呼吸系统【英文】

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呼吸系统(英文版) PPT-

The nasopharynx is the fist division, and it is nearest to the nasal cavities. It contains the adenoids, which are masses of lymphatic tissue. The adenoids (also known as the pharyngeal tonsils) are more prominent in children, and if enlarged, they can obstruct air passageways.
9
New words
咽
nasopharynx 鼻咽 oropharynx 口咽 laryngopharynx喉咽 pharyngeal 咽的 hypopharyngeal 下咽的
throat 咽喉 adenoid 腺样体
adeno-
adenoma
adenocarcinoma
adenovirus
Responsibilities of respiratory system
Respiration = exchange of gases between body and air
Provides oxygen to body cells for energy Removes carbon dioxide from body cells
tonsil 扁桃体
pharyngeal ~
palatine ~
palatine 腭的 larynx 喉 esophagus 食道 vocal cord 声带 vibrate震动 deterrent 妨碍物 flap 皮瓣 epiglottis 会厌 10

【英文精品课兽医临床诊疗课件】呼吸系统检查

Bronchitis 支气管炎
肺泡内充满炎性细胞和脓液
肿大的呼吸性细支气管
Bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎
I: Respiratory Movement Examination
interrupted respiration间断性呼吸 Characteristic特点: The inspiratory sound being broken into
failure肾衰竭/massive blood loss大失血/agonal stage濒死期 It generally indicates critical condition 病危征兆
I: Respiratory Movement Examination
➢ Dyspnoea judgement 呼吸困难判定
I: Respiratory Movement Examination
➢ Inspiratory dyspnoea 吸气性呼吸困难
it is difficult for exhalation (呼气) clinical characteristics: accessory respiratory muscles (辅助呼吸肌)participate in the breathing process ；expiration elongation (呼气延长)； indrawing of arcus costarum (肋弓凹陷); lumbar spine hump (脊背弓起)； evagination of anus (肛门外翻) Common disease: chronic emphysema 慢性肺气肿；bronchiolitis 细支气管炎；diffuse panbronchiolitis弥漫性支气管炎

呼吸系统大病历书写规范模板范文

呼吸系统大病历书写规范模板范文英文回答：Medical Record Template for Respiratory System.I. Chief Complaint.Describe the patient's primary reason for seeking medical attention.II. History of Present Illness.Describe the duration, nature, severity, and progression of the patient's symptoms.Elicit associated symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, or wheezing.Determine any potential triggers or exposures.III. Past Medical History.Document any previous respiratory conditions, surgeries, or treatments.Inquire about a history of smoking, allergies, or environmental exposures.IV. Social History.Assess the patient's smoking status, occupational exposure, and living environment.Determine if they have any pets or hobbies that may be contributing to their symptoms.V. Family History.Inquire about a family history of respiratory conditions, such as asthma or COPD.VI. Physical Examination.General:Assess the patient's overall appearance, vital signs, and oxygen saturation.Chest Auscultation:Listen for adventitious sounds such as wheezing, crackles, or rales.Chest Percussion:Determine the presence of dullness or hyperresonance.VII. Investigations.Order appropriate tests, such as:Chest X-ray.Pulmonary function tests.Sputum culture and sensitivity.Allergy testing.VIII. Diagnosis.Based on the findings, formulate a diagnosis and specify any underlying conditions.IX. Management.Outline the treatment plan, including:Medications (e.g., bronchodilators, corticosteroids)。

