土壤PH值改良

如何用硫磺降低土壤PH 值

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发表于 2011-2-16 15:14:16

翻译：寇屹

Loweri ng Soil pH with Sulfur.

如何用硫磺降低土壤 PH 值

Blueberries prefer acid soils with a pH of 4.5 to 5.5. With the popularity of blueberries many

people are interested in quickly adjusting their soil pH. Acidify ing soil is not an exact scie nee; this han dout is just a guide. The cheapest way to lower the soil pH is to add elemental sulfur to the soil and allow soil bacteria to change the sulfur to sulfuric acid, lowering the soil pH.

要求的土壤PH 值在4.5到5.5之间。随着蓝莓受欢迎度 PH 值更感兴趣。酸化土壤不是一门严谨科学，而这篇文章 PH 值的最低成本是向土壤里面添加元素硫，通过土壤细 菌将硫磺变成硫磺酸，降低土壤 PH 值。

Table 1. Elemental sulfurl needed to lower pH to 4.5 (lb/acre) 表1 需要使用元素硫1降低PH 值到4.5 (磅/英亩) Soil type 土壤类型 Curre nt pH

Sa nd Loam Clay 现在PH 值

沙土 壤土 黏土 5.0

175 530 800 5.5

350 1030 1600 6.0

530 1540 2300 6.5 660 2020 3030 7.0

840 2560 3830 1To substitute ferrous sulfate, multiply by 8.

1要代替硫酸亚铁，乘以8

If soil pH is greater than 5.5, apply adequate elemental sulfur (S) to decrease the soil pH to 4.5 (see Table 1). Spring application and incorporation work best. Soil bacteria convert the sulfur to sulfuric acid lowering the soil pH. It is importa nt to note that this is a biological process (slow) and not a chemical reaction (rapid). This process occurs when the bacteria are active,

when the soil is moist and warm. The soil temperature n eeds to be above 55F. The bacteria are not active in the win ter so fall applicati ons of sulfur have no affect on the soil

pH next spring. In addition, the soil must not be flooded （anaerobic ） or the sulfur is converted to

hydrogen sulfide （rotten egg smell ） by anaerobic bacteria. Hydrogen Sulfide will kill the roots of plants 蓝莓适合在酸性土壤中生长,

的提升，更多人对快速改良土壤

也仅仅起一个引导作用。降低土壤

including blueberries. Irrigate if the field becomes dry to moisten the soil but do not over irrigate the soil. This causes flooding and anaerobic conditions. Most Michigan irrigation water is high in alkalinity （dissolved lime） and will gradually raise the soil pH.

如果土壤PH值大于5.5 ,通过添加足量的元素硫将土壤PH值降低到4.5 （查看表1 ）。

春季混合使用效果绝佳。也可通过土壤细菌将硫磺变成硫磺酸，降低土壤PH值。重要提示：

这只是一个生物过程（慢）而不是一个化学反应（快），而且这一过程只有在细菌活跃、土壤温暖潮湿且土壤温度达到55 华氏度以上的状态下才能生效。由于细菌在冬季处于不活跃状态，所以在秋天添加硫磺对来年春天的土壤PH值毫无意义。此外，不能水浸土壤（细菌

等能在无空气状态下生长），否则厌氧细菌会将硫磺转化成氢化硫（臭鸡蛋味）。氢化硫会杀死包括蓝莓在内的植物根系。如果需要灌溉干旱土壤，千万不能超量灌溉，这会导致过多水浸和产生厌氧菌。密歇根州大部分喷灌水碱性过高（溶化后的石灰），这将逐渐提升土壤PH值。

The amount of sulfur required is very dependent on soil texture. This is because clay and organic matter act as a buffer, absorbing and releasing mineral ions. Relatively little sulfur is needed on sands, whereas soils high in clay or organic matter require much more. It is important to apply and incorporate sulfur at least a year before planting to allow the sulfur time to react and lower the soil pH before planting.

硫磺的需求量非常依赖于土壤质地，这是因为黏土和有机物起到一个缓冲作用，吸收和释放矿物离子。相对而言，沙土需要少量的硫磺，而黏性或有机物高的土壤需要的硫磺更多。重要的是在种植至少一年前添加硫磺，这样在种植前硫磺就有时间起反应来降低土壤PH值。

If large changes in pH are needed, do not assume that the change can be completed in a short time. Sulfur cannot be easily incorporated to change the soil pH quickly after plants are present. Surface-applied sulfur will provide the samepH reduction as incorporated material, but takes a longer time, Check soil pH again just before planting and apply additional sulfur if needed. Do not apply more than 400 lb sulfur per acre to established plantings at one time. When large amounts are needed, spread the application out over several years.

如果土壤PH值需要大幅度改良的话，短时间内很难完成改良。一旦完成种植后，硫磺就很难快速溶入土壤改变土壤PH值。表面硫磺和混合材料一样可以降低PH值，但耗时较长。

在种植前，再次检查土壤PH值，如果有需要的话，可以添加额外的硫磺。每次每英亩种植

地不能添加多于400 磅的硫磺。当需要多量时，可以经过几年时间完成实际应用。

Ferrous sulfate also decreases soil pH, but it is more costly to use than sulfur. Eight times as much ferrous sulfate is needed than elemental sulfur since we are not creating an acid in the soil but adding a salt that disassociates into