英语倒装句详解

倒装句详解

概念：用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要, 分为完全倒装和部分倒装.

一.完全倒装：句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时.

1.以here, there, now, then等副词或out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调, 句子要全部倒装, 谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等.

2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时

A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill

At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.

注意：在上述句子中, 如果主语为人称代词, 则主、谓不需要倒装.

In he came and back he went again.

Away he went .

二.部分倒装：be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面.

Is am are was were（be动词）do does did（助动词）can could would may will might（情态动词）等

1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装.

Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.

Only after he came back was I able to see him.

注：only修饰主语, 仍用自然语序, 如：Only socialism can save China.

I seldom go to the cinema.

倒装：Seldom do I go to the cinema.

我很少去看电影．

I have never seen such a performance.

倒装：Never have I seen such a performance.

我从来没有看过这样的表演．

2.否定副词及介词短语的否定词位于句首时.

高考常考的这类词或词语有：never , not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time等.

3.not until 引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装

He didn’t finish his homework until his mother came back.

倒装：Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework.

直到他的妈妈回来, 他才完成作业.

The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.

倒装：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

等到孩子睡着了, 妈妈才离开房间．

注意：当Not until引出主从复合句, 主句倒装, 从句不倒装.

4、as/ though (虽然, 尽管）引导的让步状语从句

名词\形容词\副词\分词+as\though+主语+其他

Although I am ugly, I am gentle.

倒装：Ugly as I am, I am gentle.

Though he is a child, he has to make a living.

倒装：Child as he is, he has to make a living.

注意：从句的表语是名词, 其名词前不加任何冠词

5.用于so nor neither 开头的句子

A、So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语

某人也是如此

Nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语

某人也不是如此

1). 他喜欢读书, 我也是．

He likes reading very much. So do I .

2). 我从来没有去过广州大学, 他也是．

I have never been to Guangzhou University, neither/ nor has he.

Betty is a nice girl. So she is

B、So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词

某人确实如此

6.在hardly/scarcely/…when；no sooner…than; not only … but also；so...that; such…that 的倒装句中, 前倒后不倒. hardly/scarcely/ no sooner后句子的谓语用had done, when/than后句子的谓语用一般过去时

(1) Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him.

(2) No sooner had I reached the station than train moved.

(3) Not only is he interested in football but also he plays it well.

(4) So hard does he work that he has made great progress in English.

7. If 虚拟条件从句中.从句有(were/should/had)

1）If I were you, I would work hard. 倒装：Were I you, I would work hard.

2) If it should rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.

倒装: Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.

3）If he had followed my advice, he would have succeeded.

倒装：Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.

8.May置句首, 表示祝愿.

May you succeed.祝你成功！

补充知识

1.全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时.常见的结构有：1)here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词.

Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了.

Here is your letter. 你的信.

2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首, 谓语表示运动的动词.