初二英语 被动语态
初二被动语态
被动语态讲解一、各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am／is／are＋动词过去分词Cars are made by them。
一般过去时：was／were＋动词过去分词The MP3 was bought by my father。
一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋动词过去分词The bridge will be completed in ten days.现在完成时：have／has been＋动词过去分词The meeting has been put off。
二、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词"构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”.例如:we can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.We must finish this work soon。
→This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom。
→ The classroom has to be cleaned by us。
三、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.（1)时态保持一致.I have repaired my computer。
-—-My computer has been repaired.（2）如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者,就用in短语.It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan。
(3）主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时要用其宾格形式.He cleaned the car. → The car was cleaned by him.(4）疑问句的被动语态，用be动词的对应形式代替doDoes she drive this car? →Is this car driven by her?（5）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，用来强调动作的接收者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接收者，而不是执行者。
使用被动语态可以改变句子的语气和结构，使表达更加灵活和多样化。
本文将归纳初中英语中的被动语态的构成和用法。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由"be"动词和过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同，"be"动词有不同的形式。
下面是不同时态下的被动语态构成：1. 一般现在时态：am/is/are + 过去分词（-ed形式或第三人称单数形式）例如：- The book is written by him.这本书是他写的。
- The door is opened by Tom.门是汤姆打开的。
2. 一般过去时态：was/were + 过去分词例如：- The letter was sent yesterday.这封信昨天被寄出了。
- The cake was made by my mom.这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
3. 一般将来时态：will be + 过去分词例如：- The package will be delivered tomorrow.这个包裹将会在明天被送到。
- The decision will be made by the committee.决定将由委员会做出。
4. 现在进行时态：am/is/are being + 过去分词例如：- The house is being cleaned by the maid.这所房子正在被女佣清理。
- The project is being discussed by the team.这个项目正在团队讨论中。
5. 过去进行时态：was/were being + 过去分词例如：- The car was being repaired last week.这辆车上周正在维修。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成及用法总结
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成及用法总结初中英语知识点归纳：被动语态的构成及用法总结被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它的构成方式和用法在初中阶段就需要学习和掌握。
本文将对被动语态的构成以及其使用方法进行总结归纳，以供学习者参考和复习。
一、被动语态的构成方式被动语态的构成主要由“be”动词的不同形式加上过去分词构成。
具体来说，根据时态的不同，被动语态的构成方式如下：1. 现在时态：肯定句：am/is/are + 过去分词否定句：am/is/are not + 过去分词一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 过去分词 + 其他？2. 过去时态：肯定句：was/were + 过去分词否定句：was/were not + 过去分词一般疑问句：Was/Were + 过去分词 + 其他？3. 将来时态：肯定句：will be + 过去分词否定句：will not be + 过去分词一般疑问句：Will + be + 过去分词 + 其他？4. 现在完成时态：肯定句：has/have been + 过去分词否定句：has/have not been + 过去分词一般疑问句：Has/Have + been + 过去分词 + 其他？注意：过去分词的形式一般是动词的过去式形式，如果动词是不规则动词，则按照不规则动词的形式来变化。
二、被动语态的用法总结被动语态在英语中常用于以下几种情况：1. 强调行为的承受者或受影响的对象。
例如：The book was written by Mark Twain.（这本书是由马克·吐温写的。
）2. 描述客观事实。
例如：The film was released last week.（这部电影上周上映。
）3. 当不知道或无需指明动作的执行者时。
例如：The cake has been eaten.（蛋糕已经被吃掉了。
）4. 口语中经常用于描述自然现象或习惯用法。
例如：English is spoken in many countries.（英语在许多国家中被讲话。
八年级如何正确运用被动语态
八年级如何正确运用被动语态被动语态在英语中是一个重要的语法结构，它可以帮助我们准确地表达被动动作或者强调行为的接受者。
在八年级的英语学习中，正确运用被动语态可以提高语言表达的准确性和地道度。
本文将探讨在八年级如何正确运用被动语态，并给出相关实例。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态由“助动词be + 过去分词”构成。
其中，助动词be的形式变化根据时态的不同而不同，如am/is/are（一般现在时）、was/were （一般过去时）、been（过去分词）、being（现在分词）等。
而过去分词则根据动词原形的不同形成。
实例1：一般现在时被动语态主动语态：My father repairs the car.被动语态：The car is repaired by my father.实例2：一般过去时被动语态主动语态：They cleaned the room.被动语态：The room was cleaned by them.实例3：一般将来时被动语态主动语态：She will write a letter.被动语态：A letter will be written by her.二、正确运用被动语态的场景1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）2. 当我们想强调行为的接受者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）3. 当我们进行科学实验报告或者新闻报道时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The experiment was conducted in the laboratory.（实验在实验室里进行。
