托福听力笔记(娱乐场景)

合集下载

托福听力场景词汇(含解析)

托福听力场景词汇1.医院场景：场景特点：关于学生看病和医院相关的场景。

常见套路：（1）常见病症的词汇（2）常见治疗手段的词汇（3）治病的常见句型总结场景词汇：Diagnose, patient’s illness, painful, technological advance, blood and tissue sample血液组织样本, diagnostic techniques, detect diseases, variations in temperature, X rays, side effect, uncomfortable, endure pain, health care，Medical clinic and infirmary诊所医务室, nursing staff护理人员, get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs, pneumonia[njuː'məʊnɪə] 肺炎, stay in the infirmary, don’t feel well, rest more an d skip a few classes, get medical excuse, the clinic hour, emergency numberModern medical facility, health needs, dental clinic牙科诊所, maternity[mə'tɜːnɪtɪ] ward产房, operating room, special surgery外科手术, surgeons外科医生，Student Health Services, blood pressure, university nutritionists营养学家, processed foods加工食品, university hospital，Pain, discharge排放、流出, slight earache耳朵痛, take it easyPrevention, symptoms, cough, fever, running nose, head and bones ache, chill寒冷, flu, influenza[ɪnflʊ'enzə] 流行性感冒, overtired过度疲劳, stressed out筋疲力尽的, exposure to virus, sneeze[sniːz]喷嚏, airborne virus空气传播病毒,body’s resistance人体抵抗力, ward off the flu抵御流感, rest, eat well, drink a lot of water, immune[ɪ'mjuːn]system免疫系统, fight off illness对抗疾病, immunized[ai]免疫的, vaccine['væksiːn]疫苗, university health center2.校园生活场景：场景特点：关于学生租房子或者宿舍相关的话题场景。

(完整版)托福听力分类词汇完整版

新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓:university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hallcomputer lab 计算实验室，机房dining hall 食堂选课学科major 主修minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课：Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与杂semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）,openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业：assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey, questionnaireExperimentInterfere, influenceObservationAnalyze dataInterpret dataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatment groupNon-treatmentControl group校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter of reference/recommendation CompetitiveBenefit future careerField researchCollect data for papersWaiter, waitress，BabysitterWork at the libraryQualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CVfinancial aid经济援助Scholarship FellowshipTeaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Membership 成员资格Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动V olcano, volcanic 火山，火山的V olcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion)boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear（a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves）Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and AristotleTheme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomyconstellation星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen) Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage海市蜃楼prolific多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Façade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter)Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘PaleoanthropologyPrehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agencyCalcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria)细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed egg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流camouflage 保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill), recycle, reduce, reuse,dump回收:glass, paper, water,milk carton牛奶盒, tyre,aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleumlimited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者, natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏, have disastrous effect on…对。

