现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)
现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)
谓语动词: 有提示词, 句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构)I. I _______ (tell) by my classmates about that.2. My mother often __________ (stop) me from watching TV.时态语态变化, 及主谓一致非谓语动词(主动---doing , 被动 ---done, 目的/结果/将要 to do ,)1. We must also consider the reaction of the person __________ (receive) the gift.2. My pupils, Tom__________ (include), liked her.1. He entered, ________ (hold) a book in his hand.2. He entered the room and _______ (hold) a book in his hand.3. I politely refused her invitation and _____ (walk) away.4. I politely refused her invitation, ______ (walk) away.两个动词是同时发生的时候主语+ 谓语1 + and / but + 谓语 2主语+ 谓语，+非谓语1. When he _______ (come) in, I was reading a book.2. Unless I ________ (invite), I won’t attend he party.3. When _____ (hear) the news, I was excited.4. Unless ____ (invite), I won’t attend he party.--- When / if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语 +非谓语（--- ing /---ed ) , 主句---When / if / unless / /After /Before等连词+ 主语 + 谓语，主句1. A boy ________( call ) Jack came here today2. A boy who ________( call ) Jack came here today3. We enjoy the movie _________ (direct) by a world famous artist.4. We enjoy the movie which_________ (direct) by the world famous artist.名词后没关系词时+ 非谓语, 非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语1.“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _______ (run) away.2.He said thanks and ____ (smile) a row of teeth.3.When first ___________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed greatsuccess.4.When he_______( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend.5.________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.6.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ (know) only to people withspecific knowledge.[例1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. （2011广东卷）[例2] He spit it out, __37___(say) it was awful. （2010广东卷）[例3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A. suggestB. suggestsC. suggestedD. suggestingturn1. If you _____to the left, you'll find the post office.2. _____ to the left, and you'll find the post office.3. to the left , you'll find the post office .[例4] She wished that he was as easy 32 (please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume．（2009广东卷）see（1）_______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car.（2）_______ the dog come over, our friend ran away.（3）_______ from the top of a hill, and you’ ll find the city more beautiful. （4）_______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it.1. When ____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.2.__________ with other top students, you are better.discuss（1）The question _________________now at the meeting is very important.（2）The question ________ at the meeting last week is very important.（3）The question __________________ at the meeting next week is very important.1._____many times, but he still couldn't understand it.2. _____many times, he still couldn't understand it.A. Having been toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. To be told1.He is the best one ______ (do) the job.2.He was considered the first man _______________ (invent) the telephone.动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用to have done1. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (lose)2. of playing football, he went back to the classroom. (tire)3. with difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. (face)有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in; be interested in; be tired of; be satisfied with ; be excited about; be faced with; be dressed in；be seated1.He hurried to the booking office， only _____________ (tell) that all the ticketshad been sold out.to do表示结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果, 常用only强调。
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法现在分词作状语：①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。
分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。
My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a jobthere.我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。
The child fell，striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。
In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。
Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowingfor(考虑到),generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。
如：Talking of this film, its wonderful.说到这部电影，好极了。
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today.根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。
2022届高考英语语法精讲精练：现在分词
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（现在分词）考点清单一、现在分词作状语要点精讲：1. 现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系；2.现在分词一般式doing表示与谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；having done则表示该动作先于谓语动作发生。
例1：Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.（作时间状语，相当于When she saw those pictures）例2：Being ill, he didn’t go to school. （作原因状语，相当于As he was ill）例3：He sat on the sofa, watching TV.（作伴随状语，相当于He sat on the sofa and watched TV.）例4：Her mother died in 1990, l eaving her with her younger brother. （作结果状语，相当于and left…）例5：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. （作时间状语，先回信后阅读）【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.2. He was busy writing a story, only (stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.3. (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.【答案与解析】1. Finding。
find与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词。
现在分词作状语
Grammar 2–1. Filling in the blanks.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below and rewrite them.
think know sit see leave
1. On_s_e_e_in_g_ her, the king immediately falls in love with her. When the king sees her, he immediately falls in love with her
She picked up the cat and rubbed its head affectionately.
Picking up the cat, she rubbed its head affectionately.
The bear came out of the bushes, showed its teeth and made a lot noise. Showing his teeth and making a loud noise, the bear came out of the bushes.
2) Filling:
Fill in the blanks to finish the following sentences.
Filling：
1. _H_e_a_r_i_n_g_(hear) the sad news, they couldn’t help crying.
2. _B_e_in_g__(be) very angry, she couldn’t go to sleep.
