四六级考试常考重点英语语法汇总
英语四级语法知识点有哪些
英语四级语法知识点有哪些英语四级语法知识点1、词类冠词:关注冠词表示特指、泛指、类指的用法。
形容词和副词:形容词的排序也不容忽视。
动词词组:几乎每年必考,今年依旧需要关注。
2、动词的时态和语态阅读时时注意上下文的情景。
大纲要求的八种常用时态都有可能成为考查对象,再此基础上重点关注:进行时、完成时和完成进行时。
同时注意如Hardly…when…等经常考查的表示时间的固定句式。
3、非谓语动词(1)牢记哪些动词后的宾语只能是不定式、动名词,哪些二者兼可。
(2)分词和不定式做宾补的区别。
(3)分词作状语。
4、情态动词与虚拟语气依旧会受到命题人的青睐。
虚拟语气是难点但不是重点,重点注意其在非真实条件句和名词性从句的使用。
5、定语从句和名词性从句定语从句:近五年必考。
注意点:关系代词和关系副词的区别,as和which的区别,限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别、定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
注意名词性从句引导词的选择和语序。
6、状语从句重点关注in case, unless等连词引导的条件状语从句。
注意:while, when, until, not…until, before, sinc e引导的时间状语从句。
同时关注:目的和结果状语从句。
7、特殊句式特殊句式注意倒装句、强调句、反意疑问句、祈使句和省略句。
英语四级实用知识点1.核心/高频词汇核心词汇不用说,真正的词汇高频考点是哪些呢?总结历年英语四级真题,你会发现,高频词汇并非是生词难词,最常考察的往往是考察一词多义,近义词辨析,同义替换,词性活用,熟词僻义等等。
这些往往是词汇书学不到的,需要研读真题,在真题中掌握。
很多真题已经把这些作为重点解析了,比如巨微——四级真题/逐句精解,在逐句注释真题文章中的词汇时,特别注释了这些常考的词汇考点,大家应该对这些部分重点研究。
2.写作模板/范文和好词好句。
2024四六级词汇
2024四六级词汇一、高频词汇1. abandon [əˈbændən] v. 遗弃;放弃2. ability [əˈbɪləti] n. 能力;才能3. able [ˈeɪbl] adj. 能够;有能力的4. abnormal [æbˈnɔːml] adj. 反常的;不正常的5. aboard [əˈbɔːd] prep. 在(船、飞机、火车等)上6. abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] v. 废除;废止7. abortion [əˈbɔːʃn] n. 流产;堕胎8. about [əˈbaʊt] prep. 关于;大约9. above [əˈbʌv] prep. 在……上面;高于10. abroad [əˈbrɔːd] adv. 在国外;到国外二、常用词汇1. absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 缺席;不在2. absent [ˈæbsənt] adj. 缺席的;不在的3. absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] adj. 绝对的;完全的4. absorb [əbˈsɔːb] v. 吸收;吸引5. abstract [ˈæbstrækt] adj. 抽象的 n. 摘要6. absurd [əbˈsɜːd] adj. 荒谬的;可笑的7. abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj. 丰富的;充裕的8. abuse [əˈbjuːs] v. 滥用;虐待 n. 滥用;虐待9. academic [ˌækəˈdemɪk] adj. 学术的;学院的10. accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] v. 加速;促进三、重点词汇1. access [ˈækse s] n. 通道;入口 v. 接近;进入2. accessible [əkˈsesəbl] adj. 可接近的;可进入的3. accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n. 事故;意外4. accommodation [əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn] n. 住处;膳宿5. accompany [əˈkʌmpəni] v. 陪伴;伴随6. accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] v. 完成;实现7. account [əˈkaʊnt] n. 账户;账目 v. 解释;说明8. accountant [əˈkaʊntənt] n. 会计;会计师9. accumulate [əˈkjuːmjəleɪt] v. 积累;积聚10. accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n. 准确(性);精确(性)。
四级语法知识点总结(上)
四级语法知识点总结一:时态:所谓的"时态",就是时间+状态。
谓语动词的时态见下表:1.主动形式2.被动形式❖CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时。
❖时间状语从句当中的时态:一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成二:非谓语动词1.不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1)一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能:表示与谓语动词同步发生2)完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)❖感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI ‘d like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn.help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to doforce sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.2. 动名词:具有动作性特征的名词1)是名词 seeing is believing2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary.一)动名词的形式:一般形式:I don't like you smoking.完成形式:I regret not having taken your advice.被动形式:This question is far from being settled.二) 动名词常考的点1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key:C your calling 也对)I regret not having taken your advice.4)有些词后只能接动名词admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法:it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...5)有些词后加不定式和动名词均可remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面用不定式和-ing形式,意义截然不容。
(完整版)英语四六级经典句型归纳