托福听力对话场景高频词汇

PART 1托福听力对话场景高频词汇校园设施类：dormitory 口.宿舍auditorium=lecture hall n.会堂，礼堂computer lab 计算实验室, 机房dining hall=canteen=refectory食堂；cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building 主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building 教学楼enrollment 登记，注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼，仪式commencement ceremony毕业典礼convocation.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition, fee费用placement test开学测试excellent出色的average平均的,一般的below average低于平均水平的，差的校园人员类：university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院graduate/grad school研究生院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor辅导员advisor指导老师instructor讲师tutor个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生custodian管理人faculty教工，系receptionist前台接待员registrar课程注册员教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家学科类：学科major主修minor 副修science 理科,arts 文科,engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required> compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course 选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座discussion讨论会seminar高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop专题课程,讨论会级别Introductory入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite先修课程，必要前提上课：Attend class上课Miss class缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus教学大纲Required textbook要求的课本Attendance出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与semester/term 学期quarter 小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus教学大纲Professor's signa^U S e的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap 课程容量（可以招收的学生数），openings （可供注册的名额）Take 选（课）,drop 退（课）Late registration 晚注册作业类:assignment= homework = coursework = schoolwork 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper） thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期干刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表，问卷observation n. 观察interview v./n.采访，面试collect data收集数据broad （论文等）内容宽泛narrow down （论文等）缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time 期限outline n.大纲，提纲（roadmap）bibliography n 书目，参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n.抄袭revise v.修改rewrite v.重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试类:mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam开卷考试subjective test主观性测试objective test客观性测试pop quiz抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n 估价appraisal n.评价，估价make up for 补考，resit=retake 重考grade=mark =$3区分数perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全A be all A's and B's 全是A和B B plus B 力口A minus A 减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书reference letter/recommendation letter 推荐信，Certification 认证，qualification 资格， qualified 合格的Resume, CV financial aid 经济援助ScholarshipFellowship Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant助学金Loan贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based以优秀为基础Student union学生会Clubs俱乐部Membership成员资格Career service图书馆类:library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication出版物periodical期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography参考书目title index书目索引alphabetic index按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal在线期刊video tape录像带back issue过期杂志current issue近期杂志archive档案non-fiction非小说类文学作品science-fiction科幻小说copier复印机check out办理（借、还）手续renew续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk 借书台shelf 口.书架photocopy room 复印室return area 还书处students locker学生存储间reference section参考书部住宿类：宿舍：accommodation n.住处，膳宿residence hall 宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者，室友corridor n.走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借，租约landlord房东landlady 女房东rent 租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartment house key 房锁匙床上用品：pillow n.枕头bed linen n.床上用品sheet n.被单mattress n.床垫blanket 口.毯子towel 口.手巾，毛巾quilt n.棉被electric appliance（instrument; equipment）电器heater, furnace 力口热器,炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry洗衣店）utensil器皿;用具kitchen utensil炊具oven烤箱；烤炉range煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机（hot-water） heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator （freezer）冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD 机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养bookshelf书架bookcase书柜couch沙发chest柜子;橱;箱子dresser （bureau）梳妆台cabinet （电视机等）机箱;储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard （closet）碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings室内陈设personalpossessions/property/belongings 个人财产get insurance forpossessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter 煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n.泄漏lost key 丢钥匙break in闯入PART 2托福听力学术讲座高频词汇文学pose 散文diary 日记autobiography 传记editorial 社论narrative prose 叙述性descriptive prose 描写性essay 随笔poetry 诗歌ballad 民谣lullaby 催眠曲fiction 小说allegory寓言fairy tale童话legend传说proverb谚语model人物原型leading character 主人公main plot 主要情节prelude 序曲prologue 序言epilogue 尾声literary criticism 文学批评literary studies 文学研究schools of literature 文学流派comparative literature 比较文学realism 现实主义surrealism 超现实主义futurism 未来主义modernism现代主义aestheticism唯美主义音乐musical instrument 乐器orchestra （管弦）乐队shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓pound dru 击鼓 foot beat 跺脚note 音符score 乐谱movement 乐章fanatical 狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music 民间音乐pop music 流行音乐classical music 古典音乐Jazz 爵士乐symphony 交响乐rock and roll 摇滚乐band music / wind music 管乐string弦乐violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴harp竖琴horn号；喇叭clarinet 单簧管oboe双簧管keyboard instrument键盘乐器percussion震荡/打击乐器vocal music声乐concerto协奏曲sonata奏鸣曲serenade小夜曲solo独奏/独唱duet二重唱conducting 指挥podium 指挥台accompaniment 伴奏quality 音质volume 音量chord和弦harmony和声rest休止time节拍lullaby催眠曲prelude序曲epilogue 