英语高级听力1-12课听力原文
英语新教材高一上全册听力原文汇集.doc[整理][全套] 新
Listening texts to Unit One Good Friends(SB)Situation 1A:Hi, Peter.B: Hi, Jim.A: Peter, I’m not happy about this. This is the third time you are late for football practice! You have to do something about this.B: Uh, I’m sorry, Jim. What’s the big deal? So I’m a few minutes late, what difference does it make?A: What difference does it make? We have to wait for you. Look, everybody is here and ready to play. We don’t like waiting for you. Please try to be on time in the future.B: OK, I will try.Situation 2A: Hi, Ann. Have you seen my calculator?B: Hi, Mary. Oh, I forgot to tell you. I needed a calculator yesterday and I borrowed yours. I hope you don’t mind.A: What? You borrowed my calculator without asking? How could you do that? You always do this, borrowing things from me without asking. And then you don’t return things on time either.B: I’m sorry. I didn’t know you were so upset about it.Situation 3A: Hi, John.B: Hi, Adam. How’s it going?A: Pretty good. Look, I have something I need to tell you.B: OK, what’s up?A: Well, you know I borrowed your CD player yesterday.B: Yes?A: Well, um, I think it’s broken.B: What? Broken! What happened?A: I didn’t do anything. I was just listening to some music when suddenly it stopped. I can’t make it pl ay again.B: Hm, that’s strange. I’ve never had any problems with it before. Are you sure you didn’t do anything to it?A: Yeah, I just listened to it. But don’t worry. I’ll ask my uncle to fix it when he comes back.Listening texts to Unit One (WB)Everybody needs friends. But being a good friend can sometimes be hard work. Learning how to solve problems in a friendship can make you a better friend and a happier person. A common problem between friends is that they don’t know how to talk to each other about difficult things. When they do talk, they often get mad with each other. What can they do? Well, it takes time to learn how to communicate well, and it is important to understand why a friend gets angry with you when you say something. If you know what it is that makes your friend angry, then you can try to talk about the problem in a different way.Another problem that many friends have to deal with is what to do after one of them gets angry or upset. If friends get angry with each other and say something bad because they are angry, they often find it difficult to apologize after the quarrel. The best way to apologize after a quarrel is simply to start by telling each other that you are sorry and then go from there. A simple apology is often enough and is a good starting point. What about friends who can’t keep a secret? Sometimes it seems impossible to keep a secret from becoming a rumour that everyone knows. Shouldn’t a good friend be able to keep a secret? Perhaps, but it is not always that easy to keep a secret, and telling a secret to someone will often put them in a difficult situation — they may have to lie to other friends to keep the secret. The best way to make sure that a secret doesn’t become a rumour is simply to keep it to yourself —don’t tell anyone.Listening texts to VOCABULARY1 “The books are too heavy! I think it’s going to break.”2 “Oh no! I forgot where I put it! I have written down all the important phone numbers.”3 “Yum! You have bought it at last. We can have fried fish for dinner. Mmm (I)can’t wait to put this fish in it. ”4 “Hands up! Don’t move or I’ll shoot. Give me all your money!”5 “Ooooh! I look very nice in this new dress!!!”6 A: I think we’re lost. What should we do now?B: Don’t worry. I have it here and I know how to use it.7 “Ouch! I hit myself with it.”8 A: Hurry up! It’s so dark here. I can’t see anything.9 “It is shaking badly. Am I going to die? Help! … Oh, thank God!”10 “I feel sad when it comes to the part in which the two friends become enemies.”Unit Two English Around the WorldSB Listening text:It's that woman. She drives me crazy. It all started right from the very first day, I would say from the very first evening when I set foot into that house. Good evening, Mr Brown, could you please put your coat on a peg? - Oh no, not there, in the closet, please. Yes, thank you, and oh, your shoes, could you please take them off? Thank you. And eh, your umbrella, yes, could you please put your umbrella in the umbrella stand? Oh no, not there, here! Please don't forget. The key of the front door, here you are, and remember, if you come home after midnight, please lock the door. Good night! Oh Mr Brown, would you please be quiet after nine o'clock in the evening?And that was only the beginning. Mr Brown, don't shower after nine, she shouted. She would walk past my door and say: Mr Brown, would you please remember not to smoke in the bathroom? Could you walk the dog, please? Will you turn down your radio, please? Please, Mr Brown, could you speak quietly on the phone? It was terrible. Oh, I could not have stayed there another week, for sure. And then there was this letter. Dear Mr Brown, it said, could you please return the key of the front door? And one more question. Can you help me find a new tenant for my flat?Listening text to WB ListeningDA VID:What’s it like living in England, Terry?TERRY:Well, I’m having a great time. But I sometimes have a difficulty understanding what people are saying.DA VID:Can you explain that, please? Do you have trouble with our pronunciation?TERRY:No, but there are many words that you use in a different way. I sometimes really don’t understand.DA VID:Can you give an example?TERRY:A woman said she would ring me the next day.DA VID:What’s strange about that?TERRY:We ll, we say, “I’ll call you tomorrow.”DA VID:Now that sounds funny to me!TERRY:There are other things that are different. In the States people stand closer to each other than English people. For example, if I’m talking to English people at a party, I find that they stand quite far away from me.DA VID:Anything else?TERRY:Well, yes. It’s clear to me that English people don’t like touching somebody or being touched. Now in the States, touching is an important part of being friends. Friends touch each other on the arm, for example. And we often put an arm round a friend when we say “Hello” or “Goodbye”.DA VID:No, people in Britain wouldn’t do that.TERRY:So I have to remember not to touch people when I’m in England.DA VID:What else?TERRY:You drive on the left and we drive on the right. I almost got killed on the street, the other day. I wanted to cross the street so I stopped. I looked to the left and started to cross. There was a car coming from my right! Luckily it stopped and didn’t hit me.TEXTS to Unit 3(SB)part 11 Your attention, please. flight CA 1145 from Beijing to Tokyo is now boarding at gateD 45. Please get your boarding cards ready and go to the gate.2 Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attention please? The gate for flight UA 445 from Beijing to Changsha has been changed. The new gate is gate A 15. We will begin boarding in about ten minutes.Thank you.3 Attention all passengers on flight SE 3765 from Beijing to Paris. Your ffight will be twenty minutes late because of bad weather. Please be ready to board the flight at gate E 34. Thank you.part 21 1 am having a great time here. I have seen the Forbidden City and the Great Wall, andI have also been to Tiananmen Square. I came here by train. The train ride was long but nice. I talked to my friends on the train. Wish you were here, John2 Wow, this tower is really tall! We can see almost the whole city from up here! Look, there’s the flag: red, white, and blue. We came here by bus and then we took the lift up to the top of this tower. There is the museum with the famous painting “Mona Lisa”. We went there yesterday. This city is really romantic! I just wish I could speak better French, so I could talk to more people here in this European capital. See you soon, Jenny3 Brrrr! I should have brought more clothes, because it is really cold here! No houses, no trees, just snow and ice as far as you can see. The plane ride took 16 hours and then we had to walk two miles in the snow. There are some strange animals here, big black and white birds who walk on the ice. Oh no, what’s that? Help, it’s a polar bear, run! Mike4 Ah, finally! It took a long time to get here. It was the first time I have been inside a spaceship. This is wonderful. It is so quiet here. When I walk, I can take huge steps I can j ump 10 metres! I just wish we didn’t have to wear these strange clothes. There is no air here. We can see the earth in the distance. I like it here, but I hope I can go back home soon. If you look up at the sky at night you might see me. Gina5 This place is fantastic! Look at all the fish! Wow, it’s good we have enough air, because we can’t breathe here. We had to swim for twenty minutes to get here. It’s difficult to write a postcard here--- the paper is all wet. Oh, look at that big fish, it looks like a SHARK!!! Let’s go! Peter and Tina.Listening Texts toUnit 3 (workbook)Jane and Steve are asking for help at the airportW: Good morning. How can I help you?J: This is the first time we fly and we don’t know what to do. Can you please tell us how to do this?W: OK. First of all, you have to take your tickets and your bags to the check-in counter There, they will take your bags and give you a card that lets you get on the plane. You will also get a card that you can use to pick up your bags when you arrive. Next, you have to pay an airport fee.J: What’s an airport fee?W: It helps pay for the airport It costs about 50 yuan. When you have paid the fee, you must go through a security check. An officer will check your name on a computer and then make sure that you are not bringing anything dangerous onto the plane. Your bags will go through a special machine so that the officers can see what you are bringing. J: It’s good to know that you care about our safety. What do we do after that?W: Then you can go to the gate.J: What’s a gate?W: A gate is the place where you enter the plane. It’s just a door really, and a counter where they check the card you got when you showed your tickets.J: How do we know when it’s time to get on the plane?W: There will be a call about twenty minutes before your plane leaves.J: What do we need to do when we arrive?W: Oh, that’s easy. You just pick up your bags in a special area. When you have your bags, you can go meet your friends.J: Thank you, you have been very helpful.W: Not at all. Have a good flight!LISTENING TEXT to Unit 4(for the student’s book)Part 1I will never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was a quarter past five in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to fetch my daughter from school. Our plan had been to go swimming together. I had finished work at about four o’clock and had then gone to the post office.I was driving along a high road on my way to the school. Over my road was another road for cars going the other way. Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. I slowed down. Then my car started to shake! I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car. I drove even slower. Then the road above started to fall down. I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars in front of me.Part 2I found myself in the dark. I couldn’t move. The bottom part of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them. All around me was quiet, but below me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I remembered what had happened. It became clear to me that I had been in an earthquake.For about two hours nobody came. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road. I called out “I’m here!” I heard a shout. Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the bridge near my car. It took them more than twelve hours to get me out of my car and bring me to a hospital. LISTENING TEXT to Unit 4(workbook)JILL: Do you know any of those four people over there?GRACE: Why sure. The girl who’s wearing glasses, that’s Chrissy. She’s 19. We were at school together. She’s a student now at Nankai University. Do you see the tall guy who’s talking to the man with the hat? I think that’s her new boyfriend.JILL: Oh, he’s really cute. What’s his name?GRACE: He’s called Jack.JILL: What does he do? He looks too young to be a student.GRACE: No, you’re quite wrong there. It’s true that he looks very young, but he’s older th an he looks. In fact, he’s a student at the film academy now, in Beijing. He won the first prize in the National Competition last year.JILL: And what about the middle-aged woman, who’s wearing that purple dress? GRACE: Oh, that’s Ms Brown. Let’s go. I’ll introduce them to you.JILL: Don’t forget to introduce me to Jack.GRACE: Excuse me, Doctor Brown, this is my friend Jill, whom I think you haven’t met before. DR BROWN: Good evening, Miss Jill, nice to meet you.GRACE: Dr Brown is a good friend of my fath er, isn’t it, Dr Brown?DR BROWN: Oh yes, we’ve known each other for years. We work in the same hospital. JILL: And the woman in the purple dress, is she your wife?DR BROWN: Oh no, hahaha. She’s my daughter. Mind you, she’s in her thirties. JILL: What does Miss Brown do?DR BROWN: She teaches Japanese at Nankai University, here in Tianjin.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 5(students’ book)In the dialogue, R = Reporter, L = Malcolm LanglandR: Today, on our programme about the history of modem theatre and film, we will interview Mr Malcolm Langland. He is a famous actor who plays the leading part in the new Shakespeare play in London. Welcome to the studio, Mr Langland.L: Thank you. It’s a pleasure to be here.R: As a first question, I should like to ask you how your career in the theatre started.Have you always wanted to be an actor?L: No, not really. When I was a student, I hoped to become a teacher. I sometimes dreamt of being a film star, but I grew up in a small town in the West. People there don’t have big d reams. When I was young, I looked only at what I thought was possible in our small town. We lived far away from the big cities. We didn’t even have a theatre. Films were shown in the school library. There wasn’t a lot to do.R: When you were eighteen years old, you went to university in Melbourne. You studied law. Why didn’t you study art?L: Because my father did not want me to study art. He said that I could never find a good job as an art student. My father wanted me to study medicine, or engineering.Well, I chose to study law. It was boring to me. In my free time, I joined a Student Club. I spent many, many evenings there. We used to sing, dance and act on the stage.R: And when did you decide to become an actor?L: When I met my wife Fiona at the Student Club. She made me leave university and start a career with her in the theatre.R: You had a job in the theatre before playing in your first film. How did that come about?L: In the first film I acted, I was only given a small part. It was The Dream Machine.Fiona introduced me to the director. I was only a beginning actor, and didn’t have any experience. It was a small beginning, but it was the beginning of my career.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 5(workbook)In the dialogues, I = Interviewer, JE = Jennifer, A = Alex, IA = JamesI: Jennifer, I heard you like films. Do you have a favourite director?JE: Well, there are so many, but I think I still like Spielberg most. I’ve seen most of his films, like Jaws and Jurassic Park, ET, and last week I saw AI.I: What is that film about?JE: AI is about a time in the future when people make robots that love people. The film is about a little boy, who is really a machine. The people throw him away. The biggest dream of the boy is to become a real human person, so that the family will love him. The film shows that true love is for ever.I: What did you think about this film?JE: I like the film a lot because the story is simple but very strong.I: Hi, Alex. Do you often go to the film?A: No, not very much. Tickets for the film are quite expensive you know. But I watch many VCDs and DVDs.I: You’ve brought some with you, haven’t you? Hmm, Batman. Is that one of your favourites?A: Yeah, though at this moment I’m most fond of Spiderman. I like those kinds of stories, in which the good fights against the bad. And wins of course. Very exciting, but also funny.I: Have you seen any other films by Sam Raimi?A: Sam Raimi? No, I had never heard of Raimi before.I: So, James. It’s your turn.JA: Yes, well, I almost never go to see a film, but some time ago a film was shown at school.I: Do you remember the title of that film?JA: I believe it was called Shower, by Zhang Yang.I: Do you remember what the film was about?JA: Yes. I must say, I liked this one. It was about an old bathhouse where many neighbours come every day. The bathhouse keeps the people together. It’s about friendship and family taking care of each other. But when the father dies, the bathhouse is closed and broken down. It’s a bit sad really, because most of the people never see each other again.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 6(students’ book)A: Hi, Cliff, I’m here about returning your bike.B: So, it was you who took it.A: Yeah, we’re friends, so I thought it would be OK.B: Well, listen here. I want you to ask me first.A: Oh, I’m sorry. I only used it to get to school because I was late.B: That’s OK. Just ask me next time, will you?A: Yes, well, there is a bit of a problem.B: What is it?A: I really have to apologise. It’s about your bike.B: What is it about my bike? Where is it?A: That’s the problem. I’m really very sorry, but it was stolen while I was at school. B: Stolen? Didn’t you lock it?A: Of course I locked it. Here’s the key. But when I came back it was gone. I’m really very sorry. I suppose I should pay for it.B: Oh, that’s all right. I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?A: Thanks a lot, Bill. I’m really sorry about the bike.B: That’s OK. Forget it. It was an old bike anyway.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 6(workbook)Dialogue 1BETTY: Oh, hi Wilma. What a surprise to see you! So you’ve come back. Did you have a nice vacation?WILMA: Oh, we had a great time. Fresh air and sunshine every day. We were really lucky with the weather.BETTY: Come on in for a cup of coffee.WILMA: Thanks, but I’ve still a l ot of work to do. I just stopped by with this —it’s for you.BETTY: Oh, Wilma! Thank you. It’s beautiful. I don’t have any plants like this. But you shouldn’t have.WILMA: Well, Fred and I just want to thank you for taking care of our house and watering the plants while we were away.BETTY: Well, what are friends for? You need not bring a gift. Why don’t you come around next week, and we’ll have dinner with Fred and Barney.WILMA: That sounds lovely. I’ll call you on Tuesday.Dialogue 2EMILY: Excuse me, Monica? It’s getting late, so I’m afraid we’ll have to be leaving. MONICA: Oh, so early?EMILY: Well, Jerry’s got to get up and drive to the airport for an eight o’clock plane tomorrow morning.JERRY: We’ve had a wonderful time, Monica. Thank you very much for inviting us. MONICA: Say, Emily, why don’t we meet downtown for lunch some day next week? EMILY: I’d love to.MONICA: There’s a new fish restaurant on the corner of Broad Street.EMILY: Oh, that sounds wonderful.MONICA: I’ll give you a call later on and we can decide the time.JERRY: Emily?EMILY: Oh, we’ve got to go now. Well, it’s been a wonderful evening. Thank you very much.MONICA: Not at all.EMILY: I’ll look forward to your phone call.JERRY: Thanks again. Good night.MONICA: Good night.EMILY: Good night.Listening Text to Unit 7(students’ book)1A: We are standing in front of the main building of this old palace. The palace is called the Winter Palace. On the left, there is a statue of a horse. On the right, there is a large stone elephant. The main building is in the centre.B: Why is this site so important?A: This site is important because it tells us about how people lived in the past.B: What steps have you taken to protect the site?A: Visitors are not allowed to go inside the house. Instead, they can walk around the building and look at the park behind it. There is also a small museum, where visitors can look at pictures of the inside of the house.2. We are standing in front of the Sunshine Temple. This beautiful temple stands between a lake and a mountam. The temple is an important part of our history; many important things happened here, and many poems have been written about the temple. Water from the lake is destroying the temple. We are trying to save the temple by building a wall between the lake and the temple. We will also move some of the things in the temple to the new museum that is being built between the mountain and the village.3. Mt Lu Shan is one of the most beautiful places in China. The mountain is an important part of China’s history and many great leaders have been here. People come here to look at the beautiful mountains and waterfalls. Over here, between Red Sun Mountain and the lake, is the Blue Waterfall, one of the biggest in Lu Shan. Between the lake and the village is the Moon Tower, where people can go look at the moon and stars at night. There are too many cars in Lu Shan and the air is becoming polluted. We are trying to limit the number of cars on the mountain and try to use more buses.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 7(workbook)Why is it so important to protect cultural relics? Well, one reason is that cultural relics can help us understand how people lived in the past. However, it isn’t always easy to know what life was like. Most of the things we use today —sneakers, backpacks, chairs —won’t be here a thousand years from now. That means people in the future will only be able to find some everyday objects. We have the same problem, of course. When we try to learn about the past, we can only see the things that survived time and the weather. The things we do find from the past can tell us something about everyday life in ancient times.In some cases, more relics are saved than usual. In Egypt, for example, important people were buried in large tombs in which they put lots of everyday objects. Because the tombs were locked and hidden, the things inside were well kept over thousands of years. Thanks to this, we know that the ancient Egyptians lived in houses made of bricks, that ancient Egyptian women wore make-up, and that most people slept on wooden beds. The objects can give us an idea of how people lived and how they probably thought.Protecting our cultural relics is an important task and we should take it seriously. We are protecting our history and knowledge so that people in the future will know and enjoy it. We are also helping ourselves and our children to better understand who we are and where we come from. This is why we in China are trying so hard to protect our cultural relics.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 8(stud ents’ book)1 Let’s see what happened in sports today. How about taking a look at the NBA? In today’s basketball action, the Los Angeles Lakers won against the Miami Heat. The Lakers scored 20 points in the last quarter, beating the Heat 101-96. Los Angeles have now won their last five games and may be on the way to this year’s playoffs.2 And here are the results from today’s soccer league games. Manchester United came back from one goal behind to tie Leeds 2-2 in Wednesday’s game. Leeds scored their first goal after only ten minutes. It looked like Leeds would win when they took a 2-1 lead in the second half, but Manchester scored their second goal with five minutes left. Manchester is now two wins away from their third title.3 The masters of their game once again showed that they cannot be stopped. China won against Russia in Saturday’s table tennis match. The Chinese team won the two first singles matches 3-1 and 3-0, while the Russians won the doubles match. China did not give up, but won the singles match. The win in the last singles match gave them a final win of 3-1. China has not lost any matches this year and it doesn’t look like any team can beat them.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 8(workbook)Sports Star of the YearPart 1Ladies and gentlemen! The time has come for you to decide who the sports star of the year will be. You have three stars to choose from. Let’s hear about the stars!The first star is the football player Ronaldo, from Brazil. Ronaldo has had a very good year. He scored many goals for his club and for his country. Perhaps more importantly, Ronaldo also showed the world that he was able to overcome difficulties. He was hurt twice in the past few years and had to spend a lot of time in hospital and improve his skills. But Ronaldo has done more than just play football, he has also helped the United Nations make the world better.The second star won a gold medal in the 2000 Olympic Games and seems to get better every year. Jason Kidd led his team to victory after victory, and he helpd his teammates become better players. Basketball is important to Kidd and he likes to show everybody that he loves this game. Jason Kidd has also helped children and teenagers love the game and love school, telling them that they can make their dreams come true if they do their best.Part 2The third star is ... Well, we need your help with this one. The third star is one of China’s many great athletes. There are so many stars to choose from that we can’t pick one. Please help us. Work together in groups or pairs and decide which Chinese sports star you think should be chosen as sports star of the year. Don’t forget to write down reasons for your choice. When you have finished, use the cards to decide who should be chosen.. Report your decision to the class. Thank you and good luck.Listening Text to Unit 9(Students’ Book)1 These are very simple. Two sticks, about centimetres long. They are usually made of wood. You hold the two sticks in one hand. You put one stick between two of your fingers, and you hold the other one with your thumb. These things can be difficult to use at first, but you will soon learn how to pick up even small pieces of food.2 This thing is very popular and useful. Almost everyone has one these days. You can see people using this thing on the bus, when they are walking, or at home. It is usually small, about the same size as your hand, and it comes in many colours. There are several buttons on it, some for numbers, others for other things. It can be put in your pocket or in a small bag. With it, you can talk to people far away.3 This is a large box with a big door. If you open the door, a light comes on and you can see what’s inside. You’d better not leave the door open for too long, because it is not good for the things inside. You might catch a cold, too, if you stand in front of the open door. There are several shelves inside, some in the box itself, some in the door. You usually find this large box in the kitchen.LISTENING TEXT to Unit 9 (workbook)The International Space StationAs you are listening to this, the International Space Station is moving around the Earth. The International Space Station is an international project to build a small city in space. Sixteen countries are working together to build a space station where scientists can conduct experiments and learn more about space and the earth. The sixteen international partners are the United States, Russia, Canada, Japan, Brazil, and the European Space Agency. The United States and Russia are leading the effort but every country is making an important contribution to the ISS.The International Space Station is made up of several parts and will be about the size of two soccer fields when completed. The different parts will be added one by one. Some parts are laboratories, some are for power sources, and others are for people to live in. The parts will be put together in space. When the new parts have been put together, space station astronauts will perform space walks to connect the parts to the station. The space walks are very dangerous and astronauts must be very careful —one small mistake could be deadly! A total of 46 flights will be necessary to connect the more than 100 parts. If all goes well, the station will be completed in a few years.。
