审计报告英文版(全)

2023 审计报告英文版

2023 审计报告英文版全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：2023 Audit ReportIntroductionThe 2023 Audit Report provides a comprehensive overview of the financial status and operations of the company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The audit was conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and included a review of the company's financial statements, internal controls, and compliance with relevant regulations.Financial PerformanceBalance SheetInternal ControlsComplianceRisks and Challenges第二篇示例：2023 Audit ReportFinancial PerformanceOur audit revealed that the majority of the companies examined in 2023 showed promising financial performance. The revenue growth of the companies was steady, and most of them reported healthy profit margins. However, there were instances where the financial statements were not prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles. These discrepancies were due to errors in recording transactions or improper classification of expenses. We recommend that companies improve their financial reporting processes to ensure accuracy and transparency.RecommendationsBased on our findings, we offer the following recommendations to the companies audited in 2023:第三篇示例：2023 Audit ReportIntroductionFinancial PerformanceThe company's financial performance in 2023 was strong, with total revenue increasing by 10% compared to the previousyear. This growth was driven by an increase in sales of new products and services, as well as improved efficiency in operations. The company's gross margin also improved by 2% due to cost-saving initiatives and better pricing strategies. Overall, the company's profitability increased, with net income growing by 15% compared to the previous year.Balance SheetInternal ControlsCompliance第四篇示例：2023 Audit ReportExecutive Summary:The 2023 Audit Report provides a comprehensive overview of the financial statements and operations of the company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. This report includes an assessment of the company's financial position, internal controls, compliance with regulations, and recommendations for improvement.Financial Statements:Internal Controls:Compliance:Recommendations:Based on our audit findings, we have the following recommendations for the company to strengthen its financial controls and operations:。

保留意见的审计报告英文版

保留意见的审计报告英文版Audit Report with Reserved Opinions。

Introduction。

This audit report presents the findings and conclusions of the audit conducted on the financial statements of XYZ Company for the year ended December 31, 20XX. The audit was performed in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards to provide an independent assessment of the company's financial position and performance.Audit Scope。

The audit scope included a review of the company's financial statements, internal controls, compliance with laws and regulations, and other relevant information. The audit was conducted by a team of experienced auditors who followed a systematic approach to gather evidence and assess the company's financial reporting practices.Audit Findings。

During the audit, we identified certain issues that led to the expression of reserved opinions on the financial statements. These issues are summarized below:1. Revenue Recognition: The company's revenue recognition policies were not consistently applied, leading to uncertainties in the recognition of revenue from certain contracts. This has the potential to impact the accuracy of the financial statements.2. Inventory Valuation: The valuation of inventory was not adequately supported by sufficient evidence, raising concerns about the accuracy of the reported inventory balances. This could affect the company's profitability and financial position.3. Internal Controls: Weaknesses were identified in the company's internal control environment, particularly in the areas of segregation of duties and monitoring of financial transactions. These deficiencies increase the risk of errors and fraud going undetected.4. Related Party Transactions: The company engaged in transactions with related parties that were not adequately disclosed in the financial statements. This lack of transparency raises questions about the integrity of the financial reporting process.Conclusion。

会计师事务所英文审计报告

会计师事务所英文审计报告（中英文版）Audit Report by Accounting FirmThe audit report prepared by our esteemed accounting firm is a comprehensive evaluation of the financial statements for the fiscal year ended.It is our professional opinion that the financial records present a true and fair view of the company"s financial performance and position.会计师事务所英文审计报告本所尊贵的会计师事务所编制的审计报告对截至财务年度末的财务报表进行了全面评估。

我们专业认为，这些财务记录真实公允地反映了公司的财务业绩与财务状况。

Methodology and FindingsOur audit was conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, employing a risk-based approach.We found the internal controls to be effective, with no material misstatements detected in the financial statements.方法和发现本次审计是根据普遍接受的审计标准进行的，采用了风险导向的方法。

我们发现内部控制有效，财务报表中没有发现重大错报。

Opinions and RecommendationsBased on our examination, it is our opinion that the financial statements are free from material misstatement.However, we recommendthe company to enhance its inventory management system to mitigate the risk of potential fraud.意见与建议根据我们的审查，我们认为财务报表在重大方面没有错报。

英文版公司审计报告

英文版公司审计报告Title: Company Audit ReportThis comprehensive audit report aims to provide a detailed analysis of the financial statements, internal controls, and operational efficiency of the company. The audit was conducted in accordance with internationally recognized auditing standards and guidelines to ensure accuracy, reliability, and transparency of the reported information.$$I. Introduction$$The audit was initiated to evaluate the company's financial position, performance, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. The audit team comprised qualified auditors with extensive experience in the industry, ensuring a thorough and unbiased assessment.**II. Audit Scope and Objectives**The audit scope encompassed the financial statements, including the balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, and related notes. The objectives were to assess the fairness, accuracy, and completeness of the financialstatements, evaluate the effectiveness of internal controls, and identify any potential risks or issues that may affect the company's financial health.**III. Financial Statement Audit**The audit team conducted a detailed review of the financial statements, comparing them with supporting documents and records. The audit focused on revenue recognition, cost allocation, asset valuation, andliability accounting. The team also examined the company's accounting policies and procedures to ensure compliancewith accounting standards.Overall, the financial statements were found to be fair, accurate, and complete, reflecting the company's financial position and performance. However, the audit identified a few minor inconsistencies and inaccuracies in the recording of certain transactions, which were promptly rectified by the company.**IV. Internal Control Audit**The audit team evaluated the effectiveness of the company's internal controls, including financial reporting,risk management, and compliance with policies and procedures. The audit focused on the design and implementation of controls, as well as their operating effectiveness.The audit revealed that the company has established robust internal controls, which are generally effective in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of financial reporting. However, the team identified a few areas for improvement, such as enhancing the segregation of duties and improving the monitoring of financial transactions. The company has been advised to address these issues to further strengthen its internal controls.**V. Operational Efficiency Audit**The audit team also assessed the operational efficiency of the company, examining its processes, systems, and resources. The audit aimed to identify any inefficiencies or bottlenecks that may hinder the company's performance. The audit found that the company has well-established operational processes and systems that support its business activities. However, there are opportunities for improvement in terms of optimizing resource utilization andenhancing the efficiency of certain processes. The audit team has provided recommendations to the company for implementing these improvements.**VI. Compliance Audit**The audit team also examined the company's compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards. This included a review of the company's tax filings, labor practices, and environmental policies.The audit concluded that the company has generally adhered to the required standards and regulations. However, the team identified a few areas where the company could further enhance its compliance efforts, such as improving its documentation and reporting procedures.**VII. Conclusion**Overall, the audit report provides a positive assessment of the company's financial health, internal controls, and operational efficiency. While some minor issues and areas for improvement were identified, the company has demonstrated a commitment to addressing these issues and enhancing its overall performance.The audit team recommends that the company continue to strengthen its internal controls, optimize its operational processes, and enhance its compliance efforts to maintain its financial stability and competitiveness in the market. It is important to note that this audit report represents a snapshot of the company's financial and operational status at a specific point in time. Continuous monitoring and periodic audits are essential to ensure that the company maintains its financial integrity and operational efficiency over time.。

审计报告英文

审计报告英文Auditing ReportDate: [Date]To: [Recipient]From: [Auditor]Subject: Auditing ReportIntroduction:This report presents the findings and conclusions of the audit conducted by [Auditor] for the period [Audit Period]. The objective of the audit was to assess the financial statements and internal controls of [Company/Organization] to ensure accuracy, transparency, and compliance with relevant regulations and standards.Scope:The audit covered the financial records, statements, and relevant internal controls of [Company/Organization] for the period [Audit Period].Findings:1. Financial Statements:- The financial statements of [Company/Organization] were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and provide a true and fair view of the financialposition, performance, and cash flows of the organization during the audit period.- No material misstatements were identified in the financial statements.2. Internal Controls:- The internal controls of [Company/Organization] were found to be adequate and effective in ensuring the accuracy and reliabilityof financial reporting.- However, some minor control weaknesses were identified in [specific area], which management should address to strengthen internal controls.3. Compliance:- [Company/Organization] demonstrated compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and internal policies governing its operations.- No instances of non-compliance were observed during the audit. Recommendations:Based on the audit findings, the following recommendations are provided for consideration:1. Address the control weaknesses identified in [specific area] by implementing appropriate remedial measures to strengthen internal controls.Conclusion:In conclusion, the audit of [Company/Organization] for the period [Audit Period] resulted in a positive assessment of the financialstatements, internal controls, and compliance with relevant regulations. The management of [Company/Organization] is encouraged to implement the recommended actions to further enhance financial transparency and control effectiveness.If you have any queries or require further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.[Sincerely/Best regards],[Auditor][Audit Firm][Contact Information]。

