动词过去式变化规则大全
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一、规则动词(Regullar Verbs) 的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:
1. 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned
2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved smile--smiled; hope--hoped.
注意:ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.
3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped planned;
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married worried; studied.
注意:规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则:
在浊辅音和元音后面 [d]
called [kɔ:ld] borrowed [bɒrəʊd] moved[mu:vd]
在清辅音后面 [t] helped[helpt] passed[pa:st]
在[t] [d]音后面 [id] started['sta:tid] counted['kauntid]
needed['ni:did] counted['kauntid]补充说明:
二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:
1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
7.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 8.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
9.动词原形中的e改为o,如:
get—got,forget—forgot
10.动词原形中的ee改为e,如:
feed—fed,meet—met
11.动词原形中的eak改为oke,如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
12.动词原形中的ell改为old,如:
sell—sold,tell—told
13.动词原形中的an改为oo,如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
14.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
15.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕16.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
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