Listen to this 英语高级听力教程(MP3+文本)
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大学英语听力教程上册unit12原文及答案
Unit TwelvePart One StatementsComplete each of the statements with what you hear and choose A or B that explains th~word or phrase in bold.l. Years ago, Craig Breedlove set a speed record. He raced across flat land made of salt, ant he went as fast as 600 miles per hour in his special car. ( B )2. Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. ( A )3. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace. ( A )4. One day the French King overheard two women laughing at him as he played and heimmediately banned the sport. ( B )5. Rules restrict players under 23 years old with the exception of three over-age players. ( A I6. Today, basketball is mainly an indoor game, and the season extends from late fall, throughthe winter, to early spring. ( A )7. So it was what the pupils do in their spare time that really prepares them to t ake theirplaces, in society as citizens when they grow up. ( A )8. She can't accept even mild criticism of her work. ( B )9. Tiffany says she's totally fed up----she's going to give up this awful job and move back toNew York. ( B )10. And I often go swimming on vacation, but only recreational swimming. ( A )Part Two DialoguesDialogue OneLet's Play Chess(Mr. Wilson and Mr. Dawson are watching some men playing chess.)Mr. Wilson: Let's play chess Mr…Mr. Dawson: Dawson. I haven't played chess for a long time, How about you? Mr....Mr. Wilson: Wilson. That's all fight, Mr. Dawson. I'm a beginner, I've just learnt how to play.Mr. Dawson: Look, there's a chessboard. Those two men have already finished playing.Mr. Wilson: (after they have played for a few minutes) You're a very good player.Mr. Dawson: Not really, but once I won a prize.Mr. Wilson: So did I. I won a prize last week but it was a prize for beginners.Mr. Dawson: My prize was for the best player in the country. Now let's start playing chese seriously.I. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. What is the relationship between them? ( A )2. What do the two speakers do first? ( C )3. How do they get a chessboard? ( C )4. What prize did Mr. Wilson win? ( A )5. What can we learn from this dialogue? ( B )II. Listen to the dialogue again and answer the following questions with Yes or No.1. Does Mr. Dawson often play chess? ( No )2. Does Mr. Dawson refuse to play chess with Mr. Wilson? ( No )3. Has Mr. Wilson learnt to play chess for a long time? ( No )4. Did Mr. Dawson win any prize? ( Yes )5. Will they go on playing chess? ( Yes )Dialogue TwoFavorite Sports(Joseph and Fletcher just get a chance to know each other at a party. Now they are talking about sports.)Fletcher: What's your favorite sport, Joseph?Joseph: Comparatively speaking, I'm interested in team sports, like basketball and football.How about you?Fletcher: Contrary to yours, I'm fond of individual sports such as golf and swimming. Joseph: But I also like boxing very much. Some people like such outdoor activities as fishing and mountain-climbing.Fletcher: And there are also people who like to be spectators. They're enthusiastic about games. Joseph: Yes. Although they don't join in any games, yet they usually watch them on TV, or listen to them over radio.Fletcher: That's right.Joseph: Actually, it's quite necessary for people, men and women, old and young, to do some physical exercises from time to time.Fletcher: You're fight. Only by doing like this can they be healthy enough.I, Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.l. Where does the conversation take place? ( B )2. What sport is Joseph interested in? ( B )3. What sport is Fletcher interested in? ( A )4. What sport does fishing belong to? ( C )5. What can we infer from the dialogue? ( A )II. Listen to the dialogue again and write T for True or F for False for each statement you hear.l. The game Fletcher is interested in is similar to that of Joseph. ( F )2. Joseph also likes outdoor activities such as fishing and mountain-climbing. ( F )3. Some people who are enthusiastic about games like to be spectators. ( T )4. They think watching games on TV and listening to them over radio also do good to one'shealth. ( F )5. They think it's necessary for people to do physical exercises from time to time. ( T ) Dialogue ThreeWhy Don't You Join Me at the Gym Sometime?Peter: Hi, Laura, Where are you heading with that big bag?Laura: Hi, Peter, I'm off to the gym, I've got to stay in shape, you know. I try to go three timesa week, but I'm busy so I can't always make it.Peter: I know more women who work out than men. What's the main reason you work out?For your health, or to look good?Laura: To be honest, for both. With women, good looks are always a very important consideration.Peter: If they were honest, most men who work out would admit that they also do it to look better, and not merely for health reasons.Laura: How about you? Do you get any regular exercise?Peter: I do a lot of walking, for exercise and enjoyment sometimes ten to twenty kilometers at a time but I never go to the gym like you do.Laura: Well, walking is good exercise. How about sports?Peter: Not since my school days. I used to love playing baseball, but it's impossible to get enough people together for a game now. Mostly I just watch sports on TV.Laura: I play tennis fairly regularly with my friends, and sometimes go swimming and cycling by myself.Peter: Oh, I forgot about that. I go cycling sometimes too. And I often go swimming on vacation. but only recreational swimming.Laura: Why don't you join me at the gym sometime? I can get you a guest pass.Peter: Well, maybe someday, but I'm pretty lazy about things like that.I. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. Why is Laura so keen on sports? ( D )2. What do you know about Peter? ( D )3. What sports does Laura go in for? ( C )4. What can we learn from the conversation? ( D )5. Where might the two speakers have this conversation? ( B )II. Listen to the dialogue again and fill in the blanks with the information you hear.Laura meets Peter on her way to the gym in order to stay in shape, look good and enjoy good health. They talk about their favorite sports. Peter does a lot of walking for exercise and enjoyment. He used to love playing baseball. He also goes cycling sometimes and swimming on vacation. Laura likes playing tennis, go swimming and cycling by herself. At last Laura invites Peter to join her at the gym sometime because she can get him a guest pass.Part Three PassagesPassage OneSportsAll over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.Games and sports often grow out of people's work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred year old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.I, Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. What do sports and games often develop from? ( C )2. In what way do the Arabs mostly use horses or camels ? ( A )3. Where is swimming popular? ( D )4. Which of the following have a very long history? ( C )5. What can we learn from the passage? ( B )II. Listen to the passage again and complete the following sentences with the informationyou hear.1. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.2. Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.3. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet.4. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.5. Sports help to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair. to win withoutpride and to lose with grace.Passage TwoTennisOnce open only to the rich, tennis is becoming more and more popular. Tennis courts are springing up everywhere. There are indoor and outdoor courts and even on the roofs of the skyscrapers. Sporting goods stores are doing a good business in tennis equipment. Tennis clothing has become an important item in fashion world.Early in history tennis was the sport of kings and if one or two of those kings were still ruling today, perhaps no one would be playing the game now. The French king Charles V loved to play tennis, but he was very fat and must have been a funny sight on the tennis court. One day he overheard two women laughing at him as he played and he immediately banned the sport. In England, Henry 1V stopped people from playing tennis because the church leaders of his time were angry that women wore less clothing when they played. For a time tennis was also not allowed in Holland.I, Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. What is the topic of this passage? ( C )2. Who could play tennis in the past? ( C )3. Who would be playing tennis now if one or two kings were still ruling today? ( C )4. What do you know about the French king Charles V? ( A )5. Why did Henry IV stop people from playing tennis? ( B )I. Listen to the passage again and answer the following questions.1. Is tennis a popular sport now?Yes.2. How popular is tennis now?Tennis courts are springing up everywhere. Sporting goods stores are doing a good business in tennis equipment and tennis clothing has become an important item in fashion world.3. Why did the French king Charles V ban the sport?The king loved to play tennis. But he was very fat. He overheard two women laughing at him as he played so he banned the sport.4. Who was Henry IV?He was the king of England.5. In which country was tennis also not allowed for a time?In Holland.Passage ThreeThree Popular Sports in the United StatesIf you judge by the number of people who go to see the games and by the number of those who actually play it, basketball is probably the most popular sport in the United States today. It isan indoor game, and the season extends from late fall, through the winter, to early spring. There are many professional teams, but for the most part basketball is a school sport. There is hardly a high school or college in the country that does not have its team and its loyal fans.In spring and summer, the most popular sport is baseball. During the warm weather you can see young men and boys playing this game in any part of the country. Radio and television bring the details of the big games to every comer of the land, and the activities of the professional teams are a topic of conversation for Americans everywhere.In the fall, the most popular sport is football. As you know, this is not the same kind of game that is so popular in other parts of the word. Like basketball and baseball, it is typically American, and those who have never seen it before have difficulty seeing any sense in it. But for most of the spectators the game itself is not so important as the music, the cheering, and the festive spirit that go with it.I. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. How do you judge that basketball is probably the most popular sport in the United Statestoday? ( C )2. Where is a basketball game often played? ( A )3. Whom can you see during the warm weather playing baseball in any part of the county?( B )4. What is the most popular sport in the autumn? ( C )5. For most of the spectators what is more important? ( D )II. Listen to the passage again and write T for True or F for False for each statement you hear.1. The basketball season extends from early spring to late fall. ( F )2. Most of the high schools and colleges have no basketball teams of their own. ( F )3. In spring and summer, the most popular sport is baseball. ( T )4. Radio and television often broadcast big baseball games to the whole country. ( T )5. American football is also popular in other parts of the world. ( F )Part Four Idioms and ProverbsI. In this part, you will be presented with ten sentences. Listen carefully and write them down.1. A desperate person will go to any length.2. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.3. Blood is thicker than water.4. Time cures all things.5. Don't count your chickens before they' re hatched.6. There is more than one way to skin a cat.7. First come, first served.8. He who laughs last laughs best.9. It's no use crying over the spilt milk.10. Laziness in youth spells regret in old age.II. In this part, you will hear ten sentences. In each sentence there is one idiom that is given below. Listen and guess its meaning from the context.Script:1.Be careful talking to the police tomorrow; a slip of the tongue could get us into big trouble.2. Learning English may be a difficult process, but in the long run it will be worth it.3. This may save money in the short run, but it's going to be expensive in the long run.4. My little brother follows me everywhere and asks a million questions. He is so annoying. Ithink he's a pain in the neck.5. We're planning a picnic for tomorrow afternoon. I hope it doesn't rain. Let's keep ourfingers crossed.6. Joanne is one of our best employees. She does reports quickly and accurately she's reallyon the ball.7. He would rather discuss important things face to face than on the telephone.8. When the man went to jail for stealing, he lost face among his family and friends.9. Mary didn't want to go to the party, but she didn't want to hurt her friends' feelings. Shetold a white lie when she said, "I can't go to the party. I'm not feeling well."10. Everyone in the room sat quietly waiting for someone else to speak first. Daniel finallysuggested that we play a game to break the ice. Then everyone started talking.Keys:1. to say something by accident2. in the distant future3. in the near future4. a bothersome (an annoying) person or event5. to wish strongly for something6. intelligent, knowledgeable, hardworking7. in each other's presence8. lose the respect of others9. a harmless lie10. make people comfortable at the beginning of a meeting or in a gatheringFive Exercises for HomeworkPart Five Exercises for HomeworkI. Short ConversationsIn this part, you will hear ten short conversations. Each of them is followed by a question. After the question, you are supposed to choose a correct answer from the four choices.1. W: I don't see a gas station anywhere ahead.M: I hope we find one before we run out of gas.Q : What does the man mean? ( B )2. W: What a crowd!M: This is the worst time. The morning classes are just over. Everybody is hungry and rushes here to have lunch.Q: When does this conversation take place? ( B )3. W: You didn't speak up at the meeting today.M: I couldn't think of anything to say.Q: What does the man mean? ( A )4. M: Are you going to replace the light switch yourself?W: Why should I call an electrician?Q: What does the woman imply? ( C )5. M: If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house byearly next week.W: Well, fight now I think I want white for the window frame and yellow for the wall. ButI'll let you know tomorrow for sure.Q: Whom is the woman talking to? ( A )6. M: I'd like to reserve this room on Monday and Wednesday from 9 to 11 a.m.W: I'm sorry, It's only available in the afternoon on those days, but you can use it on Tues- day and Thursday morning if you like.Q: Where does this conversation take place? ( B )7. M: Fasten your seat belts please, Madam.W: Of course, I didn't realize we were planning to land so soon.Q: What can we learn about the man? ( C )8. M: I saw Bill today. He invited us to dinner tomorrow night.W: That's nice. But I really don't know him, and besides I have so much work to do.Q : What does the woman mean? ( B )9. W: I would like to check out now. My name is Nacy Muns, Room 1112.M: Yes, here you are. The rate on that room is $30. You made a long distance call, person- to-person, so the telephone bill is $12.Q : How much does the woman have to pay? ( C )10. W: What happens in the first part of the film?M: To tell you the truth, I don't remember because it almost put me to sleep.Q : What does the man think of the film? ( B )II PassagePassage OneBad Effect or Good EffectExercise is often said to be good for everyone. But a new study has shown that exercise could be unhealthy, especially for people past middle age. The study was done with mice. It showed that although mild (xo.适度的) exercise had a good effect on the muscles of young mice, it harmed the muscles of mice past middle age.The three groups of mice in the experiment aimed in age at young, middle-aged, and elderly humans. The mice were placed on a treadmill (~'~) 30 minutes a day for a five-week period. At the end of that time, the young mice's leg muscles had increased almost 30 percent in weight, but those of the old mice were reduced by 25 percent. No clear pattern showed for the middle-aged mice. David Gershon, an expert who carded out the experiment, explained that the older mice's muscles were probably already breaking down and that exercise worsened the condition. An earlier study by Gershon showed that middle-aged mice benefited from exercise if they started exercising young and continued it.It's clear that because the tests were done on mice, drawing conclusions about human is too early. But the studies do not totally support the theory that exercise is good under any condition. Let's use the tests on mice as a bridge for other studies.Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. Why were the mice of different ages used in the study? ( C )2. Where were the mice placed? ( D )3. What effect did the exercise have on the older mice's muscles? ( B )4. Which of the following is the most proper title for the passage? ( A ) I5. What was the purpose of experimenting with mice? ( D )Passage TwoFootballDo you like playing football? Football is the world's most popular game, played in more countries than any other sport. Football has been an Olympic game since 1900. And now it is getting more and more popular all over the world.In 1900, football became one of the first team sports included in the Olympic Games. During the 2000 Sydney Games, the sport celebrated 100 years of Olympic football. Women's football was introduced at the 1996 Olympic Games, where the final attracted a world record crowd for a women's sporting event of 76,000 people. Olympic women footballers must be at least 16 years old.The modem game of football started with the foundation of the Football Association of England in 1863. The ancient Chinese, Greeks and Romans played a similar game, long before English kings the 1300s and 1400s were trying to outlaw the violent sport. Professionals are allowed in the men's tournament. Rules restrict players under 23 years 01d with the exception of three over-age players. At the Athens 2004 Olympic Games there will be an increase in the number of women's teams from 8 to 10. The men's tournament will not change and be set at 16 teams.Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1. When did football find its way into Olympic Games?In 1900.2. When was women's football introduced at the Olympic games?In 1996.3. How old should Olympic women footballer be?At least 16 years old.4. When was the Football Association of England founded?In 1863.5. How many men's teams will be allowed in the men's tournament?16 teams.Passage ThreeBicycle Messengers OlympicsThere is a special kind of race in San Francisco. Since the streets are so crowded with cars, people ride bikes to deliver packages. Once a year these bike messengers have a race.It is the Bike Messenger World Championships. More than 600 riders from 25 countries compete. A lot of the riders like the competition. Some of the riders think that if they win, they will be able to get a job anywhere.Some riders just like being there. They have a lot of fun and meet other riders. They also like tiding the steep hills.Some riders have tattoos. Some have pierced body parts. Some have wild hairstyles. Others have a clean cut look. There were two messengers with only one leg.They started the event by having 5,000 people ride their bikes through town. They wanted other people to be aware of what they did.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences with the information you hear1. People ride bikes to deliver packages because the streets are so crowed with cars.2. It is the Bike Messenger World Championships. More than 600 riders from 25 countriescompete.3. Some riders just like being there. They have a lot of fun and meet other riders.4. Some riders have tattoos. Some have pierced body parts. Some have wild hairstyles.5. They started the event by having 5,000 people ride their bikes through town. They wantedother people to be aware of what they did.III. A story for RetellingHere is a story. Listen and retell it.She Deserves It!My friend and I were playing baseball last week, and we went to a baseball field. My girlfriend was with us, but she decided that she wanted to take a nap in the outfield. So she took a blanket and she was laying down. She was pretty much out of the way. She was in the safe place for the most part. A little bit later in the afternoon, my friend was batting and I was pitching, I threw the ball and he hit the ball relatively close to her. She was sleeping and she had no idea the ball was coming towards her, so I started yelling and the ball just missed her. I saw the ball just missed her, I started yelling at her to move. She wouldn't listen to me. She was just sleeping saying that everything was okay. I got fed up and thought, "If a ball hits her she deserves it .She deserves to be hit she's being too stubborn." So I said to my friend, "Nick, you know what, go ahead and hit her. She deserves it." On the very next pitch, he hit the ball really hard and it hit fight into my leg and dropped me. I fell down in a serious pain. My girlfriend came running over. It was very ironic. He'd hit me so hard that the stitching on the baseball left imprint on my leg that lasted for about two days.。
上海高级口译听力原文Unit1
