capture♦7.previous—earlier—prior—former♦8.specific—detailed—actual—concrete--particular♦9.ultimate—eventual—essential♦10.enhance—improve—promote—boost—stengthen♦11.ability—capability—capacity—competence♦12. able—capable—competent—adept--proficient♦13.category—class—sort—type—classification♦14.recruitment—employment—staffing—interview--enlistment♦15. comprehension—understanding—conception—grasp♦16.characteristic—trait—feature♦17.resolve—solve—settle—figure out—deal with—handle—dispose—manage—tackle ♦18.enforce—implement—administer—carry out—execute♦19.criterion—standard—benchmark♦20.available—accessible—on hand—obtainable♦21.accept—welcome—embrace—adopt—support♦22.sponsor—support—back—subsidize—fund♦24.initially—at first—originally—firstly--uppermost♦25.prejudice—bias—partiality—preference♦26.inequality—discrimination—unfairness—inferiority♦27.change—transform—alter—shift—switch♦28.spectacular—impressive—magnificent—marvelous—breathtaking—fantastic—terrifi c-gorgeous♦29.highlight—emphasize—focus on—attach importance—underline--value♦30. diversity—variety—multiplicity♦31. different—diverse—diversified—various—multiple♦32.contrary—opposite—adverse—reverse—contrasting♦33.generate—produce—create—engender—give birth to--yield♦34.choice—option—alternative♦35.undertake—assume—carry out—commence—launch♦36. method--way—approach—channel—means—technique♦37. area—field—domain—territory—sphere♦38. Prime,chief, primary, principal, major♦39.fundamental—basic—primary—elementary♦40.collegue—coworker—associate—teammate—collaborator♦41.victory—triumph—accomplishment--achievement—success♦42.outlet—market—retailer—agent-chain—channel♦43. Different—differ—distinct--distinguish♦44.surpass—exceed—excess—outweigh♦45. forsake—abandon—throw away—discard--desert♦47.pridict—foresee—forecast—prefigure♦48. eruption—outbreak—outburst—explosion—emission♦49.predominate—dominate—dominant—leading—overwhelming ♦position—constitution—makeup—component♦51.respectively—individually—seperately—singly♦52.migration—immigration—movement—relocation—resettlement ♦53. chaos—disorder—confusion—panic--mess♦54.random—aimless—casual♦55.crucial—vital—critical—key—essential♦56.hazard—danger—risk—threat—menace♦57.eliminate—fade—disappear—vanish – extinct♦58. defect—weakness—shortcoming--flaw♦59.merit—virtue—excellency--strength♦60..prevalent—popular—prevailing—predominant◆61. abolish, cancel, repeal,abandon◆62. absorb, suck, digest, incorporate◆63. abundant, plentiful, ample,sufficient◆64. Rival, competitor, opponent, adversary, contender♦65. acknowledge, admit, confess, recognize, concede♦66.active, energetic, vigorous, brisk, lively♦67. adapt, adjust, conform, accommodate, suit, fit♦68. addition, appendix, attachment, supplement, accessory♦69. age, epoch, era, period, times♦71. agree, accord, coincide, conform, correspond♦72. aim, goal, purpose, end, target, object, objective♦73. alike, like, similar, comparable, parallel, uniform, identical♦74.amuse, entertain, interest, please♦75. anger, indignation, fury, rage, wrath♦76. announce, declare, proclaim, pronounce, advertise, broadcast, publish♦77. apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, installation, appliance, facilities♦78. appoint, designate, assign, name, nominate♦79. artificial, false, synthetic, man-made♦80. assert, affirm, allege, maintain, testify, claim♦81. assign, distribute, divide, allocate♦82. attempt, try, endeavour, strive♦83. ancient, old, antique, prehistoric♦84. attract, charm, enchant, fascinate, tempt,induce,seduce♦85. Decrease, decline, fall, drop, descend,go down，decay♦86. Increase, rise, soar, ascend, climb, mount up, go up♦87. attitude, air, manner♦88. assume, presume, suppose, guess。
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