尾声建筑architecture建筑学architect建筑学家construct结构wing辐楼/侧楼design设计elevator 电梯skyscraper 摩天大楼design element 设计元素log structure 原木结构cabin 小木屋beam 梁prototype 原型building technique 建筑工艺new material 新材料metal-frame 金属结构repair person 修理工planetarium 天文馆aquarium 水族馆archives 档案馆office building 写字楼cathedral 大教堂mosque 清真寺the statue of liberty自由女神像the triumphal arch凯旋门sphinx狮身人面像pyramid金字塔castle城堡美术fine arts 美术oil painting 油画water color 水彩画tempera 蛋彩画sketch 速写/素描pastel 彩色蜡笔画poster 海报/招贴画charcoal drawing 木炭画mural painting / fresco 壁画engraving 版画lithograph 石板画landscape painting 风景画still life 静物画portrait肖像画caricature漫画pigment颜色，色素canvas油画布brush画笔drawing board 画板perspective 透视画法original 原作copy 临本reproduction / replica 复制品genuine 真的fake 假的gallery 美术馆autograph 真迹panorama 全景画calligraphy 书法paste 裱糊impressionistic style 印象派风格framing 装框sculpture雕塑sculptor雕塑家figurine小雕像bust半身雕塑像statue塑像animator 漫画家人类学artist艺术家choreographer舞蹈编排家critic批评家satirist讽刺作家inventor发明家biographer自传作家sculptor雕塑家feminist女权主义者humanitarian人道主义者imagist意象派诗人philanthropist慈善家proprietor业主mortal犯人precursor 先驱figurehead 名誉领袖disciple 学徒apprentice 学徒mechanic 机械工minimalist 简单抽象派艺术家avant-garde前卫派territory领域genre风格/体裁eccentric古怪的odd怪诞的/奇数的erratic奇怪的weird怪异的/不可思议的romantic浪漫的innocent天真的/无罪的lovelorn相思病苦的emotional情绪的/情感的sentimental 感伤的/多愁善感的cheerless无精打采的/无生命力的patriarchal 家长的/族长的rigid僵化的spare简朴的clumsy笨拙的zigzag曲折的contemporary 当代的acclaimed受欢迎的preeminent杰出的versatile （人）多才多艺的/ （物）多功能的household家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine真正的authentic逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic象征性的immortal不朽的/神nostalgia怀旧主义/思乡emotive感人的prodigious 巨大的classic 经典的posthumous心理学infant婴儿kid儿童teenager十三至十九岁的人young people年轻人adult 成年人old people/the aged/elderly people /senior citizens 老年人mature 成熟的majority多数人minority少数人conformity从众，一致individual个体，个人self-reliance 依靠自己,自立behaviour 行为，举止behaviorism 行为主义psychoanalysis.精神分析egocentric自我中心的;利己主义的mental心理的founder创始人Archimedes.阿基米德Plato柏拉图mental process思维过程thought 思想,想法cognition 认识cognitive capacity 认知能力motor 运动motivation动机;积极性;推动intention意图,目的intuitive直觉的hypotheses 假定，假说conscience道德心，良心virtuous善良的;有道德的curiosity好奇心patriarchal家长的/族长的internal内部的external外部的;表面的optimism乐观;乐观主义generous慷慨的，大方identity身份;同一性fame名声，名望spiritual心灵的soul灵魂;心灵physical身体的，物质的,物理的habit习惯muscle肌肉sign language手语，符号语音throat喉咙，嗓子larynx =voice box 喉头subjective 主观的objective 客观的positive/negative electrode正/负电极maze迷宫questionnaire问卷subject受实验对象obsession困扰deaf聋的blind 盲abnormal反常的distracted心烦意乱的amnesia健忘症，记忆缺失动物学zoology 动物学Darwinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择phylum 门class 纲order 目suborder 亚目family 科genus 属species 种invertebrate 无脊椎动物vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic life 水生动物reptile 爬行动物amphibian/amphibious animal两栖动物protozoa原生动物rodent啮齿动物ruminant 反刍动物parasitic animal寄生动物primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物（如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等）herbivore食草动物mammal哺乳动物homotherm 恒温动物cold-blooded animal冷血动物poikilotherm 变温动物scavenger食腐动物carnivorous 食肉的herbivorous 食草的omnivorous 杂食的bird 鸟类camouflage 伪装hibernate 冬眠；蛰伏regeneration 再生predatory / carnivore 食肉的predator 捕食者prey捕食hordes/swarms （昆虫等）群flock （牛、羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落population种群herd 兽群hygiene卫生sanitation公共卫生；卫生设施monogamous 一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous 一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的nomadic游牧的；流浪的trapper诱捕动物者niche小生态环境vestige退化器fertilizer使受精metabolism新陈代谢breed（名词）品种；（动词）繁殖multiply / reproduce繁殖spawn （鱼、虾、蛙等）孵anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物scales 鳞feathers 羽毛armor 甲spinal cord 脊椎digestive system 消化系统excretory system 排泄系统reproductive system 生殖系统circulatory system 循环系统respiratory system 呼吸系统hormonal system 内分泌系统digestive duct 消化管esophagus 食管stomach 胃small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠anus 肛门digestive gland 消化腺salivary gland 唾液腺liver 肝gallbladder 胆pancreas 胰squirrel 松鼠marten 貂bat 蝙蝠squeak （老鼠等）吱吱otter水獭antelope羚羊gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒hyena鬣狗moose 驼鹿beaver 海狸elk 麋鹿reindeer 驯鹿giraffe 长颈鹿rhinoceros 犀牛hippo 河马sloth树懒slothful懒惰的frog青蛙tadpole蝌蚪salamander蝾螈scorpion 蝎子turtle 龟lizard 蜥蜴chameleon 变色龙caymen / crocodile 鳄鱼centipede 蜈蚣robin知更鸟owl猫头鹰barnacle北极鹅penguin企鹅canary金丝雀chirp （鸟、虫的叫声）vulture 秃鹫crane 鹤stork 鹳ptarmigan 雷鸟migrate 迁移plumage 羽体camouflage伪装wing翅膀bill （鸟）嘴beak （鹰等的）嘴insect昆虫wasp 黄蜂hornet大黄蜂spider蜘蛛pest害虫worm虫/蠕虫cicada蝉mantis螳螂cockroach 蟑螂earthworm 蚯蚓antenna / tentacle 触须larva幼虫jellyfish 水母nettle fish海蜇coral珊瑚dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster龙虾crab螃蟹mussel贻贝；蚌类clam蛤蜊oyster牡蛎sponge海绵starfish海星squid 鱿鱼；乌贼burro / octopus章鱼sole鳎；鳎目鱼plaice鲽，红斑比目鱼植物学botany 植物学botanical / botanic 植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy 树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf 叶leaflet 小叶rosette（叶的）丛生stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk 叶柄shoot / sprout 嫩芽/抽枝flower 花bud花蕾petal花瓣peel / skin果皮shell （硬）果壳husk （干）果壳/ （玉米）苞叶trunk树干bark树皮branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow草地/牧场prairie大草原mosses苔藓shrub / bush灌木cluster 一簇（灌木）fern蕨类植物horsetails木贼类植物club mosses石松类植物herb草photosynthesis 光合作用chlorophyll 叶绿素symbiosis 共生symbiotic 共生的wither / shrivel / fade 凋谢blossom 花pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉petal 花瓣nectar 花蜜tissue 组织organ 器官system 系统seeds 种子everlasting 永久的crossbreed 杂交root pressure 根压bore 腔/肠cohesion-tension 凝聚压力column 花柱necrosis 坏死barren贫瘠的；不生育的futile无用的carbohydrate （starch）碳水化合物（淀粉）glucose 葡萄糖starch 淀粉fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命malnourished 营养不良的nutrition营养perennial多年一生的annual 一年一生的verdant绿油油的，嫩绿的，翠绿的evergreen常青树conifer tree针叶树larch 