现在分词作状语有几种形式
现在分词短语作状语
现在分词短语作状语一、时间状语1.分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。
常用的动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。
此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。
译作"一（刚）……就……"。
此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。
如：Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.（= On hearing their teacher's voice… = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils…）一听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。
2.谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，则用when /while+现在分词的一般式，分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。
此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替。
也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句，该从句的谓语动词用进行时态。
如：Don't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = Don't be careless when / while you are having an exam. 考试时不要粗心。
注：此结构中，不能用其他连接词替换when或while。
3.分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生，则要现在分词的完成式，即having done 的形式。
分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语。
现在分词作状语英语
英语现在分词作状语现在分词具有动词的一些特征，所以现在分词也有时态与语态的变化，同时它又具有形容词和副词的句法功能，所以分词在句中可以充当表语、定语、补语与状语的功能作用。
(一）现在分词的形式（以动词do为例）（二）作状语1)表时间(When) Crossing the street, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework,he went out for a walk.2）表原因Not knowing Chinese, he couldn’t understand what I said.3）表条件(If ) Working hard, you will be successful some day.4）表让步(Though) working hard, he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5）表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking6）结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.（三）与状语从句互换分词作状语当表时间、原因、条件、让步时可以与状语从句互换（分词作状语就相当于一个状语从句）1）表时间Crossing the street（=When the old man was crossing）, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework(After he had done his homework ),he went out for a walk.2）表原因Not knowing Chinese(=Because he didn’t know Chinese ), he couldn’t understand what I said.3）表条件Working hard( If you work hard ), you will be successful some day.4）表让步Working hard (Though he worked hard) , he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5）表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking （不好互换）6）表结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces. （不好互换）注意问题：1.要熟练掌握现在分词的四种表达形式。
现在分词用作状语(九类)
现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词作状语时，可以表示谓语动作的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果。
比如:(1) 作时间状语Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Passing the place, my sense of oppression increased. 经过那地方，我的压抑感便越发厉害。
(2) 作原因状语Being well taken care of, she recoveredquickly.() 她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。
Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。
Stepping carelessly off the pazement, he was knocked down by the bus. 他不小心离开了人行道，被公共汽车撞倒了。
(3) 作条件状语Being advised to talk less, Mary keeps silent while we talk. 要是叫她少说点，当我们说话的时候，玛丽就会保持沉默。
It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。
Being defeated in every battle, the enemy will soon surrender. 要是敌人每场战斗都被打败，那他们就会投降。
现在分词作状语
1. 形式主动形式被动形式一般时doing being done完成时having done having been done否定形式：直接在现在分此前加not2.各形式的意义1)现在分词一般形式表示与谓语动作同时发生。
We walked along the river bank, talking and laughing.2)现在分词完成时表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Having finished the work, she got ready to go shopping.3)现在分词的被动形式a) 一般时：分词与谓语动作同时发生的被动动作The question being discussed is of great importance.b)完成时：分词先于谓语动作之前发生的被动动作Having been seriously hurt in the accident, he had to be taken to hospital immediately.3.功能: 作状语(现在分词可以做时间，条件，结果，让步，方式等状语，相当于相应的状语从句。
)1)伴随状语：分词等于and连接两个句子The children ran out of the classroom. They laughed and talked happily.The children ran out of the classroom，and they laughed and talked happily.The children ran out of the classroom, laughing and talking happily.2)原因状语。
相当于since引导的状语从句She saw nobody at home. She decided to leave them a note.Since she saw nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.We don’t know her address. We couldn't get in touch with her.Since we don’t know her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.3) 时间状语,相当于when引导的状语从句He saw those pictures. He couldn’t help thinking of those unforgettable days in the war.When he saw those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking f those unforgettable days in the war.Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those unforgettable days in the war.4) 条件状语相当于if等引导的条件状语从句，常位于句首Y ou work hard. Y ou will succeed.If you work hard, you will succeed.Working hard, you will succeed.5) 结果状语现在分词表示必然的结果The accident happened last night. The accident caused three deaths.The accident happened last night, and the accident caused three deaths. The accident happened last night, causing three deaths.注意1：不是每个状语从句都能用现在分词替换只有当分词和句子的主语一致时，才能用分词替换．After the class is over, the children went back home.When he saw those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking f those unforgettable days in the war.注意2：现在分词作状语时，分词和句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主谓关系（主动）We are sitting here, making notes.make的动作由主语we发出注意3: 如果分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，则在分词结构前加逻辑主语，构成分词的独立主格结构When all the guests have arrived, the meeting was declared open.All the guests having arrived,the meeting was decleared open.注意4: 现在分词独立成分的特殊使用：generally speaking(一般来说);frankly speaking(坦白的说);exactly speaking(严密/确切的说);judging from/by…(根据～判断);Generally speaking,girls are more interested in leterature than boys. Judging from her accent,she must come from Arabian countries.。
现在分词作状语
4. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _____ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. (福建2010) A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent
Having been translated ______________________into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. ( translate ) Having finished _____________his homework , he went to bed. ( finish )
T
Practice
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
现在分词作状语
常
见 •Lost in thought ,….
