人教版高中英语必修4课文(自打)
(完整版)人教版英语必修四课文电子版.docx
Unit 1Women of achievementReadingA STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEIt is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.Following Jane ’ s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family beings to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babiesplay in the tree. Them we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as long as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals intheir own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960,it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her forthe first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps huntand eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her workout their social system.Four forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.She has argued that wild animals should beleft in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.She is leading a busy life but she says: Once I“stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It ’ s terrible.Itaffects me when I watch the wild chimps.I say to myself,‘ Aren ’ t theyAndluck?then I’think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you haveseen that you can never forget ”⋯She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor ’ s degree and showing that womeniveinthecanforestl as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievement of women.Using languageWHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORD?I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I chooseto study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at thecomputer to do some research on great women of China.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist inwomen’ s diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy inher chosen career, traveling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of themcaught my eye. I was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caringfor babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and freefrom sickness. Why did she write that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought neededthis advice？ I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in thecountryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.That was a generation when girl’ s education was always placed secondWastoboysshe so’ . much cleverer than anyone else?Further reading made me realize that it was hard work anddetermination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.What made hersucceed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. Therewas story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day’ s work, went late at night to deli a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.By now I could not wait to find out more about her.I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi haddevoted her whold life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own.Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I wasvery excited. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entranceexaminations, and⋯Unit 2Working the landA PILNEER FOR ALL PEOPLEAlthough he is one of China’ s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considersimelfa hfarmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and hisslim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggledfor the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rich that has a high output. Thisspecial strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the samefields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Sincethen, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw thegreat need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem inmany parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests withoutexpanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty milliontons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice wasproduced. These increased harvests mean that 22% fo the world ’ s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.However, he doesn’ t care about being famous.He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time forhis hobbies. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream aboutrice plants as tall as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing akind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream:to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough,especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.Using LanguageCHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers cancause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people’ s health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage theland by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals alsostay in the ground and underground water for a ling time. This affects crops and, therefore,animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off.These chemicals in the food supply build up in people ime’. s Manybodiesofoverthesechemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.In addition, fruit, vegetables and other foodgrown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may lookbeautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organicfarming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus onkeeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals andso more fertile. This also keeps the air, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then thenext year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanutsthat use the ground’ s surface followed by vegetables that put down deepSrootsme.organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the nextyear ’ s crop.These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to growngood food and avoid damaging the environment or people’ s health.Unit 3 A state of English humourReadingA MSTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURAs Victor Hugo once said,“ Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightenedthe lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel morecontent with their lives.Not that Charlie’ s own life was easy!Hewas born in a poor family in 1889.his parents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain. Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spenthis childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had,through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in English.He couldmime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever bored watchinghim— his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as hischarming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world.The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small roundblack hat. He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. This character was a social failurebut was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush. It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has justbeen discovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on theedge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats themas if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe. I he eats each mouthfulwith great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one ofthe best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in. In 1972 he wasgiven a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in English and the USAbut spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.Using languageENGLISH JOKES1. There are thousands of jokes which use“ play on words One”persontoamuseasksus.a question which expects a particular reply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you match the joke with the explanation?1.C: What ’ s that fly doing in my soup?W:Swimming, I think!2. C: What’ s that?W: It ’ s bean soup.C: I don’ t want to know what it’ sI wantbeen.to know what it is now.3.C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long?W:No, sir. Round.ExplanationA The first person is asking for information about time. The second person treats it as a question about shape.B The first person is angry about something and wants to say,“ Why is this here?” Th second person treats it as a request for information and gives an answer to the question.C The answer to the question contains a word which, when spoken, can havetwo meanings.2.Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story. The following is one of those jokesabout the famous detective Sherlock Homes and his friend Doctor Watson. Read it anddecide which of these two kinds of jokes you like better.Give your reasons.Sherlock Homes and Doctor Watson went camping in an mountainous area. They warelying in the open air under the stars. Sherlock Homes looked up at the stars and whispered,“ Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of?” Watson replied,of how short life is and how long the universe has lasted.” “ No, no, Watson!” Hom “ what do you really think of? Watson”tried again.“ I think of how small I am and howvast the sky is.“ Try” again, Watson!Said”Holmes. Watson tried a third time.“ Ithink of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds.Holmes said,”“ Watson, you fool! You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!”Unit 4Body LanguageReadingCOMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university ’ s student association, wen the Capital International Airport to meet this year ’ s internationalTheywerestudents. coming to study at Beijing University. We would taken them first to their dormitories and then to the student canteen. After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. I stood fro a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by JuliaSmith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was verysurprised. