延续性动词和非延续性动词

延续性动词与非延续性动词

试比较，判断下列句子的正误。

翻译：我离开这所学校已八年啦。

【误】I have left this school for eight years.

【正】I have been away from this school for eight years.

解析：当现在完成时与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则需要转化为对应的延续性动词。

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，也可

以表示经验与经历，如：

learn; sleep; keep; live等

可以与for 和

since 引导的

时间状语连用

He has lived here for 6

years.

非延续性动词也叫短暂性动词，表示不能

延续的动作，这种动作发生

后立即结束，如：open;

begin; finish; come; go;

borrow等

不能与for 和

since 引导的

时间状语连用

She has already finished

her work.

1. 转化为相应的延续性动词

borrow → keep buy → have put on → wear

2. 转化为be+形容词/副词/介词/名词

begin/start → be on go out → be out die → be dead

open → be open get to/ arrive in/reach → be

in+地点come/ go → be + 相应的介词短语

finish → be over fall ill → be ill get up → be up

fall asleep → be

asleep

join → be in+活动/组织go to school → be in school become → be make friends → be friends close → be closed

go to bed → be in bed leave → be away(from)