国际商会正式发布国际贸易术语解释通则2010

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2010年国际贸易术语解释通则

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则2010年国际贸易术语解释通则1. 引言国际贸易术语是国际贸易活动中使用的一套标准化术语。

它们的准确使用对于国际贸易的顺利进行至关重要。

为了统一国际贸易术语的使用，国际商会于2010年发布了最新的国际贸易术语解释通则。

2. 通则内容2010年国际贸易术语解释通则共分为21个章节，详细解释了各种国际贸易中常用的术语。

这些章节包括货物的交付、价格、运输和保险等方面。

下面将对其中一些重要章节进行介绍。

2.1 货物交付货物交付是国际贸易中最重要的环节之一。

国际贸易术语解释通则明确了不同情况下的货物交付方式，如FOB（离岸价）、CIF （成本、保险费加运费）等。

贸易双方必须明确货物交付的方式和责任。

2.2 价格国际贸易中的价格通常包括货物的成本、保险费和运费。

国际贸易术语解释通则对不同的价格术语进行了详细解释，如EXW（工厂交货价）、DDP（交货带税价）等。

2.3 运输运输是国际贸易中不可或缺的环节。

国际贸易术语解释通则对各种运输方式进行了解释，包括海运、空运和陆运等。

它还明确了谁承担运输风险和费用。

2.4 保险在国际贸易中，保险是保障贸易安全的重要手段。

国际贸易术语解释通则细化了保险术语，如CIP（运输费和保险费付到目的地）和CFR（成本和运费）等。

这些术语明确了在不同情况下保险的支付责任。

3. 使用指南为了确保国际贸易术语的准确使用，用户可以按照以下指南进行操作：1. 在合同中明确使用的国际贸易术语，并清楚标示在合同中的位置。

2. 根据具体情况选择适合的国际贸易术语，避免术语的混淆。

3. 在合同中注明各方携带货物的责任和义务，避免不必要的纠纷。

4. 结论2010年国际贸易术语解释通则为国际贸易活动提供了明确的标准化术语。

它的发布使得国际贸易中各方可以更加准确和无歧义地沟通，减少了纠纷的可能性。

在进行国际贸易活动时，遵循这一通则是非常重要的。

2010年国际贸易术语解释详细通则

2010年国际贸易术语解释详细通则2010年国际贸易术语解释详细通则一：前言国际贸易术语是用于描述买卖双方在国际贸易中的权利和责任的专门术语。

为了保证国际贸易活动的顺利进行，国际商会于1936年首次发布了国际贸易术语解释规则，随后多次修订。

本文将详细介绍2010年国际贸易术语解释通则的各个章节。

二：第一章：对所有运输方式适用的条款第一章主要适用于国际贸易中不同运输方式的合同条款，包括FOB、CIF、CPT等常用术语。

本章节将详细解释这些术语的含义、义务和责任，并提供示例进行说明。

三：第二章：船舶和内河运输适用的条款第二章主要适用于海洋运输和内河运输的合同条款，包括FAS、CFR、CIF等术语。

本章节将对这些术语进行细化解释，包括货物交付时间、装卸责任等方面的内容。

四：第三章：适用于其他运输方式的条款第三章主要适用于其他运输方式，如铁路、公路、航空等。

本章节将详细解释这些术语的含义和适用范围，并提供实例进行说明。

第四章主要适用于装卸运输的合同条款，包括EXW、FCA、FAS等术语。

本章节将对这些术语的义务和责任进行详细解释，并提供示例。

六：第五章：适用于交付和接收运输的条款第五章主要适用于交付和接收运输的合同条款，包括DDP、DDU等术语。

本章节将对这些术语的权利和义务进行细化解释，并提供案例进行说明。

七：第六章：适用于跨境运输的条款第六章主要适用于跨境运输的合同条款，包括交付和交割的责任和义务等。

本章节将对这些术语进行细致解释，并提供实例加以说明。

八：第七章：适用于多式联运的条款第七章主要适用于多式联运的合同条款，包括CTD、CIP等术语。

本章节将对这些术语的含义和适用范围进行详细解释，并提供示例。

九：第八章：适用于海上离岸贸易的条款第八章主要适用于海上离岸贸易的合同条款，包括FOB、CFR等术语。

本章节将对这些术语的权利和义务进行细致解释，并提供案例进行说明。

第九章主要适用于终端交货的合同条款，包括DDP、DDU等术语。

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则概览

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则概览国际贸易术语解释通则是用于国内与国际贸易事项的国际商会规则使得全球贸易行为更便捷。

在销售合同中参引国际贸易术语解释通则可清晰界定各方义务并降低法律纠纷的风险。

自1936年国际商会创制国际贸易术语以来，这项在全球范围内普遍被接受的合同标准经常更新，以保持与国际贸易发展步调一致。

《通则2010》于2010年9月27日公布，于2011年1月1日开始全球实施，共包含11个术语，分为两类：第一类：适用于任一或多种运输方式的规则✧EXW——工厂交货（……指定地点）EX WORKS (named place of delivery)✧CPT——运费付至（……指定目的港）CARRIAGE PAID TO (named place of destination)✧CIP——运费和保险费付至（……指定目的地）CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO (named place of destination)✧DAT——终点站交货（……指定目的港或目的地）DELIVERED AT TERMINAL (named terminal at port or place of destination)✧DAP——目的地交货（……指定目的地）DELIVERED AT PLACE( named place of destination)✧DDP——完税后交货（……指定目的地）DELIVERED DUTY PAID (named place of destination)第二类：只适用与海运及内河运输的规则✧FAS——船边交货（……指定装运港）FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP (named port of shipment)✧FOB——船上交货（……指定装运港）FREE ON BOARD (named port of shipment)✧CFR——成本加运费付至（……指定目的港）COST AND FREIGHT (named port of destination)✧CIF——成本，保险加运费付至（……指定目的港）COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT (named port of destination)。

《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》

《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》2010国际贸易术语解释通则1. 引言国际贸易中的术语和定义对于确保交易的顺利进行至关重要。

为了统一和规范各个国家和地区之间的贸易术语，国际商会（ICC）制定了《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》（以下简称“通则”）。

