大学英语(统考)在线练习题20(客观题)1

大学英语（统考）在线练习题20(客观题)
试卷总分:100 得分:100
一、阅读理解 (共 4 道试题,共 40 分)
1. Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than what only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on---but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever before.
By 1994 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War. Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in
1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the years following World War I honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics.
In 1921he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
正确答案:1).C2).D3).C4).B5).C
2. A dream is one kind of experience. It seems as real as something that actually happens; in it the dreamer takes actions and reacts. During dreams the body is asleep but the thinking part of the brain is wide awake. In fact, it is more active than it sometimes is when the body is awake.
One group of researchers decided to see what would happen if they stopped people from dreaming. As soon as the electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) registered a dream pattern, researchers woke the dreamer. They did this all night for several nights, every time the person started to dream.
The experiment revealed that people who were unable to dream became nervous, easily upset, and hungrier. As soon as they were able to sleep without interruptions they lost their nervousness and became normal again; however, they then had more dreams than usual. It was as if they were catching up on their dreams.
To check these findings, the researchers carried on a control experiment. Again they woke people during the night, but during non-dreaming periods. These people did not change their daytime behavior. And when they were allowed to sleep without interruptions (打断), the number of their dreams
did not increase.
Experiments like these have caused scientists to ask if dreams serve a purpose. Researchers know, for example, that some people who go for days
without sleep will suffer from hallucinations (幻觉). Certain people even begin to show signs of mental illness. Some researchers believe that people become this way because they cannot have their usual numbers of dreams. According to this theory dreaming helps people to lead normal lives. 1). 正确答案:1).A2).C3).D4).D5).B
3. Soldiers and other military people wear uniforms with various other symbols to indicate their status. But in the business world everyone wears more or less similar suits, and you cannot tell at a glance who ranks higher or lower than another. So how do people in the business world show their superiority?
An attempt to study this was made by two researchers using a series of silent films. They had two actors play the parts of an executive (经理) and a visitor, and switch roles each time. The scene had one man at his desk playing the part of an executive, while the other, playing the part of a visitor, knocks at the door, opens it and approaches the desk to discuss some business matter. The audience watching the films was asked to rate the executive and the visitor in terms of status. A certain set of rules about status began to emerge from the ratings. The visitor showed the least amount of status when he stopped just inside the door to talk across the room to the seated man. He was considered to have more status when he walked halfway up to the desk, and he had the most status when he walked directly up to the desk and stood right in front of the seated executive. Another thing that affected the status of the visitor in the eyes of the observers was the time between knocking and entering. For the seated executive, his status was also affected by the time between hearing the knock and answering. The quicker the visitor entered the room, the more status he had. The longer the executive took to answer, the more status he had.
正确答案:1).D2).A3).B4).B5).D
4. Brazil has become one of the developing world’s greatest successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.
Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas（通俗电视连续
剧）and installment（分期付款）plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
“Although they have never reall y tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”
Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible（不相容的）with unlimited reproduction,” says Martine.
正确答案:1).D2).C3).C4).B5).B
二、单选题 (共 15 道试题,共 45 分)
1.
正确答案:A
2. 正确答案:B
3.
正确答案:D
4.
正确答案:C
5.
正确答案:D
6.
正确答案:A
7.
正确答案:B
8.
正确答案:D
9.
正确答案:C
10.
正确答案:A
11.
正确答案:B
12.
正确答案:C
13.
正确答案:C
14.
正确答案:B
15.
正确答案:C
三、完型填空 (共 1 道试题,共 15 分)
1. Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and told me to rest for a
__1__. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton wool. He knew I __2__ match boxes and asked me whether my collection was growing. In __3__to his questions I either __4__ or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy __5__ out the hole. I suddenly realized he had pulled out the wrong tooth. 1).
正确答案:1).D2).E3).A4).B5).C。