落叶松pine松树spruce云杉juniper刺柏；杜松sequoia红杉elm榆树walnut核桃树redwood红木树plum blossom 梅花orchid 兰花chrysanthemum 菊花water lily 荷花/莲花rhododendron杜鹃花rose玫瑰carnation康乃馨lily百合jasmine茉莉花helianthus / heliotrope / sunflower 向日葵camellia 茶花corn / maize / mealie 玉米pumpkin 南瓜tomato 番茄lettuce 莴苣cabbage 卷心菜wheat 小、麦rye 黑麦barley 大麦oats燕麦气象学meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家meteorological station 气象站forecast / predict 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层stratosphere 平流层mesosphere 中间层ionosphere 电离层exosphere 逸散层cold front 冷锋warm air mass热气团current（气）流moisture潮湿，水气spell某种天气持续一段时间vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp / moist / humid 潮湿humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿/ 水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost 霜fog / mist 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体sheet （水、冰、雪的）一层downpour / torrential rain 大雨tempest（storm） / torrential rain 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard / snowstorm 暴风雪avalanche / snow slide 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水thunder 雷breeze 微风sandstorm 沙暴monsoon 季风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado / twister / cyclone 龙卷风wind scale 风级tsunami / seismic sea wave 海啸tidal wave 潮汐；浪潮upper atmosphere 上层大气funnel 漏斗云disaster / calamity / catastrophe 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾convection 对流wind velocity 风速wind direction 风向long-range forecast 长期预报numerical weather prediction 数值天气预报nephanalysis 云层分析；卫星云图环境科学ecosystem生态系统balance of nature自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora植物群rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse 温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射ozone layer / ozonosphere 臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气控制water pollution 水污染noxious / toxic 有毒的fumes （有毒的）废气waste废物solid waste固体废物sewage / wastewater 污水sewage purification 污水净化swage disposal 污水处理decibel（噪音）分贝fossil fuel 矿物燃料process of photo synthesis 光合作用solar energy 太阳能nonrenewable 不可再生的energy conservation 保护能源resource 资源energy source 能源资源tidal energy 潮汐能fuel-efficient 节能型的rush hour 高峰期zero emission 零辐射wildness 野生/天然preservation 保护atmosphere 大气carbon 碳dioxide 二氧化物burning of coal and oil 煤油燃烧global warming 全球变暖greenhouse effect 温室效应rise in sea level 海平面上升long-term climatic change 长期的气候变化environmental recycling center 再循环利用中心litter/trash garbage 垃圾pollutant 污染物desertification 沙漠化deforest 滥伐森林drought 干旱water shortage 水源缺乏offshore spillage 近海岸溢出carbon dioxide release 二氧化碳排放industrial sewage 工业污水recycling 再循环purify 净化deteriorate 恶化acid rain 酸雨sewage disposal 污水处理environment protection 环境保护ozone layer 臭氧层waste disposal废物处理emission （汽车废气的）排放soot烟尘El Nino厄尔尼诺现象地质学crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer / stratum 地层stratigraphy 地层学fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift / crack / split 断裂disintegration / decomposition 分解erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩limeston 石灰岩granite 花岗岩marble 大理石lithosphere 岩石圈magma / molten lava岩浆quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble 碎石debris残骸platinum 白金/铂金silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞/水银sodium钠gem 宝石diamond 钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby 红宝石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch / age / period 冰川期glacial drift 冰渍moraines 冰碛iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山（sloping） shield volcano 盾状火山（平缓）（steep-sided） cone volcano 锥状火山（陡峭）eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口caldera （开口较大的）火山口depression洼地，凹陷处；盆地lava火山岩浆volcanic dust 火山尘volcanic ash 火山灰geyser 间歇喷泉hot spring 温泉earthquake / quake / tremor / seism 地震seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic intensity scale 震烈度seismic wave 地震波transverse wave 横波longitudinal wave 纵波epicenter 震中epicentral distance 震中距aftershock 余震cataclysm 灾变tsunami / tidal / force 海啸undersea landslide 海底山崩melt global warming全球逐渐变暖叫uifer 蓄水层swamp沼泽peat bog泥炭沼泽Great Canyon 大峡谷Nile River 尼罗河Colorado river科罗拉多河crumples zones 地质缓冲地带bedrock岩床bulge凸起物地理学hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线/ 经线parallel 平行圈latitude 纬线longitude经线/经度elevation海拔altitude高度/海拔horizon地平线equator赤道temperature latitudes 温带地区tropics 热带地区Arctic / the North Pole 北极Antarctic / Antarctica 南极the Antarctic Continent 南极洲the Antarctic Circle 南极圈the Arctic Circle 北极圈aurora 极光tropics of Cancer 北回归线tropics of Capricorn 南回归线international date line 国际日期变更线time difference 时差time zone 时区topography 地形/ 地形学plain 平原plateau / highland 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地oasis 绿洲enclave 飞地peak 山峰cordillera / ranges 山脉carven / cave 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean 地底下coastland 沿海地区coastline 海岸线watershed 分水岭upper reaches 上游lower reaches 下游tributary 支流deposit 沉积spring / fountain 泉水iceberg 冰山riverbed 河床gulf / bay 海湾waterfall 瀑布cascade小瀑布；喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent水的急流tropical rain forest热带雨林continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛archipelago 群岛delta 三角洲landlocked area 内陆inland waterway 内陆河subcontinent 次大陆cliff 山崖valley 山谷hillside / mountain slope 山坡continental shelf 大陆架canyon / gorge 峡谷channel / strait 海峡remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的/陆地的terrestrial heat / geothermal 地热terrestrial magnetism 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation 蒸发salinity 含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉积物tropical 热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的frost heaving冻胀现象tundra苔原，冻原fieldstone 卵石the Mediterranean Sea 地中海the primeval forest 原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚（半岛）（瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称为。