本文档将介绍这一重要的贸易术语解释通则，帮助读者更好地理解和应用其中的定义。

2. 背景国际贸易中涉及的术语和定义可能因国家和地区而异，导致交流和交易过程中的混淆和误解。

为了解决这一问题，国际商会于1936年首次发布了国际贸易术语解释通则，随后在1952年和2000年进行了修订和更新。

2010年版的通则是对2000年版的一次更新，并继续保持其全球通用性和适用性。

3. 术语解释原则通则的准则和原则旨在确保术语的一致性、明确性和可连接性。

以下是通则中的两个基本原则：3.1 共同和通用的理解通则的目的是确保全球贸易中的术语具有统一的定义和解释。

共同和通用的理解意味着贸易主体应遵守通则中提供的定义，并在国际贸易中保持一致性。

这有助于消除由于不同国家之间术语差异而导致的误解和纠纷。

3.2 通则优先如果在国际贸易中存在术语解释的分歧，则通则的定义应优先适用。

这意味着贸易主体在交流和合同中应参照通则的定义，以避免不必要的冲突和争议。

4. 术语定义范围通则中包含了大量常用的贸易术语和定义，涵盖了国际贸易过程中的各个方面。

以下是通则中涵盖的一些重要术语范畴：- 运输术语：包括船务、铁路、公路和航空运输等不同运输方式中使用的术语和定义。

- 保险术语：涉及保险领域中使用的术语，如保险责任、索赔和免赔等。

- 支付术语：规定了支付方式和支付条件，如信用证、承兑和预付款等。

- 货物交付术语：定义了交付货物的方式和时间，如装运期、交货地点和交付方式等。

5. 使用通则的好处遵守《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》有诸多好处，不仅可以降低交易风险，还可以提高交易效率和准确性。

以下是使用通则的一些主要益处：- 减少误解和纠纷：通则的定义明确且被广泛接受，有助于消除因术语解释不一致而导致的误解和纠纷。

Incoterms2010国际贸易术语解释通则2010(中文版)

Incoterms2010国际贸易术语解释通则2010(中文版)Incoterms2010国际贸易术语解释通则2010(中文版)引言Incoterms2010，即国际贸易术语解释通则2010，是国际商会（ICC）制定的贸易术语标准。

这一标准的目的是为国际贸易中的买卖双方提供一套共同理解的贸易术语，以便在交货、运输和分担风险等方面达成一致。

术语分类Incoterms2010将贸易术语分为四大类：1. E类术语（Departure）：货物离开卖方处时，卖方完成了他的责任；2. F类术语（Mn carriage not pd by seller）：卖方将货物交给运输人员后，卖方完成了他的责任；3. C类术语（Mn carriage pd by seller）：卖方负责预付运费，但风险转移给买方的时间是在货物交给第一运输人员之前；4. D类术语（Arrival）：卖方负责交货并将货物交给买方指定的目的地。

主要术语解释以下是几个Incoterms2010中的主要术语解释：EXW（卖方工厂交货）EXW即“ex works”的缩写，意为卖方工厂交货。

在EXW术语下，卖方只需将货物准备好并交于买方指定的地点，买方负责所有的运输和保险手续。

FOB（装运港价格）FOB即“free on board”的缩写，意为装运港价格。

在FOB术语下，卖方将货物交于指定的装运港口，并承担货物装载到船上的费用和风险。

一旦货物装上船，责任就转移给买方。

CIF（到岸价、保险费付至目的港）CIF即“cost, insurance and freight”的缩写，意为到岸价、保险费付至目的港。

在CIF术语下，卖方负责将货物交至目的港口，并承担货物运输和保险费用直到目的港口。

DDP（交货完税价）DDP即“delivered duty pd”的缩写，意为交货完税价。

在DDP术语下，卖方负责将货物交至买方指定的目的地，并承担货物在目的地的所有费用和风险，包括关税和税费。

(完整word版)国际贸易术语解释通则2010(全本)

序言为适应国际贸易的快速发展和国际贸易实践领域发生的新变化，国际商会于2007年发起对国际贸易术语解释通则2000(Incoterms 2000)进行修订的动议,并组建了修订小组。

为了将中国商界的利益和要求反映到Incoterms®的最新版本中,中国国际商会于2009年牵头组建了ICC China国际贸易术语解释通则®修订委员会，带领国内商界多次向国际商会提交中方针对Incoterms®2010修订稿的意见，其中大部分意见被采纳到新通则中。

在这个过程中，我们欣喜地看到中国商界在世界经贸舞台上的地位得到迅速提高,中国的参与已经成为世界商业规则制订不可或缺的一部分.Incoterms®2010的修订工作历时3年，征集了全球商界大量意见和建议，几易其稿，最终版本于2010年9月正式面世，并于2011年1月1日起生效.为帮助国内经贸界尽快学习和熟练掌握新的规则，并将规则及早应用于贸易实践，中国国际商会在第一时间组织了中文版本的翻译工作。

同时，作为被国际商会授权唯一可以举办Incoterms＠2010培训的中国机构，中国国际商会举办了一系列培训，帮助中国企业深入理解和正确应用Incoterms®20 1 0各种条款。

在此,我要感谢ICC China国际贸易术语解释通则修订委员会的专家对每一次的修订稿件所提出的宝贵意见，正是他们的不懈努力使中国商界的声音得以准确及时地反馈给国际商会。

我还要感谢中国政法大学国际法学院院长莫世健教授、中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会仲裁员、Incoterms 2000译审专家魏家驹教授、中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会仲裁员严思忆教授在百忙之中对中文版本进行的细致严谨的审校工作，从而保证了本书译本的权威性。

特别值得一提的是,ICC China的专家们此次还对Incoterms的译名进行了认真的讨论。

他们一致认为，Incoterms字面和实际内容并无“解释”之意，贴切的译名应为国际贸易术语通则。

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则国际商会(ICC)重新编写的《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》(INCOTERMS2010，2010通则)，是国际商会根据国际货物贸易的发展，对2000通则的修订，2010年9⽉27⽇公布，于2011年1⽉1⽇开始全球实施，2010通则较2000通则更准确标明各⽅承担货物运输风险和费⽤的责任条款，令船舶管理公司更易理解货物买卖双⽅⽀付各种收费时的⾓⾊，有助于避免现时经常出现的码头处理费(THC)纠纷。