4. European football is played in 80
现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)
谓语动词：有提示词，句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构)1.1 ______ (tell) by my classmates about that.2. My mother ofte n ________ (stop) me from watch ing TV.时态语态变化,及主谓一致非谓语动词(主动---doi ng, 被动---do ne, 目的/结果/将要to do ,)1. We must also con sider the react ion of the pers on ___ (receive) the gift.2. My pupils, Tom ________ (in clude), liked her.1. He en tered, _____ (hold) a book in his hand.2. He en tered the room and ____ (hold) a book in his hand.3. I politely refused her in vitatio n and (walk) away.4. I politely refused her in vitatio n, (walk) away.两个动词是同时发生的时候主语+谓语1 + and / but + 谓语2主语+谓语，+非谓语1. When he ________ (come) in, I was readi ng a book.2. Uni ess I ______ (in vite), I won 'atte nd he party.3. When _____ (hear) the n ews, I was excited.4. Uni ess __ (in vite), I won 'atte nd he party.---When/ if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语 + 非谓语(---ing /---ed ), 主句---Whe n / if / un less / /After /Before 等连词 + 主语 + 谓语，主句1. A boy _______ ( call ) Jack came here today2. A boy who ________ ( call ) Jack came here today3. We enjoy the movie ________ (direct) by a world famous artist.4. We enjoy the movie which ________ (direct) by the world famous artist.名词后没关系词时+非谓语，非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语1. You can 'catch me! ” Janet shouted, _______ (run) away.2. He said tha nks and __ (smile) a row of teeth.3. When first ___________ (in troduce) to the market, these products enjoyed greatsuccess.4. When he _______ ( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend.5. ________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.6. Don 'tuse words, expressi ons, or phrases ___ (know) only to people withspecific kno wledge.[例 1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man18 _ (sit) at the fro nt. ( 2011 广东卷)[例 2] He spit it out, __37 (say) it was awful. ( 2010 广东卷)[例 3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ____________ t hat we mayn eed a n ati on wide campaig n to raise aware ness of the risks of smok ing.A. suggestB. suggestsC. suggestedD.suggest ingturn1. If you ___ to the left, you'll find the post office.2. ____ to the left, and you'll find the post office.3. to the left , you'll find the post office .[例 4] She wished that he wasas easy 32 _____ (please)as her mother ,who was alwaysdelighted with perfume . (2009 广东卷)see(1)_______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car.(2)_______ the dog come over, our friend ran away.(3) _______ from the top of a hill, and you ' II find the city more beautiful.(4) _______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it.1. When _____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.2. _________ with other top stude nts, you are better.discuss(1) ___________________________ The question now at the meeting is very important.(2) ___________________ The question at the meeting last week is very important.(3) _____________________________ The questi on at the meeti ng n ext week is very importa nt.1. ____ many times, but he still could n't understand it.2. ____ many times, he still could n't un dersta nd it.A. Havi ng bee n toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. To be told1. He is the best one ____ (do) the job.2. He was con sidered the first man ______________ (invent) the teleph one.动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用to have done1. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (lose)2. ___ of_play ing football, he went back to the classroom. (tire)3. ___ with_difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. (face)有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in; be interested in; be tired of; be satisfied with ; be excited about;be faced with; be dressed in ； be seated1. He hurried to the booking office ， only ______________ (tell) that all the ticketshad bee n sold out.to do表示结果一表示出人预料的情况或结果，常用only强调。
现在分词做状语 英语
现在分词做状语英语
现在分词可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、条件等。
通常现在分词作为状语时，放在句子的前面或后面，以修饰整个句子或其中的某个成分。
以下是几个例子：
时间状语：Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
（他完成了作业后，就去睡觉了。
）
原因状语：Feeling sick, she stayed home from work.
（因为感到不舒服，她没去上班。
）
方式状语：She read the book, carefully taking notes as she went along.
（她读书的时候，认真地做笔记。
）
条件状语：If you want to lose weight, exercising regularly and eating a healthy diet are essential.