Compared with Shanghai,…. 分 Encouraged by his words,…. 词 Aborbed in a novel,…… Caught in the rain,…. Seated in the back,…. Seriously injured in the leg,…..
D
Practice :
3. _________ the last bus , he had to go home by taxi. A Not catching B Catching not C Having not caught D Not having caught
D
Practice :
4. ________ at night , the cry of the wolf made everyon ________. A Hearing … frightening B Hearing ….frightened C Heard…..frightening D Heard….frightened
doing/ done having done/ having been done
分词或分词短语作状语时， 时间， 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间， 原因，让步，条件， 原因，让步，条件，方式或伴随状语。 通常可以转换成相应的状语从句。
时间状语
When I saw the professor, I said hello to him.= Seeing _____________the professor , I said hello to him.= When _________ the professor, I said Seeing hello to him.
现在分词作状语-过去分词作状语-表语-宾补-定语
V-ing（此刻分词）作状语v-ed/done(过去分词 )作状语，表语，定语，宾补一．此刻分词的形式形式主动形被动形式否认形式式一般式doing being notdone doing/beingdone达成式having having notdone been done having(been)done二．此刻分词作状语辨析：动词的 -ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语的差别。
句子功能例句1.作时间状语，相当于Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by awhen,while,as,after 等指引car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was 的时间状语从句knocked over by a car.2.作原由状语，相当于Having eaten too much,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because heas,because,since等指引的原had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.因状语从句3.作条件状语，相当于Using your head,you'll find a good way. =If you use yourif,once,unless等指引的条件head, you'll find a good way.状语从句4. 作方式或陪伴状语，相当于Four people entered the room looking around in a curiousand 连结的并列谓语动词。
way. =Four people entered the room and looked around ina curious way.5. 作结果状语，可扩展为有并It rained heavily,causing flooding in that city.=It列谓语的句子。
现在分词做伴随状语
大家来找茬：1. She s Nhomakorabeat at the desk, and reading a newspaper.
2. He said it angrily, pointed at the notice on the wall.
现在分词做伴随状语在作文中的应用
找出现在分词做伴随状语的句子：
On the Lunar New Year Eve, we all gather together, having a big family reunion dinner. Then follows the Spring Gala, in the evening the whole family are sitting together, watching TV, when many a star will turn up on the stage, bringing us so much pleasure that we are drowned in admiring their performances. Meanwhile, many people stay up all the night, playing all kinds of games.
Thank you
如何写出一个现在分词做伴随状语的句子:
例句：许多人一整晚熬夜不睡，玩各种各样的游戏 1. Many people stay up all the night Many people play all kinds of games.
2. Many people stay up all the night and play all kinds of games.
现在分词做作状语
现在分词做作状语分词作为状语是一种常见的用法，它可以修饰句子的主语、谓语、宾语或整个句子。
根据分词的形式和用法，可以分为以下几种情况：1. 现在分词作主语状语：现在分词可以单独作主语状语，表示伴随动作或状态。
例如：- Swimming is a good way to keep fit. (游泳是保持健康的好方法。
)- Running in the morning is refreshing. (早晨跑步很令人神清气爽。
)2. 现在分词作时间状语：现在分词可以表示时间状况，常用的有while, when, before, after等引导词。
例如：- While studying, he listened to music. (他一边学习，一边听音乐。
)- After finishing his homework, he went out for a walk. (做完作业后，他出去散步了。
)3. 现在分词作原因状语：现在分词可以表示原因或理由。
例如：- Being tired, she went to bed early. (她累了，所以早早上床睡觉了。
)- Having missed the bus, he had to walk home. (他错过了公交车，只能步行回家了。
)4. 现在分词作结果状语：现在分词可以表示结果，常用的情况有so, therefore等引导词。
例如：- He studied hard so as to pass the exam. (他努力学习，以便通过考试。
)- The weather was bad, so they stayed at home. (天气不好，所以他们呆在家里。
)。
现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况
现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况：1．分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。
常用的动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。
此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。
译作"一（刚）……就……"。
此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。
如：Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.（= On hearing their teacher's voice… = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils…）一听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。
2．谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，则用when /while+现在分词的一般式，分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。
此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替。
也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句，该从句的谓语动词用进行时态。
如：Don't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = Don't be careless when / while you are having an exam. 考试时不要粗心。
注：此结构中，不能用其他连接词替换when或while。
3．分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生，则要现在分词的完成式，即having done的形式。