此外，新通则亦增加⼤量指导性贸易解释和图⽰，以及电⼦交易程序的适⽤⽅式。

虽然2010通则于2011年1⽉1⽇正式⽣效，但并⾮2000通则就⾃动作废。

因为国际贸易惯例本⾝不是法律，对国际贸易当事⼈不产⽣必然的强制性约束⼒。

国际贸易惯例在适⽤的时间效⼒上并不存在“新法取代旧法”的说法，即2010通则实施之后并⾮2000通则就⾃动废⽌，当事⼈在订⽴贸易合同时仍然可以选择适⽤2000通则甚⾄1990通则。

相对2000通则，2010通则主要有以下变化。

(1)13种贸易术语变为11种;(2)贸易术语分类由四级变为两类;(3)使⽤范围的扩⼤⾄国内贸易合同;(4)电⼦通信⽅式被2010通则赋予完全等同的功效。

以上内容整理⾃《国际贸易理论与实务》(朱*⽣主编，⼈民邮电出版社2011年9⽉出版)、《国际贸易实务》(张*芳主编，⼈民邮电出版社2011年3⽉出版)2000通则和2010通则的主要区别INCOTERMS2010于2011年1⽉1⽇起正式实施，2010与2000相⽐主要变化有：1.贸易术语的数量由原来的13种变为11种。

2.删除INCOTERMS2000中四个D组贸易术语，即DDU(DeliveredDutyUnpaid)、DAF(DeliveredAtFrontier)、DES(DeliveredExShip)、DEQ(DeliveredExQuay)，只保留了INCOTERMS2000D组中的DDP(DeliveredDutyPaid)。

2010年新《国际贸易术语解释通则》-Incoterms 2010-新变化

2010年新《国际贸易术语解释通则》-Incoterms 2010-新变化发表时间：2011-04-10 21:34:00 阅读次数: 1195 所属分类：国际贸易法[转]国际商会正式发布国际贸易术语解释通则20102010年9月27日，国际商会ICC在巴黎召开国际贸易术语解释通则20 10全球发布会，正式推出其于近期刚刚完成修订的Incoterms 2010。

这标志着被经贸界使用了近十年的Incoterms即将被新版本所取代。

新版本将于201 1年1月1日正式生效。

Incoterms® 2010与Incoterms 2000的关系：虽然Incoterms 2010 将于2011年1月1日正式生效，但是Incoter ms2010实施之后并非Incoterms 2000就自动作废。

因为国际贸易惯例本身不是法律，对国际贸易当事人不产生必然的强制性约束力。

国际贸易惯例在适用的时间效力上并不存在“新法取代旧法”的说法，即2010实施之后并非2000就自动废止，当事人在订立贸易合同时仍然可以选择适用Incoterms 2000甚至Incote rms 1990。

外贸人员应该学习掌握Incoterms 2010新的规则。

但是，外贸人也无须过于担忧。

首先，贸易一线的人员没有必要担忧，未来的两三年Incoterms 2000仍然会是贸易合同的主角；法律界的法官、律师们更无须担忧，Incoterms 201 0纠纷两三年之后才会大量出现。

但是司法考试的同学们明年要特别注意了，因为不出意外的话明年司法考试的大纲会将Incoterms 2010列为司考内容。

Incoterms 2010主要变化：1. 术语分类的调整:由2原来的EFCD 四组分为适用于两类：适用于各种运输方式和水运2、贸易术语的数量由原来的13种变为11种。

3、删除INCOTERMS2000中四个D组贸易术语，即DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)、DAF (Delivered At Frontier)、 DES (Delivered Ex Ship)、 DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay)，只保留了INCOTERMS2000D组中的DDP（Delivered Duty Paid ）。

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则(中文完整版)

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则(中文完整版) 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则(中文完整版)第一章总则第一节概述本章主要介绍了国际贸易术语解释通则的背景和目的，以及适用范围和相关的国际法规。

第二节术语定义及解释原则本节详细定义了国际贸易中常用的术语，并解释了解释原则，包括解释的基本原则和实践中的约定。

第二章贸易各方的义务和责任第一节包装本节详细介绍了包装的要求和责任，包括适当的包装和标记，以及运输过程中的包装责任。

第二节运输本节介绍了贸易中的运输方式和相关的责任，包括船运、空运和公路运输等。

第三节运输装卸本节详细解释了运输装卸的义务和责任，包括装卸操作的安全、有效和及时性要求。

第三章确认和通知义务第一节通知义务本节详细介绍了贸易各方在交付、装运和运输过程中的通知义务，包括时间、方式和内容等。

第二节保险通知义务本节解释了贸易各方在保险方面的通知义务，包括提供保险资料和及时通知保险索赔等。

第四章签证及其他形式的验单第一节签证本节详细介绍了签证的义务和要求，包括进口国和出口国对于货物合规性的确认和审批等。

第二节验单本节解释了贸易各方在验单方面的义务和责任，包括验货、验运和确定货物数量的过程和要求。

第五章付款第一节支付方式本节介绍了贸易中常见的支付方式，包括信用证、托收和保函等，以及相关的义务和责任。

第二节不可撤销信用证本节详细解释了不可撤销信用证的要求和条款，以及付款的过程和条件。

第三节托收本节解释了托收的义务和责任，包括委托、托收指示和付款条件等。

第六章解释规则第一节约定解释规则本节详细解释了贸易各方之间的约定解释规则，包括口头约定和书面约定的解释原则。

第二节基于惯例和交易习惯的解释规则本节介绍了基于惯例和交易习惯的解释规则，包括国际商会发布的相关规则和惯例。

第七章争议解决第一节媒介解决争议本节详细介绍了贸易争议的媒介解决方式，包括调解、仲裁和诉讼等。

第二节争议解决的程序本节解释了争议解决的程序，包括申请、听证、裁决和执行等。

《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》

《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》2010年国际贸易术语解释通则摘要本文旨在介绍2010年国际贸易术语解释通则（Incoterms® 2010），提供对国际贸易中常用术语的解释和使用指南。