）三、注意被动语态的时态和语态转换1. 一般现在时被动语态的转换主动语态：She writes a letter.被动语态：A letter is written by her.2. 一般过去时被动语态的转换主动语态：He repaired the car.被动语态：The car was repaired by him.3. 一般将来时被动语态的转换主动语态：They will clean the room.被动语态：The room will be cleaned by them.四、注意被动语态的句式变化在被动语态中，不及物动词只能用于主动语态，而及物动词可以在主动语态和被动语态中使用。
初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结
初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结一、被动语态的定义和构成被动语态是英语中的一种语态，表示主语是动作的承受者。
其构成为“be+过去分词”，其中“be”的形式根据时态不同而有所变化。
例如：- 现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
例如：- The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈做的。
）2. 当执行者不确定或无需明确时。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户破了。
）3. 当执行者已知但无需强调时。
例如：- The book was written by Mark Twain.（这本书是马克·吐温写的。
）4. 在科学、新闻报道等中常用被动语态。
例如：- The new drug has been tested on animals.（这种新药已经在动物身上进行了测试。
）三、被动语态与主动语态的转换1. 主动变被动：将主语改为宾语，动词变为过去分词，加上适当的助动词。
例如：- 主动：My mom made the cake.（我妈做了蛋糕。
）- 被动：The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈做的。
）2. 被动变主动：将宾语改为主语，去掉助动词，将过去分词变为一般现在时。
例如：- 被动：The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈做的。
）- 主动：My mom makes the cake.（我妈做蛋糕。
）四、被动语态的注意事项1. 被动语态只能用于及物动词。
例如：- 正确：The book was read by me.（这本书被我读了。
）- 错误：I was slept last night.（昨晚我被睡觉了。
8年级英语被动语态
A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.
4．Amy can take good care of Gina ．
Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.
1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时：
S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词
They play football on Sunday.
Football is played by them on Sunday.
__ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing
2.This book __ often __from the library.(北 京市中考题）
A aren’t take away B taken away C isn’t taken away D be taken away
3.He __w_a_s __to_l_d_ (tell) to return his books
to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）
5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题） —Th—ey —se—nt——up another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的重要知识点，在学习英语过程中我们经常会遇到被动语态的使用。
被动语态的结构是由"be"动词（am，is，are，was，were，has been，have been，had been，will be，shall be等）加上过去分词构成的。
被动语态在句子中的主语是动作的承受者，强调的是动作的接受者，同时被动语态也是表示客观事实或者普遍规律的常用语态。
下面是对初中英语中常用的被动语态用法进行归纳总结：1. 一般现在时被动语态：由am/is/are + 过去分词构成。
例如：The cake is made by my mom.（这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）2. 一般过去时被动语态：由was/were + 过去分词构成。
例如：The letter was written by Tom.（这封信是汤姆写的。
）3. 一般将来时被动语态：由will be/shall be + 过去分词构成。
例如：The house will be cleaned by the maid tomorrow.（这个房子明天将由女仆来打扫。
）4. 现在进行时被动语态：由am/is/are being + 过去分词构成。
例如：The book is being read by Lucy.（这本书正在被露西阅读。
）5. 过去进行时被动语态：由was/were being + 过去分词构成。
例如：The car was being repaired by the mechanic when I arrived.（当我到达时，这辆车正在被修理工修理。
）6. 情态动词被动语态：由情态动词（can，could，may，might，must，should，would等）+ be + 过去分词构成。
例如：The film can be watched online.（这部电影可以在线观看。
初二被动语态语法知识点
【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many people speak Chinese 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
（二）被动语态的构成）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
例如：All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.(七)语态转换时所注意的问题1. 主动语态变被动语态，谓语动词的时态要与原句时态一致，谓语动词的数与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought. A new computer have been bought. (错误)2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
八年级英语被动语态附解析