《生理学》 CHAPTER 5 RESPIRATION

哮喘
哮喘
是一种常见的慢性呼吸道疾病，以气道高反应性和可逆性气流受限为特征。
病因
与遗传、环境因素（如过敏原、空气污染物）等有关。
症状
包括喘息、胸闷、咳嗽等，通常在夜间和清晨加重。
治疗
以控制症状为主，包括使用吸入性糖皮质激素、长效β2受体激动剂等药物。
肺癌
肺癌
起源于肺组织的恶性肿瘤。
症状
早期无明显症状，晚期可能出现咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛、呼吸困难等症状。
详细描述
平喘药是一类能够缓解支气管痉挛、减轻气道炎症的药物，主要用于治疗哮喘、慢性喘息性支气管炎等呼吸系统疾病。常见的平喘药包括糖皮质激素、白三烯受体拮抗剂等。
抗炎药
总结词
用于抑制炎症反应，减轻呼吸道肿胀。
详细描述
抗炎药是一类能够抑制炎症反应、减轻呼吸道肿胀的药物，主要用于治疗各种呼吸系统疾病。常见的抗炎药包括非甾体抗炎药、糖皮质激素等。
呼吸系统的历史与发展
古代对呼吸的认识
未来呼吸系统研究展望
古代人们通过观察动物和人体的呼吸现象，逐渐认识到呼吸的重要性。
随着科技的不断进步，未来对呼吸系统的研究将更加深入，有望为呼吸系统疾学的发展，人们对呼吸系统的结构和功能有了更深入的了解。
，从而排出体内多余的二氧化碳。
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此外，血液中的氧气分压也会对呼吸产生影响，当氧气分压降低时，会刺激呼吸中枢，使呼吸加深加快，从而吸入更多氧气
。
呼吸的代谢调节
呼吸的代谢调节是指通过能量代谢对呼吸系统进行调节的过程。
在进行剧烈运动或肌肉活动时，能量代谢增加，需要更多的氧气参与代谢过程，同时也会产生更多的二氧化碳，此时呼吸系统会进行相应的调节以满足代谢需求。

介绍呼吸系统英文作文

介绍呼吸系统英文作文英文回答：The respiratory system is an essential part of our body that allows us to breathe and take in oxygen while getting rid of carbon dioxide. It consists of several organs, including the nose, throat, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.Firstly, the process of breathing starts with the nose. When we inhale, air enters through the nostrils and passes through the nasal cavity. The nose helps to filter, warm, and moisten the air before it reaches the lungs. It also contains tiny hairs called cilia that trap dust and other particles, preventing them from entering the respiratory system.After passing through the nose, the air travels down the throat, also known as the pharynx. The pharynx serves as a common passage for both air and food. When we swallow, a flap called the epiglottis covers the opening to thetrachea, ensuring that food goes down the esophagus and not the windpipe.The trachea, or windpipe, is a tube that connects the throat to the bronchi. It is lined with tiny hair-like structures called cilia, which help to move mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory system. The trachea then splits into two bronchi, with each bronchus leading to one lung.Inside the lungs, the bronchi continue to branch out into smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are tiny air sacs called alveoli. These alveoli are surrounded by blood vessels and are the site of gas exchange. Oxygen from the air enters the bloodstream while carbon dioxide, a waste product, is expelled from the body through exhalation.The respiratory system also plays a role in speech production. The vocal cords, located in the larynx or voice box, vibrate as air passes through, producing sound. The sound is then shaped into words by the movement of thetongue, lips, and other articulators.In summary, the respiratory system is responsible for the process of breathing and gas exchange. It allows us to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, ensuring that our body has enough oxygen for various physiological functions.中文回答：呼吸系统是我们身体的一个重要部分，它使我们能够呼吸并吸入氧气，同时排出二氧化碳。

呼吸系统真题整理 BY 12临八何白慧

整理by-何白慧【12临八】20150522呼吸系统一、名词解释10*3'1. respiratory membrane2. Hering-Beruer reflex3. oxygen saturation4. centroacinar emphysema5. silicotic nodule6. histogenous hypoxia7. restrictive hypoventilation8. three depression sign9. Kussmaul breath10.scapular line二、选择题25*1'三、填空题x*0.5'（几个忘了）1. 肺泡隔由？、？、弹性纤维、成纤维细胞等构成。

