专四虚拟语气讲解及历年例题
专四语法专项训练虚拟语气
专四语法专项训练虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。
1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；1. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _could have got___ much better result s now.2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get2. He would have finished his college education, but he _had___to quit and finda job to support his family.2007A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have3._Had he not been taken good care of __, he would not have recovered so quickly.2005/1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of4. I _would have enjoyed__the party much more if there hadn’t been quite sucha crowd of people there.2004/1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying5. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _had not been__ quite such a crowd of people there.2004/2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t6. _Had it not been__for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not7. _Given____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in t his field.1998a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given8. I was to have made a speech if_I had not been called away__.1997A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. __Given___ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had10. We could _have provided__him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.1995A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. _Had I realized_____you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized12. _Had it not been for____ their help, we would not have succeeded.1992A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _had not been____ in such a hurry you would not have put sugar into the sauce instead of salt.1992A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he _had been operated on__ in time, hemight nothave died___.”1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _would be____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You _could_____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can正确答案是陈述语序3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _would be_______ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were4. If I knew Japanese , I _would apply_____ for the position.1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。
专四语法及练习虚拟语气解读
当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时， if可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。如：
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在 这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话， 我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了
(3)识别事实和假设混合句： Your maths instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time. (句子前半部分为假设情况，而 “父母病了”是事实) I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.(前半部分为 假设，后半部分是事实)
专业四级考试语法-虚拟语气(全).docx
Subjunctive Mood1. 语气 Mood语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对一事物和人的态度和看法。
包括陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气三种。
陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
①T here are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday 昨天一整天你都很忙吗③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊！祈使语气祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。
Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
①I f I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed! 祝您成功！虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达未能成为事实或者不可能成为事实的情况，或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。
此外还可用来表示命令、建议、设想、祝愿（或诅咒）等等，以及表达说话人的主观愿望。
时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式动词过去式 (be 用 were)将来should +动词原形would / should / might / could +动词原形were to +动词原形现在动词过去式(be用were)would / should / might / could +动词原形过去had +动词过去分词情态动词 + have donecould have done本来可以- - -might have done本来可能- - -should / ought to have done本来应该做- - -shouldn ’ t / ought not to have done 本不该做- -would / should / might / could have +动词过去分词你本不应该告诉她真相。
专四语法重点题详解,虚拟语气
• If only the patient ______ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.(2007) • A. had received • B. received • C. should receive • D. were receiving • A
• _____, he would not have recovered so quickly. （1995） ） • A. Hadn’t he been taken good care of B. Had he not been taken good care of • C. Had not he been taken good care of D. Had he been not taken good care of • B
Examples
• The rapid change of society requires that college students adapt to the world outside campus by getting to know the society. • I would rather that you did nothing for the time being. • I wish that I were a student again. • I wished that I had followed his suggestion.
•
If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____ able to write letters in English. (1999) A. should be B. were C. must be D. are B，it’s about time that sb. did sth. ，
专四虚拟语气总结(打印)
专四语法（虚拟语气）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
eg. If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。
真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形⏹If I had time, I would do it again.⏹If I had known of your arrival, I should have met you at the station.⏹If she had further considered the problem, she might have come to the correctconclusion.真题举例：1. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quite such a crowd people there.（00, 49）[C]A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be2. If your car _____ during the first 12 months,take it to an authorized dealer.（98, 43）[B]A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need3. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.(09, 52) [B]A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been4. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.(02, 60）[A]A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not5. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can. (05, 51) [A]A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were6. I was to have made a speech if _____. (97, 51) [C]A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
专四语法(虚拟语气)
4） it is time (that), it is high time
(that)句型中 谓语动词用过去时， 句型中， (that) 句型中 ， 谓语动词用过去时 ， 或者 should+动词原形 此时的should 动词原形， should不能省 是should+动词原形，此时的should不能省 略，表示早该做而未做的事，意思是 ……了 早该…… ……了 “该……了、早该……了” It‘s already 5 o’clock now．Don‘t you think it’s about time we went home？ It’s time you should do cleaning.