审计报告说明中英文版

审计报告说明中英文版审计报告说明中英文版审计报告 Auditors’Report 德信(20XX)审字第 XXXXX 号 De Xin (20XX) Audit No. XXXXXXXX ABC股份有限公司全体股东: To the shareholders of ABC Co., Ltd. (the “Company”): 我们审计了后附的ABC股份有限公司(以下简称“贵公司”)及其子公司和合营企业(以下统称“贵集团”)财务报表，包括20XX 年12月31日的合并及母公司资产负债表、20XX年度的合并及母公司利润及利润分配表、股东权益增减变动表和现金流量表以及财务报表附注。

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of ABC (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Group”) as of 31st December 20XX and the related consolidated in come statement, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated cash flow statement for the year then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes. 一、管理层对财务报表的责任按照企业会计准则和《企业会计制度》的规定编制财务报表是贵公司管理层的责任。

这种责任包括：(1) 设计、实施和维护与财务报表编制相关的`内部控制，以使财务报表不存在由于舞弊或错误而导致的重大错报；(2) 选择和运用恰当的会计政策；(3) 作出合理的会计估计。

四大审计报告英文版精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版四大审计报告英文版Independent Auditors' ReportJYSZ (xx) No. 16013To China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation:We have audited the aompanying balance sheets of China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation (the "Company" ) as of December 31, xx and the related statements of ine, cash flows, statement of equity changes and notes to the financial statements for the year then ended.Responsibilities of managementThe Company's directors are responsible for the preparation of financial statements in pliance with Enterprise Aounting System and Aounting Standards for Business Enterprises. Such responsibilities include the following: (1) design, implementation and maintenance of financial statements and related internal controls, so there is no material misstatement due to fraud or error; (2) the selection and application of appropriate aounting policies; (3) reasonable aounting estimate.Responsibilities of auditorsOur responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audit in aordance with ChineseCertified Public Aountants Auditing Standards. Those standards require us to ply with the.professional ethics and to plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.。

2023年度财务审计报告英文版

2023年度财务审计报告英文版2023 Financial Audit ReportIn the year 2023, our financial audit report reflects a comprehensive overview of the organization's financial status. This detailed analysis covers various aspects of the company's financial health, including revenue, expenses, assets, and liabilities.The audit report highlights the company's financial performance over the past year, identifying areas of strength and potential areas for improvement. Through meticulous examination of financial records and transactions, we have ensured the accuracy and reliability of the information presented in the report.Our audit team has conducted thorough evaluations of the company's financial statements to assess their compliance with accounting standards and regulations. We have also reviewed internal controls and risk management processes to provide insights into the company's financial management practices.Overall, the 2023 financial audit report serves as a valuable tool for stakeholders, providing them with a transparent and reliable assessment of the company's financial position. It offers valuable insights that can help guide decision-making and strategic planning for the future.As we move forward, it is essential for the company to continue maintaining high standards of financial transparency and accountability. By adhering to best practices in financial management, the company can ensure long-term success and sustainability in a competitive business environment.In conclusion, the 2023 financial audit report represents a significant milestone in the company's financial journey, providing a clear picture of its financial standing and performance. It serves as a testament to the company's commitment to financial integrity and excellence.。

财务审计报告英文版格式

财务审计报告英文版格式Audit ReportTo the Board of Directors and Shareholders of XYZ CorporationWe have audited the accompanying balance sheets of XYZ Corporation (the 'Company') as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Webelieve that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of XYZ Corporation as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.ABC Auditing Firm。

审计报告模板英文

英文审计报告模板审计报告 2009-05-20 21:52:50 阅读260 评论0 字号:大中小订阅审计报告auditors’ report 安永华明(2007)审字第 xxxxx 号ernst & young hua ming (2007) audit no. xxxxxxxx abc股份有限公司全体股东: 我们审计了后附的abc股份有限公司(以下简称“贵公司”)及其子公司和合营企业(以下统称“贵集团”)财务报表,包括2006年12月31日的合并及母公司资产负债表、2006年度的合并及母公司利润及利润分配表、股东权益增减变动表和现金流量表以及财务报表附注。

accounting policies and other explanatory notes.一、管理层对财务报表的责任按照企业会计准则和《企业会计制度》的规定编制财务报表是贵公司管理层的责任。

这种责任包括:(1) 设计、实施和维护与财务报表编制相关的内部控制,以使财务报表不存在由于舞弊或错误而导致的重大错报;(2) 选择和运用恰当的会计政策;(3) 作出合理的会计估计。

1. management’s responsibility for the financial statements the management isresponsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statementsin accordance with the accounting standards for businessenterprises and chinaaccounting system for business enterprises. this responsibility includes: (i)designing, implementing and maintaining (转载于:审计报告模板英文)internal controlrelevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that arefree from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; (ii) selecting andapplying appropriate accounting policies; and (iii) making accounting estimates thatare reasonable inthe circumstances.二、注册会计师的责任我们的责任是在实施审计工作的基础上对财务报表发表审计意见。

(完整版)审计报告参考范本(2018英文版小准则)

Auditor's ReportAuditor’s Ref.:To the shareholders of ABC Co., Ltd.,I. OpinionWe have audited the financial statements of ABC Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "the Company"), which comprise the balance sheet as at December 31, 2017, and the income statement, the statement of cash flows for the year then ended and notes to the financial statements.In our opinion, the attached financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with Accounting Standards for Small Business Enterprises and present fairly the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2017 and its operating results and cash flows for the year then ended.II. Basis for Our OpinionWe conducted our audit in accordance with the Auditing Standards for Certified Public Accountants in China. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. According to the Code of Ethics for Chinese CPA, we are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics for Chinese CPA and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.III. Other informationThe management of the Company is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises information of the Company's annual report in 2017, but excludes the financial statements and our auditor's report.Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.If, based on the work we have performed on the other information that we obtained prior to the date of this auditor's report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.IV. Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial StatementsThe Company's management is responsible for preparing the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standards for Small Business Enterprises to achieve a fair presentation, and for designing, implementing and maintaining internal control that is necessary to ensure that the financial statements are free from material misstatements, whether due to frauds or errors.In preparing the financial statements, management of the Company is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reporting process.V. Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial StatementsOur objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with the audit standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.As part of an audit in accordance with the audit standards, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:(1) Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.(2) Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances,but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control(3) Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management of the Company.(4) Conclude on the appropriateness of using the going concern assumption by the management of the Company, and conclude, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertaintyexists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.(5) Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit matters, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.Certified Public Accountant of China:Certified Public Accountant of China:XYZ Certified Public Accountants Co., Ltd.Guangdong, ChinaMarch 23, 2018附：审计报告2018中文标准版（小企业会计准则）审计报告审计报告文号: ABC有限公司股东：一、审计意见我们审计了后附的ABC有限公司（以下简称贵公司）财务报表，包括2017年12月31日的资产负债表、2017年度的利润表和现金流量表以及财务报表附注。

