外研版初中英语学习---中考时态复习----一般过去时(导学案,无答案)

一般过去时

（一）概念：

1、一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；

2、一般过去时表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为，常与表示频度的时间状语连用；

3、一般过去时还表示过去主语所具备的能力和性格。

常见的时间状语：yesterday, last/night/week/year…, in+过去的年份，时间段+ago, this morning, just now, once upon a time, the other day, before…, in the past 等。

如：I got up at 7 o’clock yesterday. 我昨天7点起床。

He always went to work by bus last year. 他去年总是做车去上班。

She could ride a bike when she was young.当她年轻的时候她会骑自行车。

（二）基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他

分类：1、be型

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were放到句首。

【肯定句：主语+be(was/were)+其他如：I was late yesterday.

否定句：主语+be(was/were)+not+其他如：They were here just now.

一般疑问句：Be(was/were)+主语+其他如：Were they here just now?

回答：----Yes,主语+was/were. ----Yes,they were.

----No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t. ----No,they weren’t.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+其他如：What was your former name?】

注意：be动词有人称和数的变化，要跟主语保持一致，即主语是单数时用was,主语是复数时用were.

2、实义动词的一般过去时态（句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子）

（1）肯定句中要使用动词的过去式.

（2）否定句和疑问句要借助助动词do和does的过去式did.

肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。如：I washed my clothes just now.

否定句：主语+didn’t +动词原形+其他。如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

回答：——Yes,he did./No,he didn’t.

特殊疑问句：

⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?

例题：Mr Michael is out .But he ______here a few minutes ago.

A、was

B、is

C、would be

D、will be

解析：几分钟前发生的动作，应该用一般过去时。应选A.

动词过去式变化规则：

（1）一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked, wash-washed

（2）结尾是e加-d，如：taste-tasted, move-moved, die-died.

（3）末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped, plan-planned.

（4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied, carry-carries, cry-cries. 不规则动词过去式：

am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave, get- got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat bring--brought can-could cut-cut

become-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot

hear-heard keep-kept know-knew learn-learnt （learned） leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-took teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke think-though

3、情态动词的一般过去时态（与含be 动词的一般过去时十分相似）

肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+其他

否定句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+其他举例

一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+主语+其他