if， though引导的从句 5）以as if，as though引导的从句 as though (as if)，意为“好像、仿佛”。as though/as if都可以引导方式状语从句或表词从 句，在连系动词之后引导表词从句，在行为动 词之后引导方式状语从句。as if/as though引导 的从句既可用陈述语气又可用虚拟语气。如果 说话者认为句子所述的是事实或是或极有可能 发生的事实时，则从句用陈述语气；如果表示 的事情发生的可能性不大或非真实的情况，则 从句用虚拟语气。动词形式和wish后面的从句 动词形式变化相同。
3）would rather + 句子（过去时） 句子（过去时） 表示“ 宁愿、 宁可” 语气比较委婉， 表示 “ 宁愿 、 宁可 ” ， 语气比较委婉 ， 后接过去 式。 ---I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you ______ next month for a dinner. A. come B. would C. came D. have come ---It is getting late. I’d rather you ____now. (2011.61) A. left B. leave C. are leaving D. will leave
虚拟语气练习
虚拟语气语法讲解附带练习题虚拟语气表示用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气的重点是：虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气和表示愿望的虚拟形式等。
(一)虚拟语气的常见句型(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：A用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用were)。
B用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would,could,might+动词原形。
C wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词。
(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
(3)would(had)rather,would as soon,would sooner和wouldprefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。
例如：I'd rather you posted the letter right away.我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
I would prefer he didn t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿呆得太久。
I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
(4)It's (high,about) time that句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。
例如：It's very late.It's time we had to go.天太晚了，我们得走了。
4级翻译虚拟语气讲解精选+习题
4级翻译虚拟语气讲解精选+习题高中语法项目------虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood 一：分类1在英语中有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气2 虚拟语气表示说话的人的一种愿望、意见、命令、要求，有时候是一种非真实的假设、料想或者是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。
二、形式虚拟语气经常用在if引导的条件状语从句中，在条件句中做出和事实不相符的一种假设。
a.和现在事实相反的假设If从句主句主语+动词过去式+其它(be动词用were) 主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形+其它如：If I were you, I would study hard. If he had enough money, he would buy a computer.b.和过去事实相反的假设If从句主句主语+had done+其它主语+had been done+其它主语+would/should/could/might +have done主语+would/should/could/might +have been done(被动)如：If you had come five minutes earlier, you would have met him.If they had been treated in time, they would not have died.c.和将来事实相反的假设If从句主句主语+were to do+其它主语+动词过去式+其它主语+should+动词原形+其它主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形如：If I were to do it, I would do it in another day.If it rained tomorrow, we wouldn’t be able to go on picnic.d.混合条件句混合条件句是指条件句是对过去事实相反的假设，而主句则表示现在的某种情况。
专四历年虚拟语气真题
Test :虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)1.It’s high time we _____ cutting down the rainforests.(2006)A.stoppedB. had to stopC. shall stopD. stop2.If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____ able to write letters in English.A.should beB. wereC. must beD. are(99)3.“What courses are you going to do next semester?” I don’t know. But it’s about time _____ on something.A.I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding (02)4.That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it’s hi gh time we ______ strong actions against him.A.betrayed… takeB. had betrayed… tookC. has betrayed… tookD. had betrayed…take (05)5.It is imperative that students _____ their term papers on time.A.hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in (04，94)6.It’s imperative that the government _________ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.A.attractsB. shall attractC. attractD. has to(2006)7.It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of learning difficulties.A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues （07）8.The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _______.A. for us to be preparedB. that we are preparedC. of us to be preparedD. our being prepared (03)9.He left orders that nothing ______ touched until the police arrived there.(1997)A.should beB. ought to beC. must beD. would be10.She asked that she _____ allowed to see her son in police custody. （-1993年）A. would beB. could beC. beD. was11.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ____ quite such a crowd of people there.A.weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t be (2000)12.____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she would have passed the exam.A.Had it not beenB. H adn’t it beenC. was it notD. were it not (02)13.If only the patient ____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics he might still be alive now.A.had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving （07）14.____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A.Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised (04)15.If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can.A.would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were (05)16.Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ____ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get （08）17.He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job tosupport his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have （07）18._____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.（98，96）A.GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given19.If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.A.could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been（09）20.Aren't you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. （10）A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought21.It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in （10）22.It’s getting late. I’d rather you ____ now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave （11）23.My boss ordered that the legal documents ______ to him before lunch.A. be sentB. were sentC. were to be sentD. must be sent (12)24.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?(13)A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.28.If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.(13)A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained29. It is essential that he ___ all the facts first.（14）A. is examiningB. will examineC. examinesD. examine30. If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ___ able to advise you much better than I can. （15）A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were错综时间条件句在错综时间条件句中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语式形式。