Unit 1PART ONE About Cambridge UniversityW : How close to the town centre of Cambridge are we here?M: Oh, I should think not much more than a quarter of a mile.W: I can't hear any traffic.M: No. That's the beauty of Cambridge, isn't it? Y ou're here in the countryside and you might be miles from anywhere.W: And there is that chapel, that famous landmark.M: That's it. The absolute symbol of Cambridge is King's College Chapel.W: It's so beautiful. And that's its land?M: This is all King's College on either side. And when we're coming into the college we impress on visitors that you do not walk on the grass. Only the fellows walk on the grass.W: "Fellows only" and you hear about "fellows" of colleges. What is a fellow? What does it mean?M: In a company, they would be the directors of a company. So they're very often at the same time lecturers and professors in the university; some are administrators, obviously, people like the treasurer of the college一usually called the "bursar".W : But they are permanently attached to that college?M: They are permanently attached to the college一they're the board of directors.W: That, then, is Clare?M: That is Clare College. That's the next college. That's the second oldest college in Cambridge. W : Is it?M: The buildings are seventeenth-century but the college itself was founded early in the fourteenth.W: This is Clare Bridge.M: This is the oldest bridge in Cambridge.W : Ah.M: Tn about 1640. This was built when they were rebuilding the college. So now we are up to Trinity College. And this is the grandest, the richest college of them all.W: That is a splendid building, isn't it?M: This is the Wren Library.W: It's all on the upstairs floor; there's nothing downstairs, except an arcade.M: It's very cunningly done, you see, because Wren's very near the river. He wanted to avoid any risk of flooding.W: Ah.M: And so he put everything up off the ground level. Now we are into John's.W : This is John's College here?M: Which is the next biggest college after Trinity.W: Marvelous! What a lovely sights. And, in spite of all this history, Cambridge is not steeped in the past. It is still a centre of learning and a centre of excellence.M: Oh, very much, very much. The Cambridge Science Park was developed here with new industries linked to the science side of the university. A growth phenomenon. "The Cambridge phenomenon" they call this.W: This is astonishing一this one with, this structure on the top.M: They sometime s call this "the Bridge of Sighs.”M: And this is one of the very earliest developments of the river.W: Ah.M: Well, there are only two colleges like this which have a choir school attached —— St John's and King's. And the choir school is over in that direction. Y ou see the little boys coming down with the top hats and black coats.PART TWO Y ou Have Been at Cornell University…Y ou have been at Cornell University for two weeks now. As usual, you need enough time to sleep and eat. Y ou also want to spend time with your new friends and get some exercise. But, after the first two weeks of classes, you have probably concluded that there isn't enough time, to do all these things, because you also have to attend classes, go to labs, do assignments and write papers.Soon you will be in a situation like this one: Y ou are going to have a quiz in your ten o'clock class. Y ou studied for it until 3 am. Y ou also have an eight o’clock class. Should you sleep late and skip the eight o'clock class?To some extent the answer depends on the professor of the course. Some instructors announce that they require attendance. In that case you really should go to class. Some don't say anything. In that case you have to decide. Once in a while it is better to stay in bed and sleep than to get so tired that you cannot think. However, it is not a good idea to skip class more than a few times.If you have to skip a class, ask another student for the class notes, announcement and the assignment. Also, come to the next class prepared. If you miss the class because you are sick, tell the instructor afterward. He or she may let you make up the work. If you have an important appointment, tell the instructor about it before you miss the class.Here is another problem. Y ou took the quiz. Even after studying very hard, you could not answer all the questions. In high school you always got every answer right. What went wrong? Nothing. High school work is easy, so a good student is supposed to get a perfect score. In college the teacher wants to challenge even the best students. Therefore, almost nobody answers every question correctly.But .maybe there were some very basic ideas in that course you don’t understand. Go to see the teacher during his or her office hours. Most teachers will gladly explain things again. Of course, they will not be pleased to repeat what they said in class to someone who skipped class.Maybe you really should get up for that eight o'clock class!PART THREE Women T eachers in Primary SchoolM: I recently read an article which said that in primary schools in particular promotion chances of women teachers are less than men, that men generally get promoted far quicker than women in primary education. Is this something you’ve noticed or is this something you feel?F: No, this is something that is so. I read that article, too. I would have written it myself, really. And we come back full circle really because it's not just teaching. I mean it's everything that men are getting promotion more quickly than women. In the primary sector there are far more women teachers than men but there are more headmasters’ than headmistresses.M: So where does that leave someone like you? I mean what, what are the possibilities of your promotion in primary education? At he moment you're in charge of a section of high school.F: Y es, I'm in charge of the infant department which goes from the children who are three to the children who are seven. And they transfer when they are seven to higher up the school which iscalled the junior department. So I'm in charge of the Lower School, if you like.M: And do you have ambition in that sense? I mean you like to be a headmistress?F: No, no, no. -I would not. I would not like to be a headmistress at all. I mean this is the next stage of my career were I ambitious…but I, basically enjoy being a classroom teacher. Now perhaps this gives a clue to why there are not more women heads. I don't know… I mean in the past it may have been that, and it may still be, that because boys are brought up to be more ambitious, that they're the ones who are going for promotion and quick promotion, I mean rapid promotion so that they are heads by the time they're thirty and they start out in their career thinking that whereas I enjoy being a class teacher, I was a deputy head before I got this post, but I prefer to be in the classroom with the children than sitting at a desk doing administration which is what being a head means if you're a head of a largish school.M: Are you pleased that you chose primary teaching as a career .and if someone came up to you at school leaving age and was wondering about what they were going to do, would you advise them to follow in your footsteps?F: I'm very pleased that I did — well, I'm pleased most of the time. Monday morning I'm not pleased. Some mornings during the week and the end of the holidays I'm not pleased. I'm a primary school teacher; I mean basically I am. I left teaching once and then went back into it, I think that shows that I am committed to be a primary school teacher.Questions:1. What has the man read recently?2. What. does the woman mean by the "Lower School"?3, According to the woman, why do men get rapid promotion?4. What does the woman want for herself?5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the dialogue?PART FOUR When!Was'at Marrow…I was born of a working-class father and the aspiration of many self-made men is to send their children to private boarding schools, to give them the best education money can buy, and one of the best schools in the country is Harrow.Harrow is one of those institutions when I vas there which at that time were really geared to train an elite ruling class, so that everything was geared to that, and so team spirit and team games were the thing, and games were really more important than the acquisition of knowledge. If you were good at games you were considered to be one of the heroes of the school and if you were good at work then the chances are you would be derided and laughed at as a swot or somebody who worked hard and studied hard, and that was not the attribute of a gentleman. So there were some games, like tennis, golf, that were frowned on and you were not encouraged to pursue those games but you were more encouraged to play cricket and football and Harrow football and so forth because it required a team effort, you were one of a team, you were not an individual, and it seemed to me that the public school system actually ground out the individual. Y ou fitted into a mould; you learnt to accept certain standards. Y ou never showed pain, for example, you didn’t whinge about pain or discomfort and schools in my day were not comfortable places. They are now.’I think tying in with the importance of games is the fact that also you had to be a "man", and if people abroad think that the English gentleman is someone who is clean of limb, I can assure you he's not. I think most of us washed about once a week; in winter, we used to; it was a mark ofa gentleman as well that; and being tough and hard, that you didn't wear an overcoat so this meant that in winter we would pull our clothes off and the whole lot came off, shirt, several pullovers and vests and they all came off in one go. We then put our pyjamas on and if the next morning it was particularly cold we'd just put the whole damn lot on over- the pyjamas so you'd see small boys with bits of about an inch or two of pyjama trouser showing out at the bottom of their grey trousers, but you went, in the end, if it sort of dropped to minus ten you went around like little Michelin men with layers and layers of things on but no overcoat一that was the sign of weakness. PART FIVE A T ypical University Course in North AmericaSince many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country, you may be curious to know what a typical college course is like. What can you expect to do in a typical week? How many exams will you have? Will you have to do a lot of writing? What should you do if you have any problems? These are the questions I want to discuss with you, today.First let's talk about what your weekly schedule will look like. If you're an undergraduate in any field or major, you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures, no matter what your major may be. Lectures are usually in very large rooms because undergraduate courses such as introduction to psychology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students, especially at large universities. In lectures, it’s very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information in a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks. Also, you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures. So it isn't enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well. In a typical week you will also have one or two hours of discussion for every class you take. The discussion section is a small group meeting, usually with fewer than thirty students; where you can ask questions about the lectures, the reading, and the homework. In large universities, graduate students called teaching assistants or T. A. s, usually conduct discussion sections.If your major is chemistry, or physics; or another science, you will also have to spend several hours a week in the lab, or laboratory, doing experiments. This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than non-science majors do. On the other hand, people who major in subjects like literature or anthropology usually have to read and write more than science majors do.Now I'd like to go on and say a few words about examinations. Most university courses have at least two exams: one in the middle of the quarter, called a midterm, and one at the end, called the final exam. Most courses also have occasional quizzes, which are smaller tests given every week or two: There are two basic types of exam questions. There are objective questions, such as multiple choice, true/falser matching or filling in the blank, and essay questions; where you must write an essay or a composition in response to a question. Most exams are a combination of essay and objective questions.In some courses, especially in-non-science ones, you might also have to write are search paper. A research paper is a writing project in which you choose a topic related to the course, go to the library, lead several articles and books on the topic, take notes, and then write a paper about what you have read. Y ou can see that the ability to write is extremely important in American universities.The final point that I want to cover today is what you should do if you need help in a particular class. If you're having a problem, you should make an appointment to see yourinstructor immediately. Don't be shy! Instructors plan to spend a certain amount of time each week with the students. They see the students in their offices during office hours. Instructors will almost always announce their office hours at the first class meeting. Y ou can also make a special appointment to see your instructor if you can't go to his or her regular office hours. I might add that it's a good idea to make an appointment to see your instructor even if you don’t have a particular problem. That way it will be easier if you need special help later on.So far I've talked about college course structure, about exams, about research papers, and about getting help if you need it. Let's stop here and see if there are any questions.PART SIX Listening and T ranslationA. Sentence translation(1) I wouldn't ask you if it wasn't important, but could you possibly babysit for us tomorrow evening?(2) Y ou could leave it here at reception, if it's not too big, or you could take it with you to the station and put it in one of the lockers there.(3) Shares on the London Stock Exchange traded sharply lower than Friday, undermined by turmoil on bond and currency markets.(4) Expenditure on clothing, durable consumer goods, recreation, health care and transport all increased, while housing conditions improved for city dwellers.(5) The World Bank urged Asian countries to speed the development of their domestic bond markets to meet the huge demand for public works financing.B. Passage translation(1) Well, one of the worst experiences I had was at the end of a long holiday, a very long way away from home. And I'd booked an air-flight home, and two days before the flight was about to leave, I had my passport and my airline ticket stolen. So I went to the British Embassy trying to get a new ticket and anew passport, and they said they could only give me a passport if I could prove I was leaving一and I didn't have my ticket. So I went to the airline and they said I could only have a new ticket if I could prove who I was, but I didn't have a passport. So I was in a bit of a tricky situation. But I finally did get a temporary passport from the embassy and I finally flew home.(2) AIDS is big business maybe Africa's biggest business. There's nothing else that can generate as much aid money as AIDS. AIDS is a political disease here, and we should be very skeptical, of course. Hunger should not be a problem in most of the countries south of the Sahara. In addition, there are vast natural resources: oil, gold and diamonds. Africa is always only portrayed as a continent of suffering, but most figures are vastly exaggerated. In the industrial nations, there's a sense that Africa would go under without development aid. But believe me, Africa existed before you Europeans came along. And we didn't do all that poorly either.。
listen to this:高级英语听力 lesson 11
listen to this:高级英语听力 lesson 11 Lesson ElevenSection One: News in BriefTapescript1. Texas Air announced today that it will buy the troubled PeopleExpress Airlines for about a hundred and twenty-five milliondollars. The proposed deal would allow most People Express em-ployees to keep their jobs, although the company will eventually loseits identity and become part of Texas Air. Federal officials must ap-prove the merger. Texas Air is also trying to buy Eastern Airlines.2. A rally on Wall Street today after six consecutive losing sessions,the Dow Jones Industrial Average ended the day up nearly ninepoints, to close at seventeen sixty-seven point fifty-eight.3. What's being called a 'freedom flight" of seventy former Cubanpolitical prisoners landed in Miami today to an ecstatic reception bythousands of relatives and well-wishers. The plane also carriedforty7one relatives of former prisoners. The flight culminated nearlytwo years of negotiations with the Castro regime.Section Two: News in IDetailTapescriptTexas Air Corporation today announced that it has agreed tobuy People Express Airlines for one hundred twenty-five milliondollars in securities. Texas Air already owns Continental Airlinesand New York Air. It is in the process of acquiring Eastern Airlines.People Express, one of the first no-frills, low-fare air carriers, hasbeen in financial trouble lately. It was forced to shut down its subsid-iary, Frontier Airlfiies. Texas Air now says it will acquire Frontier'sassets as part of its deal with People Express. Joiningus now fromNew York, NPR's business reporter Barbara Mantel.' Barbara, it is said this is a very attractive low price, this onehundred twenty-five million dollars in securities. Besides that, whydoes Texas Air want People Express?'"Well, Frank Lorenzo, who is Chairman of Texas Air, will getairplanes from People Express, which he might need. Hewill get thelowest cost work-force in the industry at People Express. He will geta new terminal at Newark, New Jersey that People Expressis build-ing. He'll get flights to London, and he will getcontrol over competi-tion. People Express competes heavily, especially in the northeastcorridor, with Texas Air.''This issue of competition has been a sticking pointbefore forthe Department of Transportation when two airlines wanted to gettogether. How will Texas Air get around it this time?''Well, they might not. Texas Air wanted to acquireEast ..., orwants to acquire, Eastern Airline, and the Department of Transpor-. Itation said, 'No, not unless you sell more landing slots, more slots inthe northeast corridor to Pan Am so that we'll have some competi-tion there.' And Texas Air agreed to that just last week. That mayhappen again here. The Department of Transportation may requirethat Texas Air sell some slots or some gates to another airline to en-sure that there is still competition in the northeastpart of themarketplace. But Texas Air has some leverage here with the De-partment of Transportation because People Express is a failing com-pany. And the Department of Transportation may feel,'Well, we'lllet them'buy People Express and keep it running, rather than let iifail and lose all those jobs.'"'Mm hm. Now, if the deal is approved by the Department ofTransportation, what is it likely to mean for consumers? If there'sless competition the fares could possibly go up. "'Well, yes. You would think that when you move from twocompetitors in a market to just one airliner that prices would justhave to go up. But I want you to keep in mind that unrestricted faresof the kind People Express offered, you know, wholesale unrestrictedfares, were being eliminated and phased out anyway, because theywere not profitable. And the Department of Transportation theoryhere is that if you allow mergers to take place, or many mergers totake place, you might create more efficiencies and low costs, leadingpossibly to lower fares. And also the Department of Transportationbelieves that there's a lot of potential competition in themarketplace. Airlines can move planes around and buy gates, and sothat if an airline in a particular market segment was making a lot ofmoney and raising prices excessively, other airlines would move inand prices would be brought down through competition. So that it'sa nice theory, the theory of potential competition keeping prices inline, but it's sort of a new idea and it's not clear that that's really theway it would work.''Thanks.' From New York, NPR's Barbara Mantel.Section Three: Special ReportTapescript"My audiences have been very devoted over the years through-out the country. And they've expanded and grown and the countryaudience has been just as kind and as supportive as the folk audiencehas been.''I was thinking though, nonetheless, when I put on this album,'The Last of the True Believers,' especially the title cut, that I heardmore country there than I'd perhaps heard before.""Well, I guess it has .-.. I've moved in that direction, mainly be-cause I am playing with the band more. My natural roots are there incountry and hillbilly music. And so I think that that just comes outmore when you put the band with it."I 'I want to ask you some questions, please, about this album,aboutthe ... not so much what's on the inside right now, but whaeson the outside - a picture on the front of you in front of aWoolworth store, someplace, I guess, in Texas or Tennessee, and'Houston, Texas.'In Houston, Texas? Is it the Woolworth store that has thehardwood floor still'and the parakeets in the back and that sort ofthing?'"Well, this one that we shot this in front of in Houston Texas isone of the largest ones in the country. It's a two-storey and it's gotthe escalator that does a little pinging noise every couple of minutes.And it takes up a whole city block.""But, why a cover photo in front of Woolworth's?''Well,, that comes from the song 'Love at the Five and Dime,'which was a song that Cathy Mattea also cut this year and had myfirst, you know, top five country hit with. And it deals with theWoolworth store.'"There is, on the cover, you are holding a book, and you can/treally see. ... What is the name of the book on the cover you're hold-ing?''In the Kindness of Strangers, the latest Tennessee Williams' bi-ography.''And on the back is Larry McMurtrie's book about a cattledrive around the turn of the century, Lonesome Dove.'"He's my main prose hero.''Now, why? Why would you do that? Why would you posewith a book?'"Well, I have, my audience consists of a lot of young people be-tween the ages of, maybe you know, fourteen and twenty-f'ive. And Iread a lot, and I alsowrite short stories and havewritten a novel.And I just feel like young people are missing out because they don'tread books. And any time I have the opportunity to influence theyoung person to pick up a book and read it, I would try to do that.''When you hear these lyrics, when the words come to you, areyou hearing the stanzas'as poetry or as music?''Well, I'm hearing them as music. Lyrics usually come to me,and songs come to me as a total picture. And the music and the lyricscome at the same time. Sometimes they shoot me straight up in bed,you know, in the middle of the night. 'The Wing and the Wheel' is avery special song to me. It's probably my favorite song that I've everwritten. And that song was inspired at the Vancouver Folk Festivalby two people who are from Managua, Nicaragua. They have a duocall Duo Guar Buranco. And just about four o'clock in the morning,I was sitting in my hotel room and listening to them sing in the roomnext door, and looking out the window at this little fingernail moonhanging out over the Vancouver Bay, and that song just came flow-ing, you know, and was inspired by those two people.''Now, that sounds easy.''Well, it IS easy. If you listen. to yourself and you listen to theinspiration that's bringing on that particular song, it's easy. It's just amatter of getting up and writing it down.'Nancy Griffith, talking with us in WPLN in Nashville. She iscontinuing her national tour with the Everly Brothers. Her latest al-bum is called "The Last of the True Believers.'。
英语高级视听 听力原文 Unit 12 Working 24 7
Unit 12 Working 24/7Americans work longer hours than nearly anyone in the developed world, even the Japanese. For many professionals and corporate managers, the 40-hour work week is history; 60- to 80-hour work weeks are now the norm.Signs of our addiction to work are everywhere. For one, rush hours are starting earlier and ending later. When 60 Minutes first broadcast this story a few months ago, the first train for commuters from the suburbs into New York had just been pushed back to 4:45 a.m., by popular demand.Why do Americans work so much? The simplest answer is because we can.The Digital Revolution means cell phones, wireless Internet and handheld computers like the BlackBerry allow us to work anywhere, anytime, 24/7. And we do, as correspondent Lesley Stahl reports.It's 7 a.m. Pacific time, and Joe Hurd is still in bed. But this 36-year-old Silicon Valley entrepreneur has already made two phone calls over the Internet to clients overseas. He has checked e-mails on his BlackBerry and sent a half-dozen instant messages from his laptop.For Joe and his wife, Christina Mireles, new technology means their work day isn't 9 to 5. It's 5 to 9."Because we have wireless access, you can work wherever," says Joe."We can be in the kitchen. We can be in our bedroom, we can be here in the living room," Christina points out.With a masters and a law degree each, they're not exactly underachievers. Joe logs 12- to 15-hour days as vice president of an Internet travel Web site. Sometimes, Joe admits he gets up at night to send e-mails. "Sometimes I can't sleep and I'll get up at 2 or 3 (a.m.), yeah, to do e-mails, definitely," he said, while his wife was shaking her head."Or you'll set your alarm, you know to wake up at one, two in the morning," she added."I do, I do," he replied.Christina, a vice president of a charter school company, works a few hours less than Joe. She says she is no match for her husband in terms of gadgets."Oh, I have the absolute bare minimum, I think. I have two cell phones, a personal and …," Christina explained."That's the bare minimum, America. Two cell phones," Joe interrupted.Not a minute is wasted, even before getting to the office. Christina juggles the two cell phones, returning business and personal calls. She usually eats behind the wheel.On his commute, Joe manages the consulting business he has on the side and even keeps track of new messages on his BlackBerry. But he says he's never tried anything as dangerous as typing out an e-mail while driving in rush hour traffic.Joe's work day is a blur of business meetings, incoming phone calls, and hundreds of e-mails."I can check e-mails and respond to e-mails. I can have a conversation on the telephone. I can have a conversation via IM. And I can keep exactly probably half an ear on a conversation with a person," he says."In the room with you?" Stahl asks."Half, yeah, exactly," Joe says.Asked if he is doing all of these things well when he does them at the same time, Joe says, "You know, this is not neurosurgery we're talking about here … but you can do a lot of that simultaneously."Joe may be able to pull that off, but many corporate executives say the volume of voicemail and e-mail they get has become unmanageable —eating up an average of three hours a day.Combine that with a corporate culture that values endless meetings and "face time" with the boss, and you can see why so many employees toil into the night just to get their "real work" done.60 Minutes visited the corporate headquarters of Best Buy, the electronics retailer, in Richfield, Minn. Employees Stacy Verstraight, Jason Dehne and Marissa Plume say that putting in 60- to 80-hour weeks got them pats onthe back."You know, you'd send an e-mail at nine o'clock at night. And the next thing your co-workers would say, 'Hey, wow, were you working that whole time? Wow. Great job,'" says Marissa.But if you weren't there at the crack of dawn, you were put down."You know, if I come in at nine o'clock or 10 o'clock, I was at a doctor's appointment, you know, people are saying, 'Oh gee. Glad you could show up today.' You know, so it felt [like] a little bit of a dig," says Stacy. "And people were just watching other people. So it felt like a lot of unnecessary pressure.""I canceled booked vacations. I mean I booked vacations, and I'd cancel 'em because I had to work," Jason recalls.In 2002, after a jump in people quitting and filing stress-related health claims, Best Buy launched an experiment: employees would be allowed to work wherever and whenever they wanted, as long as they got their jobs done.That means the unit that Chap Achen manages often looks like a ghost town."Some folks literally don't come in the office for weeks at a time," says Achen.If asked where a specific