分词作状语用法

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分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。

分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。

一、现在分词作状语

一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。

Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life.

Being ill, she can't go to work today.

The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping.

1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.

A. hoped

B. hoping

C. to hope

D. hope

2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared

B. seized; disappeared

C. seizing; disappearing

D. seized; disappearing

二、现在分词的时态语态

1. 现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。

例如：The students standing there are from Class Three.

The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October.

2. 现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。

例如：Having finished all the work, they had a good rest.

Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down.

Given more time, we will finish the work in time.

3. 现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。

例如：Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying.

Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity.

1. _______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.

A. Suffered

B. Suffering

C. Having suffered

D. Being suffered

2. Finding her car stolen, _______.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

二、过去分词作状语

过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。

The mother came in, followed by her son.

When heated，water will be turned into steam.

Deeply moved by the film, we all cried.

Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling.

1．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.

A. To see

B. Seen

C. Seeing

D. See

2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.

A. being founded

B. Founded

C. It was founded

D. Founding

三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别

1. 分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。

2. V-ing表示主动、进行的动作；2. 过去分词表示被动。

Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant.

Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his childhood.

1. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

A. To wait

B. Have waited

C. Having waited

D. To have waited

2. ____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.

A. Leaving

B. Left

C. To be left

D. Having left

3._____ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farms.

A. Attracting

B. Attracted

C. To be attracted

D. Having attracted

4. The children ran out of the room, ______.

A laughed and jumped

B To laugh and jump

C laughing and jumping

D laugh and jump

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.

2. ______ (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.

3. ______ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.

3、连词+分词做状语：分词做状语常和某些连词连用，表示分词是做什么状语，常见的和分词连用的连词有When，because，if，though，once，unless等。

1. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

A. When taking

B. when taken

C. when to take

D. when to be taken

2．______, this film can never been forgotten.

A Once seeing

B once having seen

C Once seen

D Once to see

四、分词作状语相当于状语从句

分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。

一、用作时间状语，分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成由when, while, after, before等引导时间状语从句。

典型例句

Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.

=When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.

高考实例

When ______different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

A. compared

B. being compared

C. comparing

D. having compared

二、用作原因状语，分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句。

Being very weak, she couldn't move.

=As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.

(1) _____with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

A. Faced

B. Face

C. Facing

D. To face

(2) ____for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.