AUDITOR’S REPORTYue Hua Shen / Yan Zi (2014) No. 0002ICPA filing number: 020201401000420To all shareholders of ****** Co., Ltd:We have audited the accompanying financial statements of ****** Co., Ltd (“Your Company”), which comprise the balance sheet as of 31 December 2013, the income statement,statement of changes in owner's equity and cash flow statement for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements.I. Management’s responsibility for the financial statementsManagement of your Company is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements. This responsibility includes: (1) in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and its relevant provisions, preparing the financial statements and reflecting fair presentation; (2) designing, implementing and maintaining the necessary internal control in order to free financial statements from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.II. Auditors' responsibilityOur responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Chinese Certified Public Accountants Auditing Standards. Thosestandards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors' judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider the internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.III. OpinionIn our opinion, the financial statements of your Company have been prepared in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprise and its relevant provisions in all material respect, and present fairly the financial position of your Company as of 31 December2013, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the year then ended.Guangdong Huaxin Accounting Firm (general partner)Guangdong, ChinaChinese Certified Public Accountant:Chinese Certified Public Accountant:January 3, 2014BALANCE SHEETAS OF 31 DECEMBER 2013 Unit: RMB Yuan Company: ****** Co., LtdPrepared by: Audited by: Finance Manager: Company Leader:INCOME STATEMENTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013 Unit: RMB Yuan Company: ****** Co., LtdPrepared by: Audited by: Finance Manager: Company Leader:CASH FLOW STATEMENTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013 Unit: RMB Yuan Company: ****** Co., LtdPrepared by: Audited by: Finance Manager: Company Leader:STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN OWNERS’ EQUITYFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013Company: ****** Co., LtdLegal representative: Person in charge of accounting: Leader of accounting department:****** CO., LTDNOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013(All amounts in RMB Yuan) I. Company Profile******* Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the "Company") is a limited liability company (Sino-foreign joint venture) jointly invested and established by **** Co., Ltd. and ******* Limited on 24 June 2013. On December 26, 2013, the shareholders have been changed to ***** CO., LTD and ******* LIMITED.Business License of Enterprise Legal Person License No.:Legal Representative:Registered Capital: RMB (Paid-in Capital: RMB )Address:Business Scope: Financing and leasing business; leasing business; purchase of leased property from home and abroad; residue value treatment and maintenance of leased property; consulting and guarantees of lease transaction (articles involved in the industry license management would be dealt in terms of national relevant stipulations)II. Declaration on following Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises The financial statements made by the Company are in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises, which reflects the financial position, financial performance and cash flow ofthe Company truly and completely.III. Basic of preparation of financial statementsThe Company implements the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (‘Finance and Accounting [2006] No. 3”) issued by the Ministry of Finance on February 15, 2006 and the successive regulations. The Company prepares its financial statements on a going concern basis, and recognizes and measures its accounting items in compliance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises –Basic Standards and other relevant accounting standards, application guidelines and criteria for interpretation of provisions as well as the significant accounting policies and accounting estimates on the basis of actual transactions and events.IV. The main accounting policies, accounting estimates and changes Fiscal yearThe Company adopts the calendar year as its fiscal year from January 1 to December 31.Functional currencyRMB was the functional currency of the Company.Accounting measurement attributeThe Company adopts the accrual basis for accounting treatments and double-entry bookkeeping of borrowing for financial accounting. The historical cost is generally as the measurement attribute, and whenaccounting elements determined are in line with the requirements of Accounting Standards for Enterprises and can be reliably measured, the replacement cost, net realizable value and fair value can be used for measurement.Accounting method of foreign currency transactionsThe Company’s foreign currency transactions adopt approximate spot exchange rate of the transaction date to convert into RMB in accordance with systematic and rational method; on the balance sheet date, the foreign currency monetary items use the spot exchange rate of the balance sheet date. All balances of exchange arising from differences between the balance sheet date spot exchange rate and the initial recognition or the former balance sheet date spot exchange rate, except that the exchange gains and losses arising by borrowing foreign currency for the construction or production of assets eligible for capitalization are transacted in accordance with capitalization principles, are included in profit or loss in this period; the foreign currency non-monetary items measured at historical cost will still be converted with the spot exchange rate of the transaction date.The standard for recognizing cash equivalentWhen making the cash flow statement, cash on hand and deposits readily to be paid will be recognized as cash, and short-term (usually no more than three months), highly liquid and readily convertible to known amountsof cash with insignificant risk of changes in value are recognized as cash equivalent.Financial InstrumentsClassification, recognition and measurement of financial assets- The company at the time of initial recognition of financial assets divides it into the following four categories: financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period, loans and receivables, financial assets available for sale and held-to-maturity investments. Financial assets are measured at fair value when initially recognized. Relevant transaction costs of financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are recognized in profit or loss of this period, and relevant transaction costs of other categories of financial assets are recognized in the amount initially recognized.-- Financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period refer to the short-term sales financial assets, including financial assets held for trading or financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period designated upon initial recognition by the management. Financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are subsequently measured at fair value, and the interest or cash dividends obtained during the holding period will be recognizedas investment income, and the gains or losses of the change in fair value at the end of this period are recognized in the profit or loss in this period. When it is disposed, the difference between the fair value and the initial recorded amount is recognized as investment income, while adjusting gains from changes in the fair value.--Loans and receivables: the non-derivative financial assets without the price in an active market and with fixed and determinable recovery cost are classified as loans and receivables. Loans and receivables adopt the effective interest method and take amortized cost for subsequent measurement, and gains or losses arising from derecognition, impairment or amortization are included in the profit or loss of this period.-- Financial assets available for sale: including non-derivative financial assets available for sale recognized initially and other non-derivative financial assets except for loans and receivables, held-to-maturity investments and trading financial assets. Financial assets available for sale are subsequently measured at fair value, and interest or cash dividends obtained during the holding period will be recognized as investment income, and gains or losses arising from the changes in fair value at the end of this period are recognized directly in owners' equity until the financial asset is derecognized or impaired and then is recognized as the profit or loss in this period.-- Held-to-maturity investments: the non-derivative financial assetswith clear intention and ability to hold to maturity by the management of the company, a fixed maturity date and fixed or determinable payments are classified as held-to-maturity investments. Held-to-maturity investments adopt the effective interest method and take amortized cost for subsequent measurement, and gains or losses arising from derecognition, impairment or amortization are included in the profit or loss of this period.Classification, recognition and measurement of financial liabilities - The company at the time of initial recognition of financial liabilities divides it into the following two categories: financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period and other financial liabilities. Financial liabilities are measured at fair value when initially recognized. Relevant transaction costs of financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are recognized in profit or loss of this period, and relevant transaction costs of other financial liabilities are recognized in the amount initially recognized.-- Financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period include the trading financial liabilities and financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period designated upon initial recognition. Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at fairvalue, and the gains or losses of the change in fair value are recognized in the profit or loss in this period.-- Other financial liabilities: adopting the effective interest method and taking amortized cost for subsequent measurement. The gains or losses arising from derecognition or amortization is included in the profit or loss of this period.Requirements for derecognition of financial liabilitiesFinancial liabilities shall be entirely or partially derecognized if the present obligations derived from them are entirely or partially discharged. Where the Company enters into an agreement with a creditor so as to substitute the current financial liabilities with new ones, and the contract clauses of which are substantially different from those of the current ones, it shall recognize the new financial liabilities in place of the current ones. Where substantial revisions are made to some or all of the contract clauses of the current financial liabilities, the Company shall recognize the new financial liabilities after revision of the contract clauses in place of the current ones entirely or partially. Upon entire or partial derecognition of financial liabilities, differences between the carrying amounts of the derecognized financial liabilities and the consideration paid (including non-monetary assets surrendered or new financial liabilities assumed) are charged to profit or loss for the current period.Where the Company redeems part of its financial liabilities, it shall allocate the carrying amounts of the entire financial liabilities between the relative fair values of the parts that continue to be recognized and the derecognized parts on the redemption date. Differences between the carrying amounts allocated to the derecognized parts and the consideration paid (including non-monetary assets surrendered and the new financial liabilities assumed) are charged to profit or loss for the current period.Recognition and measurement for transfer of financial assetsIf the Company has transferred nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets to the transferee, they shall be derecognized. If it retains nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets, they shall not be derecognized and will be recognized as a financial liability. If the Company has not transferred nor retained nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets:(1) to give up the control of the financial assets to be derecognized; (2) not giving up control of the financial asset to be recognized based on the extent of its continuing involvement in the transferred financial assets and liabilities are recognized accordingly.If the transfer of entire financial assets satisfy the criteria for derecognition, differences between the amounts of the following two itemsshall be recognized in profit or loss for the current period: (1) the carrying amount of the transferred financial asset; (2) the aggregate consideration received from the transfer plus the cumulative amounts of the changes in the fair values originally recognized in the owners’ equity. If the partial transfer of financial assets satisfy the criteria for derecognition, the carrying amounts of the entire financial assets transferred shall be split into the derecognized and recognized parts according to their respective fair values and differences between the amounts of the following two items are charged to profit or loss for the current period: (1) the carrying amounts of the derecognized parts; (2) The aggregate consideration for the derecognized parts plus the portion of the accumulative amounts of the changes in the fair values of the derecognized parts which are originally recognized in the owners’ equity.Determination of the fair value of financial instruments- If financial instruments trade in an active market, the quoted price in an active market determines its fair value; if financial instrument trade not in an active market, the valuation techniques determine the fair value. Valuation techniques include recent market transaction price reference to the familiar situation and volunteer transaction, current fair value reference to other substantially similar financial instruments, discounted cash flow method and option pricing model and so on.Test and Provisions for impairment loss on financial assets--Except trading financial assets, the Company makes assessment on the carrying values of financial assets at the balance sheet date. If there is evidence that the fair value of specific financial asset has been impaired, provisions for impairment loss is made accordingly.-- Measurement of impairment of financial assets measured at amortized costIf there is objective evidence that the financial asset measured at amortized cost has been impaired, the carrying amount of the financial asset is written down to the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not yet occurred), and the amount of reduction is recognized as impairment loss and is recognized in the profit or loss of this period. The Company carries out the impairment test of significant single financial asset separately, carries out the impairment test on insignificant single financial asset from a single or combination of angles, and carries out the impairment test on single asset without objective evidence of impairment along with the financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics to constitute a combination, but does not carry out the impairment test on the provision for impairment of financial assets based on the single in the portfolio. In the subsequent period, if there is objective evidence that the value of financial asset has been restored and recognized relevant to theobjective matters occurring after the impairment, previously recognized impairment loss shall be reversed and charged into the profit or loss of this period. But the book value after the reversal should not exceed the amortized cost at the reversal date of the financial assets supposed no provision for impairment. When the financial assets measured at amortized cost actually occur loss, offset against the related provision for impairment.--Available for sale financial assetsIf there is objective evidence that an impairment of available for sale financial assets occurs, even though the financial asset has not been derecognised, the cumulative loss of decrease of the faire value originally recorded in the owner's equity should be transferred out and charged into the current profit and loss. The cumulative loss is the initial acquisition cost of available for sale financial assets, deducting the fair value of the withdrawing principal and amortization amount and impairment loss as well as net impairment amount originally charged into the profit or loss.Recognition and provision for bad debts of accounts receivableIf there is objective evidence that receivables are impaired at the end of this period, the carrying value will be written down to its present value of estimated future cash flows, and the amount of reduction is recognized as impairment loss and is recognized in the current profit orloss. Present value of estimated future cash flows is determined through future cash flows (excluding credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the original effective interest rate, taking into account the value of related collateral (less estimated disposal costs, etc.). Original effective interest rate is the actual interest rate when the receivables are recognized initially. The estimated future cash flows of short-term receivables have small difference from the present value, and the estimated future cash flows are not discounted in determining the related impairment loss.The significant single receivables are separately carried out impairment test at the end of this period, and if there is objective evidence that the impairment has occurred, based on the difference of the present value of future cash flows less than the book value, the impairment loss is recognized and the provision of bad debts is done. The significant single amount refers to top five receivable balances or the sum of payments accounting for more than 10% of receivable balances.If there is objective evidence that the individual non-significant receivables impairment has occurred, separate impairment test is done, the impairment loss is recognized and the provision for bad debts is done; other individual non-significant receivables and receivables not impaired after separate test are together divided into several combinations for impairment testing with aging as the similar credit riskcharacteristics, to determine the impairment loss and do provision for bad debts.In addition to separate provision for impairment of receivables, the company is based on the actual loss rate of receivable portfolio with the same or similar to the previous year and aging as the similar credit risk characteristics, and combines the current situation to determine the ratio of provision for bad debts as follows:Fixed assets and depreciation accounting methodRecognition criteria of fixed assets: fixed assets refer to tangible assets held for the purpose of producing commodities, providing services, renting or business management with useful lives exceeding one accounting year and high unit value.Classification of fixed assets: buildings and constructions, machinery equipment, transport equipment and office equipment.Fixed assets pricing and depreciation method: the fixed assets is priced based on actual cost and depreciated in a straight-line method. The estimated useful lives, estimated residual rate and annual depreciationrate of various categories of fixed assets are listed as follows:Impairment of fixed assets: the Company checks the fixed assets term by term at the end of the reporting period, and if the market continuing to fall or technological obsolescence, damage, long-term idle and other reasons result in fixed assets recoverable amount lower than its book value, in accordance with the difference provision for impairment of fixed assets, the impairment loss is recognized in fixed assets and can not be reversed in a subsequent accounting period. The recoverable amount is recognized based on the fair value of the assets deducting the net amount after disposal expenses and the present value of cash flows of the estimated future assets. The present value of the future cash flows of the asset is determined in accordance with the resulting estimated future cash flows in the process of continuous use and final disposal to select its appropriate discount rate and the amount of the discount.Accounting method of construction in progressThe construction in progress is priced on the actual cost, to temporarily transfer to fixed assets when reaching the intended use state in accordance with the project budget and the actual cost of the project, and to adjust the book value of fixed assets according to the actual cost after handling final settlement of accounts. Acquisition, construction or production of assets eligible for capitalization borrowed specifically or the interest on general borrowing costs and auxiliary expenses of specific borrowings occurred can be included in the cost of capital assets and subsequently recognized in the current profit or loss before the acquisition, construction or production of the qualifying asset reaches the intended use state or the sale state.Impairment of construction in progress: the Company conducts a comprehensive inspection of construction in progress at the end of the reporting period; if the construction in process is stopped for long time and will not be constructed in the next three years and the construction in progress brings great uncertainty to the economic benefits of enterprises due to backward performance or techniques and the construction in progress occurs impairment, the balance of recoverable amount of single construction in progress lower than the book value of construction in progress is for impairment provisions of construction in progress. Impairment loss on the construction in progress shall not bereversed in subsequent accounting periods once recognized.The pricing and amortizing of intangible assetsPricing of the intangible assets---The cost of outsourcing intangible assets shall be priced based on the actual expenditure directly attributable to intangible assets for the expected purpose.--- Expenditure on internal research and development projects is charged into the current profit or loss, and expense in the development stage can be recognized as intangible costs if meeting the criteria for capitalization.--- Intangible assets of investment is in accordance with the agreed value of the investment contract or agreement as costs, excluding not fair agreed value of the contract or agreement.--- Intangible assets of the debtor obtained in the non-cash asset cover debt method can be accepted; if the receivable creditor’s right is changed into intangible assets, then record according to the fair value of intangible assets.--- For non-monetary transaction intangible assets, the fair value and related taxes payable of non-monetary assets should be the accounting cost.Amortization of intangible assets: as for the intangible assets with limited service life, it is amortized by straight-line method when it isavailable for use within the service period. As for unforeseeable period of intangible assets bringing future economic benefits to the company, it is regarded as intangible assets with uncertain service life, and intangible assets with uncertain service life can not be amortized. The Company’s intangible assets include land use rights, forest land use rights and the production and marketing information management software. The land use rights are amortized averagely in accordance with 50 years of service life, forest land use rights are amortized averagely in accordance with 30 years of service life, and the production and marketing information management software are amortized averagely in accordance with 5 years of service life.Expenditures arising from development phase on internal research and development projects can be recognized as intangible assets when satisfying all of the following conditions: (1) there is technical feasibility of completing the intangible assets so that they will be available for use or sale; (2) there is intention to complete and use or sell the intangible assets; (3) the method that the intangible assets generate economic benefits, including existence of a market for products produced by the intangible assets or for the intangible assets themselves, shall be proved. Or, if to be used internally, the usefulness of the intangible assets shall be proved; (4) adequate technical, financial, and other resources are available to complete the development of intangibleassets, and the Company has the ability to use or sell the intangible assets; (5) the expenditures arising from development phase of the intangible assets can be measured reliably.Impairment of intangible assets: the Company conducts a comprehensive inspection on intangible assets at the end of the reporting period. If the intangible assets have been replaced by other new technologies so as to seriously affect its capacity to create economic benefits for the enterprise, the market value of certain intangible assets sharply fall and is not expected to recover in the remaining amortization period, certain intangible asset has exceeded the legal time limit but still has some value in use as well as the intangible asset impairment has occurred, the provision for impairment is done according to the difference between the individual estimated recoverable amount and the book value. Impairment loss on the intangible asset shall not be reversed in subsequent accounting periods once recognized.Accounting method of capitalization of borrowing costsBorrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets for capitalization should be charged into the relevant costs of assets and therefore should be capitalized. Borrowing costs incurred after qualifying assets for capitalization reaches the estimated use state are charged to profit or loss in the current period. Other borrowing costs are recognized as。