（如果你想减肥，经常锻炼和健康饮食是必不可少的。
）
需要注意的是，现在分词作为状语时，要注意主句和分词之间的逻辑关系。
此外，现在分词也可以和其他的状语一起使用，例如连词and，or等。
现在分词用作状语(九类)
现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词作状语时，可以表示谓语动作的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果。
比如:(1) 作时间状语Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Passing the place, my sense of oppression increased. 经过那地方，我的压抑感便越发厉害。
(2) 作原因状语Being well taken care of, she recoveredquickly.() 她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。
Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。
Stepping carelessly off the pazement, he was knocked down by the bus. 他不小心离开了人行道，被公共汽车撞倒了。
(3) 作条件状语Being advised to talk less, Mary keeps silent while we talk. 要是叫她少说点，当我们说话的时候，玛丽就会保持沉默。
It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。
Being defeated in every battle, the enemy will soon surrender. 要是敌人每场战斗都被打败，那他们就会投降。
现在分词短语作状语要点总结
现在分词短语作状语要点总结现在分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步或补充说明等不同含义。
Coming into the room, he found the books. 他一进屋就找到了书。
（时间）Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. 因为病了，他没有参加会议。
（原因）Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力就会成功。
（条件）The girls went out of the room, laughing and talking, 姑娘们又说又笑地走出房间。
（伴随）He came here running. 他跑着来到这里。
（方式）At he age of three, his mother died, leaving him an orphan. 他三岁时丧母，成了孤儿。
（结果）She went away, walking south. 她离开了，向南方走去。
（补充说明）由以上例句可以看出，分词短语作状语时，若表示时间、条件或原因，通常要放在句首；表示伴随（也可放在句首）、方式、结果或补充说明的分词短语，通常要放在句尾。
现在分词作状语时要注意以下六个要点：1. 现在分词可以与when, while, if ,though等连词一起使用，使状语意义更加明确。
如：Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路要当心。
If falling ill, I’ll stay home taking a good rest. 如果生了病，我要在家好好休息。
Though not understanding French, they had a very good time in Paris this summer. 虽然他们不懂法语，但是，今年夏天他们在巴黎过得很愉快。
2. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常应与句子主语保持一致，也就是说句子的主语应是现在分词动作的执行者。
分词 (现在分词,过去分词)作 状语
可以表示时间，原因，条件，结果，伴随，让步等情况。
举例：1.Seeing from the top of the mountain，he saw a beautiful city.2.Her mother died in 2001，leaving her with her younger brother.3.Having read the letter from her daughter，he sat down with relief.4.Not having received any letter from him, I gave him a call.对比：Not knowing his dress，she went to a policeman for help.5.Seen from the top of the mountain，Chongqing is a beautiful city.6.The child learns fast，well brought up by his parents.7.Being struck by the heavy storm，they felt helpless.8.Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake. 总结：分词做状语的表现形式及区别注意点：1. 表示时间关系的分词短语有时候可以由while/when引出。
Eg：When offered help，one often says，“thank you”.Be careful when crossing the street.2.有些分词货不定式短语作状语，其形式不受上下文限制，我们称其为独立成分。
常见的有：Generally/frankly speaking；Judging from/by；Considering/ taking .....into consideration；To tell you the truth；Seeing....考虑到；Supposing....假如，如果；Provided (that)....如果；3.独立主格的问题。
现在分词作状语
4. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _____ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. (福建2010) A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent
Having been translated ______________________into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. ( translate ) Having finished _____________his homework , he went to bed. ( finish )
T
Practice
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
高中英语知识点归纳分词作状语的常见形式
高中英语知识点归纳分词作状语的常见形式分词作状语指的是分词在句子中修饰主句动词，起到状语的作用。
在高中英语中，学习分词作状语是一个重要的语法知识点。
下面将介绍分词作状语的常见形式。
一、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语表示的动作与主句动作同时进行。
1. 表示伴随状况例如：- She entered the room, smiling.她一边走进房间，一边微笑着。
- The girl sat on the bench, reading a book.那个女孩坐在长凳上，一边读书。
2. 表示原因状况例如：- Being tired, he went to bed early.因为疲倦，他早早上床睡觉了。
- The weather being bad, they stayed at home.由于天气不好，他们呆在家里。
3. 表示条件状况例如：- I will go to the park, weather permitting.天气允许的话，我会去公园。
- We went out, the rain having stopped.雨停了，我们出去了。
4. 表示方式、手段状况例如：- He ran to the bus stop, hoping to catch the bus.他跑到公交车站，希望能赶上公交车。
- The boy solved the math problem, using the formula he had learned.这个男孩用他学过的公式解了这个数学问题。
二、过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示的动作发生在主句动作之前。
1. 表示时间状况例如：- Having finished his homework, he went out to play.他完成了作业后，出去玩了。
- We arrived at the airport, having missed the flight.我们到达机场时，航班已经错过了。
