语言学常用术语英汉对照表

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语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表Aabbreviation 缩写词,略语ablative 夺格,离格accent 重音(符)accusative 宾格achievement test 成绩测试acoustic phonetics 声学语音学acquisition 习得acronym 缩略语action process 动作过程actor 动作者address form 称呼形式addressee 受话人addresser 发话人adjective 形容词adjunct 修饰成分附加语adverb 副词affix 词缀affixation词缀附加法affricate 塞擦音agreement 一致关系airstream 气流alliteration 头韵allomorph 词/语素变体allophone 音位变体allophonic variation 音位变体allophony音位变体现象alveolar ridge 齿龈alveolar 齿龈音ambiguity 歧义analogical creation 类推造字anapest 抑抑扬格anaphor 前指替代anaphoric reference 前指照应animate 有生命的annotation 注解antecedent 先行词前在词anthropologicallinguistics 人类语言学anticipatorycoarticulation 逆化协同发音antonomasia 换称代类名antonym 反义词antonymy 反义(关系)appellative 称谓性applied linguistics 应用语言学applied sociolinguistics应用社会语言学appropriacy 适宜性appropriateness 适宜性得体性approximant 无摩擦延续音aptitude test 素质测试Arabic 阿拉伯语arbitrariness 任意性argument 中项中词主目article 冠词articulation 发音articulator 发音器官articulatory phonetics 发音语音学artificial speech 人工言语aspect 体aspirated 吐气送气assimilation 同化associative 联想associative meaning 联想意义assonance 准压韵半谐音attributive 属性修饰语定语auditory phonetics 听觉语音学authentic input 真实投入authorial style 权威风格authoring program 编程autonomy 自主性auxiliary 助词auxiliary verb 助动词Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段back-formation 逆构词法base component 基础部分behavioural process 行为过程behaviourism 行为主义bilabial 双唇音bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音bilateral opposition 双边对立bilingualism 双语现象binary division 二分法binary feature 二分特征binary taxonomy 二分分类学binding 制约binding theory 制约论blade 舌叶舌面前部blank verse 无韵诗blending 混成法borrowing 借用借词bound morpheme 粘着语素bounding theory 管辖论bracketing 括号法brevity maxim 简洁准则bridging 架接broad transcription 宽式音标broadening 词义扩大Brown corpus 布朗语料库Ccalculability 可计算性calque 仿造仿造词语cancellability 可删除cardinal numeral 基数cardinal vowel 基本元音case 格case grammar格语法case theory格理论category 范畴categorical component 范畴成分causative 使役的使投动词center 中心词central determiner 中心限定词chain relation 链状关系chain system 链状系统choice 选择choice system 选择系统circumstance 环境因子class 词类class shift 词性变换clause 小句从句click 吸气音咂音clipping 截断法closed class 封闭类closed syllable 闭音节cluster 音丛coarticulation 协同发音coda 结尾音节符尾code 语码信码cognitive psychology 认知心理学cognitive system 认知系统coherence 相关关联cohension 衔接co-hyponym 同下义词colligation 类连结collocative meaning 搭配意义color word 色彩词color word system 色彩词系统command 指令common core 共核common noun 普通名词communication 交际communicative competence 交际能力communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲communicative test 交际性测试communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法compact disk 激光盘comparative degree 比较级competence 能力complement 补语complementary antonym 互补反义词complementary antonymy 互补反义关系complementary distribution互补分布complex predicate 复合谓语component 成分componential analysis 成分分析composite proposition 复合命题compositionality 复合性compound 复合词复合句comprehension 理解computation 计算computational linguistics 计算语言学computational system 计算系统computer-assisted learning,CAL 计算机辅助学习computer corpus 计算机语料库computer hardware 计算机硬件computer literacy 计算机操作能力computer networks 计算机网络computer system 计算机系统computer-assistedinstruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学computer-assistedlearning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习conative 意动的concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义concord 一致(关系)concordance 共现关系concrete noun 具体名词concurrent 同时发生的conjugation 词形变化conjunct 连接副词conjunction 连接词conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑connotation 内涵consequent 跟随成分consonance 辅音韵consonant辅音constant opposition 不变对立constative 表述的constituent command 成分指令constituent proposition 成分命题constituent structure analysis 成分结构分析constituent 成分construct 编制construct validity 编制效度construction 构建constructivism 构建主义content analysis 内容分析content validity 内容效度content word 实义词context dependent 语境依赖的context of situation 情景语境context 语境contextual analyses 语境分析contextual meaning 语境意义contrastive analysis 对比分析control theory 控制理论controlled language 有控制的语言convention 常规规约conventional meaning 常规意义规约意义conventionality 常规性规约性conversational implicature会话含义conversational maxim 会话准则converse antonymy 相反反义现象conversion 变换cooperative principle, CP 合作原则coordinate construction 并列结构coordination 并列coreferential 互参的coronal 舌面前音corpus data 语料库语料corpus (pl corpora) 语料素材corpus linguistics 语料库语言学context 上下文countable 可数(名词)counterfactual proposition反事实命题couplet 对句对联creativity 创造性原创性Creole 克里澳尔语混和语cross-cultural communication跨文化交际cross-linguistic 跨语言的culturally-specific 文化特异的curriculum 教学大纲customizing 定制的Ddactyl 扬抑抑格Dani language 达尼语data retrieval, DR 资料检索database 数据库dative (case) 与格dative movement 与格移动declarative 陈述句decoding 解码deductive 演绎的deep structure 深层结构defeasibility 消除可行性definite 有定的degenerate data 无用的语料deixis 指称delicacy 精密阶denotation 外延指称dental 齿音dentalization 齿音化derivation 衍生derivational affix 衍生词汇derivational morphology 派生形态学descriptive adequacy 描写充分性descriptive linguistics 描写语言学design feature 结构特征determiner 限定词developing grammar 发展语法deviant 变体deviation 偏离变异devoicing 清音化diachronic linguistics 历时语言学diachronic 历时的diacritic 附加符号变音符diagnostic test 诊断性测试dialect 方言dialectology 方言学digitized sound 数字化语音dimetre 二音步诗行diphthong 二合元音双元音direct object 直接宾语direct speech, DS 直接言语direct thought, DT 直接思想directionality 方向性discourse 语篇话语discourse analysis 语篇分析话语分析discourse interpretation 语篇理解discrete 分离的离散的discrete-point grammar 离散语法discrete point test 分立性测试disjunction 分离关系displacement 移位dissimilation 异化(作用)distinctive feature 区别性特征distinguisher 辩义成分do-insertion rule do 添加规则domain 范围领域dorsal 舌背音舌中音dorsum 舌背(音)double comparative 双重比较drill-and-practice software操练软件D-structure D结构dual 双数dualistic view 二分观点duality 二重性Eearly Modern English 早期现代英语economy 经济性简洁性ejective 爆发音electronic mail 电子邮件Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语ellipsis 省略(法)elliptical sentencestructure 省略句子结构embedded element 嵌入成分emic 位学的emotive 感情的empirical 经验主义的empirical data 经验主义的语料empirical validity 经验效度empiricism 经验主义empty category, EC 空范畴enabling skills 使成技能化encoding 编码end rhyme 末端韵endocentric construction 内向结构entailment 蕴涵entry condition 入列条件epenthesis 插音增音equipollent opposition 均等对立equivalence 相等equivalence reliability 相等信度error analysis 错误分析EST 科技英语ethnicity identity 民族认同ethnography of communication 交际民族学etic 非位的素的event process 事件过程example-based machine translation 基于例句的机器翻译exchange error 交换错误exchange sequence 交际序列exchange structure 交际结构exhaustive 穷尽的彻底的existent 存在物existential 存在句existential process 存在过程existential quantifier 存在数量词exocentric 外向的exocentric construction 外向结构experiential 经验的experiential function 经验功能experimentalpsycholinguistics 实验心理语言学explanatory adequacy 解释充分性explicit grammar instruction,EGI 明显的语法教学法expression minimization 表达最底程度expressive 表达的extended standard theory, EST扩展标准理论extensive 引申的扩展的extent-condition format 程度条件格式external evaluation 外部评估external qualifier 外部修饰语extrinsic sources of error 外在的错误来源eye movement 眼部移动Fface validity 卷面效度facilitation 便利促进Fasoldfeasibility 可行性feature 特征feedback 反馈felicity condition 适宜性条件恰当条件feminine 阴性fiction 小说figurative language 比喻性语言象征性语言figures of speech 修辞手段修辞格finite element 有定成分finite 有定的有限的finite state grammar 有限状态语法first-person narrator 第一人称叙述者Firthian phonology 弗斯音系学flap 闪音flexibility 灵活性变通性floppy disk 软盘focus 焦点中心folk etymology 俗词源学民间词源foregrounded features 突出特征foregrounding 突出前景话foreign language teaching 外语教学form 形式formal difference 形式差异formalization 形式化formation 形成formative 构形成分构词成分free form 自由形式free indirect speech, FIS 自由间接言语free indirect thought, FIT 自由间接思想free morpheme 自由语素free root morpheme 自由词根语素free variant 自由变体free verse 自由韵文French 法语frequency effect 频率效应fricative (摩)擦音friction 摩擦front 舌面前舌前的fully automatic high qualitytranslation, FAHQT 全自动高质量翻译function word 功能词function 功能functional grammar 功能语法functional linguistics 功能语言学functional sentenceperspective, FSP 功能句子观functions of language 语言功能fusion 溶合fuzzy 模糊的Ggender difference 性别差异general linguistics 普通语言学generalisation 概括generative grammar 生成语法generative semantics 生成语言学genitive 属格所有格genre 体裁语类German 德语given (information) 已给信息global task 整体任务glottal 喉音glottal stop 喉塞音goal 目标government theory 支配理论government 支配grammatical analysis 语法分析grammaticalfunction ; ;grammatical structure 语法结构gradable antonymy 分等级的反义关系gradual opposition 渐次对立grammatical category 语法范畴grammatical concept 语法概念grammatical description 语法描写grammatical form 语法形式grammatical marker 语法标记grammatical meaning 语法意义grammaticalorganization 语法组成grammatical pattern 语法类型grammatical process 语法过程grammatical rule 语法规则grammatical sentence pattern,GSP 语法句形grammatical structure 语法结构grammatical subject 语法主语grammatical system 语法系统grammatical word 语法词graphitic form 文字形式Gricean maxim Grice准则group 词组guttural 腭音Hhalf-rhyme 半韵hard palate 硬腭head 中心词中心成分headed construction 中心结构heptameter 七音步诗行hierarchical structure 等级结构hierarchical system 等级系统hierarchy 等级体系high 高(元音)historical linguistics 历史语言学holophrastic stage 单词句阶段homonym 同音/形异议词Hopi Hopi语horizontal relation 链状关系Horn scale 霍恩阶human cognitive system 人类认知系统human language 人类语言human speech 人类言语human translation 人译hypercorrection 矫枉过正hyponym 下义词hyponymy 下义关系hypothesis 假设hypothesis-deduction 假设-演绎Iiamb 抑扬格iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步诗行IC analysis 直接成分分析法ICALL (intelligent CALL) 智能计算机辅助语言学习ideational (function) 概念功能identifying 认同的idiom 成语习语idiomatically-governed 习语支配的ill-formed sentences 不合适的句子illocutionary act 话中行为施为性行为illocutionary force 言外作用施为作用imaginative (function) 想象功能immediacy assumption 即时假定immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析法imperative rule 祈使规则imperative 祈使语气命令的implicate 意含implication 蕴涵含义implication connective 蕴涵连接implicature 含义言外之意implied meaning 蕴涵意义implosive 内破裂音内爆音inanimate 无生命的inclusiveness relation 内包意义indefinite 不定的,无定的indicative 陈述式陈述语气indirect object 间接宾语indirct speech, IS 间接言语indirect thought, IT 间接思想Indo-European languages 印欧语言inference 推论推理inference drawing 推论inferential communication 推论交际infinitive不定式infix 中缀inflection 屈折(变化)inflectional affix 屈折词缀inflectional morphology 屈折形态学inflective endings 屈折结尾information retrieval 信息检索information structure 信息结构informative (function) 信息功能innateness 先天性innateness hypothesis (语法)天赋假设input 输入input hypothesis 语言输入说instrumental (function) 工具功能integrative test 综合性测试intensifier 强调成分intensive 强调的增强的interactional (function) 交互功能interdental 齿间音interface 界面interference 干扰interjection 感叹词interlanguage 中介语interlingua 国际语interlingual approach 语际法interlocutor 会话者internal evaluation 内部评估internal structure 内部结构international phoneticalphabet, IPA 国际音标internet 互联网interpersonal 人际的interpersonal function 人际功能interpretation 解释interrogative sentence 疑问句intonation 语调intra-linguistic relation 语言内关系intransitive 不及物的intrinsic sources of error 错误的内源invariable word 不变词invention 新创词语inversion 倒置,倒装IPA chart 国际音标图IPS symbol 国际音标符号irony 讽刺反话isolated opposition 孤立对立Italian 意大利语JJapanese 日语jargon 黑话行语Jesperson,OttoJohnson & JohnsonJohnsonJones,DanielKkernel sentence 核心句keyword关键词knowledge 知识known information 已知信息KrashenKruszewski, MikolajKuno, SusumoLlabel 标示标记labial 唇音labiodental 唇齿音language 语言language acquisition device, LAD 语言习得机制language attitude 语言态度language choice 语言选择language comprehension 语言理解language data 语言素材language learning 语言学习language maintenance 语言维护language processing 语言处理language structure 语言结构language system 语言系统language teaching 语言教学language universal 语言普遍性language use 语言使用langue 语言(系统)larynx 喉头lateral 边音旁流音Latin 拉丁语Latin grammar 拉丁语法lax vowel 松元音length 长度音长letter 字母level 层,级,平面Levinson, Stephenlexeme 词位词素lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义lexical change 词汇变化lexical level 词汇层lexical meaning 词汇意义lexical morphology 词汇形态学lexical studies 词汇研究lexical word 词汇词lexicogrammar 词汇语法lexicon 词汇词典lexis 词liaison 连音连续limerick 打油诗line 诗行linear phonology 线性音系学linear structure 线形结构linguistic university 语言普遍性linguistic behaviour 语言行为linguistic behaviourpotential 语言行为潜势linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic context 语言语境上下文linguistic data 语言素材linguistic description 语言描写linguistic determinism 语言决定论linguistic facts 语言事实linguistic relativity 语言相对性linguistic sexism 语言性别歧视linguistic structure 语言结构linguistic theory 语言理论linguistic unit 语言单位linguistic universal 语言普遍性linguistic variation 语言变异linguistics 语言学lip rounding 圆唇化literal language 本义语言literary stylistics 文学文体学loan translation 翻译借词loanblend 混合借词loanshift 转移借词loanword 借词local area networks, LAN 局域网locutionary act 发话行为,表述性言语行为logical component 逻辑成分logical connective 逻辑连词logical form component 逻辑式成分logical form representation逻辑式表达logical formula 逻辑公式logical function 逻辑功能logical semantics 逻辑语义学logical structure 逻辑结构logical subject 逻辑主语logophoricity 词照应London School 伦敦学派long vowed 长元音loss of sound 语音脱落loudness 响度Mmachine translation 机器翻译macrolinguistics 宏观语言学macroproposition 宏观命题macrostructure 宏观结构main clause 主句Malinowski,Bronislawman-machine symbiosis 人机共生manner maxim 方式准则manner of articulation 发音方式marked 标记的masculine 阳性matalinguistic 元语言学的material (process) 物质过程mathematical principles 数学原理maxim 准则maximal onset principle 最大节首辅音原则meaning potential 意义潜势meaning shift 转移meaning 意义mental (processs) 思维过程心理过程mentalism 心灵主义message 信息metafunction 元功能metalinguistic 元语言的metaphor 隐喻metathesis 换位(作用)metonymy 换喻转喻metre 韵律metrical patterning 韵律格式microcomputer 微机microprocessor 微处理器mid 中(元音)mind 思维minimal attachment theory 最少接触理论minimal pair 最小对立体minimalist programminimum free form 最小自由形式mirror maxim 镜像准则mistake 错误modal subject 语气主语modal verb 情态动词modality 情态modern French 现代法语modification 修饰modifier 修饰语monomorphemic 单语素的monophonemic 单音位的monophthong 单元音monosyllabic 单音节的Motague grammar 蒙太古语法mood 语气morph 形素词素形式morpheme 语素词素形素morpheme-exchange error 词素交错误morphemic shape 词素形状morphemic structure 词素结构morphemic transcription 词素标音morphological change 形态变化morphological rule 形态规则morphology 形态学morpho-phonemic component 形态音位成分morphophonemics 形态音位学morphophonology 形态音系学morpho-syntactical change 形态句法变化mother tongue 母语本族语motivation 动因动机move (移动)MT 机器翻译MT quality 机译质量multilateral opposition 多边对立multi-level phonology 多层次音系学multilingualism 多语制多语现象N narratee 被叙述者narrator 叙述者narrator’s representationof speech acts, NRSA 言语行为的叙述者表达narrator’s representationof speech, NRS 言语的叙述者表达narrator’s representationof thought acts, NRTA 思维行为的叙述者表达narrator’s representationof thought, NRT 思维的叙述者表达narrow transcription 窄式音标narrowing 狭窄化nasal 鼻音nasal cavity 鼻腔nasal sound 鼻音nasal stop 鼻塞音nasal tract 鼻道nasality 鼻音性nasalization 鼻音化Nash, Walternative speaker 操本族语者natural language 自然语言naturalistic data 自然语料near-adult grammar 近成人语法negation 否定否定结构negative 否定的negative interference 负面干扰negative marker 否定标记negative transfer 负转移neogrammarian 新语法学家network 网络network computer 网络计算机neutralizable opposition 可中立对立new information 新信息new stylistics 新文体学node 节nominal group 名词词组nominalization 名词化nominative 主格non-authentic input 非真实语料的输入non-contrastive analysis 非对比性分析non-conventionality 非规约性non-detachability非可分离性non-linear phonology 非线性音系学non-linguistic entity 非语言实体non-pulmonic sound 非肺闭塞音non-reciprocal discourse 非交替性语篇non-reflexive pronoun 非反身代词nonsense word stage 无意义词语阶段nonverbal cues 非言语提示norm 规范notation system 标写系统notion 意念notional-functional syllabus意念功能教学大纲noun phrase 名词短语noun 名词number system 数字系统number 数字Oobject 宾语object-deletion 宾语省略objective case 宾格objectivity 客观性obligatory 强制性observational adequacy 观察充分性abstruction 阻塞OCR scanner 光学字符阅读器扫描仪octametre 八音步诗行Old English 古英语one-place predicate 一位谓语on-line translation 在线翻译onomatopoeia 拟声词onset 节首辅音open class 开放类open syllable 开音节operational system 操作系统operative 可操作性operator 操作词oppositeness relation 对立关系opposition 对立optimal relevance 最适宜关联option 选择optional 可选择的oral cavity 口腔oral stop 口阻塞音ordinal numeral 序数词origin of language 语言起源orthography 正字法ostensive communication 直示交际output 产出overgeneralization 过分法则化Ppalatal 腭音舌面中音palatal-alveolar 腭齿龈音palatalization (硬)腭化paradigm 聚合体paradigmatic relation 聚合关系paraphrase 释义意译parole 言语part of speech 词类participant 参与者particle 小品词语助词particular grammar 特定语的语法partitive 部分的部分格passive transformation 被动转换passive (voice) 被动语态pattern drill technique 句型操练法pattern 模式patterning 制定模式pause 停顿peak (节)峰perceptual span 感知时距perfectionism 完善主义perfective 完成体performance test 语言运用测试performance 语言运用performative (verb) 行事性动词perlocutionary act 话后行为perseverative coarticulation重复性协同发音person 人称personal (function) 自指性功能pharyngeal 咽头音喉音pharynx 喉头phatic (communion) 寒暄交谈交感性谈话phone 音素音子phonematic unit 音声单位phoneme 音位phonetic alphabet 音标phonetic form component 语音形式部分phonetic similarity 语音相似性phonetic symbol 语音符号phonetic transcription 标音(法)phonetics 语音学phonological analysis 音位分析phonological component 音位部分phonological level 音系层phonological process 音位过程phonological representation 音位表达phonological rule 音位规则phonological structure 音位结构phonological system 音位系统phonological variant 音位变体phonology 音系学phrasal verb 短语动词phrase 短语phrase structure 短语结构phrase structure grammar 短语结构语法phrase structure rule, PSrule 短语结构规则pidgin 皮软语洋泾滨语不纯正外语Pitch 音高声调高低place of articulation 发音部位play 剧本plosion 爆破plosive 爆破音爆发音plural 复数pluralism 多元主义plurality 复数形式poetic (function) 诗学功能poetry 诗歌polymorphemic (word) 多语素词polysyllabic 多音节(词)polysystemic analysis 多系统分析Portugese 葡萄牙语positive transfer 正移转possessive 所有的属有的possible grammar 可能语言的语法postalveolar 后齿龈音post-Bloomfieldianlinguistics 后布龙菲尔德语言学postdeterminer 后限定词post-structuralist view 后结构主义观点pragmatic inference 语用推论pragmatic roles 语用角色pragmatics 语用学Prague School 布拉格学派predeterminer 前限定词predicate calculus 谓语演算predicate logic 谓语逻辑predicate 谓语predicator 谓语(动)词predictive validity 预测效度pre-editing 预先编辑译前加工prefix 前缀pre-modified input 预修正的输入premodifier 前修饰语preposition 介词prepositional calculus 介词演算prepositional logic 介词逻辑prepositional opposition 介词对立prepositional phrase 介词短语prescriptive 规定式presupposition 前提预设primary cardinal vowel 主要基本元音primary stress 主重音第一重音principle of informativeness信息性原则principle of least effort 最省力原则principle of quantity 数量原则privative opposition 表非对立表缺对立process 过程production error 产生性错误productivity 多产性proficiency test 水平测试pro-form 代词形式替代形式programming language 编程语言progressive 进行体progressive assimilation 顺同化projection rule 投射规则pronominal 代词pronoun 代词pronunciation 发音pronunciation dictionary 发音词典pronunciation 发音proportional opposition 部分对立proposition 命题prose style 散文风格prosodic analysis 节律分析超音质分析psycholinguistics 心理语言学psycholinguistic-sociolinguistic approach 心理-社会语言学方法psychological reality 心理现实psychological subject 心理主语psychology of language 语言心理学psychometric-structuralistapproach 心理测定-结构主义法pulmonic sound 肺闭塞音Putonghua 普通话QQ-based implicature 基于质量的含义Q-principle 质量原则quality 质量quality maxim 质量准则quantifier 数量词quantitative analysis 定量分析quantitative paradigm 数量变化表quantity maxim 数量准则quatrain 四行诗Rrange 范围rank 级rationalism 理性主义raw data 原始素材R-based implicature 基于关联的涵义reader 读者reading comprehension 阅读理解realisation 体现recall 回忆received pronunciation, RP标准发音receiver 受话者信息接受者recency effect 近期效应recognition 识别recursion 可溯recursive 可溯的还原的recursiveness 递归性reference 所指参照referential meaning 所指意义referential theory 所指理论referential 所指的reflected meaning 反映意义reflexive (form) 反身形式regional dialect 地域方言register 语域regressive assimilation 逆同化regulatory (function) 控制性语言功能relation maxim 关系准则relational opposite 关系对立relational process 关系过程relative clause 关系分句关系从句relative pronoun 关系代词relative uninterruptibility相对的非间断性relevance theory 关联理论reliability 信度repetition 重复representational system 表达系统representational 表达实体residue 剩余成分restricted language 限制性语言retrieval process 检索过程retrieval system 检索系统retroflex sound 卷舌音reverse rhyme 反陨revised extended standard theory, REST 修正扩展标准理论rewriting rules 重写规则rheme 述位rhetorical skill 修辞技能rhyme 韵韵角压韵rhythm 韵律节奏Roman alphabet letter 罗马字母root 词根root morpheme 词根语素round vowel 圆元音R-principle 关联原则rule system 规则系统rule-based approaches 基于规则的方法rules of language 语言规则Ssameness relation 相同关系Sanskrit 梵文Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis 萨丕尔-沃夫假设Saussure 索绪尔scale of delicacy 精密阶schema 图式scheme-oriented language 面向图式的语言second language acquisition第二语言习得secondary cardinal vowel 次要基本元音secondary stress 次重音segment 音段selection restriction 选择限制selectional rules 选择规则self-reflexive 自反身semantic association network语义关联网络semantic change 语义变化semantic component 语义部分semantic feature 特征semantic interpretation 语义解释semantic interpretativerules 语义解释规则semantic process 语义过程semantic representation 语义表达semantic sentence pattern,SSP 语义句型semantic triangle 语义三角semantics 语义学semi-consonant 半辅音semiotic system 符号系统semiotics 符号学semi-vowel 半元音sense relation 意义关系sense 意义sentence 句子sentence fragments 句子成分sentence meaning 句义sentence memory 句子记忆sentence stress 句重音sentence structure 句子结构sentential calculus 句子演算setting 场景sibilant 咝擦音sign 符号signified 所指受指signifier 能指施指simile 明喻simultaneity 同时性singular 单数situational context 情景语境situational level 情景层situational syllabus 情景教学大纲situational variation 情景变异slot 空缺social role 社会角色social semiotic 社会符号学socio-cultural role 社会文化角色sociolinguistic study of language 语言的社会语言学研究sociolinguistic study ofsociety 社会的社会语言学研究sociolinguistics 社会语言学sociological approach 社会学方法soft palate 软腭solidarity 团结sonnet 十四行诗sonorant 响音sonority scale 响音阶sound 语音sound image 语音图像sound pattern 语音模式sound segment 音段sound system 语音系统sound wave 音波speaker’s meaning 说话者意义speech 言语speech act theory 言语行为理论speech community 言语社团speech comprehension 言语理解speech event 言语事件speech function 言语功能speech mode 言语方式speech organ 言语器官speech perception 言语感知speech presentation言语表达speech production ; 言语产生speech research言语研究speech role言语角色speech sound 语音speech synthesis 言语合成spelling 拼写,拼法split infinitives 分裂的不定式spoken corpus 口语语料库spoken language translation口语翻译spondee 扬扬格spoonerism 首音互换斯本内现象spread 展元音S-structure 表层结构stability 稳定性stability reliability 稳定性效度Standard English 标准英语standard theory 标准理论standardization 标准化statistical analysis 统计分析status 地位stem 词干stimulus 刺激stimulus-response 刺激反应stop 闭塞音stored knowledge 储存知识strategic knowledge 学习策略知识stratification 层stream of consciousness 意识流stress pattern 重音模式stress 重音structural analysis 结构分析structural (structuralist) grammar 结构语法structural syllabus 结构教学大纲structural test 结构测试structuralism 结构主义structuralist linguistics 结构主义语言学structuralist view 结构主义观点style 文体风格stylistic analysis 文体分析stylistics 文体学subcategorize 次范畴subject 主语subject-deletion 主语省略subjective test 主观性测试subjectivity 主观性subjunctive mood 虚拟语气subordinate construction 从属结构subordination 从属substitutability 替代性substitution 替换suffix 后缀superlative degree 最高级superordinate 上坐标词suprasegmental feature超语段特征surface form 表层形式surface representation 表层表达surface structure 表层结构syllabic structure 音节结构syllabification 音节划节syllable 音节syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus 教学大纲syllogism 三段论法symbol 符号synchronic (linguistics) 共时(语言学)synonym 同义词synonymous 同义的synonymy 同义现象syntactic component 句法部分syntactic features 句法特征syntactic function 句法功能syntactic marker 句法标记syntactic process 句法过程syntactic restriction 句法限制syntactic structure 句法结构syntactical change 变化syntagmatic relation 组合关系syntax 句法system network 系统网络system of signs 符号系统。