employee physically is, Achen says he doesn't know. "I couldn't tell you if he was in his basement or he was at a Starbucks with a wireless connection."Since the Best Buy experiment started, Jason's health has improved. Normally at his desk by 7:30 a.m., he now jogs to his local coffee shop and takes his 8 a.m. conference call by cell phone.Marissa, a night owl, now does her best work around midnight from her bedroom."I have to trust that my team is going to get the work done in this environment," says Achen. "And the ironic thing about it is that it's that trust factor that actually makes them work harder for you.""And just as long?" Stahl asked"And just as long," he replied.Or longer. Stacy, Jason and Marissa say they often work more hours than they did before. Not a bad deal for the company. Productivity among employees in the program has jumped a healthy 35 percent."We can spread out our work over seven days of the week," explains Stacy. Asked why that's a positive, Jason says, "It's the way I choose to work." "But if it takes 70 hours to do your job, why doesn't Best Buy go hire more people?" Stahl asked."You know, I am a happier employee, with the trust," says Stacy.Asked if she wants to work the 70 hours, Stacy replied, "I love what I do." The group all said they didn't think they were working too much when asked by Stahl."You're brainwashed," Stahl said, laughing."Maybe we're all crazy," Jason said. "Maybe we are," Stacy added, laughing. Maybe they are: They don't even make more money for the longer hours. But when you try to cut back on the hours, it's not that easy.Mike Moody and Jeff Ward left high stress, six-day-a-week jobs as big-city lawyers because they wanted to spend more time with their wives and children. They decided to do what more and more working mothers are doing — share a job."Well, for the first six months of the job, I was referred to as the new Joanne," says Jeff.The job of assistant in-house counsel at Timberland in Stratum, N.H. had been filled by two women for years."I have two weekends a week. Yeah," says Mike. "And I have a four-day weekend," Jeff adds.It is a pretty sweet deal. They each work three days a week, overlapping on Tuesdays.How do they keep the office from pulling them back in on their days off?"It's a constant struggle," Jeff admits. "We're always on call because of the BlackBerry.""The crackberry," Mike jokes.The BlackBerry is practically attached to Mike's body — even on his days off, when he's the house-husband in the kitchen and in the laundry room.The company pays them 75 percent of full-time pay, because, as it's turned out, they each end up working about 40 hours a week."That's a full-time job," Stahl remarked."It's not many people's full-time job though," Mike replied."But it's what we used to think of as a full-time job," Stahl said."Absolutely," Jeff agreed.With so many Americans working more than 40 hours a week, it may surprise you to learn that when it comes to productivity, the U.S. is not No.1. In fact, workers in four European countries, including France, are more productive per hour of work than Americans — that's the key: "per hour of work" — even though the Europeans work less and take more vacation. Joe Hurd thinks all these gadgets and technology are helping him be more productive. "If you want to measure productivity by, for me, for example, keeping the e-mails flowing, you know, multiple conversations going, then yes, the technology does facilitate that.""The downside, however, is that oftentimes we really don't have substantive conversations when we come home. We will be sitting on our couch, each doing work," his wife says.It turns out Joe and Christina e-mail and instant-message each other, even if they are at home."But what about your relationship? I'm not trying to get too personal here...," Stahl asked."Well, that's what I mean, that's the downside. It would be nice to have a conversation even once a week and not be, I mean, really be concentratingand listening to each other. But we've got one eye on our computers," Christina replied.Christina says she does tune out everything once she gets home from work, to play with their 8-month old daughter Amina. She even turns her cell phones off.But when Amina gets fussy, they both reach for her favorite toy: the BlackBerry."I can have her on the bed with a bunch of toys," Christina says. But her daughter will always pick the BlackBerry.Which means when Amina grows up, she may have a house like Greg Shenkman's.Shenkman is such a workaholic that he has wired his house with Internet, telephone and television in every single room. As CEO of the global high-tech firm Exigen in San Francisco, he feels he has to be available to his customers at all hours."Well, you lose something. You lose some days of your kids' lives. You lose — some of those tender moments with the family," Shenkman says. When he stops working, he says he aches."If you go on vacation, sometimes, in order to sort of relax, it takes a little bit of an effort," Shenkman says. But he always stays connected.He's so obsessed, he has wired his shower. When Greg soaps up, he doesn't daydream — he watches the business news, checks his e-mail, and answers the phone.60 Minutes arranged for the producer to call Shenkman, with his shower running. When the speaker phone picked up, the water was turned off automatically, and Stahl and Shenkman could talk to the producer from the shower.The electronics are waterproof — but not foolproof."Whoa, what happened!" Stahl said, laughing, as she got a little wet. "We forgot to turn it off," Shenkman said."Well, I usually don't have Lesley Stahl in the shower with me. That would be an unusual occurrence for me," Shenkman added, laughing.。
Unit 12 听力原文及译文.doc
Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?Section A1b Listen and write the day,morning,afternoon or night below each picture.Bob: Hey, Lucy.Lucy: Hi, Bob.Bob: How was your weekend?Lucy: It was great.Bob: So, what did you do?Lucy: Well, on Saturday morning, I played badminton.In the afternoon, I went to the beach, and atnight, I went to the cinema.Bob: Cool. What about Sunday?Lucy: In the morning, I camped by the lake with my classmates. In the afternoon, we went boating,and at night, I did my homework.2a Listen and underline the words you hear. Teacher: So, did everyone have a good weekend? Students: Yeah, we did, Ms. Clark!Teacher: Good. What did you do last weekend,Becky?Becky: I visited my grandma, and I did my home- work.Teacher: Great. And how about you, Carol? Did you go out?Carol: No, I stayed at home. I studied for the English test.Teacher: Wow, good for you. Jack, how about you?W here did you go?Jack: I went to a farm, and I fed some cows. Teacher: Sounds like you had fun.2b Listen again. Write C for Carol,J for Jack or B for Becky next to the statements in 2a. Teacher: So, did everyone have a good weekend? Students: Yeah, we did, Ms. Clark! 听录音并在每幅图下写上日子:上午、下午或晚上。
202312月六级听力原文
202312月六级听力原文2023年12月六级听力原文Part I: ConversationW: Hey, have you heard about the new restaurant that just opened downtown?M: No, I haven't. What's so special about it?W: Well, it's called "Taste of Asia" and it offers a wide variety of Asian cuisines. They have Chinese, Japanese, Thai, and even Indian dishes.M: That sounds amazing! I love Asian food. Is it expensive?W: Surprisingly, it's quite affordable. The prices are reasonable, and the portions are generous.M: That's great to hear. I'll definitely check it out this weekend.W: You should. I went there last night and the food was delicious. I highly recommend their sushi and curry dishes.M: Thanks for the recommendation. I can't wait to try it.Part II: LectureGood morning, everyone. Today, I'd like to talk about the importance of time management. Time management is a crucial skill that can greatly impact our productivity and success in both personal and professional aspects of life.Firstly, effective time management allows us to prioritize tasks and allocate our time wisely. By setting clear goals and deadlines, we can focus on what needs to be done and avoid wasting time on unimportant activities. This helps us stay organized and ensures that we complete tasks in a timely manner.Secondly, time management helps reduce stress and improve work-life balance. When we manage our time effectively, we can avoid procrastination and last-minute rushes, which often lead to stress and anxiety. By planning our time well, we can create a balance between work, family, and leisure activities, leading to a more fulfilling and satisfying life.Furthermore, time management enhances our efficiency and productivity. When we have a clear plan and schedule, we can eliminate distractions and stay focused on our tasks. This allows us to work more efficiently and accomplish more in less time. By managing our time effectively, we can achieve our goals and reach our full potential.Lastly, time management promotes self-discipline and self-improvement. It requires us to be accountable for our own time and take responsibility for our actions. By practicing good time management habits, such as setting realistic deadlines and avoiding procrastination, we can develop self-discipline and improve our overall productivity and performance.In conclusion, time management is a vital skill that can greatly impact our lives. It allows us to prioritize tasks, reduce stress, enhance efficiency, and promote self-discipline. By managing our time effectively, we can achieve our goals, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and lead a morefulfilling life. So, let's start practicing good time management habits and make the most of our time. Thank you.Part III: DiscussionNow, let's move on to the discussion section. Today's topic is about the impact of social media on society.M: I think social media has had a significant impact on society. It has revolutionized the way we communicate and connect with others.W: I agree. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have made it easier for us to stay connected with friends and family, no matter where they are.M: That's true. It has also provided a platform for people to express their opinions and share their experiences with a wider audience.W: However, social media has its downsides as well. It can be addictive and time-consuming, leading to a decrease in productivity and real-life interactions.M: I think social media has also contributed to the spread of fake news and misinformation. People often believe and share information without verifying its authenticity.W: That's a valid point. Social media has definitely changed the way we consume news and information, and it's important for us to be critical and discerning.M: Overall, I believe social media has both positive and negative impacts on society. It's up to us to use it responsibly and make the most of its benefits while being aware of its drawbacks.W: I couldn't agree more. It's important for us to strike a balance and not let social media consume our lives.M: Absolutely. Let's use social media as a tool for connection and information, rather than letting it control us.W: Well said. Thank you for sharing your thoughts.M: Thank you for the discussion.。
大学英语听力高级听力的原文
课本原文Unit6Task 5 【【【【答案答案答案答案】】】】A. 1) b a d c 2) c b d a 3) a d b c 4) b a c dB. certain changes were to be made in the office and some workers would probably be moved to other positions, see if there were any chance for her, she was moved to a higher position, find a job fro herself, became the person advertising jobs for othersC. frowned, was amazed, was more alarmed and seriously worried【【【【原文原文原文原文】】】】Cecilia was reading the details of a job that was being advertised. "Applications are invited for the post of Personal Assistant to the Manager of this large London export firm. Candidates should be experienced in all branches of office work and should be qualified in shorthand and typewriting. The successful candidate must be prepared to work alone and will be expected to travel. "The person appointed will be asked to join the company's insurance scheme and will be permitted to use a company car. Three weeks' annual paid holiday will be allowed. Salary will be calculated according to experience. "Application forms may be obtained from the address below and should be returned within three weeks. An interview will be held in London and candidates will be called for interview before the end of this month. Travel expenses for candidates coming from outside London can be claimed at the time of interview." Jason arrived home and looked over Cecilia's shoulder. "I heard today," she said, with a sigh, "that certain changes are going to be made in the office and that some of us are going to be moved. And since we might be put anywhere, I thought I'd find out what jobs were being publicized." The following evening whenJason came home he found Cecilia sitting at the table which was covered with papers advertising many different jobs. Over her shoulder he read: "An assistant editor will be required in September. Applicants should be experienced and prepared to work late hours. A good salary will be paid monthly into a bank for the right candidate. The successful applicant will be appointed for two years in the first case. Application forms, which should be sent in before July 31st, may be obtained from the address below." Jason frowned and turned to the next advertisement, which read: "Temporary typists will be needed during the next six months for several departments. Applicants should be trained and qualified. Inexperienced typists may be appointed but must be prepared to be trained. Application forms, obtainable from the address below, should be filled in by each applicant in her own handwriting and returned before July 31st. All applicants will be interviewed..." Amazed, Jason glanced from paper to paper, becoming more alarmed as he read: "Daily cleaners will be required…lunches may be provided…candidates will be expected to pass a medical examination…salary will be paid weekly…ladders and other equipment will be provided…applications should be received before July 31st..." Seriously worded now, Jason sat down. "You don't really need to think about so many jobs, do you?" Cecilia turned to him. "I told you some of us were going to be moved," she said. "I've been put in a new office at a higher salary and now I'm theone who writes out the details for all the jobs that are going to be advertised. It's fun."Unit7Task2【【【答案答案答案答案】】】】A. 1) Because he was always trying new things and new ways of doing things just like a young painter. 2) It didn’t look like her. 3) It was the only picture she knew that showed her as she really was. 4) People from the poorer parts of Paris, who were thin, hungry, tired, and sick. B. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T C. 1881, 1973, Malaga, Spain, ninety-one years D. fifteen, nineteen, twenty-three, colors, darker, change, soft-colored, strange, shape, human face and figure, strange【【【【原文原文原文原文】】】】Pablo Picasso was born in 1881. So probably you are wondering why we call him "the youngest painter in the world". When he died in 1973, he was ninety-one years old. But even at that age, he was still painting like a young painter. For that reason, we have called him the "youngest" painter. Young people are always trying new things and new ways of doing things. They welcome new ideas. They are restless and are never satisfied. They seek perfection. Older people often fear change. They know what they can do best, riley prefer to repeat their successes, rather than risk failure. They have found their own place in life and don't like to leave it. We know what to expect from them. When he was over ninety, this great Spanish painter still lived his life like a young man. He was still looking for new ideas and for new ways to use his artistic materials. Picasso's figures sometimes face two ways at once, with the eyes and nose in strange places. Sometimes they are out of shape or broken. Even the colors are not natural. The title of the picture tells us it is a person, but it may look more like a machine. At such times Picassowas trying to paint what he saw with his mind as well as with his eyes. He put in the side of the face as well as the front. He painted the naked body and the clothes on it at the same time. He painted in his own way. He never thought about other people's opinions. Most painters discover a style of painting that suits them and keep to it, especially if people like their pictures. As the artist grows older his pictures may change, but not very much. But Picasso was like a man who had not yet found his own style. He was still looking for a way to express his own restless spirit. The first thing one noticed about him was the look in his large, wide-open eyes. Gertrude Stein, a famous American writer who knew him when he was young, mentioned this hungry look, and one can still see it in pictures of him today. Picasso painted a picture of her in 1906, and the story is an interesting one. According to Gertrude Stein, she visited the painter's studio eighty or ninety times while he painted her picture. While Picasso painted they talked about everything in the world that interested them. Then one day Picasso wiped out the painted head though he had worked on it for so long. "When I look at you I can't see you any more!" he remarked. Picasso went away for the summer. When he returned, he went at once to the picture left in the comer of his studio. Quickly he finished the face from memory. He could see the woman's face more clearly in his mind than he could see it when she sat in the studio in front of him. When people complained to him that the painting of Miss Stein didn't look likeher, Picasso would reply, "Too bad. She'll have to look like the picture." But thirty years later, Gertrude Stein said that Picasso's painting of her was the only picture she knew that showed her as she really was Picasso was born in Malaga, Spain, a pleasant, quiet town. His father was a painter and art teacher who gave his son his first lessons in drawing. Young Pablo did badly at school. He was lazy and didn't listen to what the teachers were saying. He had confidence in himself from the beginning. But it was soon clear that the boy was an artist and deserved the best training he could get. Not even his earliest drawings look like the work of a child. One can say that Picasso was born to be a painter. He won a prize for his painting when he was only fifteen. He studied art in several cities in Spain. But there was no one to teach him all he wanted to know. When he was nineteen he visited Paris. Paris was then the center of the world for artists. Most painters went there sooner or later to study, to see pictures, and to make friends with other painters. Everything that was new and exciting in the world of painting happened there. When he was twenty-three, Picasso returned there to live, and lived in France for the rest of his life. He was already a fine painter. He painted scenes of town life—people in the streets and in restaurants, at horse races and bull fights. They were painted in bright colors and were lovely to look at. But life was not easy for him. For several years he painted people from the poorer parts of the city. He painted men and women who were thin, hungry, tired,and sick. His colors got darker. Most of these pictures were painted in blue, and showed very clearly what the artist saw and felt. The paintings of this "blue period" are full of pity and despair. Picasso did not have to wait long for success. As he began to sell his pictures and become recognized as a painter, his pictures took on a warmer look. At the same time he began to paint with more and more freedom. He began to see people and places as simple forms or shapes. He no longer tried to make his pictures true to life. The results at first seemed strange and not real. The pictures were difficult to understand. His style of painting was known as Cubism, from the shape of the cube. Many people did not like this new and sometimes frightening style. But what great paintings give us is a view of life through one man's eyes, and every man's view is different. Some of Picasso's paintings are rich, soft-colored, and beautiful. Others are strange with sharp, black outlines. But such paintings allow us to imagine things for ourselves. They can make our own view of the world sharper. For they force us to say to ourselves, "What makes him paint like that? What does he see?" Birds, places, and familiar objects play a part in Picasso's painting. But, when one thinks of him, one usually thinks of the way he painted the human face and figure. It is both beautiful and strange. Gertrude Stein wrote, "The head, the face, the human body--these are all that exist for Picasso. The souls of people do not interest him. The reality of life is in the head, the face, and the body."Unit 8Task 2【答案】News Item 1A.1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) FNews Item 2B.WHO: more than one hundred thousand mothers across the United StatesWHAT: gathered to push for tougher gun control lawsWHERE: WashingtonWHEN: SundayC.1) b) 2) a) 3) c) 4) b)D.1) Gun control, Now2) shed, river of votes, raging, out of, stricter gun control【原文】News Item 1British police say thousands of gun owners have surrendered their small calibre weapons as part of legislation banning some types of handgun. The deadline to hand in the weapons which has just passed is the final stage in the clampdown on gun ownership following the massacre of 16 school children and a teacher at Dunblane in Scotland in 1996. The police estimate that 40,000 weapons have been surrendered, meaning that the vast majority of legally held guns have been given up. But as Inspector Paul Brightwell, a policeman from southern England, points out, many owners are still angry about the bans. Although Britain now has some of the strictest firearms laws in the world, correspondents say the government may still look to introduce further restrictions. News Item 2More than one hundred thousand mothers across the United States gathered here in Washington Sunday to push for tougher gun control laws. Organizers of the so-called Million Mom March are hoping to harness growing outrage at the number of children killed by handguns here in the United States."What do we want? Gun control! When do we want? Now! What do we want? Gun control! When do we want? Now! What do we want? Gun control! When do we want? Now! What do we want? Gun control!..."The protesters—mothers, victims of gun violence and families—came from across the United States to hear heartbreaking stories of children who had been gunned down. One mother described the pain she felt after her young son received a crippling gunshot wound to the chest. In an emotional appeal, she urged the crowd to vote for members of Congress who support gun control."Mothers, we have shed tears for our children. Let's make our tears the river of votes. Let's make our tears become a raging river of votes, and we need to get our legislators out of office if they do not want stricter gun control."Organizers of the Washington rally and others held in cities across the United States say at least 12 children a day are killed by guns. They want Congress to enact laws that will require registration of handguns and some type of licensing system. US gun control laws vary from state to state. Ant nationwide registration is strongly opposed by the National Rifle Association, a wealthy and powerful nationwide group of firearms owners who reject any type of guncontrol.。
高级职业英语听说教程听力原文 Unit 1
高级职业英语听说教程3听力原文-Unit1Tapescript for Listening and Speaking-Advanced Career English Book3Activity3Listening OutTask21.A:May I introduce myself?I'm Steve Song,marketing manager at NBC Company.B:Glad to meet you,Mr.Song.I'm John Li,sales representative of our Medical Instrument Company.This is my name card.A:Thanks,and here is mine.I'm in charge of sales and marketing and now I'm conducting a market survey on the information industry.I hope we could cooperate in the future.2.A:Linda,would you like to give us your opinions about our products and their prices?B:Well…As a matter of fact,I am not so familiar with them.A:Then,do you think our prices are too high?B:Mmm,I wouldn't exactly say that.3.A:Mr.Liu,what's the purpose of our market survey?B:One of the objectives is to find out whether there's a market for the new products.A:Oh,I see.I'm glad to join the team for the survey.B:Welcome on board.4.A:What's your main responsibility in your company,Mr.Wood?B:I am responsible for conducting surveys for our products and services.A:Did you receive any professional training?B:Yes.I took several training courses at college,including marketing and sales training.5.A:Have you sent the questionnaire to our consumers?B:Yes,and we have received the feedbacks already.A:What's the result?B:Hmm,among those who have responded,30%were satisfied with the performance of our products.Activity3Listening OutTask3Dialogue OneScript:M:Lily,could you review the results of the survey on the leisure sports activities again?W:Sure,Mark.I've summarized the results of the questionnaire according to consumer age groupsand sports activities.M:How many people were interviewed in this survey?W:There were500men and women between the ages of18and60years old interviewed.M:How did you deal with the data?What are the results?W:The results are broken down into4age groups:18to26,27to35,36to45,and46to60. According to the results,the most active people involved in sports activities are those between18 to26year olds,followed by those aged from36to45.M:What activities do they go in for?W:Jogging is their favorite sport,followed by climbing,tennis,swimming and cycling.M:And what are the results according to gender?W:Oh,thanks for bringing that up.Men appear to be more active than women in the18to26age group,but women seem to be more active in the other three age groups.M:Hmm…Based on what you have said,I think we should target the18to26age group as our major customers.W:I think so.I suggest we should increase the number of our chain clubs and advertise for this age group.M:Good idea.Q1.What's the focus of the survey?Q2.How many people were interviewed in this survey?Q3.In which age group are men more active than women according to the survey?Dialogue TwoScript:M:Hello,Eva.How is your survey going?Have you come up with any results?W:Yes.According to the latest findings in our survey,our customers are satisfied with the design and the styles of our products.This is quite encouraging.M:That's good news.Any bad news?W:Yes.It seems our customers are complaining about our services.M:Oh,so we've really got to do something about it,otherwise those complaints will spoil the good reputation our company has.W:That's right.So we should put forward our suggestions to the company.Q4.According to the survey on the products,what are the customers satisfied with?Q5.What are the customers complaining about?。