这些术语旨在协调买卖双方的责任和义务，明确货物的交付、运输、保险和风险转移等问题，以避免误解和纠纷。

简介国际贸易中，双方往往使用不同的语言和法律制度。

为了方便交流和准确理解双方的权利和义务，国际商会（ICC）于1936年首次推出了贸易术语解释通则（Incoterms®），并在之后进行了多次修订和更新。

2010年版的国际贸易术语解释通则（Incoterms® 2010）是当前使用最广泛的版本。

主要术语解释以下是一些常用的国际贸易术语解释：- EXW (Ex Works, 工厂交货)：卖方把货物交给买方指定的地点，买方负责所有费用和风险。

- FCA (Free Carrier, 空运港交货)：卖方在货物到达指定地点之前负责交货，到达后买方负责运输费用。

- CPT (Carriage Pd To, 运费付至)：卖方承担运输费用和风险，但不负责货物的保险。

- CIP (Carriage and Insurance Pd To, 运费保费付至)：卖方承担运输费用和货物保险费用，但不负责货物的进口清关。

- DAT (Delivered at Terminal, 到岸价)：卖方把货物在指定码头或终点交给买方，买方负责进口清关和交付货物给最终用户。

- DAP (Delivered at Place, 目的地交货)：卖方在目的地交付货物，买方负责进口清关和交付货物给最终用户。

- DDP (Delivered Duty Pd, 进口关税付清)：卖方负责将货物交付给买方，在目的地负责进口清关和支付所有关税和费用。

使用注意事项- 在使用国际贸易术语时，双方应明确约定使用的版本（如Incoterms® 2010），以避免混淆。

《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》

2010年9月国际商会已经完成了《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》（以下简称《2010年通则》），已于2011年1月1日发布生效。

与《2000年通则》相比，《2010年通则》更准确地标明了各方承担货物运输风险和费用的责任条款。

一、《2010年通则》的实质性的主要修改《2010年通则》在以下两大方面进行了六个方面实质性的修改：1. 贸易术语结构上的变化。

贸易术语由13种减少为11种，贸易术语根据运输方式分为2组。

《2010年通则》删掉了4个D组术语：DAF、DES、DEQ和DDU，新增2个D组术语：DAT（Delivered At Terminal，终端交货）和DAP（Delivered At Place，指定地点交货）。

2. 术语义务项目上的变化。

《2010年通则》中每种术语项下卖方在每一项目中的具体义务不再“对应”买方在同一项目中相应的义务，而是改为分别描述，并且各项目内容也有所调整。

其中，第一项和第十项改动较大，尤其是第十项要求卖方和买方分别要帮助对方提供包括与安全有关的信息和单据，并因此而向受助方索偿因此而发生的费用。

3. 新增DAT和DAP两个术语。

《2010年通则》增加了DA T和DAP两个全新的术语，DAT下卖方需要承担把货物由目的地（港）运输工具上卸下的费用，DAP下卖方只需在指定目的地把货物处于买方控制之下，而无须承担卸货费。

这有助船舶管理公司理解货物买卖双方支付各种收费时的角色，弄清码头处理费的责任方，有助避免现时经常出现的码头处理费（THC）纠纷。

4. “船舷”的变化。

《2010年通则》取消了“船舷”的概念，不再设定“船舷”的界限，只强调卖方承担货物装上船为止的一切风险，买方承担货物自装运港装上船开始起的一切风险。

此次修订最终删除了“船舷”的规定，强调在FOB，CFR和CIF下买卖双方的风险以货物在装运港口被装上船时为界，而不再规定一个明确的风险临界点。

5. 关于连环贸易的补充。

2010国际贸易术语解释通则

2010国际贸易术语解释通则（2011年1月1日实施）目录前言EXW——工厂交货（……指定地点）FCA——货交承运人（……指定地点）CPT——运费付至（……指定目的港）CIP——运费和保险费付至（……指定目的地）DAT——终点站交货（……指定目的港或目的地）DAP——目的地交货（……指定目的地）DDP——完税后交货（……指定目的地）FAS——船边交货（……指定装运港）FOB——船上交货（……指定装运港）CFR——成本加运费付至（……指定目的港）CIF——成本，保险加运费付至（……指定目的港）全球化经济赋予商业以空前宽广途径通往世界各地市场。

货物得以在更多的国家、大量且种类愈繁地销售。

然而随着全球贸易数额的增加与贸易复杂性的提升，因销售合同不恰当起草引致误解与高代价争端可能性也提高了。

国际贸易术语解释通则这一用于国内与国际贸易事项的国际商会规则使得全球贸易行为更便捷。

在销售合同中参引国际贸易术语解释通则2010可清晰界定各方义务并降低法律纠纷的风险。

自1936年国际商会创制国际贸易术语以来，这项在全球范围内普遍被接受的合同标准经常更新，以保持与国际贸易发展步调一致。

国际贸易术语解释通则2010版考虑到了全球范围内免税区的扩展，商业交往中电子通讯运用的增多，货物运输中安保问题关注度的提高以及运输实践中的许多变化。

国际贸易术语解释通则2010更新并加强了“交货规则”——规则的总数从13降到11，并为每一规则提供了更为简洁和清晰的解释。

国际贸易术语解释通则2010同时也是第一部使得所有解释对买方与卖方呈现中立的贸易解释版本。

国际商会商法和实践委员会成员来自世界各地和所有贸易领域，该委员会宽泛的专业技能确保了国际贸易术语解释通则2010与各地的商贸需要照应。

国际商会向Fabio Bortolotti（意大利）的商法和实践委员会的成员表示谢意，向由Charles Debattista（副组长，英国），Christoph Martin Radtke （副组长，法国），Jens Bredow （德国），Johnny Herre （瑞典），David Lwee（英国），Lauri Railas （芬兰），Frank Reynold（美国），Miroslav Subert （捷克）组成的起草小组致谢，并且向对11条规则的表述给予帮助的Asko Raty （芬兰）致谢。

2010国际贸易术语中FOB／CIF／CFR与2000的区别

2010国际贸易术语中FOB／CIF／CFR与2000的区别随着当即国际经济与贸易的发展，为了使贸易术语能更加适应世界上无关税区的发展、国际货物交易中越来越多的使用到店咨询以及各种运输方式的变化，2010年9月27日，国际商会正式推出《国际贸易术语解释通则2010》。

较Incoterms 2000，Incoterms 2010首次正式明确贸易术语不仅适用于国际销售合同，也适用于国内销售合同。

同时内容上也有所变化，下面主要谈谈贸易术语中常用的三大术语FOB、CIF和CFR的变化。

一、“风险界点”的变化Incoterms 2010不再设定“船舷”的界限，而是以货物在装运港口被装上船时为界，不设定一个明确的风险临界点。

只强调卖方承担货物装上船为止的一切风险，买方承当货物自装运港装上船开始起的一切风险。

这样，买卖双方的风险以货物在装运港装上船时为界，更加符合装船作业的实际情况。

二、严格规定贸易术语运输方式的使用范围随着国际贸易运输方式的发展，多式联运、集装箱运输和滚装船运输的广泛运用，Incoterms 2010希望能用更为确切的适用于各种运输方式的贸易术语来取传统的FOB、CFR、CIF。