语言学中英术语对照

语言学中英术语对照

语言学中英术语对照Glossary and Index Aabbreviation 缩写词,略语Abercrombieablative 夺格,离格abstractness 抽象性accent 重音(符)accuracy 正确性accusative 宾格achievement test 成绩测试acoustic phonetics 声学语音学acquisition习得acronym 缩略语action process 动作过程actor 动作者addition 添加address form 称呼形式addressee 受话人addresser 发话人adjective 形容词adjunct 修饰成分;附加语adverb 副词affix 词缀affix hopping 词缀跳跃affixation词缀附加法affricate 塞擦音agreement 一致关系airstream 气流alliteration 头韵allomorph 词/语素变体allophone 音位变体allophonic variation 音位变体allophony音位变体现象alveolar ridge 齿龈alveolar 齿龈音ambiguity 歧义ambiguous歧义的American descriptive linguistics 美国描写语言学American English 美式英语American Indian languages 美国印第安族诸语言American structuralism 美国结构主义analogical creation 类推造字anapest 抑抑扬格anaphor 前指替代anaphoric reference 前指照应AndersonAnimal communication system 动物交际系统animate 有生命的annotation 注解antecedent 先行词;前在词anthropological 人类学的anthropological linguistics 人类语言学anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同发音antonomasia 换称;代类名antonym 反义词antonymy 反义(关系)appellative 称谓性applied linguistics 应用语言学applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学appropriacy 适宜性appropriateness 适宜性;得体性approximant 无摩擦延续音Apteaptitude test 素质测试Arabic 阿拉伯语arbitrariness 任意性argument 中项;中词;主目article 冠词articulation 发音articulator 发音器官articulatory phonetics 发音语音学artificial speech 人工言语aspect 体aspirated 吐气;送气assimilation 同化associative 联想associative meaning 联想意义assonance 准压韵;半谐音Atkinson, A.M.attributive 属性;修饰语;定语auditory phonetics 听觉语音学Austin, John Langshaw authentic input 真实投入authorial style 权威风格authoring program 编程autonomy 自主性auxiliary 助词auxiliary verb 助动词Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段back-formation 逆构词法base component 基础部分behaver 行为者behavioural process 行为过程behaviourism 行为主义bilabial 双唇音bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音bilateral opposition 双边对立bilingualism 双语现象binary division 二分法binary feature 二分特征binary taxonomy 二分分类学binding 制约binding theory 制约论Black English 黑人英语blade 舌叶;舌面前部blank verse无韵诗blending 混成法borrowing 借用;借词bound morpheme 粘着语素bounding theory 管辖论bracketing 括号法brevity maxim 简洁准则bridging 架接British English 英式英语broad transcription 宽式音标broadening 词义扩大Brown corpus 布朗语料库Ccalculability 可计算性calque 仿造;仿造词语cancellability 可删除cardinal numeral 基数cardinal vowel 基本元音case 格case grammar格语法case theory格理论category 范畴categorical component 范畴成分causative 使役的;使投动词CD-I, compact disk-interactive 交互式激光视盘center 中心词central determiner 中心限定词chain relation 链状关系chain system 链状系统Chinese 汉语choice 选择choice system 选择系统circumstance 环境因子class 词类class shift 词性变换clause 小句;从句click 吸气音;咂音clipping 截断法closed class 封闭类closed syllable 闭音节cluster 音丛coarticulation 协同发音coda 结尾音节;符尾code 语码;信码cognitive psycholinguistics 认知心理语言学cognitive psychology 认知心理学cognitive system 认知系统coherence 相关;关联cohension 衔接co-hyponym 同下义词colligation 类连结collocative meaning 搭配意义color word 色彩词color word system 色彩词系统command 指令common core 共核common noun 普通名词communication 交际communicative competence 交际能力communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲communicative test 交际性测试communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法compact disk 激光盘COMPACT DISD-READ ONLY MEMORY,CD-ROM 激光视盘comparative degree 比较级competence 能力complement 补语complementary antonym 互补反义词complementary antonymy 互补反义关系complementary distribution 互补分布complex predicate 复合谓语component 成分componential analysis 成分分析composite proposition 复合命题compositionality 复合性compound 复合词;复合句comprehension 理解computation 计算computational linguistics 计算语言学computational system 计算系统computer 计算机;电脑computer-assisted learning, CAL 计算机辅助学习computer corpus 计算机语料库computer hardware 计算机硬件computer literacy 计算机操作能力computer networks 计算机网络computer system 计算机系统computer-assisted instruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学computer-assisted learning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习conative 意动的concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义concord 一致(关系)concordance 共现关系concrete noun 具体名词concurrent 同时发生的conjugation 词形变化conjunct 连接副词conjunction 连接词conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑connotation 内涵consequent 跟随成分consonance 辅音韵consonant辅音constant opposition 不变对立constative 表述的constituent command 成分指令constituent proposition 成分命题constituent structure analysis 成分结构分析constituent 成分construct 编制construct validity 编制效度construction 构建constructivism 构建主义contact 接触content analysis 内容分析content validity 内容效度content word 实义词context dependent 语境依赖的context of situation 情景语境context 语境contextual analyses 语境分析contextual meaning 语境意义contrastive analysis 对比分析control theory 控制理论controlled language 有控制的语言convention 常规;规约conventional meaning 常规意义;规约意义conventionality 常规性;规约性conversational implicature 会话含义conversational maxim 会话准则converse antonymy 相反反义现象conversion 变换cooperative principle, CP 合作原则coordinate construction 并列结构coordination 并列Cordercoreferential 互参的coronal 舌面前音corpus data 语料库语料corpus (pl. corpora) 语料;素材corpus linguistics 语料库语言学context 上下文countable 可数(名词)counterfactual proposition 反事实命题couplet 对句;对联creativity 创造性;原创性Creole 克里澳尔语;混和语cross-cultural 跨文化cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际cross-linguistic 跨语言的culture 文化culturally-specific 文化特异的curriculum 教学大纲customizing 定制的Ddactyl 扬抑抑格Dani language 达尼语data retrieval, DR 资料检索database 数据库dative (case) 与格dative movement 与格移动declarative 陈述句decoding 解码deductive 演绎的deep structure 深层结构defeasibility 消除可行性definite 有定的degenerate data 无用的语料deixis 指称delicacy 精密阶denotation 外延;指称dental 齿音dentalization 齿音化derivation 衍生derivational affix. 衍生词汇derivational morphology 派生形态学description 描写descriptive adequacy 描写充分性descriptive linguistics 描写语言学design feature 结构特征determiner 限定词developing grammar 发展语法deviant 变体deviation 偏离;变异devoicing 清音化diachronic linguistics 历时语言学diachronic 历时的diacritic 附加符号;变音符diagnostic test 诊断性测试dialect 方言dialectology 方言学dialogue对话dictionary 词典digitized sound 数字化语音dimetre 二音步诗行diphthong 二合元音;双元音direct object 直接宾语direct speech, DS 直接言语direct thought, DT 直接思想directionality 方向性discourse 语篇;话语discourse analysis 语篇分析;话语分析discourse interpretation 语篇理解discrete 分离的;离散的discrete-point grammar 离散语法discrete point test 分立性测试disjunction 分离关系displacement 移位dissimilation 异化(作用) distinctive feature 区别性特征distinguisher 辩义成分distribution 分布do-insertion rule do 添加规则domain 范围;领域dorsal 舌背音;舌中音dorsum 舌背(音)double comparative 双重比较download 下载drama 戏剧drill-and-practice software 操练软件D-structure D结构dual 双数dualistic view 二分观点duality 二重性Eearly Modern English 早期现代英语economy 经济性;简洁性ejective 爆发音electronic mail 电子邮件Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语ellipsis 省略(法)elliptical sentence structure 省略句子结构embedded element 嵌入成分emic 位学的emotive 感情的emphasis 强调empirical 经验主义的empirical data 经验主义的语料empirical validity 经验效度empiricism 经验主义empty category, EC 空范畴enabling skills 使成技能化encoding 编码end rhyme 末端韵endocentric construction 内向结构entailment 蕴涵entry condition 入列条件epenthesis 插音;增音equipollent opposition 均等对立equivalence 相等equivalence reliability 相等信度error analysis 错误分析EST 科技英语ethnicity identity 民族认同ethnography of communication 交际民族学etic 非位的;素的evaluation 评估event process 事件过程example-based machine translation 基于例句的机器翻译exchange error 交换错误exchange sequence 交际序列exchange structure 交际结构exhaustive 穷尽的;彻底的existent 存在物existential 存在句existential process 存在过程existential quantifier 存在数量词exocentric 外向的exocentric construction 外向结构experiential 经验的experiential function 经验功能experimental psycholinguistics 实验心理语言学explanatory adequacy 解释充分性explicit grammar instruction, EGI 明显的语法教学法expression minimization 表达最底程度expressive 表达的extended standard theory, EST 扩展标准理论extensive 引申的;扩展的extent-condition format 程度条件格式external evaluation 外部评估external qualifier 外部修饰语extrinsic sources of error 外在的错误来源eye movement 眼部移动。

《英语语言学》术语(英汉对照)表

《英语语言学》术语(英汉对照)表

语言学术语(英—汉对照)表Glossary and IndexAabbreviation 缩写词,略语 3。

3.1Abercrombie 10.3。

2ablative 夺格,离格 4.1.1abstractness 抽象性 1。

3.2accent 重音(符)2.4。

4;2.4.5accuracy 正确性 11。

6.4accusative 宾格 4。

1。

1achievement test 成绩测试 11。

6.3acoustic phonetics 声学语音学 1。

7。

1;2.1 acquisition 习得 6.1.2acronym 缩略语 3。

3.1action process 动作过程 12。

2。

3actor 动作者 4.4.2;12。

2.3addition 添加 3.3。

2address form 称呼形式 7.2。

3addressee 受话人 1。

4;9。

4.1addresser 发话人 1。

4;9.4。

1adjective 形容词 3.1.2;4。

1。

1;5.5。

2adjunct 修饰成分;附加语 12.2.3adverb 副词 3.1。

2affix 词缀 3。

2.1affix hopping 词缀跳跃 4.3。

1affixation词缀附加法 7。

1.4affricate 塞擦音 2.4。

3;2。

4.5;2.9.1agreement 一致关系 4。

1.3airstream 气流 2alliteration 头韵 9.3。

2;9。

3。

6allomorph 词/语素变体 3.2。

4;4。

3。

1allophone 音位变体 2。

8allophonic variation 音位变体 2.8。

3allophony音位变体现象 2。

8。

3alveolar ridge 齿龈 2。

2alveolar 齿龈音 2。

4。

4;2.4。

5ambiguity 歧义 4.2。

2;4。

3.1;6.2.3;8.2。

2;8。

(完整版)语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

(完整版)语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表Aabbreviation 缩写词,略语ablative 夺格,离格accent 重音(符)accusative 宾格achievement test 成绩测试acoustic phonetics 声学语音学acquisition 习得acronym 缩略语action process 动作过程actor 动作者address form 称呼形式addressee 受话人addresser 发话人adjective 形容词adjunct 修饰成分附加语adverb 副词affix 词缀affixation词缀附加法affricate 塞擦音agreement 一致关系airstream 气流alliteration 头韵allomorph 词/语素变体allophone 音位变体allophonic variation 音位变体allophony音位变体现象alveolar ridge 齿龈alveolar 齿龈音ambiguity 歧义analogical creation 类推造字anapest 抑抑扬格anaphor 前指替代anaphoric reference 前指照应animate 有生命的annotation 注解antecedent 先行词前在词anthropological linguistics 人类语言学anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同发音antonomasia 换称代类名antonym 反义词antonymy 反义(关系)appellative 称谓性applied linguistics 应用语言学applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学appropriacy 适宜性appropriateness 适宜性得体性approximant 无摩擦延续音aptitude test 素质测试Arabic 阿拉伯语arbitrariness 任意性argument 中项中词主目article 冠词articulation 发音articulator 发音器官articulatory phonetics 发音语音学artificial speech 人工言语aspect 体aspirated 吐气送气assimilation 同化associative 联想associative meaning 联想意义assonance 准压韵半谐音attributive 属性修饰语定语auditory phonetics 听觉语音学authentic input 真实投入authorial style 权威风格authoring program 编程autonomy 自主性auxiliary 助词auxiliary verb 助动词Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段back-formation 逆构词法base component 基础部分behavioural process 行为过程behaviourism 行为主义bilabial 双唇音bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音bilateral opposition 双边对立bilingualism 双语现象binary division 二分法binary feature 二分特征binary taxonomy 二分分类学binding 制约binding theory 制约论blade 舌叶舌面前部blank verse 无韵诗blending 混成法borrowing 借用借词bound morpheme 粘着语素bounding theory 管辖论bracketing 括号法brevity maxim 简洁准则bridging 架接broad transcription 宽式音标broadening 词义扩大Brown corpus 布朗语料库Ccalculability 可计算性calque 仿造仿造词语cancellability 可删除cardinal numeral 基数cardinal vowel 基本元音case 格case grammar格语法case theory格理论category 范畴categorical component 范畴成分causative 使役的使投动词center 中心词central determiner 中心限定词chain relation 链状关系chain system 链状系统choice 选择choice system 选择系统circumstance 环境因子class 词类class shift 词性变换clause 小句从句click 吸气音咂音clipping 截断法closed class 封闭类closed syllable 闭音节cluster 音丛coarticulation 协同发音coda 结尾音节符尾code 语码信码cognitive psychology 认知心理学cognitive system 认知系统coherence 相关关联cohension 衔接co-hyponym 同下义词colligation 类连结collocative meaning 搭配意义color word 色彩词color word system 色彩词系统command 指令common core 共核common noun 普通名词communication 交际communicative competence 交际能力communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力communicative language teaching, CLT交际语言教学法communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲communicative test 交际性测试communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法compact disk 激光盘comparative degree 比较级competence 能力complement 补语complementary antonym 互补反义词complementary antonymy 互补反义关系complementary distribution 互补分布complex predicate 复合谓语component 成分componential analysis 成分分析composite proposition 复合命题compositionality 复合性compound 复合词复合句comprehension 理解computation 计算computational linguistics 计算语言学computational system 计算系统computer-assisted learning, CAL 计算机辅助学习computer corpus 计算机语料库computer hardware 计算机硬件computer literacy 计算机操作能力computer networks 计算机网络computer system 计算机系统computer-assisted instruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学computer-assisted learning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习conative 意动的concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义concord 一致(关系)concordance 共现关系concrete noun 具体名词concurrent 同时发生的conjugation 词形变化conjunct 连接副词conjunction 连接词conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑connotation 内涵consequent 跟随成分consonance 辅音韵consonant辅音constant opposition 不变对立constative 表述的constituent command 成分指令constituent proposition 成分命题constituent structure analysis 成分结构分析constituent 成分construct 编制construct validity 编制效度construction 构建constructivism 构建主义content analysis 内容分析content validity 内容效度content word 实义词context dependent 语境依赖的context of situation 情景语境context 语境contextual analyses 语境分析contextual meaning 语境意义contrastive analysis 对比分析control theory 控制理论controlled language 有控制的语言convention 常规规约conventional meaning 常规意义规约意义conventionality 常规性规约性conversational implicature 会话含义conversational maxim 会话准则converse antonymy 相反反义现象conversion 变换cooperative principle, CP 合作原则coordinate construction 并列结构coordination 并列coreferential 互参的coronal 舌面前音corpus data 语料库语料corpus (pl corpora) 语料素材corpus linguistics 语料库语言学context 上下文countable 可数(名词)counterfactual proposition 反事实命题couplet 对句对联creativity 创造性原创性Creole 克里澳尔语混和语cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际cross-linguistic 跨语言的culturally-specific 文化特异的curriculum 教学大纲customizing 定制的Ddactyl 扬抑抑格Dani language 达尼语data retrieval, DR 资料检索database 数据库dative (case) 与格dative movement 与格移动declarative 陈述句decoding 解码deductive 演绎的deep structure 深层结构defeasibility 消除可行性definite 有定的degenerate data 无用的语料deixis 指称delicacy 精密阶denotation 外延指称dental 齿音dentalization 齿音化derivation 衍生derivational affix 衍生词汇derivational morphology 派生形态学descriptive adequacy 描写充分性descriptive linguistics 描写语言学design feature 结构特征determiner 限定词developing grammar 发展语法deviant 变体deviation 偏离变异devoicing 清音化diachronic linguistics 历时语言学diachronic 历时的diacritic 附加符号变音符diagnostic test 诊断性测试dialect 方言dialectology 方言学digitized sound 数字化语音dimetre 二音步诗行diphthong 二合元音双元音direct object 直接宾语direct speech, DS 直接言语direct thought, DT 直接思想directionality 方向性discourse 语篇话语discourse analysis 语篇分析话语分析discourse interpretation 语篇理解discrete 分离的离散的discrete-point grammar 离散语法discrete point test 分立性测试disjunction 分离关系displacement 移位dissimilation 异化(作用)distinctive feature 区别性特征distinguisher 辩义成分do-insertion rule do 添加规则domain 范围领域dorsal 舌背音舌中音dorsum 舌背(音)double comparative 双重比较drill-and-practice software 操练软件D-structure D结构dual 双数dualistic view 二分观点duality 二重性Eearly Modern English 早期现代英语economy 经济性简洁性ejective 爆发音electronic mail 电子邮件Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语ellipsis 省略(法)elliptical sentence structure 省略句子结构embedded element 嵌入成分emic 位学的emotive 感情的empirical 经验主义的empirical data 经验主义的语料empirical validity 经验效度empiricism 经验主义empty category, EC 空范畴enabling skills 使成技能化encoding 编码end rhyme 末端韵endocentric construction 内向结构entailment 蕴涵entry condition 入列条件epenthesis 插音增音equipollent opposition 均等对立equivalence 相等equivalence reliability 相等信度error analysis 错误分析EST 科技英语ethnicity identity 民族认同ethnography of communication 交际民族学etic 非位的素的event process 事件过程example-based machine translation基于例句的机器翻译exchange error 交换错误exchange sequence 交际序列exchange structure 交际结构exhaustive 穷尽的彻底的existent 存在物existential 存在句existential process 存在过程existential quantifier 存在数量词exocentric 外向的exocentric construction 外向结构experiential 经验的experiential function 经验功能experimental psycholinguistics 实验心理语言学explanatory adequacy 解释充分性explicit grammar instruction, EGI 明显的语法教学法expression minimization 表达最底程度expressive 表达的extended standard theory, EST 扩展标准理论extensive 引申的扩展的extent-condition format 程度条件格式external evaluation 外部评估external qualifier 外部修饰语extrinsic sources of error 外在的错误来源eye movement 眼部移动Fface validity 卷面效度facilitation 便利促进Fasoldfeasibility 可行性feature 特征feedback 反馈felicity condition 适宜性条件恰当条件feminine 阴性fiction 小说figurative language 比喻性语言象征性语言figures of speech 修辞手段修辞格finite element 有定成分finite 有定的有限的finite state grammar 有限状态语法first-person narrator 第一人称叙述者Firthian phonology 弗斯音系学flap 闪音flexibility 灵活性变通性floppy disk 软盘focus 焦点中心folk etymology 俗词源学民间词源foregrounded features 突出特征foregrounding 突出前景话foreign language teaching 外语教学form 形式formal difference 形式差异formalization 形式化formation 形成formative 构形成分构词成分free form 自由形式free indirect speech, FIS 自由间接言语free indirect thought, FIT 自由间接思想free morpheme 自由语素free root morpheme 自由词根语素free variant 自由变体free verse 自由韵文French 法语frequency effect 频率效应fricative (摩)擦音friction 摩擦front 舌面前舌前的fully automatic high quality translation,FAHQT 全自动高质量翻译function word 功能词function 功能functional grammar 功能语法functional linguistics 功能语言学functional sentence perspective, FSP功能句子观functions of language 语言功能fusion 溶合fuzzy 模糊的Ggender difference 性别差异general linguistics 普通语言学generalisation 概括generative grammar 生成语法generative semantics 生成语言学genitive 属格所有格genre 体裁语类German 德语given (information) 已给信息global task 整体任务glottal 喉音glottal stop 喉塞音goal 目标government theory 支配理论government 支配grammatical analysis 语法分析grammatical function ; ; grammatical structure 语法结构gradable antonymy 分等级的反义关系gradual opposition 渐次对立grammatical category 语法范畴grammatical concept 语法概念grammatical description 语法描写grammatical form 语法形式grammatical marker 语法标记grammatical meaning 语法意义grammatical organization 语法组成grammatical pattern 语法类型grammatical process 语法过程grammatical rule 语法规则grammatical sentence pattern, GSP 语法句形grammatical structure 语法结构grammatical subject 语法主语grammatical system 语法系统grammatical word 语法词graphitic form 文字形式Gricean maxim Grice准则group 词组guttural 腭音Hhalf-rhyme 半韵hard palate 硬腭head 中心词中心成分headed construction 中心结构heptameter 七音步诗行hierarchical structure 等级结构hierarchical system 等级系统hierarchy 等级体系high 高(元音)historical linguistics 历史语言学holophrastic stage 单词句阶段homonym 同音/形异议词Hopi Hopi语horizontal relation 链状关系Horn scale 霍恩阶human cognitive system 人类认知系统human language 人类语言human speech 人类言语human translation 人译hypercorrection 矫枉过正hyponym 下义词hyponymy 下义关系hypothesis 假设hypothesis-deduction 假设-演绎Iiamb 抑扬格iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步诗行IC analysis 直接成分分析法ICALL (intelligent CALL) 智能计算机辅助语言学习ideational (function) 概念功能identifying 认同的idiom 成语习语idiomatically-governed 习语支配的ill-formed sentences 不合适的句子illocutionary act 话中行为施为性行为illocutionary force 言外作用施为作用imaginative (function) 想象功能immediacy assumption 即时假定immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析法imperative rule 祈使规则imperative 祈使语气命令的implicate 意含implication 蕴涵含义implication connective 蕴涵连接implicature 含义言外之意implied meaning 蕴涵意义implosive 内破裂音内爆音inanimate 无生命的inclusiveness relation 内包意义indefinite 不定的,无定的indicative 陈述式陈述语气indirect object 间接宾语indirct speech, IS 间接言语indirect thought, IT 间接思想Indo-European languages 印欧语言inference 推论推理inference drawing 推论inferential communication 推论交际infinitive不定式infix 中缀inflection 屈折(变化)inflectional affix 屈折词缀inflectional morphology 屈折形态学inflective endings 屈折结尾information retrieval 信息检索information structure 信息结构informative (function) 信息功能innateness 先天性innateness hypothesis (语法)天赋假设input 输入input hypothesis 语言输入说instrumental (function) 工具功能integrative test 综合性测试intensifier 强调成分intensive 强调的增强的interactional (function) 交互功能interdental 齿间音interface 界面interference 干扰interjection 感叹词interlanguage 中介语interlingua 国际语interlingual approach 语际法interlocutor 会话者internal evaluation 内部评估internal structure 内部结构international phonetic alphabet, IPA国际音标internet 互联网interpersonal 人际的interpersonal function 人际功能interpretation 解释interrogative sentence 疑问句intonation 语调intra-linguistic relation 语言内关系intransitive 不及物的intrinsic sources of error 错误的内源invariable word 不变词invention 新创词语inversion 倒置,倒装IPA chart 国际音标图IPS symbol 国际音标符号irony 讽刺反话isolated opposition 孤立对立Italian 意大利语JJapanese 日语jargon 黑话行语Jesperson, OttoJohnson & JohnsonJohnsonJones, DanielKkernel sentence 核心句keyword关键词knowledge 知识known information 已知信息KrashenKruszewski, MikolajKuno, SusumoLlabel 标示标记labial 唇音labiodental 唇齿音language 语言language acquisition device, LAD 语言习得机制language attitude 语言态度language choice 语言选择language comprehension 语言理解language data 语言素材language learning 语言学习language maintenance 语言维护language processing 语言处理language structure 语言结构language system 语言系统language teaching 语言教学language universal 语言普遍性language use 语言使用langue 语言(系统)larynx 喉头lateral 边音旁流音Latin 拉丁语Latin grammar 拉丁语法lax vowel 松元音length 长度音长letter 字母level 层,级,平面Levinson, Stephenlexeme 词位词素lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义lexical change 词汇变化lexical level 词汇层lexical meaning 词汇意义lexical morphology 词汇形态学lexical studies 词汇研究lexical word 词汇词lexicogrammar 词汇语法lexicon 词汇词典lexis 词liaison 连音连续limerick 打油诗line 诗行linear phonology 线性音系学linear structure 线形结构linguistic university 语言普遍性linguistic behaviour 语言行为linguistic behaviour potential 语言行为潜势linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic context 语言语境上下文linguistic data 语言素材linguistic description 语言描写linguistic determinism 语言决定论linguistic facts 语言事实linguistic relativity 语言相对性linguistic sexism 语言性别歧视linguistic structure 语言结构linguistic theory 语言理论linguistic unit 语言单位linguistic universal 语言普遍性linguistic variation 语言变异linguistics 语言学lip rounding 圆唇化literal language 本义语言literary stylistics 文学文体学loan translation 翻译借词loanblend 混合借词loanshift 转移借词loanword 借词local area networks, LAN 局域网locutionary act 发话行为,表述性言语行为logical component 逻辑成分logical connective 逻辑连词logical form component 逻辑式成分logical form representation 逻辑式表达logical formula 逻辑公式logical function 逻辑功能logical semantics 逻辑语义学logical structure 逻辑结构logical subject 逻辑主语logophoricity 词照应London School 伦敦学派long vowed 长元音loss of sound 语音脱落loudness 响度Mmachine translation 机器翻译macrolinguistics 宏观语言学macroproposition 宏观命题macrostructure 宏观结构main clause 主句Malinowski, Bronislawman-machine symbiosis 人机共生manner maxim 方式准则manner of articulation 发音方式marked 标记的masculine 阳性matalinguistic 元语言学的material (process) 物质过程mathematical principles 数学原理maxim 准则maximal onset principle 最大节首辅音原则meaning potential 意义潜势meaning shift 转移meaning 意义mental (processs) 思维过程心理过程mentalism 心灵主义message 信息metafunction 元功能metalinguistic 元语言的metaphor 隐喻metathesis 换位(作用)metonymy 换喻转喻metre 韵律metrical patterning 韵律格式microcomputer 微机microprocessor 微处理器mid 中(元音)mind 思维minimal attachment theory 最少接触理论minimal pair 最小对立体minimalist programminimum free form 最小自由形式mirror maxim 镜像准则mistake 错误modal subject 语气主语modal verb 情态动词modality 情态modern French 现代法语modification 修饰modifier 修饰语monomorphemic 单语素的monophonemic 单音位的monophthong 单元音monosyllabic 单音节的Motague grammar 蒙太古语法mood 语气morph 形素词素形式morpheme 语素词素形素morpheme-exchange error 词素交错误morphemic shape 词素形状morphemic structure 词素结构morphemic transcription 词素标音morphological change 形态变化morphological rule 形态规则morphology 形态学morpho-phonemic component 形态音位成分morphophonemics 形态音位学morphophonology 形态音系学morpho-syntactical change 形态句法变化mother tongue 母语本族语motivation 动因动机move (移动)MT 机器翻译MT quality 机译质量multilateral opposition 多边对立multi-level phonology 多层次音系学multilingualism 多语制多语现象Nnarratee 被叙述者narrator 叙述者narrator’s representation of speechacts, NRSA 言语行为的叙述者表达narrator’s representation of speech,NRS 言语的叙述者表达narrator’s representation of thoughtacts, NRTA 思维行为的叙述者表达narrator’s representation of thought,NRT 思维的叙述者表达narrow transcription 窄式音标narrowing 狭窄化nasal 鼻音nasal cavity 鼻腔nasal sound 鼻音nasal stop 鼻塞音nasal tract 鼻道nasality 鼻音性nasalization 鼻音化Nash, Walternative speaker 操本族语者natural language 自然语言naturalistic data 自然语料near-adult grammar 近成人语法negation 否定否定结构negative 否定的negative interference 负面干扰negative marker 否定标记negative transfer 负转移neogrammarian 新语法学家network 网络network computer 网络计算机neutralizable opposition 可中立对立new information 新信息new stylistics 新文体学node 节nominal group 名词词组nominalization 名词化nominative 主格non-authentic input 非真实语料的输入non-contrastive analysis 非对比性分析non-conventionality 非规约性non-detachability非可分离性non-linear phonology 非线性音系学non-linguistic entity 非语言实体non-pulmonic sound 非肺闭塞音non-reciprocal discourse 非交替性语篇non-reflexive pronoun 非反身代词nonsense word stage 无意义词语阶段nonverbal cues 非言语提示norm 规范notation system 标写系统notion 意念notional-functional syllabus 意念功能教学大纲noun phrase 名词短语noun 名词number system 数字系统number 数字Oobject 宾语object-deletion 宾语省略objective case 宾格objectivity 客观性obligatory 强制性observational adequacy 观察充分性abstruction 阻塞OCR scanner 光学字符阅读器扫描仪octametre 八音步诗行Old English 古英语one-place predicate 一位谓语on-line translation 在线翻译onomatopoeia 拟声词onset 节首辅音open class 开放类open syllable 开音节operational system 操作系统operative 可操作性operator 操作词oppositeness relation 对立关系opposition 对立optimal relevance 最适宜关联option 选择optional 可选择的oral cavity 口腔oral stop 口阻塞音ordinal numeral 序数词origin of language 语言起源orthography 正字法ostensive communication 直示交际output 产出overgeneralization 过分法则化Ppalatal 腭音舌面中音palatal-alveolar 腭齿龈音palatalization (硬)腭化paradigm 聚合体paradigmatic relation 聚合关系paraphrase 释义意译parole 言语part of speech 词类participant 参与者particle 小品词语助词particular grammar 特定语的语法partitive 部分的部分格passive transformation 被动转换passive (voice) 被动语态pattern drill technique 句型操练法pattern 模式patterning 制定模式pause 停顿peak (节)峰perceptual span 感知时距perfectionism 完善主义perfective 完成体performance test 语言运用测试performance 语言运用performative (verb) 行事性动词perlocutionary act 话后行为perseverative coarticulation 重复性协同发音person 人称personal (function) 自指性功能pharyngeal 咽头音喉音pharynx 喉头phatic (communion) 寒暄交谈交感性谈话phone 音素音子phonematic unit 音声单位phoneme 音位phonetic alphabet 音标phonetic form component 语音形式部分phonetic similarity 语音相似性phonetic symbol 语音符号phonetic transcription 标音(法)phonetics 语音学phonological analysis 音位分析phonological component 音位部分phonological level 音系层phonological process 音位过程phonological representation 音位表达phonological rule 音位规则phonological structure 音位结构phonological system 音位系统phonological variant 音位变体phonology 音系学phrasal verb 短语动词phrase 短语phrase structure 短语结构phrase structure grammar 短语结构语法phrase structure rule, PS rule 短语结构规则pidgin 皮软语洋泾滨语不纯正外语Pitch 音高声调高低place of articulation 发音部位play 剧本plosion 爆破plosive 爆破音爆发音plural 复数pluralism 多元主义plurality 复数形式poetic (function) 诗学功能poetry 诗歌polymorphemic (word) 多语素词polysyllabic 多音节(词)polysystemic analysis 多系统分析Portugese 葡萄牙语positive transfer 正移转possessive 所有的属有的possible grammar 可能语言的语法postalveolar 后齿龈音post-Bloomfieldian linguistics 后布龙菲尔德语言学postdeterminer 后限定词post-structuralist view 后结构主义观点pragmatic inference 语用推论pragmatic roles 语用角色pragmatics 语用学Prague School 布拉格学派predeterminer 前限定词predicate calculus 谓语演算predicate logic 谓语逻辑predicate 谓语predicator 谓语(动)词predictive validity 预测效度pre-editing 预先编辑译前加工prefix 前缀pre-modified input 预修正的输入premodifier 前修饰语preposition 介词prepositional calculus 介词演算prepositional logic 介词逻辑prepositional opposition 介词对立prepositional phrase 介词短语prescriptive 规定式presupposition 前提预设primary cardinal vowel 主要基本元音primary stress 主重音第一重音principle of informativeness 信息性原则principle of least effort 最省力原则principle of quantity 数量原则privative opposition 表非对立表缺对立process 过程production error 产生性错误productivity 多产性proficiency test 水平测试pro-form 代词形式替代形式programming language 编程语言progressive 进行体progressive assimilation 顺同化projection rule 投射规则pronominal 代词pronoun 代词pronunciation 发音pronunciation dictionary 发音词典pronunciation 发音proportional opposition 部分对立proposition 命题prose style 散文风格prosodic analysis 节律分析超音质分析psycholinguistics 心理语言学psycholinguistic-sociolinguistic approach 心理-社会语言学方法psychological reality 心理现实psychological subject 心理主语psychology of language 语言心理学psychometric-structuralist approach 心理测定-结构主义法pulmonic sound 肺闭塞音Putonghua 普通话QQ-based implicature 基于质量的含义Q-principle 质量原则quality 质量quality maxim 质量准则quantifier 数量词quantitative analysis 定量分析quantitative paradigm 数量变化表quantity maxim 数量准则quatrain 四行诗Rrange 范围rank 级rationalism 理性主义raw data 原始素材R-based implicature 基于关联的涵义reader 读者reading comprehension 阅读理解realisation 体现recall 回忆received pronunciation, RP 标准发音receiver 受话者信息接受者recency effect 近期效应recognition 识别recursion 可溯recursive 可溯的还原的recursiveness 递归性reference 所指参照referential meaning 所指意义referential theory 所指理论referential 所指的reflected meaning 反映意义reflexive (form) 反身形式regional dialect 地域方言register 语域regressive assimilation 逆同化regulatory (function) 控制性语言功能relation maxim 关系准则relational opposite 关系对立relational process 关系过程relative clause 关系分句关系从句relative pronoun 关系代词relative uninterruptibility 相对的非间断性relevance theory 关联理论reliability 信度repetition 重复representational system 表达系统representational 表达实体residue 剩余成分restricted language 限制性语言retrieval process 检索过程retrieval system 检索系统retroflex sound 卷舌音reverse rhyme 反陨revised extended standard theory,REST 修正扩展标准理论rewriting rules 重写规则rheme 述位rhetorical skill 修辞技能rhyme 韵韵角压韵rhythm 韵律节奏Roman alphabet letter 罗马字母root 词根root morpheme 词根语素round vowel 圆元音R-principle 关联原则rule system 规则系统rule-based approaches 基于规则的方法rules of language 语言规则Ssameness relation 相同关系Sanskrit 梵文Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis 萨丕尔-沃夫假设Saussure 索绪尔scale of delicacy 精密阶schema 图式scheme-oriented language 面向图式的语言second language acquisition 第二语言习得secondary cardinal vowel 次要基本元音secondary stress 次重音segment 音段selection restriction 选择限制selectional rules 选择规则self-reflexive 自反身semantic association network 语义关联网络semantic change 语义变化semantic component 语义部分semantic feature 特征semantic interpretation 语义解释semantic interpretative rules 语义解释规则semantic process 语义过程semantic representation 语义表达semantic sentence pattern, SSP 语义句型semantic triangle 语义三角semantics 语义学semi-consonant 半辅音semiotic system 符号系统semiotics 符号学semi-vowel 半元音sense relation 意义关系sense 意义sentence 句子sentence fragments 句子成分sentence meaning 句义sentence memory 句子记忆sentence stress 句重音sentence structure 句子结构sentential calculus 句子演算setting 场景sibilant 咝擦音sign 符号signified 所指受指signifier 能指施指simile 明喻simultaneity 同时性singular 单数situational context 情景语境situational level 情景层situational syllabus 情景教学大纲situational variation 情景变异slot 空缺social role 社会角色social semiotic 社会符号学socio-cultural role 社会文化角色sociolinguistic study of language 语言的社会语言学研究sociolinguistic study of society 社会的社会语言学研究sociolinguistics 社会语言学sociological approach 社会学方法soft palate 软腭solidarity 团结sonnet 十四行诗sonorant 响音sonority scale 响音阶sound 语音sound image 语音图像sound pattern 语音模式sound segment 音段sound system 语音系统sound wave 音波speaker’s meaning 说话者意义speech 言语speech act theory 言语行为理论speech community 言语社团speech comprehension 言语理解speech event 言语事件speech function 言语功能speech mode 言语方式speech organ 言语器官speech perception 言语感知speech presentation言语表达speech production ; 言语产生speech research言语研究speech role言语角色speech sound 语音speech synthesis 言语合成spelling 拼写,拼法split infinitives 分裂的不定式spoken corpus 口语语料库spoken language translation 口语翻译spondee 扬扬格spoonerism 首音互换斯本内现象spread 展元音S-structure 表层结构stability 稳定性stability reliability 稳定性效度Standard English 标准英语standard theory 标准理论standardization 标准化statistical analysis 统计分析status 地位stem 词干stimulus 刺激stimulus-response 刺激反应stop 闭塞音stored knowledge 储存知识strategic knowledge 学习策略知识stratification 层stream of consciousness 意识流stress pattern 重音模式stress 重音structural analysis 结构分析structural (structuralist) grammar 结构语法structural syllabus 结构教学大纲structural test 结构测试structuralism 结构主义structuralist linguistics 结构主义语言学structuralist view 结构主义观点style 文体风格stylistic analysis 文体分析stylistics 文体学subcategorize 次范畴subject 主语subject-deletion 主语省略subjective test 主观性测试subjectivity 主观性subjunctive mood 虚拟语气subordinate construction 从属结构subordination 从属substitutability 替代性substitution 替换suffix 后缀superlative degree 最高级superordinate 上坐标词suprasegmental feature超语段特征surface form 表层形式surface representation 表层表达surface structure 表层结构syllabic structure 音节结构syllabification 音节划节syllable 音节syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus 教学大纲syllogism 三段论法symbol 符号synchronic (linguistics) 共时(语言学)synonym 同义词synonymous 同义的synonymy 同义现象syntactic component 句法部分syntactic features 句法特征syntactic function 句法功能syntactic marker 句法标记syntactic process 句法过程syntactic restriction 句法限制syntactic structure 句法结构syntactical change 变化syntagmatic relation 组合关系syntax 句法system network 系统网络system of signs 符号系统system of systems 系统的系统systemic(grammar) 系统语法systemic-functional Grammar, SFG 系统功能语法Ttacit knowledge 默契的知识tagmeme 法位tagmemics 法位学tap 一次接触音target language 目标语言tautology 同义反复冗辞template 模块tense vowel 紧元音tense 时态test content 测试内容test form 测试形式testee 受试者testing 测试test-retest reliability 一测再测信度tetrameter 四音步诗行text 语篇text comprehension 语篇理解text encoding 语篇编码text interpretation 语篇解释text style 语篇风格textual organization 语篇组织textual 语篇功能theme 主位theoretical linguistics 理论语言学third-person narrator 第三人称叙述者thought presentation 思想表达three-place predicate 三位谓语tone 声调音调tongue height 舌高tongue position 舌位tongue tip 舌尖topic 主题trace theory 轨迹论traditional grammar 传统语法transcribed 标音transcription 音标标音transfer 移转transfer approach 移转法transformation 转换transformation of interrogation 疑问转换transformational component 转换部分、transformational grammar 转换语法transformational process 转换过程transformational rule 转换规则transformational-generative grammar, TG grammar 转换生成语法transitivity 及物性translation 翻译tree diagram 树形图trill 颤音trochee 抑扬格长短格trope 转喻隐喻truth condition 真值条件truth value 真值tu/vous distinction 你/您区别turn length 话语轮次长度turn quantity 话语轮次数量turn-taking 依次发言two-place predicate 二位谓语two-word utterance 二词话语typology 类型学UUnaspirated 不松气的underlying form 底层形式underlying representation 底层表达uninterruptibility 非中断性universal grammar, UG 普遍语法universal quantifier 普遍限量词universal 普遍现象universality 普遍性universals of language 语言的普遍现象unmarked 未标记的unrounded vowel 非圆元音urban dialectology 都市方言学user 用户user-friendly 方便用户的utterance meaning 语句意义utterance 语句uvula 小舌uvular 小舌音Vvalidity 效度variable 可变化的variable word 可变化词variation变异variety 变体语体velar 软腭音velarization 腭音化velum 软口盖verb 动词verb phrase 动词短语verbal communication 言语交际verbal process 言语过程verbiage 言辞vernacular language education 本地化教育vertical relation 选择关系vocabulary 词汇vocal cord 声带vocal organ 发音器官vocal tract 声道vocative 呼格voice 语态voiced consonant 浊辅音voiced obstruent 浊塞音voiced (sound) 浊音voiceless consonant 清辅音voiceless obstruent 清塞音voiceless (sound) 清音voicing 浊音化,有声化vowel glide 元音音渡vowel 元音Wweb page 网页Wh-interrogative 特殊疑问句women register 女性语域word 词word class 词类word formation 词语形成word group 词组word meaning 词义word order 词序word recognition 词语识别word formation 词语形成word-for-word 逐词翻译wording 措辞working memory system 工作记忆系统writing 文字writing system 文字系统written language 书面语written text 篇章XX-bar Theory X-bar理论Yyes/no interrogative 是非问句yes/no question 是非问句Zzero form 零形式。