英语四六级写作经典句型归纳1)主从句It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.It is well- known that ⋯It is self- evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that⋯It goes without saying that⋯It is universally acknowledged that It is / that2) (表 )从句We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates.The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.3)定从句 (限制性和非限制性)As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described⋯⋯in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/table⋯,There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste.4)状从句 (,原因,地点,条件,步,折等)When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物 ) which will devour him.Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers.5)分短做定或状Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better.6)倒装句Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.7)被句Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem.He is said to have accomplished a lot of great deeds.Many people believe that⋯(It is believed that⋯)8)句Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?9)比1.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10. A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think ..., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...10)原因1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this5.The change in rgely results from the fact that...6.We may blame ...,but the real causes are...7.Part of the explanations for it is that ...8.One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...9.Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...10.Perhaps the primary factor is that⋯11.But the fundamental cause is that ...11)果1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is ...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...12)批1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.2)There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3)Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.4)Many of us have been under the illusion that...5)A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6)It makes no sense to argue for ...7)Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...8)Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...9)Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...13)例1)A good case in point is ...2)As an illustration, we may take ...3)Such examples might be given easily.4)...is often cited as an example.14)明1)No one can deny the fact that ...2)The idea is hardly supported by facts.3)Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...4)Recent studies indicate that ...5)There is sufficient evidence to show that ...6)According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...15)开篇1)Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...2)Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3)Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4)Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...5)Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...6)Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.7)Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...8)According to a recent survey, ...9)With the rapid development of ..., ...16)结尾1)From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...2)It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...3)It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...4)In conclusion, it is imperative that ...5)There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.6)To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...7)In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8)With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9)We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ...10)Taking all these into account, we ...11)Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...英语四六级写作25 个加分句型一、 the + est + 名词+ (that) +the most + 形容词+ 名词主词+ have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc)+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read,etc)例句: Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen 。