视听说听力原文lesson1-13.docx
Lesson 1 NapoleonToday, I’m going to talk to you about one of the most important historical figures in European history: Napoleon Bonaparte. Let ’s start by talking about his early life. Napoleon was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. Napoleon was not a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old,he joined the French army. In that year 1785,he began the military career that would bring himfame ,power,riches and finally defeat. Napoleon became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Napoleon had many victories on the battlefield but he also became involved in French law and politics. And in 1804, at the age of 35,he became the first emperor of the France.Napoleon was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N.won many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but some countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat —“his end”came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone – deserted by his family and friends in 1821. Napoleon was only 51 years old when he died.=========================================================== Lesson 2 PompeiiThe lecture for this class is about the city of Pompeii. A natural disaster occurred there almost 2000 years ago.Today many rich people who live in large metropolitan areas such as Beijing, Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat.2,000 years ago, wealthy Romans did the same thing.They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii, a beautiful city, located on the Bay of Naples.In the summer of the year 79 C.E., a young Roman boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was Pliny the Younger. One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He saw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. What Pliny saw was the eruption of the volcano called Mount Vesuvius.Rock and ash flew through the air. The city of P . was at the foot of Mt. V.. When the volcano first erupted, manypeople were able to get out of the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash.The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P . was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. The city of P . was forgotten for almost 1,700 years.In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digging, he uncovered a part of a wall of the ancient city of P.. Soon archaeologists began to dig in the area. As time went by, much of the ancient city of P. was uncovered. Today tourists come from all over the world to see the ruins of the famous city of Pompeii.===========================================================Lesson 4 Roller CoasterLet's talk about the physics involved in a ride on a roller coaster. I'm sure many of you have taken a ride on a roller coaster. A simple roller coaster consists of a frame with a track on it. The track is very much like a train track, this track goes over a series of hills and around curves. It follows a path that ends at the same place it started. A trainof cars travels around on this track, very fast. The cars have two sets of wheels. One set of wheels rolls on top of the track, and the others set of wheels rolls below the track. The wheels below the track keep the fast moving cars from coming off the track, roller coaster cars as you probably know don't have any motors or engines. Instead, a chain pulls the cars up the first, tallest and steepy staff hill, this is how the ride begins. Then, at the top of the hill the chain comes off the cars and gravity takes over. gravity pushes the cars down the other side of the hill. the taller and steeper the first hill is, the faster the ride will be. And the farther the cars will travel. as the cars rolled downhill they gained speed. the cars have enough speed and energy to send them up the next hill. as the cars near the top of the second hill they begin to slow down. but then, the cars reached the top of that hill, and start down the other side. gravity again pushes them toward the ground. this process repeats on each hale. Okay, so let's go over this process again. first, the cars are pulled by a chain up the first highest hill. then they go down a very steep slope, at this point, there is enough energy to pull the cars up and over the next hill. when they reached the bottom of that hill, there is enough energy to climb the next hill, the roller coaster cars lose energy as the ride continues. so, the hills have to be smaller toward the end of the track, finally we roll to a stop on ground level right where we began.======================================================== Lesson 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I’d lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child language development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second language, but for a moment, let’s think about a related topic, and that is: How children develop their first language.What do we know about how babies develop their language and communication ability? Well, we know babies are able to communicate as soon as they are born,even before they learn to speak their first language. At first, they communicate by crying. This crying lets their parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begin the process of acquiring their language. The first state of language acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth. At this stage, babies start to make cooing noises when they are happy. Then, around four months of age they begin to babble. Babies all over the world begin to babble around the same age, and they all begin to make the same kinds of babbling noises. Now, by the time they are ten months old, however, the babbling of babies from different language backgrounds sounds different. For example, the babbling of a baby in a Chinese-speaking home sounds different from the babbling of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babiesbegin a new stage of language development when they begin to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speaking home may say ―baba‖for the word ―bottle‖or ―kiki‖for ―cat.‖In the next few months, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby’s environment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begin to use these words to communicate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says ―juice,‖to his father, the baby seems to be saying, ―I want more juice, Daddy‖or ―May I have more juice, Daddy?‖This word ―juice‖is really a one-word sentence.Now, the next stage of language acquisition begins around the age of 18 months, when the babies begin to say two-word sentences. They begin to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called ―telegraphic‖speech because the babies omit all but the most essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like ―Daddy, up‖which actually could mean ―Daddy, pick me up, please.‖Then, between two and three years of age, young children begin to learn more and more grammar. For example, they begin to use the past tense of verbs. The children begin to say things such as ―I walked home‖and ―I kissed Mommy.‖They also begin toovergeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mistakes. For example, children often say such thins as ―I goed to bed‖instead of ―I went to bed,‖or ―I eated ice cream‖instead of ―I ate ice cream.‖In other words, the children have learned the past tense rule for regular verbs such as ―walk‖and ―kiss,‖but they haven’t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like ―eat‖are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbs must be learned individually. Anyway, these mistakes are normal, and the children will soon learn to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it’s quite amazing how quickly babies and children all over the world learn their language and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember anything about how you learned your first language during the early years of your life? Think about the process for a minute. What was your first word? Was it ―mama‖or maybe ―papa‖? Now think also about the process of learning English as a second language. Can you remember the first word you learned in English? I doubt that it was ―mama.‖Now, think about some of the similarities anddifferences involved in the processes of child and adult language learning. We’ll talk about some similarities and differences in the first and second language learning processes tomorrow. See you then.===========================================================Lesson 7 RobotsWhen people think about a robot,they often picture a machine that look s something like a human being.However,that’s not always the case.Mo st robots do not look much like a human being at all,they look like machi nes because that’s what most of them are-industrial machines.Today,I’m going to talk mostly about industrial robots used in industry. These are robots that do work that for humans would be physically dema nding,repetitive,dangerous or very boring.Most industrial robots work on in an assembly line in a factory.For example,a robot might put liz on j ars of fruits or start boxesfor shaping.In a car factory,robotic arms on an assembly line join the parts of a car together;other robots tighten the b oats on the car’s wheelsor paint the car.There are thousands of robots p utting cars together in___plan.These robots are very precise when repe ating a task.For example,they always tighten boats with the same exact amount of force.They always move a heavy engine to exactly where it should be and they always put ahold in the exact same place in every car d oor hour after hour.These are examples of robots doing the work human s could do but the robots are doing the work more efficiently and precise ly.So,just how do robots work?To do its job a robot first needs a control s ystem.This control system directs the robots mechanical parts.The contr ol system of a robot is sort of speak--a robot brain.So how does a robot learn which action to do first and whi ch of its moving part needs to do that action?A robot learns its job with the help and guidance of a human being.To teach an industrial robot to do something,first a person must use a hand-held computer.The computer is used to guide the robot’s arm and hand through the motions it needs to do.Then,the robot stores exact movem ent in its computer memory.The robot has sensors to gather information ,so now the robot will use its sensors to direct its actions.The robot tells its moving part what to do and then it performs the action.For example, to pick up and move a box,the robot first finds the box,next it decides t he weight of the box.Then it decides how much force is needed to lift an d move the box,and finally,it finds the correct place to put the box dow n.It repeats the process over and over until it's turned off.It does the sa me job until it is given the job and new program to follow.Some scientists think that robots of the future will be smarter than today's robots.They may also look more human like or even animal like.In fact,they may wo rk and think more like humans do.The industrial robots we've been talki ng about so far today are automatic robots.They are known as automatic robots because they have program to follo w a specific series of ually,they have parts that move but t hey really don't travel around.On the other hand,an autonomous machi ne can change itsbehavior in relation to its surroundings.For example,an autonomous robot with wheelsor legs to move around can change direc tion when it senses that there are something in its way.A robot such as …can detect the movement of people nearby.It can move to avoid bump ing into ing toward it.Asthma can even learn to dance by followi ng the movements of a dancer next to it.I don't know whether or when people would welcome autonomousmachines or human like robots.I gu ess that we will not only think about that in the future.We need to think about how we will interact with our global doctor:robal teacher,robal p et,or even our robal friend.===========================================================Lesson 8 A Tidal WaveA tidal wave is a very large and very destructive wall of water that rushesin from the ocean towards the shore. Many scientists call these waves tsunami. In Japanese tsunami means “storm wave.” But do you know that tidal are not caused by storms and that they are not true tidal at all? A true tidal is the regular rise a waves and fall of ocean waters, at definite times each day, but a tidal wave comes rushing in suddenly and unexpectedly. A tidal wave is caused by an underwater earthquake. The word “seaquake” is made up of two words, the word “sea” which means “ocean” and the word “quake”. “To quake” means “to shake” or “to tremble.” When a seaquake takes place at the bottom of the ocean, the ocean floor shakes and trembles, and sometimes the ocean floor shifts. It is this shaking that produces the tidal wave. The tidal wave begins to move across the sea at great speed.Tidal waves have taken many human lives in the past. Today scientists can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. They use a seismograph to do this.A seismograph is an instrument that records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of an earthquake or seaquake. It is not possible to hold back a tidal wave, but it is possible to warn people that a tidal wave is coming. This warning can save many lives.===========================================================Lesson 9 Levels of LanguageToday I want to talk about levels of language usage. You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general, broad categories, or levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. I’m not talking about correct and incorrect English. What I’m talking about are two levels of correct English. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books such as encyclopedias, and in business letters. For example, a letter to a university would be in formal style. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. People usually use formal English when they give classroom lectures or speeches and at ceremonies such as graduations. We also tend to use formal language in conversations with persons we don’t know well or with people we have a formal relationship with, such as professors, bosses, doctors, friends of our parents’, strangers, etc. Informal language is used in conversations with colleagues, family and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends, as well as in diaries, etc. Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. However, today I’m going to talk only about a couple of ways. First of all, formal language tends to be more polite. Interestingly, it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or familymember, "Close the door, please", but to a stranger or someone in authority I probably would say "Would you mind closing the door" or "Excuse me, could you please close the door" Using words like "could" and "would" makes my request sound more polite, but also more formal. Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let me give you a couple of examples of what I mean. Let’s say "I’m just crazy about soccer!" But if I were talking to my supervisor or a friend of my parents’, I would probably say "I really enjoy soccer" or "I like soccer very much". Let’s say I’m telling someone some news I heard about the police arresting a criminal. To my friend I might say "The cops bagged the crook". To my parents’ friend I might say "The police arrested the thief".Although the line between formal and informal language is not always clear and although people are probably less formal today than in the past, it is useful to be aware that these two levels, or categories, do exist. The best way for a non-native speaker of English to learn the difference is to observe the different ways English speakers speak or write in different situations. Television newscasters, your college professors in class, your doctors in their offices, etc, will usually speak rather formally. However, your classmates, teammates, family members, friends, etc. will generally speak in an informal fashion. The difference can be learned over time byobserving and interacting with native speakers.===========================================================Lesson 10 Power: The Kinds People Use and Abuse John Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the need for a sense of personal power is one of the primary forces in human life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeling of powerlessness is one of the most disturbing of human emotions ―a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is power?Psychologists define power as the ability to determine or to change the actions or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to identify different kinds of power so that they can better understand how people use these different kinds of power to gain control over other people. They are trying to understand how people manipulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologists have identified five basic types of power, and I’d like to talk about each of these briefly in the next few minutes.The first type of power is called information power. Some psychologist believe that information power is one of the mosteffective types of power and control. The person who has information that other people want and need, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this? Well, most people like to receive and have information. Having information increases a person’s own sense of power. People who provide information can manipulate those who do not have information. Often, when people receive information, they do not know that they are being manipulated by those who provided the information. The psychologist named Edwards says, for example, that newspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and that these newspaper readers generally believe the information they read. Readers do not question the accuracy of the reports about world events they read in the newspapers.A second type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a person may identify with and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that person can influence your actions and behavior. Many people imitate and are controlled by the people they identify with. Let me give you a sad example ofthe use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jonestown, Guyana, more than 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what he told them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him, and they did what he told them to do. More recently a man named David Koresh controlled the lives and destinies of a small community of men, women, and children in Waco, Texas. Most people in his community died in a fire, along with their leader, during a confrontation with U.S. government agents.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards, have a lot of legitimate power. When the government decides to raise taxes or make people go to war, most people will do what their government officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experiment that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked people on the street to move away from a bus stop. When he was dressed as a civilian, few people moved away from the bus stop. When the researcher was dressed as a guard, most people moved away from the bus stop.The guard’s uniform seemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is a person who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or who knows a lot about something, such as computers. Most people are impressed by the skills or knowledge of an expert. Some of these “experts” use their skills at playing sports or knowing about computers to gain power and influence ―and t o gain money or admiration, according to Edwards. In other words, they use their expertise to gain power.Finally, reward or coercive power is used by people who have the power to reward or punish another person’s actions or behavior. Giving a reward will change people’s behavior because it offers people a chance for gain. Giving a punishment may or may not cause the people to do what the powerful person wants them to do, but the changes may not last for a long time. The person who uses coercive power may also have to carefully watch thatthe less powerful person does, in fact, change his or her actions or behavior.To sum up, then, power may be gained in many ways. It may come from having information that other people want or need; it may come from being a referent for other people to identify with or to imitate; it may come from having an official, or legitimate, position of authority; it may come from having skills or expertise; or it may come from having the power to reward or punish people. We all exercise one or more of these various kinds of power over other people, and other people will try to exercise one or more of these kinds of power over us throughout our lives.==================================================Lesson11 Asian and African Elephants:Similarities and Diff erencesThe African and the Asian elephants are the largest land animals in the w orld.They are really enormous animals.The African and the Asian elepha nts are alike,or similar,in many ways,but there are differences between the2types of elephants,too.What are some of the similarities between the African and the Asian ele phant?Well,for one thing,both animals have long noses,called trunks. An elephant sometimes uses its trunk like a third hand.Both kinds of ele phants use their trunks to pick up very small objects and very large,heavy objects.They can even pick up trees with their trunks.For another thin g,both the African and the Asian elephants have very large ears,althoug h the African elephant’s ears are considerably larger.In addition,both animals are intelligent.They can be trained to do heavy work.They can also be trained to do tricks to entertain people.In other words,they both work for people,and they entertain people also.As I said before,the African and Asian elephants are alike in many ways, but they are also quite different,too.Let me explain what I mean.The Af rican elephant is larger and heavier than the Asian n eleph ants reach a height of about 10 feet, and African elephants reach about 13 feet tall.The African male elephant weighs between12,000and14,000pounds.I n contrast,the average Asian male elephant weighs between7,000and1 2,000pounds.So one is bigger than the other, but as you can see,both are still enormous animals.Another difference between the2kinds of elephants is the size of the ea n elephants have smaller ears than African elephants.The Africa n elephant has2very large teeth.These teeth are called tusks.The Asian elephanthowever sometimes does not have any tusks at all.The elephants differ i n color,too.The African elephant is dark gray in color while the Asian ele phant is light gray.Occasionally an Asian elephant is even white!The lastbig difference between the2 typesof elephants is their temperament.The Asian elephant is tamer than the African elephant, orin another way,the African elephant is much wilder than the Asian eleph ant.As a result,it’s more difficult to train the African elephant to perfor m tricks to entertain people.That’s why the elephants you see in the circ us are probably Asian elephants and not African elephants.Yes,there certainly are differences between the African and the Asian el ephants,but as I mention at the start of mytall,there is one big similarity between the2animals:they are both fasci nating and enormous animals.===========================================================Lesson 13 Lincoln and KennedyJohn F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln lived in different times and had very different family and educational backgrounds. K ennedy lived in the 20th century; Lincoln lived in the 19th cen tury. Kennedy was born in 1917, whereas Lincoln was born m ore than a hundred years earlier, in 1809. As for their family b ackgrounds, Kennedy came from a rich family, but Lincoln’s f amily was not wealthy. Because Kennedy came from a wealthy family, he was able to attend expensive private schools. He graduated from Harvard University. Lincoln, on the other hand, had only one year of formal schooling. In spite of his lack of f ormal schooling, he became a well-known lawyer. He taught himself law by reading law books. Li ncoln was, in other words, a self-educated man.In spite of these differences in Kennedy and Lincoln’s backgr ounds, some interesting similarities between the 2 men are ev ident. In fact, books have been written about the strange coin cidences in the lives of these 2 men. Take forexample ,their political careers. Lincoln began his political car eer in congress. Similarly, Kennedy also began his political car eer in congress. Lincoln was elected to the U.S. House of Repr esentatives in 1847, and Kennedy was elected to the House in 1947. So they were elected to congress exactly 100 years apart. Another interesting coincidence is that each man was e lected president of the United States in a year ending with the number 60. Lincoln was elected president in 1860, and Kenne dy was elected in 1960; furthermore, both men were presiden t during years of civil unrest in the country. Lincoln was presid ent during the American Civil War. At the time Kennedy became president,African-Americans were fighting for theircivil rights ,unrest took the form of civil rights demonstrations.Times change and it’s just over 15 more years,the United States elected its first African-American president Barack Obama. President Obama was elected in 2008 and…,but let me get back to talk about Lincoln and Kennedy.Another striking similarity between these 2 men was that, as y ou probably know, neither president lived to complete his ter m in office. Lincoln and Kennedy were both assassinated whil e in office. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963 inDallas, Texas, after only 1,000 days in office. Lincoln was assas sinated in 1865 a few days after the end of the American Civil War. It’s rather curious to note that both presidents were sh ot while they were sitting next to their wives.These are only a few examples of the unusual similarities in th e destinies of these 2 Americans – men who had a tremendou s impact on the social and political life in the United States an d the imagination of the American people.。