2. 肺泡表面物质的主要功能是？。

3. 生理无效腔=解剖无效腔+？。

4. 呼吸中枢感受器感受？的变化。

5. 氧结合改变Hb运载氧的能力称为？。

6. 胸腔积液达到？mL肋隔角变钝。

7. 支气管隆突角为？。

8. 肺实变的体格检查：视？触？扣？听？。

9. 肺肉质变是？的并发症，又称？。

四、简答题1. H+增多时氧离曲线的变化情况，这一变化的生理意义。

4'2. 隐性肺癌的诊断标准。

5'3. 缺氧时细胞损伤变化。

6'4. 正常呼吸音的类型、特征、听诊部位。

4'5. 平喘药的类型、机制、代表药物。

5'6. 案例分析，比较长，英文，与10级的基本相同。

10' 以上，BY 任泰11临八2014.5.12【呼吸系统】名词解释：3X10kussmal breath 酸中毒式大呼吸scapular line 肩胛线occult（concealed）carcinoma隐性肺癌hypotonic hypoxia低张性缺氧restrictive hypoventilation限制性通气不足three depression sign三凹征Alveolar septum肺泡隔PS pulmonary surfactant 肺泡表面活性物质Vital capacity 肺活量tuberculoma结核球填空：0.5X20（后面为填空数量，还差两个）解剖性死腔：1 肺实变体征：4（望触叩听）肺纹理：2硅肺病病理特征：2 肺源性心脏病诊断：2ARDS 发作性呼吸窘迫和顽固性低氧血症：2氧容量标准状态：2 喉气管憩室分隔:2自主呼吸中枢位置：1解答题：35=5+5+7+8+101继发性肺结核的特点 52红细胞在氧气和二氧化碳运输中作用 53弥散功能障碍以及相关血气变化分析74平喘药类型、机制以及代表性药物 85病例诊断英文case 里面有X-ray 10综合了影像诊断，酸碱平衡，等等等……10临八【整体见图！】09临八【呼吸系统】2012.05.08名词解释×101. typeⅠ alveolar cell2. pulmonary surfactant3. ventilation-perfusion ratio4. grayhepatization5. panacinar emphysema6. cyanosis7. respiratory failure8. sternal angle9. three depressions sign10. consolidation of lung简单题×61. 简述氧合解离曲线的意义与P50的含义2. 试述小叶性肺炎在好发人群、病原菌、炎症性质、好发部位、病变方面的特点3. 试述急性严重缺氧时组织细胞的损伤机制4. 简述肺实变、肺不张、胸腔积液的体征5. 案例分析（英文）—COPD急性发作、Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭08临八呼吸系统生理：好像是氧解离曲线。

呼吸系统(中英文)PPT课件

呼吸困难 labored breathing (hypoventilation) 右心衰 right-sided heart failure (cor pulmonale)
Treatment
不能根治控制症状
No cure relieving
symptoms
防止并发症 preventing complications
小细支气管炎
病理学 Pathology
NMU博学至精明德至善
Clinical features
支气管粘膜炎症、粘液分泌旺盛
咳痰
支气管痉挛，渗出物阻塞
喘
病理学 Pathology
NMU博学至精明德至善
晚期表现 Late stage menifestation
血氧饱和度低 insufficient oxygenation of blood (hypoxemia)
肺间质、肺泡间隔：cap. , f, Mφ
病理学 Pathology
NMU博学至精明德至善 Histology of the Airways
Components Functions
Bronchi are distinguished from bronchioles primarily by the presence of cartilage in their walls. Bronchioles also lack submucosal glands.
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscles
Cartilage 病理学 Pathology
NMU博学至精明德至善
Epithelium
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells Mucous (goblet) cells

呼吸系统-英文版

Diaphragm located below the lungs, attaching to the lower ribs, sternum and lumbar spine and forming the base of the thoracic cavity, is the major muscle of respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily. Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.
Larynx: This is also known as the voice box as it is where sound is generated.It contains the vocal cords. It also helps protect the trachea by producing a strong cough reflex if any solid objects pass the epiglottis.
When you breathe, the air: enters the body through the nose or the mouth travels down the throat through the larynx (voice box) and trachea (windpipe) goes into the lungs through tubes called main-stem bronchi one main-stem bronchus leads to the right lung and one to the left lung in the lungs, the main-stem bronchi divide into smaller bronchi and then into even smaller tubes called bronchioles bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli

pneumonia呼吸系统肺炎全英文

2019/1/29
耳炎咽炎扁桃体炎喉炎源自细支气管炎root
meani ng
example
pneumothorax[nju:mə'θɔ:ræks]气胸 pneumonia肺炎 pneumatic [nu:'mætɪk]充气的 pneumocystis[n'juːməsɪstɪs]肺囊虫 Pneum pneumonectomy[nju:mə'nektəmɪ] 肺切除术 pneumonrrhagia (o)Lung,ai [nju:mə'rei:dʒɪə] 肺出血 pneumograph['nju:məgrɑ:f] 呼吸描计议 pneumocyte[nju:mə'sɪt]肺细胞 pneumatocele['nju:mətəʊsi:l] 肺 r 膨出 Pulmo( o)Pulmonary['pʌlmənəri]肺的,肺病的
failure
hemothorax/ Pulmonary thromboembolism
Respiratory System
• Lab and other inspection
（一）pandect
bronchoscopy Blood tests antigen skin test Thoracoscope phlegm examinatio lungobiopsy n supersonic inspection pleural effusion respiratory function test thoracicopuncture Pulmometry radio examination
Respiratory System
Definition

呼吸系统英文总结

呼吸系统得英文单词总结问诊句型How long have you had cough?您咳嗽多久了?Do you have chest pain when you cough?您咳嗽得时候胸痛吗?Does your chest hurt when you breathe in and out?您呼吸得时候胸口痛吗?AEUAx37。

7C3QEvV。

Do you have any sputum when you cough?您咳嗽得时候有痰吗?What’s the sputum like? What color is it?痰就是怎样得? 什么颜色?kCRrSgp。

tyvy41k。

It is yellow and thick,clear and thin.它就是黄色黏稠痰／稀薄痰。

kif8Rj1。

pjP5wLr。

Do you suffer from asthma?您有哮喘病吗?I need to listen to your lungs.Would you help me?我需要听一听您得肺,请配合一下行吗?I need to take your temperature, feel your pulse and measure your blood pressure.我需要量一下您得体温、脉搏与血压。

dJ0s8sM。

NirtzUj。

The results of your physical examination show that you suffer from mild pneumonia.You need to have intra-venous antibiotics.and I’ll prescribe some pain-killers for your chest pain.您得检查结果表明您有轻度肺炎。

您需要静脉点滴抗生素,我会给您开些止痛药缓解胸痛。

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9cYYS1S。

As your pneumonia is mild, I will also prescribe some oral tablets foryou.But if you do not feel better in three days, please e back to seeme.您患得就是轻度肺炎,我会给您开些口服药。