历年TEM-4真题(虚拟语气)
Subjunctive Mood I20231. It is imperative that the local government _____ more investment into the burgeoning hi-tech industry.A. has to attractB. shall attractC. attractsD. attract2. Advocates of studying abroad believe students will reach new levels of intercultural understanding far exceeding what they _____ be able to accomplish just at home.A. willB. wouldC. canD. could3. In order that no further damage _____, it is crucial that you get the wounded back to the intensive care unit as quickly as possible.A. is to be doneB. will be doneC. can be doneD. be done20221. _____ you _____ further problems with your computer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If…hadB. Have…hadC. In case…hadD. Should…have2. The smell that rose from the saucepan was so powerful that Mom shut the window lest anybody outside _____ it.A. must noticeB. has noticedC. had noticedD. should notice3. The printer used the highest quality paper and ink and turned out far fewer volumes than he otherwise _____.A. didB. hadC. could haveD. had done20211. _____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.A. Hadn’t it been forB. Had it not been forC. Had it been forD. Had not it been for2. Drama in fiction occurs in any clash of will, desire, or power-whether _____ a conflict of character against character, or character against society.A. it must beB. it beC. it ought to beD. it was20191. _____ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive. (2019)A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for2. The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person _____ he choose to be. (2019)A. shouldB. couldC. mightD. must3. Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwise __________ abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remainB. could remainC. must have remainedD. might have remained20181.My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _____.A.A hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise2.He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed. (2018)A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom20171.At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as_____ if I_____ alone.A.would have been, had beenB. should be, had beenC. could be, wereD. might have been, were2. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to _____.A.alleviate hostilityB. express unfavorable feelingC. indicate uncertaintyD. make a suggestion3. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express ______.（2017）A. obligationB. disappointmentC. future in the pastD. tentativeness20161._____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision. (2016)A.Hadn’t it been forB. Had it not been forC. Had it been forD. Had not it been for2. The sentence “I wish I had been careful in spending money” expresses the speaker’s _____.A. hopeB. joyC. regretD. relief2015If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can. A. will be B. would be C. was D. were2014It is essential that he _____ all the facts first. (2014)A. is examiningB. will examineC. examinesD. examine20131. If it _____ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained2. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don’t turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.2012My boss ordered that the legal documents _____ to him before lunch.A. be sentB. were sentC. were to be sentD. must be sent2011It’s getting late. I’d rather you _____ now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. Will leave2010It’s necessary that he _____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in2009If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2008Had Judy been more careful on the math examination, she _____ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get20071. He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have2. If only the patient _____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving20061. If only I _____ play the guitar as well as you.A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. might2. It’s high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.A. stoppedB. had to stopC. shall stopD. stop3. It is imperative that the government ____ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.A. attractsB. shall attractC. attractD. has to4. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in.A. that you should thinkB. by what you are thinkingC. that you would thinkD. with what you were thinking20051. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were2. _____ you _____ any problem with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. if, hadB. have, hadC. should, haveD. in case, had20041. _______ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not2. It is imperative that students ____ their term papers on time.A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in3. ____, I’ll marry him all the same.??A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poor4. ____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised2003The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ____for that.A. for us to be preparedB. that we are preparedC. of us to be preparedD. our being prepared20021. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not2. What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time ___on something.”A. I’ d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’ m deciding2000All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quite such a crowd of people there.A. w eren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t be19991. Much as _____, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.A. I would have liked toB. I would like to haveC. I should have to likeD. I should have liked to2. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you ___ able to write letters in English.A. should beB. wereC. must be D . are1998If your car __ any attention during the first12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.A.shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need1997I was to have made a speech if _____.A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away1996I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying 19951. We could _____ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specially asked for a small flat.A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided2. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly.A. Hadn’t he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of1994_____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC.I realized thatD. As I realized1993She asked that she ______ allowed to see her son in police custody.A.would beB. could beC.beD. was19921. If you _____ in such a hurry, you _____ sugar into the sauce instead of salt.A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put2. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded. (1992)A. H adn’t been forB. Had it not been forC. I t hadn’t been forD. Had not it been for CET-61.The manager __________________________________ （本来可以参加会议）, but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. (2010.12)2.Mary couldn’t have received my letter, ____________________________________ （否则她上周就应该回信了）. (2008.06)3. But for mobile phones, ____________________________________ （我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便）.(2007.12)4. If you had __________________________________________________（听从我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦. (2006.12)CET-41.You would not have failed if_____________________________(按照我的指令去做). (2009.12)2.If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary _____________________________. (就不会被大雨淋了)(2009.6)3.The victim ________________________________（本来会有机会活下来）if he had been taken to hospital in time. （2006.12）。
专四-虚拟语气练习及小结
虚拟语气一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。
2. 中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
(3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
（3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题(1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用was代替were。
但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中，只能用were。
如：Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。
专四语法第13节-虚拟语气
专四语法第13节-虚拟语气第十三节虚拟语气虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或纯粹的空想等非真实情况。
一if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.if非真实条件句的基本用法由if引导的非真实条件句表示对现在、过去、将来的事实进行假设时，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可以分为以下三类：The victim would have had a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time.遇难者如果及时送往医院，他本来就有机会活下来的。
（与过去事实相反）If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我会告诉你。
（与现在事实相反）If there should be a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪的话，我们就不去滑冰了。
（表将来）[专四真题] If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier to learn. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been译文：如果没有虚拟语气，英语学习起来就会更容易了。
分析：本题表示与现在事实相反的假设。
表现与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去时，主句使用should(would)+动词原形，故B为答案。
A项could have been 是对过去事实的假设，与从句所表示的现在事实不吻合；C项will be 不可以用于虚拟语气中；D 是与过去事实相反的假设的虚拟语气从句形式。
2.省略if的虚拟条件句的用法在虚拟条件句中，如果从句中含有were, had或should等词时，可将if省去，把were, had或should等提到主句之前，引起倒装。
TEM-4历年语法考点(第四章虚拟语气精品PPT课件
2）某些宾语从句常有形容词做宾语补足语，在 这种情况下，习惯上用it作形式宾语，将形容词 置于it 和that引导的宾语从句之间。此时，受毗 邻关系的影响，宾语从句中的谓语动词用动词 原形或should+v。
e.g.： We all consider it necessary that he (should) explain everything clearly in front of the committee.
13
6．If only 和 Would that 后的虚拟语气
If only 和 Would that 之后的句子需要用虚拟语气， 表示现在没有实现的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时； 表示过去没有实现的愿望，谓语动词用过去完成时。 Would that 是 I (we) would的简化，I would相当于I wish。
9
e.g.:
Had I taken my umbrella with me this morning, I would not be wet now. （条件从句指的是过去的 事情，而主句指的是现在的情况。）
If I were you, I would not have bought this car. （条件从句是指现在的情况，而主句是指过去发 生的事情。）
She is ill. Otherwise she would be here to see
you.
（otherwise后用了虚拟语气，表示和现在事实相
反的情况。）
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3）supposing, suppose, provided, providing, given+名词性结构或that从句。
e.g.： Supposing that we were in Singapore, what would you do now? Given more money, we would have done the experiment better.
英语专四真题汇总之虚拟语气
英语专四真题汇总之虚拟语气Ⅰ.2004年54.＿＿if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A．Would you be surprised B. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. would you have been surprised[A] 译文：如果昨天没有通知你我就来了，你会觉得奇怪吗？虚拟语气题。
从句表示与过去的事实相反的情况，但主语中含有未来发生的意思，而且是问对方现场的感受，所以动词形式应与表示现在的时间一致，故选A。
56.It is imperative that students ＿＿their term papers on time.A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in[A] 译文：学生必须按时上交他们的学期论文。
句中单词imperative是虚拟语气的一个标志，后面的主语从句中的谓语应该用should加动词原形或者直接用动词原形，故A正确。
Ⅱ.2005年51.If you explained the situation to your solicitor , he ＿＿able to adviseyou much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were[A]译文：如果你把情况说给你的律师，他的建议会比我给你的建议更好。
根据句意，从句用的是过去时态，主句要用过去将来时态，故A正确。
63.＿＿you ＿＿further problems with your printer, contact your dealer foradvice.A. If , hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. In case, had[C]译文：如果你的打印机再有问题，请联系经销商获取建议。
专四语法专项训练 虚拟语气
考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。