例如，对FOB术语的定义除了把原来的风险界点从“装运港船舷”改为“装运港装上船”外，还特意加了“如果货物在装船前就被交付承运人，例如集装箱货物通常在港区交付，则不宜用FOB术语，此类情形应使用FCA术语”。

另外，贸易术语在新的分类中将FOB、CIF、CFR归类于只适用于海运或内河运输，更明确了这三种术语的适用范围，防止滥用。

三、码头装卸费的明确。

Incoterms 2010中的CIF、CFR规定卖方承担到目的港的港运费，但不承担目的港的卸船费用、目的港水域驳运费用以及转运环节费用，不过同时仍然建议双方在合同中明确规定码头装卸费的承担。

这样就避免了在Incoterms 2000规定下，买方可能为一次服务付两次费的情况，即已由卖方支付的包含在货物价格中的运输相关费用，承运人或码头运营商再次向买方收取的。

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则(中文完整版)解析

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则(中文完整版)解析范本1：一、引言本文档解释了2010年国际贸易术语解释通则的内容，旨在明确各项国际贸易术语的含义和适用范围，为国际贸易提供统一的规范。

二、术语解释2.1 EXW（……地方）（按货物所在地命名）EXW（……地方）术语表示卖方履行交货义务的责任仅限于将货物交于买方指定地点的出口国境交界处或其他约定地点，卖方无义务办理出口通关手续。

2.2 FCA（……装运地）（按货物所在地命名）FCA（……装运地）术语表示卖方完成装货义务的责任在货物交于第一运输公司时为止，卖方须将货物交至买方指定的装运地点，并负责办理出口通关手续。

2.3 CFR（……目的港）或CIF（……目的港）（按货物所在地命名及港口名称）CFR（……目的港）或CIF（……目的港）术语表示卖方负责交货义务直到将货物交至目的港的船上，并负责办理出口通关手续，但不负责货物进入目的港的进口通关和支付目的港的进口费用。

3、附件本文档涉及的附件包括以下内容：附件1：国际贸易术语解释通则2010年完整版（中文版）附件2：国际贸易术语解释通则2010年完整版（英文版）附件3：国际贸易术语解释通则2010年常见问题解答4、法律名词及注释4.1 国际贸易术语解释通则：国际商会发布的关于国际贸易术语的准则，旨在统一术语的含义和适用范围。

4.2 EXW：指货物出厂价。

4.3 FCA：指卖方完成装货义务的责任。

4.4 CFR：指卖方负责交货义务直到将货物交至目的港的船上。

------------------------------------------------------------范本2：一、前言本文档是2010年国际贸易术语解释通则的解析，目的是明确各个国际贸易术语的定义和适用情况，为全球贸易提供规范和参考。