语言学中英术语对照

语言学中英术语对照

语言学中英术语对照GlossaryandIndex Aabbreviation缩写词,略语Abercrombieablative夺格,离格abstractness抽象性accent重音(符)accuracy正确性accusative宾格achievementtest成绩测试acousticphonetics声学语音学acquisition习得acronym缩略语actionprocess动作过程actor动作者addition添加addressform称呼形式addressee受话人addresser发话人adjective形容词adjunct修饰成分;附加语adverb副词affix词缀affixhopping词缀跳跃affixation词缀附加法affricate塞擦音agreement一致关系airstream气流alliteration头韵allomorph词/语素变体allophone音位变体allophonicvariation音位变体allophony音位变体现象alveolarridge齿龈alveolar齿龈音ambiguity歧义ambiguous歧义的Americandescriptivelinguistics美国描写语言学AmericanEnglish美式英语AmericanIndianlanguages美国印第安族诸语言Americanstructuralism美国结构主义analogicalcreation类推造字anapest抑抑扬格anaphor前指替代anaphoricreference前指照应Anderson Animalcommunicationsystem动物交际系统animate有生命的annotation注解antecedent先行词;前在词anthropological人类学的anthropologicallinguistics人类语言学anticipatorycoarticulation逆化协同发音antonomasia换称;代类名antonym反义词antonymy反义(关系)appellative称谓性appliedlinguistics应用语言学appliedsociolinguistics应用社会语言学appropriacy适宜性appropriateness适宜性;得体性approximant无摩擦延续音Apteaptitudetest素质测试Arabic阿拉伯语arbitrariness任意性argument中项;中词;主目article冠词articulation发音articulator发音器官articulatoryphonetics发音语音学artificialspeech人工言语aspect体aspirated吐气;送气assimilation同化associative联想associativemeaning联想意义assonance准压韵;半谐音Atkinson,A.M.attributive属性;修饰语;定语auditoryphonetics听觉语音学Austin,JohnLangshawauthenticinput真实投入authorialstyle权威风格authoringprogram编程autonomy自主性auxiliary助词盪血里赵uJSi|enSui|!q互库@赵uoijisoddo|ejaje|iq昙leseu|eiqe|iq昙国赵leiqenqX王弘马lusunoiAeqaq葩耳¥马ssaDOjd|ejnolAeqaq jaAe M^q 切皋吧晋JuouodiuoDasequoijeujJo^DeqaSejsSui|qqeqaq」“人」ei|ixne binarydivision二分法binaryfeature二分特征binarytaxonomy二分分类学binding制约bindingtheory制约论BlackEnglish黑人英语blade舌叶;舌面前部blankverse无韵诗blending混成法borrowing借用;借词boundmorpheme粘着语素boundingtheory管辖论bracketing括号法brevitymaxim简洁准则bridging架接BritishEnglish英式英语broadtranscription宽式音标broadening词义扩大Browncorpus布朗语料库calculability可计算性calque仿造;仿造词语cancellability可删除cardinalnumeral基数cardinalvowel基本元音case格casegrammar格语法casetheory格理论category范畴categoricalcomponent范畴成分causative使役的;使投动词CD-I,compactdisk-interactive交互式激光视盘center中心词centraldeterminer中心限定词chainrelation链状关系chainsystem链状系统Chinese汉语choice选择choicesystem选择系统circumstance环境因子class词类classshift词性变换clause小句;从句click吸气音;咂音clipping截断法closedclass封闭类closedsyllable闭音节cluster音丛coarticulation协同发音coda结尾音节;符尾code语码;信码cognitivepsycholinguistics认知心理语言学cognitivepsychology认知心理学cognitivesystem认知系统coherence相关;关联cohension衔接co-hyponym同下义词colligation类连结collocativemeaning搭配意义colorword色彩词colorwordsystem色彩词系统command指令commoncore共核commonnoun普通名词communication交际communicativecompetence交际能力communicativedynamism,CD交际性动力communicativelanguageteaching,CLT交际语言教学法communicativeSentencePattern,CSP交际性句子模式communicativesyllabus交际教学大纲communicativetest交际性测试communicative-grammaticalapproach交际-语法教学法compactdisk激光盘COMPACTDISD-READONLYMEMORY,CD-ROM激光视盘comparativedegree比较级competence能力complement补语complementaryantonym互补反义词complementaryantonymy互补反义关系complementarydistribution互补分布complexpredicate复合谓语component成分componentialanalysis成分分析compositeproposition复合命题compositionality复合性compound复合词;复合句comprehension理解computation计算computationallinguistics计算语言学computationalsystem计算系统computer计算机;电脑computer-assistedlearning,CAL计算机辅助学习computercorpus计算机语料库computerhardware计算机硬件computerliteracy计算机操作能力computernetworks计算机网络computersystem计算机系统computer-assistedinstruction,CAI计算机辅助教学computer-assistedlearning,CALL计算机辅助语言学习conative意动的concept概念conceptualmeaning概念意concord一致(关系)concordance共现关系concretenoun具体名词concurrent同时发生的conjugation词形变化conjunct连接副词conjunction连接词conjunctionbuttressing连接词支撑connotation内涵consequent跟随成分consonance辅音韵consonant辅音constantopposition不变对立constative表述的constituentcommand成分指令constituentproposition成分命题constituentstructureanalysis成分结构分析constituent成分construct编制constructvalidity编制效度construction构建constructivism构建主义contact接触contentanalysis内容分析contentvalidity内容效度contentword实义词contextdependent语境依赖的contextofsituation情景语境context语境contextualanalyses语境分析contextualmeaning语境意义contrastiveanalysis对比分析controltheory控制理论controlledlanguage有控制的语言convention常规;规约conventionalmeaning常规意义;规约意义conventionality常规性;规约性conversationalimplicature会话含义conversationalmaxim会话准则converseantonymy相反反义现象conversion变换cooperativeprinciple,CP合作原则coordinateconstruction并列结构coordination并列Cordercoreferential互参的coronal舌面前音corpus(pl.corpora)语料;素材corpusdata语料库语料corpuslinguistics语料库语言学context上下文countable可数(名词) counterfactualproposition反事实命题couplet对句;对联creativity创造性;原创性Creole克里澳尔语;混和语cross-cultural跨文化cross-culturalcommunication跨文化交际cross-linguistic跨语言的culture文化culturally-specific文化特异的curriculum教学大纲customizing定制的Ddactyl扬抑抑格Danilanguage达尼语dataretrieval,DR资料检索database数据库dative(case)与格dativemovement与格移动declarative陈述句decoding解码deductive演绎的deepstructure深层结构defeasibility消除可行性definite有定的degeneratedata无用的语料deixis指称delicacy精密阶denotation外延;指称dental齿音dentalization齿音化derivation衍生derivationalaffix.衍生词汇derivationalmorphology派生形态学description描写descriptiveadequacy描写充分性descriptivelinguistics描写语言学designfeature结构特征determiner限定词developinggrammar发展语法deviant变体deviation偏离;变异devoicing清音化diachroniclinguistics历时语言学diachronic历时的diacritic附加符号;变音符diagnostictest诊断性测试dialect方言dialectology方言学dialogue对话dictionary词典digitizedsound数字化语音dimetre二音步诗行diphthong二合元音;双元音directobject直接宾语directspeech,DS直接言语directthought,DT直接思想directionality方向性discourse语篇;话语discourseanalysis语篇分析;话语分析discourseinterpretation语篇理解discrete分离的;离散的discrete-pointgrammar离散语法discretepointtest分立性测试disjunction分离关系displacement移位dissimilation异化(作用)distinctivefeature区别性特征distinguisher辩义成分distribution分布do-insertionruledo添加规则domain范围;领域dorsal舌背音;舌中音dorsum舌背(音)doublecomparative双重比较download下载drama戏剧drill-and-practicesoftware操练软件D-structureD结构dual双数dualisticview二分观点duality二重性economy经济性;简洁性earlyModernEnglish早期现代英语ejective爆发音electronicmail电子邮件ElizabethanEnglish伊利莎白时期英语ellipsis省略(法)ellipticalsentencestructure省略句子结构embeddedelement嵌入成分emic位学的emotive感情的emphasis强调empiricaldata经验主义的语料empirical经验主义的empiricalvalidity经验效度empiricism经验主义emptycategory,EC空范畴enablingskills使成技能化encoding编码endrhyme末端韵endocentricconstruction内向结构entailment蕴涵entrycondition入列条件epenthesis插音;增音equipollentopposition均等对立equivalence相等equivalencereliability相等信度erroranalysis错误分析EST科技英语ethnicityidentity民族认同ethnographyofcommunication交际民族学etic非位的;素的evaluation评估eventprocess事件过程example-basedmachinetranslation基于例句的机器翻译exchangeerror交换错误exchangesequence交际序列exchangestructure交际结构exhaustive穷尽的;彻底的existent存在物existential存在句existentialprocess存在过程existentialquantifier存在数量词exocentric外向的exocentricconstruction外向结构experiential经验的experientialfunction经验功能experimentalpsycholinguistics实验心理语言学explanatoryadequacy解释充分性explicitgrammarinstruction,EGI明显的语法教学法expressionminimization表达最底程度expressive表达的extendedstandardtheory,EST扩展标准理论extensive引申的;扩展的extent-conditionformat程度条件格式externalevaluation外部评估externalqualifier外部修饰语extrinsicsourcesoferror外在的错误来源eyemovement眼部移动。

语言学术语英汉对照对照

语言学术语英汉对照对照
易得性,易想及性
back vowel
后元音
back-formation
逆构词法
bilabial
双唇音
bilingualism
双语(现象)
blending
拼缀法
borrowing
借用
bound morpheme
黏着词素
broad transcription
宽式标音
case

case condition
英汉术语对照
acoustic phonetics
声学语音学
acronym
首字母缩略词
acronymization
首字母缩略法
adjacency condition
毗邻条件
adjacency parameter
毗邻参数
adj-movement
形容词移位
affective meaning
情感意义
affix
词缀
affixation
词缀法
Afro-asiatic Family
亚非语系,闪含语系
agglutinative language
粘着语
allomorph
语素变体
allophone
音位变体
ambiguity
歧义(多义性)
arbitrariness
任意性
articulatory phonetics
发音语音学
成事性言语行为
person
人称
person deictics
人称指示词
pharyngeal cavity
咽腔
phone
音素
phoneme
音素
phoneme

语言学术语英汉对照

语言学术语英汉对照

语言学术语英汉对照——考@翻译硕士唯一认准@鬼谷一喵第一章phonology音系学grammar语法学morphology形态学syntax句法学lexicology词汇学general linguistics普通语言学theoretical linguistics理论语言学historical linguistics历史语言学descriptive linguistics描写语言学empirical linguistics经验语言学dialectology方言学anthropology人类学stylistics文体学signifier能指signified所指morphs形素morphotactics语素结构学/形态配列学syntactic categories句法范畴syntactic classes句法类别序列sub-structure低层结构super-structure上层结构open syllable开音节closed syllable闭音节checked syllable成阻音节rank 等级level层次ding-dong theory/nativistic theory本能论sing-song theory唱歌说yo-he-ho theory劳动喊声说pooh-pooh theory感叹说ta-ta theory模仿说animal cry theory/bow-wow theory模声说Prague school布拉格学派Bilateral opposition双边对立Mutilateral opposition多边对立Proportional opposition部分对立Isolated opposition孤立对立Private opposition表缺对立Graded opposition渐次对立Equipollent opposition均等对立Neutralizable opposition可中立对立Constant opposition恒定对立Systemic-functional grammar系统功能语法Meaning potential意义潜势Conversational implicature会话含义Deictics指示词Presupposition预设Speech acts言语行为Discourse analysis话语分析Contetualism语境论Phatic communion寒暄交谈Metalanguage原语言Applied linguistics应用语言学Nominalism唯名学派Psychosomatics身学第二章trachea/windpipe气管tip舌尖blade舌叶/舌面front舌前部center舌中部top舌顶back舌后部dorsum舌背root舌跟pharynx喉/咽腔laryngeals喉音laryngealization喉化音vocal cords声带vocal tract声腔initiator启动部分pulmonic airstream mechanism肺气流机制glottalic airstream mechanism喉气流机制velaric airstream mechanism腭气流机制Adam’s apple喉结Voiceless sound清音Voiceless consonant请辅音Voiced sound浊音Voiced consonant浊辅音Glottal stop喉塞音Breath state呼吸状态Voice state带音状态Whisper state耳语状态Closed state封闭状态Alveolar ride齿龈隆骨Dorsum舌背Ejective呼气音Glottalised stop喉塞音Impossive内爆破音Click/ingressive吸气音Segmental phonology音段音系学Segmental phonemes音段音位Suprasegmental超音段Non-segmental非音段Plurisegmental复音段Synthetic language综合型语言Diacritic mark附加符号Broad transcription宽式标音Narrow transcription窄式标音Orthoepy正音法Orthography正字法Etymology词源Active articulator积极发音器官Movable speech organ能动发音器官Passive articulator消极发音器官Immovable speech organ不能动发音器官Lateral边音Approximant [j,w]无摩擦延续音Resonant共鸣音Central approximant中央无摩擦延续音Lateral approximant边无摩擦延续音Unilateral consonant单边辅音Bilateral consonant双边辅音Non-lateral非边音Trill [r]颤音 trilled consonant颤辅音rolled consonant滚辅音Labal-velar唇化软腭音Interdental齿间音Post-dental后齿音Apico-alveolar舌尖齿龈音Dorso-alveolar舌背齿龈音Palato-alveolar后齿龈音Palato-alveolar腭齿龈音Dorso-palatal舌背腭音Pre-palatal前腭音Post-palatal后腭音Velarization软腭音化Voicing浊音化Devoicing清音化Pure vowel纯元音Diphthong二合元音Triphthong三合元音Diphthongization二合元音化Monophthongization单元音化Centring diphthong央二合元音Closing diphthong闭二合元音Narrow diphthong窄二合元音Wide diphthong宽二合元音Phonetic similarity语音相似性Free variant自由变体Free variation自由变异Contiguous assimilation临近同化Juxtapostional assimilation邻接同化Regressive assimilation逆同化Anticipatory assimilation先行同化Progressive assimilation顺同化Reciprocal assimilation互相同化Coalescent assimilation融合同化Partial assimilation部分同化Epenthesis插音Primary stress主重音Secondary stress次重音Weak stress弱重音Stress group重音群Sentence stress句子重音Contrastive stress对比重音Lexical stress词汇重音Word stress词重音Lexical tone词汇声调Nuclear tone核心声调Tonetics声调学Intonation contour语调升降曲线Tone units声调单位Intonology语调学Multilevel phonology多层次音系学Monosyllabic word多音节词Polysyllabic word单音节次Maximal onset principle最大节首辅音原则第三章词汇liaison连音contracted form缩写形式frequency count词频统计a unit of vocabulary词汇单位a lexical item词条a lexeme词位hierarchy层次性lexicogrammar词汇语法morpheme语素nonomorphemic words单语素词polymorphemic words多语素词relative uninterruptibility相对连续性a minimum free form最小自由形式the maximum free form最大自由形式variable words 可变词invariable words不变词paradigm聚合体grammatical words(function words)语法词/功能词lexical words(content words)词汇词/实义词closed-class words封闭类词opened-class words开放类词word class词类particles小品词pro-form代词形式pro-adjective(so)代形容词pro-verb(do/did)代副词pro-adverb(so)代动词pro-locative(there)代处所词/代方位词determiners限定词predeterminers前置限定词central determiners中置限定词post determiners后置限定词ordinal number序数词cardinal number基数词morpheme词素morphology形态学free morpheme自由词素bound morpheme黏着词素root词根affix词缀stem词干root morpheme词根语素prefix前缀infix中缀suffix后缀bound root morpheme黏着词根词素inflectional affix屈折词缀derivational affix派生词缀inflectional morphemes屈折语素derivational morphemes派生语素word-formation构词compound复合词endocentric compound向心复合词exocentric compound离心复合词nominal endocentric compound名词性向心复合词adjective endocentric compound形容词性向心复合词verbal compound动词性复合词synthetic compound综合性复合词derivation派生词morpheme语素phoneme音位morphonology形态语音学morphophomemics形态音位学morphemic structure语素结构phonological structure音素结构monosyllabic单音节polysyllabic多音节phonological conditioned音位的限制morphological conditioned形态的限制coinage/invention新创词语blending混成法abbreviation缩写法acronym首字母缩写法back-formation逆序造次/逆构词法analogical creation类比构词法borrowing借词法loanword借词loanblend混合借词loanshift转移借词loan translation翻译借词loss脱落addition添加metathesis换位assimilation同化contact assimilation接触性同化contiguous assimilation临近性同化theory of least effort省力理论non- contiguous assimilation非临近性同化distant assimilation远距离同化morpho-syntactic change形态-句法变化morphological change形态变化syntactical change句法变化finite element有定成分semantic change语义变化multisemous多种意义broadening词义扩大narrowing词义缩小meaning shift词义转移class shift词性变换folk etymology俗词源orthographic change拼写的变化conversion变换/变码domain范围/领域meaning shift意义转移split infinitives分裂不定式(She was told to regularly classes)calque仿造词语clipping截断法metanalysis再分化finiteness定式proximate(this)近指代词obviative(that)远指代词non-productivity/unproductive非多产性semiotics符号学paradigmatic relations聚合关系associative relations联想关系syntagmatic relations组合关系sequential relations序列关系logogram语标register语域passive vocabulary消极词汇lexis/vocabulary词汇表第四章句法number数gender性case格nominative主格vocative呼格accusative兵格genitive属格dative与格ablative离格tense 时aspect体perfective完成体imperfective未完成体concord/agreement一致关系/协同关系government支配关系the governor支配者the governed被支配者signified能指signifier所指syntagmatic relationship组合关系paradigmatic relationship聚合关系associative relationship联想关系animate noun有生名词the two axes两根坐标坐标轴immediate constituent analysis(IC analysis for short)直接成分分析法linear structure线性结构hierarchical structure层级结构construction结构体constituent成分substituability替换性labeled tree diagram标签树形图endocentric/headed construction向心结构/中心结构exocentric construction离心结构subordinate construction主从结构coordinate construction并列结构recapitulation再现the declarative陈述句the interrogative疑问句dative movement与格移位morph-phonemic rule形态音位规则constituent morphemes成分规则affix hopping词缀越位nominalization名物化object-deletion宾语删除subject-deletion主语删除categories语类lexicon词库temporal subject表时间的主语syntactic limitation句法限制standard theory标准理论trace theory语迹理论the same index带同标志government管辖binding约束a rule system规则系统a principle system原则系统constituent command(C-command for short)成分统制plain English普通英语anaphor照应语pronominal指代语r-expression(referential-expression)指称语INFL(inflection)形态变化reciprocals(each other)相互代词accessible subject可及主语local domain局部语域binding domain约束语域logophoricity主人公视角CS(computational system)计算系统Merger合并move移动theme主位rheme述位empty subject空主语objective order客观顺序subjective order主观顺序actual sentence division实义句子切分法functional sentence perspective 功能句子观communicative dynamism (CD)交际动力bipartition二分法tripartite classification三分法representative function表达功能expressive function表情功能appellative/vocative function称呼功能conative function意欲功能poetic function诗学功能ideational function概念功能interpersonal function人际功能textual function语篇功能transitivity及物性actor动作者mood system语气系统the finite verbal operator限定部分residue剩余部分indicative直陈语气imperative祈使语气mental-process(a process of sensing)心理过程(感觉过程)relational process(a process of being)关系过程(属性过程)verbal process(a process of saying)言语过程(讲话过程)existential process生存过程第四章句法number数gender性case格nominative主格vocative呼格accusative兵格genitive属格dative与格ablative离格tense 时aspect体perfective完成体imperfective未完成体concord/agreement一致关系/协同关系government支配关系the governor支配者the governed被支配者signified能指signifier所指syntagmatic relationship组合关系paradigmatic relationship聚合关系associative relationship联想关系animate noun有生名词the two axes两根坐标坐标轴immediate constituent analysis(IC analysis for short)直接成分分析法linear structure线性结构hierarchical structure层级结构construction结构体constituent成分substituability替换性labeled tree diagram标签树形图endocentric/headed construction向心结构/中心结构exocentric construction离心结构subordinate construction主从结构coordinate construction并列结构recapitulation再现the declarative陈述句the interrogative疑问句dative movement与格移位morph-phonemic rule形态音位规则constituent morphemes成分规则affix hopping词缀越位nominalization名物化object-deletion宾语删除subject-deletion主语删除categories语类lexicon词库temporal subject表时间的主语syntactic limitation句法限制standard theory标准理论trace theory语迹理论the same index带同标志government管辖binding约束a rule system规则系统a principle system原则系统constituent command(C-command for short)成分统制plain English普通英语anaphor照应语pronominal指代语r-expression(referential-expression)指称语INFL(inflection)形态变化reciprocals(each other)相互代词accessible subject可及主语local domain局部语域binding domain约束语域logophoricity主人公视角CS(computational system)计算系统=derivational procedure推导系统Merger合并move移动theme主位rheme述位empty subject空主语objective order客观顺序subjective order主观顺序actual sentence division实义句子切分法functional sentence perspective 功能句子观communicative dynamism (CD)交际动力bipartition二分法tripartite classification三分法representative function表达功能expressive function表情功能。

