毕业设计--轻型载货汽车悬架的设计

轻型载货汽车悬架的设计

摘要：汽车悬架是汽车的车架与车桥或车轮之间的一切传力连接装置的总称。其作用是传递作用在车轮和车架之间的力和力扭，并且缓冲由不平路面传给车架或车身的冲击力，并衰减由此引起的震动，以保证汽车能平顺地行驶。本次设计主要是1.5t货车的悬架设计。参照力帆LFJ3048的基本参数，根据载货汽车悬架系统的要求，设计出符合国家标准的悬架系统。悬架的设计主要是通过汽车主要的质量参数的分析，初步制定悬架系统的结构方案。本设计的弹性元件选择钢板弹簧，经过设计计算确定钢板弹簧的主要尺寸和结构形式。通过数据的论证确定悬架的结构方案与主要参数，利用计算机绘制图纸。在设计过程中即要考虑设计的合理性，同时还要考虑结构简单、成本低等因素。通过计算得出的数据表明此次设计的悬架系统符合设计要求。

关键词：1.5T货车；悬架设计；钢板弹簧

Dgsign carry cargo car of light tack suspension

Zhaowei

（Vehicle Engineering 2009, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming Yunnan, 650224)

Abstract:Automotive suspension is the frame and wheel axle or between all the force of the floorboard of the connected device, Its role is to transfer function between the wheel and the frame of torsional force and force.It is buffered by the uneven pavement on the body and chassis of impact, resulting in reduced vibration, to ensure that the car can run smoothly. The design is mainly 1.5t truck suspension design. My design is based Lifan LFJ3048 basic paramete, According to the requirements of truck suspension systems, suspension systems designed in line with national standard.Suspension design is mainly through the analysis of the main quality parameters of the car, and determine the structure of the original suspension system solutions.Select the leaf spring elastic element, has been calculated to determine the size and structure of the main leaf spring. Through the data to calculate and determine the structure scheme and main parameters of suspension,and using computer drawing drawings .In the design process is to consider the rationality of the design should also consider the simple, low cost factors.Through the calculated data show that suspension system meet the design requirements.

Key words：1.5T truck；suspension design；plate sping

目录

摘要.......................................................... I Abstract..................................................... II 1概述 (1)

1.1 悬架的功用和组成 (1)

1.2悬架结构形式的分析 (2)

1.3悬架的设计方案 (4)

2 悬架基本参数的确定 (5)

2.1固有频率 (5)

2.2悬架的静挠度 (5)

2.3悬架的动挠度 (6)

2.4悬架的刚度 (6)

2.5悬架弹性特性 (6)

2.6后悬架主、副簧刚度的分配 (7)

3 钢板弹簧的设计 (9)

3.1钢板弹簧结构选择 (9)

3.2钢板弹簧主要参数的选择 (9)

3.2.1单个钢板弹簧承受的载荷 (9)

3.2.2满载弧高 (10)

3.2.3钢板弹簧长度L的确定 (10)

3.2.4钢板弹簧片数n及厚度h的选择 (12)

3.2.5钢板断面尺寸形状的确定 (12)

3.2.6钢板弹簧各片长度的确定 (12)

3.3 钢板弹簧的刚度验算 (15)

3.4钢板弹簧总成在自由状态下的弧高及曲率半径计算 (17)

H (17)

3.4.1钢板弹簧总成在自由状态下的弧高

3.4.2钢板弹簧各片自由状态下曲率半径的确定 (18)

3.4.3弹簧的弧高 (21)

3.4.4钢板弹簧总成弧高的验算 (21)

3.5钢板弹簧的强度验算 (22)

3.6钢板弹簧中心螺栓的选定 (23)

3.7钢板弹簧衬套的分析和选型 (23)

3.8弹簧夹箍的选择 (24)

4 卷耳的设计 (26)

4.1 卷耳形式的选择 (26)

4.2卷耳的强度验算 (26)

4.3钢板弹簧销的强度验算 (27)

4.4叶片的端部结构 (28)

5减振器的设计 (29)

5.1减振器的分析和选型 (29)

5.2阻尼器基本参数的确定 (30)

5.2.1相对阻尼系数ψ (30)

δ (31)

5.2.2伸张行程的阻尼系数

s

5.3最大卸荷力F的确定 (31)

5.4筒式减振器主要尺寸参数的确定 (32)

6 总结 (33)

参考文献 (34)

指导教师简介 (35)

致谢 (36)