二、术语解释2.1 EXW（……地方）（按货物所在地命名）EXW术语表示卖方将货物交由买方指定的地点进行交接，卖方无义务办理出口通关手续。

2010国际贸易术语解释通则

RULES FOR ANY MODE OR MODES OF TRANSPORTEX WORKSEXW (insert named place of delivery) Incoterms 2010GUIDANCE NOTEThis rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed.It is suitable for domestic trade, while FCA is usually more appropriate for international trade. “Ex Works” means that the seller delivers when it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the seller‟s premises or at another named place (i.e., works, factory, warehouse, etc.). The seller does not need to load the goods on any collecting vehicle, nor does it need to clear the goods for export, where such clearance is applicable.The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the point within the named place of delivery, as the costs and risks to that point are for the account of the seller. The buyer bears all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the agreed point, if any, at the named place of delivery.EXW represents the minimum obligation for the seller. The rule should be used with care as:a) The seller has no obligation to the buyer to load the goods, even though in practice the seller may be in a better position to do so. If the seller does load the goods, it does so at the buyer‟s risk and expense. In cases where the seller is in a better position to load the goods, FCA, which obliges the seller to do so at its own risk and expense, is usually more appropriate.b) A buyer who buys from a seller on an EXW basis for export needs to be aware that the seller has an obligation to provide only such assistance as the buyer may require to effect that export: the seller is not bound to organize the export clearance. Buyers are therefore well advised not to use EXW if they cannot directly or indirectly obtain export clearance.c) The buyer has limited obligations to provide to the seller any information regarding the export of the goods. However, the seller may need this information for, e.g., taxation or reporting purposes.A THE SELLER‟ OBLIGATIONSA1 General obligations of the sellerThe seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities Where applicable, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer‟s request, risk and expense, assistance in obtaining any export licence, or other official authorization necessary for the export of the goods.Where applicable, the seller must provide, at the buyer‟s request, risk and expense, any information in the possession of the seller that is required for the security clearance of the goods. A3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of carriage.b) Contract of insuranceThe seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of insurance. However, the seller mustprovide the buyer, at the buyer‟s request, risk and expense (if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance.A4 DeliveryThe seller must deliver the goods by placing them at the disposal of the buyer at the agreed point, if any, at the named place of delivery, not loaded on any collecting vehicle. If no specific point has been agreed within the named place of delivery, and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point that best suits its purpose. The seller must deliver the goods on the agreed date or within the agreed period.B THE BUYER‟ OBLIGATIONSB1 General obligations of the buyerThe buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale.Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalitiesWhere applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export and import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the export of the goods.B3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of carriage.b) Contract of insuranceThe buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance.B4 Taking deliveryThe buyer must take delivery of the goods when A4 and A7 have been complied with.A5 Transfer of risksThe seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4 with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described inB5.A6 Allocation of costsThe seller must pay all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as envisaged in B6.A7 Notices to the buyerThe seller must give the buyer any notice needed to enable the buyer to take delivery of the goods. A8 Delivery documentThe seller has no obligation to the buyer.B5 Transfer of risksThe buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4. If the buyer fails to give notice in accordance with B7, then thebuyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods.B6 Allocation of costsThe buyer must:a) pay all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4;b)pay any additional costs incurred by failing either to take delivery of the goods when they have been placed at its disposal or to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods;c)pay, where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges, as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon export; andd) reimburse all costs and charges incurred by the seller in providing assistance as envisaged in A2.B7 Notices to the sellerThe buyer must, whenever it is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period and/or the point of taking delivery within the named place, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.B8 Proof of deliveryThe buyer must provide the seller with appropriate evidence of having taken delivery.A9 Checking –packaging –markingThe seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, and counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.The seller must, at its own expense, package the goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to transport the type of goods sold unpackaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their transport, unless the buyer has notified the seller of specific packaging requirements before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.A10 Assistance with information and related costsThe seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buy er, at the buyer‟s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the buyer needs for the export and/or import of the goods and/or for their transport to the final destination.B9 Inspection of goodsThe buyer must pay the costs of any mandatory pre-shipment inspection, including inspection mandated by the authorities of the country of export.B10 Assistance with information and related costsThe buyer must, in a timely manner, advise the seller of any security information requirements so that the seller may comply with A10.The buyer must reimburse the seller for all costs and charges incurred by the seller in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in A10.Free CarrierFCA (insert named place of delivery) Incoterms 2010GUIDANCE NOTEThis rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed. “Free Carrier” means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the seller‟s premises or another named place. The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the point within the named place of delivery, as the risk passes to the buyer at that point. If the parties intend to deliver the goods at the seller‟s premises, they should identify the address of those premises as the named place of delivery. If, on the other hand, the parties intend the goods to be delivered at another place, they must identify a different specific place of delivery.FCA requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.A THE SELLER‟ OBLIGATIONSA1 General obligations of the sellerThe seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract.Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalitiesWhere applicable, the seller must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.A3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of carriage. However, if requested by the buyer or if it is commercial practice and the buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on usual terms at the buyer‟s ri sk and expense. In either case, the seller may decline to make the contract of carriage and, if it does, shall promptly notify the buyer.b) Contract of insuranceThe seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer‟s request, risk, and expense (if any), with information thatthe buyer needs for obtaining insurance.A4 DeliveryThe seller must deliver the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the agreed point, if any, at the named place on the agreed date or within the agreed period.Delivery is completed:a) If the named place is the seller‟s premises, when the goods have been loaded on the means of transport provided by the buyer.b) In any other case, when the goods are placed at the disposal of the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer on the seller‟s means of transport ready for unloading.If no specific point has been notified by the buyer under B7 d) within the named place of delivery, and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point that best suits its purpose.B THE BUYER‟ OBLIGATIONSB1 General obligations of the buyerThe buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale.Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalitiesWhere applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transport through any country.B3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe buyer must contract at its own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named place of delivery, except when the contract of carriage is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a).b) Contract of insuranceThe buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance.B4 Taking deliveryThe buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered as envisaged in A4. Unless the buyer notifies the seller otherwise, the seller may deliver the goods for carriage in such a manner as the quantity and/or nature of the goods may require.A5 Transfer of risksThe seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described inB5.A6 Allocation of costsThe seller must paya) all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as envisaged in B6; andb) where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export.B5 Transfer of risksThe buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4.Ifa) the buyer fails in accordance with B7 to notify the nomination of a carrier or another person as envisaged in A4 or to give notice; orb) the carrier or person nominated by the buyer as envisaged in A4 fails to take the goods into its charge, then, the buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods:(i) from the agreed date, or in the absence of an agreed date,(ii) from the date notified by the seller under A7 within the agreed period; or, if no such date has been notified,(iii) from the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods.B6 Allocation of costsThe buyer must paya) all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 b);b) any additional costs incurred, either because:(i) the buyer fails to nominate a carrier or another person as envisaged in A4, or(ii) the carrier or person nominated by the buyer as envisaged in A4 fails to take the goods into its charge, or(iii) the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods; andc) where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customsformalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their transport through any country. A7 Notices to the buyerThe seller must, at the buyer‟s risk and expense, give the buyer sufficient notice either that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 or that the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer has failed to take the goods within the time agreed.A8 Delivery documentThe seller must provide the buyer, at the seller‟s expense, with the usual proof that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4.The seller must provide assistance to the buyer, at the buyer‟s request, risk and expense, in obtaining a transport document.A9 Checking –packaging –markingThe seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordancewith A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipment inspection mandated by the authority of the country of export.The seller must, at its own expense, package the goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to transport the type of goods sold unpackaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their transport, unless the buyer has notified the seller of specific packaging requirements before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.A10 Assistance with information and related costs The seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buyer, at the buyer‟s request,risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the buyer needs for the import of the goods and/or for their transport to the final destination.B7 Notices to the sellerThe buyer must notify the seller ofa) the name of the carrier or another person nominated as envisaged in A4 within sufficient time as to enable the seller to deliver the goods in accordance with that article;b) where necessary, the selected time within the period agreed for delivery when the carrier or person nominated will take the goods;c) the mode of transport to be used by the person nominated; andd) the point of taking delivery within the named place.B8 Proof of deliveryThe buyer must accept the proof of delivery provided as envisaged in A8.B9 Inspection of goodsThe buyer must pay the costs of any mandatory pre-shipment inspection, except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.B10 Assistance with information and related costsThe buyer must, in a timely manner, advise the seller of any security information requirements so that the seller may comply with A10.The buyer must reimburse the seller for all costs and charges incurred by the seller in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in A10.The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs and charges incurred by the buyer in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in B10.The buyer must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtainingfor the seller, at the seller‟s request, risk and expense, any documents and information,including security-related information, that the seller needs for the transport and export of the goods and for their transport through any country.CARRIAGE PAID TOCPT (insert named place of destination) Incoterms 2010GUIDANCE NOTEThis rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed.“Carriage Paid To” means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between the parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.When CPT, CIP, CFR or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier and not when the goods reach the place of destination.This rule has two critical points, because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places. The parties are well advised to identify as precisely as possible in the contract both the place of delivery, where the risk passes to the buyer, and the named place of destination to which the seller must contract for the carriage. If several carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination and the parties do not agree on a specific point of delivery, the default position is that risk pa sses when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier at a point entirely of the seller‟s choosing and over which thebuyer has no control. Should the parties wish the risk to pass at a later stage (e.g., at an ocean port or airport), they need to specify this in their contract of sale. The parties are also well advised to identify as precisely as possible the point within the agreed place of destination, as the costs to that point are for the account of the seller. The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely. If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related to unloading at the named place of destination, the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties.CPT requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.A THE SELLER‟ OBLIGATION SA1 General obligations of the sellerThe seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities Where applicable, the seller must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods, and for their transport through any country prior to delivery.A3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe seller must contract or procure a contract for the carriage of the goods from the agreed pointof delivery, if any, at the place of delivery to the named place of destination or, if agreed, any point at that place. The contract of carriage must be made on usual terms at t he seller‟s expense and provide for carriage by the usual route and in a customary manner. If a specific point is not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller may select the point of delivery and the point at the named place of destination that best suit its purpose.b) Contract of insuranceThe seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer‟s request, risk, and expense (if any), with information thatthe buyer needs for obtaining insurance.A4 DeliveryThe seller must deliver the goods by handing them over to the carrier contracted in accordance with A3 on the agreed date or within the agreed period.B THE BUYER‟ OBLIGATIONSB1 General obligations of the buyerThe buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale. Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transport through any country.B3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of carriage.b) Contract of insuranceThe buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance. However, the buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for obtaining insurance.B4 Taking deliveryThe buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered as envisaged in A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named place of destination.A5 Transfer of risksThe seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described in B5.A6 Allocation of costs The seller must paya) all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as envisaged in B6;b) the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a), including the costs of loading the goods and any charges for unloading at the place of destination that were for the seller‟s account underthe contract of carriage; andc) where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export, and the costs for their transport through any country that were for the seller‟s account under the contract of carriage.A7 Notices to the buyerThe seller must notify the buyer that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4.The seller must give the buyer any notice needed in order to allow the buyer to take measures that are normally necessary to enable the buyer to take the goods.B5 Transfer of risksThe buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4. If the buyer fails to give notice in accordance with B7, it mustbear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods.B6 Allocation of costsThe buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), paya) all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 c);b) all costs and charges relating to the goods while in transit until their arrival at the agreed place of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller‟s account under the contract of carriage;c) unloading costs, unless such costs were for the seller‟s account under the contract of carriage;d) any additional costs incurred if the buyer fails to give notice in accordance with B7, from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for dispatch, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods; ande) where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges, as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their transport through any country, unless included within the cost of the contract of carriage.B7 Notices to the sellerThe buyer must, whenever it is entitled to determine the time for dispatching the goods and/or the named place of destination or the point of receiving the goods within that place, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.If customary or a t the buyer‟s request, the seller must provide the buyer, at the seller‟s expense, with the usual transport document[s] for the transport contracted in accordance with A3.This transport document must cover the contract goods and be dated within the period agreed for shipment. If agreed or customary, the document must also enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier at the named place of destination and enable the buyer to sell the goods in transit by the transfer of the document to a subsequent buyer or by notification to the carrier.When such a transport document is issued in negotiable form and in several originals, a full set of originals must be presented to the buyer.A9 Checking –packaging –markingThe seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipment inspection mandated by the authority of the country of export. The seller must, at its own expense, package the goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to transport the type of goods sold unpackaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their transport, unless the buyer has notified the seller of specific packaging requirements before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.。