英语四六级语法常用现象及翻译真题解析 CET4&CET6
2012年6月1.Those flowers looked as if they hadn’t been watered for quite a longtime.As if 的用法:通常都要用虚拟语气,表示与现在的情况相反;但表示的情况是事实或极有可能是事实是则用陈述句语气。
有关情态动词的语法:情态动词 (Model Verbs) 又称为情态助动词 (Model Auxil-iaries).英语中助动词主要有两类:一是基本助动词,如have, do, be;二是情态助动词,如may, must, need等.情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气.情态动词可表达建议,要求,可能和意愿等.情态动词没有人称和数的变化.在大学英语四,六级考试中,情态动词部分重点测试以下内容:(1)情态动词+行为动词完成式(2)情态动词+行为动词进行式(3)情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(4)某些情态动词的特殊用法一,情态动词+行为动词完成式情态动词+行为动词完成式即"情态动词+ have + v-ed分词",表示对过去行为或动作进行推测,评论或判断.1. must have v-edmust have v-ed 表示推测过去某事"一定"发生了.其否定形式为:can't / couldn't have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事.例如:1) Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.2) You couldn't have met my grandmother. She died before you were born.2. could have v-edcould have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作"很可能"发生了.例如:1)"The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?"2)"Tom could have taken it. He was alone yesterday."3.may / might have v-edmay / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事"也许"发生了.may 比might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些.例如:I can't find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn't have v-edought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn't have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示"责备","不满",分别表示"本应该…"和"本不应该…".例如:1) With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.2) You ought not to have made fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.5. needn't have v-edneedn't have v-ed 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要, 意为"本没必要…".例如:You needn't have waken me up; I don't have to go to work today.注:表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时,就表示的可能性程度而言,must最大,could其次,may更次之,might最小.例如:"I wonder how Tom knew about your past.""He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary." 二,情态动词+行为动词进行式情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式),表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行.例如:1) He must be playing basketball in the room.2) She may be staying at home.三,情态动词+行为动词完成进行式情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式),表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行.例如:1) They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.2) He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.四,某些情态动词的特殊用法1. need考试中主要测试 need 作情态动词与作实义动词的区别,对此,可参见表1.need 作情态动词时,后面跟不带to 的动词不定式,即 "need do".通常用在疑问句和否定句中,表示询问是否有"必要",其否定形式为needn't,表示"不必";疑问形式为Need … do 极少用于肯定句.例如:1) I don't think we need turn the light on at that time.2) Need you ride a bike to the school?真题:2011年6月Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she______________________.(能被分配做另一项工作)2012年6月It is suggested that the air conditioner ______________.(要安装在窗户旁)should的型虚拟语气,表示主观愿望的词。
四六级英语句型
四六级英语句型本文介绍常见的四六级英语句型,帮助读者提高英语语法水平。
1. 主语 + 谓语这是最基本的英语句型,表示一个句子的基本结构。
例句:The cat is sleeping on the sofa.(猫正在沙发上睡觉。
) 2. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语这个句型表示主语进行了一个动作,并且动作的对象是宾语。