八年级英语被动语态附解析一、选择题1．—Hello, Helen!—Oh, Jim! What a surprise! I ___________you were still on business in Shanghai.A．told B．tell C．will be told D．was told2．— Mom, can I eat a hamburger? —- Sure, if the dishes __________.A．washed B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed 3．When you visit a museum, some instructions should ________ and we’d better not ________ them.A．pay attention to; be against B．be paid attention; againstC．be paid attention to; against D．be paid attention to; be against4．In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic ______ into different groups and then recycled. A．separate B．separated C．are separated D．is separated5．--Can Mr. King spare some time for the charity show?--If he ___, he will try his best to make it.A．will be invited B．is invitedC．invites D．invited6．—Aunt Li, who is the pretty girl in red in the picture?—It’s my daughter. The picture________10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken7．The last team of medical workers ________ a warm welcome when returning to Nanjing from Wuhan this April.A．was giving B．was given C．has given D．gave8．— How is the case going on?—I’ve no idea. It at the meeting right away.A．discussed B．will discuss C．is discussed D．will be discussed 9．Finally both sides have reached an agreement, but the details later.A．are discussing B．are discussed C．will discuss D．will be discussed 10．The historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy has received high praise for its story, costume, and make-up since it ________ on screen on April 7th.A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 11．On Jack's birthday, many gifts and love ________ to him.A．was given B．is given C．are given D．were given 12．As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A．are raised B．were raised C．raised D．have raised 13．—Have you finished your report, Jim?—Not yet. I will make it if I________ two more days.A．give B．will give C．am given D．will be given 14．The school hall ________ next week to celebrate this year's Science & Technology Festival.A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 15．Good news! The film Titanic has returned to big screen in 3D fifteen years after it ________. A．has shown B．was shown C．shows D．will be shown 16．一The manager has come back from his business trip. He's asking you for the report.一Oh, my god! I haven't finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A．will expect B．expected C．was expected D．is expected 17．Different kinds of robots________in the coming robot show in our city.A．display B．are displayed C．will display D．will be displayed 18．—Excuse me, when can we play basketball in the playground?— Not until the playground ________ next week.A．repairs B．will be repaired C．is repaired D．will repair 19．—I’m afraid I can’t finish the task in such a short time.—Don’t worry. Can you finish it, if you ________ two more days?A．will give B．will be given C．give D．are given 20．The villagers expect that the bridge_______before the rainy season comes.A．is completed B．was completed C．will be completed D．has been completed 21．The film Hi! Mom has received high praise since it ________ on screen on February 12. A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 22．—Over the past 70 years, China’s high-speed railway ________ fast.—That’s true. The project of Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway that goes through Rugao ________ by the end of this year.A．has developed; will be completed B．is developing; will completeC．has developed; will complete D．is developing; will be completed 23．—Mr Li, could you please tell me ________?—Sorry, I’m not sure. You can ask Miss Xiao.A．where was Chinese Kung fu taught B．how often the dragon boat race holds C．when did the ancient Silk Road start D．how much the Chinese painting there is 24．No one knows when the bridge ________, because there is no record about it.A．has built B．built C．was built D．builds25．It is reported that a total of 71,000 5G base stations ________ in Jiangsu Province in 2020. A．build B．built C．were built D．have built26．Some free health service_________for the elderly in the near future.A．provides B．