if 引导的条件句中的用法

If 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法以及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

教学目标： 1 熟悉并掌握if引导的虚拟语气在条件句中的几种用法：

错综时间条件句

省略If 时句子的形式

对含蓄条件句的识别，列举相关关键词。

2虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

在wish后用虚拟语气的几种情况

坚持，命令，要求，建议等动词后的虚拟语气的结构

Would rather引导的宾语从句的结构

教学重点：

条件句从句的甄别，虚拟语气词在其中的应用;

Wish 后的虚拟语气;

表示坚持，命令，要求和建议等动词后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构。

Would rather 后的宾语从句中谓语动词的形式

例题：if 引导的虚拟语气

与现在事实相反的假设If+主+v-ed, 主+虚语词+v

eg: If god ____(give) me a chance again, I would say the three words to her.

高考原题：If he_______(catch)the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. (2014 天津)

与过去事实是相反的假设If+主+had+v-ed, 主+虚语词+v-ed

eg If you had driven a car, you would not have had such a terrible accident.

高考原题：We ________(be)back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.(2014 北京，34)

与将来事实相反的假设If+主+v-ed, 主+虚语词+v-ed

If+主+were to+v，

If+主+should+v，

eg If I finished work early today, I would attend the party.

If 省略句

在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略If，把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。

Eg，If I were the superman, I would save these people’s lives.

Were I the superman, I would save these people’s lives.

If I had finished the breakfast, I would not suffer from hunger.

Had I finished the breakfast, I would not suffer from hunger.

If it should sunny tomorrow, I would go swimming.

Should it sunny tomorrow, I would go swimming.

注意：省略If 的条件状语从句中不能使用缩略形式。

二，虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

Wish 后面的宾从一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词构成形式为：

1．一般过去时（宾语从句动作与wish同时）

Eg，I wish I were you so that I could enjoy youth once more.

2．Had+过去分词（宾语从句动作先于wish）

Eg, I wish I had youth again.

3．Would/could+V(宾从动作后于wish)

Eg, I wish I could have another life.

高考原题

（2011北京，28）---Where are the children? The diner is going to be completely ruined.

---I wish they______(be) not always be late.

用于表，建议，命令，要求等动词后的宾语从句中，宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为should+v, 在此之中的should可以省略。

Eg, Doctor suggests you (should) not smoke any longer.

记忆口诀，

一坚持

二命令

三要求

四建议

在这些单词组成的虚拟语气宾语从句中要遵循此规则。

注意一点，当他们引导的不是虚拟语气的时候应该使用陈述语气。

Eg，The smile on his face suggested (shows) that he was satisfied with our work.

在would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词一般用过去时（be用were）,表示对现在或将来的虚拟，宾语从句谓语动词用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

Eg，As they sacrificed their lives, I would rather to believe they did not finish the task.

I would rather I had not met her in the subway.

高考原题

(2014 陕西，23)----We would rather our daughter_____(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.