托福听力常见三种场景汇总1

托福听力常见三种场景汇总1托福听力三种场景内容汇总!为大家介绍下托福听力三种场景。

大家可以参考一下，在平时的备考过程中可以多积累这些场景词汇，相信对于以后的托福考试一定会有帮助。

第一、托福听力笔记(生活场景)1 找房-抱怨：dormitory①太小太脏②太吵③管的太严;apartment①东西老坏②室友难处neat,considerate.-找房难，不愿搬，抱怨多，怕涨价，减装修-房东landlord，租户tenant2 噪音-室内：调音turn down，隔音sound proof，没意识到-室外：airport, highway, traffic3 空气污染-室内：开窗，空气窒息stuffy,卡住了window is stuck-室外：没方法，抱怨多4 装修-少花钱afford，新床new couch-旧家具往哪放where do you want it to go?5 修理-什么坏了，找谁:管道工plumber, 水龙头/管子漏leaky faucet/pipe, 下水道堵塞clogged drain,灯泡bulb, 电线wiring, 电灯light , 电工electrician-修理贵，修不如买：以旧换新trade it in-修理工的总称：maintenance people, technician, repair person6 高速路highway-长塞车be tied up/ backed up in traffic, traffic jam, rush hour.-拐错弯：should have turned, miss the turn-从哪儿出get out , exit-违章：超速speeding, 闯红灯go through the red light, 违章停车illegal parking, 停车场lot，罚单ticket, 交通队traffic court7 迷路，问路- 中南central south，左上角upper left hand，右下角lower right hand，沿着走o down, walk along. Off to- 你去哪儿：where are you heading forleaving for8 外伤-易受伤-伤哪里:twist, strain, hurt, injure, shoulder, wrist, ankle, knee-能不能动-原因：搬东西或锻炼9 看病-病症:feel under the weather 身体不适,catch a cold, have ringing in the ears, running nose, sneeze 喷嚏。

托福听力场景

托福听力场景〔托福〕听力考试都是发生在特定场景下的，所以平常我们对这些场景要多做了解。

下面是我为大家整理的关于托福听力场景的相关资料，希望帮到大家。

托福听力场景-艺术类：艺术类场景的细分就比较复杂了。

首先，艺术类可以简单分为：艺术家及艺术形式，艺术史(art history)，艺术理论，艺术保护(art conservation)这四个话题。

其中，艺术形式涉及的内容就更多了，按目前TPO里的讲座来看，具体的艺术形式可以有：电影、歌剧、诗歌、散文、话剧、建筑、雕塑、绘画、音乐及乐器、舞蹈等。

这个话题主要是说艺术家及其风格特色;艺术史着重的是与艺术有关的人或事情的发展，历史价值;艺术理论比较抽象，我们可以这么理解，如果艺术家和艺术形式是在讲具体的画，画中的景，景用的颜色等，那么艺术理论就是在说，颜色要怎么调，景色要怎么选;艺术保护类的文章，顾名思义，不仅说具体的艺术品，还会讨论如何保护不会损坏，如何修复。

托福听力场景-生物类生物场景是听力当中最重要的场景之一，是每次考试必考的场景。

由于生物场景的背景内容对很多同学并不陌生，所以生物类话题的讲座难度变化也一直很平稳，也就是说，生物类场景讲座是很多同学比较容易听懂，题目比较容易做对的。

它的重要性还在于，生物场景与其他一些场景的关联性，即其他一些场景的学术内容中也会涉及生物，比如在讲环境保护的时候就以某个动物为例，分析了其习性，给环境带来的好处，以及环境变化对这个动物带来的影响;考古类的文章中，说到挖掘出来一个古生物的化石，对其外形特征和可能的习性做了一定的描述。