is providedC．will provide D．will be provided27．The 2022 Winter Olympics ________ in Beijing.A．hold B．are holding C．will hold D．will be held 28．—Great news! Zhurong has landed on Mars successfully.—It ________ into space by Long March 5 rocket on July 23, 2020.A．is sent B．was sent C．sent D．was sending29．Much attention should ________ these details.A．pay B．be paid C．pay to D．be paid to 30．When waste from daily life ________, people won’t mix some resources with wet waste. A．separated B．is separated C．separates D．will be separated 31．Experienced doctors and nurses ________ in Hubei Province at the beginning of this year. A．need B．were needed C．are needed D．needed32．Last year, five Chinese teachers ________ to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese styles for four weeks.A．were sent B．sent C．have sent D．have been sent 33．After the first lunar samples ________, Chang’e 5 finis hed its task on the moon. A．collect B．collected C．were collected D．will be collected 34．—If you ________ another chance next time, can you do it better, Jack?—That’s for sure. Trust me!A．give B．will give C．are given D．will be given 35．It’s reported that the Tokyo Olympic Games ________ from July 23 to August 8 this year. A．would hold B．have held C．will be held D．were held 36．When the new city square ________ next year, it will be a good place for people to relax. A．will be finished B．is finishing C．was finished D．is finished 37．When he went abroad for further study, his parents and children _______ by his wife. A．are well taken care of B．took good care ofC．were taken good care D．were taken good care of38．—Aunt Li, who is the lovely boy in red in the picture?—It’s my son. The picture ________ 10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken39．A new railway station ________ in my town next year.A．builds B．built C．is built D．will be built 40．Your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes on Meituan.A．cancels B．is cancelled C．will cancel D．will be cancelled 【参考答案】一、选择题1．D【详解】句意：——你好，海伦！——哦，吉姆！真是个惊喜！我听说你还在上海出差。
初二教案被动语态的用法
初二教案被动语态的用法一、引言被动语态是英语语法中非常重要的一部分，对于学习者来说，熟练掌握被动语态的用法是十分必要的。
在初二阶段，学生正处于语法学习的关键时期，因此，本文将重点介绍初二教案中被动语态的用法，并给予相关例子以便更好地帮助初二学生掌握该语法知识。
二、被动语态的定义被动语态是表示主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者的一种语态。
在被动句中，动词的形式有两个要素构成：助动词be的适当形式和动词的过去分词形式。
三、被动语态的结构及形式在被动语态中，形式为“be+过去分词”。
be根据句子时态的不同，可选用am、is、are、was、were、been，而过去分词则是动词的过去分词形式。
四、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的接受者被动语态常常用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
比如：- Active: He ate the cake.（他吃了蛋糕）- Passive: The cake was eaten by him.（蛋糕被他吃了）2. 不知道动作的执行者有时候我们并不知道动作的执行者是谁，这时使用被动语态可以更恰当地表达这种情况。
比如：- Active: They built this house.（他们建造了这座房子）- Passive: This house was built by them.（这座房子是被他们建造的）3. 某些固定搭配中常使用被动语态在初二教案中，某些固定搭配中也常常使用被动语态，这需要学生积累相关的搭配知识。
比如：- Active: They made a decision.（他们作出了决定）- Passive: A decision was made by them.（决定被他们作出了）五、被动语态的例句下面是一些初二教案中常见的例句，以帮助学生更好地理解并掌握被动语态的用法。
1. 完成时的被动语态：- Active: She has written a letter.（她写了一封信）- Passive: A letter has been written by her.（一封信被她写了）2. 过去时的被动语态：- Active: They repaired the car.（他们修理了汽车）- Passive: The car was repaired by them.（汽车被他们修理了）3. 现在进行时的被动语态：- Active: He is washing the dishes.（他正在洗碗）- Passive: The dishes are being washed by him.（碗正在被他洗）4. 一般将来时的被动语态：- Active: They will plant trees in the garden.（他们会在花园里种树）- Passive: Trees will be planted in the garden by them.（树将会被他们在花园里种）5. 现在完成进行时的被动语态：- Active: She has been cleaning the room.（她一直在打扫房间）- Passive: The room has been being cleaned by her.（房间一直在被她打扫）六、总结被动语态是初二英语学习中的重点和难点之一，通过本文的介绍，希望同学们对被动语态有了更深入的了解和掌握。
_初中英语【被动语态】用法及易错点详细讲解
初中英语【被动语态】用法及易错点详细讲解所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了”、“这座楼房是由他们建造的。
”一、主动语态和被动语态的概念1）He opened the door. 他开了门。
以上例句是一个主动句，主语是动作的执行者/发出者2）The door was opened by him. 门被开了。
