干涉仪与应用 12-5

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2)干涉条纹的性质
平行平板的等倾干 涉
楔板的混合干涉 等厚干涉 (光束入射角小/楔板 角度小/板厚不大) 条纹的移动规律 (分等厚、等倾两种)
Extended source
Mirror
Beam splitter Reflective coating
Compensating plate
其他改进型结构:光源 掌握: (1)系统结构, (2)M1或M2垂直 于光线移动时 对条纹的影响
Albert Abraham Michelson
Michelson is best known for his precise determination of the velocity of light, for inventing the interferometer that bears his name. He also made noteworthy contributions to astronomy, spectroscopy and geophysics, was proficient in tennis and other sports, played the violin, and liked to paint landscapes.
S
注意: (1)光程差变化量: 2 S (2)定域面位置不同
3、泰曼干涉仪(Twyman interferometer) 特点:在迈克尔逊干涉仪的一个光路中 加入了被测光学器件
Contour lines Fringes of equal thickness
4、马赫-曾德干涉仪 (Mach-Zehnder interferometer )
1)干涉仪结构
Mirror
扩展光源照明
平面反射镜 分光板和补偿板 汇聚透镜 2)干涉原理
Compensating plate
Beam splitter
Extended source
Reflective coating
2、迈克尔逊干涉仪 (The Michelson interferometer)
Albert Abraham Michelson
Albert Abraham Michelson (1852-1931) was born in Strelno, Prussia. He moved to the United States with his parents when he was 2. He graduated from, and taught at, the U. S. Naval Academy and later worked at the Case School of Applied Science, Clark University and the University of Chicago. In 1907 he was awarded the Nobel prize in physics, the first American scientist to be so honored.
P
L
Q
L
L
L


基本特点: 1、属于等厚干涉 2、干涉光束选择灵活,对应不同的定域面位置。 重点掌握: 1、光程差与厚度的关系。 2、厚度变化与条纹弯曲方向的关系。 3、干涉间距与条纹移动的关系。 条纹 分析
e H 注意应用比例关系: e 2n 2
2、迈克尔逊干涉仪 (The Michelson interferometer)
such as lenses, prisms and mirrors.
Frank Twyman
He is a manager, at Adam Hilger Ltd., astronomical and optical instrument makers in London.
The Twyman interferometer is particularly
useful for the testing of optical components
e
a
测量平行平板的平行度和小角度光楔的楔角
1、斐索干涉仪:等厚干涉型的干涉仪
L3
a
G
L1 L2
Q 激光平面干涉仪
e
测量透镜的曲率半径
D h R1 Q R2 P
D2 1 1 D2 h k 8 R1 R2 8 hN
பைடு நூலகம்
2
牛顿环
球面干涉仪(测球面的曲率半径/测量球面误差)
第五节 典型的双光束干涉系统及其应用
1、斐索 ( Fizeau ) 干涉仪: 等厚干涉型的干涉仪
L3
1)激光平面干涉仪
的组成和工作原理
参考习题集p.119, 例8-11
G
L1 L2 P Q 激光平面干涉仪
第五节 典型的双光束干涉系统及其应用
1、斐索干涉仪:等厚干涉型的 干涉仪
2)主要用途 测定平板表面的平面度 和局部误差 测量平行平板的平行度 和小角度光楔的楔角 测量透镜的曲率半径
测量光一次通过被测域
It is preferred to measuring large transparent objects.
1)应用场合和测量 的基本原理 2)干涉仪结构 3)条纹性质分析
Armand H. L. Fizeau
Armand H. L. Fizeau (1819-1896), French physicist, was born of a wealthy French family that enabled him to be financially independent. Instead of shunning work, however, he devoted his life to diligent scientific experiment. His most important achievement was the measurement of the speed of light in 1849.
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