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版语言学术语(英-汉对照)表applied linguistics 应用语言学blending 混成法A applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语borrowing 借用借词abbreviation 缩写词,略语言学bound morpheme 粘着语素ablative 夺格,离格appropriacy 适宜性bounding theory 管辖论accent 重音(符)appropriateness 适宜性得体性bracketing 括号法accusative 宾格approximant 无摩擦延续音brevity maxim 简洁准则achievement test 成绩测试aptitude test 素质测试bridging 架接acoustic phonetics 声学语音学Arabic 阿拉伯语broad transcription 宽式音标acquisition 习得arbitrariness 任意性broadening 词义扩大acronym 缩略语argument 中项中词主目Brown corpus 布朗语料库action process 动作过程article 冠词 Cactor 动作者articulation 发音calculability 可计算性address form 称呼形式articulator 发音器官calque 仿造仿造词语addressee 受话人articulatory phonetics 发音语音学cancellability 可删除addresser 发话人artificial speech 人工言语cardinal numeral 基数adjective 形容词aspect 体cardinal vowel 基本元音adjunct 修饰成分附加语aspirated 吐气送气case 格adverb 副词assimilation 同化case grammar 格语法affix 词缀associative 联想case theory 格理论affixation 词缀附加法associative meaning 联想意义category 范畴affricate 塞擦音assonance 准压韵半谐音categorical component 范畴成分agreement 一致关系attributive 属性修饰语定语causative 使役的使投动词airstream 气流auditory phonetics 听觉语音学center 中心词alliteration 头韵authentic input 真实投入central determiner 中心限定词allomorph 词/ 语素变体authorial style 权威风格chain relation 链状关系allophone 音位变体authoring program 编程chain system 链状系统allophonic variation 音位变体autonomy 自主性choice 选择allophony 音位变体现象auxiliary 助词choice system 选择系统alveolar ridge 齿龈auxiliary verb 助动词circumstance 环境因子alveolar 齿龈音 B class 词类ambiguity 歧义babbling stage 婴儿语阶段class shift 词性变换analogical creation 类推造字back-formation 逆构词法clause 小句从句anapest 抑抑扬格base component 基础部分click 吸气音咂音anaphor 前指替代behavioural process 行为过程clipping 截断法anaphoric reference 前指照应behaviourism 行为主义closed class 封闭类animate 有生命的bilabial 双唇音closed syllable 闭音节annotation 注解bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音cluster 音丛antecedent 先行词前在词bilateral opposition 双边对立coarticulation 协同发音anthropological linguistics 人类语bilingualism 双语现象coda 结尾音节符尾学binary division 二分法code 语码信码anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同binary feature 二分特征cognitive psychology 认知心理学//X -^7- 发音binary taxonomy 二分分类学cognitive system 认知系统antonomasia 换称代类名binding 制约coherence 相关关联antonym 反义词binding theory 制约论cohension 衔接antonymy 反义(关系)blade 舌叶舌面前部co-hyponym 同下义词appellative 称谓性blank verse 无韵诗colligation 类连结collocative meaning 搭配意义 color word 色彩词 color word system 色彩词系统command 指令common core 共核common noun 普通名词communication 交际 communicative competence 交际能力communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲communicative test 交际性测试communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法compact disk 激光盘 comparative degree 比较级competence 能力complement 补语complementary antonym 互补反义词complementary antonymy 互补反义关系complementary distribution 互补分布complex predicate 复合谓语component 成分componential analysis 成分分析 composite proposition 复合命题compositionality 复合性 compound 复合词复合句 comprehension 理解computation 计算computational linguistics 计算语言学computational system 计算系统computer-assisted learning, CAL 计算机辅助学习computer corpus 计算机语料库computer hardware 计算机硬件 computer literacy 计算机操作能力 computer networks 计算机网络computer system 计算机系统computer-assisted instruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学computer-assisted learning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习conative 意动的concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义concord 一致(关系) concordance 共现关系 concrete noun 具体名词 concurrent 同时发生的conjugation 词形变化 conjunct 连接副词conjunction 连接词conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑connotation 内涵consequent 跟随成分 consonance 辅音韵 consonant 辅音 constant opposition 不变对立constative 表述的 constituentcommand 成分指令 constituentproposition 成分命题 constituentstructure analysis 成分结构分析constituent 成分 construct 编制construct validity 编制效度construction 构建 constructivism构建主义 content analysis 内容分析content validity 内容效度 contentword 实义词 context dependent 语境依赖的 context of situation 情景语境 context 语境 contextualanalyses 语境分析 contextualmeaning 语境意义 contrastiveanalysis 对比分析 control theory控制理论 controlled language 有控制的语言 convention 常规规约conventional meaning 常规意义规约意义 conventionality 常规性规约性 conversational implicature 会话含义 conversational maxim 会话准则converse antonymy 相反反义现象conversion 变换 cooperativeprinciple, CP 合作原则 coordinateconstruction 并列结构 coordination 并列 coreferential 互参的 coronal舌面前音 corpus data 语料库语料corpus (pl corpora) 语料素材corpus linguistics 语料库语言学context 上下文 countable 可数(名词) counterfactual proposition 反事实命题 couplet 对句对联creativity 创造性原创性 Creole 克里澳尔语混和语 cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际 cross- linguistic 跨语言的 culturally- specific 文化特异的 curriculum 教学大纲 customizing 定制的 D dactyl 扬抑抑格 Dani language 达尼语 data retrieval, DR 资料检索 database 数据库 dative (case) 与格 dative movement 与格移动 declarative 陈述句 decoding 解码 deductive 演绎的deep structure 深层结构defeasibility 消除可行性 definite有定的 degenerate data 无用的语料deixis 指称 delicacy 精密阶denotation 外延指称 dental 齿音dentalization 齿音化 derivation 衍生 derivational affix 衍生词汇derivational morphology 派生形态学descriptive adequacy 描写充分性descriptive linguistics 描写语言学design feature 结构特征 determiner限定词 developing grammar 发展语法deviant 变体 deviation 偏离变异devoicing 清音化 diachronic linguistics 历时语言学 diachronic历时的 diacritic 附加符号变音符diagnostic test 诊断性测试 dialect方言 dialectology 方言学 digitized sound 数字化语音 dimetre 二音步诗行 diphthong 二合元音双元音direct object 直接宾语 direct speech, DS 直接言语 direct thought, DT 直接思想directionality 方向性 discourse 语篇话语 discourse analysis 语篇分析话语分析 discourse interpretation 语篇理解 discrete分离的离散的 discrete-point grammar 离散语法 discrete point test 分立性测试 disjunction 分离关系 displacement 移位 dissimilation 异化(作用) distinctive feature区别性特征 distinguisher 辩义成分do-insertion rule do 添加规则domain 范围领域 dorsal 舌背音舌中音 dorsum 舌背(音) double comparative 双重比较 drill-and- practice software 操练软件 D- structure D 结构 dual 双数dualistic view 二分观点 duality 二重性 E early Modern English 早期现代英语 economy 经济性简洁性ejective 爆发音 electronic mail 电子邮件 Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语ellipsis 省略(法) ellipticalsentence structure 省略句子结构embedded element 嵌入成分emic 位学的 emotive 感情的 empirical 经验主义的 empirical data 经验主义的语料empirical validity 经验效度empiricism 经验主义empty category, EC 空范畴 enablingskills 使成技能化 encoding 编码end rhyme 末端韵endocentric construction 内向结构entailment 蕴涵entry condition 入列条件epenthesis 插音增音equipollent opposition 均等对立equivalence 相等equivalence reliability 相等信度 error analysis 错误分析 EST 科技英语 ethnicity identity 民族认同ethnography of communication 交际民族学 etic 非位的素的event process 事件过程example-based machine translation 基于例句的机器翻译 exchange error 交换错误exchange sequence 交际序列exchange structure 交际结构exhaustive 穷尽的彻底的 existent 存在物 existential 存在句existential process 存在过程existential quantifier 存在数量词exocentric 外向的 exocentric construction 外向结构 experiential 经验的 experiential function 经验功能experimental psycholinguistics 实验心理语言学explanatory adequacy 解释充分性explicit grammar instruction, EGI 明显的语法教学法expression minimization 表达最底程度expressive 表达的extended standard theory, EST 扩展标准理论extensive 引申的扩展的 extent-condition format 程度条件格式external evaluation 外部评估external qualifier 外部修饰语extrinsicsources of error 外在的错误来源eye movement 眼部移动Fface validity 卷面效度facilitation 便利促进Fasold feasibility 可行性 feature特征 feedback 反馈 felicitycondition 适宜性条件恰当条件feminine 阴性 fiction 小说figurative language 比喻性语言象征性语言figures of speech 修辞手段修辞格finite element 有定成分 finite 有定的有限的 finite state grammar有限状态语法first-person narrator 第一人称叙述者Firthian phonology 弗斯音系学 flap闪音flexibility 灵活性变通性 floppydisk 软盘 focus 焦点中心 folketymology 俗词源学民间词源foregrounded features 突出特征foregrounding 突出前景话 foreignlanguage teaching 外语教学 form形式 formal difference 形式差异formalization 形式化 formation 形成 formative 构形成分构词成分free form 自由形式 free indirectspeech, FIS 自由间接言语 freeindirect thought, FIT 自由间接思想 free morpheme 自由语素 free root morpheme 自由词根语素free variant 自由变体 free verse自由韵文 French 法语 frequency effect 频率效应 fricative (摩)擦音friction 摩擦 front 舌面前舌前的fully automatic high quality translation, FAHQT 全自动高质量翻译 function word 功能词 function 功能 functional grammar 功能语法functional linguistics 功能语言学functional sentence perspective, FSP 功能句子观 functions of language 语言功能 fusion 溶合fuzzy 模糊的 G gender difference 性别差异 general linguistics 普通语言学 generalisation 概括generative grammar 生成语法generative semantics 生成语言学genitive 属格所有格 genre 体裁语类 German 德语 given (information) 已给信息 global task 整体任务glottal 喉音glottal stop 喉塞音 goal 目标government theory 支配理论government 支配 grammatical analysis 语法分析 grammatical function ; ; grammatical structure 语法结构 gradable antonymy 分等级的反义关系gradual opposition 渐次对立grammatical category 语法范畴grammatical concept 语法概念grammatical description 语法描写grammatical form 语法形式grammatical marker 语法标记grammatical meaning 语法意义grammatical organization 语法组成 grammatical pattern 语法类型grammatical process 语法过程grammatical rule 语法规则grammatical sentence pattern, GSP 语法句形 grammatical structure 语法结构 grammatical subject 语法主语 grammatical system 语法系统grammatical word 语法词 graphitic form 文字形式 Gricean maxim Grice 准则 group 词组 guttural 腭音H half-rhyme 半韵 hard palate 硬腭head 中心词中心成分 headed construction 中心结构 heptameter 七音步诗行 hierarchical structure 等级结构 hierarchical system 等级系统 hierarchy 等级体系 high 高(元音) historical linguistics 历史语言学 holophrastic stage 单词句阶段homonym 同音 / 形异议词Hopi Hopi 语 horizontal relation链状关系 Horn scale 霍恩阶 humancognitive system 人类认知系统human language 人类语言 humanspeech 人类言语 human translation 人译 hypercorrection 矫枉过正hyponym 下义词hyponymy 下义关系hypothesis 假设hypothesis-deduction 假设 -演绎 I iamb 抑扬格iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步诗行IC analysis 直接成分分析法 ICALL (intelligent CALL) 智能计算机辅助语言学习ideational (function) 概念功台匕能identifying 认同的 idiom 成语习语idiomatically-governed 习语支配的ill-formed sentences 不合适的句子illocutionary act 话中行为施为性行为illocutionary force 言外作用施为作用imaginative (function) 想象功能immediacy assumption 即时假定immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析法imperative rule 祈使规则imperative 祈使语气命令的implicate 意含 implication 蕴涵含义 implication connective 蕴涵连接implicature 含义言外之意implied meaning 蕴涵意义implosive 内破裂音内爆音inanimate 无生命的inclusiveness relation 内包意义indefinite 不定的,无定的indicative 陈述式陈述语气indirect object 间接宾语indirct speech, IS 间接言语indirect thought, IT 间接思想 Indo-European languages 印欧语言inference 推论推理inference drawing 推论inferential communication 推论交际infinitive 不定式infix 中缀inflection 屈折(变化) inflectional affix 屈折词缀inflectional morphology 屈折形态学inflective endings 屈折结尾information retrieval 信息检索information structure 信息结构informative (function) 信息功台匕能innateness 先天性innateness hypothesis (语法)天赋假设 input 输入input hypothesis 语言输入说instrumental (function) 工具功台匕能integrative test 综合性测试intensifier 强调成分 intensive 强调的增强的 interactional(function) 交互功台匕能interdental 齿间音 interface 界面interference 干扰 interjection 感叹词 interlanguage 中介语interlingua 国际语 interlingualapproach 语际法 interlocutor 会话者 internal evaluation 内部评估internal structure 内部结构international phonetic alphabet,IPA 国际音标internet 互联网 interpersonal 人际的 interpersonal function 人际功台匕能interpretation 解释 interrogative sentence 疑问句 intonation 语调intra-linguistic relation 语言内关系 intransitive 不及物的 intrinsic sources of error 错误的内源invariable word 不变词 invention新创词语 inversion 倒置,倒装 IPA chart 国际音标图 IPS symbol 国际音标符号 irony 讽刺反话 isolated opposition 孤立对立 Italian 意大利语 JJapanese 日语 jargon 黑话行语Jesperson, Otto Johnson & Johnson JohnsonJones, DanielKkernel sentence 核心句 keyword 关键词 knowledge 知识 known information 已知信息 Krashen Kruszewski, Mikolaj Kuno, Susumo L label 标示标记 labial 唇音labiodental 唇齿音 language 语言language acquisition device, LAD 语言习得机制language attitude 语言态度language choice 语言选择 language comprehension 语言理解language data 语言素材 language learning 语言学习 language maintenance 语言维护 language processing 语言处理 language structure 语言结构 language system 语言系统 language teaching 语言教学language universal 语言普遍性language use 语言使用 langue 语言(系统) larynx 喉头 lateral 边音旁流音Latin 拉丁语Latin grammar 拉丁语法 lax vowel 松元音 length 长度音长 letter 字母 level 层,级,平面 Levinson, Stephen lexeme 词位词素 lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义 lexical change 词汇变化 lexical level 词汇层lexical meaning 词汇意义 lexical morphology 词汇形态学 lexical studies 词汇研究 lexical word 词汇词 lexicogrammar 词汇语法 lexicon 词汇词典 lexis 词 liaison 连音连续 limerick 打油诗 line 诗行linear phonology 线性音系学 linear structure 线形结构 linguistic university 语言普遍性 linguistic behaviour 语言行为 linguistic behaviour potential 语言行为潜势linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic context 语言语境上下文linguistic data 语言素材linguistic description 语言描写linguistic determinism 语言决定论linguistic facts 语言事实linguistic relativity 语言相对性linguistic sexism 语言性别歧视linguistic structure 语言结构linguistic theory 语言理论linguistic unit 语言单位linguistic universal 语言普遍性linguistic variation 语言变异linguistics 语言学 lip rounding 圆唇化 literal language 本义语言literary stylistics 文学文体学loan translation 翻译借词loanblend 混合借词loanshift 转移借词loanword 借词local area networks, LAN 局域网 locutionary act 发话行为,表述性言语行为logical component 逻辑成分logical connective 逻辑连词logical form component 逻辑式成分logical form representation 逻辑式表达logical formula 逻辑公式logical function 逻辑功能logical semantics 逻辑语义学 logical structure 逻辑结构 logical subject 逻辑主语 logophoricity 词照应London School 伦敦学派 long vowed 长元音 loss of sound 语音脱落loudness 响度Mmachine translation 机器翻译macrolinguistics 宏观语言学macroproposition 宏观命题macrostructure 宏观结构 main clause 主句Malinowski, Bronislaw man-machine symbiosis 人机共生manner maxim 方式准则 manner of articulation 发音方式 marked标记的masculine 阳性matalinguistic 元语言学的material (process)物质过程 mathematical principles 数学原理 maxim 准则maximal onset principle 最大节首辅音原则meaning potential 意义潜势 meaning shift 转移 meaning 意义 mental (processs)思维过程心理过程mentalism 心灵主义 message 信息metafunction 元功能 metalinguistic元语言的 metaphor 隐喻 metathesis换位(作用) metonymy 换喻转喻metre 韵律 metrical patterning 韵律格式 microcomputer 微机microprocessor 微处理器 mid 中(元音) mind 思维 minimal attachmenttheory 最少接触理论 minimal pair最小对立体 minimalist programminimum free form 最小自由形式 mirror maxim 镜像准则 mistake错误 modal subject 语气主语 modalverb 情态动词 modality 情态 modernFrench 现代法语 modification 修饰modifier 修饰语 monomorphemic 单语素的 monophonemic 单音位的monophthong 单元音 monosyllabic 单音节的 Motague grammar 蒙太古语法mood 语气 morph 形素词素形式morpheme 语素词素形素morpheme-exchange error 词素交错误 morphemic shape 词素形状morphemic structure 词素结构morphemic transcription 词素标morphological change 形态变化morphological rule 形态规则morphology 形态学 morpho-phonemic component 形态音位成分morphophonemics morphophonology morpho-syntactical 变化motivation 动因动机 move (移动)MT 机器翻译MT quality 机译质量 multilateral opposition 多边对立 multi-level phonology 多层次音系学multilingualism 多语制多语现象 N narratee 被叙述者 narrator 叙述者narrator 'respresentation ofspeech acts, NRSA 言语行为的叙述者表达 narrator'respresentation of speech, NRS 言语的叙述者表达narrator 'repsresentation ofthought acts, NRTA 思维行为的叙述者表达 narrator'repsresentation of thought,NRT 思维的叙述者表达 narrow transcription 窄式音标 narrowing狭窄化 nasal 鼻音 nasal cavity 鼻腔 nasal sound 鼻音 nasal stop 鼻塞音 nasal tract 鼻道 nasality 鼻音性 nasalization 鼻音化 Nash, Walter native speaker 操本族语者natural language 自然语言naturalistic data 自然语料 near- adult grammar 近成人语法 negation 否定否定结构 negative 否定的negative interference 负面干扰negative marker 否定标记 negative transfer 负转移 neogrammarian 新语法学家 network 网络 network computer 网络计算机 neutralizable opposition 可中立对立new information 新信息 new stylistics 新文体学 node 节nominal group 名词词组nominalization 名词化 nominative 主格 non-authentic input 非真实语料的输入 non-contrastive analysis非对比性分析 non-conventionality 非规约性 non-detachability 非可分离性 non-linear phonology 非线性音系学 non-linguistic entity 非语言实体 non-pulmonic sound 非肺闭塞音 non-reciprocal discourse 非交替性语篇 non-reflexive pronoun 非反身代词 nonsense word stage 无意义词语阶段nonverbal cues 非言语提示 norm 规范 notation system 标写系统 notion 意念 notional-functional syllabus意念功能教学大纲noun phrase 名词短语 noun 名词number system 数字系统 number 数字O object 宾语 object-deletion 宾语省略 objective case 宾格objectivity 客观性 obligatory 强制形态音位学形态音系学 change形态句法mother tongue 母语语本族。

语言学术语中英对照

语言学术语中英对照

语言学术语中英对照writing system书写系统 word order 词序 word segmentation分词 word set 词集word segmentation unit 分词单位/切词单位word segmentation standard for Chinese 中文分词规范voice recognition 声音辨识/语音识别 vowel 元音 vowel harmony 元音和谐verb 动词verb phrase 动词组/动词短语 verb recitative compound 动补复合词verbal association 词语联想 oracle bone inscriptions甲骨文verbal phrase 动词组verbal production 言语生成vernacular 本地话V-O construction (verb-object) 动宾结构accent 口音/{Phonetics}重音Universal Grammar 普遍性语法transformation 变形[转换]Transformational Grammar 变形语法/转换语法nested structure 崁套结构text understanding 文本理解abbreviation 缩写/省略语text analyzing 文本分析 text coherence 文本一致性synonym同义词syntactic category 句法类别syntactic constituent 句法成分syntactic rule 语法规律/句法规则 structural transfer 结构转换structuralism 结构主义 stem 词干 stop 爆破音social context 社会环境 simple word 单纯词situation 情境sememe 义素 phoneme 音素 punctuation 标点符号part of speech (POS) 词类 particle 语助词 phrase 词组/短语phonemic stratum 音素层 rhetorical structure 修辞结构 rhetoric 修辞学proper name 专有名词polysemy 多义性 postposition 方位词negative sentence 否定句 multilingual translation 多语翻译Morphology 构词学 Montague Grammar 蒙泰究语法/蒙塔格语法mood 语气morpheme 词素 morphological affix 构词词缀modal 情态词 modal auxiliary 情态助动词 modal logic 情态逻辑modifier 修饰语 metaphor 隐喻M-D (modifier-head) construction 偏正结构locution 惯用语 linguistic unit 语言单位 loan 外来语lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义 lexical category 词类LAD (language acquisition device) 语言习得装置 language acquisition 语言习得intonation 语调interlingua 中介语言interlingual 中介语(的)innateness position 语法天生假说 inflection/inflexion 屈折变化inflectional affix 屈折词缀 indirect object 间接宾语immediate constituent 直接成份 imperative 祈使句 homograph 同形异义词homonym 同音异义词homophone 同音词 homophony 同音异义free morpheme 自由语素 duration 音长{语音学}/时段{语法学/语义学} disambiguation 消除歧义/歧义消除discourse 篇章 complement 补语checked 受阻的antonym 反义词apposition 同位语 ambiguity 歧义ambiguity resolution 歧义消解 affirmative 肯定(的;式)对外汉语术语中英对照音节syllable 字母alphabet 语言中的歧异现象ambiguity 发音pronunciation 广东话Cantonese 辅音consonant 声调tone 韵律rhyme声调语言tone language 押韵(v)rhyme 节奏rhythm 语调intonation语音speech of sound 词汇lexicon 语法grammar 语素morpheme构词法word-building/-formation 形态变化morphological change 音位phoneme声带vocal cords 发音器官organs of speech 呼吸器官respiratory organs音标phonetic alphabet 汉语拼音Chinese Phonetic Alphabet 属性attribute 发音articulation 甲骨文oracle bone inscriptions 笔画stroke 名词noun部首character component 表意文字ideograph 象形文字pictograph实词notional word 动词verb 形容词adjective 副词adverb代词pronoun 虚词function word 连词conjunction 语气词mood word 介词preposition 叹词interjection 助词auxiliary word 情态动词modal verb 主语subject 宾语object 定语attribute 补语complement谓语predicate 表语predicative 状语adverbial 修饰语modifier同义词synonym 反义词antonym 词组word group 时态tense专有名词proper noun 专业术语register 语境context 词尾ending后缀suffix 前缀infix 本义original meaning 基本义basic meaning引申义extended meaning 成语set phrase / idiom 方言dialect句法学Synt。

语言学术语表

语言学术语表

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表Glossary and IndexAabbreviation 缩写词,略语 3.3.1Abercrombie 10.3.2ablative 夺格,离格 4.1.1abstractness 抽象性 1.3.2accent 重音(符)2.4.4;正确性 11.6.4accusative 宾格 4.1.1achievement test 成绩测试 11.6.3acoustic phonetics 声学语音学 1.7.1;acquisition 习得 6.1.2acronym 缩略语 3.3.1action process 动作过程 12.2.3actor 动作者 4.4.2;添加 3.3.2address form 称呼形式 7.2.3addressee 受话人;9.4.1addresser 发话人;9.4.1adjective 形容词 3.1.2;;修饰成分;附加语 12.2.3 adverb 副词 3.1.2affix 词缀 3.2.1affix hopping 词缀跳跃 4.3.1affixation词缀附加法 7.1.4affricate 塞擦音 2.4.3;;一致关系 4.1.3airstream 气流 2alliteration 头韵 9.3.2;词/语素变体 3.2.4;音位变体allophonic variation 音位变体 2.8.3allophony音位变体现象 2.8.3alveolar ridge 齿龈alveolar 齿龈音 2.4.4;歧义 4.2.2;;;;歧义的 5.5.2;American descriptive linguistics 美国描写语言学American English 美式英语 10.3.5American Indian languages 美国印第安族诸语言American structuralism 美国结构主义10.3.2;analogical creation 类推造字 3.3.1anapest 抑抑扬格 9.3.3anaphor 前指替代 4.3.3anaphoric reference 前指照应 4.3.2Anderson 6.3.1Animal communication system 动物交际系统;animate 有生命的 4.2.1annotation 注解 10.3.4;先行词;前在词 4.3.2 anthropological 人类学的 12.3.1anthropological linguistics 人类语言学 1.8.3;coarticulation 逆化协同发音 2.6.1antonomasia 换称;代类名 7.1.4antonym 反义词antonymy 反义(关系) 5.3.2appellative 称谓性4.4.2applied linguistics 应用语言学11applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学7.2.4appropriacy 适宜性11.6.4appropriateness 适宜性;得体性11.2.5approximant 无摩擦延续音2.4.3; Apte 7;7.2.1aptitude test 素质测试11.6.2Arabic 阿拉伯语3.3.1; arbitrariness 任意性1.3.1;12argument 中项;中词;主目4.3.3;冠词3.1.2;; articulation 发音articulator 发音器官 2.4.2; articulatory phonetics 发音语音学1.7.1;artificial speech 人工言语10aspect 体4.1.2aspirated 吐气;送气 2.6.2; assimilation 同化 2.9.1;;;associative 联想 4.2.1associative meaning 联想意义assonance 准压韵;半谐音9.3.2; Atkinson, .attributive 属性;修饰语;定语 4.2.2;auditory phonetics 听觉语音学 1.7.1;Austin, John Langshaw ;8.1.2authentic input 真实投入 11.4.2authorial style 权威风格 9.4.3authoring program 编程 10.1.3autonomy 自主性auxiliary 助词 3.1.2; auxiliary verb 助动词 3.1.2;Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段 12.4.1back-formation 逆构词法 3.3.1Bally, CharlesBar-Hillel 10.2.1Barnhart & Barnhart 7.1.4base component 基础部分 4.3.2;。

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版(2)(最新整理)