住院病历中英文对照

1.POMR (Problem-Oriented Medical Records)表格式住院病历2.Biographical data: 一般项目： Age Sex Marital status Nativity Race姓名年龄性别婚否籍贯民族4.Occupation Date of admission Informant History职业入院日期病史叙述者病史5.Chief complaint 主诉6.History of present illness 现病史Past history 既往史：7.Previous health status: well ordinary bad Infectious diseases平素健康状况：良好一般较差传染病史8.Immunizations Allergies: N Y clinical manifestation预防接种史过敏史无有临床表现9.allergen: Trauma: Surgery:过敏原外伤史手术史10.Review of systems: (Tick if positive, cross out if negative. If postive, you should write down your disease history and brief course of diagnose and therapy)系统回顾：(有打√无打×阳性病史应在下面空间内填写发病时间及扼要诊疗经过)11.Respiratory system: 呼吸系统12.Sore throat chronic cough sputum hemoptysis wheezing咽痛慢性咳嗽咳痰咯血哮喘13.dyspnea chest pain呼吸困难胸痛14.cadiovascular system:循环系统15.Palpitation dyspnea on exertion hemoptysis syncope心悸活动后气促咯血晕厥16.edema of lower limbs precordial pain hypertention下肢水肿心前区疼痛高血压Digestive system:消化系统Anorexia sour regurgitation belching nausea vomitting 食欲减退反酸嗳气恶心呕吐abdominal distention abdominal painconstipation diarrhea腹胀腹痛便秘腹泻hematemesis melena hematochezia jaundice呕血黑便便血黄疸Urinary system:泌尿系统Lumbago frequent micturition urgent micturition urodynia腰痛尿频尿急尿痛dysuria hematuria nocturia polyuria oliguria facial edema排尿困难血尿夜尿多尿少尿面部水肿Hematopoietic system造血系统Fatigue dizziness blurred vision gingival bleedig乏力头昏牙龈出血subcutaneous hemorrhage ostealgia epistaxis皮下出血骨痛鼻衄Metabolic and endocrine system:代谢及内分泌系统Excessive appetite anorexia sweats cold intolerance食欲亢进食欲减退多汗畏寒polydipsia tremor hands change of character obvious obesity多饮双手震颤性格改变显著肥胖emaciation hirsutism hair losingpigmentation消瘦多毛毛发脱落色素沉着chang of sexual function amenorrhea性功能改变闭经Musculoskeletal system肌肉骨骼系统Floating arthralgia arthraliga swelling of joints游走性关节痛关节痛关节红肿deformiteies of jionts myalgia atrophy of muscle关节变形肌肉痛肌肉萎缩Nervous system神经系统Dizziness headache vertigo syncope degeneration of memory头昏头痛眩晕晕厥记忆力减退visual disturbance insomnia disturbance of consciousness视力障碍失眠意识障碍tremor spasm paralysis paresthesia颤动抽搐瘫痪感觉异常Personal history:个人史Birthplace Occupation sexual history smoking N Y出生地职业冶游史吸烟无有about years average pieces per day ceased for years约年平均支/日戒烟年alcohol intake N occasional frequent about years嗜酒无偶有经常约为年average ml per day others平均ml/日其他Marital history:婚姻史：Marrying age companion’s state of health 结婚年龄配偶健康状况Menorrhea and Childbearing:月经及生育史Menarche age cycle lasting for days date of last period初潮每次持续时间末次月经时间(age of menopause)绝经年龄Amount of flow: little normal large menstrual pain: N Y经量少正常多痛经无有cycle: regular irregular pregnancy times natural labor经期规则不规则妊娠次顺产times abortions times premature delivery times胎流产胎早产胎stillbirths times difficult labor and its condition死产胎难产及病情Familly history (pay attention to the congenital diseases and communicable diseases and communicable dieases related to the paitent家族史（注意与患者现病有关的遗传病和传染性疾病）Father: still alive illness died cause of deaths mother:父：健在患病已故死因母still alive illness died cause of death siblings: others: 健在患病已故死因兄弟姐妹子女其他Physical examination体格检查Vital signs生命体征:Temperature体温pulse脉搏/min次/分respiration呼吸/min次/分B.P血压mmHgGeneral Appearance一般状况: Development发育:ortho-sthenic type正常asthenic type不良sthenic type超常nutrition营养:well良好fairly中等poor不良cachexia恶病质Facial features面容:normal无病容acute急性chronic慢性病容others其他Expression表情:natural自知painful痛苦anxious忧虑dreadful恐惧indifferent淡漠Position: active semi-recumbent others体位：自主半卧位其他Gait: normal abnormal步态正常不正常Conciousness: aware somnolence confusion stupor coma神志清楚嗜睡模糊昏睡昏迷delirium coppperatio; well badly谵妄配合检查合作不合作Mucocutaneous color: normal red pale cyaosis stainted皮肤粘膜色泽无病容潮红苍白紫绀yellow pigmentation lesions:N Y (type and