例句:I like to eat pizza.(我喜欢吃披萨。
)3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语系动词连接主语和表语,表示主语的状态或特征。
例句:She is a teacher.(她是一名教师。
)4. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语这个句型表示主语进行了一个动作,动作的对象是直接宾语,而间接宾语是动作的接受者。
例句:I gave my friend a book.(我把一本书送给了我的朋友。
) 5. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补宾补是补充说明宾语的词或短语,通常是形容词或名词。
例句:She made me happy.(她让我感到快乐。
)6. There be 句型这个句型表示存在某物或某人。
例句:There is a cat in the room.(房间里有一只猫。
)7. 疑问句疑问句以问句结尾,用来寻求信息或确认某件事情。
例句:Do you like coffee?(你喜欢咖啡吗?)8. 否定句否定句用否定词来否定主语的状态或动作。
例句:I don't like spicy food.(我不喜欢辣食。
)以上是常见的四六级英语句型,读者可以通过练习来熟练掌握,提高英语语法水平。
四六级语法知识点详解
四六级语法知识点详解英语四六级考试是大学英语水平考试的一种,对于很多学生来说,语法是其中一个比较难以掌握的部分。
本文将详细解释四六级考试中常见的语法知识点,帮助学生更好地应对考试。
一、时态和语态1. Simple Present Tense(简单现在时)简单现在时表示经常或习惯性发生的动作、真理、客观存在的事实等。
结构:主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数在动词后加s或es)例句:I eat breakfast every morning.(我每天早上吃早餐)2. Present Continuous Tense(现在进行时)现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
结构:主语 + am/is/are + 动词ing形式例句:She is studying in the library now.(她正在图书馆学习)3. Simple Past Tense(简单过去时)简单过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构:主语 + 动词过去式例句:They visited their grandparents last weekend.(他们上周末去看望了他们的祖父母)4. Past Continuous Tense(过去进行时)过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
结构:主语 + was/were + 动词ing形式例句:I was watching TV when she called me.(她打电话给我时,我正在看电视)5. Simple Future Tense(简单将来时)简单将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构:主语 + will + 动词原形例句:We will have a party next week.(我们下周要开个派对)6. Future Continuous Tense(将来进行时)将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
结构:主语 + will be + 动词ing形式例句:I will be sleeping when you arrive.(当你到达时,我将正在睡觉)7. Passive Voice(被动语态)被动语态用于强调动作的承受者而不是施动者。
考英语四级必备知识点总结
考英语四级必备知识点总结一、语法1. 名词:名词的数、格、所有格、复合名词等形式;2. 代词:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、相互代词等;3. 冠词:冠词的用法和区别;4. 形容词:形容词的比较级、最高级、修饰顺序等;5. 副词:副词的位置、修饰范围、比较级等;6. 介词:介词的用法、固定搭配、介词短语等;7. 连词:并列连词、从属连词、关联词等;8. 动词:动词的时态、语态、情态动词、动词的非谓语形式、虚拟语气等;9. 主谓一致:主语和谓语动词的一致性;10. 从句:定语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等;二、词汇1. 同义词和反义词:掌握同义词和反义词的意义、用法和搭配;2. 词组搭配:掌握固定搭配、习惯搭配等;3. 词根词缀:掌握常见的词根和词缀,用于理解词义和构词法;4. 词性转换:学会名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转换;三、时态1. 一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作和真理;2. 现在进行时:表示现阶段正在进行的动作;3. 一般过去时:表示过去的某个时间内发生的动作或状态;4. 过去进行时:表示过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作;5. 现在完成时:表示动作发生在过去的某个时间,对现在的影响;6. 过去完成时:表示过去某个时间或某个动作之前已经完成的动作;7. 一般将来时:表示将来某个时间内会发生的动作或状态;8. 现在将来时:表示过去某一时刻之后会发生的动作;四、语态1. 主动语态:动作的执行者位于主语的位置;2. 被动语态:动作的承受者位于主语的位置;五、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1. 比较级:两者之间的程度比较;2. 最高级:三者或三者以上的程度比较;六、虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句:表示与现实相反的假设;2. 虚拟语气:表示与现实相反的愿望、建议、命令等;七、固定搭配和习惯表达1. 不定式的固定搭配;2. 动词短语的固定搭配;3. 习惯的表达方式;八、阅读1. 文章大意把握:对文章的主旨、中心思想有清晰的了解;2. 名词、冠词和代词的指代:注意文章中名词的指代和代词的指代;3. 语篇结构:掌握文章的段落结构和句子结构;4.常见题型:主旨大意题、细节题、推断题、态度观点题等;九、写作1. 作文基本结构:包括引言、正文、结论;2. 句子结构:掌握句子的简单、复合、并列等结构;3. 衔接词和过渡句:上下文之间的衔接;4. 写作技巧:逻辑、严密的论述,正反两方面的看待问题等;以上就是英语四级必备知识点的总结,通过对以上知识点的掌握和练习可以有效地提高英语能力。
英语四级考试语法结构与词汇
英语四级考试语法结构与词汇一、语法结构部分。
1. 时态。
- 一般现在时。
- 用法:表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。
- 结构:主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数主语时动词加 -s或 -es)。
例如:I play football every Sunday.(play,动词原形,[pleɪ])He plays football every Sunday.(plays,动词第三人称单数形式,[pleɪz])- 一般过去时。
- 用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
- 结构:主语+动词的过去式。
例如:I saw a movie yesterday.(saw,see的过去式,[sɔː],动词)- 现在进行时。
- 用法:表示现在正在进行的动作。