《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》

《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》在全球化的经济环境中，国际贸易日益频繁和复杂。

为了规范国际贸易中的交易流程、明确各方的责任和义务，国际商会（ICC）制定了《国际贸易术语解释通则》。

其中，2010 年版的通则在贸易实践中具有重要的指导作用。

2010 国际贸易术语解释通则涵盖了 11 种贸易术语，分别是 EXW （工厂交货）、FCA（货交承运人）、CPT（运费付至）、CIP（运费、保险费付至）、DAT（运输终端交货）、DAP（目的地交货）、DDP （完税后交货）、FAS（船边交货）、FOB（船上交货）、CFR（成本加运费）、CIF（成本、保险费加运费）。

首先，我们来看看 EXW 这一术语。

在 EXW 条件下，卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点（如工场、工厂或仓库等）将货物交给买方处置时，即完成交货。

这意味着买方承担自卖方所在地将货物运至预期目的地的全部费用和风险。

这种术语对于买方来说，需要具备较强的运输和物流安排能力，但同时也赋予了买方最大的控制权。

FCA 术语则要求卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给由买方指定的承运人，并办理了出口清关手续，即完成交货。

与 EXW 相比，卖方在FCA 条件下需要承担将货物交给承运人之前的一切费用和风险。

CPT 和 CIP 术语在运费的承担上有所不同。

CPT 指卖方支付货物运至指定目的地的运费，而 CIP 则在此基础上，还需为买方办理货物在运输途中的保险。

这两种术语下，卖方承担货物交给承运人之后的风险，但在货物运输的安排和费用承担上有明确的规定。

DAT 和 DAP 是 2010 通则中新增的术语。

DAT 要求卖方在指定的运输终端将货物从抵达的载货运输工具上卸下，交由买方处置时完成交货；而 DAP 则是卖方在指定的目的地将仍处于抵达的运输工具上，且已做好卸货准备的货物交由买方处置时完成交货。

这两个术语在交货地点和风险转移的细节上有所区别，为贸易双方提供了更多的选择。

DDP 术语是卖方承担责任最大的术语，卖方需要在指定的目的地办理完进口清关手续，将在交货运输工具上尚未卸下的货物交与买方，完成交货。

2010年国际贸易术语解释通则 (INCOTERMS2010)

《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》INCOTERMS○R2010(国际商会第715号出版物)2010年1月1日起实施DAT（insert named terminal at port or place of destination）INCOTERMS○R2010终点站交货（填写目的港或目的地指定终点站）引言本术语可适用于任何运输方式，包括多式运输在内。