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! Shestepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. I guessed that therewas probably a major misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling,together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached his handout to the Japanese student. Just at that moment, however, Akria bowed so his nose touchedGeorge ’ s moving handThey. both apologized another— cultural mistake!Ahmed Aziz, another international student, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday, hemoved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer to aska question and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashingthrough the door, she recognized Tony Garcia ’s Theysmilingshookface.hand and thenkissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meetpeople they know. Ahmed Aziz, on the contrary, simply nodded at the girls. Men fromMiddle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talkbut will usually not touch women.As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural“ bod language ”Not. all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in thesame way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that peoplecommunicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using unspoken“ language” through physical distance, actions or postureEnglish. people, for example, do notusually stand very close to others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. However, peoplefrom places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are morelikely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, butsome cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed.I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general— not allmembers of a culture behave in the same way. In general, though, studying internationalcustoms can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’ s world of cultural crossroads!Using LanguageSHOWING OUR FEELINGSBody language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even morepowerful than spoken spoken language.People around the world show all kinds of feelings,wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud. It is possible to us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.“ readOf course,”others aroundbody language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are universal.The most university facial expression is, of course, the smile — its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however. Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone“ loses face” and smilesHowevtoer,hideth it. general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning.In most places around the world, frowning and turning one’ s back to someone Makingshows angerfist. and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening anther person.There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from people or yawning will, in mostcases, make me appear to be uninterested. However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested. If I roll my eyesand turn my head away, I most likely do not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it isprobably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher. In almost every culture, it is notusually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank. Standing at a little distance withopen hands will show that I am willing to listen.With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities inbody language. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!Unit 5Theme parksReadingTHEME PARKES—FUN AND MORE THAN FUNWhich theme park would you like to visit?There are various kinds of theme parks, with adifferent park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history.Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showingthe famous sights and sounds of a culture. Whichever and whatever you like, there is atheme park for you!The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland.It can be found inseveral parts of the world. It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams cometrue, whether you are traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting, yourfavourite fairly tale or Disney cartoon character. As you wander around the fantasyamusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. Ofcourse Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland ！Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the mostunique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America’ s traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park’ s main attraction is its culture. Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres. Peoplecome form all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and ironobjects in the old-fashioned way.Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy thatAmerican southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam-engine train stillworking in the southeast USA. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world’ s largestbald eagle preserve. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best oldwooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in thesmallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning a ll about America ’ s historicalsoutheastern culture!If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies,princes and queens, then England ’ s Camelot Park is the placeEveforyyouarea. of the parkis modeled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Inone place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard. If you want to see fightingwith swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit. If you do wellthere, King Arthur may choose you to fight in the big jousting tournament.Do you likeanimals? Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farmsand took care of their animals. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England ran theirfarms and took care of their animals. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England,come to Camelot Park!Using LanguageFUTUROSCOPE- EXCITEMENT AND LEARNINGLast week I took a journey deep into space, to the end of the solar system, and was pulledinto a black hole. Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash inthe jungle. After that, I joined some divers and went to the bottom of the ocean to seestrange blind creature that have never seen sunlight. For a break, I took part in some carracing and then skied down some of the most difficult mountains in the world. I ended mytravels by meeting face to face with a dinosaur, the terrible T-Rex, and survived theexperience!I did all this in one great day at Futuroscope. Opened in 1987, Futuroscope is one of thelargest space-age parks in the world. This science and technology-based theme park inFrance uses the most advanced technology. Its 3-D cinemas and giant movie screensprovide brand new experiences of the earth and beyond. Visitors can get close to parts ofthe world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through thejungle or visiting the edges of the solar system. The amazing, up-to-date informationtogether with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in acompletely new way for visitors. Learning centers throughout the park let visitors try theirown scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel, the undersea worldand much more.I bought tickets for myself and my friends at the park’ s entrance, but tickets are also available online.Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of funand learning for class outings.Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know theirplans in advance can get the group admission rate. For anyone coming from out of town,Futuroscope has many excellent hotels nearly, most of which provide a shuttle service to thepark. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.Plan your trip wellbefore starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows, activities and great souvenir shops thatit is difficult to see them all. Come ready to walk a lot — be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes!。
(完整版)人教版英语必修四课文电子版