现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍
现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍你知道现在分词在句子中的用法吗？下面是小编收集的现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍。
欢迎阅读！一、分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。
当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式；当所表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。
完成或被动关系用过去分词。
二、现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应该与句子的主语一致，但有时现在分词的主语与其所在句中的主语并不一致，这种现在分词即所谓的`垂悬现在分词。
垂悬现在分词容易使句意模糊，甚至造成歧义，因而通常被认为是不合规范或错误的用法。
1.Searching along the deck，it had taken him some time to find a doctor.他沿着甲板找了好久才找到一名医生。
(searching的逻辑主语是句中的him)2.Walking or sleeping，this subject was always in my mind.不论是走路或睡觉，我总是在想着这个问题。
(walking or sleeping的逻辑主语是句中的my)3.Traveling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳4.The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果让学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
5.The argument is very convincing.他的论点很令人信服。
6.They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
三、现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等连词。
1 现在分词、过去分词、不定式做状语讲解
现在分词／过去分词／不定式做状语详讲及分析一．现在分词做状语（表原因，时间，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况，现在分词与主句的主语一致，且形成主谓关系,就是说现在分词的动作发出者是主句的主语．例如：①Hearing the got excited. (When they heard the news, they got excited.)现在分词逻辑主语.从这个例句中看出，现在分词的发出者是主句的主语they,且主句的主语与现在分词形成主谓关系② She got home, feeling very tired.逻辑主语现在分词主句的主语与feeling 形成主谓关系③Crossing the road, I saw a girl crying. (When I was crossing the road, I saw a girl crying.)注：当句主句的主语与从句的动词表示动作正在进行．除了省略其连接词be 动词．When he was climbing the step, he heard terrible voice.Because he is a child, he can’t enter into the interbar.’t enter into the interbarbe 动词的现在分词形式．即Being excited, he speaks incoherently.(Because he is excited, he speaks incoherently.)ll go camping. ’ll go camping.)从上面中可以看出，主句中的主语与从句中的主语不一致。
从句中的主语与现在分词形成主谓关系。
因此，现在分词前不能省略其主语⑦He sat in the chair, his glaring eyes looking at her.⑧I feel very excited, because this is my fist time to won the first..①(knowing为一般式)②从上句的句意中得知，买票的动作发生在进电影院之前。
现在分词短语做状语
语法知识篇：作状语的现在分词短语现在分词短语可以用作状语，修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。
这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
下面分述如下：一、作时间状语如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生，分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词while或when。
例如：①Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.(＝When they heard the news，they...)听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
②Walking slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.他慢慢地走过草地，把枪对准狮子就射击了。
③One day，while walking along the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot.有一天，克鲁索沿着沙滩走向他的船时，在沙子里看见一个人的脚印。
如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。
这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。
如果用一般式就会给人感觉到似乎是"某人在做某事时就开始做某事"，容易产生误解。
但是，如果现在分词是hear，see等表示感官的动词或是leave，arrive，turn，open等表示位置转换或情况改变的动词，现在分词所表示的动作发生后，主句的动作往往紧接着发生，那就不必用完成式，仍用一般式。
例如：①Having watered the flowers(＝After／When he had watered the flowers)，he began to cut the grass.他把花浇好后，开始割草。
现在分词作状语用
现在分词作状语用现在分词作状语，其实多数情况下是现在分词和它的连带成分一起作状语，即现在分词短语作状语，相当于其相应的状语从句。
多数情况下置于句首，也可置于句末。
例：1.作时间状语Entering the classroom, the students began to read English.一进教室，学生们就开始读英语。
（相当于As soon as/After they entered the classroom）2.作原因状语The girl doesn't feel like eating any food, being ill for a few days.女孩不想吃任何食物，她病了好几天了。
（相当于Because she has been ill for a few days或Because of her being ill for a few days）3.作条件状语Working hard, he will succeed in passing the English examination.努力学习的话，他就可以通过英语考试。
（相当于从句If he works hard）4.作让步状语Being tired after work, he still insists on studying French.下班后很累，他任然坚持学习法语。
（相当于Though he is tired after work或Though tired after work）5.作结果状语People all over the world sing the song, making it popular.全世界的人都唱这首歌，使它流行了起来。
（相当于so that they make it popular）6.作方式状语Travelling by car , we enjoyed many beautifull places.乘车旅行，我们欣赏了很多优美地方。
现在分词作状语
-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、 后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要 的动作。如：
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.
现在分词作状语
-ing分词作状语可以表 示时间、原因、结果、 条件、让步、方式或伴 随情况等。
While Reading the book, he nodded from time to time.