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版(2)(最新整理)

corpus (pl corpora) 语料 素 材 corpus linguistics 语料库语 言学 context 上下文 countable 可数(名词) counterfactual proposition 反事实命题 couplet 对句 对联 creativity 创造性 原创性 Creole 克里澳尔语 混和语

derivational morphology 派生 形态学
descriptive adequacy 描写充 分性
descriptive linguistics 描写 语言学
conversion 变换
D
construction 构建 constructivism 构建主义 content analysis 内容分析
cooperative principle, CP 合 作原则
coordinate construction 并列 结构
dactyl 扬抑抑格 Dani language 达尼语 data retrieval, DR 资料检索
communicative syllabus 交际 教学大纲
composite proposition 复合命 题
compositionality 复合性
compound 复合词 复合句
comprehension 理解
computation 计算
computational linguistics 计 算语言学
cardinal numeral 基数 cardinal vowel 基本元音 case 格 case grammar 格语法 case theory 格理论 category 范畴
cluster 音丛 coarticulation 协同发音 coda 结尾音节 符尾 code 语码 信码 cognitive psychology 认知心 理学 cognitive system 认知系统

语言学教程术语索引

语言学教程术语索引

语言学术语〔英-汉对照〕表Glossary and IndexAabbreviation缩写词,略语3.3.1Abercrombie 10.3.2ablative 夺格,离格4.1.1abstractness 抽象性1.3.2accent 重音〔符〕2.4.4;2.4.5accuracy正确性11.6.4accusative 宾格4.1.1achievement test 成绩测试11.6.3acoustic phonetics 声学语音学1.7.1;2.1 acquisition 习得6.1.2acronym 缩略语3.3.1action process 动作过程12.2.3actor 动作者4.4.2;12.2.3addition 添加3.3.2address form称呼形式7.2.3addressee 受话人1.4;9.4.1addresser 发话人1.4;9.4.1adjective 形容词3.1.2;4.1.1;5.5.2adjunct 修饰成分;附加语12.2.3adverb 副词3.1.2affix 词缀3.2.1affix hopping 词缀跳跃4.3.1affixation词缀附加法7.1.4affricate 塞擦音2.4.3;2.4.5;2.9.1agreement 一致关系4.1.3airstream 气流2alliteration 头韵9.3.2;9.3.6allomorph 词/语素变体3.2.4;4.3.1allophone 音位变体2.8allophonic variation 音位变体2.8.3allophony音位变表达象2.8.3alveolar ridge 齿龈2.2alveolar 齿龈音2.4.4;2.4.5ambiguity 歧义4.2.2;4.3.1;6.2.3;8.2.2;8.3.2 ambiguous歧义的5.5.2;6.3American descriptive linguistics 美国描写语言学12.3 American English 美式英语10.3.5American Indian languages 美国印第安族诸语言12.3 American structuralism 美国构造主义10.3.2;12.3 analogical creation 类推造字3.3.1anapest 抑抑扬格9.3.3anaphor 前指替代4.3.3anaphoric reference 前指照应4.3.2Anderson 6.3.1Animal munication system 动物交际系统1.2;1.3 animate 有生命的4.2.1annotation 注解10.3.4;10.3.5antecedent 先行词;前在词4.3.2 anthropological 人类学的12.3.1 anthropological linguistics 人类语言学1.8.3;7.1.1 anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同发音2.6.1 antonomasia 换称;代类名7.1.4antonym 反义词5.4antonymy 反义(关系) 5.3.2appellative 称谓性4.4.2applied linguistics 应用语言学11applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学7.2.4 appropriacy 适宜性11.6.4appropriateness 适宜性;得体性11.2.5 approximant 无摩擦延续音2.4.3;2.4.5Apte 7;7.2.1aptitude test 素质测试11.6.2Arabic 阿拉伯语3.3.1;4.4.1arbitrariness 任意性1.3.1;12argument 中项;中词;主目4.3.3;5.5.2article 冠词3.1.2;4.1.1;4.2.1articulation 发音2.6articulator 发音器官2.4.2;2.4.3articulatory phonetics 发音语音学1.7.1;2.1 artificial speech 人工言语10aspect 体4.1.2aspirated 吐气;送气2.6.2;2.8.2 assimilation 同化2.9.1;3.2.4;3.3.2;6.2.4 associative 联想4.2.1associative meaning 联想意义5.3assonance 准压韵;半谐音9.3.2;9.3.6 Atkinson, A.M. 2.1attributive属性;修饰语;定语4.2.2;12.2.3 auditory phonetics 听觉语音学1.7.1;2.1 Austin, John Langshaw 8.1;8.1.2authentic input 真实投入11.4.2authorial style 权威风格9.4.3authoring program 编程10.1.3autonomy 自主性1.8auxiliary 助词3.1.2;12.4.3auxiliary verb 助动词3.1.2;12.2.3Bbabbling stage婴儿语阶段12.4.1back-formation 逆构词法3.3.1Bally, Charles 9.1Bar-Hillel 10.2.1Barnhart & Barnhart 7.1.4base ponent 根底局部4.3.2;12.4。

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表appropriateness适宜性得体性broadening词义扩大Aapproximant无摩擦延续音Browncorpus布朗语料库abbreviation缩写词,略语aptitudetest素质测试Cablative夺格,离格Arabic阿拉伯语calculability可计算性accent重音(符)arbitrariness任意性calque仿造仿造词语accusative宾格argument中项中词主目cancellability可删除achievementtest成绩测试article冠词cardinalnumeral基数acousticphonetics声学语音学articulation发音cardinalvowel基本元音acquisition习得articulator发音器官case格acronym缩略语articulatoryphonetics发音语音学casegrammar格语法actionprocess动作过程artificialspeech人工言语casetheory格理论actor动作者aspect体category范畴addressform称呼形式aspirated吐气送气categoricalcomponent范畴成分addressee受话人assimilation同化causative使役的使投动词addresser发话人associative联想center中心词adjective形容词associativemeaning联想意义centraldeterminer中心限定词adjunct修饰成分附加语assonance准压韵半谐音chainrelation链状关系adverb副词attributive属性修饰语定语chainsystem链状系统affix词缀auditoryphonetics听觉语音学choice选择affixation词缀附加法authenticinput真实投入choicesystem选择系统affricate塞擦音authorialstyle权威风格circumstance环境因子agreement一致关系authoringprogram编程class词类airstream气流autonomy自主性classshift词性变换alliteration头韵auxiliary助词clause小句从句allomorph词/语素变体auxiliaryverb助动词click吸气音咂音allophone音位变体Bclipping截断法allophonicvariation音位变体babblingstage婴儿语阶段closedclass封闭类allophony音位变体现象back-formation逆构词法closedsyllable闭音节alveolarridge齿龈basecomponent基础部分cluster音丛alveolar齿龈音behaviouralprocess行为过程coarticulation协同发音ambiguity歧义behaviourism行为主义coda结尾音节符尾analogicalcreation类推造字bilabial双唇音code语码信码anapest抑抑扬格bilabialnasal双唇鼻音cognitivepsychology认知心理学anaphor前指替代bilateralopposition双边对立cognitivesystem认知系统anaphoricreference前指照应bilingualism双语现象coherence相关关联animate有生命的binarydivision二分法cohension衔接annotation注解binaryfeature二分特征co-hyponym同下义词antecedent先行词前在词binarytaxonomy二分分类学colligation类连结anthropologicallinguistics人类语言binding制约collocativemeaning搭配意义学bindingtheory制约论colorword色彩词anticipatorycoarticulation逆化协同blade舌叶舌面前部colorwordsystem色彩词系统发音blankverse无韵诗command指令antonomasia换称代类名blending混成法commoncore共核antonym反义词borrowing借用借词commonnoun普通名词antonymy反义(关系)boundmorpheme粘着语素communication交际appellative称谓性boundingtheory管辖论communicativecompetence交际能appliedlinguistics应用语言学bracketing括号法力appliedsociolinguistics应用社会语brevitymaxim简洁准则communicativedynamism,CD交际言学bridging架接性动力appropriacy适宜性broadtranscription宽式音标communicativelanguageteaching,CLT交际语言教学法consequent跟随成分cross-linguistic跨语言的communicativeSentencePattern,CSPconsonance辅音韵culturally-specific文化特异的交际性句子模式consonant辅音curriculum教学大纲communicativesyllabus交际教学大constantopposition不变对立customizing定制的纲constative表述的Dcommunicativetest交际性测试constituentcommand成分指令dactyl扬抑抑格communicative-grammaticalapproachconstituentproposition成分命题Danilanguage达尼语交际-语法教学法constituentstructureanalysis成分结dataretrieval,DR资料检索compactdisk激光盘database数据库构分析comparativedegree比较级constituent成分dative(case)与格competence能力construct编制dativemovement与格移动complement补语constructvalidity编制效度declarative陈述句complementaryantonym互补反义词construction构建decoding解码complementaryantonymy互补反义constructivism构建主义deductive演绎的关系contentanalysis内容分析deepstructure深层结构complementarydistribution互补分contentvalidity内容效度defeasibility消除可行性布contentword实义词definite有定的complexpredicate复合谓语contextdependent语境依赖的degeneratedata无用的语料component成分contextofsituation情景语境deixis指称componentialanalysis成分分析context语境delicacy精密阶compositeproposition复合命题contextualanalyses语境分析denotation外延指称compositionality复合性contextualmeaning语境意义dental齿音compound复合词复合句contrastiveanalysis对比分析dentalization齿音化comprehension理解controltheory控制理论derivation衍生computation计算controlledlanguage有控制的语言derivationalaffix衍生词汇computationallinguistics计算语言学convention常规规约derivationalmorphology派生形态学computationalsystem计算系统conventionalmeaning常规意义规约descriptiveadequacy描写充分性computer-assistedlearning,CAL计算descriptivelinguistics描写语言学意义机辅助学习conventionality常规性规约性designfeature结构特征computercorpus计算机语料库conversationalimplicature会话含义determiner限定词computerhardware计算机硬件conversationalmaxim会话准则developinggrammar发展语法computerliteracy计算机操作能力converseantonymy相反反义现象deviant变体computernetworks计算机网络conversion变换deviation偏离变异computersystem计算机系统cooperativeprinciple,CP合作原则devoicing清音化computer-assistedinstruction,CAI计coordinateconstruction并列结构diachroniclinguistics历时语言学算机辅助教学coordination并列diachronic历时的computer-assistedlearning,CALL计算coreferential互参的diacritic附加符号变音符机辅助语言学习coronal舌面前音diagnostictest诊断性测试conative意动的corpusdata语料库语料dialect方言concept概念corpus(plcorpora)语料素材dialectology方言学conceptualmeaning概念意义corpuslinguistics语料库语言学digitizedsound数字化语音concord一致(关系)context上下文dimetre二音步诗行concordance共现关系countable可数(名词)diphthong二合元音双元音concretenoun具体名词counterfactualproposition反事实命directobject直接宾语concurrent同时发生的directspeech,DS直接言语题conjugation词形变化couplet对句对联directthought,DT直接思想conjunct连接副词creativity创造性原创性directionality方向性conjunction连接词Creole克里澳尔语混和语discourse语篇话语conjunctionbuttressing连接词支撑cross-culturalcommunication跨文化discourseanalysis语篇分析话语分析connotation内涵discourseinterpretation语篇理解交际discrete分离的离散的finite有定的有限的民族学discrete-pointgrammar离散语法etic非位的素的finitestategrammar有限状态语discretepointtest分立性测试eventprocess事件过程法disjunction分离关系example-basedmachinetranslationfirst-personnarrator第一人称叙述displacement移位基于例句的机器翻译者dissimilation异化(作用)exchangeerror交换错误Firthianphonology弗斯音系学distinctivefeature区别性特征exchangesequence交际序列flap闪音distinguisher辩义成分exchangestructure交际结构flexibility灵活性变通性do-insertionruledo添加规则exhaustive穷尽的彻底的floppydisk软盘domain范围领域existent存在物focus焦点中心dorsal舌背音舌中音existential存在句folketymology俗词源学民间词源dorsum舌背(音)existentialprocess存在过程foregroundedfeatures突出特征doublecomparative双重比较existentialquantifier存在数量词foregrounding突出前景话drill-and-practicesoftware操练软件exocentric外向的foreignlanguageteaching外语教D-structureD结构exocentricconstruction外向结构学dual双数experiential经验的form形式dualisticview二分观点experientialfunction经验功能formaldifference形式差异duality二重性experimentalpsycholinguistics实验formalization形式化Eformation形成心理语言学earlyModernEnglish早期现代英语explanatoryadequacy解释充分性formative构形成分构词成分economy经济性简洁性explicitgrammarinstruction,EGI明freeform自由形式ejective爆发音freeindirectspeech,FIS自由间接言显的语法教学法electronicmail电子邮件expressionminimization表达最底程语ElizabethanEnglish伊利莎白时期英freeindirectthought,FIT自由间接思度语expressive表达的想ellipsis省略(法)extendedstandardtheory,EST扩展freemorpheme自由语素ellipticalsentencestructure省略句子freerootmorpheme自由词根语标准理论结构extensive引申的扩展的素embeddedelement嵌入成分extent-conditionformat程度条件格freevariant自由变体emic位学的freeverse自由韵文式emotive感情的externalevaluation外部评估French法语empirical经验主义的externalqualifier外部修饰语frequencyeffect频率效应empiricaldata经验主义的语料extrinsicsourcesoferror外在的错误fricative(摩)擦音empiricalvalidity经验效度friction摩擦来源empiricism经验主义eyemovement眼部移动front舌面前舌前的emptycategory,EC空范畴Ffullyautomatichighqualitytranslation,enablingskills使成技能化facevalidity卷面效度FAHQT全自动高质量翻译encoding编码facilitation便利促进functionword功能词endrhyme末端韵Fasoldfunction功能endocentricconstruction内向结构feasibility可行性functionalgrammar功能语法entailment蕴涵feature特征functionallinguistics功能语言学entrycondition入列条件feedback反馈functionalsentenceperspective,FSPepenthesis插音增音felicitycondition适宜性条件恰当条功能句子观equipollentopposition均等对立functionsoflanguage语言功能件equivalence相等feminine阴性fusion溶合equivalencereliability相等信度fiction小说fuzzy模糊的erroranalysis错误分析figurativelanguage比喻性语言象征GEST科技英语genderdifference性别差异性语言ethnicityidentity民族认同figuresofspeech修辞手段修辞格generallinguistics普通语言学ethnographyofcommunication交际finiteelement有定成分generalisation概括generativegrammar生成语法historicallinguistics历史语言学indicative陈述式陈述语气generativesemantics生成语言学holophrasticstage单词句阶段indirectobject间接宾语genitive属格所有格homonym同音/形异议词indirctspeech,IS间接言语genre体裁语类HopiHopi语indirectthought,IT间接思想German德语horizontalrelation链状关系Indo-Europeanlanguages印欧语given(information)已给信息Hornscale霍恩阶言globaltask整体任务humancognitivesystem人类认知系inference推论推理glottal喉音inferencedrawing推论统glottalstop喉塞音humanlanguage人类语言inferentialcommunication推论交goal目标humanspeech人类言语际governmenttheory支配理论humantranslation人译infinitive不定式government支配hypercorrection矫枉过正infix中缀grammaticalanalysis语法分析hyponym下义词inflection屈折(变化)grammaticalfunction;;hyponymy下义关系inflectionalaffix屈折词缀grammaticalstructure语法结构hypothesis假设inflectionalmorphology屈折形态gradableantonymy分等级的反义关hypothesis-deduction假设-演绎学系Iinflectiveendings屈折结尾gradualopposition渐次对立iamb抑扬格informationretrieval信息检索grammaticalcategory语法范畴iambicpentameter抑扬格五音步诗informationstructure信息结构grammaticalconcept语法概念informative(function)信息功行grammaticaldescription语法描写ICanalysis直接成分分析法能grammaticalform语法形式ICALL(intelligentCALL)智能计算机innateness先天性grammaticalmarker语法标记innatenesshypothesis(语法)天赋辅助语言学习grammaticalmeaning语法意义ideational(function)概念功假设grammaticalorganization语法组input输入能成identifying认同的inputhypothesis语言输入说grammaticalpattern语法类型idiom成语习语instrumental(function)工具功grammaticalprocess语法过程idiomatically-governed习语支配能grammaticalrule语法规则integrativetest综合性测试的grammaticalsentencepattern,GSPill-formedsentences不合适的句intensifier强调成分语法句形子intensive强调的增强的grammaticalstructure语法结illocutionaryact话中行为施为性行interactional(function)交互功构为能grammaticalsubject语法主语illocutionaryforce言外作用施为作interdental齿间音grammaticalsystem语法系统interface界面用grammaticalword语法词imaginative(function)想象功能interference干扰graphiticform文字形式immediacyassumption即时假定interjection感叹词GriceanmaximGrice准则immediateconstituentanalysis直接interlanguage中介语group词组interlingua国际语成分分析法guttural腭音imperativerule祈使规则interlingualapproach语际法Himperative祈使语气命令的interlocutor会话者half-rhyme半韵implicate意含internalevaluation内部评估hardpalate硬腭implication蕴涵含义internalstructure内部结构head中心词中心成分implicationconnective蕴涵连接internationalphoneticalphabet,IPA headedconstruction中心结构implicature含义言外之意国际音标heptameter七音步诗行impliedmeaning蕴涵意义internet互联网hierarchicalstructure等级结构implosive内破裂音内爆音interpersonal人际的hierarchicalsystem等级系统inanimate无生命的interpersonalfunction人际功hierarchy等级体系inclusivenessrelation内包意义能high高(元音)indefinite不定的,无定的interpretation解释interrogativesentence疑问句langue语言(系统)loantranslation翻译借词intonation语调larynx喉头loanblend混合借词intra-linguisticrelation语言内关系lateral边音旁流音loanshift转移借词intransitive不及物的Latin拉丁语loanword借词intrinsicsourcesoferror错误的内Latingrammar拉丁语法localareanetworks,LAN局域网源laxvowel松元音locutionaryact发话行为,表述性言invariableword不变词length长度音长语行为invention新创词语letter字母logicalcomponent逻辑成分inversion倒置,倒装level层,级,平面logicalconnective逻辑连词IPAchart国际音标图Levinson,Stephenlogicalformcomponent逻辑式成IPSsymbol国际音标符号lexeme词位词素分irony讽刺反话lexicalambiguity词汇歧义logicalformrepresentation逻辑式表isolatedopposition孤立对立lexicalchange词汇变化达Italian意大利语lexicallevel词汇层logicalformula逻辑公式Jlexicalmeaning词汇意义logicalfunction逻辑功能Japanese日语lexicalmorphology词汇形态学logicalsemantics逻辑语义学jargon黑话行语lexicalstudies词汇研究logicalstructure逻辑结构Jesperson,Ottolexicalword词汇词logicalsubject逻辑主语Johnson&Johnsonlexicogrammar词汇语法logophoricity词照应Johnsonlexicon词汇词典LondonSchool伦敦学派Jones,Daniellexis词longvowed长元音Kliaison连音连续lossofsound语音脱落kernelsentence核心句limerick打油诗loudness响度keyword关键词line诗行Mknowledge知识linearphonology线性音系学machinetranslation机器翻knowninformation已知信息linearstructure线形结构译Krashenlinguisticuniversity语言普遍性macrolinguistics宏观语言学Kruszewski,Mikolajlinguisticbehaviour语言行为macroproposition宏观命题Kuno,Susumolinguisticbehaviourpotential语言行macrostructure宏观结构Lmainclause主句为潜势label标示标记linguisticcompetence语言能Malinowski,Bronislawlabial唇音man-machinesymbiosis人机共生力labiodental唇齿音linguisticcontext语言语境上下文mannermaxim方式准则language语言linguisticdata语言素材mannerofarticulation发音方式languageacquisitiondevice,LAD语linguisticdescription语言描写marked标记的言习得机制linguisticdeterminism语言决定masculine阳性languageattitude语言态度matalinguistic元语言学的论languagechoice语言选择linguisticfacts语言事实material(process)物质过程languagecomprehension语言理linguisticrelativity语言相对性mathematicalprinciples数学原解linguisticsexism语言性别歧视理languagedata语言素材linguisticstructure语言结构maxim准则languagelearning语言学习linguistictheory语言理论maximalonsetprinciple最大节首辅languagemaintenance语言维护linguisticunit语言单位音原则languageprocessing语言处理linguisticuniversal语言普遍meaningpotential意义潜languagestructure语言结构性势languagesystem语言系统linguisticvariation语言变异meaningshift转移languageteaching语言教linguistics语言学meaning意学liprounding圆唇化义languageuniversal语言普遍性literallanguage本义语言mental(processs)思维过程心理过languageuse语言使用literarystylistics文学文体学程mentalism心灵主义node节变化message信息mothertongue母语本族nominalgroup名词词组metafunction元功能nominalization名词化语metalinguistic元语言的motivation动因动机nominative主格metaphor隐喻move(移动)non-authenticinput非真实语料的输metathesis换位(作用)MT机器翻译入metonymy换喻转喻MTquality机译质量non-contrastiveanalysis非对比性分metre韵律multilateralopposition多边对立析metricalpatterning韵律格式multi-levelphonology多层次音系non-conventionality非规约性microcomputer微机non-detachability非可分离性学microprocessor微处理器multilingualism多语制多语现象non-linearphonology非线性音系mid中(元音)N学mind思维narratee被叙述者non-linguisticentity非语言实体minimalattachmenttheory最少接触narrator叙述者non-pulmonicsound非肺闭塞音理论narrators’representationofspeechnon-reciprocaldiscourse非交替性语minimalpair最小对立体acts,NRSA言语行为的叙述者表篇minimalistprogramnon-reflexivepronoun非反身代词达minimumfreeform最小自由形narrator’respresentationofspeech,nonsensewordstage无意义词语阶式NRS言语的叙述者表达段mirrormaxim镜像准则narrator’respresentationofthoughtnonverbalcues非言语提示mistake错误acts,NRTA思维行为的叙述者表norm规范modalsubject语气主语notationsystem标写系统达modalverb情态动词narrator’repsresentationofthought,notion意念modality情态NRT思维的叙述者表达notional-functionalsyllabus意念功能modernFrench现代法语narrowtranscription窄式音标教学大纲modification修饰narrowing狭窄化nounphrase名词短语modifier修饰语nasal鼻音noun名词monomorphemic单语素的nasalcavity鼻腔numbersystem数字系统monophonemic单音位的nasalsound鼻音number数字monophthong单元音nasalstop鼻塞音Omonosyllabic单音节的nasaltract鼻道object宾语Motaguegrammar蒙太古语法nasality鼻音性object-deletion宾语省略mood语气nasalization鼻音化objectivecase宾格morph形素词素形式Nash,Walterobjectivity客观性morpheme语素词素形nativespeaker操本族语者obligatory强制性素naturallanguage自然语言observationaladequacy观察充分morpheme-exchangeerror词素交错naturalisticdata自然语料性误near-adultgrammar近成人语法abstruction阻塞morphemicshape词素形状negation否定否定结构OCRscanner光学字符阅读器扫描morphemicstructure词素结构negative否定的仪morphemictranscription词素标negativeinterference负面干扰octametre八音步诗行音negativemarker否定标记OldEnglish古英语morphologicalchange形态变化negativetransfer负转移one-placepredicate一位谓语morphologicalrule形态规则neogrammarian新语法学家on-linetranslation在线翻译morphology形态学network网络onomatopoeia拟声词morpho-phonemiccomponent形态networkcomputer网络计算机onset节首辅音音位成分neutralizableopposition可中立对openclass开放类morphophonemics形态音位学opensyllable开音节立morphophonology形态音系学newinformation新信息operationalsystem操作系统morpho-syntacticalchange形态句法newstylistics新文体学operative可操作性operator操作词person人称polysyllabic多音节(词)oppositenessrelation对立关系personal(function)自指性功能polysystemicanalysis多系统分析opposition对立pharyngeal咽头音喉音Portugese葡萄牙语optimalrelevance最适宜关联pharynx喉头positivetransfer正移转option选择phatic(communion)寒暄交谈交感性possessive所有的属有的optional可选择的possiblegrammar可能语言的语谈话oralcavity口腔phone音素音子法oralstop口阻塞音phonematicunit音声单位postalveolar后齿龈音ordinalnumeral序数词phoneme音位post-Bloomfieldianlinguistics后布龙originoflanguage语言起源phoneticalphabet音标菲尔德语言学orthography正字法phoneticformcomponent语音形式postdeterminer后限定词ostensivecommunication直示交post-structuralistview后结构主义观部分际phoneticsimilarity语音相似性点output产出phoneticsymbol语音符号pragmaticinference语用推论overgeneralization过分法则化phonetictranscription标音pragmaticroles语用角色Ppragmatics语用学(法)palatal腭音舌面中音phonetics语音学PragueSchool布拉格学palatal-alveolar腭齿龈音phonologicalanalysis音位分析派palatalization(硬)腭化phonologicalcomponent音位部predeterminer前限定词paradigm聚合体predicatecalculus谓语演算分paradigmaticrelation聚合关phonologicallevel音系层predicatelogic谓语逻辑系phonologicalprocess音位过程predicate谓语paraphrase释义意译phonologicalrepresentation音位表predicator谓语(动)词parole言语predictivevalidity预测效度达partofspeech词类phonologicalrule音位规则pre-editing预先编辑译前加工participant参与者phonologicalstructure音位结构prefix前缀particle小品词语助词phonologicalsystem音位系统pre-modifiedinput预修正的输particulargrammar特定语的语phonologicalvariant音位变体入法phonology音系学premodifier前修饰语partitive部分的部分格phrasalverb短语动词preposition介词passivetransformation被动转phrase短语prepositionalcalculus介词演算换phrasestructure短语结构prepositionallogic介词逻辑passive(voice)被动语态phrasestructuregrammar短语结构prepositionalopposition介词对patterndrilltechnique句型操练语法立法phrasestructurerule,PSrule短语结prepositionalphrase介词短pattern模式构规则语patterning制定模式pidgin皮软语洋泾滨语不纯正外prescriptive规定式pause停顿presupposition前提预设语peak(节)峰Pitch音高声调高低primarycardinalvowel主要基本元perceptualspan感知时距placeofarticulation发音部位音perfectionism完善主义play剧本primarystress主重音第一重音perfective完成体plosion爆破principleofinformativeness信息性performancetest语言运用测试plosive爆破音爆发音原则performance语言运plural复数principleofleasteffort最省力原用pluralism多元主义则performative(verb)行事性动plurality复数形式principleofquantity数量原则词poetic(function)诗学功能privativeopposition表非对立表缺对perlocutionaryact话后行为poetry诗歌立perseverativecoarticulation重复性polymorphemic(word)多语素process过程协同发音词productionerror产生性错误productivity多产性realisation体现R-principle关联原则proficiencytest水平测试recall回忆rulesystem规则系统pro-form代词形式替代形式receivedpronunciation,RP标准发rule-basedapproaches基于规则的programminglanguage编程语言音方法progressive进行体receiver受话者信息接受者rulesoflanguage语言规则progressiveassimilation顺同化recencyeffect近期效应Sprojectionrule投射规则recognition识别samenessrelation相同关系pronominal代词recursion可溯Sanskrit梵文pronoun代词recursive可溯的还原的Sapir-WhorfHypothesis萨丕尔-沃夫pronunciation发音recursiveness递归性假设pronunciationdictionary发音词典reference所指参照Saussure索绪尔pronunciation发音referentialmeaning所指意义scaleofdelicacy精密阶proportionalopposition部分对referentialtheory所指理论schema图式立referential所指的scheme-orientedlanguage面向图式proposition命题reflectedmeaning反映意义的语言prosestyle散文风格reflexive(form)反身形式secondlanguageacquisition第二语prosodicanalysis节律分析超音质分regionaldialect地域方言言习得析register语域secondarycardinalvowel次要基本元psycholinguistics心理语言学regressiveassimilation逆同化音psycholinguistic-sociolinguisticregulatory(function)控制性语言功secondarystress次重音approach心理-社会语言学方法segment音段能psychologicalreality心理现实relationmaxim关系准则selectionrestriction选择限制psychologicalsubject心理主语relationalopposite关系对立selectionalrules选择规则psychologyoflanguage语言心理学relationalprocess关系过程self-reflexive自反身psychometric-structuralistapproachrelativeclause关系分句关系从句semanticassociationnetwork语义关心理测定-结构主义法relativepronoun关系代词联网络pulmonicsound肺闭塞音relativeuninterruptibility相对的非间semanticchange语义变化Putonghua普通话semanticcomponent语义部断性Qrelevancetheory关联理论分Q-basedimplicature基于质量的含reliability信度semanticfeature特征义repetition重复semanticinterpretation语义解释Q-principle质量原则representationalsystem表达系统semanticinterpretativerules语义解quality质representational表达实体释规则量residue剩余成分semanticprocess语义过程restrictedlanguage限制性语言semanticrepresentation语义表达qualitymaxim质量准则retrievalprocess检索过程semanticsentencepattern,SSP语义quantifier数量词retrievalsystem检索系统句型quantitativeanalysis定量分析retroflexsound卷舌音semantictriangle语义三角quantitativeparadigm数量变化表reverserhyme反陨semantics语义学quantitymaxim数量准则revisedextendedstandardtheory,semi-consonant半辅音quatrain四行诗REST修正扩展标准理论semioticsystem符号系统Rrewritingrules重写规则semiotics符号学range范围rheme述位semi-vowel半元音rank级rhetoricalskill修辞技能senserelation意义关系rationalism理性主义rhyme韵韵角压韵sense意义rawdata原始素材rhythm韵律节奏sentence句子R-basedimplicature基于关联的涵Romanalphabetletter罗马字母sentencefragments句子成分义root词根sentencemeaning句义reader读者rootmorpheme词根语素sentencememory句子记忆readingcomprehension阅读理解roundvowel圆元音sentencestress句重音sentencestructure句子结构speechsynthesis言语合成superlativedegree最高级sententialcalculus句子演算spelling拼写,拼法superordinate上坐标词setting场景splitinfinitives分裂的不定式suprasegmentalfeature超语段特征sibilant咝擦音spokencorpus口语语料库surfaceform表层形式sign符号spokenlanguagetranslation口语翻surfacerepresentation表层表达signified所指受指surfacestructure表层结构译signifier能指施指spondee扬扬格syllabicstructure音节结构simile明喻spoonerism首音互换斯本内现象syllabification音节划节simultaneity同时性spread展元音syllable音节singular单数S-structure表层结构syllabusdesign教学大纲设计situationalcontext情景语境stability稳定性syllabus教学大纲situationallevel情景层stabilityreliability稳定性效度syllogism三段论法situationalsyllabus情景教学大纲StandardEnglish标准英语symbol符号situationalvariation情景变异standardtheory标准理论synchronic(linguistics)共时(语言学)slot空缺standardization标准化synonym同义词socialrole社会角色statisticalanalysis统计分析synonymous同义的socialsemiotic社会符号学status地位synonymy同义现象socio-culturalrole社会文化角色stem词干syntacticcomponent句法部分sociolinguisticstudyoflanguage语言stimulus刺激syntacticfeatures句法特征的社会语言学研究stimulus-response刺激反应syntacticfunction句法功能sociolinguisticstudyofsociety社会stop闭塞音syntacticmarker句法标记的社会语言学研究storedknowledge储存知识syntacticprocess句法过程sociolinguistics社会语言学strategicknowledge学习策略知识syntacticrestriction句法限制sociologicalapproach社会学方法stratification层syntacticstructure句法结构softpalate软腭streamofconsciousness意识流syntacticalchange变化solidarity团结stresspattern重音模式syntagmaticrelation组合关系sonnet十四行诗stress重音syntax句法sonorant响音structuralanalysis结构分析systemnetwork系统网络sonorityscale响音阶structural(structuralist)grammar结systemofsigns符号系统sound语音systemofsystems系统的系统构语法soundimage语音图像structuralsyllabus结构教学大纲systemic(grammar)系统语法soundpattern语音模式structuraltest结构测试systemic-functionalGrammar,SFG系soundsegment音段structuralism结构主义统功能语法soundsystem语音系统structuralistlinguistics结构主义语言soundwave音波T学speaker’smeanin说g话者意义structuralistview结构主义观点tacitknowledge默契的知识speech言语style文体风格tagmeme法位speechacttheory言语行为理论stylisticanalysis文体分析tagmemics法位学speechcommunity言语社团stylistics文体学tap一次接触音speechcomprehension言语理解subcategorize次范畴targetlanguage目标语言speechevent言语事件subject主语tautology同义反复冗辞speechfunction言语功能subject-deletion主语省略template模块speechmode言语方式subjectivetest主观性测试tensevowel紧元音speechorgan言语器官subjectivity主观性tense时态speechperception言语感知subjunctivemood虚拟语气testcontent测试内容speechpresentation言语表达subordinateconstruction从属结构testform测试形式speechproduction;言语产生subordination从属testee受试者speechresearch言语研究substitutability替代性testing测试speechrole言语角色substitution替换test-retestreliability一测再测信speechsound语音suffix后缀度tetrameter四音步诗行Uvoicing浊音化,有声化text语篇Unaspirated不松气的vowelglide元音音渡textcomprehension语篇理解underlyingform底层形式vowel元音textencoding语篇编码underlyingrepresentation底层表达Wtextinterpretation语篇解释uninterruptibility非中断性webpage网页textstyle语篇风格universalgrammar,UG普遍语法Wh-interrogative特殊疑问句textualorganization语篇组织universalquantifier普遍限量词womenregister女性语域textual语篇功能universal普遍现象word词theme主位universality普遍性wordclass词类theoreticallinguistics理论语言学universalsoflanguage语言的普遍现wordformation词语形成third-personnarrator第三人称叙述wordgroup词组象者unmarked未标记的wordmeaning词义thoughtpresentation思想表达unroundedvowel非圆元音wordorder词序three-placepredicate三位谓语urbandialectology都市方言学wordrecognition词语识别tone声调音调user用户wordformation词语形成tongueheight舌高user-friendly方便用户的word-for-word逐词翻译tongueposition舌位utterancemeaning语句意义wording措辞tonguetip舌尖utterance语句workingmemorysystem工作记忆系topic主题uvula小舌统tracetheory轨迹论uvular小舌音writing文字traditionalgrammar传统语法writingsystem文字系统transcribed标音Vwrittenlanguage书面语transcription音标标音validity效度writtentext篇章transfer移转variable可变化的Xtransferapproach移转法variableword可变化词X-barTheoryX-bar理论transformation转换variation变异Ytransformationofinterrogation疑问variety变体语体yes/nointerrogative是非问句转换velar软腭音yes/noquestion是非问句transformationalcomponent转换部velarization腭音化Z分、transformationalgrammar转换语velum软口盖zeroform零形式法verb动词transformationalprocess转换过程verbphrase动词短语transformationalrule转换规则verbalcommunication言语交际transformational-generativegrammar,verbalprocess言语过程TGgrammar转换生成语法verbiage言辞transitivity及物性vernacularlanguageeducation本地translation翻译化教育treediagram树形图verticalrelation选择关系trill颤音vocabulary词汇trochee抑扬格长短格vocalcord声带trope转喻隐喻vocalorgan发音器官truthcondition真值条件vocaltract声道truthvalue真值vocative呼格tu/vousdistinction你/您区别voice语态turnlength话语轮次长度voicedconsonant浊辅音turnquantity话语轮次数量voicedobstruent浊塞音turn-taking依次发言voiced(sound)浊音two-placepredicate二位谓语voicelessconsonant清辅音two-wordutterance二词话语voicelessobstruent清塞音typology类型学voiceless(sound)清音。