Unit 1 Women of achievementReadingA STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEIt is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity ofthe day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree thenight before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family beings towake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warnsus that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Them we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. Werealize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as long as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to helpher for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed theway people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.Four forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set upOnce I special places where they can li v e safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: “stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It’s terrible. I t affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, ‘Aren’t they luck?’ And then Ithink about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have”seen that you can never forget…She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their ownive in the forest as men environment, gaining a doctor’s degree and showing that women can lcan. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievement of women.Using languageWHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORD?I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose tostudy at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at thecomputer to do some research on great women of China.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist inwomen’s diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy inher chosen career, traveling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One ofthem caught my eye. I was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from havingand caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean,healthy and free from sickness. Why did she write that? Who were the women that LinQiaozhi thought needed this advice？I looked carefully at the text and realized that it wasintended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could notreach a doctor.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.That was a generation when girl’s education was always placed second to boys’.Was she somuch cleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work anddetermination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. What made hersucceed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. Therewas story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day’s work, went late at night to deliv a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.By now I could not wait to find out more about her. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi haddevoted her whold life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own.Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I wasvery excited. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entranceexaminations, and…Unit 2 Working the landA PILNEER FOR ALL PEOPLEAlthough he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself afarmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and hisslim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he hasstruggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybridrice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rich that has ahigh output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of thecrop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is fromthis hybrid strain.Born in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Sincethen, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw thegreat need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem inmany parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests withoutexpanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty milliontons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice wasproduced. These increased harvests mean that 22% fo the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnamand many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to hisresearch, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybridrice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn’t care about being famous.He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time forhis hobbies. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream aboutrice plants as tall as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing akind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has anotherdream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not alwaysenough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.Using LanguageCHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers cancause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people’s health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage theland by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals alsostay in the ground and underground water for a ling time. This affects crops and, therefore,animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off.ime. Many of theseThese chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over tchemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other foodgrown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They maylook beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organicfarming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus onkeeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps cropsgrow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals andso more fertile. This also keeps the air, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often changethe kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and thenthe next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanutsthat use the ground’s surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.Someorganic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carryingaway the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the nextyear’s crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to growngood food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health.Unit 3 A state of English humourReadingA MSTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURAs Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightenedthe lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more contentwith their lives.Not that Charlie’s own life was easy!He was born in a poor family in 1889. his parents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taughtto sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was oftenuncertain. Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spenthis childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had,through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in English. He couldmime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever bored watchinghim— his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as hischarming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. This character was a social failurebut was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from oneof his most famous films, The Gold Rush. It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. They are so hungry thatthey try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe. I he eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that itis one of the best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in English and the USAbut spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.Using languageENGLISH JOKESOne person asks1. There are thousands of jokes which use “play on words” to amuse us.a question which expects a particular reply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you match the joke with the explanation?1. C: What’s that fly doing in my soup?W: Swimming, I think!2. C: What’s that?W: It’s bean soup.I want to know what it is now.C: I don’t want to know what it’s been.3. C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long?W: No, sir. Round.ExplanationA The first person is asking for information about time. The second person treats it as a question about shape.B The first person is angry about something and wants to say, “Why is this here?” The second person treats it as a request for information and gives an answer to the question.C The answer to the question contains a word which, when spoken, can have twomeanings.2. Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story. The following is one of those jokesabout the famous detective Sherlock Homes and his friend Doctor Watson. Read it anddecide which of these two kinds of jokes you like better. Give your reasons.Sherlock Homes and Doctor Watson went camping in an mountainous area. They warelying in the open air under the stars. Sherlock Homes looked up at the stars and whispered,“Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of?” Watson replied,of how short life is and how long the universe has lasted.”“No, no, Watson!” HomeWatson tried again. “I think of how small I am and how“what do you really think of?” Said Holmes. Watson tried a third time. “I“Try again, Watson! ” vast the sky is.” Holmes said,think of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds.” “Watson, you fool! You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent! ”Unit 4 Body LanguageReadingCOMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, wentThey werethe Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.coming to study at Beijing University. We would taken them first to their dormitories andthen to the student canteen. After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I sawseveral young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. I stood fro a minutewatching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by JuliaSmith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was verysurprised. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! Shestepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. I guessed that therewas probably a major misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling,together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached hishand out to the Japanese student. Just at that moment, however, Akria bowed so his noseanother cultural mistake!touched George’s moving hand.They both apologized—Ahmed Aziz, another international student, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday, hemoved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer toask a question and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashingthrough the door, she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face.They shook hand and thenkissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meetpeople they know. Ahmed Aziz, on the contrary, simply nodded at the girls. Men fromMiddle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talkbut will usually not touch women.As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural “bod language”. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in thesame way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that peoplecommunicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using unspoken“language” through physical distance, actions or posture.English people, for example, donot usually stand very close to others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. However,people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely andare more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other byshaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who preferto bow.These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed.I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general—not allmembers of a culture behave in the same way. In general, though, studying internationalcustoms can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!Using LanguageSHOWING OUR FEELINGSBody language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even morepowerful than spoken spoken language. People around the world show all kinds of feelings,wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud. It is possible to “read” others aroundus, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication. Of course,body language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are universal.The most university facial expression is, of course, the smile— its function is to showhappiness and put people at ease. It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however.Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. ThereHowev er, theare unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning. In most placesMaking a fistaround the world, frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening anther person.There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up anddown is used for agreement almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shakingthe head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from people or yawning will, in mostcases, make me appear to be uninterested. However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested. If I roll my eyesand turn my head away, I most likely do not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probablynot a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher. In almost every culture, it is not usuallygood to stand too close to someone of a higher rank. Standing at a little distance with openhands will show that I am willing to listen.With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities inbody language. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!Unit 5 Theme parksReadingTHEME PARKES—FUN AND MORE THAN FUNWhich theme park would you like to visit? There are various kinds of theme parks, with adifferent park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history.Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showingthe famous sights and sounds of a culture. Whichever and whatever you like, there is atheme park for you!The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland. It can be found inseveral parts of the world. It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreamscome true, whether you are traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting, yourfavourite fairly tale or Disney cartoon character. As you wander around the fantasyamusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street.Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifyingfree-fall drops. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there isa Disneyland. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland！Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the mostunique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America’s traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park’s main attraction is its culture. Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres. Peoplecome form all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and ironobjects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy thatAmerican southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam-engine train stillworking in the southeast USA. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world’s largestbald eagle preserve. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best oldwooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in thesmallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning a ll about America’s historical southeastern culture!If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies,Every area of theprinces and queens, then England’s Camelot Park is the place for you.park is modeled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Inone place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard. If you want to see fightingwith swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit. If you do wellthere, King Arthur may choose you to fight in the big jousting tournament. Do you likeanimals? Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farmsand took care of their animals. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England ran theirfarms and took care of their animals. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England,come to Camelot Park!Using LanguageFUTUROSCOPE- EXCITEMENT AND LEARNINGLast week I took a journey deep into space, to the end of the solar system, and was pulledinto a black hole. Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash inthe jungle. After that, I joined some divers and went to the bottom of the ocean to seestrange blind creature that have never seen sunlight. For a break, I took part in some carracing and then skied down some of the most difficult mountains in the world. I ended mytravels by meeting face to face with a dinosaur, the terrible T-Rex, and survived theexperience!I did all this in one great day at Futuroscope. Opened in 1987, Futuroscope is one of thelargest space-age parks in the world. This science and technology-based theme park inFrance uses the most advanced technology. Its 3-D cinemas and giant movie screensprovide brand new experiences of the earth and beyond. Visitors can get close to parts ofthe world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through thejungle or visiting the edges of the solar system. The amazing, up-to-date informationtogether with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in acompletely new way for visitors. Learning centers throughout the park let visitors try theirown scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel, the undersea world andmuch more.I bought tickets for myself and my friends at the park’s entrance, but tickets are also available online. Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of funand learning for class outings. Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know theirplans in advance can get the group admission rate. For anyone coming from out of town,Futuroscope has many excellent hotels nearly, most of which provide a shuttle service to thepark. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway. Plan your trip wellbefore starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows, activities and great souvenir shops thatit is difficult to see them all. Come ready to walk a lot— be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes!。
人教版高中英语 必修4 所有课文
必修4 Unit 1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEIt is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget ..."She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK?I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them caught my eye. It was a smallbook explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. Why did she write that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at the text andrealized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'. Was she so much cleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.By now I could not wait to find out more about her. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own. Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I was very excited. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and….必修4 Unit 2A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLEAlthough he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the firstagricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn't care about being famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbles. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.必修4 Unit 3A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURAs Victor Hugo once said, "Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face", and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.Not that Charlie's own life was easy! He was born in a poor family in 1889. Hisparents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever bored watching him -his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush. It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.ENGLISH JOKES1 There are thousands of jokes which use "play on words" to amuse us. One person asks a question which expects a particular reply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you match the joke with the explanation?1 C: What's that fly doing in my soup?W: Swimming, I think!2 C: What's that?W: It's bean soup.C: I don't want to know what it's been. I want to know what it is now.3 C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long?W: No, sir. Round.2 Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story. The following is one of those jokes about the famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Doctor Watson. Read it and decide which of these two kinds of jokes you like better. Give your reasons.Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area. They were lying in the open air under the stars. Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered, "Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of?" Watson replied, "I think of how short life is and how long the universe has lasted." "No, no, Watson!" Holmes said. "What do you really think of?." Watson tried again. "I think of how small I am and how vast the sky is." "Try again, Watson!" said Holmes. Watson tried a third time. "I think of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds." Holmes said, "Watson, you fool! You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!"必修4 Unit 4COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university's student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students. They were coming to study at Beijing University. We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the student canteen. After half an hour of waiting fortheir flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student. Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George's moving hand. They both apologized - another cultural mistake!Ahmed Aziz, another international student, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday, he moved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer to ask a question and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony Garcia's smiling face. They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know. Ahmed Aziz., on the contrary, simply nodded at the girls. Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural "body language". Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using unspoken "language" through physical distance, actions or posture. English people, for example, do not usually stand very close to others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general - not all members of a culture behave in the same way. In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!SHOWING OUR FEELINGSBody language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even more powerful than spoken language. People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud. It is possible to "read" others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication. Of course, body language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are universal.The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile – its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however. Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone "loses face" and smiles to hide it. However, the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning. In most places around the world, frowning and turning one's back to someone shows anger. Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement, almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from people or yawning will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested. However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested. If I roll my eyes and turn my head away, I most likely do not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher. In almost every culture, it is not usually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank. Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!必修4 Unit 5THEME PARKS — FUN AND MORE THAN FUNWhich theme park would you like to visit? There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history. Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland. It can be found in several parts of the world. It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland!Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeasternUSA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main attraction is its culture. Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres. People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam- engine train still working in the southeast USA. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle preserve. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture!If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you. Every area of the park is modelled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. In one place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard. If you want to see fighting with swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit. If you do well there, King Arthur may choose you to fight in the big jousting tournament. Do you like animals? Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!FUTUROSCOP —EXCITEMENT AND LEARNINGLast week I took a journey deep into space, to the end of the solar system, and was pulled into a black hole. Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash in the jungle. After that, I joined some divers and went to the bottom of the ocean to see strange blind creatures that have never seen sunlight. For a break, I took part in some car racing and then skied down some of the most difficult mountains in the world. I ended my travels by meeting face to face with a dinosaur, the terrible T-Rex, and survived the experience!I did all this in one great day at Futuroscope. Opened in 1987, Futuroscope is one of the largest space-age parks in the world. This science and technology-based theme park in France uses the most advanced technology. Its 3-D cinemas and giant movie screens provide brand new experiences of the earth and beyond. Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system. The amazing, up-to-date information together with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in a completely new way for visitors. Learning centres throughout the park let visitors try their own scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel, the undersea world and much mote.I bought tickets for myself and my friends at the park's entrance, but tickets are also available online. Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings. Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know their plans in advance can get the group admission rate. For anyone coming from out of town, Futuroscope has many excellent hotels nearby, most of which provide a shuttle service to the park. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway. Plan your trip well before starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows, activities and great souvenir shops that it is difficult to see them all. Come ready to walk a lot -be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes!。
Unit 4 课文文本和翻译-高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
人教版高中英语新教材选择性必修一Unit 4课文文本和翻译LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK倾听身体的诉说We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.在与他人交流时，我们既使用言语也通过身势语来表达我们的想法和观点。
通过观察别人的身势语，我们可以了解很多他们的想法。
言语固然重要，但是人们站立、握紧手臂、移动双手的方式也能帮助我们了解他们的情绪。
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.就像口头语言一样，身势语因文化而异。
人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册精品课件 Unit 4 SHARING Section A
Activity 2 Read the text again and match each paragraph with its main idea. Para.1 A.The hard trip to Tombe’s village. Para.2 B.The learning conditions in the school. Para.3 C.The bush school for local students. Para.4 D.Feeling nice to get mail. Para.5 E.The dinner in Tombe’s home. Para.6 F.Their belief about leftover food. Para.7 G.The feeling about the trip. Para.8 H.Tombe’s housing.
3.Why did Tombe throw out of the tin can? A.Because he hated the leftover food. B√.Because he believed leftovers attracted evil spirits. C.Because he believed the can had no use at all. D.Because this is a way for people in Papua New Guinea to store leftovers. 4.How did Jo feel after the visit to Tombe’s family? √A.Happy. B.Sad. C.Worried. D.Upset.
人教版高中英语必修unit4课文知识点详解
of the stars
基础落实
Ⅰ.高频单词思忆
1.The Chinese government did well in preventing SARS from spreading.
2.He cheered up at the good news. 3.There is a friendly atmosphere of helping
6.The fans cheered up at the _p_r_e_s_e_n_c_e_ (到场) of Jay Chou.
7.As a student,I should learn the _f_u_n_d_a_m_e_n_t_a_l (基本的) rules of mathematics.
8.A balloon _f_l_o_a_t_e_d_(飘过) across the sky. 9.There is a shortage of _o_x_y_g_e_n_(氧气) at the
2020/7/25
归纳总结 mass _n_.(_聚__成__一__体__的__)_团__;_块__;_大_多__数__;_质__量__;_群__众__;_大__量_。 a mass of/masses of大量的 the mass media大众传媒 mass production批量生产 in the mass总体上，总的来说 the (great) mass of大多数，大部分 注意 在表示“大量的，许多的”含义时，a mass of/masses of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数 名词。在英语中类似的短语还包括：plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities of等。
Unit 4 Sharing Reading Thinking 课文高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册
宾语从句。
let alone
需跟与前面相同的平行结 Today, some young
构。用在否定句后，表示 people never even read
由于极可能发生的事情都 没有发生，某种情况就更
a newspaper, let alone
不可能了。
a book.
【语境应用】用let alone或not to mention完成句子。 1) They have three dogs to look after, __n_o_t__to__m_e_n_t_i_o_n_/_
some sweets and jam from home; I’ve
been dying to have some of my
be dying to do sth ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ望做某事
favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to
get mail!
1. I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail!
我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且 收到邮包总是令人开心不已。
be dying for / to do sth: to be extremely eager to have / do sth 极想得到，渴望得到，渴望做某事
eg I’m dying to hear your news. I’m dying for something to eat.
➢ in chorus all together; in unison
同时；一起
eg There was a chorus of agreement from the committee.
