最后一分钟安全检查

• normal risk permit • 一般工作许可证
• high risk permit • 高风险作业
LMRA
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What is a Good LMRA 什么才是高质量的LMRA
• Good discussion of risks对风险充分讨论 • Use open questions eg How, What, Why, When, Which 使用开放式 问题，比如怎样，什么，为什么，何时，哪些等。
What is LMRA 什么是最后一分钟风险评估
• A LMRA is an activity that is done just before the team start with the job to assess the following 工作开始前 需要透过LMRA进行以下评估︰
• Whether everybody understand (the risks of) the job and have taken the prescribed mitigating measures (e.g. PPE) 是否所有人都理解工作风险并采取描述的控制措施（比如PPE） • • Is checked that the situation (job to be done and applied safeguarding) is identical to the description on the workpermit 是否检查了现场（需要完成的工作和使用的防护措施）和工作许可证描述的一致
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Case Study Guidelines 案例
• Role play:角色扮演
– One acts as LMRA executor, practicing LMRA card or site checklist – 一名为LMRA执行者，练习使用LMRA卡片或者检查表
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How to organize (cont.) 怎样组织指导
Content内容：
1. Asking open questions referring to Tools 1) Site specific LMRA or 2) DEP LMRA card or 3) SHE Practice 以开放形式问问题，可以参考以下工具 1) 工厂自己的LMRA 2）DEP LMRA卡片 3）总部SHE良好实践。 2. At least 3 Cases to discuss (role play, group discussion, etc)。至少讨论3 个案例（角色扮演，小组讨论，等等） 3. Focus on coaching asking questions instead of fully involved in risk identification 重点在指导如何问问题，而不是全程投入在风险识别上 4. Homework can be assigned to practice in the field (in pairs, teams, etc) 布置家庭作业，在现场进行训练（两人或多人组合）
• What measures have you taken and why? • 你采取什么措施？为什么要采取这些措施？
• What else can go wrong? • 还有没有其他不安全的因素？ • What are you going to do in case of an emergency ? • 紧急情况下你会怎样应变？
Emergency紧急情况 1. Where do you need to go in case of an alarm? 警报响起你 会往那里跑？
2. What do you do when things go wrong (spray, finger cut, sudden start-up)? 当发生意外时（比如喷溅、手指被割 伤、设备突然启动等）你会怎么办？
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Work Place工作地点: 1. Is your workplace tidy and safe?你的工作点是否整洁、 安全？ 2. Who else is working here and what are they doing附近还有 谁在工作?他们在做什么工作？ 3. What impact do your job has on jobs of others?你的工作对 其他人的工作有什么影响？
• 得到培养训练的指导员 • Employees understand why we have LMRA • 员工理解为什么需要LMRA
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Training of LMRA LMRA培训
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LMRA Card LMRA 卡片
• What are you going to do and how? • 你的工作内容是什么？打算怎样完成？ • What risks do you see? • 你观察到什么风险？
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Explanation 解释(4)
•PPE&Tools PPE和工具 •1. Which (specific) PPE do you think are needed? What about the quality?你认为需要哪些特别的 PPE？质量如何？ •2. What will happen if something goes wrong? Which PPE you will use then?如果发生意外会产生 什么后果？这种情况下你用哪个PPE防护呢？ •3. Which tools are you using? How do you know they are suitable and safe ? 你在使用哪些工具，他 们是合适和安全的吗？
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Explanation解释(2)
Emergency紧急情况 1. Where do you need to go in case of an alarm? 警报响起你会往那里跑？ 2. What do you do when things go wrong (spray, finger cut, sudden start-up)? 当发生意外时 （比如喷溅、手指被割伤、设备突然启动 等）你会怎么办？ 3. Point the nearest (emergency shower, safety exit, alarm, etc)指出最近的喷淋洗眼器、安 全退场门，警报，等等
3. Point the nearest (emergency shower, safety exit, alarm, etc) 指出最近的喷淋洗眼器、安全退场门，警报，等等
Last Minutes Risk Assessment 最后一分钟安全评估
Risks&Measures风险和措施
1. What are risky or difficult parts of this job?这项工作有风 险的或者执行困难的地方在那里？ 2. How are these risks controlled?这些风险是如何得到控制 的？ 3. How do you ensure safe?(eg try out, etc)你如何确保安全 （比如点动试车，等等）
• everybody knows what to do in an emergency situation (escape routes, location showers etc) 所有人知道在 紧急情况下做什么事情（逃跑路线，喷淋的位置等等） • everybody is aware of risks in the surroundings (e.g. holes just nearby, other dangerous work in the neighborhood etc)所有人都意识到工作周边的风险（比如附近有洞，在邻近区域有危险工作，等等 ）
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Explanation解释(3)
Risks&Measures风险和措施
1. What are risky or difficult parts of this job? 这 项工作有风险的或者执行困难的地方在那 里？ 2. How are these risks controlled?这些风险是 如何得到控制的？ 3. How do you ensure safe?(eg try out, etc)你如 何确保安全（比如点动试车，等等）
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Coaching Proposal 指导方案
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How to organize coaching 怎样组织指导
• Workshop of “How to do a good LMRA” • 小组讨论-“怎样做好LMRA” • Target group 目标人群: – Could be everyone as long as he/she is not in the executing team.只要不是工作执行人，都可以做LMRA的指导员 – shift leaders/supervisors, a contractor(supervisor), managers, other colleagues when necessary领班/倒班主管，承包商（承包 商负责人），经理，其他。 – Suggest a group of 10 persons (to ensure good quality and sufficient time of discussion) – 建议小组人数10人左右，以保证讨论质量和时间
PPE&Tools PPE和工具 1. Which (specific) PPE do you think are needed? What about the quality?你认为需要哪些特别的PPE？质量如何？ 2. What will happen if something goes wrong? Which PPE you will use then?如果发生意外会产生什么后果？这种情况下 你用哪个PPE防护呢？ 3. Which tools are you using? How do you know they are suitable and safe ? 你在使用哪些工具，它们是合适和安全 的吗？
What do we need我们需要什么
• Time: takes several minutes and needs good job preparation
• 时间︰需要花几分钟，工作也要做好前期准备 • Trained Personnel • 人员被培养训练
• Trained Coaches
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When we do LMRA何时做LMRA
All persons who are involved in the work take part in LMRA (maintenance, contractors, production, etc) 所有工作相关的人员都可以参与到LMRA来（维修，承包商，生产等等） Talk about job risks and work environment. 讨论工作风险和工作环境 Each participants input in the conversation and get consensus on the result. 每个参与者都表达自己的看法，并达成一致意见。 Use LMRA card/questionnaires if possible. 如果需要可以使用LMRA卡片/问题清单
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Eห้องสมุดไป่ตู้planation解释(1)
Work Place工作地点: 1. Is your workplace tidy and safe?你的工作点 是否整洁、安全？ 2. Who else is working here and what are they doing附近还有谁在工作?他们在做什么工作？ 3. What impact do your job has on jobs of others?你的工作对其他人的工作有什么影响？