最新小学英语动词及专项训练

小学英语动词及专项训练
1.动词的定义：表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。

表示动词的词如ask ,walk 等
2.动词的分类：
（1）实义动词又叫行为动词，能独立做谓语：如open，hold , learn （2）系动词又称连系动词，不能独立做谓语，后边必须接表语组成系表结构，说明主语
的状态、性质、特征等：be 动词
（3）助动词，主要协助动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫做助动词。

它本身没有词义，和实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态，也可构成否定或疑问结构：do、will、should、would
（4）情态动词，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应
该或必要等。

由于词义不完全，不能单独作谓语，要后接动词完成谓语部分：must、can、could、may、will
3.动词的基本形式
（1）动词原形：动词未经任何变化的原来形式。

如：have、cut、see
（2）第三人称单数现在时：动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成和名词复
数构成法相似。

A.直接加“ s” ：read--reads leave---leaves
B.以 e 结尾的动词，直接加“ s ” : come--comes close---closes
C.以s. x. sh. ch.o结尾的单词,加“ es ” : watch---watches fix---fixes wash---washes go--goes
D.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变“ y”为“ i”, 再加“ es” : cry---cries
E.以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“ s” :play---plays
（3）过去式的变化规则：
A.直接加“ ed”：look--looked watch---watched
B.以 e 结尾的动词，直接加“ d” : live--lived love--loved
C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变“ y”为“ i”, 再加“ed ”: cry---cried
D.以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“ s ” :play---played
E. 动词不规则变化表
Infinitive Past
tense Infinitive Past tense
1. am, is was
2. keep kept
3. are were
4. let let
5. become became
6.
make made
7. begin began8. meet met
9. bite bit10 put put
11. blow blew12. read read
13. buy bought14. ride rode
15. catch caught16.
run ran
17. come came18.
say said
19. cost cost20. see saw
21. cut cut22. sing sang
23.dig dug24. sit sat
25.do did26 sleep slept
27. draw drew28.
speak spoke
29. drink drank30.
sweep swept
31. eat ate32. take took
33.
fall fell34.teach taught
35. feed fed36.
tell told
37.feel felt38.think thought
39. fly flew40. throw threw
41.forget forgot 42.understan d
understood
43. get got44.
give gave
45. wake woke46.
go went
47. wear wore48.
grow grew
49. win won50.
have/has had
51. write wrote52.
know knew
53 .break broke
4.动词的时
态
一、一般现在时: 表示经常性、规律性习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态。

结构：
1. 动作词一般用原形，但如果是第三人称单数时（如Tony ，he ，she ），动作
词用第三人称单数形式，即加s 或es ;
在主语前加do, does帮助疑问句，后面的动词用原形；在动作词前加
don't, doesn't 帮助否定句，后面的动词用原形。

2. 句子中没动作词时，用 be 动词： is , am , are ； is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句； is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮助否定句。

3. 情态动词 can, may, should ，must 引起的句子是一般现在时，后面接动词用原形； can, may, should ，must 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面接动词用原形； can, may, should, must 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面接动词用原形。

4. 肯定祈使：动词原形 + 其它 否定祈使句： Don 't +动词原形 + 其它
5．感叹句： What a mess! What a beautiful desert! What beautiful flowers! —— What+( 形 )
名
A. 肯定句： (非第三人称单数 )主语 +V+其它 (第三人称单数 )主语 +Vs+ 其它 主语 +be (is, am, are)+ 其它 主语 + 情态动词 (can, may, should, must)+V+ 其它 She must go.
B. 否定
句： ( 非第三人称单数 ) 主语 +don 't +V+ 其它 We don 't come from China.
(第三人称单数 ) 主语 +doesn 't +V+ 其它 He doesn 't come from China.
主语 +be (is, am, are) not+ 其它 I aren ' t from China. 主语 + 情态动词 (can, may, should, must)+not +V+ 其它 般疑问句： Do +( 非第三人称单数 ) 主语 +V+ 其它
Does +( 第三人称单数 )主语 +Vs+ 其它 be (Is, Am, Are)+ 主语 + 其它
二、现在进行时 : 表示现在正在进行的动作。

结构： 1. be 动词( is , am , are) + 动词 ing (现在分词)；
is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面的动词加 ing ； is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面的动词加 ing 。