- 结构:主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词的 -ing形式。
例如:She is reading a book.(is,be动词第三人称单数形式,[ɪz];reading,动词的 -ing形式,['ri ːdɪŋ])- 过去进行时。
- 用法:表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
- 结构:主语+be动词(was/were)+动词的 -ing形式。
例如:He was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night.(was,be动词第一、三人称单数过去式,[wɒz];watching,动词的 -ing形式,['wɒtʃɪŋ])2. 从句。
- 定语从句。
- 概念:在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词。
- 关系代词:who(指人,主格,[huː]),whom(指人,宾格,[huːm]),which(指物,[wɪtʃ]),that(指人或物,[ðæt])。
例如:The boy who/that is standing there is my brother.(这里who/that引导定语从句修饰the boy)- 名词性从句。
大学英语4级语法笔记
大学英语4级语法笔记
1. 主谓一致
- 主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
- 当主语是单数第三人称时,谓语动词要加s。
- 当主语是复数时,谓语动词不加s。
2. 动词时态
- 一般现在时:表示经常性或惯性的动作。
- 现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作。
- 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作。
- 过去进行时:表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
- 现在完成时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造成的影
响或结果。
- 过去完成时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作对过去的另一个
时间或动作造成的影响或结果。
3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
- 比较级:注意形容词和副词在比较级前面要加上more或less。
- 最高级:注意形容词和副词在最高级前面要加上the most或the least。
4. 名词所有格
- 表示属于关系时,在名词后面加's。
- 表示复数名词所有格时,在名词后面加'。
5. 祈使句和感叹句
- 祈使句表示命令、请求或建议,一般用动词原形。
- 感叹句表示惊讶、赞叹等情感,常以What、How等引导。
6. 介词的用法
- 介词用于表示位置、时间、方式等关系。
- 常用的介词有in、on、at、under、over等。
以上是大学英语4级语法的一些基础知识点,请在学习和写作时注意运用。
大学英语四级必考语法汇总
大学英语四级必考语法汇总大学英语四级考试是学生们普遍参加的考试,语法是其中必考的部分,以下是四级必考语法汇总:1. 时态英语时态有12种,四级考试中要掌握以下几种:- 一般现在时:表示经常性或惯性的动作,或现在的状况。
- 现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作。
- 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
- 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 现在完成时:表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
- 过去完成时:表示过去某个时间之前曾经发生的动作或状态。
- 将来时:表示将来某个时间发生的动作。
2. 从句从句是指一个完整的句子,它在句子中充当某个成分,四级考试中要掌握以下几种:- 定语从句:修饰某个名词或代词。
- 主语从句:作为主语的从句。
- 宾语从句:作为宾语的从句。
- 同位语从句:阐述前面名词或代词的内容。
- 状语从句:修饰或补充主句的内容。
- 结果状语从句:表示结果的从句。
- 让步状语从句:表示让步的从句。
- 条件状语从句:表示条件的从句。
3. 词性和词组四级考试中需要掌握名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词的用法,以及一些固定用法的词组,例如:- be based on:基于。
- be fond of:喜欢。
- as soon as possible:尽快。
- break the ice:打破僵局。
4. 语态英语语态有两种,四级考试中需要了解和区分主动语态和被动语态,以及两种语态在句子中的变化。
5. 语气英语语气有三种,四级考试中需要了解和区分陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
以上就是大学英语四级必考语法的汇总,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
英语六级考试语法重点
英语六级考试语法重点改革后的英语四六级中,有些题型考生还不是很熟悉,以下是为大家搜索整理的考试语法重点,希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!1、情态动词的完成式1)must have done——表示对过去的事情较有把握的、肯定性的推测,常译为“一定,准是,肯定”,其否定形式是can’t/couldn’thave done,意为“决不可能,不太可能”。
e.g. Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.2)should/ought to have done——表示过去应该做的却没有做,常含有后悔、责备、埋怨的口吻,意为“本应该”,“应该就好了”; e.g. With all the work finished, I should have gone to your birthday party last night.3)shouldn’t/oug ht not to have done——表示过去不该做的事却给做了,也常含有责备、不满之意,意为“本不该”。
e.g. You shouldn’t have gone back to work yesterday without the doctor’s permission.4)may/might have done——表示对过去的事情的推测,但不十分有把握,意为“可能,或许已经”。
e.g. A traffic accident happened yesterday and a driver may have been hurt.5)could have done——表示过去有可能或有能力做某事,而实际未做、未能实现的事;有时也表示轻度批评,意为“本来可以,完全可以”。
e.g. The gas leakage could have been avoided if thegas company took immediate measures after the warning call.6)needn’t have done——表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要,意为“其实没有必要”。
英语四级必考知识点总结