他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
After having dinner, she went out for a walk. 吃完晚饭，她出去散步。
• 分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻 辑主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用 来修饰全句
• Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
• =If we judge…
• Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成 了碎片。
可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 行
现在分词作状语
4．作结果状语 现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔 开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。 The fire lasted a whole night，causing great damage. 大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。 [名师点津] 现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发 生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子 所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果 状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构其被 动形式为only to be done。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
二、现在分词作状语注意事项 1．现在分词的时态
现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分 词的一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。 (1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用 分词的一般式。 Walking in the street，I met an old friend of mine. 我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓 语动词met同时发生)
3．动词ing形式的否定式：not＋v.ing；not having＋v.ed Not knowing this，he didn't come. 他不知道这件事，所以没来。 Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting. 因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
Part Ⅱ Grammar——现在分词作状语
[思维导图]
一、现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词(短语)在句中作状语用来修饰谓语动词或整个
句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让 步或伴随状况。
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谓语动词: 有提示词, 句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构)I. I _______ (tell) by my classmates about that.2. My mother often __________ (stop) me from watching TV.时态语态变化, 及主谓一致非谓语动词(主动---doing , 被动---done, 目的/结果/将要to do ,)1. We must also consider the reaction of the person __________ (receive) the gift.2. My pupils, Tom__________ (include), liked her.1. He entered, ________ (hold) a book in his hand.2. He entered the room and _______ (hold) a book in his hand.3. I politely refused her invitation and _____ (walk) away.4. I politely refused her invitation, ______ (walk) away.两个动词是同时发生的时候主语+ 谓语1 + and / but + 谓语2主语+ 谓语，+非谓语1. When he _______ (come) in, I was reading a book.2. Unless I ________ (invite), I won’t attend he party.3. When _____ (hear) the news, I was excited.4. Unless ____ (invite), I won’t attend he party.--- When / if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语+非谓语（--- ing /---ed ) , 主句---When / if / unless / /After /Before等连词+ 主语+ 谓语，主句1. A boy ________( call ) Jack came here today2. A boy who ________( call ) Jack came here today3. We enjoy the movie _________ (direct) by a world famous artist.4. We enjoy the movie which_________ (direct) by the world famous artist.名词后没关系词时+ 非谓语, 非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语1.“You can’t catch me!” Jan et shouted, _______ (run) away.2.He said thanks and ____ (smile) a row of teeth.3.When first ___________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.4.When he_______( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend.5.________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.6.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______(know) only to people with specificknowledge.[例1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. （2011广东卷）[例2] He spit it out, __37___(say) it was awful. （2010广东卷）[例3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A. suggestB. suggestsC. suggestedD. suggestingturn1. If you _____to the left, you'll find the post office.2. _____ to the left, and you'll find the post office.3. to the left , you'll find the post office .[例4] She wished that he was as easy 32 (please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume．（2009广东卷）see（1）_______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car.（2）_______ the dog come over, our friend ran away.（3）_______ from the top of a hill, and you’ ll find the city more beautiful.（4）_______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it.1. When ____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.2.__________ with other top students, you are better.discuss（1）The question _________________now at the meeting is very important.（2）The question ________ at the meeting last week is very important.（3）The question __________________ at the meeting next week is very important.1._____many times, but he still couldn't understand it.2. _____many times, he still couldn't understand it.A. Having been toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. To be told1.He is the best one ______ (do) the job.2.He was considered the first man _______________ (invent) the telephone.动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用to have done1. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (lose)2. of playing football, he went back to the classroom. (tire)3. with difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. (face)有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in; be interested in; be tired of; be satisfied with ; be excited about; be faced with; be dressed in；be seated1.He hurried to the booking office，only _____________ (tell) that all the tickets had beensold out.to do表示结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果, 常用only强调。
2.European football is played in 80 countries, ____________ (make) it the most popular sportin the world.分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果。
His father died last year, (leave) him a large fortune.1. The flowers sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt“闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰主语flowers。
感官动词没有被动。
v-ing作状语的分类☆一般来说，v-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
▲doing sth.作时间状语：﹡(see) my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.﹡(cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he (cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.﹡When (hear) the news, he got frightened.= When he (hear) the news, he got frightened.﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy (rush) out.﹡(hear) their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.﹡(not receive) his letter, I decided to write another letter.▲doing sth.作原因状语：(be) a teacher，you should help your students in every way.(be) poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.(not know) her address, I can't write to her.(live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.(eat) too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.▲doing sth.作结果状语：﹡There is mud and water everywhere, (make) it difficult to travel from place to place. 现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性（自然结果）。