分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语。
动名词和现在分词做状语
动名词和现在分词做状语动名词和现在分词作状语都是动词的一种非谓语形式，属于动词性状语，可以用来表示主句中动作的伴随情况，或者指出主句中动作发生的时间、原因、方式等，有时也可以体现主句中动作的效果。
一、动名词作状语动名词作状语是指用动名词来表示主句中的动作，它包括“-ing形式”和“to do形式”。
1. -ing形式动名词的-ing形式是指使用动词的现在分词形式，它可以用来表示主句所述的动作的伴随情况，它可以用来修饰动词，也可以用来修饰名词、形容词或副词，甚至可以单独作状语。
e.g. I found him walking in the street.他我发现他在街上走。
2. to do形式动名词的to do形式是指使用不定式形式，它一般表示主句中动作的目的或意图，它可以用来修饰动词，也可以用来修饰名词、形容词或副词，甚至可以单独作状语。
e.g. He left early to catch the train.他早早离开是为了赶火车。
二、现在分词作状语现在分词也可以作状语，它表示主句中的动作发生的时间、原因、方式等，有时也可以体现主句中动作的效果。
1. 表示时间现在分词常用来表示一个动作发生的时间，可以用来修饰动词，也可以用来修饰名词、形容词或副词，甚至可以单独作状语。
e.g. Arriving late, he found his seat occupied.他迟到了，发现自己的座位被占了。
2. 表示原因现在分词常用来表示一个动作发生的原因，它一般作为状语放在主句的前面。
e.g. Being sick, he stayed home.他因为生病，所以留在家中。
3. 表示方式现在分词常用来表示一个动作的方式，它一般作为状语放在主句的前面。
e.g. Taking a taxi, we got there in no time.我们坐出租车很快就到了。
4. 表示效果现在分词常用来表示一个动作的效果，它一般作为状语放在主句的前面。
现在分词作状语用
现在分词作状语用现在分词作状语，其实多数情况下是现在分词和它的连带成分一起作状语，即现在分词短语作状语，相当于其相应的状语从句。
多数情况下置于句首，也可置于句末。
例：1.作时间状语Entering the classroom, the students began to read English.一进教室，学生们就开始读英语。
（相当于As soon as/After they entered the classroom）2.作原因状语The girl doesn't feel like eating any food, being ill for a few days.女孩不想吃任何食物，她病了好几天了。
（相当于Because she has been ill for a few days或Because of her being ill for a few days）3.作条件状语Working hard, he will succeed in passing the English examination.努力学习的话，他就可以通过英语考试。
（相当于从句If he works hard）4.作让步状语Being tired after work, he still insists on studying French.下班后很累，他任然坚持学习法语。
（相当于Though he is tired after work或Though tired after work）5.作结果状语People all over the world sing the song, making it popular.全世界的人都唱这首歌，使它流行了起来。
（相当于so that they make it popular）6.作方式状语Travelling by car , we enjoyed many beautifull places.乘车旅行，我们欣赏了很多优美地方。
现在分词作状语的种类
现在分词作状语的分类☆现在分词表示主动、进行的动作。
☆现在分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
▲作时间状语﹡Hearing the news, he got frightened.= When he heard the news, - - -﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.= After he had eaten his dinner, - - -▲作原因状语﹡Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.=Because he was poor, - - -﹡Having lived with the girl for 5 years,=Because we had lived with the girl for 5 years, - - -▲作结果状语﹡Mary failed all her exams, making both her parents very angry.玛丽未能通过一门考试，这是她父母非常生气。
﹡The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.▲作条件状语﹡Listening to English every day, you’ll learn it well step by step.=If you listen to English every day, - - -﹡Using your head, you’ll find a good way.=If you use your head, - - -▲作让步状语﹡Working so hard, he failed again.=If you work so hard, - - -﹡Living miles away, he attended the course.= Although he lived miles away, - - -虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。
现在分词作状语的用法
用作状语的分词称为分词从句或分词短语，用于表示句子中与主动词同时发生或在主动词之后发生的动作。
以下是将分词用作状语的一些常见方法：
分词短语：分词短语是分词加上任何宾语、补语和/或修饰语。
例如，“在公园散步时，她看到了一只兔子”。
在这句话中，“walking in the park”是分词短语，作为状语修饰“she saw”。
现在分词：现在分词是由动词的基本形式加上“-ing”构成的。
例如，“工作到很晚，她半夜才回家”。
在这句话中，“Working late”是现在分词，作为状语修饰“she didn't get home until midnight”。
过去分词：过去分词通常通过在规则动词后加“-ed”或对不规则动词使用第二种形式来构成。
例如，“完成项目，他去度假了”。
在这句话中，“Finished with the project”是过去分词，作为状语修饰“he went on vacation”。
重要的是要记住，如果一个句子中有多个分词从句，分词从句应该相互平行，并且它们的时态也应该与句子的主句一致。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系, 否则不能用现在分词作状语。
但要注意它的各种形式变化:主动形式被动形式一般式V-ing being V-ed完成式having V-ed having been V-ede. g. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom.听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。
(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。
(being built为现在分词的被动形式, 表示动作正在进行之中)Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作, 他就回家了。
现在分词在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词或整个句子, 表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语(通常用不定式表目的地状语)。
1)表时间状语Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.(=While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.)2) 表原因状语Being ill, he didn’t go to school.(=as he was ill, he didn’t go to school.)既然你是一个学生, 你就应该努力学习。
现在分词作状语举例说明
现在分词作状语举例说明
分词作状语，是指分词（动词的现在分词形式或过去分词形式）在句中充当状语，修饰主句的谓语动词，表示时间、原因、条件、方式等等。
以下是一些例子：
1. 时间状语：Having finished my homework, I went out for a walk. （我做完作业后，出去散步了。
）
在这个句子中，动词分词短语“Having finished my homework”作时间状语，说明主句中的动作发生在前一个动作完成之后。
2. 原因状语：Being tired, she decided to go to bed early. （她因为累了，决定早点睡觉。