1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；1. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _could have got___ much better result s now.2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get2. He would have finished his college education, but he _had___to quit and finda job to support his family.2007A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have3._Had he not been taken good care of __, he would not have recovered so quickly.2005/1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of4. I _would have enjoyed__the party much more if there hadn’t been quite sucha crowd of people there.2004/1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying5. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _had not been__ quite such a crowd of people there.2004/2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t6. _Had it not been__for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not7. _Given____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in t his field.1998a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given8. I was to have made a speech if_I had not been called away__.1997A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. __Given___ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had10. We could _have provided__him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.1995A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. _Had I realized_____you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized12. _Had it not been for____ their help, we would not have succeeded.1992A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _had not been____ in such a hurry you would not have put sugar into the sauce instead of salt.1992A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he _had been operated on__ in time, hemight not have died___.”1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _would be____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You _could_____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can正确答案是陈述语序3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _would be_______ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were4. If I knew Japanese , I _would apply_____ for the position.1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。
虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)
虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time, I would attendthe meeting.主语+would(should couldmight)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried ,he couldhave caught the train.主语+would（should couldmight）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad ,I wouldgo to America.主语+would（could shouldmight）+动词原型错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.though引导的方式状语从句中表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形He acts as if he could win in the game .注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。
例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
(完整word版)虚拟语气解析以及练习题答案详细解答
虚拟语气解析及练习与答案详解虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的运用练习题及答案解释The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished。
A.could lose B。
would have lost C。
might lose D。
ought to have lost解析：这个句子中含有一个省略if,把助动词提前到主语they之前的虚拟条件句,该条件句表示对过去情况的假设,而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost为正确答案。
2. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now. A。
must have been B。
would have been C。
were D. would be解析：这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子.条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选would(should, could，might)+动词原形这种表达形式。
四个选项中只有（D)是正确表达形式，故为正确答案.3。
If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange。
A。
shouldn’t contact B。
didn’t contact C. weren’t to contact D。
hadn’t contacted解析：until recently，因此（D)是正确答案,而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟条件句.4. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last SundayA。
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虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇、设想等。
虚拟语气在各种结构中的运用是历年三级统考必考的内容，考生必须熟练掌握。
以下从五个方面介绍。
一、虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用：
虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。
表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用过去式，主句用would（或could ,should ,might）加原形动词。
与过去事实相反的，if从句用过去完成时，主句用would（或could ,should ,might）+have done结构。
与将来事实可能相反的，if 从句用should （或were to ）加动词原形，主句用would加动词原形。
1、If a better material _____, the strength of the part would have been increased.
A. had been used
B. had been using
C. being used
D. using
（根据前面的讲解，正确答案为A。
）（1992年58题）
2、Had the weather been good, the children _____ out for a walk.
A. had gone
B. could have gone
C. would go
D. went
（答案：B。
与过去的事实相反。
当if从句中含有were, had, should这三个词时，if可以省略，主谓倒装。
）（2001年57题）
二、某些动词后的宾语从句以及某些名词后的表语或同位语从句中虚拟语气的运用
这些动词或名词包括：
suggest （suggestion）,propose（proposal）,advise （advice）demand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等。
在这些从句中，谓语形式为should 加动词原形，should可以省略。
例：The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more important task.
A. would leave
B. leave
C. left
D. have left
（答案：B）（2002年49题）
三、在It is desired （或desirable）, It is important等结构后面的主语从句中，动词用原形或should+原形动词。
这些结构有：
“It is suggested”, “It is requested”,“It was ordered”, “It is necessary”, “It is essential”, “It is vital”, “It is urgent”,“ It is impossible”, “It is preferable”, “It is advisable”, “It was proposed”等。
例：It’s desired that she _____ to teach us at least twice a week.
A. comes
B. will com
C. come
D. may come
（答案：C）（1997年29题）
四、would rather, as if/though 以及wish后边that从句中虚拟语气的运用。
1、I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _____ next month for a dinner.
A. come
B. would come
C. came
D. have come
（答案：C。
would rather 后面的从句中，动词用过去式。
）（2002年46题）
2、He talks as if he _____ everything in the world.
A. knows
B. knew
C. had known
D. would have know
（正确答案为B。
在as if/though后边的方式状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式；如果表示的是想象中的过去的动作，用过去完成时。
本句表示对现在的情况有所怀疑。
）（1998年45题）
3、You look as if you had seen a ghost.
（此句中as if 后边是说话人想象中的动作，所以用过去完成时。
）
4、I wish I knew his address.
（在wish后边的从句中，如果指现在或将来的愿望，动词用过去式。
这句话告诉我们说话人并不知道他的地址。
）
5、Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in college。
A. could study
B. studied
C. had studied
D. would study
（答案为C。
表示过去没有实现的愿望，动词用过去完成时。
）（2000年32题）
五、在It is （high） time后边的that从句中，动词用过去式，表示该做某事了。
例：Don’t you think it is time you _____ smoking?
A. give up
B. gave up
C. would give up
D. should give up
（答案为B。
）（1999年31题）。