语言学术语(英-汉对照)glossary and index

语言学术语(英-汉对照)glossary and index

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表A--D Glossary and IndexAabbreviation 缩写词,略语 3.3.1 Abercrombie 10.3.2ablative 夺格,离格 4.1.1abstractness 抽象性 1.3.2accent 重音(符)2.4.4;2.4.5accuracy 正确性11.6.4accusative 宾格 4.1.1achievement test 成绩测试11.6.3 acoustic phonetics 声学语音学 1.7.1;2.1 acquisition 习得 6.1.2acronym 缩略语 3.3.1action process 动作过程12.2.3actor 动作者 4.4.2;12.2.3addition 添加3.3.2address form 称呼形式7.2.3addressee 受话人 1.4;9.4.1addresser 发话人 1.4;9.4.1adjective 形容词 3.1.2;4.1.1;5.5.2 adjunct 修饰成分;附加语12.2.3adverb 副词 3.1.2affix 词缀3.2.1affix hopping 词缀跳跃 4.3.1affixation词缀附加法7.1.4affricate 塞擦音 2.4.3;2.4.5;2.9.1 agreement 一致关系 4.1.3airstream 气流 2alliteration 头韵9.3.2;9.3.6allomorph 词/语素变体 3.2.4;4.3.1 allophone 音位变体 2.8allophonic variation 音位变体 2.8.3 allophony音位变体现象 2.8.3alveolar ridge 齿龈 2.2alveolar 齿龈音 2.4.4;2.4.5ambiguity 歧义 4.2.2;4.3.1;6.2.3;8.2.2;8.3.2 ambiguous歧义的 5.5.2;6.3American descriptive linguistics 美国描写语言学12.3 American English 美式英语10.3.5American Indian languages 美国印第安族诸语言12.3 American structuralism 美国结构主义10.3.2;12.3 analogical creation 类推造字 3.3.1anapest 抑抑扬格9.3.3anaphor 前指替代 4.3.3anaphoric reference 前指照应 4.3.2Anderson 6.3.1Animal communication system 动物交际系统 1.2;1.3 animate 有生命的4.2.1annotation 注解10.3.4;10.3.5antecedent 先行词;前在词 4.3.2anthropological 人类学的12.3.1anthropological linguistics 人类语言学 1.8.3;7.1.1 anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同发音 2.6.1 antonomasia 换称;代类名7.1.4antonym 反义词 5.4antonymy 反义(关系) 5.3.2appellative 称谓性4.4.2applied linguistics 应用语言学11applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学7.2.4 appropriacy 适宜性11.6.4appropriateness 适宜性;得体性11.2.5approximant 无摩擦延续音2.4.3;2.4.5Apte 7;7.2.1aptitude test 素质测试11.6.2Arabic 阿拉伯语3.3.1;4.4.1arbitrariness 任意性1.3.1;12argument 中项;中词;主目4.3.3;5.5.2article 冠词3.1.2;4.1.1;4.2.1articulation 发音2.6articulator 发音器官2.4.2;2.4.3articulatory phonetics 发音语音学1.7.1;2.1artificial speech 人工言语10aspect 体4.1.2aspirated 吐气;送气2.6.2;2.8.2 assimilation 同化2.9.1;3.2.4;3.3.2;6.2.4 associative 联想 4.2.1associative meaning 联想意义 5.3 assonance 准压韵;半谐音9.3.2;9.3.6 Atkinson, A.M. 2.1attributive 属性;修饰语;定语 4.2.2;12.2.3 auditory phonetics 听觉语音学 1.7.1;2.1 Austin, John Langshaw 8.1;8.1.2 authentic input 真实投入11.4.2 authorial style 权威风格9.4.3authoring program 编程10.1.3 autonomy 自主性 1.8auxiliary 助词 3.1.2;12.4.3auxiliary verb 助动词 3.1.2;12.2.3Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段12.4.1back-formation 逆构词法 3.3.1Bally, Charles 9.1Bar-Hillel 10.2.1Barnhart & Barnhart 7.1.4base component 基础部分 4.3.2;12.4.4 Baudouin de Courtenay, Jan 2.8.2 behaver 行为者12.2.3behavioural process 行为过程12.2.3 behaviourism 行为主义12.3.2;12.4.1 Bell, A.M. 2.5.Bennette, James 9.1Bereiter 6.4.2Berlin,Brent 7.1.2Berns 7.2.4Biber, et al 10.3.3bilabial 双唇音 2.4.4;2.4.5bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音 2.4.5bilateral opposition 双边对立12.1.2 bilingualism 双语现象7.2.3binary division 二分法 4.2.2binary feature 二分特征 2.10binary taxonomy 二分分类学 5.4binding 制约 4.3.3;8.3.3;12.4.6binding theory 制约论 4.3.3;12.4.6Black English 黑人英语 1.1blade 舌叶;舌面前部 2.4.4blank verse 无韵诗9.3.4blending 混成法 3.3.1Bloch 12.3.2Bloom 7.1.3Bloomfield, L. 2.8.2; 3.1.2; 4.2.2; 12.3.2; 12.3.3; 12.4.2 Boas, Franz 2.8.2;7.1.1;12.3.1Bolinger 1.3.2Bolto 7.2.2borrowing 借用;借词 3.3.1bound morpheme 粘着语素 3.2.1bounding theory 管辖论 4.3.3;12.4.6bracketing 括号法12.4.3Bransford 6.3.1Bransford, John 6.4brevity maxim 简洁准则8.3.2bridging 架接8.3.3Britian, D. 2.10British English 英式英语10.3.5broad transcription 宽式音标 2.6.2;2.8.3broadening 词义扩大 3.3.3Brow n corpus 布朗语料库10.3.2Burton, Dolores Burton 9.1Ccalculability 可计算性8.2.3calque 仿造;仿造词语 3.3.1cancellability 可删除8.2.3cardinal numeral 基数 3.1.2cardinal vowel 基本元音 2.5.2Carpenter 6.2.5Carroll, B.J. 11.6.4Carter and Simpson 9.1case 格 4.1.1case grammar格语法12.5.1case theory格理论 4.3.3;12.4.6category 范畴1.4;3.1.2;3.2.1;4.1;4.3.2;6.2.3;8.2.1;10.3.5;12.3.3;12.4categorical component 范畴成分 4.3.2;4.3.3causative 使役的;使投动词8.3.2CD-I, compact disk-interactive 交互式激光视盘10.1.3Cell 12.3.3center 中心词 4.2.3central determiner 中心限定词 3.1.2chain relation 链状关系 4.2.1chain system 链状系统12.2.3Chao,Y.R. 2.8.2Chen 11.2Chinese 汉语 3.3.1;4.1.1;5.0;5.3.2;8.1.2;8.2;12.2.3choice 选择12.2.3choice system 选择系统12.2.3Chomsky, Noam 1.9.4;2.11;4.2.2;4.3;6;6.1.2;7.2.1;8.3.3;10;10.3.2;11.2.3;11.2.5;12.4;12.4.7;12.5.1circumstance 环境因子12.2.3Clahsen,H. 2.10class 词类3.1.2;12.3.3class shift 词性变换 3.3.3clause 小句;从句 3.1.1;4.4.2click 吸气音;咂音 2.2clipping 截断法 3.3.1closed class 封闭类 3.1.2closed syllable 闭音节 2.11.1cluster 音丛 2.11.1coarticulation 协同发音 2.6;2.7coda 结尾音节;符尾 2.11code 语码;信码 1.4;3.1.2cognitive psycholinguistics 认知心理语言学 6cognitive psychology 认知心理学 6.4.1cognitive system 认知系统 4.3.3coherence 相关;关联 6.4.2;12.2.3cohension 衔接12.3.3Cohort theory 6.2.1co-hyponym 同下义词 5.3.2colligation 类连结12.2.2collocative meaning 搭配意义12.2.2color word 色彩词7.1.2color word system 色彩词系统7.1.2command 指令 1.9.1;4.3.3common core 共核11.3.3common noun 普通名词 5.5.2communication 交际 1.1;1.3;1.4communicative competence 交际能力 1.9.4;7.2.4;11.2.5;11.3.3 communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力12.1.3communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法11.2communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式12.1.3 communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲11.3.3;communicative test 交际性测试11.6.4communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法11.3.3 compact disk 激光盘10.1.3COMPACT DISD-READ ONLY MEMORY,CD-ROM 激光视盘10.1.3comparative degree 比较级 5.3.2competence 能力 1.9.4;12.4.1;12.4.7complement 补语12.2.3complementary antonym 互补反义词 5.5.2complementary antonymy 互补反义关系 5.3.2complementary distribution 互补分布 2.8.3;3.2.4complex predicate 复合谓语 5.5.2component 成分 1.1;3.2.1;11.3.3componential analysis 成分分析 5.4composite proposition 复合命题 5.5.2compositionality 复合性 5.4;5.5.2compound 复合词;复合句2.12;3.2.1;3.2.3comprehension 理解 6.1.2computation 计算12.4.3computational linguistics 计算语言学 1.8.4;10computational system 计算系统 4.3.3computer 计算机;电脑10computer-assisted learning, CAL 计算机辅助学习10.1.1computer corpus 计算机语料库10.3.1computer hardware 计算机硬件10.2.1computer literacy 计算机操作能力10computer networks 计算机网络10..1.3computer system 计算机系统computer-assisted instruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学10.1.1 computer-assisted learning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习10.1 conative 意动的 1.4;4.4.2concept 概念 4.2.1;5.1conceptual meaning 概念意义 5.3;5.4concord 一致(关系)4.1.3concordance 共现关系10.3.3concrete noun 具体名词 5.5.2concurrent 同时发生的11.6.3conjugation 词形变化 3.3.1conjunct 连接副词 5.5.2conjunction 连接词 3.1.2;5.5.2conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑8.3.3connotation 内涵5;5.3;8.3.3consequent 跟随成分 5.5.2consonance 辅音韵9.3.2;9.3.6consonant辅音2;3.2.4constant opposition 不变对立12.1.2constative 表述的8.1.1constituent command 成分指令 4.3.3constituent proposition 成分命题 5.5.2constituent structure analysis 成分结构分析12.4.3 constituent 成分 3.1.2;4.2.2;8.3.3construct 编制11.6.4construct validity 编制效度11.6.3construction 构建 4.2.2constructivism 构建主义11.4.3contact 接触 1.4content analysis 内容分析10.4.3content validity 内容效度11.6.3content word 实义词 3.1.2context dependent 语境依赖的 5.3.1context of situation 情景语境7.1.1;12.2.1;12.2.2context 语境 1.7.6;2.9.2;6.3;7.1.1contextual analyses 语境分析12.2.2contextual meaning 语境意义8contrastive analysis 对比分析11.5.4control theory 控制理论 4.3.3;12.4.6controlled language 有控制的语言10.2.1convention 常规;规约 1.3.1conventional meaning 常规意义;规约意义8.2.3 conventionality 常规性;规约性 1.3.1conversational implicature 会话含义8.2.3;8.3 conversational maxim 会话准则8.3.2;9.5.1converse antonymy 相反反义现象 5.3.2conversion 变换7.1.4Cook 11.3;11.4.3cooperative principle, CP 合作原则 1.7.6;8.2.1;8.2.2;9.5.1 coordinate construction 并列结构 4.2.3coordination 并列 4.2.1Corder 11.5.2coreferential 互参的 4.3.2;4.3.3;8.3.3coronal 舌面前音2.10corpus data 语料库语料10.3.5corpus (pl. corpora) 语料;素材10.3.1;10.3.5;12.3.3 corpus linguistics 语料库语言学10.3context 上下文 1.4;6.2.1countable 可数(名词) 4.2.1counterfactual proposition 反事实命题 5.5.2couplet 对句;对联9.3.4creativity 创造性;原创性 1.3.2Creole 克里澳尔语;混和语7.2.3cross-cultural 跨文化7.1.3cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际7.1.1cross-linguistic 跨语言的7.1.2Crystal, David 1.5.5;2.8.1;7.1.1Culler 12culture 文化7;7.1;7.1.4;12.3.1culturally-specific 文化特异的7.1.3curriculum 教学大纲11.3customizing 定制的10.1.3Ddactyl 扬抑抑格9.3.3Dani language 达尼语7.1.2Darnell 7.1.1data retrieval, DR 资料检索10.4database 数据库12.2.5dative (case) 与格 4.1.1;4.3.1dative movement 与格移动 4.3.1declarative 陈述句 4.3.1;4.4.2decoding 解码8.3.1deductive 演绎的12.4.7deep structure 深层结构 4.3.1;12.4.4;12.4.5 defeasibility 消除可行性8.2.3definite 有定的 3.1.2;4.3.3degenerate data 无用的语料12.4.1deixis 指称9.4.1DeKeyser 11.4.1deletion rule 12.4.5delicacy 精密阶10.2.3Dell 6.4.1denotation 外延;指称5;8.3.3dental 齿音 2.4.4;2.4.5dentalization 齿音化 2.9.1;2.9.2derivation 衍生 3.2.3derivational affix. 衍生词汇 3.2.1derivational morphology 派生形态学 3.2.3 description 描写 1.9.1;11.5.3;12.2.3;12.3.3 descriptive adequacy 描写充分性12.4.2 descriptive linguistics 描写语言学12.4design feature 结构特征 1.3determiner 限定词 3.1.2;4.1.3;4.2.1;4.3.1;6.2.3 developing grammar 发展语法12.4.1deviant 变体9.2.1deviation 偏离;变异 1.9.4devoicing 清音化 2.9.1;2.9.3diachronic linguistics 历时语言学12 diachronic 历时的 1.9.2;8.3.2diacritic 附加符号;变音符 2.3.2;2.6.2diagnostic test 诊断性测试11.6.2dialect 方言 1.1dialectology 方言学7.2.2;10.3.5dialogue 对话9.5.1dictionary 词典 5.5.2;10.3.5digitized sound 数字化语音10.1.3dimetre 二音步诗行9.3.3diphthong 二合元音;双元音 2.5.2;3.2.4;3.3.2direct object 直接宾语 6.2.4;9.2.1;12.1.3direct speech, DS 直接言语9.4.2direct thought, DT 直接思想9.4.2directionality 方向性7.1.4discourse 语篇;话语 6.3;9.4.1;1.3.3discourse analysis 语篇分析;话语分析7.2.3;12.2.3 discourse interpretation 语篇理解6.3discovery procedure (12.3.3)discrete 分离的;离散的 1.3.2discrete-point grammar 离散语法11.4discrete point test 分立性测试11.6.4disjunction 分离关系 5.5.2displacement 移位 1.3.2dissimilation 异化(作用) 3.2.4distinctive feature 区别性特征 2.10distinguisher 辩义成分 5.5.2distribution 分布 3.1.2;12.3.3do-insertion rule do 添加规则12.4.3domain 范围;领域 1.7.1;3.3;3.3.4;12.4.5dorsal 舌背音;舌中音 2.10dorsum 舌背(音)2.2double comparative 双重比较 3.2.3Doughty 11.4.1Dow nes 7.1.1download 下载10.2.4drama 戏剧9.5drill-and-practice software 操练软件10.1.3D-structure D结构 4.3.3dual 双数 4.1.1;6.3.2dualistic view 二分观点7.2.1;7.2.3duality 二重性 1.3.2Durkheim,E 12Eearly Modern English 早期现代英语9.5.1economy 经济性;简洁性8.3.2;10.3.2ejective 爆发音 2.2electronic mail 电子邮件10.2.4Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语9.5.1ellipsis 省略(法)12.4.3elliptical sentence structure 省略句子结构9.4.2Ellis, J. 2.5.2;11.4.1;11.4.3embedded element 嵌入成分9.2.1emic 位学的 1.9.5emotive 感情的 1.4;1.5.4;4.4.2emphasis 强调 3.1.2empirical 经验主义的12.3.3empirical data 经验主义的语料10.3.5empirical validity 经验效度11.6.3empiricism 经验主义12.4.1empty category, EC 空范畴12.4.6enabling skills 使成技能化11.6.4encoding 编码8.3.1end rhyme 末端韵9.3.6endocentric construction 内向结构 4.3.3;4.2.3entailment 蕴涵 5.4;8.2.3entry condition 入列条件12.2.3epenthesis 插音;增音 2.9.2;2.9.3equipollent opposition 均等对立12.1.2equivalence 相等 5.5.2equivalence reliability 相等信度11.6.3error analysis 错误分析11.5EST 科技英语12.4.6ethnicity identity 民族认同7.2.2ethnography of communication 交际民族学7.1.1etic 非位的;素的 1.9.5evaluation 评估12.4.2;10.4.3;11.3.2event process 事件过程12.2.3example-based machine translation 基于例句的机器翻译10.2.2 exchange error 交换错误 6.4.1exchange sequence 交际序列9.5.1exchange structure 交际结构9.5.1exhaustive 穷尽的;彻底的12.4.3existent 存在物12.2.3existential 存在句4.4.2existential process 存在过程12.2.3existential quantifier 存在数量词 5.5.2exocentric 外向的 3.2.3exocentric construction 外向结构 4.2.3;4.3.3 experiential 经验的 4.4.2experiential function 经验功能12.2.3experimental psycholinguistics 实验心理语言学 6 explanatory adequacy 解释充分性12.4.2explicit grammar instruction, EGI 明显的语法教学法11.2 expression minimization 表达最底程度8.3.3expressive 表达的 1.5.4;4.4.2extended standard theory, EST 扩展标准理论12.4.5 extensive 引申的;扩展的12.2.3extent-condition format 程度条件格式8.3.1external evaluation 外部评估11.3.2;11.6external qualifier 外部修饰语5.5.2extrinsic sources of error 外在的错误来源11.6.3eye movement 眼部移动 6.2.5Fface validity 卷面效度11.6.3facilitation 便利;促进11.5.4Fasold 7.1.2;7.2.2;7.2.4feasibility 可行性11.2.5feature 特征 5.5.2feedback 反馈10.4.2felicity condition 适宜性条件;恰当条件8.1.1feminine 阴性10.3.5fiction 小说9.4.4;9.5.1figurative language 比喻性语言;象征性语言9.2.2figures of speech 修辞手段;修辞格9.4.4Fillmore, C.J. 12.5.1finite element 有定成分12.2.3finite 有定的;有限的 4.4.2finite state grammar 有限状态语法12.4.3Firbas, J. 12.1.3first-person narrator 第一人称叙述者9.4.1Firth, J.R. 7.1.1;12.2Firthian phonology 弗斯音系学12.2.3Fishman 7.1.1flap 闪音 2.4.3flexibility 灵活性;变通性11.6.4floppy disk 软盘10.1.2Flower 6.4.2focus 焦点;中心 2.9.2Fodor 5.2.2folk etymology 俗词源学;民间词源 3.3.3foregrounded features 突出特征9.4.4foregrounding 突出;前景话9.2.1;9.2.3foreign language teaching 外语教学11form 形式 3.1.1;3.3.2;7.2.2;11;11.4.1;12.2.3formal difference 形式差异12.3.1formalization 形式化12.3.3;12.4.7formation 形成 3.2formative 构形成分;构词成分3.2.1free form 自由形式3.1.2free indirect speech, FIS 自由间接言语9.4.2free indirect thought, FIT 自由间接思想9.4.2free morpheme 自由语素 3.2.1;4.3.1free root morpheme 自由词根语素 3.2.2free variant 自由变体 2.8.3free verse 自由韵文9.3.4French 法语 3.3;4.1.1;9.5.1;10.2.3frequency effect 频率效应 6.2.1Freud 12fricative (摩)擦音 2.4.3;2.4.5;2.9.1friction 摩擦 2.4.3front 舌面前;舌前的 2.5.1fully automatic high quality translation, FAH Q T 全自动高质量翻译10.2.1function word 功能词 3.1.2function 功能 1.5;4.1;4.4.2functional grammar 功能语法11.3.3;12.2.3functional linguistics 功能语言学11.2.4functional sentence perspective, FSP 功能句子观12.1.3 functions of language 语言功能12.2.3fusion 溶合 3.3.1fuzzy 模糊的10.3.5GGao 7.1.4Garrett 6.4.1;7.2.2;10.1.3gender difference 性别差异7.2.3gender 4.1.1;10.3.5;12.2.3general linguistics 普通语言学12.3.3generalisation 概括 1.3.2;12.4.2generative grammar 生成语法12.4;12.4.6generative semantics 生成语言学12.5.1genitive 属格;所有格 4.1.1genre 体裁;语类9.4.1;10.3.5German 德语 3.1.2;10.2.3given (information) 已给信息4.4.2;9.4.1;12.1.3global task 整体任务11.6.4glottal 喉音 2.4.4;2.4.5glottal stop 喉塞音 2.2goal 目标12.2.3Gomulicki 6.3.2government theory 支配理论12.4.6government 支配 4.1;4.1.3;4.3.3;8.2.3grammatical analysis 语法分析 4.4.1grammatical function 2.12;4.2.3;4.6.2grammatical structure 语法结构11.2.2gradable antonymy 分等级的反义关系 5.3.2gradual opposition 渐次对立12.1.2grammar 语法 3.1.1;3.2.4;11.4.1;12.2.3;12.3.3;12.4.2 grammatical category 语法范畴12.3.3grammatical concept 语法概念12.3.1grammatical description 语法描写12.4.3grammatical form 语法形式9.2.1grammatical marker 语法标记 5.5.2grammatical meaning 语法意义 3.1.2;3.2.4grammatical organization 语法组成9.4.4grammatical pattern 语法类型11.2.2grammatical process 语法过程12.3.1grammatical rule 语法规则8.3.3grammatical sentence pattern, GSP 语法句形12.1.3 grammatical structure 语法结构9.2.1;9.2.3;12.3.1 grammatical subject 语法主语 4.4.2grammatical system 语法系统12.3.1grammatical word 语法词 3.1.2;9.4.2graphitic form 文字形式 2.3.2Greek 希腊语 3.3.1;4;4.1.1;7.2.2;11.2.1Greenberg et al 7.1.2Gregersen 7.2.2Grice 8;8.2;8.2.2;8.3.1;9.5.1Gricean maxim Grice准则8.3.1;9.4.2group 词组12.2.3guttural 腭音 2.10Hhalf-rhyme 半韵9.3.6Hall, R. 2.11;12.3.3Halle, Morris 12.5.1Halliday, M.A.K 4.4.2;7.1.1;10;11.2.4;11.3.3;12.2;12.2.3 hard palate 硬腭 2.2;2.4.4Harris 7.2.1Hartley 1.8Hatzfeld, Helmet 9.1Hayes 6.4.2head 中心词;中心成分4.2.3headed construction 中心结构 4.2.3heptameter 七音步诗行9.3.3hierarchical structure 等级结构 4.2.2hierarchical system 等级系统12.4.3hierarchy 等级体系 1.3.2;3.1.1;3.1.2;12.3.3Higgins 10.1.3high 高(元音)2.5.1Hill, A 12.3.3historical linguistics 历史语言学 1.9.1;10.3.5Hockett, Charles 2.8.2;4.2.3;3;12.3.3Holmes 10.3.5holophrastic stage 单词句阶段12.4.1homonym 同音/形异议词12.2.1Hopi Hopi语7.1.1;7.1.2horizontal relation 链状关系 4.2.1Horn scale 霍恩阶8.3.3Horn, Lawrence 8.3.2Householder 8.3.2Hu 11.2Huang, Yan 8.3.3human cognitive system 人类认知系统12.4.2human language 人类语言 1.3;12.4.1human speech 人类言语 6.4.1human translation 人译10.2;10.2.6Humboldt, Wilhelm 7.1.1Hutchins 10.1.3Hymes, D. H. 1.9.3;7.1.1;11.2.5;11.3.3hypercorrection 矫枉过正11.5.4hyponym 下义词 5.3.2;5.4hyponymy 下义关系 5.3.3hypothesis 假设11.2.3hypothesis-deduction 假设-演绎12.4.2Iiamb 抑扬格9.3.3iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步诗行9.3.3IC analysis 直接成分分析法4.2.2;12.4.2ICALL (intelligent CALL) 智能计算机辅助语言学习10.1.2 ideational (function) 概念功能 1.4;4.4.2;12.2.3identifying 认同的12.2.3idiom 成语;习语 2.1.3;10.3.5idiomatically-governed 习语支配的7.1.3ill-formed sentences 不合适的句子12.4.4illocutionary act 话中行为;施为性行为8.1.2illocutionary force 言外作用;施为作用8.1.2imaginative (function) 想象功能 1.4;12.2.3immediacy assumption 即时假定 6.2.5immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析法4.2.2;4.3.1 imperative rule 祈使规则12.4.4imperative 祈使语气;命令的 4.4.2implicate 意含8.2.2;8.2.3implication 蕴涵;含义 5.5.2;8.2.1;8.2.3;8.3.2 implication connective 蕴涵连接 5.5.2implicature 含义;言外之意7.1.3;8.2implied meaning 蕴涵意义8.2.1implosive 内破裂音;内爆音 2.2inanimate 无生命的 4.2.1inclusiveness relation 内包意义 5.3indefinite 不定的,无定的 3.1.2indicative 陈述式;陈述语气 4.4.2indirect object 间接宾语 6.2.4;12.1indirct speech, IS 间接言语9.4.2indirect thought, IT 间接思想9.4.2Indo-European languages 印欧语言 1.9.3;3.1.2;12.3.1 inference 推论;推理 5.5.2;6.3.1;8.3.1;9.4.4inference drawing 推论 6.3.1inferential communication 推论交际8.3.1infinitive不定式 3.1.2;4.1.2infix 中缀 3.2.1inflection 屈折(变化)3.1.2;3.2.3inflectional affix 屈折词缀 3.2.1inflectional morphology 屈折形态学 3.2.3inflective endings 屈折结尾 3.1.2information retrieval 信息检索 1.8.4;10.4information structure 信息结构10.4.3informative (function) 信息功能 1.5.1;12.2.3 innateness 先天性12.4.7innateness hypothesis (语法)天赋假设12.4.1input 输入10.4.2;11.4.2;12.4.1input hypothesis 语言输入说11.4.2instrumental (function) 工具功能1.4;12.2.3 integrative test 综合性测试11.6.4intensifier 强调成分7.2.2intensive 强调的;增强的12.2.3interactional (function) 交互功能 1.4;12.2.3 interdental 齿间音 2.4.4interface 界面 1.8.4interference 干扰11.5.4interjection 感叹词 1.4;3.1.3;9.5.1interlanguage 中介语11.4.3;11.5.2interlingua 国际语10.2.2interlingual approach 语际法10.2.2interlocutor 会话者8.1.2internal evaluation 内部评估11.3.2;11.6.2internal structure 内部结构4.2.2international phonetic alphabet, IPA 国际音标 2.10;2.3.2;2.3.2 internet 互联网10.2.4interpersonal 人际的 1.4;4.4.2interpersonal function 人际功能 1.5;1.5.2;12.2.3interpretation 解释12.4.7interrogative sentence 疑问句 4.4.2;4.3.1;7.2.2intonation 语调2.11intra-linguistic relation 语言内关系 5.3intransitive 不及物的 4.3.2intrinsic sources of error 错误的内源11.6.3invariable word 不变词 3.1.2invention 新创词语 3.3.1inversion 倒置,倒装 3.1.2IPA chart 国际音标图 2.4.4;2.5.2IPS symbol 国际音标符号 2.8.3irony 讽刺;反话9.4.2isolated opposition 孤立对立12.1.2Italian 意大利语 3.3.1JJakobson, Roman 1.4;4.4.2Japanese 日语 3.3.1;3.3.1;10.2.3jargon 黑话;行语 1.1Jesperson, Otto 2.3.2;7.2.2Johnson & Johnson 10Johnson 6.4Jones, Daniel 2.3.2;2.5.2;2.8.2;7.1.3KKatz, John 4.3.2;5.5.2Kaufer 6.4.2Kay, Paul 7.1.2;10.2.3Kennedy and Graeme 10.3Kenyon, J.S. 2.5.3kernel sentence 核心句12.4.3keyword关键词10.4.3Kintsch 6.3.2Kjelmer 10.3.5Knott,T.A. 2.5.3knowledge 知识 6.4.2;10.2.2known information 已知信息12.1.3Krashen 11.4.2Kruszewski, Mikolaj 2.8.2Kuno, Susumo 4.3.3Llabel 标示;标记4.2.2labial 唇音 2.10labiodental 唇齿音 2.4.4;2.4.5Labov, William 7.2.2Ladefoged 2.5.3Lado 11.6.3Lakoff 7.2.2;12.5.1Lakoff & Johnson 7.1.3Lancaster 10.4language 语言1;6;7.1;7.2;10;12.3.1language acquisition device, LAD 语言习得机制12.4.1 language attitude 语言态度7.2.3language choice 语言选择7.2.3language comprehension 语言理解 6.2;3.1;6.4language data 语言素材10language learning 语言学习 1.2;11;11.4;7.2.4language maintenance 语言维护7.2.3language processing 语言处理 6.3.1;6.4language structure 语言结构12.4.7language system 语言系统 2.1;12.4.1language teaching 语言教学7.1.4;7.2.4;11;12.2.3;12.3.2 language universal 语言普遍性12.4.1language use 语言使用7.1.1;7.2.2langue 语言(系统) 1.9.3;8.3.2Larsen-Freeman 11.2larynx 喉头 2.2lateral 边音;旁流音 2.4.3;2.4.5Latin 拉丁语 3.1.2;3.3.1;3.3.2;4.1.1;4.2.3;11.2.1Latin grammar 拉丁语法 1.9.1;4.1.2;11.2.1lax vowel 松元音2.5.3Leech, G. 5;10.3.2;10.3.4length 长度;音长 2.1.2;2.5.1;2.5.4;12.2.2Lepschy, G. C. 12.3.3letter 字母 2.3.1level 层,级,平面 1.3.2Levinson, Stephen 8.3.3lexeme 词位;词素 3.1.1lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义 6.2.2lexical change 词汇变化(3.3)lexical level 词汇层12.2.2lexical meaning 词汇意义 3.1.2;3.2.4lexical morphology 词汇形态学 3.2.3lexical studies 词汇研究10.3.5lexical word 词汇词 3.1.2lexicogrammar 词汇语法 3.1.1;1.1;12.2.3lexicon 词汇;词典 3.2.3;4.3.2;4.3.3;12.4.5;12.5.1lexis 词9.2.3;9.4.4liaison 连音;连续 3.1.4limerick 打油诗9.3.4line 诗行9.3.6linear phonology 线性音系学 2.11linear structure 线形结构4.2.2linguistic university 语言普遍性7.1.2linguistic behaviour 语言行为12.2.3linguistic behaviour potential 语言行为潜势12.2.3linguistic competence 语言能力11.2.3;11.6.3;12.4.1;12.4.2 linguistic context 语言语境;上下文12.2.2linguistic data 语言素材10.3.1;12.4.2linguistic description 语言描写12.3.2;12.4.3linguistic determinism 语言决定论7.1.1linguistic facts 语言事实12.4.3linguistic relativity 语言相对性7.1.1linguistic sexism 语言性别歧视7.2.2linguistic structure 语言结构12.2.3;12.3.1 linguistic theory 语言理论11.7linguistic unit 语言单位12.2.3linguistic universal 语言普遍性10.2.2;12.4.1;12.4.7 linguistic variation 语言变异7.2.2;7.2.3linguistics 语言学1;4;11;12.3.1;12.4.3lip rounding 圆唇化 2.5.1;2.5.2literal language 本义语言9.2.2;9.2.3literary stylistics 文学文体学9loan translation 翻译借词 3.3loanblend 混合借词 3.3.1loanshift 转移借词 3.3.1loanword 借词 3.3.1local area networks, LAN 局域网10.1.3 locutionary act 发话行为,表述性言语行为8.1.2 logical component 逻辑成分12.4.5logical connective 逻辑连词5.5.2logical form component 逻辑式成分 4.3.3logical form representation 逻辑式表达12.4.5 logical formula 逻辑公式 5.5.2logical function 逻辑功能12.2.3logical semantics 逻辑语义学5.5.2logical structure 逻辑结构 5.5.2logical subject 逻辑主语 4.4.2logophoricity 词照应 4.3.3London School 伦敦学派12.2;12.2.3Long & Robinson 11.4.1long vowed 长元音2.11.1;3.2.4;3.3.2loss of sound 语音脱落 3.3.2loudness 响度 2.12low 底;下 2.5.1Luhn 10.4.3Luo Changpei 12.2.3Lyons, John 1.6;5.5.2Mmachine translation 机器翻译1.8.4;10.2;12.2.3 macrolinguistics 宏观语言学 1.8macroproposition 宏观命题 6.3.2macrostructure 宏观结构 6.3.2main clause 主句12.2.3Malinowski, Bronislaw 1.5.5;4.4.2;7.1.1;12.2.2man-machine symbiosis 人机共生10.2.1manner maxim 方式准则8.2.1manner of articulation 发音方式 2.4.3;2.4.5marked 标记的 5.3.2;8.3.2;8.3.3;10.3.5masculine 阳性10.3.5matalinguistic 元语言学的4.4.2material (process) 物质过程 4.4.2;12.2.3mathematical principles 数学原理12.4.3Mathesius, V. 12.1.1maxim 准则8.2.2maximal onset principle 最大节首辅音原则 2.11.3McArthur, Tom 10.3.1McCawley, J. 8.3.2;12.5.1meaning potential 意义潜势7.1.1;11.3.3;12.2.3meaning shift 转移 3.3.3meaning 意义1.3.2;1.7.5;5.0;5.1;8;12.2.3;12.2.3;12.3.1;12.3.3;12.4.3mental (processs) 思维过程;心理过程 4.4.2;12.2.3mentalism 心灵主义12.4.7message 信息1.4;9.4.1Mesthrie 7.2.2metafunction 元功能11.2.4;12.2.3;5.4metalinguistic 元语言的 1.4;8.3.2metaphor 隐喻7.1.3;9.2.2metathesis 换位(作用) 3.3.2metonymy 换喻;转喻9.2.2metre 韵律9.3metrical patterning 韵律格式9.3.3microcomputer 微机10microprocessor 微处理器10mid 中(元音) 2.5.1;2.5.1Milic, Louis 9.1Milroy 7.2.2mind 思维 6minimal attachment theory 最少接触理论 6.2.3minimal pair 最小对立体 2.8.1;2.8.2minimalist program 12.4.6minimum free form 最小自由形式3.1.2;12.2.3mirror maxim 镜像准则8.3.3mistake 错误11.5.1modal subject 语气主语 4.4.2modal verb 情态动词12.2.3modality 情态12.2.3modern French 现代法语9.5.1modification 修饰 4.3.2;6.4;10.3.2;12.5.1modifier 修饰语 4.2.3monomorphemic 单语素的 3.2.1monophonemic 单音位的 3.2.4monophthong 单元音 2.5.2monosyllabic 单音节的 2.12;2.11.1;3.2.4Motague grammar 蒙太古语法 5.5.2mood 语气 4.4.2;8.1.1;12.2.3morph 形素;词素形式12.3.3morpheme 语素;词素;形素 1.3.1;3.1.1;3.2.1;3.2.4;4;4.3.1;12.4.3 morpheme-exchange error 词素交错误 6.4.1morphemic shape 词素形状 3.2.4morphemic structure 词素结构 3.2.4morphemic transcription 词素标音 3.2.4morphological change 形态变化 3.3.3morphological rule 形态规则 3.2.1morphology 形态学 1.7.3;3.2.1;3.2.3;3.2.4morpho-phonemic component 形态音位成分 4.3.1 morphophonemics 形态音位学 3.2.4morphophonology 形态音系学 3.2.4morpho-syntactical change 形态句法变化 3.3.3mother tongue 母语;本族语7.1.2;11.2.3;11.5.2;11.5.4;12.4.1 motivation 动因;动机 1.2;7.1.4move (移动) 4.3.3M-principle M原理8.3.3MT 机器翻译10.2MT quality 机译质量10.2.3multilateral opposition 多边对立12.1.2multi-level phonology 多层次音系学 2.11multilingualism 多语制;多语现象7.2.3Nnarratee 被叙述者9.4.1narrator 叙述者9.4.1narrator's representation of speech acts, NRSA 言语行为的叙述者表达9.4.2narrator's representation of speech, NRS 言语的叙述者表达9.4.2 narrator's representation of thought acts, NRTA 思维行为的叙述者表达9.4.2narrator's representation of thought, NRT 思维的叙述者表达9.4.2 narrow transcription 窄式音标 2.6.2;2.8.3narrowing 狭窄化 3.3.3nasal 鼻音 2.11.1;2.4.5nasal cavity 鼻腔 2.2;2.4.3nasal sound 鼻音 2.2;3.2.4nasal stop 鼻塞音 2.4.3nasal tract 鼻道 2.6nasality 鼻音性 2.6nasalization 鼻音化 2.9.1;2.9.2Nash, Walter 9.5.3native speaker 操本族语者11.5.2natural language 自然语言 5.5.2naturalistic data 自然语料10.3.5near-adult grammar 近成人语法12.4.1negation 否定;否定结构 3.1.2;5.5.2;8.3.2;12.4.3negative 否定的 3.1.2;4.3.1negative interference 负面干扰11.5.4negative marker 否定标记 3.1.3negative transfer 负转移11.5.4neogrammarian 新语法学家12network 网络 4.4.2network computer 网络计算机10.2.4neutralizable opposition 可中立对立12.1.2new information 新信息9.4.1new stylistics 新文体学9.1Nida, Eugene 1.5.4;7.1.1;7.1.3;7.1.4node 节 4.3.3nominal group 名词词组 3.1.2nominalization 名词化 4.3.1nominative 主格 4.1.1non-authentic input 非真实语料的输入11.4.2non-contrastive analysis 非对比性分析11.5.4non-conventionality 非规约性8.2.3non-detachability非可分离性8.2.3non-linear phonology 非线性音系学 2.11non-linguistic entity 非语言实体5.3non-pulmonic sound 非肺闭塞音 2.2non-reciprocal discourse 非交替性语篇11.4.2non-reflexive pronoun 非反身代词8.3.3nonsense word stage 无意义词语阶段12.4.1nonverbal cues 非言语提示 1.2norm 规范 5.3.2notation system 标写系统 2.3.2;2.5.3notion 意念11.3.3notional-functional syllabus 意念功能教学大纲11.3.3 noun phrase 名词短语4.2.3;4.3.1;6.2.3noun 名词 2.11;3.1.2;4.1;4.1.1;4.1.3;4.2.1;12.4.4;12.4.5 number system 数字系统12.2.3number 数字 4.1.1;11.4.3;12.4.3OO'Barr & Atkins 7.2.4object 宾语 4.1.3;4.2.1object-deletion 宾语省略 4.3.1objective case 宾格 3.3.3objectivity 客观性11.6.3;12.3.3obligatory 强制性12.3.3;12.4.3observational adequacy 观察充分性12.4.2abstruction 阻塞 2.4.1;2.5.1OCR scanner 光学字符阅读器扫描仪10.2.1octametre 八音步诗行9.3.3Ogden 5.1Ohmann 11.2.3Old English 古英语 2.3.1;3.3.2one-place predicate 一位谓语 5.5.2on-line translation 在线翻译10.2.4onomatopoeia 拟声词 1.3.1;9.3.5。