高级英语听记教程1听力原文
高级英语听记教程1听力原文English Response:Lesson 1: Introducing the Basics of Advanced English Listening Comprehension.Welcome to the first lesson of our Advanced English Listening Comprehension course.In this lesson, we will introduce some of the basic concepts and strategies you need to know to improve your listening skills.First, it's important to understand the difference between listening and hearing.Hearing is the act of perceiving sound, while listening involves actively interpreting and understanding the sounds you hear.As you listen to English, you should be trying to understand the meaning of what is being said, not just the individual words.This is where comprehension comes in. Comprehension is the ability to understand the meaning of what you hear or read.There are a number of factors that can affect your listening comprehension, including:Your level of English proficiency.Your familiarity with the topic of the conversation.The speed of the speaker.The presence of background noise.Your ability to focus and concentrate.To improve your listening comprehension, you need to practice regularly and use a variety of listening materials.You should also try to listen to English in different contexts, such as watching movies, listening to music, and reading English newspapers and magazines.In addition, there are a number of specific strategies you can use to improve your listening skills, such as:Predicting what the speaker is going to say.Paying attention to key words and phrases.Making inferences.Summarizing what you hear.By following these tips, you can improve yourlistening comprehension and become a more confident English listener.Chinese Response:高级英语听力教程1听力原文。
高级英语视听说听记教程1听力原文
高级英语视听说听记教程1听力原文English:Listening and Note-Taking Tutorial for Advanced English Listening.Step 1: Before Listening.Preview the text or audio. Read the title and skim through the text to get an idea of the topic and structure.Identify key vocabulary and concepts related to the topic.Set a purpose for listening. Determine what specific information you need to obtain from the recording.Step 2: During Listening.Listen attentively for main ideas and supportingdetails.Take notes in a concise and organized manner.Use abbreviations, symbols, or shorthand to capture key points.Focus on understanding the overall message rather than every single word.Step 3: After Listening.Review your notes immediately. Fill in any gaps or clarify any unclear sections.Summarize the main points of the recording in your own words.Check your understanding by answering comprehension questions or discussing the topic with others.Additional Tips.Practice regularly to improve your listening comprehension skills.Use authentic materials such as news broadcasts, podcasts, or movies to expose yourself to real-world speech patterns.Seek feedback from a native speaker or language tutor to improve your pronunciation and grammar.Don't be afraid to replay sections of the recording to clarify your understanding.中文回答:高级英语听力理解听记教程。
外研版高中英语教材听力文稿(必修一至必修五)
外研版高中英语必修一听力文稿Module OneRob: Hi, Diane!Diane: Hi, Rob! How are you doing?Rob: I’m fine. I’ve just been to my first language class.Diane: Oh really? So have I.Rob: Really? Which language are you studying?Diane: Spanish. Which language are you studying?Rob: Chinese.Diane: Is that right? Cool! How was it?Rob: It was good. The teacher’s name is Mr. Davies.Diane: Mr Davies?Rob: Yes, he isn’t Chinese, obviously, but he’s fluent in Chinese. And there’s an assistant teacher called Miss Wang. She is Chine se. We’re going to see her once a week.Diane: And what do you think?Rob: Well, learning Chinese isn’t going to be easy-but the first lesson was very enjoyable-I liked it a lot. Mr. Davies gave us a lot of encouragement-he made us feel really good about being there. The most important thing at the beginning is pronunciation, getting the sounds right-and he was very good at correction-he said it didn’t matter if we made mistakes. I think we all made a lot of progress-in just anhour!Diane: That’s great.Rob: What about Spanish? Did you start yet?Diane: Yes, we did. The teacher is nice, but I already speak some Spanish and the rest of the class are really beginners. I misunderstood the teacher-I thought she said the class was for people who already speak Spanish. I’m not sure if I’m going to make much progress.Rob: Oh, I’m sure things will improve.Diane: Maybe-actually, I was a bit disappointed-she explained everything in English.Rob: Oh, that’s too bad.Note: obviously: adv. 明显地beginners:新手,初学者Module TwoTape scriptI don’t agree that all good teachers talk a lot. Some good teachers talk a lot and some don’t. I do think that teachers need to be strict, but they don’t need to be very strict. I do believe that discipline is important. Yes I like teachers who are amusing. I think you enjoy the lesson more and so you learn more. And I agree with the statement that the most popular teachers are very kind. Everyone likes kind people. Of course, good teachers always return homework quickly. I thinkthat’s very important. And the next statement is obviously true, a teacher must check that everyone in the class understands. What about the next statement? No, I don’t agree with that at all. There are times when a teacher needs to talk without interruption. And the last statement—It doesn’t matter if a teacher is not organized. That’s really stupid. A teacher must be organised. How can student learn if the teacher isn’t organised?Notes: statement:论断,论述obviously: adv. 明显地interruption: 打断LISTENING AND V ocabularyTapescript(St=Student Mr. S=Mr. Stanton)Mr. S: Okay, kids, as you know, the exams are coming up soon, so we need to start work on revision. This afternoon I’m going to give you a choice. We can either do some revision or we can do some translation. It’s up to you.St: I’d rather do translation than revision, Mr. Stanton.Mr. S: How many people would like to do translation?Chorus of voices: I would/Me/I’d like to do translation.Mr. S: That’s eight of you. So the rest of you would prefer to do revision, is that right?Chorus of voices: Yes.Mr. S: That’s sixteen of you. So that’s settled. We’ll do revision. I’m going to giveyou a choice of topic, too. Do you want to revise Life in the Future or Travel?St: I’d rather do Life in the Future.St: I’d prefer to do Travel.Mr. S: Hands up for Life in the Future. (Students raise their hands) Eighteen of you. The choice is made. But before we start, there are a couple of things I need to say to you. Firstly, have you all got your new timetables?Chorus of voices: Yes. .Mr. S: Good. Can you take a look at them? OK. Now, at present you have a free period on Tuesday afternoons. Well, that’s been changed and you’ve got French instead. Have you got that?Chorus of voices: Yes.Mr. S: Excellent. And there’s one other thing. The headmaster wants to see everyone in the library at three this afternoon. OK?Chorus of voices: Yes.Mr. S: Right. Let’s begin our revision of Life in the Future.Module ThreeTapescriptInterviewer: Tell me, Mary, where were you born? .Mary Lennon: I was born in London.Interviewer: Really? And when did you go to America?Mary Lennon: In 1934, when I was 19 years old, I went to New York. . Interviewer: Is that right? Did you travel by plane?Mary Lennon: By plane? No, of course not! We travelled by ship! Interviewer: Goodness! How long did that take? .Mary Lennon: About seven days.Interviewer: Did you enjoy it?Mary Lennon: No! I hated it!Interviewer: Why? Were you sick?Mary Lennon: No! I was bored!Interviewer: Who invited you to go to America? And who paid for your ticket? Mary Lennon: To be honest, I can’t remember. A film producer, I think. Interviewer: What did you do in New York?Mary Lennon: Well, I met a lot of people, and I went to some parties. But I was there to make films and the film studios were in California, on the other side of the country, you see. So I went to California.Interviewer: How did you get from New York to California?Mary Lennon: By train.Interviewer: Did you like that?Mary Lennon: Oh yes, definitely! I loved travelling by train.Interviewer: How long did the journey take?Mary Lennon: Well, in those days, you could travel from New York to Los Angeles in about a week.Interviewer: Really?Mary Lennon: Yes. We stopped in Chicago for a few days.Interviewer: Oh, I see. .Mary Lennon: I think it was two weeks before I arrived in Los Angeles. Interviewer: And what happened when you arrived in Los Angeles?Mary Lennon: Absolutely nothing. I did nothing for weeks!Interviewer: What did you think of Los Angeles?Mary Lennon: It was too hot!Module FourTapescriptPart 1Interviewer: Mr. Yang, you’re from Nanchang, aren’t you? And am I right in thinking that you’ve lived here all your life?Yang Hua: Yes, I was born in the street.Interviewer: Really! And you work for an organization called "the neighbourhood committee”, is tha t right?Yang Hua: Yes, I’ve worked for it for four years now. It’s been very interesting. Interviewer: We don’t have such organisations in France. What kind of work does the committee do?Yang Hua: A great many things. Our job is to look after the neighbourhood. Interviewer: Can you give us some examples?Yang Hua: Yes. . . Umm, for example, we’ve started a holiday club for children. A lot of children have joined it. It’s done very well.Interviewer: Yes, we have that kind of thing in France.Yang Hua: And we’ve begun a neighbourhood watch, where people watch the houses and streets. It’s been very successful, so far. The streets are safer as a result. Interviewer: Congratulations!Part 2Interviewer: You’ve just completed a survey of the neighbourhood, haven’t you? Yang Hua: Yes, it’s been fascinating. In the past we haven’t known much about the people who live in our area. Now we have a lot more information. Interviewer: I’d be interested to hear some of the figures.Yang Hua: Well, there are 850 households.Interviewer: So it’s quite a small area.Yang Hua: Yes, it is. The total population is 2 800.Interviewer: 2 800. Have you collected any information about occupations?Yang Hua: Yes, we’ve got 322 professional people, teachers, etc. There are 517 office workers, 378 people in manual work and 280 students. There are 183 people working in local shops like the butcher’s and the greengrocer’s.Interviewer: I see. What about the number of adults in employment?Yang Hua: We make it 1 400. We’ve certainly done our best to help people find employment.Interviewer: I’m sure you have!Module FiveINTRODUCTIONTapescript1. Water exists as a solid, a liquid and a gas.2. When you heat a metal, it expands.3. Steel is a mixture of iron and other substances. .4. Two-thirds of the earth’s surface is water. .5. The distance of the sun from the earth is 150 500 500 kilometers.6. The earth is 4. 6 billion years old.7. The earth is forty nine times larger than the moon.LISTENING AND WRITING3. Aim: To find out if there’s a change in weight when magnesium burns in air. Apparatus: Magnesium, Bunsen burner, a balance, a crucible.Method: First, put the magnesium in the crucible. Then put the crucible on the balance and weigh it. Next, heat the magnesium. Light the Bunsen burner and hold the crucible over it. Finally, weigh the magnesium again.Result: It weighs a little more than before.Conclusion: There is a change in weight when magnesium burns in air. Tapescript(Mr. C= Mr. Chen, Z. K. = Zhang Kai, L. K. - Li Kang)Mr. C: OK, boys and girls, we’re going to do an experiment. Come a bit closer. The closer you are, the more you’ll see! That’s right! Now, what’s the aim of this experiment, Zhou Kai?Z. K.: We want to find out if there’s a change in weight when magnesium burns in air.Mr. C: That’s right. So what do we need first?Z. K.: Um... We need some magnesium. How much do we need? What about this piece? Is this piece OK?Mr. C: No, we need rather more than that-about two and a half grams. We need a piece which is much bigger than that.Z. K.: OK. . . And we need a Bunsen burner . . . a balance . . . and a crucible to put the metal in ... Here they all are. . . Where do we go from here? . Mr. C: Well, first, put the magnesium in the crucible. Then put the crucible on the balance and weigh it.Mr. C: How much does it weigh? Take a look, everyone. Is it any heavier?Z. K.: Um . . . It weighs two and a half grams. Do you want me to write that down? Mr. C: Yes, write it down. What next?Z. K.: Yes. . . Um, next, we’re going to heat the magnesium. So I light the Bunsen burner. After that, I hold the crucible over it... Oh look, it’s burning with a white light! It’s getting brighter and brighter!Mr. C: It’s pretty, isn’t it? Keep the noise down, boys and girls, please.Z. K.: Um... Lastly, we need to weigh the magnesium again. . . It weighs four grams now.Mr. C: So what does that tell you?Z. K.: It weighs a little more than before. .Mr. C: How much more?Z. K.: 1. 5 grams more.Mr. C: And what does that mean?Z. K.: It means that there is a change in weight when magnesium burns in air. Mr. C: You’ve got it! Well done! So now, let’s do the same experiment with copper. Come along, Li Kang, it’s your turn now. What do you think will happen if you heat copper?L. K: I think it’ll be a lot heavier than magnesium. Shall I begin?Mr. C: Yes, go ahead!Module SixLISTENING AND VOCABULARYTapescriptInterviewer: Hello and welcome to Education Today. Today, we’re talking about the Internet. Is the Internet a good thing for education? With me in the studio are Ann Baker, who’s a teacher, Tom Grant, who’s 17 and still at school, and Tom’s mother Pat. Welcome to the show, everyone. If I can talk to you first, Ann, do you think that the Internet is a good thing or a bad thing?Ann: Well, there are good and bad things about the Internet, but I think we should concentrate on the good things. The Internet has fantastic information about all kinds of things, and for this reason I think it’s very good for students to use it. Interviewer: Do you allow your students to use the Internet during school time? Ann: Absolutely! They have Internet classes once a week. It’s a chance for them todo some independent work. I make sure they have a reason to use the Internet. Interviewer; What do you think are the bad things about using the Internet? Ann: Well, we all know that there are some terrible sites on the Internet. We must make sure that students look for information on interesting and useful sites. Interviewer: I see. Thank you. Well, I also have Pat and Tom Grant with me. Tom, how often do you use the Internet? .Tom: Every day.Interviewer: At school or at home?Tom: At school and at home.Interviewer: How much time do you spend on the Internet at home?Tom: As much time as I can. About five hours.Interviewer: Five hours a week?Tom: No! Five hours a day!Interviewer: And what do you do on the Internet? Do you study?Tom: Yes. It’s good to study on the Internet.Interviewer: Is it better than studying at school?Tom: Well, they’re different. I like studying at school as well.Interviewer: Pat, what do you think about that?Pat: Well, I’m happy when Tom is studying on the Internet, but he doesn’t always study.Interviewer: What do you mean?Pat: Well, there are a lot of music sites that he likes. And he spends a lot of timereading about his favourite football team. .Interviewer: So you would prefer it if he didn’t do that.Pat: No—I want him to study and enjoy himself. But studying is important. And studying from books is important.Interviewer: More important than studying on the Internet?Pat: Studying is the important thing.外研版高中英语必修二听力文稿Module OneDoctor: Hello, Mr. Chen, how can I help you?Mr. Chen: I’m not feeling at all well, doctor. In fact, I feel awful. I’ve got a temperature of 38℃and my chest hurts when I breathe.Doctor: How long have you had the temperature? Two or three days?Mr. Chen: About four days, actually.Doctor: Four days. Do you have any other symptoms?Mr. Chen: Yes, I’ve got a sore throat and a cough.Doctor: Can you lie down, please, and I’ll examine you?...Can you take a deep breath? … And another one…Doctor: Well, I’m afraid you’ve probably got pneumonia. We’ll need to do an X-ray to be certain, and we may need to take you into hospital.Mr. Chen: Oh dear!Doctor: Don’t worry. Nowadays, with the right drugs, people get better veryrapidly. I’ll wr ite you a prescription. Are you allergic to penicillin?Mr. Chen: No, I’m not.Doctor: Good. Is there someone who can take you to hospital?Mr. Chen: A friend of ours is in hospital at the moment and my wife’s going to visit her this afternoon. She can take me in at the same time.Doctor: That couldn’t be better. And how are you planning to get home now?Mr. Chen: My wife’s going to pick me up in a quarter of an hour.Doctor: Jolly good. I’ll write a note for your employers saying that you’re sick. And I’l l ring the hospital and arrange that X-ray for you.Mr. Chen: How long will I be off work? About a week?Doctor: No, I should imagine about two weeks, at least.Mr. Chen: Two weeks! Well, thank you, doctor.Doctor: Goodbye, Mr. Chen.Module TwoInterviewer: Good evening, and welcome to the show. With me in the studio is Professor Marion Smith, who is an expert on the connection between crime and drug addiction. Good evening, Professor Smith.Professor: Good evening.Interviewer: First of all, how many people use illegal drugs in Britain? Professor: Possibly four million people.Interviewer: Really? Four million?Professor: Yes.Interviewer: How many of them break the law in order to pay for their drugs? Professor: It’s possible that a hundred thousand peopl e steal in order to pay for their drug addiction.Interviewer: A hundred thousand?! That’s incredible! And what kind of crimes do they commit?Professor: Mainly shoplifting – in other words, stealing from shops – and burglary, stealing from houses.Interviewer: I see.Professor: And there’s another problem. Drug users get into trouble with the police for other reasons as well.Interviewer: What kind of reasons?Professor: Well, you often see drug users in public places – shopping centers, railway stations, for example – and some of them behave so badly that members of the public call the police. Some people feel so nervous when they see drug users that they call the police anyway.Interviewer: This is a really bad problem, isn’t it?Professor: Absolutely, but the good news is that drug users who go to treatment centers usually stop their criminal activities.Interviewer: How many addicts go to treatment centers?Professor: Last year, about 30,000 people went to drug treatment centers. Interviewer: Thirty thou sand? That’s amazing.Professor: Yes, there are such a lot of people that there isn’t time to help them all.Interviewer: What kind of people are they?Professor: Well, the majority are young people in their twenties. And about 75 percent of the young people are men.Interviewer: And do all these people live in cities?Professor: Oh no. The ratio of drug users in society is the same in cities and in the countryside. But they all have something in common.Interviewer: What’s that?Professor: Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.Interviewer: Professor Marion Smith, thank you very much.Professor: Thank you.Module ThreeThe Beatles were the most successful band in the history of popular music. The band consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. Starr played drums, the other three played guitar. Lennon and McCartney wrote most of the songs. All the Beatles were born in Liverpool in the north of England.During the early 1960s, the Beatles were influenced by American rock singers, such as Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley. They had their first hit in 1962 with a catchy song called Love Me Do (1962). In 1964, after they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States and were a huge success.During the mid-1960s, the Beatles were one of the bands which gave rock music a new direction. Some of their songs were quite serious, such as NowhereMan; there were ballads such as Yesterday and more complex songs such as Strawberry Fields Forever.By the late 1960s, their music had changed completely. They had stopped writing simple songs with catchy tunes. The tunes and the lyrics had become more interesting and they had begun to use new instruments, too. For example, after visiting India, they started using Indian instrument.Some of their albums changed pop music completely. Their last album was Let It Be in 1970.After they had finished recording Let It Be, they split up. By the time they stopped working together, they had sold more albums than any other band in history. After the group had broken up, all the Beatles performed as solo artists or started other bands.John Lennon died in New York in 1980. George Harrison Died in 2001.Module FourGirl: Hey, that’s a good portrait. It’s so realistic. You’ve really got the expression right – the look in the eyes.Boy: Yes, I’m pleased with it. What do you make of the mouth? Do you think I need to do more work on it?Girl: No, don’t change a thing. It’s brilliant. And the light coming in through th e window is really good. You’re a good painter, you know.Boy: Thanks for the compliment! I’m really fond of painting. But learning to paint well takes a long time. How about you, are you interested in it?Girl: Yes, but I’m not half as good as you. Painting is difficult for me. I couldn’t possibly paint a portrait as good as this. I think drawing’s a lot easier. I do quite a lot of drawing.Boy: So do I. I always learn a lot when I draw. It teaches you to observe things carefully. Do you go to art galleries?Girl: No, I don’t. But I should, I know. I really do love art.Boy: Well, how about going to an art gallery next weekend? I’m sure we can find something interesting.Girl: I’d love to.Boy: There’s a pop art exhibition on at the moment.Girl: Um, I don’t like pop art.Boy: Nor do I, really. I know, there’s an exhibition of water colours on at the same gallery.Girl: Oh, that sounds interesting. I love water colours.Boy: Do you? I prefer oil paintings, myself. But I’d still like to go.Girl: Let’s do that then…And I do think your picture of Mike is wonderful. Boy: Mike? It’s not a picture of Mike! It’s a picture of Paul!Girl: Paul? It’s a picture of Paul? Oh! I didn’t realise that. Sorry!Module FiveReading and ListeningAThe British Prime Minister landed at Beijing Airport at nine o’clock yesterdaymorning at the start of a five-day visit to China. His wife and son were with him. “This is my first visit to China,” he said, “and I’m delighted to be here. Now that I have made this first visit, I hope I can come many more times.” The Prime Minister is also planning to visit Shanghai and Guilin.BAmerican singer Bobbie Sharon was in London yesterday. She went to the Channel 16 TV studio, where she sang Sometimes, a song from her new album. While she was waiting for a taxi outside the studio, she met 16-year-old Sam Parrish, who was two meters tall. “I’m your biggest fan,” said Parrish. “Well, you’re my tallest fan,” replied Sharon. “Could I possibly have your autograph on my arm?” asked Sam. “As you have asked me so nicely,” said Sharon, “I’d be delighted to sign your arm.”CAmateur astronomer David Bates was looking at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise. “I saw aliens on the moon,” he said. “They were getting out of a spaceship.” since no one else saw the aliens, not many people believe Mr Bates. Mr. Bates, who is 68, also saw aliens landing on the moon last year and two years ago.Listening and speakingInterviewer: I’m talking to Tom Johnson, who has just made a film in Hollywood. Welcome, Tom.Tom Johnson: Thank you. It’s very nice to be here.Interviewer: So, you’re an English theatre actor, but you’ve just come back from making a film in Hollywood.Tom Johnson: That’s right.Interviewer: How did you get the part?Tom Johnson: Well, I was working in a play in New York and the director of the film came to see it. Actually, she came to see another actor in the play. Interviewer: I see. And then what happened?Tom Johnson: Well, at the end of the play, she came backstage to talk to the other actor.Interviewer: I see.Tom Johnson: And my dressing room was next to his, so after she’d talked to him, she talked me.Interviewer: And what did she say?Tom Johnson: She said, “W hy don’t you fly to Hollywood and we’ll give you a screen test.”Interviewer: And what did you say?Tom Johnson: I said, “Yes, of course!” so I went to Hollywood and did a screen test.Then I flew back to New York and carried on with the play.Interviewer: What were you doing when you heard that you had got the part? Tom Johnson: I was sleeping! When she rang, I was asleep. Anyway, I stopped doing the play and flew back to Hollywood.Interviewer: What did you do when you arrived in Hollywood?Tom Johnson: I went to stay in a smart hotel.Interviewer: What did you think when you arrived at the film studio?Tom Johnson: I thought it was great. I was a bit nervous but it was all very exciting.Function and Everyday EnglishA; It says in the newspaper that by the year 2050, there will be cities on the moon. B; Oh, come on! That’s impossible!A: Well, you never know. We have the technology to do it.B: It’s a crazy idea. Who wants to live on the moon?A: I think it would be very interesting.B: You can’t be serious! It would be terrible.A: Well, stranger things have happened. I may want to do it myself.B: In 2050? You must be joking. You’ll be nearly 60 years old.Module SixInterviewer: Do you have a television in your home?Boy: Sure! We’ve got two, one in the sitting room and a small one in the kitchen. We always watch telly in the morning in the kitchen as we eat our breakfast. Interviewer: Really! How often do you watch it?Boy: Watch the box? I watch it every night for about two hours. And sometimes, when my parents are out, I watch it non-stop all evenin g, I’m afraid to say. I love it, it’s the way I relax. My mum says I watch too much, but I disagree.I think you can learn a lot from television. There was a programme about homeless people last weekend that was really interesting.Interviewer: Do you watch a lot of films on television?Boy: I watch films all the time at the weekend. It’s one of the most relaxing things you can do when you’re tired or bored.Interviewer: I see! How often do you change channels in an evening?Boy: Quite a lot. If we’re al l watching, we often argue about which programme we want to watch. My parents like serious programmes like the news, but I prefer comedy programmes.Interviewer: Do you enjoy advertisements?Boy: Yes, I do, I think they can be very interesting. I saw an excellent one yesterday. When I leave school, I want to work in advertising.Interviewer: Good for you! What’s your favourite TV programme?Boy: I love watching Neighbours. Everyone in it acts so brilliantly. I have to find out what’s happening to the char acters. They seem so real!Interviewer: So what’s on TV tonight? Anything good?Boy: Absolutely! Neighbours!