换言之，场景的关联性侧面加大了生物场景的出现几率。

而且，在每次考试的2篇对话当中，有一篇对话是有关学术内容的，据统计，有关于生物话题的学术对话是多的。

在新托福考试的其他三门中，阅读里生物类话题的文章也是占到阅读文章的近三分之一的，口语写作中的综合部分，也常常涉及生物类话题。

总之，难度的适中和出现的频繁使得生物类话题成为了听力乃至整个托福考试最重要的学术场景。

新托福听力场景词汇

CONVERSATION1. 课程相关事务场景♦D iscussion讨论, presentation 发言topic题目, lecture演讲slide滑过,幻灯片library图书馆, collection聚集,收藏品,check in 报到，记录check out借，结账离开librarian图书管理员♦R eport报道, office hour办公时间，师生互动时间, submit上交on disk在磁盘上hard copy纸质版, soft copy电子文件, print打印, computer lab电脑室♦P roject课题，理科生作业tons of大量, cover 包括，写过，报导re-write 重写, research data研究数据database数据库, input输入output输出, , complete完成♦T erm paper,期末论文grade成绩, complicated复杂的, terrible mistake严重的错误, edited version编辑过的版本, overtired过于劳累的, rushing against the clock争分夺秒, mark标记，成绩, draft草稿, print打印, final paper,期末论文maintaining average维持平均, application申请, drop放弃re-take再上一遍, extension延期, discuss讨论, check back查阅记录, re-reading重读, submission服从，提交（物），投降♦e xam schedule考试日程表, term术语,学期（mid-term期中考试）, date日期, book,预定department部门,系, invigilator监考人, sign up注册, sheet纸张,单bulletin board公告栏faculty lounge老师休息室, square广场, draft,草稿dean院系主任, review复习，评论, draw up起草, manually用手，手动的, consult商量，请教, register登记♦P hysiology 生理学, sophomore大二学生, junior student大三学生，senior student 大四学生，second year course大二课程, first year student一年级学生, transfer转学, begin my first lecture开始我的第一堂讲课, introduce介绍, approach接近,方法, laws of physics and chemistry物理和化学定理, process of life生命的过程, vital force生命力, philosophical approach哲学方法, scientific experimentation科学实验♦F inal exam期末考试, midterm期中考试, multiple choice question多选题, essay question问答题,论述题comprehensive exam综合题, subject科目, textbook教科书, class note课堂笔记the final will count for 50% of your grade期末成绩将占你总成绩的50%，research project研究科目, run into problems遭遇问题♦S chool bulletin board学校公告栏, required course 必修课，first year student一年级学生, third year student3年级学生, research paper研究论文, final format最终格式, hand in上交, assignment作业, final grade期末成绩♦different concept不同的观念, hand in上交, issue发出,发行,问题revision 修正，复习, proposed topics所推荐的题目make comment作出评论the most frequent problem很多频繁的问题, broad宽的, preliminary outline最初的纲要, schedule时间表, available可利用的, appointment约定, final outline 最终的大纲, no more than two pages long不超过2个页长，thesis statement 论文观点, precise statement明确的观点, conclusion结论♦W orkshop研讨会, intensive加强的, techniques and skills技术和技能, personal attention 个人的注意力, advantage优势♦C onsecutive summer接下来的夏季, community center社区中心, workshop 研讨会, beginning students初学生, advanced students高学生, last four weeks前四个星期, credit（学分,积分）is awarded给予学分, spring break 美国各大学的春季休息，春假♦D iscuss讨论, administer管理, attendance出席, optional class选修课2. 相关事务+专业讨论场景♦C ourse课程, summer session暑假课程, elective n.选修课程, bird course容易的课程, splendor光彩，显赫, lecture hall,演讲厅lab实验室, tough decision艰难的问题, pick选择,挖, choose选择, relaxed放松, advice劝告♦E nquiry询问, credit course学分课程, off-campus在校外, program课程, remote远程, access使用,进入, internet因特网, degree学位distance education远程教育, diploma毕业证书, requirement要求, format格式, printed materials打印材料, audio-tapes磁带, video视频, teleconferencing 电话对话的, deliver投递, cost花费, fixed date固定日期, history历史，历史学♦D rop降低,退（课）fail,不及格flunk不及格math 数学, rough粗糙的, test,试验med school医学院♦U se your advice使用你的建议, premed医学预科生, introductory course介绍课程, non-science major主修科学, be weak in在某一方面是弱项, do poorly in在某些方面较弱, meet at the same time遇见在同一时间, modern drama course现代戏剧课程♦S emester学期, enroll in登记, 注册graduate course研究生课程, qualified 有资格的, hard time keeping up有困难跟上, favorite interest喜欢的兴趣, challenging反对，挑战的，要求, easy grade 容易混学分的课程♦P ermission to register允许注册, take the prerequisite先决条件, the beginning course课程开始, catalog目录, instructor教员，指导书, previous experience以前的经验, formal training正式的培训, decision决定♦S ignature信号，签名, schedule card选课卡, advisor’s approval导师赞同, quite a heavy load相当沉重的负担, drop the course放弃课程, seminar讨论会♦S ign up for a noncredit course报名没有学分的课程, intermediate level中级的水平, regular meeting定期的会议♦T ransfer转学, bachelor’s degree学士学位, associate degree, selectives选择性的, letters of recommendation推荐信♦H ard course艰难的进程rehearsal练习，训练, extra time额外的时间, once a week一星期一次♦F light program飞行计划，license执照, excellent reputation极好的声望3. 