新人教版高中英语必修4Unit 4 Body Language Using language(含答案)
高一英语同步练习：必修4 Unit 4 Body Language第4课时Using language基础练习本单元重点知识归纳总结：一、重点词汇：(写出汉意及词性)1. represent______________2 .curious _______________3 .defend______________4 . approach ______________5. be likely to______________6 .in general______________7. at ease ______________8.lose face ______________9 .turn one’s back to______________二、重点句式：1. prohibition and warning(禁令和警告)：Do not...; Stop! ;Keep away from...;Always stay...;Watch out! Look out! Go away. Don’t enter hereBe careful when..., Come here.You may not...You will be fined...,Don’t smoke here. Don’t slip;2.obligation(义务和责任)You must...,You should never...,You will be...,You will have to...,You will need to...,We ought to...,He’s supposed to...(书中supposed 第一个s是大写)三、课文重点句型：1 .Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor arethey comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.1. 各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。
(完整版)人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译
必修1 第一单元Reading 阅读ANNE' S BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. 安妮最好的朋友你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友？或者你会不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮?弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记视为自己最好的朋友。
Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don 't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most oppele do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. ” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。
新人教版高中英语必修四完整课文译文
新人教版高中英语课文译文必修四第一单元卓有成就的女性Reading 非洲野生动物研究者清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。
简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。
我们当天的首相任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。
这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。
大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候黑猩猩睡醒了，准备离开。
然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。
在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是爱的表达方式。
简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。
她说对了，但是到了傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。
我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。
我们明白了黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系像人类家庭一样紧密。
在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。
她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。
从孩提时代起，简就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。
但是，这不是一件简单的事。
当她1960年最初来到贡贝时。
对女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。
她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。
比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。
而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。
她曾经亲眼看到过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。
她还发现了黑猩猩是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。
40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不是用于娱乐或公告。
她还为黑猩猩建起了可以安全生活的专门的保护区，她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，正如她所说的：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切就会涌上心头。
我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩，太可怕了。
每当我看着野生黑猩猩时，这个念头总是萦绕着我。
(完整版)人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译_必修4
必修4 Unit 1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEIt is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget ..."She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK?I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in herchosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them caught my eye. It was a smallbook explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. Why did she write that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at the text andrealized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'. Was she so much cleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.By now I could not wait to find out more about her. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own. Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I was very excited. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too late fo r me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and….必修4 Unit 2A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLEAlthough he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn't care about being famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbles. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damagingthe environment or people's health.必修4 Unit 3A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURAs Victor Hugo once said, "Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face", and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.Not that Charlie's own life was easy! He was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever bored watching him -his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stilly carrying a walking stick. This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush. It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.ENGLISH JOKES1 There are thousands of jokes which use "play on words" to amuse us. One person asks a question which expects a particular reply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you matchthe joke with the explanation?1 C: What's that fly doing in my soup?W: Swimming, I think!2 C: What's that?W: It's bean soup.C: I don't want to know what it's been. I want to know what it is now.3 C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long?W: No, sir. Round.2 Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story. The following is one of those jokes about the famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Doctor Watson. Read it and decide which of these two kinds of jokes you like better. Give your reasons.Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area. They were lying in the open air under the stars. Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered, "Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of?" Watson replied, "I think of how short life is and how long the universe has lasted." "No, no, Watson!" Holmes said. "What do you really think of?." Watson tried again. "I think of how small I am and how vast the sky is." "Try again, Watson!" said Holmes. Watson tried a third time. "I think of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds." Holmes said, "Watson, you fool! You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!"必修4 Unit 4COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university's student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students. They were coming to study at Beijing University. We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the student canteen. After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student. Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George's moving hand. They both apologized - another cultural mistake!Ahmed Aziz, another international student, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday,he moved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer to ask a question and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony Garcia's smiling face. They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know. Ahmed Aziz., on the contrary, simply nodded at the girls. Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural "body language". Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using unspoken "language" through physical distance, actions or posture. English people, for example, do not usually stand very close to others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed.I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general - not all members of a culture behave in the same way. In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!SHOWING OUR FEELINGSBody language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even more powerful than spoken language. People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud. It is possible to "read" others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication. Of course, body language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are universal.The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile –its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however. Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone "loses face" and smiles to hide it. However, the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning. In most places around the world, frowning and turning one's back to someone shows anger. Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement, almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from people or yawning will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested. However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested. If I roll my eyes and turn my head away, I most likely do not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher. In almost every culture, it is not usually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank. Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!必修4 Unit 5THEME PARKS — FUN AND MORE THAN FUNWhich theme park would you like to visit? There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history. Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland. It can be found in several parts of the world. It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland!Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeasternUSA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main attraction is its culture. Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres. People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam- engine train still working in the southeast USA. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle preserve. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture!If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you. Every area of the park is modelled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. In one place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard. If you want to see fighting with swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit. If you do well there, King Arthur maychoose you to fight in the big jousting tournament. Do you like animals? Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!FUTUROSCOP —EXCITEMENT AND LEARNINGLast week I took a journey deep into space, to the end of the solar system, and was pulled into a black hole. Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash in the jungle. After that, I joined some divers and went to the bottom of the ocean to see strange blind creatures that have never seen sunlight. For a break, I took part in some car racing and then skied down some of the most difficult mountains in the world. I ended my travels by meeting face to face with a dinosaur, the terrible T-Rex, and survived the experience!I did all this in one great day at Futuroscope. Opened in 1987, Futuroscope is one of the largest space-age parks in the world. This science and technology-based theme park in France uses the most advanced technology. Its 3-D cinemas and giant movie screens provide brand new experiences of the earth and beyond. Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system. The amazing, up-to-date information together with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in a completely new way for visitors. Learning centres throughout the park let visitors try their own scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel, the undersea world and much mote.I bought tickets for myself and my friends at the park's entrance, but tickets are also available online. Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings. Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know their plans in advance can get the group admission rate. For anyone coming from out of town, Futuroscope has many excellent hotels nearby, most of which provide a shuttle service to the park. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway. Plan your trip well before starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows, activities and great souvenir shops that it is difficult to see them all. Come ready to walk a lot - be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes!。