）
在这个句子中，动词分词短语“Being tired”作原因状语，解释了为什么她要早点睡觉。
3. 条件状语：If invited, I will attend the party. （如果被邀请，我会参加派对。
）
在这个句子中，动词过去分词短语“If invited”作条件状语，表示只有在被邀请的情况下，我才会去参加派对。
4. 方式状语：He drove to work, singing loudly all the way. （他一路上唱着大声的歌开车去上班。
）
在这个句子中，动词分词短语“singing loudly”作方式状语，说明他开车去上班的方式。
这些例子展示了分词作状语的不同用法。
需要注意的是，分词作状语时一般放在句子的前面或者后面，如果在句子的前面，要用逗号将其与主句分开。
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当分词的动作是由主语发出，而 且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分 词的完成形式．
Having finished the class, she went home.
=After she finished the class…
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1.现在分词何时用一般形式?
⑴当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且 和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一 般形式．
He was ill and didn’t attend the meeting.
=Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
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⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动 作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立 即发生,也用分词的一般形式.
Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.
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现在分词作状语相当于状语从 句可表时间，原因，方式，伴 随情况，结果或条件等
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(1)相当于原因状语从句
a. Being ill, she didn’t g to school today.
=As she is ill, … b. Having seen the film ,he didn’t
现在分词作状语有几种形式
现在分词作状语有四种形式 1.一般形式，由动词原形＋ing构成． 2.完成形式，由having+过去分词． 3.进行被动式：由being＋过去分词 4.完成被动式：由having been＋过去
分词构成
现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not (never)
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(5)表示条件 If playing all day ,you will
waste your valuable time.
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注意1：不是每个状语从句都能用 分词替换
只有当分词的逻辑主语是句子 的主语时，才能用分词替换．
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We are sitting here, making notes. make的动作由主语我们 发出
C. Making B. makes 现C在.分ma词d表e 结D.果to状m语ake
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3. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ___A____ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing
go to the cinema with them. =Because he had seen the film ,…
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（2）相当于时间状语从句
Turning around (=When she turned around), she saw an ambulance driving up.
=If we judge…
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Generally speaking, every spy has a contact.
Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
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高考链接
1.The secretary worked late into the night, _B____a long speech for the president.
Time permitting, I’ll call on you this Sunday.
He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
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分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻辑 主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用来 修饰全句
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
A. To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 现在分词作伴随状语
B. 2.European football is played in 80 countries, ___A___ it the most popular sport in the world.
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(3)表示行为方式，伴随情况或 补充说明等
The students went away, running and laughing.
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(4)表示结果
a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.
b. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.
Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由the boy承受
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注意2：如果分词和句子没有 逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能用 单个的分词作状语，可以用分 词的独立主格结构或状语从 句．
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现在分词的独立结构为名词或代 词＋分词，名词或代词是分词的 逻辑主语
现在分词作伴随状语
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4. __C__ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having
received D. Having not received 作原因状语
现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否 定词通常放在现在分词前面。
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3.现在分词何时用进行被动式？
当分词的动作由主语承受，而且 分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生 时．
Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.
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4.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？ 当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示 的动作之前发生，且分词表示的 动作由主语承受．