迟到旷课场景♦f eel good感觉好, point out指出, chapter章，回textbook课本, divide分开, project课题, focus重点, due到期的show up显示出, transcribe抄写，email电子信函♦o versleep睡过头, talk about谈论关于♦l ecture series讲座系列, attend出席，照顾，致力于, admission允许,录取♦f ill me in something: to tell sb about recent events,esp because they havebeen away from a place♦e g. You’d better fill me in on what’s been happening.dentist牙科医生, emergency紧急情况，非常时刻, missed somebody’s lecture错过某人的演讲, note笔记，记录，注意, make sense能说的通sense of humor/achievement/responsibility幽默感/成就感/责任感4. 转学场景♦g rad school 研究生院，public university公立的大学, private university私人的大学, community college社区学院, reputation名声class size班级大小, personal attention个人注意力, individual attention特别, interact互相影响, group discussion讨论团体, tuition学费，讲授, expense消费，开支, cost 花费, afford提供, affordable负担的起, location位置, environment环境, large city大城市, small town小城镇, college town学院城镇, top student顶尖学生, application申请，应用, experience经历，经验, special特别的，专车，特刊5. 实验室场景♦L aboratory实验室, research procedure研究程序, lab assistant实验室助手, retrieve information恢复信息, track the course追踪进程, monitor班长，监控，监视器, track the progress跟踪进度♦L ab instructor实验室教员, lab experience实验室经验, setup计划，设置，机构, equipment设备, result结果，产生, grade成绩, lab notebook实验室手册, proper precautions预先措施, protective goggles护目镜, toxic effect of chemicals化学品有毒的影响, lab procedure实验室程序, heavy metal重金属♦W orkbook工作手册，练习本, material重要的，材料, experiment尝试, available可利用的，有效的6. 图书馆场景♦L ibrary图书馆, spread out伸展出去, focus焦点, jam拥挤，果酱, spot地点，认出，恰巧, crowd人群，拥挤, comfy舒服的，轻松的,comfirm证实，far away 遥远的♦f inish完成，结束, renew更新，重申,renew a book续借, library card图书馆卡, late最近的，晚的；晚, mixed up使混合, request请求, fine罚款, overdue 过期的, pay工资，付, process处理，过程, sign符号，签名, suspend推迟，使暂停, privilege优待borrowing privilege借书特权(延长借书的时间)♦L ibrarian图书管理员, facilities设备, reference room资料室, reference material参考资料, dictionary字典, bibliography参考书目, literature guide文学指南, telephone book电话本, periodical room期刊室, newspaper报纸, magazine杂志, academic journal学术期刊, current issue现期刊物, back issue过期发行物, card catalog卡片目录, listed by title通过标题列出, by author and by topic依据作家和题目, call number电话号码♦R eturn返回，报答, shelves架子,check out借, reserve book预定书籍, overnight use 只出借一夜（的书）♦s econdhand bookstore二手书的书店, inscription题词，刻印, front cover封面，机壳前盖, signature签名，信号, poetry book诗卷♦p aperback section平装部分, index索引搜索♦e xit gate大门出口reserve预订，储备, additional copy额外的副本, article 物品，文章7. 课堂内容讨论场景♦b ursary大学奖学金，财务办公室, department部门，系, financial aid财政的援助, monetary财政的, grant授予，同意, determine决定, committee委员会, donor捐赠者, apply for申请，请求, financially金融上, in need在需要, consider认为, out-of-town城外的, requirement要求, website网站, on-line 上线, official官方的，官员, document文件, in person亲自，外貌上♦S cholarship学问，奖学金, available可利用的，有效的, maintain维持, average平均的, mark标记, apply for申请，请求, applicant申请人, committee委员会, honor信用，荣誉, award奖品, candidate候选人, weight 重量, guarantee担保, grade point average (GPA)平均分数, percent百分比, website网站, address地址, rigorous严格的, extra-curricular课外, hardship 困苦, achievement成就，完成, letter of recommendation推荐信, fill满足，被充满, time consuming job耗时的工作, recommend推荐, eligibility合格，适任, enrollment入学，注册8. 论文场景♦O rganize组织, essay小论文topic题目, chosen选择，精选的, broad宽的, narrow it down沿着狭窄的, compare比较, focused专心的，聚焦, interested 感兴趣的, begin开始，首先, discussion讨论, opinion意见，主张, fact实际, support支持, check检查, statistics统计学, percentage百分率, include包括, words语言，字, rough draft草稿, break down打断, subtopic小标题, reference 引用，参考，证明, material题目，主题，一般规则♦R esearch paper研究论文, discuss讨论, theory理论，推测, work progress工作进度♦R eport报告, subject科目, catalog目录, published source已发布的资料, gather material收集材料♦I nformation信息, plagiarize抄袭, failing grade失败的成绩, gather收集, assimilate the information thoroughly彻底地吸收信息, paraphrase释义, capture the mian idea获得主意, quote directly直接地应用, finalize the research paper完成研究论文♦D raft草稿, clear up the problem澄清这一问题9. 