英语四级必考知识点总结英语四级必考知识1语法部分考查重点1、虚拟语气的考点为:would rather+that从句+一般过去时;It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/imperative/ desirable/ advisable/ natural/essential+that+(should)动词原形;proposal/suggestion+that+动词原形;It is time/about time/high time+that+一般过去时;lest+that+should+动词原形;if only+that+would+动词原形。
2、状语从句的考点为:非if引导的条件状语从句,此类句子多用at times,provided,so long as,in case,once等来替代if;由even if/so,now that,for all等引导的让步状语从句;just/hardly...when引导的时间状语从句;more than,as...as,not so much as,the same as,as much as等引导的比较状语从句。
3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语+分词的形式出现。
4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。
5、定语从句重点考查介词+关系代词(which)和as作为关系代词。
英语四级必考知识2词汇部分考查重点1、动词、名词与介词的搭配如:popular/patient+with;yield/solution/adapt/transfer/access+to;accuse/require+of;charge+for;under+discussion等等。
2、习惯用法如:confess to/set about/be used to+doing;be supposed to/have/make sb.+do等。
3、由同一动词构成的短语如:e,go,set,break等构成的短语。
英语四级语法总结(全)
英语四级语法总结(全)一:时态:所谓的"时态",就是时间+状态。
谓语动词的时态见下表:1.主动形式2.被动形式❖CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时。
❖时间状语从句当中的时态:一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成一.非谓语动词一.不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1)一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能:表示与谓语动词同步发生2)完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)❖感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI ‘d like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn.3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。
(完整word版)英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总
(完整word版)英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总⼤学英语四级语法精要⼀、动词(时态,语态,⽤法,省略,⼀致性等)(⼀)时态1、主动形式过去现在将来过去将来⼀般did do will/shall do should/would do进⾏was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing /完成had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done⽤于虚拟语⽓完成进⾏had been doing have/has been doing / /2、被动形式过去现在将来过去将来⼀般was/were given am/is/are given Will / shall begiven should/would be given进⾏was/were being given am/is/are being given / /完成was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成进⾏/ / / /· CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进⾏时。
·时间状语从句当中的时态:⼀般过去时所有的过去⽤⼀般现在时表⽰现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成3(have/has + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.· I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve bee n sitting in the garden.4、过去完成进⾏时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前⼀直在进⾏的动作· We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.5、将来完成进⾏时: 将来某个时刻以前⼀直在进⾏的动作.· By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.6、将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发⽣的事.· I shall have finished this one before lunch.They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.(⼆)语态1、可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:· He was said to be jealous of her success.It was said that he was jealous of her success.·能同时适⽤于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表⽰“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有:assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等。
英语四六级重点语法
英语四六级重点语法英语四六级重点语法汇总动名词1. 某些动词后要接动名词某些及物动词后能用动名词而不能用不定式作宾语,其中最常用动词的有admit, avoid, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, involve, imagine, can’t help, mind, miss, postpone, practise, prevent, quit, resent, risk, resist, suggest等。
She suggested spending another day in the mountain area.There’s no way to escape doing the work.She is considering asking her employer for a rise.Note:①在need、want、require、deserve等动词后的动名词相当于不定式的被动式The clock needs/wants repairing. (=The clock needs/wants to be repaired)The disabled deserve respecting. (=The disabled deserve to be respected.)②在like、hate、prefer等动词后,如果表示一般倾向,则用动名词作宾语;如果指具体的某次发生在将来的行动,则要用不定式。