年度纳税申报审计报告英文版

年度纳税申报审计报告英文版The Annual Tax Return Audit Report is a comprehensive document that provides a detailed analysis of an individual's or organization's tax filing for a specific year. This report serves as a critical tool for ensuring compliance with tax laws and regulations, as well as identifying potential areas for optimization and improvement. The audit process involves a thorough examination of the taxpayer's financial records, transactions, and supporting documentation to verify the accuracy and completeness of the tax return.The report typically begins with an executive summary that highlights the key findings and recommendations of the audit. This section provides a high-level overview of the audit, including the scope, methodology, and any significant findings or discrepancies. The executive summary is designed to give the reader a concise understanding of the audit's main conclusions and the actions required to address any identified issues.The body of the report delves deeper into the various aspects of the tax return and the audit process. It may include sections on thetaxpayer's income sources, deductions, credits, and any other relevant tax-related information. Each section provides a detailed analysis of the taxpayer's compliance with applicable tax laws and regulations, as well as any areas where improvements or adjustments are recommended.One of the critical components of the Annual Tax Return Audit Report is the identification of potential tax liabilities or overpayments. The report will examine the taxpayer's tax calculations, including the correct application of tax rates, exemptions, and credits. Any discrepancies or errors found during the audit process will be highlighted, along with the estimated impact on the taxpayer's overall tax liability.In addition to the financial aspects of the tax return, the audit report may also address other compliance-related issues, such as the timely filing of tax returns, the maintenance of proper records and documentation, and the adherence to any applicable reporting requirements. These aspects are crucial in ensuring that the taxpayer is meeting all their legal obligations and mitigating the risk of penalties or other enforcement actions.The report may also include recommendations for improving the taxpayer's tax planning and compliance strategies. This may involve suggestions for optimizing deductions, adjusting withholding orestimated tax payments, or implementing more robust internal controls and record-keeping practices. By addressing these areas, the taxpayer can potentially reduce their tax liability, minimize the risk of audits or penalties, and improve the overall efficiency of their tax-related activities.The Annual Tax Return Audit Report is not only a valuable tool for the taxpayer but also for the relevant tax authorities. The report provides a comprehensive and independent assessment of the taxpayer's compliance, which can be used by the authorities to verify the accuracy of the tax return and identify any potential areas of concern. This information can then be used to guide future audits, enforcement actions, or policy decisions related to tax administration.In conclusion, the Annual Tax Return Audit Report is a crucial document that plays a vital role in ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the tax system. By providing a detailed analysis of the taxpayer's financial records and tax-related activities, the report helps to identify areas for improvement, mitigate risks, and ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations. For both the taxpayer and the tax authorities, the audit report serves as a valuable tool for enhancing transparency, improving tax planning, and maintaining the overall fairness and effectiveness of the tax system.。