第二个例句是一个被动句，主语是动作的承受者汉语中表示被动的词：被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给…英语中表被动用：be+过去分词构成二、被动语态的结构及用法1）被动语态的几种句型肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）eg: My phone was made in China.否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by）eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？eg: Was your phone made in China?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）?第 1 / 26 页eg: Where was your phone made?2）不同时态中的被动语态3）被动语态的用法当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。
(不知谁打破的)They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低。
(没必要指出工资是谁付的)突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
These books are written especially for children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
(强调的是“这些书”)三、主动语态变被动语态1）一般情况下主动语态变被动语态主动句：He closed the door.第 2 / 26 页变被动句：The door was closed by him.口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done, 时不变，数格必须随被变。
八年级学习被动语态的用法与构成
八年级学习被动语态的用法与构成被动语态是英语中常用的一种语法结构，它可以帮助我们更准确地表达被动的动作或状态。
在八年级的英语学习中，被动语态的学习显得尤为重要。
本文将详细介绍被动语态的用法与构成。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由“助动词be + 过去分词”组成。
其中，助动词be 的形式会随着谓语动词的时态和人称的变化而变化，过去分词则根据动词的词形变化规则加以变化。
1. 一般现在时被动语态的构成：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：Tom writes a letter.（汤姆写了一封信。
）- 被动语态：A letter is written by Tom.（一封信被汤姆写了。
）2. 一般过去时被动语态的构成：主语 + was/were + 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They repaired the car yesterday.（他们昨天修理了那辆车。
）- 被动语态：The car was repaired by them yesterday.（那辆车昨天被他们修理了。
）3. 一般将来时被动语态的构成：主语 + will be + 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They will finish the project tomorrow.（他们明天将完成这个项目。
）- 被动语态：The project will be finished by them tomorrow.（这个项目明天将被他们完成。
）二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中具有以下几种常见的用法。
1. 强调行为的承受者通过使用被动语态，强调动作的接受者，使其更具有影响力。
例如：- 主动语态：Beijing hosted the Olympic Games in 2008.（北京于2008年举办了奥运会。
）- 被动语态：The Olympic Games were hosted by Beijing in 2008.（奥运会于2008年被北京举办。
八年级第八单元英语知识点
八年级第八单元英语知识点八年级第八单元英语知识点是非常重要的一部分，是学生在英语学习过程中需要掌握的一些基本知识，这些知识点涉及到语法、词汇、听力等多个方面。
以下是我总结的八年级第八单元英语知识点。
一、被动语态被动语态是英语语法中非常重要的一部分，它用于描述动作发生的主体不是主语的情况。
在被动语态中，主语变成了动作的承受者，而动词则以过去分词的形式出现。
构成被动语态的方法是“be + 过去分词”，be动词需要根据时态和主语的数的变化进行变化。
例如：主动语态：Tom wrote the letter.（汤姆写这封信。
）被动语态：The letter was written by Tom.（这封信被汤姆写了。
）在使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：1.确保动作的承受者是主语。
2.动词需要变成过去分词形式。
3.be动词需要根据时态和主语的数的变化进行变化。
二、虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中比较难学习的一部分，它在语言交际中有着非常重要的作用，用于表达假设、愿望、建议等方面的语气。
在虚拟语气中，动词使用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”来表示，例如：If I were you, I would go to the party.（如果我是你，我会去参加聚会。
）如果要使用虚拟语气，需要注意以下几点：1.在表示假设、愿望、建议等方面时使用。
2.动词使用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”来表示。
3.在第二人称和第三人称情况下，使用were代替was。
三、动名词和不定式动名词和不定式都是英语语言学习中比较基础的一部分，用于表示动作或状态。
动名词以-ing结尾，可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
例如：Swimming is good for health.（游泳对健康有好处。
）不定式一般由to + 动词原形构成，它可以用来表示目的、结果、原因等。
例如：I want to go to the beach.（我想去海滩。
初二英语一般现在时被动语态教学课件共18张PPT
see/hear/notice sb. do sth. sb. be seen/heard/noticed to do sth.
let/make/have sb. do sth. sb. be let/made/had to do sth.
• The boss makes the workers work all day. The workers are made to work all day.
3，主动语态中“动词+介词”或“动词&hey look after the girl well. The girl is looked after well by them.
He often laughs at the poor boy. The poor boy is often laughed at by him.
The river is polluted seriously
Some trees are cut down.
A sports meeting is held in our school every year.
The whale is killed for its fin.
1,感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接零动词不定式 变成被动语态时要加上“to”
6,每天早晨都能听得鸟儿的叫声。 Some birds are heard to sing every morning. 7，每天有很多病人要动手术。 Many patients are operated on every day. 8，这款新手机很好销售。 The new kind of mobile phones sells well.