I like reading books of this kind, but I don’t like to read that book.She prefers walking to cycling.I prefer to stay at home today.③在remember、forget、regret等动词后,如果用动名词作宾语,则表示该宾语的动作发生在动词谓语的动作之前;如果用不定式作宾语,则表示宾语的动作发生在动词谓语的动作之后I remembered locking the door. (=I remembered that I hadlocked the door.)I remembered to lock the door (=I remembered that I was to lock the door.)I regret telling you about it. (=I regret that I told you about it.)I regret to tell you he has fallen ill. (=I regret that I am to tell you he has fallen ill.)2. 动名词作介词的宾语动名词可作介词的宾语,与介词一起构成介词短语,在句中作定语、状语或表语。
四级语法知识汇总
四级语法知识汇总在英语四级考试中,语法是重要的一个部分,涉及到形式、用词、语法结构等多个方面。
下面是四级语法知识的汇总,希望能够对大家备考有所帮助。
一、名词1.可数名词和不可数名词2.可数名词复数变化规则- 一般在词尾加-s,如book-books, pen-pens。
- 以-s, -ch, -sh, -x, -o结尾的名词在词尾加-es,如bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes。
- 以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,变-y为-i再加-es,如city-cities, baby-babies。
- 特殊变化,如man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet。
3.名词所有格在名词后加-apostrophe(" ' ")和-s表示所有格,如the girl's book。
如果名词后已经有-s,则只需要加-apostrophe(" ' ")表示所有格,如the students' books。
如果名词是不可数名词,则在其后加-of来表示所有格,如a cup of tea。
二、代词1.人称代词人称代词包括主格、宾格、所有格等,如I(me, my, mine), you(you, your, yours), he(him, his), she(her, hers), it(its), we(us, our, ours), they(them, their, theirs)等。
2.指示代词指示代词包括this, that, these, those等,用来指示特定的人或物。
如This is the book I want。
3.反身代词反身代词包括myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves,用于表示动作的承受者和动作的执行者是同一个人,如I hurt myself when I fell down。
英语六级语法重点整理
英语六级语法重点整理一. 主语和谓语动词的一致主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。
如果主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要加-s或-es。
例:He sings well.(他唱歌很好。
)二. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级前加more,最高级前加most。
部分形容词和副词有不规则变化。
例:beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful(美丽的 - 更美丽的 -最美丽的)三. 动词的时态和语态动词有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等时态。
主动语态和被动语态的构成也需掌握。
例:She is studying English.(她正在学习英语。
)The food was eaten by me.(食物被我吃了。
)四. 动词的非谓语形式动词的非谓语形式包括不定式、动名词和分词。
不定式前常有助动词to,动名词作主语、宾语等,分词可作定语或状语。
例:I want to buy a new phone.(我想买一部新手机。
)Running is good for your health.(跑步对你的健康有好处。
)五. 名词的单复数和所有格普通名词的复数有加-s或-es等形式,不规则变化的名词需记住。
名词所有格用's或'形式表示。
例:I have two cats.(我有两只猫。
)John's book is on the table.(约翰的书在桌子上。
)六. 代词的用法代词分人称代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。
需掌握各类代词的用法和形式。
例:He is my friend.(他是我的朋友。
)What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)七. 冠词的用法冠词包括不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。
不定冠词用于泛指,定冠词用于特指。
例:I want an apple.(我想要一个苹果。
)The dog is barking.(那条狗在叫。
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四六级考试常考英语语法一.定语从句引导定语从句的有关系代词as,who,whom,whom,which,that和关系副词when,where,why等。
1.as引导定语从句(1)as引导定语从句,相当于which。
如I am from shanghai,as/which you know。
但as引导的定语从句可以放在句首,而which不能;例:As you know,I am from shanghai。
(2)as可作为关系代词来引导定语从句,既可以单独引导从句,又可以与主句中的the same 或such 相呼应,从句中的谓语动词常省略。
2.关系代词that与which用法区别:(1)which可以引导一个非限制性定语从句,that则不能;(2)which之前可以有介词,that之前则不能;(3)只能用that,而不能用which的主要情形:——当先行词是all,anything,few,little,much,none,nothing,something 等不定代词时;——当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;——当先行词被the very,the only等词修饰时。
例:Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems to which they have not found solutions so far。
二.状语从句1. 让步状语从句(1)由no matter + wh-疑问词【no matter what】和wh-疑问词+ever【whatever】。
但wh-疑问词+ever【whatever】引导的名词从句则不能用no matter替换。