外研版高中英语必修三听力文稿Module OneCarlos: Hello, my name is Carlos and I’m from Spain.Helen: Hi, Carlos. I’m Helen.Amy: And my name is Amy. Pleased to meet you.Carlos: Are you English?Helen: No! Neither of us is English.Amy: Helen’s from Scotland and I come from Wales.Carlos: Really? So, Helen, where do you live in Scotland?Helen: In Edinburgh.Carlos: Edinburgh. Nice. That’s the capital of Scotland, isn’t it?Helen: Yes, it is.Carlos: And Amy, you’re from Wales.Amy: That’s right.Carlos: That’s west of England, isn’t it?Amy: Yes, it is. It’s a separate country and it’s to the west of England. Carole: And where in Wales do you live?Amy: Well, my family lives in Cardiff.Cardiff: Cardiff? I’ve never heard of Cardiff. Is it a big city?Amy: Yes, it is! It’s the capital!Carlos: Oh, I’m so sorry!Amy: That’s all right.Carlos: There are so many capital cities in the United Kingdom!Helen: Yes, Scotland and Wales are separates countries. And each of them has a capital city.Carlos: So what are you doing here in London?Helen: We’re students.Carlos: What are you studying?Helen: Languages.Carlos: Which ones?Helen: Well, there are about 60 students in the class, and all of them are studying at least two languages. I’m studying French and Chinese.Amy: And I’m studying German and Russian.Carlos: So neither of you is studying Spanish.Amy: No, sorry. In fact, none of the students in our class is studying Spanish. Carlos: Oh, That’s sad.Helen: Where in Spain do you live?Carlos: In Valencia.Amy: Valencia? Whereabouts is that?Carlos: It’s on the east coast. It’s about 200 kilometers south of Barcelona.Amy: I see. Is it a big city?Carlos: Yes. Quite big.Amy: What’s it like?Carlos: It’s a wonderful place. And our soccer team is fantastic.Helen: What kind of work do people do there?Carlos: Well, a lot of them work in tourism.Helen: Really? And what are you doing here in London?Carlo s: Well, I’m studying English at university, so I’m here for a month.Amy: Really? That’s nice.Carlos: Yes. In fact, my whole class is coming.Helen: How many students are there in the class?Carlos: Forty-seven. But none of them has arrived yet!Module TwoLingling: Is this your first time in Beijing, Richard?Richard: Yes, it is.Lingling: How do you find it?Richard: It’s totally fascinating. It’s so different from Sydney, where I live. Lingling: Now I’m fascinated. Tell me about the differences, as you see them. Richard: Well, Sydney’s a younger city than Beijing. Beijing has a lot of more inhabitants and is much more crowded.Lingling: Yes, we certainly have a huge population, like most Chinese cities. Richard: It’s very exciting, as a result. And the re’s so much construction going on. Lingling: I know, we’re growing very fast. For example, I don’t think we have as many freeways as Sydney does, but we soon will!Richard: I believe you! I think there are fewer tourists in Beijing-at least for now. And I get the feeling that Beijing’s less dangerous.Lingling: Yes, there’s probably a lot less crime here.Richard: What about the climate? I think Sydney has less rain.Lingling: Yes, we can get a lot of rain in July and August.Richard: I’ve noticed! It’s po uring at the moment!。
高级英语听力step_by_step_3000第一册Unit1-12答案和听力原文
Unit 1Part I A1. Oxford / commitment / academic record2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels4. excellence / 17.000 / location5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,0006. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / thirdB1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation2.official / language3.One billion / 20 percent4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other6.Eighty percent / computers7.African country / same8.1,000 / Africa9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United StatesC 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types” – the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they like to study by themselves. They like to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are?Part II A3GCSE examinations students / higher educationstudent/ second year / high school / college general exam / School Certificatesitting University Entrance Examination bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 yearsmaster’s degree: another year or two doctorate: a further 3-7 yearsWell, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college oruniversity, and that’s usually for three years.Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high school around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They will stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education.Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local school boards.Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching.Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciationB2 1. F 2. T 3. FI – Interviewer P – ProfessorI: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.P: Good morning.I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big business” all around the world.P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I: Why is that?P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages – it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I: English spelling baffles me, too.P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French – like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase” which is from the French. The French word often has more prestige.I: Anglo-Saxon?P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I: Informal English?P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.I: And how is Canadian English different from American and British?P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour” and “colour”.I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you. Part III University Life A1 I. Age / Foreign student population II. 15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab) / Discussion group: 15-20 / much smaller / informal, friendly / 2-3 hrs: 1 hrToday I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let’s begin my talking about an average student entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average” student for our purposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures.What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average” student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes – for example, language classes – will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.A2 II. Examinations / quizzesIII. Graduate school / Seminars / some area of interest / a research paperLet’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance and may even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to entergraduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, with regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.B2 to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroom Passive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himselfHow would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?He’s eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, he immediately starts trying to use it.He’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.He’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?He plays with language.I’ve done this chapter I know this, without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll rarely ask you why this …Just sort of accepts what you give him and doesn’t do anything more with it.… and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.And peep over at his neighbor’s paper.An alternative learning strategy.He invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.That characterizes the good or bad learner?He’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.He’ll work outside the classroom as well as in it.Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IV University Campus A2. the History Department3. the Psychology Department4. the Library5. the Education Department6. the Philosophy Department7. the Geography Department8. the Sports Ground9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration BuildingLook at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from theLibrary, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12. on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.B Robert Martin / biology / next fall / six years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometown / science (biology in particular), sportsSo I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.It sounds as if you’re a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.I don’t find a transcript among your papers.But it’s hard to keep up with both sports and studies.I’ll hold your application until we get the transcript.What did your guidance counselor tell you?He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I have been fascinated with science since I was a child. An interest of that kind really signifies something.Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful people16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 / 5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square miles.Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.Do you know which is the largest desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles.The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles.You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet. The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.B1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,0001.The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census,the total population was 1,243,738,000.2.The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3.And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in1997.4.Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 peoplelive there.5.Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.6.Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7.The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8.Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997reached 125,638,000.9.The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was122,013,000 in 1997.10.Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people livingthere.11.The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.12.And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of82,071,000.CChinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 millionDo you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part II1. A baby boy2.social/ ecological/ populations3.longer/ healthierA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospitalin Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.B b c aThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part III Awater/ 70% red or brown/ plant cover snow/ continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plainsB 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Rio de Janeiro4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghia7. SeoulI-Interview E-ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the developing countries?E: The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work. And the problems this creates are enormous. It’s estimated that 26 million people will be living in Mexico City by the year 2000, with Sao Paulo in Brazil not far behind.I: It’s difficult to believe.E: I know. Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere 13 million. Well, just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is going to cause in terms of health, transport and education.I: Yes. What about the cities of Asia? Will they be experiencing a similar sort of growth?E: In some cases, yes. Calcutta in India which was No. 10 in the league in 1950 is expected to bethe fourth biggest city in the world with a population of 16 million- quadrupling its size in just 50 years. Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be in the top ten.I: What about Japan?E: Ah! Well, Tokyo was number three in 1950 and that’s where it’ll be at the beginning of the next century, although its population will have trebled to about 18 million. Looking at the other major cities in Asia, Shanghai and Seoul will be in the top ten as well but, perhaps surprisingly, not Beijing or Hong Kong.I: Now, if we could turn our attention to home, what about the trend of people moving out of the cities…Part IV skills /the main idea/what/recognize/central / important/direction/ purpose/inform/compare/answer/stated/a topic sentence/ first/ details/ difficult/ persuade/ end/ implied/ hinted at/a wholeUnit 3 Traveling from Place to PlacePartⅠABA912/11:20/17 BA877/11:20/14 BA292/11:25/19 TW695/11:30/16 4 EA831/11:35/24 BA838/9 IB290/11:35/15 LH039/11:40/9 BA666/11:40/18 AI141/6 BA560/22 Last call for British airways flight BA912 for Tokyo. BA912 for Tokyo due to depart at 11:20 boarding at gate 17.British airways flight BA877 to Boston. British airways flight BA877 to Boston duo to depart at 11:20 boarding now at gate 14.British airways flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi. Flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi duo to depart at 11:25 now board at gate 19.TWA flight, TW695to New York. TWA flight TW695 to New York departing at 11:30 boarding at gate 16.B Tea, soft drinks, coffee, Egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and chips, roast chicken, cheeseburgersTape script:Chief Steward: may I have your attention please, ladies and gentlemen? This is the chief steward speaking. We would like to inform all passengers that the buffet car is now open. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. On sale are tea, coffee and soft drinks, a selection of fresh and toasted sandwiches including egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and cress, roast chicken and toasted cheese; cheeseburgers, beef burgers and sausages and a licensed bar. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. Thank you.PartⅡ9:15/10:30 10:30/13:30Quick/beautiful view /frequent service (hourly)/modern/comfortable/lovely view from dining car Have to get Gatwick airport/ expensive quite crowded/quite expensiveA-Annabel C-Charles D-DouglasD: Ah! That’s much better!C: Ah! That’s yours, I think…er…Doug.。
listen to this:高级英语听力 lesson
listen to this:高级英语听力 lesson Lesson NineSection One: News in BriefTapescript1. There was an assassination attempt against Indian Prime MinisterRajiv Gandhi today. A man fired several shots at Gandhi and otherIndian leaders participating in an open-air praver meeting. Gandhiwas not injured. Six people received minor wounds when thegunman burst from the brushes where he had apparently hidden pri-or to the cerem4Dny.to avoid security checks. He surrendered whenguards surrounded.him. Those in charge of Gandhi's security havebeen suspended, and an investigation is under way.2. Jess Moore, NASA's top official in charge of the shuttle programwhen Challenger exploded, announced today he's leaving his newpost as Director of the Johnson Space Center. Moore will take aleave of absence and then be reassigned to NASA headquarters inWashington. NPR's Daniel Zwerdling reports. 'Theobvious ques-tion, of course, is this: Is Jess Moore leaving his job and taking ayear off work because of the Challenger accident? Moore came un-der quite a bit of pressure before a congressional committee earlythis summer when his former assistant testified that hetold Moore indetail almost a year ago that there were seriousproble'ms with the,shuttle rocket's 0-rings, the same 0-rings thateventually causedthe Challenger accident. That testimony flatlycontradicted whatMoore's been saying all along: that he did not know the0-ringproblems were serious until after the Challenger exploded. Congres-sional sources who've interviewed Moore told me that they have noway of knowing just who's telling the truth, Moore, or Moore's for-mer assistant. But one top congressional aide who met with Moorerecently says the NASA veteran's been depressed since the Chal-lenger blew up. He says, 'Moore doesn't have the edge he used to.He's hollow inside, just like a lot of guys at NASA who worked onthe shuttle. ' 'Jess Moore,' the aide says, 'is not the man he was be-fore the accident, and he needs a rest.' I'm Daniel Zwerdling inWashington."Section Two: News in DetailTapescriptIndian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi survived an assassinationattempt in New Delhi today. The assailant fired a succession of shotsat Gandhi, who was attending a Hindu prayer service with his wifeand Indian President Zail Singh. Official sources have called the in-cident a major security lapse. Witnesses say Gandhi told securityguards two times he had heard gun shots; the security forcesreportedly dismissed the noise as motorcycle backfire.It was overhalf an hour later that police finally surrounded and captured thegunman. Six people were injured during the arrest. The BBC'sHumphrey Hoxley reports.'An official statement from the Home Ministry said that thosepolice officials who were directly responsible for the security ar-rangements for Mr. Gandhi have been suspended from duty. Seniorofficials in the Ministry say that a top-level investigation is underway to determine why the security around the Prime Minister, who'smeant to be one of the most closely protected government leaders inthe world, collapsed and how a gunman armed with an illegallymanufactured revolver broke through the security cordon undetect-ed to get within a few feet of the Prime Minister. Police say thegunman who's in his twenties may even have fired at Mr. Gandhiand his party as they were approaching the area to commemorate thebirthday of the independence leader Mohandas Gandhi, who is cre-mated there. The area was searched immediately; but security menfailed to spot the gunman, who was hiding on top of a concrete shel-ter hidden among thick green vines. The man opened fire again whenMr. Gandhi was leaving half an hour later. But when he was spotted,eyewitnesses say, he threw up his arms and shouted in Hindi, "I sur-render.' Police say he's not connected with any terrorist organiza-tion., nor is he part of the Sikh movement which murdered Mr.Gandhi's mother, Indira, two years ago. Humphrey Hoxley, BB4C,Delhi.@tion Three: Special ReportTapescriptIt is not just the weather with which farmers contend; there arehigher costs for growing food and lower prices when selling it. Andthese combined to make farming an increasingly difficult life, espec-ially for small family farms. In New York, a new organization called'Farm Hands' is trying to help struggling farms in the region bylinking city dwellers with farmers. As John Kailish reports, thescheme seems to benefit both.Last week, two actors, a housewife, a tour guide, a dog walkerand an unemployed social worker, all from the New York metropoli-tan area, spent a day working on Hall Gibson's fruit and vegetablefarm located in the Upstate New York town of Brewster. The con-tingent also included two four-year-olds. The group listenedattentively as Gibson gave the lengthy orientation talk complete withaerial photographs of his 125-acre farm. 'This area was called partof the New York milk shed. One of the big incentives to producingmilk in this area was the founding of the Borden plant.' After theorientation talk the group walked to a five-acre fieldthat was linedwith rows of tomatoes and turnips, eggplants and cabbage. Gibsongave some brief picking instructions to two women whowere goingto harvest cherry tomatoes. 'If they are split like this, throw them,away or eat them.' "OK.' The transplanted urbanites picked sixbushels of tomatoes and sixty pints of raspberries over the course ofseveral hours. The farmhands were perfect strangers when they leftManhattan, but out in the field in Putnam County, they had notrouble striking up conversations that included such heady topics asromance in television.Laura Moore, a housewife and part-time teacher fromBrooklyn, has made four trips to area farms with her daughterShe was picking yellow lowacid tomatoes as she explainedwhy she enjoys the Farm Hands program."It's therapeutic, mentally, physically, and it's exhilarating. Thisis my way of getting out, escaping the city life for a while. I love thecity. But in the fresh air, you get a feeling that you are really living."In addition to the one-day farm outings, Farm Hands alsoplaces individuals ( . farms for periods ranging from a week to sev-eral months. In exchange for their labor, participantsget a minimumwage, room and board, or produce to take back with themto thecity. In its first year of operation, Farm Hands has placed twentypeople on farms for a period of two months or longer. More thantwo hundred people have gone on the one-day workintensives orthe field trips that are often more play than work. Hall Gibson hashad four long term farm-hands this summer. At the moment, he'sbenefiting from the hard work of a twenty- eight-year-old NewYork City painter named Debby Fisher. Because Gibson's farm isorganic, weeds are a major problem. Farmer Gibson says that whenDebby Fisher clears weeds from the fields, she works like a demon.'She's been just driven to rescue crops and she's rescued a num-ber of crops. My bok choy crop - the best I've ever had - was res-cued by her. Debby is a gem.'The Farm Hands program was founded bytwenty-seven-year-old Wendy Dubid, an enthusiastic advocate oflinking farms and cities. In an interview at a farmers' market in NewYork city, Dubid said Farm Hands may mean cheap laborsforfarmers, but she maintains the program has a broader impact."It's not just the labor that helps those farmers; it's the appre-ciative consumers. They suddenly realize after an hour of pickingraspberries and scratching their own arms on the bramble, they un-derstand the farm reality and the value of food, and may becomevaluable consumers and customers for those farmers.'Dubid says there was only one Farm Hand placement thatdidnot work out this year, a fifteen-year-old footballplayer who an-tagonized his host family in Upstate New York. Farmhands arecurrently working in New York, Connecticut and New Jersey. Plansare already under way to expand the Farm Hands program toMaryland, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Vermont.。
高级英语视听说教程(戴劲 马薇娜主编)听力原文第一单元 Homework Burden原文翻译
第一单元作业负担一、贝蒂·安·鲍瑟:马萨诸塞州的牛顿市,在曲棍球上得分几乎和在教室得分一样重要。
波士顿郊区的社区拥有全国成绩最高的学校系统之一。
但在今年秋天的下午,父母邦妮·勒默很难专注于女儿索菲的游戏。
小女孩:我需要给出一个很长的结论,比如,陈述。
二、贝蒂·安·鲍泽:那是因为她被她12岁的女儿艾玛边缘化了家庭作业有问题。
三、你晚上花多少个小时做作业?你不会相信的。
艾玛:我3点回家,然后一直走到8点。
四、贝蒂·安·鲍泽:妈妈,你是什么感觉?邦妮·勒纳:太可怕了。
这真的很难,我想同时做六个人,基本上,让三个孩子都做着家庭作业。
五、贝蒂·安·鲍瑟:100多年来,家长和教育工作者一直在努力家庭作业,因为家庭作业被吹捧和谴责为提高学生表现的一种方式。
早在19世纪90年代,它就被认为对儿童的身体和社会需求有害。
在接下来的60年里,同样的论点经常出现。
然后是1957年和人造卫星号。
苏联的卫星发射让美国意识到了苏联技术的挑战,而家庭作业也被视为让美国学童更具竞争力的一种方式。
但在20世纪60年代,美国人还在想其他的事情——关于废除学校种族隔离的法庭斗争、对越南战争的抗议——以及家庭作业水平急剧下降,直到20世纪80年代,日本人在职场和课堂上的表现似乎优于美国人。
发言人:他们认为提高家庭作业的数量与此有关。
六、贝蒂·安·鲍泽:再一次,家庭作业反弹,成为美国孩子提高他们表现的一种方式。
如今,书包的大小,甚至是轮式的行李,表明家庭作业比以往任何时候都更时尚,因为全国各地的学区都在努力提高考试分数。
但再一次,一些家长,甚至一些教育工作者,都想知道孩子们是否在这个过程中遭受了痛苦。
在牛顿的威尔逊家,在一个典型的工作日晚上,现在是晚上7点,大家才能回家。
孩子们从学校、足球训练和曲棍球队都来了;父母贝丝和杰夫·威尔逊的工作是心理学家和麻醉师。