初中英语知识点归纳常用的被动语态和被动语态句型
初中英语知识点归纳常用的被动语态和被动语态句型被动语态是英语语法中的重要内容之一。
在句子中，被动语态可用于强调动作的承受者，或者当我们的关注点是动作的执行者时。
本文将对常用的被动语态和被动语态句型进行归纳总结。
一、被动语态的构成及用法1. 构成：be动词（am/is/are/was/were）+过去分词（-ed结尾或不规则形式）2. 用法：强调承受动作的对象，或者当对动作进行描述时。
例如：Active: The cat chased the mouse.Passive: The mouse was chased by the cat.二、常用的被动语态句型1. 一般现在时被动语态结构：am/is/are + 过去分词用法：描述经常发生的动作或者普遍真理。
例如：Active: They build houses in this area.Passive: Houses are built in this area.2. 一般过去时被动语态结构：was/were + 过去分词用法：描述过去某个时间发生的动作或事件。
例如：Active: He repaired the car yesterday.Passive: The car was repaired by him yesterday.3. 现在进行时被动语态结构：am/is/are being + 过去分词用法：描述现在正在进行的动作或事件。
例如：Active: They are building a new bridge.Passive: A new bridge is being built by them.4. 过去进行时被动语态结构：was/were being + 过去分词用法：描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或事件。
例如：Active: He was writing a letter at that time.Passive: A letter was being written by him at that time.5. 现在完成时被动语态结构：has/have been + 过去分词用法：表达过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态和被动语态的用法区别
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态和被动语态的用法区别初中英语知识点归纳：被动语态和被动语态的用法区别被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它与主动语态相对应。
被动语态经常在写作和口语中使用，使句子更加灵活多样。
本文将归纳被动语态的基本形式和用法，并比较被动语态与主动语态的区别。
一、被动语态的基本形式被动语态由“be”动词（am, is, are, was, were等）加上及物动词的过去分词构成。
主动句变被动句的基本过程如下：主动句：主语 + 动词 + 宾语被动句：宾语 + be动词（根据主语的人称和数变化）+ 过去分词 + by + 主语（可省略）例如：主动句：They made a cake.（他们做了一个蛋糕。
）被动句：A cake was made by them.（一个蛋糕被他们做了。
）二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者或不知道动作的执行者：当句子的执行者或者并不重要时，使用被动语态可以强调动作的承受者。
例如：主动句：Sam painted the wall.（山姆刷了墙。
）被动句：The wall was painted by Sam.（墙被山姆刷了。
）2. 在不知道主语是谁或者不想透露主语时：有时候，为了保持匿名或者模糊句子的主体，可以使用被动语态。
例如：主动句：Someone stole my phone. （有人偷了我的手机。
）被动句：My phone was stolen.（我的手机被偷了。
）3. 在描述自然现象或普遍事实时：有些句子中，使用被动语态可以更准确地描述自然现象或普遍事实。
例如：主动句：People say that dogs are faithful.（人们说狗是忠诚的。
）被动句：It is said that dogs are faithful.（据说狗是忠诚的。
）三、被动语态与主动语态的区别1. 语序和意义：被动句的语序为宾语+ be动词+ 过去分词，而主动句的语序为主语+动词+宾语。
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初二英语专题：被动语态Ⅰ被动语态的构成：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词Football is enjoyed by people all over the world.Ⅱ从主动语态到被动语态的时态形式变化：现在：do/does →am/is/are done过去：did →was/were done将来：shall/will do →shall/will be done现在完成时：have/has done →have/has been done过去完成时：had done →had been done现在进行时：am/is/are doing →am/is/are being done过去进行时：was/were doing →was/were being done将来进行时：will be doing →will be being done口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
【考题分析】I need one more stamp before my collection______.A. has completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。
又因before 等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。
【Ex1.】1、This English song ______ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung2、New computers _________ all over the world.A is used B. are using C. are used D. have used3、Why _________ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting holdB. wasn't a meeting heldC. wasn't held a meetingD. a meeting wasn't held4、His new book_________ next month.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published5、—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet. The rooms __________.A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting Ⅲ被动语态的用法1. 普通动词主动语态变被动语态如：She wrote this story.This story(be+过去分词)2. 动词短语变被动语态注意:动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,整个词组当作一个单个动词处理,不能丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词.如：take care of, look after, take off, look at , listen to, laugh at等。
We should speak to old man politely.→Old man should be spoken to politely.3. 含情态动词的被动语态can \ may\ must\ should +be +过去分词I can find him. →He can be found by me.4. 带双宾语的动词变为被动语态He gave the child a radio set as a birthday present.→The child was given a radio set as a birthday present by Mr. King. (间宾作主语)→ A radio set was given to the child as a birthday present by Mr. King. (直宾作主语) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for间宾连。
5. 含复合宾语（宾语+宾补）的动词变为被动语态We always keep the classroom clean. →The classroom is always kept clean.They asked me to help them. →I was asked to help them.Note：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后要加上to，如：We often hear her sing.→She is o ften heard to sing.但see\ hear sb. doing sth.变被动不加to，如：We saw them playing football. →They were seen playing football.6. 使役动词let, have, make,主动省to ,被动加toHe makes the girl stay at home.→The girl is made to stay at home.口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。
