(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.doc
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情态动词
一、考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:
sometimes:有“ ”=at times. He is sometimes late for school.
some times:几次“ ”I have been to Nanjing some times.
sometime:某“一刻”I bought it sometime last spring.
We’ ll meet again sometime next week.
some time:一“段”We have to stay here for some time.
2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many 修可数名,much 修不可数名;都表示多。例如:
多多牛奶
(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 " 有一点儿 " ,重于肯定,相当于"some" ,但 a few 修可数名,
a little 修不可数名,例如:
He has a few friends in London.
---Would you like some coffee?
---Yes, just a little.
(3)few 和 little 表示 " 几乎没有 ",重否定。 few 后接可数名,little 后接不可数名。例如:
He is a strange man. He has few words.
Hurry up, there is little time left.
【固定搭配】加 -ing
be busy doing sth.忙于做⋯⋯eg: Mother is busy cooking.
look forward to + doing sth.期待做⋯⋯eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.
Thank you for (doing) sth.了⋯感你eg: Thank you for your help.
have fun doing sth愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.
=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water.
have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困
eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.
【情态动词】又叫情助。它具有以下特点:
⑴ 它必与其他用,即:情+原形
表示人所述作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或疑等。
⑵大多数情没有人称和数的化,即第三人称数不加-s
(以 be 和 have 开的情短除外)。
⑶ 在意上,情具有“多性”。
例: can 既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允等意。
⑴表示体力或智力上的能力,即“能,会”,可与be able to。
例: He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.
— Can you play basketball?
— No, I can ’t.
如果表示将来具的能力,要用will be able to。
例: If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.
⑵表示可,主要用于口,面一般用may。
例:— Can we go home now, please?
— No, you can ’t.
You can only smoke in this room.
You can ’t keep the library books for more than a month.
⑶表示“ 可能”,与 may 同,但一般用在疑句中。
例: What can he possibly want?
在否定句中,否定形式can’t表示推“不大可能”。
例: Anybody can make mistakes.
The news can ’t be true.
与第一、二人称用,可以就可能的解决的方式或可能的行提出建。在里,也可用 could 使气婉。
例: Can / Could we meet again next week?下周我可以再面?
— What shall we do? 我怎么呢?
— We can / could try asking Lucy for help. ——我可以露茜帮忙看。
You can / could help me with the cooking.你可以帮我做。
2.may 的基本用法 :
⑴表示“ 可”,用 can 比口化。
例: You may / can come if you wish.如果你想来,你就来。
You may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不摘花。
( may not 表示按定不可,如果用mustn’t 表示人不可。)
— May I smoke here? 我可以在里抽烟?
— No, you mustn ’ t不.行。( mustn ’t表示明确的禁止。)
⑵肯定句中表示推,“可能”。
例: It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。
The news may not be true.个消息可能不会是真的。
注意:如果在疑句中表示“可能”,通常用can 。
例: Can it be true?那会是真的?
Who can he be?他究竟是呢?
⑶【注意】:— May I/we ⋯⋯?
— Yes, you may ./— No, you mustn ’t.
3.must 的基本用法 :