人教版高中英语必修四-第四单元-Body-language-知识点讲解
4. They had a large__m__a_jo_r_i_ty_ (major) over the other party at the last election.
4. 名词作宾语。
5. All our officers are trained
_t_o__d_e_fe_n_d_ (defensive) ourselves against knife attack. 5. 不定式表示目的。
3. __sp_e_a_k____ v.谈话，讲话 _s_p_e_e_c_h___ n. 发言 __sp__o_k_e_n__ adj.口语的
4. _d__ef_e_n_c_e___ n.防御，保卫 _d_e_f_e_n_d____ v. 防御，保卫 _d__ef_e_n_s_iv_e____ adj. 防御的，保卫的
6) A
3.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. （Page 26） 第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，紧随其 后的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
They will be meeting at a major hotel 2
_w__it_h_ local business people and people 3_w__h_o_ represent the Chinese government. Four people enter looking around 4 _in_ a curious way. You do not want to disappoint your boss，and this is an 5_e_x_c_i_ti_n_g_ (excite) experience for you，So you stand watching and 6_l_is_t_e_n_in_g__ (listen).
新教材2023年高中英语 Unit 4 Section Ⅰ 课件 新人教版必修第三册
8．go __u_p__ 增长；上升；升起；被兴建；被建造；被焚毁 9．come __d_o_w_n__ 下来；下降；倒塌 10．look __u_p__ 抬头看；(在词典、计算机等中)查阅 11．find __o_u_t__ 弄清楚；查明 12．focus __o_n__ 集中(注意力，精力等) 13．believe __in___ 相信；信任 14．_m__a_k_e__ progress取得进步 15．_i_n___ a short time在很短时间内
4．Which of the following is NOT China’s achievement？__D____ A．Shenzhou 5 spacecraft orbited Earth successfully. B．Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. C．Tiangong 2 space lab was launched into space. D．Chang’e 4 explored planets like Mars and Jupiter.
22．__sp_a_c_e_c_r_af_t____ n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 23．__sp_a_c_e_w_a_l_k___ n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间 24．__ja_d_e___ n. 玉；翡翠；玉器
25．__d_o_ck___ vi. & vt. (两架航天器)对接；(使)…… 进港 n. 码头；
21．__in_d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_tl_y____ adv. 独立地；自立地 →___in_d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_t __ adj. 独立的；自立的 →___in_d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_c_e__ n．独立 →___de_p_e_n_d_e_n_t__ adj. 依靠的；依赖的 →___de_p_e_n_d_e_n_c_e__ n．信赖；依赖 →___de_p_e_n_d__ v．依靠；依赖
全册高中英语必修4课文逐句翻译(外研版)
1.必修四Module1 The City of the Future未来城市What will the city of the future look like?未来的城市会是什么样子呢？No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. 没有人确切的了解，预测也是一件很危险的事情。
But one thing is certain---they are going to get bigger before they get smaller.但是有一件事情是可以肯定的---他们将会先变大，然后再变小。
In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out. 在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。
We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. 我们将会使用大量的可回收材料，例如，塑料、铝、钢铁、玻璃、木头和纸。
我们浪费自然资源的程度将会有所减弱。
We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源。
例如，太阳能和风能。
All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain. 所有的这些似乎是肯定的，但是还有许多关于城市生活的事情仍是未知的。
人教版高中英语必修4unit4课文知识点详解
2.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到来的是来自哥伦比 亚的托尼·加西亚,紧随其后的是来自英国的朱莉 娅·史密斯。 考点提炼 序数词修饰名词,其后应接_不__定__式__作 宾语。
8.The assessment of a student’s work is often _s_u_b_j_e_c_t_i_v_e_ (主观的).
9.Age is a _m_a_j_o_r_ (主要的) factor affecting chances of employment.
10.In the past,dress,speech and table manners indicated social _r_a_n_k_ (等级).