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学专业词汇中英文对照版

语言学术语(英-汉对airstream 气流app ellative称谓性照)表alliteration 头韵app lied linguistics言学应用语abbreviation 缩写词,略语ablative 夺格,离格accent 重音(符)accusative 宾格achievement test 成绩测试acoustic p honetics 声学语音学acquisition 习得acronym缩略语action p rocess 动作过程actor 动作者address form 称呼形式addressee 受话人addresser 发话人adjective 形容词adjunct修饰成分附加语adverb 副词affix 词缀affixation 词缀附加法affricate 塞擦音allom orphall op hone词/语素变体音位变体all op honic variation变体allo phony 音位变体现象alveolar ridge 齿龈alveolar 齿龈音ambiguity 歧义analogical creation字ana pest 抑抑扬格anaphor前指替代音位类推造ana phoric reference 前指照应animate 有生命的annotation 注解antecedent 先行词前在词anthro po logicallinguistics 人类语言学antic ip atorycoarticulation 逆化协同发音antonomasia 换称代类名antonym反义词antonymy 反义(关系)app lied sociolinguistics应用社会语言学approp riacy 适宜性appropriateness 适宜性得体性app roximant 无摩擦延续音ap titude test 素质测试Arabic 阿拉伯语arbitrariness 任意性argument 中项中词主目article 冠词articulationarticulatorarticulatory语音学发音发音器官P honetics 发音artificial sp eechaspect 体aspi ratedassimilationassociative人工言语吐气送气同化联想associative meaning 联想意义assonance 准压韵半谐音attributive 属性修饰语binding theory 制约论categorical component 范畴成定语分blade 舌叶舌面前部auditory p honetics 听觉语音causative 使役的使投动词学blank verse 无韵诗center 中心词混成法authentic input 真实投入blendingcentral determiner 中心限定authorial style 权威风格borrowing 借用借词词authoring p rogram 1 编程bound morp heme 粘着语素chain relation 链状关系autonomy 自主性bounding theory 管辖论chain system 链状系统au xil iary 助词bracketing 括号法choice 选择auxiliary verb 助动词brevity maxim 简洁准则choice system 选择系统B bridging 架接circumstance 环境因子babbling stage 婴儿语阶段broad transcri ption 宽式音标class 词类back-formation 逆构词法broadening 词义扩大class shift 词性变换base compo nent 基础部分Brown corpus 布朗语料库clause 小句从句behavioural process 行为过程 C click 吸气音咂音behaviourism 行为主义calculability 可计算性cli pping 截断法bilabial 双唇音calque仿造仿造词语closed class 圭寸闭类bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音cancellability 可删除closed syllable 闭音节bilateral opp osition 双边对cardinal numeral 基数cluster 音丛立cardinal vowel 基本元音coarticulation 协同发音bilingualism 双语现象case 格coda结尾音节符尾binary division 二分法case grammar 格语法code语码信码binary feature 二分特征case theory 格理论cognitive p sychology 认知心理学binary taxonomy 二分分类学category 范畴binding 制约cognitive system 认知系统cohere nee 相关 关联 competenee 能力 computer networks 计算机网络compiementary antonym 互补反义词comp uter-assisted instruction, CAI计算机辅助communicative dynamism, CD交际性动力compound 复合词复合句comp rehension 理解communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲comp utational system计算系constant opposition不变对立cohension 衔接compiement 补语 comp uter system 计算机系统colligation 类连结教学collocative meaning 搭配意义compi ementary antonymy 互补反义关系color word 色彩词 compi ementary distribution互补分布comp uter-assisted learning,CALL计算机辅助语言学习color word system 色彩词系统 conative 意动的command 指令 common core 共核 common noun 普通名词 communication 交际 communicative comp etence 际能力complex p redicate复合谓语component 成分compo nential analysis 成分分composite proposition复合命 题comp ositionality复合性concept 概念conce ptual meaning概念意义concord 一致(关系)concordance 共现关系concrete noun具体名词concurrent 同时发生的communicative Sentence P attern, CSP交际性句子模式comp utationallinguistics算语言学 conjunction连接词conjunction词支撑buttressing 连接communicative test 交际性测 comp uter-assisted learning, CAL 计算机辅助学习consequent跟随成分consonance辅音韵communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法comp uter corpus 计算机语料库consonant 辅音comp uter hardware 计算机硬件comp arative degree比较级comp uter能力literacy计算机操作constative 表述的co-h yponym同下义词 conjugation词形变化comp utation 计算conjunct连接副词connotation内涵 compact disk 激光盘constituent command 成分指令conventional meaning义规约意义常规意creativity 创造性原创性constituent prop osition 成分Creole克里澳尔语混和语命题conventionality 常规性性〔规约cross-cultural communicationconstituent structure 跨文化交际analysis 成分结构分析conversational i mp licature会话含义cross-linguistic 跨语言的constituent 成分conversational maxim 会话准culturally-s pecific 文化特con struct 编制则异的construct validity 编制效度converse antonymy 相反反义curriculum 教学大纲现象construction 构建conversion 变换customizing 定制的constructivism 构建主义coop erative p rinc iple, CP 合Dcontent analysis 内容分析作原则dactyl 扬抑抑格content validity 内容效度coordinate construction 并列Dani language 达尼语结构content word 实义词coordination 并歹data retrieval, DR 资料检索context dep endent 语境依赖的coreferential 互参的database 数据库context of situation 情景语dative (case) 与格境coronal 舌面前音dative movement 与格移动context 语境corpus data 语料库语料declarative 陈述句contextual analyses 语境分析corpus (pl corpora) 语料素材decoding 解码contextual meaning 语境意义corpus linguistics 语料库语deductive 演绎的contrastive analysis 对比分析言学dee p structure 深层结构context 上下文control theory 控制理论countable 可数(名词)defeasibility 消除可行性controlled language 有控制的语言counterfactual prop ositiondefinite 有定的反事实命题degenerate data 无用的语料convention 常规规约couplet 对句对联deixis 指称delicacydenotation 夕卜延指称diphthong 二合元音双元音double comp arative 双重比较dental 齿音direct object 直接宾语drill-and-p ractice software dentalization 齿音化direct sp eech, DS 直接言语操练软件derivation 彳衍生direct thought, DT 直接思想D-structure D 结构derivational affix 彳衍生词汇directionality 方向性dual双数derivational morphology 派生discourse 语篇话语dualistic view 二分观点形态学duality 二重性descri ptive adequacy 描写充discourse analysis 语篇分析话语分析E分性discourse inter pretation 语early Modern English 早期现descri ptive linguistics 描写篇理解代英语语言学discrete 分离的离散的economy经济性简洁性design feature 结构特征discrete-po int grammar 离散ejective 爆发音determiner 限定词语法devel oping grammar 发展语法discrete po int test 分立性测electronic mail 电子邮件试Elizabethan English 伊利莎白deviant 变体时期英语deviation 偏离变异disjunction 分离关系elli psis 省略(法)devoicing 清音化dis pl acement 移位elli ptical sentence dissimilation 异化(作用)structure 省略句子结构diachronic linguistics 历时语言学distinctive feature 区另U性特embedded element 嵌入成分diachronic 历时的征emic位学的diacritic 附加符号变音符distinguisher 辩义成分emotive 感情的diagnostic test 诊断性测试do-insertion rule do 添加规则emp irical 经验主义的dialect 方言domain范围领域emp irical data 经验主义的语dialectology 方言学dorsal 舌背音舌中音料digitized sound 数字化语音dorsum 舌背(音)emp irical validity 经验效度emp iricism 经验主义empty category, EC 空范畴exchange structure 交际结构external evaluation 夕卜部评估enabling skills 使成技能化exhaustive 穷尽的彻底的external qualifier语外部修饰encoding 编码existent 存在物extrinsic sources of error 夕卜end rhyme 末端韵existential 存在句在的错误来源endocentric construction existential p rocess 存在过程eye movement眼部移动向结构entailment 蕴涵existential quantifier数量词存在face validity 卷面效度entry condition 入列条件exocentric 外向的facilitation 便利促epenthesis 插音增音exocentric construction 外向结构equip ollent opp osition 对立均等Fasoldexp eriential 经验的feasibility 可行性equivalence 相等exp eriential function能经验功feature 特征equivalence reliability 信度相等exp erimental feedback 反馈error analysis 错误分析p sycholinguistics 实验心理语言学felicity condition件恰当条件适宜性条EST科技英语expl anatory adequacy 解释充分性feminine 阴性ethnicity identity 民族认同ethnogra phy of exp licit grammar instruction,EGI明显的语法教学法fiction 小说communication 交际民族学etic非位的素的exp ression minimization最底程度表达figurative language 比喻性语言象征性语言event p rocess 事件过程exp ressive 表达的figures of sp eech 修辞手段修辞格exa mpl e-based machine translation 基于例句的机器extended standard theory, EST finite element有定成分翻译exchange error 交换错误扩展标准理论extensive 弓丨申的扩展的extent-condition format 程度finite 有定的有限的finite state grammar态语法有限状exchange sequence 交际序列条件格式first -p erson narrator 第一人free indirect thought, FIT 自fusion 溶合称叙述者由间接思想fuzzy模糊的Firthian p honology 弗斯音系free morpheme 自由语学素Gflap 闪音free root morp heme 自由词根gender difference 性另U差异语素flexibility 灵活性变通general linguistics 普通语言性free variant 自由变体学floppy disk 软盘free verse 自由韵文generalisation 概括focus 焦点中心French 法generative grammar 生成语法语folk etymology俗词源学民间generative semantics 生成语词源frequency effect 频率效言学应foregrounded features 突出特genitive属格所有格征fricative (摩)擦genre体裁语类foregrounding 突出前景friction 摩擦fully automatic high qualityform 形式translation, FAHQT 全自动高global task整体任务formal difference 形式差质量翻译glottal 喉音异function word 功能词glottal sto p 喉塞音formalizati on 形式化function 功能goal目标formati on 形成functional grammar 法功能语government theory 支配理论formative 构形成分构词成分functional linguistics语言学功能government 支配free form 自由形式functional sentencepersp ective, FSP 功能句子观grammatical analysis 语法分free indirect sp eech, FIS 自析由间接言语functions of language能语言功grammaticalfunction ;;German德语foreign language teaching 语教学front 舌面前舌前的given (information)息已给信Hopi Hopi 语能计算机辅助语言学习义关系统horizontal relation链状关系gradual opp osition渐次对 grammatical word 语法立 词Horn scale 霍恩阶grammatical category语法范graphitic form文字形式human cognitive system人类畴Gricean maxim Grice 准认知系统grammatical conce pt 语法概则 human language 人类语念group 词组言grammatical descri ption语法human speech 人类言语描写guttural 腭音human translation人grammatical form 语法形H译式half-rhyme 半韵hyp ercorrection矫枉过grammatical marker 语法标正记hard p alate 硬腭hyponym 下义词grammatical meaning 语法意 head 中心词 中心成分义headed construction中心结hyponymy 下义关系grammatical organization 语构hypo thesis假设法组成hep tameter 七音步诗行hypo thesis-deduction假设-grammatical p attern语法类演绎型hierarchical structure等级结构Igrammatical p rocess 语法过程hierarchical system等级系iamb 抑扬格统grammatical rule语法规iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音则hierarchy等级体系 步诗行grammatical sentence p attern, high 高(元音)IC analysis 直接成分分析GSP 语法句形historical linguistics历史法grammatical structure 语法结语言学ICALL (intelligent CALL)智gradable antonymy 分等级的反grammatical systemgrammatical structure结构 语法grammatical subject语语法主 homonym 同音/形异议词语法系holop hrastic stage单词句阶段ideational (function) 概念功imp lied meaning 蕴涵意义inflectional morphology 屈折形态学identifying 认同的imp losive 内破裂音:音内爆inflective endings尾屈折结idiom 成语习语inanimate 无生命的information retrieval 信息检idiomatically-governed 支配的习语inclusiveness relation意义ill-formed sentences 不合适indefinite 不定的, 无定内包information structure 信息结的句子illocutionary act 话中行为indicative 陈述式陈述语informative (function)功能信息施为性行为innateness 先天性illocutionary force 言外作用indirect object 间接宾施为作用innateness hypo thesis天赋假设(语法)imaginative (function) 想象indirct sp eech, IS 间接言功能input 输入immediacy assu mp tion 定即时假indirect thought, IT想心、间接思input hypo thesis 语言输入说immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析Indo-European languages 印欧语言instrumental (function) 工具功能inference 推论推imp erative rule 祈使规则integrative test试综合性测inference drawing 推论intensifier 强调成分imp erative 的祈使语气命令inferential communication intensive 强调的增强imp licate 意含imp lication 蕴涵含imp lication connective 连接蕴涵论交际infinitive不定式interactional (function)互功能infix 中缀inflection 屈折(变化)interdental 齿间音in terface 界面implicature 含义言外之意inflectional affix 屈折词in terfere nee 干扰interjection 感叹invariable word 不变词Kuno, Susumo词invention 新创词语Linterlanguage 中介语inversion 倒置,倒装label 标示标记interlingua 国际语IPA chart 国际音标图labial 唇音interlingual app roach 语际IPS symbol国际音标符号labiodental 唇齿法:音irony 讽刺反话interlocutor 会话者language 语isolated opp osition 孤立对言internal evaluation 内部评立估language acquisition device,Italian 意大利语LAD语言习得机制internal structure 内部结构J language attitude语言态度international p honeticJapanese 日语alphabet, I PA 国际音language choice 语言选择标jargon 黑话行语language comp rehension 语言internet 互联网Jes person, Otto理解inter personal 人际Johnson & Johnson language data 语言素材句kernel sentence 核心句理intonation 语调keyword关键词language structure 语言结intra-linguistic relation 语knowledge 知识构言内关系known information 已知信language system统语言系intransitive 不及物的息intrinsic sources of error 错Krashenlanguage teaching学语言教误的内源Kruszewski, Mikolaj language p rocessinginterrogative sentence Johnsoninter personal function 功能人际Jones,Danielinter pretation 解释language learning 语言学习language maintenance护语言维语言处疑问language universal 语言普遍性lexical studies 词汇研究linguistic determinism 语言决定论language use 语言使lexical word 词汇词linguistic facts 语言事用lexicogrammar 词汇语实langue语言(系法linguistic relativity 语言相统)lexicon 词汇词对性larynx 喉头典linguistic sexism 语言性别歧视lateral 边音旁流音lexis 词linguistic structure 语言结Latin 拉丁语liaison 连音连续构limerick 打油诗linguistic theory 语言理论Latin grammar 拉丁语line诗行法linguistic unit 语言单linear p honology 线性音系位lax vowel 松元音学linguistic universal 语言普length 长度音linear structure 线形结遍性长构linguistic variation 语言变letter 字母linguistic university语言普遍性异level 层,级,平面linguistics 语言linguistic behaviour 语言行学Levinson, Step hen 为lip rounding 圆唇化lexeme 词位词素linguistic behaviourpo tential 语言行为潜势literal language 本义语lexical ambiguity 词汇歧言义linguistic competence 语言能力literary stylistics 文学文体lexical change 词汇变化linguistic context 语言语境学lexical level 词汇层上下文loan translation 翻译借词lexical meaning 词汇意linguistic data 语言素loanblend 混合借词义材loanshift 转移借词lexical morp hology 词汇形态linguistic descri ption 语言学描写loa nword 借词local area networks, LAN machine translation 机器翻域网meaning po tential 意义潜势locutionary act 述性言语行为发话行为,表macrolinguistics学宏观语言meaning shift 转移meaning 意logical compo nent 分逻辑成macro prop osition题宏观命logical connective 词逻辑连macrostructure 宏观结构mental (p rocesss)思维过程心理过程main clause 主句logical form compo nent 逻辑式成分mentalism 心灵主义Malinowski,Bronislaw message 信息logical form rep resentation逻辑式表达metafunction 元功logical formula 逻辑公式man-machine symbiosis 人机共metalinguistic 元语言logical function能逻辑功manner maxim方式准贝Umanner of articulation 发音metaphor 隐喻logical semantics 逻辑语义方式metathesis 换位(作用)logical structure 逻辑结logical subject 逻辑主语logop horicity 词照应London School 伦敦学long vowed 长元loss of sound 语音脱落loudness 响度marked标记masculine 阳性matalinguistic 元语言学的material (p rocess) 物质过程mathematical p rinc iples原理maxim准则maximal onset p rinc iple节首辅音原数学最大metonymy换喻转喻metre 韵律metrical p atterning式microco mpu ter 微机韵律格microp rocessor 微处理器mid中(元音)mind思维minimal attachment theory 最少接触理论minimal pair 最小对立体minimalist p rogram morphemic structure 词素结multilingualism 多语制多语构现象minimum free form 最小自由形式morp hemic transcri ption 词素标音Nmirror maxim 镜像准则morp hological change 形态变narratee 被叙述者mistake 错误化narrator 叙述者modal subject 语气主语morp hological rule 形态规narrator ' s representation则of sp eech acts, NRSA 言语行modal verb 情态动词morphology 形态为的叙述者表达modality 情态学narrator ' s representation of speech, NRS 言语的叙述者modern French 现代法语morpho-phonemic component 形表达modification 修态音位成分narrator ' s representation饰morphophonemics 形态音位of thought acts, NRTA 思维行modifier 修饰语学为的叙述者表达monomorp hemic 单语素的morphophonology 形态音系学narrator ' s representation ofthought, NRT 思维的叙述者monop honemic单音位的morpho-syntactical change 形表达monop hthong 单元音态句法变化narrow transcri ption 窄式音标monosyllabic 单音节的mother tongue 母语本族语narrowing 狭窄化Motague grammar 蒙太古语motivation 动因动nasal 鼻音法机nasal cavity 鼻腔mood语气move (移动)nasal sound 鼻音morph形素词素形式MT机器翻译nasal stop 鼻塞音morpheme语素词素形素MT quality 机译质量nasal tract 鼻道multilateral oppo sition 多边nasality 鼻音性morp heme-exchange error 词素对立nasalization 鼻音化交错误multi-level phonology 多层次morphemic shape 词素形状音系学Nash, Walternative sp eaker 者操本族语nominative 主格noun P hrase 名词短语non-authentic input 非真实语natural language言自然语料的输入noun 名naturalistic data 自然语non-contrastive analysis对比性分析number system 数字系统non-conventionality 非规约near-adult grammar法近成人语number数字negation 构否定否定结non-detachability性非可分离object 宾语negative 否定的non-linear p honology音系学非线性object-deletion略宾语省negative 扰interference 负面干non-linguistic entity 非语言实体objective case 宾格negative marker 否定标记non-pulm onic sound 非肺闭塞objectivity客观性negative transfer 负转non-rec ip rocal discourse obligatory 强制性交替性语篇observational adequacy 观察neogrammarian 新语法学家non-reflexive pronoun 非反身充分性代词network 网络abstruction 阻塞network compu ter 网络计算机nonsense word stage 无意义词语阶段OCRscanner光学字符阅读器扫描仪nonverbal cues 非言语提neutralizable opp osition中立对立octametre 八音步诗行new information 新信息norm规范Old English古英语notation system 标写系one-pl ace p redicate一位谓new stylistics学新文体node 节nominal group 名词词组nominalization 名词化notion 意念on-line translation在线翻notional-functional意念功能教学大纲syllabusonomatopoeia 拟声onset节首辅音open class 开放类open syllable 开音节palatal 腭音舌面中:音p alatal-alveolar 腭齿龈pause停顿p eak (节)峰perceptual span 感知时距op erational system 操作系palatalization (硬)腭化p erfectionism 完善主义统paradigm 聚合体p erfective 完成体op erative 可操作性p aradigmatic relation 聚合关p erformance test 语言运用测op erator 操作词系试opp ositeness relation 对立关p erformance 语言运系paraphrase 释义意用opp osition 对立译p arole 言语p erformative (verb)行事性动op timal relevance 最适宜关词联part of sp eech 词类p erlocutionary act 话后行op tion 选择为op tional 可选择的p artic ip ant 参与者p erseverative coarticulationoral cavity 口腔particle 小品词语助重复性协同发音词person 人称oral stop 口阻塞音p articular grammar 特定语的personal (function) 自指性功ordinal numeral 序数词语法能origin of language 语言起partitive 部分的部分pharyngeal 咽头音喉音源格orthogra phy 正字法p assive transformation 被动pharynx 喉头转换p hatic (communion)寒暄交谈ostensive communication 直示交感性谈交际p assive (voice) 被动语话out put 产出态phone音素音子overgeneralization 过分法贝U p attern drill technique 句型操练法P honematic unit 音声单化位p attern 模式p atterning 制定模式p honeme 音位phonology 音系学po lysyllabic 多音节(词)p hrasal verb 短语动po lysystemic analysis 多系统p honetic alp habet 音标词分析p honetic form compo nent 语音phrase 短语P ortugese葡萄牙语形式部分p hrase structure 短语结p ositive transfer 正移phonetic similarity 