英美概况括考前知识点总结

1, 英国名称：The Un ited Kin gdom of Great Brita in and Northern Irela nd)

2, 地理位置：Great Britain is the largest island of the British Isles,

the largest island in Europe and the eighth-largest isla nd in the

world. It lies to the no rthwest of Con ti nen tal Europe, with Irela

nd to the west, and makes up the largest part of the territory of the

state known

as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

Ireland. It is surrounded by over 1,000[citation needed]

smaller isla nds and islets. 或者回答British mai nland

western Europe from Great Britai n and Irela nd, no rth-east and

many nearby islands , She east by the North Sea, the Atlantic

Ocean to the west, up to the North Atlantic off

Icela nd, Yugoslavia and the Europea n continent,

separated only by a strip of water, the English Channel

3, 英国首都：Lon don

4, 组成部分：England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

5, 民族：England Welsh、Scotch、Irish

6, 英国国旗：the Un io n Flag 英国国歌：God Save The Queen天佑女

7, 三次外族入侵：I Roman Conques；43AD, the roman empire

II Anglo-Saxon Conquest ; the late 8th century, Scandinavia,

created a certain cultural divide

between northerners and southerners in England

皿Norman Co nquest ; 1066, Norma ns, William took the

English throne, and became William the First 4, 英国主要河流：River Thames 泰晤士河River Severn 塞文河8，政府组成部分：Monarch，Parliament ，Cabinet

君主制时间：5th century AD

君主的职能：Presided over the opening of parliament , Order in Council approved the signed of an Act of Parliament and meet the Prime Minister and the Queen stands for the British in the world . Such as receiving foreign ambassadors and high commissioners, receiving visiting heads of state, and and accessing overseas countries , the United Kingdom and other countries to support diplomatic and economic rerelations.

君主现处地位：

皇宫：Buckingham Palace

现代君主：Elizabeth II

9，议会历史：Magna Carta

组成部分：Queen\King ,house of lords , house of commons

如何成为两院的议员：To be house of lords: appointed by the

Queen\King

To be house of commons: general election

主要职能：pass the law

10，内阁首脑：Minister

成员：the members of parliament

职能：to persuade parliament to pass laws and vote for taxes\carry out the functions of policy-making

11，英国普选

对象：voters and candidates

选举人：

候选人：成为首相的人选：the leader of the governing party 主要执政党派：the conservation party \the labour party 现任英国的执政党：the labour party

如何成为执政党：The party wins the majority seats in the house of commons 12，英国经济

工业革命之父：瓦特( James Watt )发明：蒸汽机( steam engine ) 13，英国的教育

3 个阶段：primary education ，secondary education ，higher education

2 大分支：public education ，private education

大学教育中的学位：bachelors degree ，doctor degree ，master degree 14，英国文学：

1．英语发展的三个阶段: ① Old English(6 th—11th ):the anglo-saxon

language