“终点站交货”是指卖方在指定目的港或目的地的指定终点站，将货物从到达的运输工具上卸下并交由买方处置时，即完成交货义务。

“终点站”包括任何地方，不论是露天的或有遮蔽的，例如码头、仓库、集装箱堆场或公路、铁路或航空货运站。

卖方负担将货物运至指定目的港或目的地终点站和卸货过程中的一切风险。

当事人应尽可能清楚地指明终点站，如果可能，指明在指定目的港或目的地内的一个特定地点，因为至该地点的风险归卖方负担。

卖方应取得一份符合该要求的具体的运输契约。

此外，如果当事人希望卖方将货物自该终点站运送至另一地方，并负担运送和处理货物的一切风险和费用，则应使用DAP或DDP 术语。

DA T术语要求卖方在清关适用的地方办理货物出口清关。

然而，卖方并无义务办理货物进口清关，支付任何进口关税或办理任何进口海关手续。

A卖方义务B 买方义务A1 卖方的一般义务卖方必须提供符合买卖合同要求的货物和商业发票，以及按合同规定需提供的任何其他证明货物符合合同的凭证。

A1至A10中所提及的任何单据，如当事人协商一致或者已另有惯例，均可为具有同等效力的电子记录或程序。

.B1 买方的一般义务买方必须依照买卖合同规定支付价款。

B1至B10中所提及的任何单据，如当事人协商一致或者已另有惯例，均可为具有同等效力的电子记录或程序。

.A2 许可证、核准书，安检以及其他手续在清关适用的地方，卖方必须自负风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方核准书，并办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续.B2许可证、核准书，安检以及其他手续在清关适用的地方，买方必须自负风险和费用，以取得任何进口许可证或其他官方核准书，并办理货物进口以及通A3 运输和保险合同a)运输合同卖方必须自付费用订立运输合同，将货物运至指定目的港或目的地的指定终点站。

《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》

关于《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》一、修订时间《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》(International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms 2010, 缩写Incoterms® 2010) 是国际商会根据国际货物贸易的发展，对《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》的修订，2010年9月27日公布，于2011年1月1日实施。

二、修订内容《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》删去了《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》4个术语：DAF (Delivered at Frontier)边境交货、DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货、DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay[kwi:])目的港码头交货、DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)未完税交货，新增了2个术语：DAT（delivered at terminal）在指定目的地或目的港的集散站交货、DAP（delivered at place）在指定目的地交货。

即用DAT取代了DEQ，DAP取代了DAF、DES和DDU三个术语，且扩展至适用于一切运输方式。

DAT（delivered at terminal）目的地或目的港的集散站交货类似于取代了的DEQ术语，指卖方在指定的目的地或目的港的集散站卸货后将货物交给买方处置即完成交货，术语所指目的地包括港口。

至指定的目的地或目的港的集散站的一切风险和费用（除进口费用外）。

本术语适用于任何运输方式或多式联运。

DAP（delivered at place）目的地交货类似于取代了的DAF、DES和DDU三个术语，指卖方在指定的目的地交货，只需做好卸货准备无需卸货即完成交货。

术语所指的到达车辆包括船舶，目的地包括港口。

卖方应承担将货物运至指定的目的地的一切风险和费用（除进口费用外）。

本术语适用于任何运输方式、多式联运方式及海运。

《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》

《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》(International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms 2010), 缩写Incoterms 2010 是国际商会根据国际货物贸易的发展，对《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》的修订，2010年9月27日公布，于2011年1月1日实施。

一、相对于INCOTERMS2000，Incoterms 2010的主要变化1.术语分类的调整:由2原来的EFCD 四组分为适用于两类：适用于各种运输方式和水运；2.贸易术语的数量由原来的13种变为11种；3.《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》删去了《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》4个术语：DAF (Delivered at Frontier)边境交货、DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货、DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay)目的港码头交货、DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)未完税交货；4.新增了2个术语：DA T（delivered at terminal）在指定目的地或目的港的集散站交货、DAP（delivered at place）在指定目的地交货。

即用DAP取代了DAF、DES和DDU三个术语，DA T取代了DEQ，且扩展至适用于一切运输方式；5.修订后的《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》取消了“船舷”的概念，卖方承担货物装上船为止的一切风险，买方承担货物自装运港装上船后的一切风险。

在FAS，FOB，CFR和CIF 等术语中加入了货物在运输期间被多次买卖（连环贸易）的责任义务的划分。

考虑到对于一些大的区域贸易集团内部贸易的特点，规定，Incoterms 2010不仅适用于国际销售合同，也适用于国内销售合同。

Incoterms2010 are arranged into the two distinct groups:Any Mode of TransportCIP –Carriage and Insurance PaidCPT –Carriage Paid ToDAP –Delivered At PlaceDAT –Delivered At TerminalDDP –Delivered Duty PaidEXW –Ex WorksFCA –Free CarrierSea and Inland Waterway Transport OnlyCFR –Cost and FreightCIF –Cost, Insurance and FreightFAS –Free Alongside ShipFOB –Free On Board第一组：适用于任何运输方式的术语七种：EXW、FCA、CPT、CIP、DAT、DAP、DDP。

Incoterms2010国际贸易术语解释通则2010(中文版)

Incoterms 2010 国际贸易术语解释通则2010 (中文版)摘要本文介绍了 Incoterms 2010 国际贸易术语解释通则的中文版，旨在帮助贸易参与者了解和运用国际贸易术语，以确保货物的交付和责任的划分在国际贸易中得到准确和一致的解释。

引言Incoterms，即国际贸易术语解释通则，是国际货物贸易中广泛使用的规则和标准，用于明确货物的交付地点、承担责任的时刻以及相关费用的分担。

Incoterms 2010 是由国际商会 (ICC) 制定的最新版本的国际贸易术语解释通则。

目的和适用范围Incoterms 2010 旨在为国际贸易参与者提供一个统一的、明确的和可预测的术语系统，以解决货物交付和责任划分的问题。

它适用于国际货物交易中的买卖双方，包括出口商、进口商、托运人、运输商等。

核心规则Incoterms 2010 包括11个术语，分别是：EXW（卖方厂内交货）、FCA（货运代理交货）、CPT（运费支付到指定地点）、CIP（保险费支付到指定地点）、DAT（交货到指定地点）、DAP（交货到指定地点）、DDP（交货到指定地点）、FAS（装运港交货）、FOB （装船港交货）、CFR（成本加运费）和CIF（成本加保险费）。

主要特点Incoterms 2010 的主要特点包括：明确了买卖双方的责任和义务，明确了货物的交付地点和时刻，规定了相关费用的分担方式，提供了不同运输方式和多式联运的适用规则，规定了通知义务的履行方式等。

术语的解释和应用Incoterms 2010 对每个术语给出了详细的解释和应用方式，以确保各方对术语的理解一致和准确。

贸易参与者应仔细阅读和理解每个术语的含义和适用条件，在实际操作中进行正确的运用。

风险和责任的转移Incoterms 2010 明确规定了风险和责任的转移时刻，即责任从卖方转移到买方的具体时间点。

贸易参与者应根据具体的术语选择合适的保险和交付方式，以确保在风险和责任转移时刻能够得到充分的保护和控制。