语音相似构转性p hrase structure grammar 短possessive 所有的属有phonetic symbol 语音符号语结构语法的p honetic transcri ption 标音p hrase structure rule, PS p ossible grammar 可能语言的(法) rule短语结构规语法p honetics 语音则p ostalveolar 后齿龈学pidgin 皮软语洋泾滨语不纯p honological analysis 音位分正外语p ost-Bloomfieldian析Pitch 音高声调高低linguistics 后布龙菲尔德语p honological compo nent 音位pl ace of articulation 发音部言学部分位p ostdeterminer 后限定p honological level 音系play剧本词层post-structuralist view 后纟吉p losion 爆破构主义观点p honological p rocess 音位过程plosive 爆破音爆发音p ragmatic inference 语用推p honological rep resentation p lural 复数论音位表达p ragmatic roles 语用角p luralism 多元主义色p honological rule 音位规则plurality复数形式p ragmatics 语用学p honological structure 音位p oetic (function) 诗学功P rague School 布拉格学结构能派p honological system 音位系poetry 诗歌p redeterminer 前限定词统polymorp hemic (word) 多语素p redicate calculus 谓语演p honological variant 音位变词算Q-p rinci pie质量原则p re-editing预先编辑译前力n立表缺对立 P rose style 散文风格工Process 过程P rosodic analysis节律分析 prefix 前缀P roduction error产生性错超音质分析pre-modified input 预修正的误 P sycholinguistics心理语言输入P roductivity多产学p remodifier前修饰语性P sycholinguistic-sociolingu istic approach 心理-社会语言prep osition 介词P roficiency test水平测 试学方法prep ositional calculus介词P sychologicalreality 心理现演算Pro-form代词形式替代形实式prep ositional logic介词逻P sychologicalsubject 心理主辑P rogramming language编程语语言prep ositional opp osition介P sychology of language语言词对立P rogressive进行体 心理学prep ositional p hrase介词短P rogressive assimilation顺P sychometric-structuralist 语同化approach 心理测定-结构主义法p rescri ptive规定P rojectionrule投射规贝 U式prono minal 代词pulm onic sound肺闭塞音presupp osition前提 预设pronoun 代Putonghua 普通话p rimary cardinal vowel主要 词Q基本兀音pron unciation 发Q-based imp licature 基于质量primary stress 主重音第一重:音的含义p rivative opp osition P redicate logic谓语逻辑p rinc iple of informativeness信息性原则pron unciation dictionary 音词典p redicate 语princi pie of least effort 省力原则pron unciation 发音P redicator谓语 (动)词prop ortionaloppo sition部分p redictive validity 度预测效p rinc iple of quantity 则数量原对立 prop osition命题表非对quality 质量recall 回忆received pron unciation, RP标准发音receiver 受话者信息接受者recency effect 近期效应relation maxim 关系准则relational opp osite立relational p rocess程关系对关系过quality maxim 质量准recognition 识另U relative clause 关系分句关则recurs ion 可溯系从句quantifier 数量词relative pronoun 关系代recursive 可溯的还原词quantitative analysis 定量分的析relative uninterr up tibilityrecursiveness 递归性相对的非间断性quantitative p aradigm 化表数量变reference 所指参照relevance theory 关联理论quantity maxim 数量准referential meaning 所指意则义reliability 信度quatrain 四行referen tial theory 所指理诗论rep etition 重复R referential 所指的rep resentational system 表达range范围reflected meaning 反映意系统义rep resentational 表达实rank 级reflexive (form) 反身形体rationalism 理性主义式residue 剩余成分raw data 原始素材regional dialect 地域方restricted language 限制性语言言R-based im plicature 基于关联的涵义register语域retrieval p rocess 检索过程reader 读者regressive assimilation 逆同化retrieval system 检索系reading comprehension 解阅读理regulatory (function) 控制性统语言功能retroflex sound 卷舌音realisation 体现reverse rhyme 反陨revised extended standard scheme-oriented language 面semantics 语义学theory, REST 修正扩展标准理向图式的语言论second language acquisitionsemi-consonant 半辅音rewriting rules 重写规贝U 第二语言习得semiotic system符号系统rheme述位secondary cardinal vowel次要基本元音semiotics 符号学rhetorical skill 修辞技能secondary stress 次重音semi-vowel 半元音rhyme 韵韵角压韵segment 音段sense relation 意义关系rhythm韵律节奏selection restriction 选择限sense意义Roman alp habet letter 罗马字制sentence句子母selectional rules 选择规sentence fragments 句子成分root 词根则sentence meaning 句义root morpheme 词根语素self-reflexive 自反身sentence memory 句子记忆round vowel 圆元音semantic association network语义关联网络sentence stress 句重音R-p rinci pie 关联原则semantic change 语义变化sentence structure 句子结构rule system 规则系统semantic compo nent 语义部sentential calculus 句子演算rule-based approaches 基于规则的方法分setting 场景rules of language 语言规贝U sema ntic feature 特征sibilant 咝擦音S semantic interpretation 语义解释sign 符号sameness relation 相同关系semantic inter pretativesignified 所指受指Sanskrit 梵文rules语义解释规则signifier 能指施指Sap ir-Whorf Hyp othesis 萨丕semantic p rocess 语义过程simile 明喻尔-沃夫假设semantic representation 语义表达simultaneity 同时性Saussure 索绪尔semantic sentence p attern,singular 单数scale of delicacy 精密阶SSP语义句型situational context 情景语境schema图式semantic triangle 语义三角situational level 情景层situational syllabus 情景教sound system 语音系统sp oken language translation学大纲口语翻译sound wave 音波situational variation 情景变spondee扬扬格异speaker' s meaning 说话者意义spoonerism 首音互换斯本内现象slot 空缺speech言语spread 展元音social role 社会角色sp eech act theory 言语行为理social semiotic 社会符号学论S-structure 表层结构socio-cultural role 社会文化sp eech community 言语社团stability 稳定性角色sp eech comp rehension 言语理stability reliability 稳定性解效度sociolinguistic study oflanguage语言的社会语言学研言语事件Standard English 标准英语究sp eech eventsociolinguistic study ofsp eech function 言语功能standard theory 标准理论society 社会的社会语言学研言语方式standardization 标准化究speech mode统计分sociolinguistics 社会语言学sp eech organ 言语器官statistical analysis析sociological approach 社会学sp eech p erce ption 言语感知status 地位方法sp eech p resentation 言语表达stem词干soft p alate 软腭sp eech p roduction ; 言语产生stimulus 刺激solidarity 团结sp eech research 言语研究stimulus-res po nse 朿Q激反应sonnet 十四行诗sp eech role 言语角色stop 闭塞音sonorant 响音sp eech sound 语音stored knowledge 储存知识sonority scale 响音阶sp eech synthesis 言语合成sound语音strategic knowledge 学习策略spelling 拼写,拼法知识sound image 语音图像sp lit infinitives 分裂的不定stratification 层式sound p attern 语音模式stream of consciousness 意识sound segment 音段sp oken corpus 口语语料库流stress p attern 重音模式substitution 替换syntactic marker 句法标记stress 重音suffix 后缀syntactic p rocess 句法过程structural analysis 结构分析sup erlative degree 最高级syntactic restriction 句法限制上坐标词structural (structuralist) sup erordinategrammar结构语法syntactic structure 句法结构sup rasegmental feature 超语structural syllabus 结构教学段特征syntactical change 变化大纲surface form 表层形式syntagmatic relation 组合关structural test 结构测试系surface rep resentation 表层structuralism 结构主义表达syntax 句法structuralist linguistics 纟吉surface structure 表层结构system network 系统网络构主义语言学syllabic structure 音节结构system of signs 符号系统structuralist view 结构主义观点syllabification 音节划节system of systems 系统的系统style 文体风格syllable 音节systemic(grammar) 系统语法stylistic analysis 文体分析syllabus design 教学大纲设systemic-functional Grammar,计SFG系统功能语法stylistics 文体学syllabus 教学大纲subcategorize 次范畴syllogism 三段论法Tsubject 主语symbol符号tacit knowledge 默契的知识subject-deletion 主语省略synchronic (linguistics) 共tagmeme 法位subjective test 主观性测试时(语言学)tagmemics法位学subjectivity 主观性synonym同义词tap —次接触音subjunctive mood 虚拟语气synonymous 同义的target language 目标语言subordinate construction 从synonymy同义现象属结构tautology 同义反复冗辞syntactic compo nent 句法部分模块subordination 从属temp latesyntactic features 句法特征紧元音substitutability 替代性tense vowelsyntactic function 句法功能tense 时态tongue height 舌高trochee抑扬格长短格test content 测试内容tongue p osition 舌位trope转喻隐喻test form 测试形式tongue ti p 舌尖truth condition 真值条件testee 受试者top ic 主题truth value 真值testing 测试trace theory 轨迹论tu/vous distinction 你/ 您区别test-retest reliability 一测traditional grammar 传统语法再测信度transcribed 标音turn length 话语轮次长度tetrameter 四音步诗行transcription 音标标音turn quantity 话语轮次数量text 语篇transfer 移转turn-taking 依次发言text comp rehension 语篇理解transfer app roach 移转法two-pl ace p redicate 二位谓语text encoding 语篇编码transformation 转换two-word utterance 二词话语text interpretation 语篇解释transformation oftyp ology 类型学text style 语篇风格interrogation 疑问转换Utextual organization 语篇组transformational compo nent Unas pirated 不松气的织转换部分、transformationaltextual 语篇功能grammar转换语法underlying form底层形式transformational p rocess 转underlying rep resentation底theme主位换过程层表达theoretical linguistics 理论transformational rule 转换规uninterru ptibility 非中断性语言学则universal grammar, UG 普遍语third-p erson narrator 第三人transformational-generative 法称叙述者grammar, TG grammar 转换生成语法universal quantifier 普遍限thought p resentation 思想表量词达transitivity 及物性universal 普遍现象three-pl ace p redicate 三位谓translation 翻译语tree diagram 树形图universality 普遍性tone 声调音调universals of language 语言trill 颤音的普遍现象。

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语言学常用术语英汉对照表Chapter 1 Introduction to Linguistics语言学简介1、anthropological linguistics 人类语言学2、applied linguistics应用语言学3、arbitrariness任意性4、petence 语言能力5、putational linguistics计算机语言学6、cultural transmission 文化传递性7、descriptive(grammar) 描写(语法)8、descriptive function描写功能9、design features识别特征10、diachronic linguistics历时语言学11、duality二重性12、displacement不受时空限制得特征13、emotive function表情功能14、expressivefunction表达功能15、general linguisitcs 普通语言学16、ideational function概念功能17、interpersonal function人际功能18、langue语言19、linguistics [liŋ'gwistiks] 语言学20、morphology 形态学21、mathematical linguistics 数理语言学22、metalinguistic function23、neurologicallinguistics 神经语言学24、phonetics语音学25、phonology 音系学26、pragmatics 语用学27、prescriptive(grammar)规定(语法)28、psycholinguistics心理语言学29、parole言语30、performance语言运用31、productivity能产性32、poetic function诗学功能33、phatic munion 交感性谈话34、referential function所指功能35、semantics语义学36、social function社会功能37、socio-linguistics 社会语言学38、synchroniclinguistics共时语言学39、syntax句法学40、textual function语篇功能41、Traditional Grammar传统语法Chapter 2 Phonology 音系学1、acousticphonetics声学语音学2、articulatory phonetics发音语音学3、affricate破擦音4、allophone音位变体5、alveolar齿龈音6、auditory phonetics听觉语音学7、aspiration送气8、assimilationrules同化现象9、back vowel后元音10、bilabial双唇音11、broad transcription宽式音标12、central vowel中元音13、close vowel闭元音14、plementarydistribution互补分布15、deletion rules省略规则16、dental齿音17、diphthong双元音18、fricative摩擦音19、front vowel前元音20、glide滑音21、glottal声门音22、hard palate硬腭23、InternationalPhonetics Alphabet国际音标24、intonation语调25、labiodental唇齿音26、liquid流音27、manner ofarticulation发音方式28、minimal pair 最小对立体29、minimalset最小对立组30、monophthong单元音31、narrow transcription严式音标32、nasal鼻音33、nasalcavity鼻腔34、open vowel开元音35、oral cavity口腔36、palatal硬腭37、pharyngealcavity咽腔38、place of articulation发音部位39、phone因素40、phoneme音素41、phonemic contrast音位对立42、rounded vowel元唇元音43、semi-close vowel半闭元音44、semi-openvowel半开元音45、sequential rules序列规则46、segment切分成分47、segmentation切分48、soft palate软腭49、stop塞音50、stress重音51、suprasegmentalfeatures超切分特征52、teeth ridge齿龈53、tone声调54、unrounded vowel非圆唇元音55、uvula小舌56、velar软腭音57、velum软腭58、voicing浊音化Chapter 3 Morphology 形态学1、affix词缀2、allomorph语素变体3、base词基4、bound morpheme黏着语素5、lexicon词汇6、closed classwords封闭词类7、pound words 合成词8、derivation派生;派生过程9、derivational morphem派生语素10、free morpheme自由语素11、inflectionalmorpheme屈折语素12、infinitive marker不定式标记13、morph形素14、morphological rules形态规则15、open classwords开放词类16、root词根17、stem词干Chapter 4Syntax 句法学1、auxiliary助动词2、category范畴3、plement补足语;补充成分4、plement clause补足分句5、coordinationrule并列规则6、coordinate structure并列结构7、deep structure深层结构8、determiner限定词9、head中心词10、head movement中心词移位11、insertion插入12、inversion倒装13、majorlexical categories主要词汇范畴14、matrix clause主句15、minor lexical categories次要词汇范畴16、phrase structure短语结构17、modifier修饰成分18、qualifier后置修饰成分19、specifier标志语20、subcategorization次范畴化21、surface structure表层结构22、syntactic category句法范畴23、trace语迹24、transformation转换Chapter5Semantics语义学1、antonymy反义现象2、argument谓元;变元3、behaviorism行为主义4、co-hyponym并列下义词5、collocationalsynonym搭配同义词6、plementaryantonym互补反义词7、pletehomonym完全同形异义词8、ponential analysis成分分析9、conceptualist view概念论10、contextualism语境主义11、contradition自相矛盾得说法12、dialectal synonym方言同义词13、emotive meaning情感意义14、entailment蕴含15、evaluative meaning评价意义16、gradable antonym层级反义词17、homograph同形异义词18、homonymy同音同形异义关系19、homophone同音异义词20、hyponym下义词21、hyponymy下义关系22、inconsistency自相矛盾23、polysemy多义关系24、polysymous word多义词25、presupposition预设26、predication analysis述谓分析27、predicate谓词28、namingtheory命名论29、no-place predicaiton空位述谓解耦股30、one-placepredication一位述谓结构31、reference(所指)语义32、referent所指物;所指对象33、relational opposite关系反义词34、semantic triangle语义三角35、sense意义36、stylistic synonym语体同义词37、superordinate上坐标词38、symbol符号39、synonym同义词40、synonymy同义关系41、two-place predicaiton二位述谓结构42、three-place predication三位述谓结构Chapter6 Pragmatics语用学1、missives承诺类2、CooperativePrinciple合作原则3、constatives述事话语4、context语境5、conventional implicature规约含义6、declarations宣告类7、directives指令类8、expressives表情类9、illocutionaryact言外功能10、illocutionary point言外之得11、implicature蕴含;含义;会话含义;言外之意12、indirectspeech act间接言语行为13、locutionary act言内行为14、maximofrelation关系准则15、maximof manner方式准则16、maxim of quality质准则17、maximofquantity量准则18、particularized conversational implicature特殊会话含义19、perfomatives行事话语20、perlocutionaryact言后行为21、presupposition前提22、primaryspeechact 主要言语行为23、representatives表述类24、secondary speechact次要言语行为25、sentence meaning句子意义26、speechacttheory言语行为理论27、utterance meaning话语意义Chapter 7 LanguageChange语言变化1、acronyms词首字母缩略词2、back-formation 逆成法3、blending混成法4、borrowing借词5、clipped words截略词6、coinage创新词7、functionalshift功能性变化8、historical linguistics历史语言学9、MiddleEnglish中世纪英语10、Modern English现代英语11、morphologicalchange形态变化12、negation rule否定规则13、Old English古英语14、phonological change音位变化15、semantic change语义变化16、semanticshift语义转移17、syntactic change句法变化Chapter 8 Languageand society语言与社会1、bilingualism双语制2、Black English黑人英语3、creole克里奥尔语4、diglossia双语;双言制5、ethnic dialect种族变体6、field of discourse语场7、gender性别8、idiolect个人变体9、mode ofdiscourse语式10、multilingualism多语制11、pidgin洋泾浜语12、regionaldialect地域方言13、register语域14、sociolect社会变体15、speechmunity言语社团16、speech variety言语变体17、tenor of discourse语旨Chapter 9Language andculture语言与社会1、acculturation 同化过程2、amalgamation混合3、assimilation同化(现象);同化(作用)4、connotativemeaning内涵意义5、colour words颜色词6、culturaloverlap文化重叠7、culturalimperialism文化帝国主义8、denotative meaning外延意义9、linguistic relativity语言相对性10、metaphor隐喻11、Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis萨丕尔——沃尔夫假说12、socialization社会化13、taboo禁忌语14、intercultural munication跨文化交际15、linguisticimperialism语言学中得帝国主义16、linguisticnationalism语言学中得民族主义Chapter 10 Language acquisition语言习得1、aphasia失语症2、behaviorist 行为主义者3、caretaker talk保姆式语言4、cognitivelinguistics认知语言学5、content word实词6、Critical PeriodHypothesis临界期假说7、dysgraphia书写困难8、dyslexia失读症9、feedback反馈10、function element起功能作用成分11、hearing impairment听力受损12、innatist语法天生主义者13、interactionist互动主义者14、LanguageAcquisition Device语言习得机制15、lexicalcontrast词汇对比16、mental retardation智障17、motherese保姆式语言18、over-extension过度扩展19、prototype theory原型理论20、recast修正性重复21、stuttering口吃22、telegraphic speech电报式言语23、under-extension扩展不足24、Universal Grammar普遍语法Chapter 11Second languageacquisition第二语言习得1、affect/social strategies社会策略2、ageofacquisition习得年龄3、cognitivestrategies认知策略4、prehensibleinput可理解性输入5、Constrastive Analysis对比分析6、cross-association互相联想7、Error Analysis错误分析8、foreign language外语9、foreigner talk外国人谈话10、fossilization语言石化(现象)11、Input Hypothesis输入假说12、instrumental motivation工具动机13、intake 纳入14、integrativemotivation综合动机15、interference干扰16、interlanguage中介语17、interlingual errors语际错误;受母语影响得错误18、Intralingual error语内错误19、intrinsic motivation内在动机20、intuition知觉;语感21、learnerlanguage学习者语言22、learning strategies学习策略23、language aptitude语言能力24、languagetransfer语言迁移25、metacognitive strategies元认知策略26、motivation动机27、modified input修改后得输入28、modified interaction变化性得互动29、negative transfer消极迁移;负迁移30、overgeneralization概括过头31、personality人格;性格;个性32、positive transfer积极迁移;正迁移33、resultativemotivation结果动机34、secondlanguage第二语言35、secondlanguage acquisition第二语言习得36、teacher talk教师谈话37、target language目标语Chapter 12Language and the brain 语言与大脑1、acquired dysgraphia习得性书写障碍2、acquired dyslexia习得性失读症3、angular gyrus隅骨4、autopsy studies尸检研究5、brain stem脑干6、Broca’s aphasia布罗卡失语症7、Broca’s area布罗卡区8、bottom-up processing自下而上处理过程cerebrum大脑9、central sulcus中央沟10、cerebellum小脑脑向背侧突出得一个较大得部分,尤与肌肉得共济运动与维持身体平衡有关11、cerebral hemisphere大脑半球12、cohort model交股模型13、putarized Axial Tomography计算机化轴向层面X射线摄影法14、corpus(语言)素材15、corpuscallosum胼胝体16、cortex大脑皮层17、deep dyslexia深层诵读困难18、Dichotic listening studies双耳分听实验19、event-related potential experiment20、eye movementexperiment眼动实验21、fissure裂缝;裂隙22、fluent aphasia流利性失语症23、frontal lobe额叶(大脑半球得前部,其下部位于颅前窝,后界中央沟24、Functional MRI功能磁共振成像25、garden path sentence花园路径句26、global aphasia整体性失语症27、gyrus回28、hierarchical structure层级结构29、late closure principle后封闭原则;晚封闭原则30、lateral fissure侧脑裂31、lateralization侧化32、lesion损害33、lexicaldecision词汇判断;词汇确定法34、lobes叶,身体器官得由表面得沟裂分出得部分35、longitudinalfissure纵裂36、MagneticResonance Imaging磁共振成像37、neuron神经细胞,神经元38、minimalattachment principle最低限度结合原则39、module模块;组块40、non-fluent aphasia失语症41、occipital lobe枕叶大脑半球得后叶,呈三面得锥形, 与前方得顶叶与下方得颞叶没有明显得界限42、parietal lobe顶叶Positron emission Tomography正电子发射X射线层析照相术;计算机辅助正电子发射断层扫描技术43、phologicaldyslexia拼音性失读症44、priming启动45、priming effect启动效应46、priming experiment启动实验47、right earadvantage右耳优势;右耳听力强48、selectional restriction选择限制49、sentenceambiguity句子歧义50、“Sodium Amystal“Test阿米妥纳实验Spoonerism斯本内现象51、splitbrain studies裂脑研究52、sulcus沟53、surface dyslexia浅层诵读困难54、syntactic parser句法处理器55、temporallobe颞叶56、timed-reading experiment限时阅读实验57、top-down processing自上而下处理过程58、Wernicke’s aphasia韦尼克失语症。

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