A. 肯定句 :主语+be ( is, am, are ) +Ving +其它 They are coming here.
B. 否定句：主语 +be ( is, am, are ) +not +Ving +其它 They aren 't coming here.
C. 一般疑问句： be ( Is, Am, Are )+主语 + Ving + 其它 Are they coming here?
D. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 + be ( is, am, are )+主语 + Ving +其它 What are
they doing?
三、一般过去时：表示过去某个时间里发生了的动作或状态。

结构：
1. 动作词用过去式 (ed ) ；
在主语前加 did 帮助疑问句，后面的动词用原形； 在动作词前加 didn 't 帮助否定句，后面的动词用原形。

2. 句子中没动作词时，用 be 动词的过去式： was , were ；
was , were 放在主语前帮助疑问句；
How beautiful!
How beautiful the flower is!
How beautiful the flowers are! —— How+ 形 We come from
China. He comes from China. We are from
Do you come from China? Does he come from
China?
Are you from China? D ． 情态动词 (Can, May, Should, Must) 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 She can 't go. Where do you come from? +主语 + V+ 其
它 ) 主语 +V+ 其它 )主语 +Vs+ 其+do +( 非第三人称单数 +does +( 第三人称单数 +be (is, am, are)+ 主语 + 其它 特殊疑问词 +情态动词 (Can, May, Should, Must)+ 主语 + V+ 其它
特殊疑问词 特殊疑问词 Where does he come from? Where are you from?
Can she go?
C ．
was , were后面加上not 帮助否定句。

A. 肯定句：主语+Ved+ 其它We came from China
主语+be (was, were)+ 其它We were from China.
B. 否定句：主语+didn 't +V + 其它We didn 't come from China.
主语 +be (was, were) +not+ 其它 We weren ' t from China. C ．一般疑问句： Did +主语 +V + 其它 Did you come from China?
be (Was, Were)+ 主语 + 其它 Were you from China?
D ．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did +主语 +V +其它 Where did you from?
特殊疑问词 + be (was, were) +主语 +其它 Where were from? 四、一般将来时：表示将来某个时间的动作或状态。

结构：
1. be going to + 动词原形
is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句； is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮助否定句。

2. will+ 动词原形
will 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面接动词用原形； will 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面接动词用原形
A. 肯定句：主语 +will +V + 其它 主语 + be going to +V + 其它
B. 否定句：主语 +will not +V + 其它 主语 + be not going go +V +
其它
C ．一般疑问句： Will+ 主语 +V+ 其它
Be(Is, Am, Are) + 主语 going to +V+ 其它 Is he going to did a hole?
D ．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +will+ 主语 +V+ 其它 What will he do?
特殊疑问词 +be(is, am, are) + 主语 going to +V+ 其它 What is he going to do?
五、过去进行时：表示过去某时正在进行的动作。

结构：
1. be 动词( was, were) + 动词 ing ；
was, were 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面的动词加 ing ； was, were 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面的动词加 ing 。

A. 肯定句 :主语 +be ( was, were ) +Ving He was digging a hole.
B. 否定句： 主语 +be ( was, were )+not +Ving He wasn ' td igging a hole.
C. 一般疑问句： be ( Was, Were )+主语 + Ving Was he digging a hole?
D. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 + be ( was, were )+主语 + Ving What was he doing
二)时态意义与结构一览表：
He will dig a hole.
He is going to dig a hole. He won 't dig a hole.
He isn 't going to dig a
hole. Will he dig a hole?
习题：
1．I ___ (be not) a middle school student.
2．She ___ (be) in Class Six ,Grade One . We ________ (be) all Young pioneers.
3．Sam and I_____ (be) in different classes .
5．There ___ (be) a map on the wall. There ___________ (be) some boats in the river.
7．There ________ (be) a pencil-box and some books in the bag .
8．There ________ (be) two bikes and a car near the house.
9．I can _______ (see) some flowers on the table.
10.You must _________ (find) those things.
11.____ you ______ (have) a new watch?
12.Let me _______ (see),please. I ______ (not have) a watch .
13.I think he ________ (be)back in a week.
14.It's time _______ (play) games.
15.I want ________ (take) some books to the classroom .
16.Could you _________ (take) it to your room ?
17.It's snowing now. We can go out ______ (play) in the snow.
18._________ (not jump) too high! Would you like ______ (drink) tea ?
精品文档
19.She ________ (like) her new skirt .
20.The men __________ (work) near the house now. 精品文档。