Take the coat ,no matter what coat it is / whatever coat it is .(2)No matter whether…or…结构中可将no matter省略,形成whether…or…或whether…or not 引导选择条件句。
例;The substance does not dissolve in water whether {it is}heated or not。
2.条件状语从句翻译条件状语从句时,要注意时态的选择。
例;Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is convenient for you。
条件状语从句,用if引导;主句是祈使句,相当于将来时态,故从句应用一般现在时。
3. 时间状语从句例;We do not know it until a doctor discovered it by chance。
4. 原因状语从句常见引导原因状语从句的引导词有;because,as,now that/since, in that 等。
三.名词性从句1. 主语从句汉语中的“的”字结构可译成英语的主语从句,用what引导,相当于the thing that。
例:What many people have not realized is that read books is a insteresting thing。
2. 表语从句In my seventies,one change I notice is that I am more easily to get tired than before。
四.比较结构1. as…as【与…一样】,more…than【比…更】,a bit/a little/alot/even/far/gretly/many/much/sightly/still+形容词/副词比较级这些结构。
注意:more than 表示‘不只是,只不过’;no more…than…=not…any more than…,表示‘与…一样不…’。
例:I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because it is more convenient and time-saving。
例:Since my childhood I have found that nothing is more attractive to me than reading。
2.The more…the more…“越…越…”例:The more you explain ,the more confused me。
3倍数表达法——A is 倍数+the size/length/width of B【A是B的几倍大/长/宽】——A is 倍数+形容词或副词原级+as B【A是B的几倍】——A is 倍数 more than B【A是B的几倍】例:On average,it is said,visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in London.4.表示与…相比较的短语{compare with和in comparison with}例:Your losses in trade this year are nothing compared with/in comparison with mine。
五.情态动词1. 情态动词中的must,can,could,may,might都表示推测。
其中must可能性最大,can和could其次,may和might最小。
2. 情态动词完成时所表达的意义:——could have done 本科可能做——may/might have done 也许做了——should have done 本应做——must have done 肯定做过六.倒装结构1. 有否定含义的副词或短语位于句首作状语,这类词有:neither,never,no,rarely,hardly…when,little,few,in no case ,no sooner…than等。
例:Not until he fanish his work did he realize he was seriously ill。
2. 含有only的状语或宾语位于句首时,其句子的主谓要部分倒装。
例:Not only did he charge me too much,but he completed his mission。
3.虚拟语气的让步状语从句中,在省略了lf的情况下主谓部分倒装。
Had I taken your advice【if I had taken your advice 】,all this misery might have been avoided。
七.虚拟语气1. 虚拟语气用于非真实条件句(1)由if引导的非真实条件句表示对现在过去将来的事实进行假设时,主从,句的谓语动词形式如下所示表虚拟的时间If从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在过去时Would/should/could/might+动词原形过去Had+过去分词Would/should/could/might+havedone将来一般过去时Were to+动词原形Should+动词原形Would/should/could/might+动词原形例:If she had returned an hour latter,Mary would not have been caught in the heave rain。
(2)有些介词或介词短语含有隐含的条件含义,其虚拟形式与if引导的非真实条件状语从句类似,需根据从句所用的时态,来选择主句谓语形式。
这些词包括:without,but for,were it not for等。
2.虚拟语气用于状语(1)lest,in case 或 for fear that 引导的目的状语从句中,谓语动词用【should+动词原形】(2)在as if或as though引导的方式状语从句中,谓语动词虚拟式的变化要依据对过去,现在,将来的假设选择适当的动词虚拟式。
例:You would better take a sweater with you in case it gets cold。
3.虚拟语气用于宾语从句中(1) Wish后的宾语从句可用三种谓语动词形式表示虚拟:——一般过去时表示对现在情况的假设——过去完成时表示对过去情况的假设——would+动词原形表示对将来的愿望例:sometimes I wish I were living in a different time and different place。
(2) would rather,would sooner,might as well,would prefer 后面跟虚拟语气表示愿望,意为宁愿,但愿,形式为:——would ranther/sooner+主语+谓语动词过去式表示现在或将来的愿望——would ranther/sooner+主语+动词过去完成时表示过去的愿望例:I would rather I had not gone to the party yesterday。
(3) if only引导的感叹句表示但愿,要是……就好了。
其用法和wish基本相同,只是感情色彩更强烈。
(4)在表示命令,建议等动词后的宾语从句中要求用虚拟语气形式,谓语形式为{should}+动词原形例:The teacher raquired that we {should }hand in our homework by Wednesday。
4.it is +形容词/名词+that结构中例:It is essential that these application forms{should} be sent as early as possible.5.虚拟语气用于it is {high/about}time结构it is {high/about}tim后接虚拟语气,常用过去时,表示该是干…的时候了。
注意句型:it is the firt{second/third}tim e that …表示一种经历,从句要用完成时态。