审计报告英文版

审计报告英文版Audit ReportTo: [Client's Name]From: [Auditor's Name]Date: [Date]Subject: Audit Report for the Financial Statements of [Client's Company Name] for the Year Ended [Year]1. Executive Summary:We have conducted an audit of the financial statements of [Client's Company Name] for the year ended [Year]. Our audit was performed in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. This report summarizes our findings and provides our opinion on the fairness of the financial statements.2. Scope of the Audit:Our audit was conducted to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement. We examined evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The audit was performed ona sample basis and may not detect all material errors or frauds.3. Opinion:Based on our audit, in our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of [Client's Company Name] as of [End of Year], and the results of itsoperations and cash flows for the year then ended, in accordance with [Accounting Framework].4. Key Findings and Recommendations:During our audit, we identified the following key findings and have provided recommendations to address them:4.1 [Finding 1]:Explanation of finding 1 and recommendation.4.2 [Finding 2]:Explanation of finding 2 and recommendation.4.3 [Finding 3]:Explanation of finding 3 and recommendation.5. Management's Response:We have received management's response to the findings and recommendations identified during the audit. Management's response is included in this report and provides their actions taken or planned to address the identified issues.6. Other Matters:We have no other matters to report that would require disclosure under applicable auditing standards.7. Responsibilities:Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with [Accounting Framework]. Management is also responsible fordesigning, implementing, and maintaining internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements.8. Auditor's Responsibility:Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements based on our audit. We conducted the audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.9. Report Distribution:This report is intended solely for the use of management and the board of directors of [Client's Company Name]. It should not be used for any other purpose or be distributed to any other parties without our prior written consent.We would like to express our appreciation to the management and staff of [Client's Company Name] for their cooperation and assistance during the audit.If you have any questions regarding this report, please do not hesitate to contact us.Sincerely,[Auditor's Name][Title][Audit Firm Name]。

2018新版审计报告英文版

Auditor's ReportAuditor’s Ref.:To the shareholders of ABC Co., Ltd.,I. OpinionWe have audited the financial statements of ABC Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "the Company"), which comprise the balance sheet as at December 31, 2017, and the income statement, the statement of cash flows for the year then ended and notes to the financial statements.In our opinion, the attached financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with Accounting Standards for Small Business Enterprises and present fairly the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2017 and its operating results and cash flows for the year then ended.II. Basis for Our OpinionWe conducted our audit in accordance with the Auditing Standards for Certified Public Accountants in China. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. According to the Code of Ethics for Chinese CPA, we are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics for Chinese CPA and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.III. Other informationThe management of the Company is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises information of the Company's annual report in 2017, butexcludes the financial statements and our auditor's report.Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.If, based on the work we have performed on the other information that we obtained prior to the date of this auditor's report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.IV. Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial StatementsThe Company's management is responsible for preparing the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standards for Small Business Enterprises to achieve a fair presentation, and for designing, implementing and maintaining internal control that is necessary to ensure that the financial statements are free from material misstatements, whether due to frauds or errors.In preparing the financial statements, management of the Company is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reporting process.V. Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial StatementsOur objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with the audit standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.As part of an audit in accordance with the audit standards, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:(1) Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.(2) Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control(3) Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management of the Company.(4) Conclude on the appropriateness of using the going concern assumption by the management of the Company, and conclude, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If weconclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.(5) Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit matters, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.Certified Public Accountant of China:Certified Public Accountant of China:XYZ Certified Public Accountants Co., Ltd.Auditor's ReportPCPAR [2018] No.To all shareholders of Hainan Dadonghai Tourism Centre (Holdings) Co., Ltd.,I. OpinionWe have audited the financial statements of Hainan Dadonghai Tourism Centre (Holdings) Co., Ltd.(hereinafter referred to as "the Company"), which comprise the balance sheet as at December 31,2017, and the income statement, the statement of cash flows and the statement of changes in owners'equity for the year then ended and notes to the financial statements.In our opinion, the attached financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, in accordancewith Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and present fairly the financial position of theCompany as at December 31, 2017 and its operating results and cash flows for the year then ended.II. Basis for Our OpinionWe conducted our audit in accordance with the Auditing Standards for Certified Public Accountantsin China. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor'sResponsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. According to the Codeof Ethics for Chinese CPA, we are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code ofEthics for Chinese CPA and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance withthese requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficientand appropriateto provide a basis for our audit opinion.III. Key Audit MattersKey audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance inour audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the contextof our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do notprovide a separate opinion on these matters. The key audit matters that we identified in the audit areas follows:(I) Recognition of room income1. Factual descriptionThe Company had operating income of RMB27,906,600 in 2017, of which room income was RMB21,103,100, accounting for 75.62% of operating income. According to Note 5.20 of the financial statements of the Company, the room income recognition process of the Company isas follows:(1) For travel agencies and individual guests, make advance collection of payments from them or pre-authorization; recognize income of each day after 0:00 of thenight of such day after confirmation with the Room Department and the hotelfront desk.(2) For websites under agreements, ①guests who book rooms via websites with agreements with the Company shall make advance payment of room fees and deposits when they check in and pay the related website service fees accordingto a certain proportion set out in the agreements and after check by the finance department with the websites. Income of the current day shall be recognizedafter 00:00 according to the consumption situation after deducting service charges.②for guests who book rooms through websites with agreements withthe Company and pay room fees to the websites, income of the current day shallbe recognized after 00:00 according to the consumption situation and listed as accounts receivable which shall be settled and collected before the fifth day of each month after checking with the websites.(3) For oriented guests, stay in account and make advance collection of payments at the time of check-in according toagreements, recognize income of the currentday after 00:00 of each night according to consumption situation, and make regular reconciliation, settlement and collection.Xiruan system will automatically generate daily sales statements for the abovebusiness, which shall be audited by examining personnel before submitted to the financial department to prepare accounting vouchers.2. How our audit addressed the matterFor room sales revenue, we understood and evaluated the management's design ofinternal controls in sales processes from approval of contracts to the accounting of salesrevenue and tested the effectiveness of the implementation of key control points.Via sample inspection of contracts and management interviews, we tested the timing point of significant risks and remuneration related to room revenue recognition, and thus assessed the Company's income recognition policies.In addition, we implemented the following procedures in respect of room revenue byusing sampling: (1) Analyze income and gross profit margin in combination with the type of income, and judge whether there is any abnormal fluctuation in the income amount in the current period.(2) Choose samples from reservation records and check-in records of rooms, check the samples against the contracts, accounting records, invoice issuance and payment receipts related to the corresponding sales, and pay special attention to whether the samples before and after the balance sheet date are included in the correct accounting period to assess whether room revenue is confirmed during the appropriate period.(3) With respect to new customers and those bringing large amount of income in the current period, implement the external confirmation of incurred amounts and the balances, and analyzed the authenticity thereof in combination with the collection of payments and occupancy situation. At the same time, inquire the business information of some customers to further confirm the authenticity of transactions therewith.(II) Non-operating income due to write-off of long-term investment and current account1. Factual descriptionAccording to the Proposal on Write-off of Long-term Investments and Current Accounts" resolved at the 12th extraordinary meeting of the eighth board of directors of the Company and the fifth extraordinary meeting of the eighth board of supervisors of the Company, and as resolved at the third extraordinary general meeting of shareholders of the Company in 2017, the Company wrote off original book value of long-term equity investment of RMB 9,716,374.26 in 2017, and provided for the provision for impairment of RMB 9,716,374.26;wrote off original book value ofavailable-for-sale financial assets of RMB 5,000,000.00, and provided for the provision for impairment of RMB 5,000,000.00;wrote off a total of 205 sums of accounts receivable with original book value of RMB80,243,805.62, and provided for the provision for bad debt of RMB80,243,805.62;wrote off a total of 201 sums of accounts payable with original book value of RMB1,303,540.11. The write-offs resulted in increase in the Company's non-operating income by RMB1,303,540.11 in 2017.2. How our audit addressed the matter(1) We understood the Company's internal control system on write-off of assets andliabilities to judge whether the write-off process complied with the requirements.We collected relevant resolutions of the meetings of the board of directors andthe third extraordinary general meeting of shareholders and media and websiteannouncements.(2) For long-term equity investments, available-for-sale financial assets and claimsand debts, we traced the original situations and collected relevant information toverify the authenticity thereof, and verified the relevant information of theinvestees and the creditors and debtors through the Enterprise CreditInformation Publicity System and the enterprise verification system.Each of thewritten-off long-term equity investments, available-for-sale financial assets and claims and debts had aging of more than 5 years.(3) We noticed that Hainan Dongfang Guoxin Law Firm issued the Legal Opinion on Time Limitation for Proceedings on Part of Accounts Payable of Hainan Dadonghai Tourism Centre (Holdings) Co., Ltd. in respect of theabove-mentioned written-off payables, in which the law firm believed that the above 201 sums of payables have exceeded the statutory time limitations, and the relevant creditors have lost their debt recovery right and the right to win. To this end, we conducted necessary communication with Hainan Dongfang Guoxin Law Firm in respect of the relevant situation on the said write-offs of accounts payable.IV. Other informationThe management of the Company is responsible for the other information. The other informationcomprises information of the Company's annual report in 2017, but excludes the financial statementsand our auditor's report.Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and willnot express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the otherinformation identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materiallyinconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwiseappears to be materially misstated.If, based on the work we have performed on the other information that we obtained prior to the dateof this auditor's report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, weare required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.V. Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the FinancialStatementsThe Company's management is responsible for preparing the financial statements in accordance withthe requirements of Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises to achieve a fair presentation, andfor designing, implementing and maintaining internal control that is necessary to ensure that thefinancial statements are free from material misstatements, whether due to frauds or errors.In preparing the financial statements, management of the Company is responsible for assessing theCompany's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing matters related to going concern andusing the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate theCompany or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reportingprocess.VI. Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial StatementsOur objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a wholeare free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report thatincludes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that anaudit conducted in accordance with the audit standards will always detect a material misstatementwhen it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individuallyor in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of userstaken on the basis of these financial statements.As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintainprofessional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:(1) Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether dueto fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtainaudit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk ofnot detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting fromerror, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, omissions, misrepresentations, or the override ofinternal control.(2) Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design auditprocedures that are appropriate in the circumstances.(3) Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accountingestimates and related disclosures made by management of the Company.(4) Conclude on the appropriateness of using the going concern assumption by the management ofthe Company, and conclude, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a materialuncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on theCompany's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertaintyexists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in thefinancial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Ourconclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report.However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a goingconcern.(5) Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.(6) Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the financial statements and bear all liability for the opinion.We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit matters, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter shouldnot be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.BDO CHINA Shu Lun Pan Certified PublicAccountants LLPCertified Public Accountant of China:Certified Public Accountant of China:Shanghai, China January 30, 2018This auditors’ report and the accompanying notes to the financial statements are English translation of the Chinese auditors’ report.In case of doubt as to the presentation of these documents, the Chinese version shall prevail.Hainan Dadonghai Tourism Centre (Holdings) Co., Ltd.Balance SheetAs at December 31, 2017(Amounts are expressed in RMB unless otherwise stated)AssetsNote 5Ending balance Beginning balance Current assets:。

