高中必修三reading原文+翻译 人教版

Festivals and celebrations

节日和庆典

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,planting in spring and harvest in autumn.Sometimes celebratewould be held after hunters had caught animals.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious,some seasonal, and some for special people or events. 有各种各样的节日和庆典各地举行自古以来。最古老的节日是庆祝寒冷天气的结束，在春季和秋季收获种植。有时celebratewould后举行的猎人抓住了动物。那时候人们会饿死，如果食物难以找到，尤其是在寒冷的冬季。今天的节日有许多来源，一些宗教，一些季节性的，和一些特别的人或事件。

Festivals of the Dead

死者的节日

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm.For the Japanese festival.Obon,people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.In Mexico,people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.On this impoutant feast day,people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with”bones”on them.They offer food,flowers and gifts to the dead.The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival,when they can dress up and to to their neighbours’homes to ask for sweets.Ifthe neighbours do not give any sweets,the children might play a trick on them.

有些节日是为了纪念死者或取悦祖先，也就是那些可能回来帮助或伤害。对于日本的节日。盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓，烧香，以缅怀祖先。他们还光灯和播放音乐，因为他们认为这将导致的祖先地球。在墨西哥，人们庆祝这一天死在十一月年初。在这impoutant节，人们吃制成颅骨形状的食物和蛋糕的“骨头”。他们提供食品，鲜花和礼物给死者。西方节日万圣节也源自古老的信念返回死人的灵魂。它现在是一个孩子们的节目，他们可以打扮和他们的neighbours'homes要糖果。如果邻居不给糖果，孩子们可能会捉弄他们。

Festivals to Honour People

节日尊敬的人

Festivals can also be held to honour famous people .The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet,Qu Yuan.In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World.India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi,the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.

节日也可以是为了纪念名人的。中国的端午节是纪念著名古代诗人，屈原。在美国哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布到达新世界。印度有一个全国性的节日，十月二日纪念甘地，谁领导帮助印度独立英国。

Harvest Festivals

丰收的节日

Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.In European countries,people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit,and will get together to have meals.Some people might win awards for their farm produce,like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals,when people admire the moon