He represented our school to take part in the competition and all of us were proud of him. 他代表我们学校参加竞赛，我们为他而感到自豪。 归纳总结 represent _v_t_._代__表__；__描__绘__；__表__现_。 (1)represent...as...把……描绘成…… represent oneself as/to be自称是…… represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事 (2)representation n.表现;描述;描绘;表现形式 make representations to... 与……交涉;向……提出抗议 (3)representative n.代表；adj.典型的，有代表性的
2025版新教材高中英语Unit4SectionⅢUsingLanguage新人教版选择性必修第一册
4．Knowing the students' body language helps a teacher ow the following EXCEPT __A__.
A．when to start his class B．when to talk to them face to face C．when to intervene D．when to adjust class activities
27．__a_sh_a_m__e_d__adj.羞愧的；惭愧的 28．__m_e_r_e_ly___adv.只是；仅仅；只不过 29．__b_o_th_e_r___vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便 30．__w_e_e_p__vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪 31．__c_o_n_fl_ic_t____n.& vi.矛盾；冲突 32．__in_q_u_i_r_e___vi.& vt.询问；打听 33．__u_lt_im__a_te_l_y____adv.最终；最后 34．__a_d_ju_s_t__vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→__ad_j_u_s_tm__e_n_t_ n.适应；调整
②(2023·1月浙江高考卷)Thanks to Beijing's long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic __e_v_en_t_s__.
3．If a student has serious conflicts with other students, what should a teacher do？__B__
必修人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译
必修人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-Book2 Unit1 Cultural relicsIN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM寻找琥珀屋Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有一段令人惊讶的历史。
这件礼物就是琥珀屋,它之所以有这个名字,是因为造这间房子用了近几吨琥珀,被选择的琥珀色彩艳丽,呈黄褐色,像蜜一样。
屋子的设计当时流行的极富艺术表现力的建筑风格。
琥珀屋这件珍品还镶嵌着黄金和珠宝,全国最优秀的艺术家用了是年的时间才完成它。
In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Frederick I. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of theCzar's winter palace in St Petersburg. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.事实上,琥珀屋并不是作为礼物而建造的。
人教版高中英语必修四课文复习
……showing that women can live in the
forest maesn can. She inspires those who want
to cheer the (achieavcheimeveenmte)nts
of
women.
Unit 2
Hale Waihona Puke hAeltihsouognhe of China’s most famous scientist, Yuan Longping considers a farmer, fohrimhseerlf
Jane warns us othuart group isgoing to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. , the evHenowinevgemr akes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then, we see go to sleep togetthheemr in their nest for the night. We realizethe bond between mtehmatbers of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.
to increase
Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. (Uussineg)his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied his life. , he doesn’t carewaibthout being famHoouwse. ver
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Unit 1 Women of achievementWarming UpExamine the following six women using the rules about what makes a great person. In pairs discuss what they have in common and what makes them great. Give your reasons.1.Joan of Arc was a girl from the countryside who dressed as a man and went to fight for the French. She helped drive the English out of France. She was caught and put to death by the English.2.Elizabeth Fry was a Quaker. She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel peace prize in 1947.3.Song Qingling, Dr Sun Yat-sen’s wife, was one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history. She concerned herself with welfare projects, especially the China Welfare Institute for women and children.4.Lin Qiaozhi was a doctor who became a specialist in women’s illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.5.As a young girl, she always wanted to study animals. She went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university. Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings. She works to protect chimps everywhere.6.Jody Williams helped found and international campaign to stop the making of landmines. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not touse them. She and her organization were given the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997. ReadingA STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE①It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.②Following Jane’s way or studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.③Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.④Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.⑤This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.⑥Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.⑦Then we follow as they wander into the forest.⑧Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.⑨Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.⑩However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.11We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.12Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.13We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strongas in a human family.14Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour.15She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.16Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.17However, this was not easy.18When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.19Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.20Her work changed the way people think about chimps.21For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.22Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.23She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and them eating it.24She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.25For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.26She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used forentertainment or advertisements.27She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.28She is leading a busy life but she says:29”Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.30It’s terrible.31It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.32I say to myself, ‘Aren’t they lucky?’33And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong.34Once you have seen that you can never forget...”35She has achieved everything she wanted to do:36working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor’s degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.37She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK?①I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university?②I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.③By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, aspecialist in women’s diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983.④It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.⑤One of them caught my eye.⑥It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.⑦She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness.⑧Why dis she write that?⑨Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice?⑩I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.11Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.12Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical trainingat that time.13That was a generation when girls’ education was always placed second to boy’s.14Was she so much cleverer than anyone else?15Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.16What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration sheshowed to all her patients.17There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day’s work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.18By now I could not wait to find out more about her.19I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own.20Instead she made sure that about 50000 babies were safely delivered.21By this time I was very excited.22Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?23It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and ...第一单元第二篇课文，背诵课文提醒文字：1.在学校我喜欢英语，生物和化学，但我应该选择哪一个在大学学习？2.直到有一天晚上，当我坐在电脑前研究中国的伟大女性才知道答案。