审计报告参考范本(2019英文版_小准则)

Auditor's ReportAuditor’s Ref.:To the shareholders of ABC Co., Ltd.,I. OpinionWe have audited the financial statements of ABC Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "the Company"), which comprise the balance sheet as at December 31, 2017, and the income statement, the statement of cash flows for the year then ended and notes to the financial statements.In our opinion, the attached financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with Accounting Standards for Small Business Enterprises and present fairly the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2017 and its operating results and cash flows for the year then ended.II. Basis for Our OpinionWe conducted our audit in accordance with the Auditing Standards for Certified Public Accountants in China. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. According to the Code of Ethics for Chinese CPA, we are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics for Chinese CPA and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.III. Other informationThe management of the Company is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises information of the Company's annual report in 2017, but excludes the financial statements and our auditor's report.Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.If, based on the work we have performed on the other information that we obtained prior to the date of this auditor's report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.IV. Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial StatementsThe Company's management is responsible for preparing the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standards for Small Business Enterprises to achieve a fair presentation, and for designing, implementing and maintaining internal control that is necessary to ensure that the financial statements are free from material misstatements, whether due to frauds or errors.In preparing the financial statements, management of the Company is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reporting process.V. Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial StatementsOur objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with the audit standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.As part of an audit in accordance with the audit standards, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:(1) Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.(2) Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances,but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control(3) Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management of the Company.(4) Conclude on the appropriateness of using the going concern assumption by the management of the Company, and conclude, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertaintyexists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.(5) Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit matters, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.Certified Public Accountant of China:Certified Public Accountant of China:XYZ Certified Public Accountants Co., Ltd.Guangdong, ChinaMarch 23, 2018附：审计报告2018中文标准版（小企业会计准则）审计报告审计报告文号: ABC有限公司股东：一、审计意见我们审计了后附的ABC有限公司（以下简称贵公司）财务报表，包括2017年12月31日的资产负债表、2017年度的利润表和现金流量表以及财务报表附注。

审计报告材料英文版(全)