distribution)黄染色素沉着皮疹无有（类型及分布）Subcutaneous hemorrhange: N Y(type and distribution)皮下出血无有（类型及分布）Hair: normal reduced edema: N Y(position and degree)头发分布正常减退水肿无有（部位及程度）Hepatic palm: N Y spider angionma:N Y （position numbers ）others:肝掌无有蜘蛛痣无有(部位数目) 其他Lymphnodes:淋巴结Superficial lymph nodes: non-swelling swelling(position and characteristics)全身淋巴结肿大无肿大肿大（部位及特征）Head : cranium : size : normal large small deformity:头部头颅大小正常大小畸形N Y(coxycephaly squared skull deforming skull) 无有（尖颅方颅变形颅）Others: tenderness mass sunk (position) 其他异常：压痛包块凹陷（部位）Eyes eyelid: normal edema ptosis trichiasis conjunctive :眼睑正常水肿下垂倒睫结膜normal hyperemia edema hemrrhage正常充血水肿出血eye ball: normal proptosis depression tremor眼球正常突出凹陷震颤motion dysfunction(left right)运动障碍Sclera :normal yellow cornea : normal abnormal ( left right )巩膜无黄染有黄染角膜正常异常（左右）Pupils: equal roundness same size unequal left cm瞳孔等圆等大不等左cmreaction to light: normal delay (left right) disappear (left right) 对光反射正常迟钝（左右）消失（左右）Others:其他Ears: auricle :normal deformity fistula others (left right )耳耳廓正常畸形瘘管其他（左右）excretions of external auditory canal: N Y (left right feature)外耳道分泌物无有（左右性质）Tenderness of mastoid : N Y audation dysfunction: N Y (left right)乳突压痛无有听力粗试障碍无有（左右）Nose: shape : normal: abnormal ( ) other abnormalities:N Y鼻外形正常异常（）其他异常无有Nosalala flap obsruction excretions nasal sinus tenderness:鼻翼扇动鼻塞分泌物鼻旁窦压痛N Y (position )无有（部位）Mouth lips :red syanosis pale herpes fissure mucosa :normal口唇红润发绀苍白疱疹皲裂粘膜正常abnormal ( pale petechia)异常（苍白出血点）Opening of parotid gland duct: normal abnormal (swelling腮腺导管开口正常异常（肿胀suppurative excretions)脓性分泌物）Tongue:normal abnormal (coverings tremor leaning to left or right)舌正常异常（舌苔伸舌震颤向左、向右偏斜）Gums: normal swelling pus overflow hemorrhage pigments牙龈正常肿胀溢脓出血色素沉着lead line tooth:regular edentulous carious teeth铅线牙列齐缺牙—|—龋齿—|—Tonsils: pharynx: voice: normal hoarse扁桃体咽声音正常嘶哑Neck:resistence:N Y carotid artery pulsation: normal increased颈部抵抗感无有颈动脉搏动正常增强decreased (left right) jugular vein:normal distention减弱（左右）颈静脉正常充盈high distention trachea:middle deviation to (left right)怒张气管正中偏移（向左向右）Hepatojugular reflux-) (+) thyroid:normal swelling degree肝颈静脉回流征：（-）（+）甲状腺正常肿大度Symmetry 对称Dominance in one side: spreading nodular:soft hard others :N Y侧为主弥漫性结节性质软质硬其他无有(tenderness tremor bruits)（压痛震颤血管杂音）Chest topography:normal barrel chest pigeon chest funnel chest胸部胸廓正常桶状胸鸡胸漏斗胸flat chest bulging or retraction (left right ) 扁平胸膨隆或凹陷（左右）bulging in the precordial region tenderness of sternum心前区膨隆胸骨压痛Breast: normal symmetrical abnormal : left right(gynecomastia乳房正常对称异常左右（男乳女化mass tenderness excretions of nipples)包块压痛乳头分泌物）Recorder病史记录者Examiner并使审阅者Date of record记录日期Lung肺Inspection : movement of respiration : normal abnormal : left视诊呼吸运动正常异常左right( increased decreased)右（增强减弱）Intercostal space :normal wide narrow(position)肋间隙正常增宽变窄（部位）Palpation : vocal fremitus:normal abnormal :left right (increased触诊：语颤正常异常左右（增强decreased ) pluernal friction rubs: N Y （position）减弱胸膜摩擦感：无有（部位）Subcutaneous crepitus: N Y(posotion)percussion: resonance皮下捻发感无有（部位）叩诊正常清音abnormal dullness flatness hyperresonance tympany异常叩诊音浊音实音过清音鼓音Lower borders:scapular line: right intercostal space, left肺下界肩胛线右肋间左intercostal space Range of mobility: right cm , left cm肋间移动度右cm，左cm Dusculation: breath regular irregular听诊呼吸规整不规整Breath sound: normal abnormal( feature, position )呼吸音正常异常（性质，部位描写）Rale: N Y ：ronchi: sonorous sibilant啰音：无有：干性鼾音哨笛音Moist rales: coarse medium fine rales crepitus湿性大中小水泡音捻发音Vocal conduction: normal abnormal: reduced increased(position)语音传导正常异常减弱增强（部位）Plueral friction rubs: N Y (position)胸膜摩擦音无有（部位）Heart 心Inspection:bulging in precordial region : N Y apex impulse:视诊心前区隆起无有心尖搏动normal unseen increased diffusing