(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.doc

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情态动词

一、考点、热点回顾

【词汇辨析】

1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:

sometimes:有“ ”=at times. He is sometimes late for school.

some times:几次“ ”I have been to Nanjing some times.

sometime:某“一刻”I bought it sometime last spring.

We’ ll meet again sometime next week.

some time:一“段”We have to stay here for some time.

2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little

(1)many 修可数名,much 修不可数名;都表示多。例如:

多多牛奶

(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 " 有一点儿 " ,重于肯定,相当于"some" ,但 a few 修可数名,

a little 修不可数名,例如:

He has a few friends in London.

---Would you like some coffee?

---Yes, just a little.

(3)few 和 little 表示 " 几乎没有 ",重否定。 few 后接可数名,little 后接不可数名。例如:

He is a strange man. He has few words.

Hurry up, there is little time left.

【固定搭配】加 -ing

be busy doing sth.忙于做⋯⋯eg: Mother is busy cooking.

look forward to + doing sth.期待做⋯⋯eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.

Thank you for (doing) sth.了⋯感你eg: Thank you for your help.

have fun doing sth愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.

=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water.

have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困

eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.

【情态动词】又叫情助。它具有以下特点:

⑴ 它必与其他用,即:情+原形

表示人所述作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或疑等。

⑵大多数情没有人称和数的化,即第三人称数不加-s

(以 be 和 have 开的情短除外)。

⑶ 在意上,情具有“多性”。

例: can 既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允等意。

⑴表示体力或智力上的能力,即“能,会”,可与be able to。

例: He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.

— Can you play basketball?

— No, I can ’t.

如果表示将来具的能力,要用will be able to。

例: If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.

⑵表示可,主要用于口,面一般用may。

例:— Can we go home now, please?

— No, you can ’t.

You can only smoke in this room.

You can ’t keep the library books for more than a month.

⑶表示“ 可能”,与 may 同,但一般用在疑句中。

例: What can he possibly want?

在否定句中,否定形式can’t表示推“不大可能”。

例: Anybody can make mistakes.

The news can ’t be true.

与第一、二人称用,可以就可能的解决的方式或可能的行提出建。在里,也可用 could 使气婉。

例: Can / Could we meet again next week?下周我可以再面?

— What shall we do? 我怎么呢?

— We can / could try asking Lucy for help. ——我可以露茜帮忙看。

You can / could help me with the cooking.你可以帮我做。

2.may 的基本用法 :

⑴表示“ 可”,用 can 比口化。

例: You may / can come if you wish.如果你想来,你就来。

You may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不摘花。

( may not 表示按定不可,如果用mustn’t 表示人不可。)

— May I smoke here? 我可以在里抽烟?

— No, you mustn ’ t不.行。( mustn ’t表示明确的禁止。)

⑵肯定句中表示推,“可能”。

例: It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。

The news may not be true.个消息可能不会是真的。

注意:如果在疑句中表示“可能”,通常用can 。

例: Can it be true?那会是真的?

Who can he be?他究竟是呢?

⑶【注意】:— May I/we ⋯⋯?

— Yes, you may ./— No, you mustn ’t.

3.must 的基本用法 :

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