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Lesson 5The House began debate today on a three-year bill to combat trafficking and use of illegal drugs. The measure has the support of most representatives and House Speaker Thomas O'Neill says he expects it to pass by tomorrow. Among other things, the bill would increase penalties for violators, provide money to increase drug enforcement and coast guard personnel, and require drug producing countries to establish eradication programs as a condition of US support for development loans.A cultural exchange between the US and the Soviet Union may face an American boycott unless US News and World Report correspondent, Nicholas Daniloff, is freed from a Moscow jail. An American style town meeting is scheduled to take place in Latvia next week, but the two hundred seventy Americans due to take part say they won't go if Daniloff remains in jail. They add the decision is a personal one and is not being made by the Reagan Administration in retaliation for the Daniloff detention.Egyptian and Israeli negotiators have reached agreement on resolving the Taba border dispute, clearing the way for a summit between the two countries to begin tomorrow. Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres will meet in Alexandria. Details of the Taba agreement have not been made available.The United States House of Representatives is debating an omnibus drug bill and expects to pass the measure tomorrow. Though the bill has attracted strong bipartisan support, NPR's Cokey Roberts reports the debate on the issue points up the differences between political parties.When Congress returned from the Fourth of July recess, House Speaker Tip O'Neill said there was only one thing members were talking about in the cloak-room: drugs. The Democrats quickly pulled together chairmen from twelve different committees to draft a drug package. Then, stung by criticism that they were acting in a partisan fashion, the Democratic leaders invited the Republicans to join them in the newly declared war on drugs. So, when the bill came to the House floor today, the party leaders led off debate. Texas Democrat Jim Wright."It's time to declare an all-out war, to mobilize our forces, public and private, national and local, in a total coordinated assault upon this menace, which is draining our economy of some two hundred and thirty billion dollars this year, slowly rotting away the fabric of our society, seducing and killing our young. That it will take money is hardly debatable. We can't fight artillery with spitballs."The question of just how much money this measure will cost has not been answered to the satisfaction of all members. Democrats say it's one and half billion dollars over three years, with almost seven hundred thousand for next year. Republicans claim the price tag will run higher and are trying to emphasize other aspects of the drug battle, aspects which they think play better in Republican campaigns. Minority leader Robert Michel."The ultimate cure for the drug epidemic must come from within the heart of each individual faced with the temptation of taking drugs. It is ultimately a problem of character, of will power, of family and community, and concern, and personal pride."Among other items, the bill before the House increases penalties for most drug related crimes, sets the minimum jail term of twenty years for drug trafficking and manufacturing, authorizes money for the drug enforcement administration and prison construction, beefsup the ability of the coast guard and customs service to stop drugs coming into this country, and creates programs for drug education. The various sections of the measure give House members ample opportunity to speak on an issue where they want their voices heard. Maryland Democratic Barbara McCulsky was nominated for the Senate yesterday. Today, she spoke to the part of the bill which funds drug eradication programs in foreign countries."When we fought yellow fever, we didn't go at it one mosquito at a time. We went right to the swamp. That's what the Foreign Affairs section of this legislation will do. It will go to the swamps, or where cocaine is either grown, refined, or manufactured."Republican Henson Moore is running for the Senate in Louisiana. He spoke to the part of the drug bill which changes the trade laws for countries which deal in drugs."We're moving to stop something; it's absolutely idiotic. It needs to be stopped: this situation of where a country can sell legally to us on the one hand and illegally to us under the table, selling drugs in this country poisoning our young people and our population." Today in China, in Nanjing, balloons, firecrackers and lion dancers mark the dedication of the Johns Hopkins University—Nanjing University Center for Chinese and American Studies. For the first time since World War II, Chinese and American students will attend a graduate institution in China that is administered jointly by academic organizations that are worlds apart figuratively and literally. NPR's Susan Stanberg reports.Cross-cultural encounters can be extremely enriching; cross-cultural encounters can be utterly absurd."Let's see. That would be eighty-seven. So, ... ba-shi-qi-nian-qian, ... let's see, ... equal ... proposition equal, ..."Here's what that American was trying to say in Chinese."Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation ... a new nation conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal."Now you don't have to be dealing with classic American oratory to run into problems. In planning for the Center for Chinese and American Studies, there was much debate as to whether the new auditorium on the Nanjing campus should have a flat or sloped floor. If the floor were flat, the auditorium could be used for dances, for parties, but a sloped floor would be better for listening, for viewing films and slides."The argument finally won out that for practical reasons a flat floor would be best because it ... it really would make it a multi-purpose room. You wouldn't have to fix the furniture." Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University, the US end of this Sino-American joint venture in learning."So, a flat floor was built. Only the Chinese in building it finally ended up with a flat floor but at two different levels, one higher than the other. So, if you want to use it for dances, you either have to have very short women with very tall men or vice versa."Twenty-four Americans and thirty-six Chinese of mixed heights are the first students at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center. Nanjing used to be Nanking, by the way, back in the days when Beijing was Peking. The Americans will take classes in Chinese history, economics, trade, politics, all from Chinese faculty. The Chinese will study the US with American university professors. Johns Hopkins President Stephen Muller says this is advanced study work. Allthe Chinese students are proficient in English; all the Americans have master's degrees plus fluency in Chinese."The twenty-four Americans come from about eighteen colleges and universities. No one institution in this country produces that many people of this character; so that's a beginning. Nanjing is not the place; the Center is not the place to go, if you want a doctorate in Chinese history or Chinese language or Chinese literature or whatever. This is a pre-professional program."Which means the men and women who spend the year at the Nanjing Center will end up as diplomats or business people in one another's country."Our hope is that the Americans, to speak about those, who are going to be incidentally rooming with Chinese roommates, which is a very interesting thing the Chinese agree to, that the Americans will not only bring a year of living in China, a year of having studied with Chinese faculty and hearing the Chinese view of Chinese foreign policy in economics and so on, that they will also have the kind of friends among Chinese roughly their age who are going to be dealing with the United States. That will slowly, over the years, create a real network, if you will, if people who, because they've had this common experience, can deal with each other very easily and, you know, be kind of a rallying point—an old boy, old girl network, as it were."Hopkins President Muller admits that a simple exchange program—Chinese students coming to the US, and American students going to China—would involve far fewer headaches than running jointly an academic institution on foreign soil. Plus the success of the Hopkins-Nanjing Center depends on undependables, like continuing sweet Sino-American relations and being able to attract funding. And there's this wrinkle." "Some of the people who will study there, without any question, will probably come from or afterwards enter the intelligence community. That it's really desirable that people who do that have that kind of background. We're very honest about that, but it's so easy to denounce the whole thing as an espionage center, or something. You know, there's a lot of fragility in this thing."Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. The Hopkins-Nanjing University Center for Chinese and American Studies was dedicated today in China. I'm Susan Stanberg."How do you say good luck in Chinese?""Don't know. I don't know Chinese.""You'd better learn.""That's a phrase I should know. Yes."Lesson 6The Senate has voted to override President Reagan's veto of sanctions against South Africa by a decisive seventy-eight to twenty-one. As the House has already voted to override, the sanctions now become law. NPR's Linda Wertheimer reports. "American civil rights leaders, including Mrs. Caretta Scott King, watched the Senate debate from the Senate family gallery as members argued not so much about sanctions and the efficacy of sanctions, more about the choice between affirming the bill already passed by congress or supporting the President."American food aid to southern African countries could be cut off if South Africa carries outits threat to ban imports of US grain. Foreign Minister Pic Botha said if US sanctions were imposed, his government would stop imports and would not allow its transport service to carry US grain to neighboring countries.The White House today denied that it planted misleading stories in the American news media as part of a plan to topple Libyan leader Muammar Quddafi. The Washington Post reported this morning that stories were leaked this summer alleging Quddafi was resuming his support for terrorist activities, even though National Security Adviser John Poindexter knew otherwise. Today, White House spokesman Larry Speakes said Poindexter denied the administration had involved the media in an anti-Quddafi campaign but Speakes left open the possibility a disinformation campaign was conducted in other countries.The question in Washington today is this: Did the federal government try to scare Libya's Colonel Muammar Quddafi in August by way of a disinformation campaign in the American media? The Washington Post Bob Woodward reports today that there was an elaborate disinformation program set up by the White House to convince Quddafi that the United States was about to attack again, or that he might be ousted in a coup. The White House today denies that officials tried to mislead Quddafi by using the American media. NPR's Bill Busenburg has our first report on the controversy.The story starts on August 25th when the Wall Street Journal ran a front page story saying that Libya and the United States were once again on a collision course. Quoting multiple official sources, the paper said Quddafi was plotting new terrorist attacks and the Reagan Administration was preparing to teach him another lesson. The Journal reported that the Pentagon was completing plans for a new and wider bombing of Libya in case the President ordered it.That story caused a flurry of press attention. Officials in Washington and at the western White House in California were asked if it was true. "The story was authoritative," said the White House spokesman Larry Speakes. Based on that official confirmation, other news organizations, including the New York Times , the Washington Post , NPR and the major TV networks, all ran stories suggesting Libya should watch out. US naval maneuvers then taking place in the Mediterranean might be used as a cover for more attacks on Libya as in the past.Today's Washington Post , however, quotes from an August 14th secret White House plan, adopted eleven days before the Wall Street Journal story. It was outlined in a memo written by the President's National Security Advisor John Poindexter. That plan called for a strategy of real and illusory events, using a disinformation program to make Quddafi think the United States was about to move against him militarily. Here are some examples the Post cites, suggesting disinformation was used domestically: Number one, while some US officials told the press Quddafi was stepping up his terrorist plans, President Reagan was being told in a memo that Quddafi was temporarily quiescent, in other words, that he wasn't active. Number two, while some officials were telling the press of internal infighting in Libya to oust Quddafi, US officials really believed he was firmly in power and that CIA's efforts to oust him were not working. Number three, while officials were telling the press the Pentagon was planning new attacks, in fact nothing new was being done. Existing contingency plans were several months old, and the naval maneuvers were justmaneuvers. The Post says this policy of deception was approved at a National Security Planning Group meeting chaired by President Reagan and his top aides.Two new studies were published today on the links between television coverage of suicide and subsequent teenage suicide rates. The New England Journal of Medicine reports that both studies suggest that some teenagers might be more likely to take their own lives after seeing TV programs dealing with suicide. NPR's Lorie Garrett reports. The first suicide study, done by a team from the University of California in San Diego, examines television news coverage of suicides. David Philips and Lundy Carseson looked at forty-five suicide stories carried on network news-casts between 1973 and '79. The researchers then compared the incidence of teen suicides in those years to the dates of broadcast of these stories. David Philips says news coverage of suicides definitely prompted an increase in the number of teens in America who took their lives."The more TV programs that carry a story, the greater they increase in teen suicides just afterwards."The suicide increase among teens was compared by Philips to adult suicide trends. "The teen suicides go up by about 2.91 teen suicides per story. And adult suicides go up by, I think, around two adult suicides per story. The increase for teens, the percentage increase for teens is very, very much larger than the percentage increase for adults. It's about, I think, fourteen or fifteen times as big a response for teens percentagewise as it is for adults."The TV news coverage appears to have prompted a greater increase than is seen around other well-known periods of adolescent depression, such as holidays, personal birthdays, the start of school and winter. Philips could not find any specific types of stories that seem to trigger a greater response among depressed teens. Philips says it seems to simply be the word "suicide" and the knowledge that somebody actively executed the act that pushes buttons in depressed teenagers. Psychiatrists call this "imitative behavior." "What my study showed was that there seems to be imitation not only of relatively bland behavior like dress, dressing or hairstyles, but there seems to be imitation of really quite deviant behavior as well. The teenagers imitate apparently across the board, not just suicides, but everything else as well."In a separate study, Madeline Gould and David Shaeffer of Columbia University found that made-for-television movies about suicide also stimulated imitative behavior. Even though the movies were intended to portray the problem of teen suicide and offered, in some cases, suicide hot line numbers and advice on counselling, the team believes the four network movies prompted eighty teen suicides. One of the made-for-TV movies examined by the Columbia University team was a CBS production. George Schweitzer, a CBS's Vice President, is well aware of this research. He says, "It is terribly unfortunate that any teens took their lives after the broadcast, but if they had it to do over," says Schweitzer, "CBS would still run the movie.""Studies like these do not measure the most, what we think is the most important thing, which I don't think can be measured, and that is the hundreds and hundreds and probably thousands of teenagers who were positively moved by these kinds of broadcasts." Moved to call suicide hot lines, moved to seek counseling, and moved to discuss their depressions with family members. Schweitzer does not dispute today's studies: someteens may moved to suicide."But ignoring the issue for fear of that, I think, would be far more disastrous than addressing important social issues to help create awareness and again to have a positive effect."But researcher David Philips suggests the media could decrease the teen suicide problem by avoiding some suicide stories all together and changing the way the others are covered. For example, says Philips, "Don't make suicide seem heroic." He cites the story of a young Czechoslovakian dissident who set himself on fire. But the dissident action was taken to draw attention to government repression in Czechoslovakia. Should the news media really have ignored such a story? "I think it's a really difficult question. There are all these goods on all sides of the issue. And thank God, I don't have to be the one to disentangle that issue."One prominent expert in this field said the young people moved to take their lives, following a news story or movie, are particularly vulnerable, suicidal individuals. In the absence of television stories, some other events in their lives might well have triggered their actions. So while most psychiatrists agree there is an imitative component to teenage suicides, that tendency, they say, should not lead society to repress information. On the contrary, some say we are now facing a major epidemic of adolescent suicide in America. We must publicize and confront the problem. Last year some fifty-five hundred adolescents between fifteen and twenty-four years of age took their lives. At least ten times that tried. Some estimates are that 275 thousand teens attempted suicide last year. The rate of teenage suicide in America has tripled since 1955.Lesson 7Both House and Senate negotiators today approved sweeping immigration legislation that could grant amnesty to millions of illegal aliens who entered the country before 1982. The bill, as worked out in five hours of closed-door negotiations, would establish a system of fines against employers who hire illegal immigrants. It would also make those who came to the US illegally but have established roots in this country eligible for amnesty.The Supreme Court today agreed to decide if Illinois can require minors wanting abortions to notify their parents or obtain judicial consent. The justices will review the decision striking down a 1983 law, which required some girls to wait twenty-four hours after telling their parents they wanted an abortion.It was announced today that the winner of this year's Noble Peace Prize is Elie Wiesel. He has written twenty-five books on his experiences in a Nazi prison of war camp and on the Holocaust. And he's been a human rights activist for thirty years. NPR's Mike Shuster reports. "Wiesel was sleeping in his Manhattan apartment when he received the word at five o'clock this morning from the Nobel Committee in Oslo, Norway. Wiesel said he was flabbergasted at the news, and later at a press conference, he said he would dedicate his Prize to the survivors of the Holocaust and their children. "The honor is not mine alone. It belongs to all the survivors who have tried to do something with their pain, with their memory, with their silence, with their life." Wiesel, fifty-eight, is a native of Rumania. As a teenager, he and his family were sent to a Nazi death camp. He and two sisters survived; his mother, father, and younger sister did not. After the War, Wiesel went first to France, then to the United States. He is credited with the first use of the word 'Holocaust' todescribe the Nazi extermination of the Jews."A House-Senate Conference Committee has agreed to an immigration reform bill. The measure, which had died in the final days of the last two Congresses, now looks as though it will become law. NPR's Cokie Roberts reports.One of the chief advocates of the immigration bill, New York Democrat Charles Schumer, says that this year immigration became a white hat issue, that the forces fighting against the measures finally had a force on the opposite side of equal rate public opinion. The opponents of immigration reform have always been many: Hispanics in Congress and in the country have opposed the part of the bill most lawmakers consider key—punishment for employers who knowingly hire illegals. The measure, passed at a conference today, would provide civil penalties and criminal penalties for those who repeatedly hire illegal aliens. Hispanics worry the employer sanctions would cause discrimination against anyone with an accent or Spanish name, whether legal or not. The new bill includes strong anti-discrimination language for employers who do refuse to hire any Hispanics while still allowing someone to hire a citizen before an alien. To appease Hispanics and others, the immigration bill includes amnesty for aliens who have been in this country for five years. Many border state representatives fought against the legalization provisions, saying that millions of people could eventually become citizens and bring their relatives to this country. All those people could bankrupt the state's social services, said the representatives, but the idea of deporting all of those people seemed impractical as well as inhumane to most members of Congress. And aliens who came to this country before 1982 will be able to apply for legalization. The other major controversial area of the immigration bill is the farm worker program. Agricultural interests wanted to be able to bring workers into this country to harvest crops without being subjected to employer sanctions, but the trade unions opposed this section of the bill. Finally, a compromise was reached where up to three hundred and fifty thousand farm workers could come into this country, but their rights would be protected and they would also be able to apply for legalization if they met certain conditions. The elements of the final immigration package have been there all along, but this year, say the key lawmakers around this legislation, the Congress was ready to act on them. The combination of horror stories about people coming over the borders and editorials about congressional inability to act made members of Congress decide the time had come to enact immigration reform. But supporters of reform warn the end is not here yet. The conference report must still pass both houses of Congress, and a Senate filibuster is always a possibility. I'm Cokie Roberts at the Capitol. Many photography shops are quite busy this time of the year. People back from vacation are dropping off rolls of film and hoping for the best. But commentator Tom Baudet learned a long time ago he was better off not hoping.I've been told that I take lousy pictures. It's not that my shots aren't technically OK; it's just that my pictures seem to bring out the worst in people. I hope that's not a sign of something. I usually end up throwing half the pictures I take. It's not that they're deceiving. Not at all; they're just too honest. It's true what they say that a camera never lies, but you certainly can lie to a camera. We do it all the time; at least we exaggerate a little to a lens. The first thing you'll usually hear when you point a camera at someone is, "Wait, I'm not ready." Well, so you wait while they brush the crumbs off their chin, put out a cigarette, orthrow an arm around the person next to them like they've been standing that way all day. Well, you get your picture, but it's blown all out of proportion. Everybody's having a little more fun than they really were and liking each other more than they actually do. We're all guilty of this one time or another. You're with your sweetheart travelling somewhere. You've been walking and complaining about the price of the room, the blister on your heel and the rude waitress at the cafe. But then, you stop somebody on the street, hand them your camera, and put on your very best having-a-wonderful-time smile. Well, ten years later you'll look at that picture in a scrapbook and remember what a great trip it was, whether it was or not. For it's natural thing to do: plant little seeds of contentment in our lives in case we doubt we ever had any. Well, it's good practice to take an opportunity to mug up to a camera. There never seems to be a camera around for the real special times: that make-up embrace after a long and dangerous discussion, the look on your face as you hold the phone and hear you got that promotion, the quiet ride home from the hospital after learning those suspicious lumps were benign and something to watch but not worry about. Those are the memories that should be preserved, to be remembered and relied upon when harder times take hold. Those times when a photographer like me will catch you at a party with a loneliness on your face that you didn't think would show or bitterness tugging at your lips during a conversation you didn't intend to be overheard. Well, we all slip up like this sometimes, and sooner or later we get caught with our guards down. I think that's why I end up with pictures like that, I like it when people leave their guards down. We all know our best sides, and it's nice to keep that face forward whenever we can. But I don't mind having pictures of the other sides. Either way they all look just like people to me.Writer Tom Baudet. He lives in Homer, Alaska.Lesson 8Two years of sensitive negotiations paid off today as seventy former Cuban political prisoners arrived in the United States. All of the prisoners had served least ten years in Cuban jails, and some had been in prison since Fidel Castro came to power in 1959. The release was arranged in part by French underwater explorer, Jacques Cousteau, and a delegation of American Roman Catholic bishops.President Reagan today unveiled plans for nine hundred million dollar plan to reduce drug abuse in the United States. It includes half a billion dollars for stepping up drug enforcement along US borders, especially in the southwest. The plan also calls for mandatory drug testing for some federal workers. NPR's Brenda Wilson reports. "As part of his national crusade against drugs, President Reagan signed an executive order today requiring federal workers in sensitive positions to undergo drug tests. The order covers employees who have access to classified information, presidentially appointed officials, law enforcement officials, and any federal worker engaged in activities which affect public health and safety or national security. But heads of government agencies may order additional workers to take the test. Federal employees who are found to have continued to use illegal drugs after a second test will be automatically fired. The overall rug testing program is expected to cost fifty-six million dollars, but administration officials could not get even a ballpark figure of how many workers may be included in the mandatory program. I'm Brenda Wilson."。