AUDITOR’S REPORTYue Hua Shen / Yan Zi (2014) No. 0002ICPA filing number: 0420To all shareholders of ****** Co., Ltd:We have audited the accompanying financial statements of ****** Co., Ltd (“Your Company”), which comprise the balance sheet as of 31 December 2013, the income statement,statement of changes in owner's equity and cash flow statement for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements.I. Management’s responsibility for the financial statementsManagement of your Company is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements. This responsibility includes: (1) in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and its relevant provisions, preparing the financial statements and reflecting fair presentation; (2) designing, implementing and maintaining the necessary internal control in order to free financial statements from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.II. Auditors' responsibilityOur responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Chinese Certified Public Accountants Auditing Standards. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors' judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider the internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.III. OpinionIn our opinion, the financial statements of your Company have been prepared in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprise and its relevant provisions in all material respect, and present fairly the financial position of your Company as of 31 December2013, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the year then ended.Guangdong Huaxin Accounting Firm (general partner)Guangdong, ChinaChinese Certified Public Accountant:Chinese Certified Public Accountant:January 3, 2014BALANCE SHEETAS OF 31 DECEMBER 2013 Unit: RMB YuanLeader:INCOME STATEMENTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013 Unit: RMB YuanLeader:CASH FLOW STATEMENTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013 Unit: RMB YuanLeader:STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN OWNERS’ EQUITYFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013accounting department:****** CO., LTDNOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013(All amounts in RMB Yuan) I. Company Profile******* Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the "Company") is a limited liability company (Sino-foreign joint venture) jointly invested and established by **** Co., Ltd. and ******* Limited on 24 June 2013. On December 26, 2013, the shareholders have been changed to ***** CO., LTD and ******* LIMITED.Business License of Enterprise Legal Person License No.:Legal Representative:Registered Capital: RMB (Paid-in Capital: RMB )Address:Business Scope: Financing and leasing business; leasing business; purchase of leased property from home and abroad; residue value treatment and maintenance of leased property; consulting and guarantees of lease transaction (articles involved in the industry license management would be dealt in terms of national relevant stipulations)II. Declaration on following Accounting Standard for Business EnterprisesThe financial statements made by the Company are in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises, which reflects the financial position, financial performance and cash flow of the Company truly and completely.III. Basic of preparation of financial statementsThe Company implements the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (‘Finance and Accounting [2006] No. 3”) issued by the Ministry of Finance on February 15, 2006 and the successive regulations. The Company prepares its financial statements on a going concern basis, and recognizes and measures its accounting items in compliance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises –Basic Standards and other relevant accounting standards, application guidelines and criteria for interpretation of provisions as well as the significant accounting policies and accounting estimates on the basis of actual transactions and events.IV. The main accounting policies, accounting estimates and changes Fiscal yearThe Company adopts the calendar year as its fiscal year from January 1 to December 31.Functional currencyRMB was the functional currency of the Company.Accounting measurement attributeThe Company adopts the accrual basis for accounting treatments and double-entry bookkeeping of borrowing for financial accounting. The historical cost is generally as the measurement attribute, and when accounting elements determined are in line with the requirements of Accounting Standards for Enterprises and can be reliably measured, the replacement cost, net realizable value and fair value can be used for measurement.Accounting method of foreign currency transactionsThe Company’s foreign currency transactions adopt approximate spot exchange rate of the transaction date to convert into RMB in accordance with systematic and rational method; on the balance sheet date, the foreign currency monetary items use the spot exchange rate of the balance sheet date. All balances of exchange arising from differences between the balance sheet date spot exchange rate and the initial recognition or the former balance sheet date spot exchange rate, except that the exchange gains and losses arising by borrowing foreign currency for the construction or production of assets eligible for capitalization are transacted in accordance with capitalization principles, are included in profit or loss in this period; the foreign currency non-monetary items measured at historical cost will still be converted with the spot exchange rate of the transaction date.The standard for recognizing cash equivalentWhen making the cash flow statement, cash on hand and deposits readily to be paid will be recognized as cash, and short-term (usually no more than three months), highly liquid and readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of changes in value are recognized as cash equivalent.Financial InstrumentsClassification, recognition and measurement of financial assets- The company at the time of initial recognition of financial assets divides it into the following four categories: financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period, loans and receivables, financial assets available for sale and held-to-maturity investments. Financial assets are measured at fair value when initially recognized. Relevant transaction costs of financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are recognized in profit or loss of this period, and relevant transaction costs of other categories of financial assets are recognized in the amount initially recognized.-- Financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period refer to the short-term sales financial assets, including financial assets held for trading or financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period designated upon initial recognition by the management. Financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are subsequently measured at fair value, and the interest or cash dividends obtained during the holding period will be recognized as investment income, and the gains or losses of the change in fair value at the end of this period are recognized in the profit or loss in this period. When it is disposed, the difference between the fair value and the initial recorded amount is recognized as investment income, while adjusting gains from changes in the fair value.--Loans and receivables: the non-derivative financial assets without the price in an active market and with fixed and determinable recovery cost are classified as loans and receivables. Loans and receivables adopt the effective interest method and take amortized cost for subsequent measurement, and gains or losses arising from derecognition, impairment or amortization are included in the profit or loss of this period.-- Financial assets available for sale: including non-derivative financial assets available for sale recognized initially and other non-derivative financial assets except for loans and receivables, held-to-maturity investments and trading financial assets. Financial assets available for sale are subsequently measured at fair value, and interest or cash dividends obtained during the holding period will be recognized as investment income, and gains or losses arising from the changes in fair value at the end of this period are recognized directly in owners' equity until the financial asset is derecognized or impaired and then is recognized as the profit or loss in this period.-- Held-to-maturity investments: the non-derivative financial assets with clear intention and ability to hold to maturity by the management of the company, a fixed maturity date and fixed or determinable payments are classified as held-to-maturity investments. Held-to-maturity investments adopt the effective interest method and take amortized cost for subsequent measurement, and gains or losses arising from derecognition, impairment or amortization are included in the profit or loss of this period.Classification, recognition and measurement of financial liabilities - The company at the time of initial recognition of financial liabilities divides it into the following two categories: financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period and other financial liabilities. Financial liabilities are measured at fair value when initially recognized. Relevant transaction costs of financial liabilities measured at fair value with changesincluded in the profit or loss of this period are recognized in profit or loss of this period, and relevant transaction costs of other financial liabilities are recognized in the amount initially recognized.-- Financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period include the trading financial liabilities and financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period designated upon initial recognition. Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at fair value, and the gains or losses of the change in fair value are recognized in the profit or loss in this period.-- Other financial liabilities: adopting the effective interest method and taking amortized cost for subsequent measurement. The gains or losses arising from derecognition or amortization is included in the profit or loss of this period.Requirements for derecognition of financial liabilitiesFinancial liabilities shall be entirely or partially derecognized if the present obligations derived from them are entirely or partially discharged. Where the Company enters into an agreement with a creditor so as to substitute the current financial liabilities with new ones, and the contract clauses of which are substantially different from those of the current ones, it shall recognize the new financial liabilities in place of the current ones. Where substantial revisions are made to some or all of the contract clauses of the current financial liabilities, the Company shall recognize the new financial liabilities after revision of the contract clauses in place of the current ones entirely or partially. Upon entire or partial derecognition of financial liabilities, differences between the carrying amounts of the derecognized financial liabilities and the consideration paid (including non-monetary assets surrendered or new financial liabilities assumed) are charged to profit or loss for the current period.Where the Company redeems part of its financial liabilities, it shall allocate the carrying amounts of the entire financial liabilities between the relative fair values of the parts that continue to be recognized and the derecognized parts on the redemption date. Differences between the carrying amounts allocated to the derecognized parts and the consideration paid (including non-monetary assets surrendered and the new financial liabilities assumed) are charged to profit or loss for the current period.Recognition and measurement for transfer of financial assetsIf the Company has transferred nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets to the transferee, they shall be derecognized. If it retains nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets, they shall not be derecognized and will be recognized as a financial liability. If the Company has nottransferred nor retained nearly all of the risks and rewards relating tothe ownership of the financial assets:(1) to give up the control of the financial assets to be derecognized; (2) not giving up control of the financial asset to be recognized based on the extent of its continuing involvement in the transferred financial assets and liabilities are recognized accordingly.If the transfer of entire financial assets satisfy the criteria for derecognition, differences between the amounts of the following two items shall be recognized in profit or loss for the current period: (1) the carrying amount of the transferred financial asset; (2) the aggregate consideration received from the transfer plus the cumulative amounts ofthe changes in the fair values originally recognized in the owners’ equity.If the partial transfer of financial assets satisfy the criteria for derecognition, the carrying amounts of the entire financial assets transferred shall be split into the derecognized and recognized parts according to their respective fair values and differences between the amounts of the following two items are charged to profit or loss for the current period: (1) the carrying amounts of the derecognized parts; (2) The aggregate consideration for the derecognized parts plus the portionof the accumulative amounts of the changes in the fair values of the derecognized parts which are originally recognized in the owners’ equity. Determination of the fair value of financial instruments- If financial instruments trade in an active market, the quoted pricein an active market determines its fair value; if financial instrument trade not in an active market, the valuation techniques determine the fair value. Valuation techniques include recent market transaction price reference to the familiar situation and volunteer transaction, currentfair value reference to other substantially similar financial instruments, discounted cash flow method and option pricing model and so on.Test and Provisions for impairment loss on financial assets--Except trading financial assets, the Company makes assessment on the carrying values of financial assets at the balance sheet date. If thereis evidence that the fair value of specific financial asset has been impaired, provisions for impairment loss is made accordingly.-- Measurement of impairment of financial assets measured at amortized costIf there is objective evidence that the financial asset measured at amortized cost has been impaired, the carrying amount of the financial asset is written down to the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not yet occurred), and the amount of reduction is recognized as impairment loss and is recognizedin the profit or loss of this period. The Company carries out the impairment test of significant single financial asset separately, carriesout the impairment test on insignificant single financial asset from asingle or combination of angles, and carries out the impairment test on single asset without objective evidence of impairment along with the financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics to constitute a combination, but does not carry out the impairment test on the provision for impairment of financial assets based on the single in the portfolio. In the subsequent period, if there is objective evidence that the value of financial asset has been restored and recognized relevant to the objective matters occurring after the impairment, previously recognized impairment loss shall be reversed and charged into the profit or loss of this period. But the book value after the reversal should not exceed the amortized cost at the reversal date of the financial assets supposed no provision for impairment. When the financial assets measured at amortized cost actually occur loss, offset against the related provision for impairment.--Available for sale financial assetsIf there is objective evidence that an impairment of available for sale financial assets occurs, even though the financial asset has not been derecognised, the cumulative loss of decrease of the faire value originally recorded in the owner's equity should be transferred out and charged into the current profit and loss. The cumulative loss is the initial acquisition cost of available for sale financial assets, deducting the fair value of the withdrawing principal and amortization amount and impairment loss as well as net impairment amount originally charged into the profit or loss.Recognition and provision for bad debts of accounts receivableIf there is objective evidence that receivables are impaired at the end of this period, the carrying value will be written down to its present value of estimated future cash flows, and the amount of reduction is recognized as impairment loss and is recognized in the current profit or loss. Present value of estimated future cash flows is determined through future cash flows (excluding credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the original effective interest rate, taking into account the value of related collateral (less estimated disposal costs, etc.). Original effective interest rate is the actual interest rate when the receivables are recognized initially. The estimated future cash flows of short-term receivables have small difference from the present value, and the estimated future cash flows are not discounted in determining the related impairment loss.The significant single receivables are separately carried out impairment test at the end of this period, and if there is objective evidence that the impairment has occurred, based on the difference of the present value of future cash flows less than the book value, the impairment loss is recognized and the provision of bad debts is done. The significant single amount refers to top five receivable balances or the sum of paymentsaccounting for more than 10% of receivable balances.If there is objective evidence that the individual non-significant receivables impairment has occurred, separate impairment test is done, the impairment loss is recognized and the provision for bad debts is done; other individual non-significant receivables and receivables not impaired after separate test are together divided into several combinations for impairment testing with aging as the similar credit risk characteristics, to determine the impairment loss and do provision for bad debts.In addition to separate provision for impairment of receivables, the company is based on the actual loss rate of receivable portfolio with the same or similar to the previous year and aging as the similar credit risk characteristics, and combines the current situation to determine theFixed assets and depreciation accounting methodRecognition criteria of fixed assets: fixed assets refer to tangible assets held for the purpose of producing commodities, providing services, renting or business management with useful lives exceeding one accounting year and high unit value.Classification of fixed assets: buildings and constructions, machinery equipment, transport equipment and office equipment.Fixed assets pricing and depreciation method: the fixed assets is priced based on actual cost and depreciated in a straight-line method. The estimated useful lives, estimated residual rate and annual depreciationterm at the end of the reporting period, and if the market continuing to fall or technological obsolescence, damage, long-term idle and other reasons result in fixed assets recoverable amount lower than its book value, in accordance with the difference provision for impairment of fixed assets, the impairment loss is recognized in fixed assets and can not bereversed in a subsequent accounting period. The recoverable amount is recognized based on the fair value of the assets deducting the net amount after disposal expenses and the present value of cash flows of the estimated future assets. The present value of the future cash flows of the asset is determined in accordance with the resulting estimated future cash flows in the process of continuous use and final disposal to select its appropriate discount rate and the amount of the discount. Accounting method of construction in progressThe construction in progress is priced on the actual cost, to temporarily transfer to fixed assets when reaching the intended use state in accordance with the project budget and the actual cost of the project, and to adjust the book value of fixed assets according to the actual cost after handling final settlement of accounts. Acquisition, construction or production of assets eligible for capitalization borrowed specifically or the interest on general borrowing costs and auxiliary expenses of specific borrowings occurred can be included in the cost of capital assets and subsequently recognized in the current profit or loss before the acquisition, construction or production of the qualifying asset reaches the intended use state or the sale state.Impairment of construction in progress: the Company conducts a comprehensive inspection of construction in progress at the end of the reporting period; if the construction in process is stopped for long time and will not be constructed in the next three years and the construction in progress brings great uncertainty to the economic benefits of enterprises due to backward performance or techniques and the construction in progress occurs impairment, the balance of recoverable amount of single construction in progress lower than the book value of construction in progress is for impairment provisions of construction in progress. Impairment loss on the construction in progress shall not be reversed in subsequent accounting periods once recognized.The pricing and amortizing of intangible assetsPricing of the intangible assets---The cost of outsourcing intangible assets shall be priced based on the actual expenditure directly attributable to intangible assets for the expected purpose.--- Expenditure on internal research and development projects is charged into the current profit or loss, and expense in the development stage can be recognized as intangible costs if meeting the criteria for capitalization.--- Intangible assets of investment is in accordance with the agreed value of the investment contract or agreement as costs, excluding not fair agreed value of the contract or agreement.--- Intangible assets of the debtor obtained in the non-cash asset cover debt method can be accepted; if the receivable creditor’s right is changedinto intangible assets, then record according to the fair value of intangible assets.--- For non-monetary transaction intangible assets, the fair value and related taxes payable of non-monetary assets should be the accounting cost.Amortization of intangible assets: as for the intangible assets with limited service life, it is amortized by straight-line method when it is available for use within the service period. As for unforeseeable period of intangible assets bringing future economic benefits to the company, it is regarded as intangible assets with uncertain service life, and intangible assets with uncertain service life can not be amortized. The Company’s intangible assets include land use rights, forest land use rights and the production and marketing information management software. The land use rights are amortized averagely in accordance with 50 years of service life, forest land use rights are amortized averagely in accordance with 30 years of service life, and the production and marketing information management software are amortized averagely in accordance with 5 years of service life.Expenditures arising from development phase on internal research and development projects can be recognized as intangible assets when satisfying all of the following conditions: (1) there is technical feasibility of completing the intangible assets so that they will be available for use or sale; (2) there is intention to complete and use or sell the intangible assets; (3) the method that the intangible assets generate economic benefits, including existence of a market for products produced by the intangible assets or for the intangible assets themselves, shall be proved. Or, if to be used internally, the usefulness of the intangible assets shall be proved; (4) adequate technical, financial, and other resources are available to complete the development of intangible assets, and the Company has the ability to use or sell the intangible assets; (5) the expenditures arising from development phase of the intangible assets can be measured reliably.Impairment of intangible assets: the Company conducts a comprehensive inspection on intangible assets at the end of the reporting period. If the intangible assets have been replaced by other new technologies so as to seriously affect its capacity to create economic benefits for the enterprise, the market value of certain intangible assets sharply fall and is not expected to recover in the remaining amortization period, certain intangible asset has exceeded the legal time limit but still has some value in use as well as the intangible asset impairment has occurred, the provision for impairment is done according to the difference between the individual estimated recoverable amount and the book value. Impairment loss on the intangible asset shall not be reversed in subsequent accounting periods once recognized.Accounting method of capitalization of borrowing costsBorrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets for capitalization should be charged into the relevant costs of assets and therefore should be capitalized. Borrowing costs incurred after qualifying assets for capitalization reaches the estimated use state are charged to profit or loss in the current period. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses based on the accrual and are charged to profit or loss in the current period.Capitalization of borrowing costs should meet the following conditions: expenditures are being incurred, which comprise disbursements incurred in the form of payments of cash, transfer of non-monetary assets or assumption of interest-bearing debts for the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets for capitalization; borrowing costs are being incurred; purchase, construction or manufacturing activities that are necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use or sale are in progress.Capitalization amount of borrowing interest: the borrowing interest incurred from the acquisition, construction or production of assets eligible for capitalization borrowed specifically or generally should be determined the capitalization amount according to the following method before the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset reaching its intended use or sale state:---Where funds are borrowed specifically for purchase, construction or manufacturing of assets eligible for capitalization, costs eligible for capitalization are the actual interest costs incurred in current period less the interest income of unused borrowing funds deposited in the bank or any income earned on the temporary investment of such borrowings. ---Where funds allocated for purchase, construction or manufacturing of assets eligible for capitalization are part of a general pool, the eligible capitalization interest amounts are determined by multiplying a capitalization rate of general borrowing by the weighted average of accumulated capital expenditures over those on specific borrowings. The capitalization rate will be determined based on the weighted average rate of the borrowing costs applicable to the general pool.Suspension for capitalization: Capitalization of borrowing costs should be suspended during periods in which purchase, construction or manufacturing of assets eligible for capitalization is interrupted abnormally with the interruption time exceeding three months continuously. Borrowing costs incurred during the interruption should be charged to profit or loss for the current period, and should continue to be capitalized when purchase, construction or manufacturing of the relevant assets resumes. If the interruption is the necessary procedure to prepare the assets purchased, constructed or manufactured eligible for。