7.主动形式被动意义的被动语态(1) 连用动词用主动表被动：尤其是表示“……起来”的系动词，如sound, taste, smell, feel, look, seem等，如：误：Silk is felt soft and smooth. 正：Silk feels soft and smooth.(2) 某些不及动词用主动表被动：用作不及物动词的open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook等，如：The book sells well. The window won’t open.(3) 几个表示“需要”的动词：在表示“(某物)需要”的need, want, require等后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
如：The house wants painting(= to be painted).The floor requires washing(= to be washed).(4) 关于be worth doing sth.：在be worth后的动名词用主动表示被动。
如：His suggestion is worth considering. This clock is hardly worth repairing.8. 不用被动语态的几种情况①不及物动词如rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie, disappear, last等没有被动语态，如：After the fire, nothing remained. 误：After the fire, nothing was remained.②部分不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to等，如：Great changes have taken place here since 1990.误：Great changes have been taken place here since 1990.③有些及物动词也没有被动语态，如cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, have, wish, hold, own,lack, fit, resemble, jump, mind等。
如：She entered the room just now. 误：The room was entered by her just now.④有些及物的短语动词也没有被动语态，如agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with,succeed in, suffer from, happen to, walk into, belong to等。
如：I don’t agree with him. 误：He isn’t agreed with by me.⑤在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。
如：The problem is too difficult to solve.【考题分析】——Do you like the material?——Yes, it______ very soft.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来…”意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。
根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为C。
feel作“感觉”、“认为”、“摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等变化。
【Ex2.】1、A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _________ while we were on holiday.A. was taken careB. took care ofC. is taken care ofD. was taken care of2、—— What should we do first if we want to develop our village ?—— A lot of new roads _________ , I think.A. must be builtB. have to buildC. must buildD. have built3、This kind of car _________in Japan.A makes B. made C. is making D. is made4、Our room must_________ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep5、The boy were seen ______ around the policeman, listening to him carefully.A. sitB. satC. to sitD. sitting【Ex3.】能力提高1、Doctors _________ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need2、The key _________ on the table when I leave.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left3、A new house _________ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building4、—— I'd like to buy that coat.—— I'm sorry. _________.A. it soldB. it's sellingC. It's been soldD. it had been sold5、Your exercise-book should be ________ after class.A. handB. hand inC. handedD. handed in6、Oh, the milk _____ strange, do you think it’s OK to drink?A. was tastedB. tastedC. is tastingD. tastes7、—— My shoes are worn out.—— _________A. Can't they be mended?B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost?D. Can't they mended?8、Many flowers _______ Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day.A. givenB. were givenC. were given toD. have given9、—I________ to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear.— Why d on’t you have a dress made for the party?A. was askedB. will askC. have askedD. have been asked10、—— It is said that another new car factory_________ now.——Yeah. It _________ one and a half years.A. is building；takesB. is being built；will takeC. is built；will takeD. is being built；takes【Ex4.】中考链接1.---Excuse me, what’s this for?---It’s a cleaner and it ______ to pick up dirt.(2010 广东省)A. usesB. is usedC. is usingD. used2.The letter ______ in French. I can’t read it.(2008 石家庄)A. is writingB. is writtenC. wroteD. writes3.No letters ______ since last Monday.(2008 沈阳)A. have receivedB. have been receivedC. had been receivedD. have being received4. He was made ______ from morning till night.A. to workB. workC. workingD. worked5.There are many people downstairs. What do you think ______?(2010 杭州)A. to happenB. happeningC. is happenedD. has happened6. Tomorrow there’s a programme about our school on TV, then it ______ by millions of people. (2010 沈阳)A. will seeB. sawC. will be seenD. was seen参考答案：【Ex1.】1-5 DCBAA【Ex2.】1-5 DADBD【Ex3.】1-5 CDBCD 6-10 DACDB 【Ex4.】1-5 BBBAD 6. C。