position: normal正常未见增强弥散心尖搏动位置正常deviation ( the distance from midclavicularline cm)移动（距左锁骨中线内外厘米）Other precordial pulsations: N Y (position)其他部位搏动无有（部位）Palpation:apex impulse:normal increased thrust unclear触诊心尖搏动正常增强抬举感触不清thrills :N Y (position period) percardial friction rubs:N Y震颤无有（部位时期）心包摩擦感无有Percussion:relative cardiac outline: normal shrink extant (right left )叩诊相对浊音界正常缩小扩大（右左）Ausculation: heart rate bpm/min rhythm(regular irregular听诊心率次/分心律（齐不齐）absolutly irrgelar) heart sound:S1 normal increased decreased绝对不齐心音S1 正常增强减弱split S2 normal increased decreased split 分裂S2 正常增强减弱分裂S3 N Y S4 N Y A2 P2S3 无有S4 无有A2 P2Extra heart sound N gallop (diastolic presystotic summalion额外心音无奔马律（舒张期收缩前期重叠gallop) opening snap others murmurs: N Y (degree conduction)开瓣音其他杂音无有（图示并描述传导）Pericardial friction rubs N Y心包摩擦音无有Peripheral vessals: normal pistal shot of big arteries周围血管无异常血管征大血管枪击音Duroziez’s sign water hammer pulse capillary pulsation二重杂音水冲脉毛细血管搏动pulse deficit paradoxical pulse pulsus alternans other脉搏短绌奇脉交替脉其他Abdoman腹部Inspection: shape normal distention frog abdomen( size cm)视诊外形正常膨隆蛙腹（腹围厘米）scaphoid apical abdomen gastral pattern intestinal pattern舟腹尖腹胃型肠型peristalsis abdominal respiration:existance disappear umbilicus:蠕动波腹式呼吸存在消失脐normal protruding excretions others: N Y(venous distention of正常凸出分泌物其他异常无有（腹壁静脉曲张abdoman purple striae surgical scars hernia)条纹手术疤痕疝）Palpation: soft muscle tension position tenderness N Y触诊柔软腹肌紧张部位压痛无有rebound tenderness N Y fluidthtill N Y succussions plash N Y反跳痛无有液波震颤无有振水音无有Mass N Y(position size) discription of feature liver:can’t be 腹部包块无有（部位大小）特征描述肝未触及touched can be touched :subcostal cm under xipfoid process可触及肋下厘米剑突下discription of feature gallbladder: can’t be touched can be touched特征描述胆囊未触及可触及size cm tenderness N Y Murphy’s sign spleen: can’t be 大小厘米压痛无有Murphy征脾未触及touched can be touched distance from costal margin cm可触及肋下厘米Kideny:can’t be touched can be touched size consistency肾未触及可触及大小硬度tenderness mobility tenderness of ureters: N Y (position)压痛移动度输尿管压痛点无有（部位）percussion: borders of liver dull(existance shrink obliteration )叩诊肝浊音界（存在缩小消失）Upper borders of liver on right midclavicular line intercostal space 肝上界位于右锁骨中线肋间shifting dullness N Y tenderness in renal region N Y (right left )移动性浊音无有肾区叩痛无有（右左）ausculation : borhorygmus normal increased decreased听诊肠鸣音正常增强减弱disappear gurgling N Y vessal bruits N Y (position)消失气过水声无有血管杂音无有（部位）Genitalia :not examined normal abnormal Rectum and Anus :生殖器未查正常异常肛门直肠not examined normal abnormal未查正常异常Spine and Extremities脊柱四肢Spine : normal deformities (lateral anterior posterior protruding)脊柱正常畸形（侧前后凸）Spinous process : tenderness pain while percussed ( position )棘突压痛叩痛（部位）Mobility : normal restricted extremeties: normal abnormal移动度正常受限四肢正常异常deformity swelling of joints joints stiffness 畸形关节红肿关节强直tenderness of muscles atrophy of muscles 肌肉压痛肌肉萎缩Venous distention of lower limbs (position and feature ) acropachy下肢静脉曲张（部位及特征）杵状指Nervus System神经系统Abdominal wall reflex ( normal ) muscle tone ( normal )腹壁反射（正常）肌张力（正常）Myodynamia ( degree ) paralysis of limbs N Y (left right肌力（级）肢体瘫痪无有（左右upper lower) biceps reflex left (normal)right (normal)上下）肱二头肌反射左（正常）右（正常）knee jerk left (normal) right( normal) achilles jerk left膝健反射左（正常）右（正常）跟腱反射左(normal) right ( normal )正常右（正常）Hoffmann’s dign left (+)(-) right(+)(-) Hoffmann征左（+）(-) 右（+）（-）Babinski’s sign left(+)（-）right(+)(-) Babinski 左（+）（-）右（+）（-）Kernig’s sign left(+)（-）right(+)(-) others Kernig征左（+）（-）右（+）（-）其他Laboratory findings实验室及器械检查结果（The important laboratory examination .X-ray . ECG and other result areincluded）(重要的化验、X线、心电图及其他有关化验) Nunber of X-rayX线片号Abstract病历摘要Diagnosis(impressions)入院诊断。