四大审计报告英文版

四大审计报告英文版Independent Auditors' ReportJYSZ (xx) No. 16013To China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation:We have audited the aompanying balance sheets of China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation (the "Company" ) as of December 31, xx and the related statements of ine, cash flows, statement of equity changes and notes to the financial statements for the year then ended.Responsibilities of managementThe Company's directors are responsible for the preparation of financial statements in pliance with Enterprise Aounting System and Aounting Standards for Business Enterprises. Such responsibilities include the following: (1) design, implementation and maintenance of financial statements and related internal controls, so there is no material misstatement due to fraud or error; (2) the selection and application of appropriate aounting policies; (3) reasonable aounting estimate.Responsibilities of auditorsOur responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audit in aordance with Chinese Certified Public Aountants Auditing Standards. Those standards require us to ply with the.professional ethics and toplan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.。

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审计报告审计准则英文版Audit Report Audit Standards English VersionAuditing is a critical process that ensures the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of financial information. It is a systematic examination of an organization's accounts and records, conducted by an independent party, to verify the validity and reliability of the financial statements. The audit report is the culmination of this process, providing a comprehensive assessment of the organization's financial position, performance, and compliance with relevant laws and regulations.The audit report is a crucial document that serves as a communication tool between the auditor and the stakeholders, including management, shareholders, and regulatory authorities. It presents the auditor's findings, opinions, and recommendations based on the audit procedures performed. The report should be clear, concise, and easy to understand, ensuring that the stakeholders can make informed decisions based on the information provided.The audit report is guided by a set of established standards and principles, known as audit standards. These standards are developedand maintained by various professional organizations, such as the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The audit standards provide a framework for the auditor to conduct the audit process, ensuring consistency, reliability, and quality in the audit work.The International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) are a set of standards developed by the IFAC's International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB). These standards are widely recognized and adopted globally, providing a common framework for auditing practices. The ISAs cover various aspects of the audit process, including planning, risk assessment, evidence gathering, reporting, and quality control.One of the key components of the ISAs is the requirement for the auditor to express an opinion on the financial statements. The auditor's opinion can be unmodified (also known as an unqualified opinion), which indicates that the financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework. Alternatively, the auditor may issue a modified opinion, such as a qualified opinion, adverse opinion, or a disclaimer of opinion, depending on the nature and extent of the issues identified during the audit.The audit report should also include a description of the auditor'sresponsibilities, the scope of the audit, and the basis for the auditor's opinion. This information helps the stakeholders understand the auditor's role and the limitations of the audit process.In addition to the ISAs, there are other standards and guidelines that may be applicable to specific industries or jurisdictions. For example, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) in the United States has its own set of auditing standards for publicly traded companies.The effective implementation of audit standards is crucial to ensuring the quality and reliability of the audit process. Auditors must have a thorough understanding of the applicable standards and must adhere to them throughout the audit engagement. This includes maintaining independence, exercising professional skepticism, and collecting sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support their conclusions.In conclusion, the audit report and the underlying audit standards play a vital role in ensuring the transparency, accountability, and reliability of financial information. The audit report provides stakeholders with an independent and objective assessment of an organization's financial position and performance, enabling them to make informed decisions. The adherence to established auditstandards, such as the ISAs, is essential for maintaining the integrity and credibility of the audit process.。

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