呼吸系统组织结构(英文版)课件

• Small granule cell (neuroendocrine cell)
-EM: dense-core granules -Function: secret hormones to regulate contract of SM and secretion of gland
i. 5-hydroxytryptamine(serotonin) ii. Calcitonin
respiratory region
LP: vascular network
Olfactory cells
Ep: olfactory epi. Supporting cells
olfactory region
Basal cells
LP: serous gland (Bowman gland, olfactory gland)
Epithelium
Figure 17-6: Ciliated respiratory epithelium
ciliated cell
• with cilia
• To provide a sweeping motion from the farthest reaches towards larynx
→terminal bronchioles
• Function:
inspire air (cleaned, moistened,
warmed)
Respiratory portion respiratory bronchioles
→alveolar duct →alveolar sac → alveoli
1.Nasal cavity (study by yourself)
vestibular region

呼吸系统英文总结

呼吸系统的英文单词总结问诊句型How long have you had cough?您咳嗽多久了?Do you have chest pain when you cough?您咳嗽的时候胸痛吗?Does your chest hurt when you breathe in and out?您呼吸的时候胸口痛吗?Do you have any sputum when you cough?您咳嗽的时候有痰吗?What’s the sputum like? What color is it?痰是怎样的? 什么颜色?It is yellow and thick，clear and thin．它是黄色黏稠痰／稀薄痰。

Do you suffer from asthma?您有哮喘病吗?I need to listen to your lungs．Would you help me?我需要听一听您的肺，请配合一下行吗?I need to take your temperature, feel your pulse and measure your bloodpressure．我需要量一下您的体温、脉搏和血压。

The results of your physical examination show that you suffer from mild pneumonia．You need to have intra-venous antibiotics．and I’ll prescribe some pain-killers for your chest pain．您的检查结果表明您有轻度肺炎。

您需要静脉点滴抗生素，我会给您开些止痛药缓解胸痛。

As your pneumonia is mild, I will also prescribe some oral tablets foryou．But if you do not feel better in three days, please come back to seeme．您患的是轻度肺炎，我会给您开些口服药。

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