实地考查场景♦L ist列表, supply供给, on site, kit装备，工具箱, notebook笔记本, axe斧, glove 手套, instrument工具, measure测量，程度，尺寸, clean使干净，打扫, cancel 取消, weather天气，露天的, clothes衣服, outside外部的，在…范围之外, food 食物, snack小吃, transportation运输, transport运输, dig挖♦T rip leader旅行领袖, participate参与，分享，分担, report报告, field trip野外旅行10. 体育运动场景♦S pring cycling season春天骑自行车的时节, regular hobby一般嗜好, physical fitness routine日常健身例行要做的事, bicyclist骑脚踏车的人, expert riders熟练的骑手♦E ndurance test忍耐力测验, recreational cyclists娱乐骑自行车的人, racers比赛者♦S ki patrol滑雪巡逻队, ski patroller滑雪巡逻员, safety安全♦P hysical education class 体育课, rock climbing攀登岩石, rope绳, belt地带, buckle扣住, safety equipment安全设备,游玩场景♦B reak休息，打破，突变, racket球拍, reserve a court预定一个球场♦R ock concert摇滚音乐会, vacation假期，搬出, weather天气，露天的，风化11. 打工场景♦S ummer break暑假, excellent opportunity极好的机会, practice练习, dilemma 困境, difficult decision困难的决定, plan计划, volunteer志愿者, NGO （nongovernmenal organization）民间组织, chance可能性，机会, share分享, interesting有趣的, spend花费, accept同意, program程序, interview面试, company公司, application申请, apply for申请, money钱, advice建议♦T ough艰苦的, stressed有压力的，紧张的, dread可怕的, cram for the exam 临时抱佛脚（为准备考试）part-time兼职, balance平衡, hit the book k书, energy活力, tired疲倦的, sconsolation安慰, get through到达，做完, fondness爱好♦A nnouncement通告, hire租金，工钱，出租, part-time assistant兼职助理, experience经历, daily每日的♦L aboratory assistant研究室助手, fill out an application填一张申请表, fit into my schedule（将某事）安排进我的时间表♦V ariety of job opportunities多样的工作机会, responsible for有责任的, volunteer志愿者, service服务，维修, postions are open空缺的职位, link of service维修环节, career training职业培训, demand physical endurance需要身体的忍耐力, receive no salary没有薪水收到, pay for living expense支付生活开销, housing and food allowance住房和伙食补助, additional information 额外的信息♦I nternship实习, career opportunities事业机会, working experience工作经历, short term experience简短的学期经验, permanent employment永久就业full-time专职的，全日制的, academic credit学分, supervise管理，指导，监督, hand out分发, career advisory service职业咨询服务, living expense生活开销♦R un奔跑，管理，经营, marathon马拉松赛跑, motivator动力, inspire鼓舞, positive积极的, sponsor保证人，赞助, tons of money许多钱,♦I ntroduce介绍, volunteer志愿者, salary薪水, ceremony典礼, alumni男校友12. 报到注册场景♦R egistration注册，登记，挂号, time时间, determine决定, first year student 一年级学生, mail邮件, designated date指定的日期, specific time特定的时间, admission letter 录取信（通知）, average平均, previous以前的, session会议，学期，开会, pay支付, credit card信用卡, bank银行，岸, teller讲述者，计票员, confirmation slip确认错误, in person亲自♦R egistration注册, date日期，约会, newly admitted student最近承认的学生, undergraduate大学生, junior晚辈，大三学生, sophomore大二年级生, returning student回归生, senior高级的，年长的, check检查, pay attention专心, time时间，定期的, register注册，记录，登记, designated time指定的时间, pay支付, fee小费, financial aid财政的援助, financial officer财政的公务员, sponsor保证人，赞助, authorization letter认可信, on-line上线13. 校园生活场景♦m eal ticket 饭票，student card 学生卡，cafeteria 自助餐厅，move迁居，移动, accent口音，pod豆荚, international group国际团体, major主要的，成年人，主修, lucky幸运的, excellent极好的, booklet小册子, regulation规则，管理, rule规则，统治, conductive传导的, self-policed自身的治安, problem难题, allow允许, smoke烟, cook煮, plug插头, dryer烘干机, voltage电压, alarm警报, kitchen厨房, leftover残余物, clean-up day打扫日, hot water热水, meter 公尺, washroom洗手间, laundry facility洗熨设备, basement地下室, conserving energy保存能力, lounge area休息室, heat高温，压力, air-conditioning空气调节, storage area仓库, permit允许, hallway门厅, community space社区空间, prior notification优先的告示, safe安全的，保险箱, valuable有价值的, housekeeper管家, vacuum cleaner吸尘器, lock锁, key 钥匙, fire prevention equipment炉火预防设备, arrange安排, in advance预先，提前, religious propaganda宗教的宣传, dorm宿舍, furnishing：an article of furniture for the interior of a building, park公园，停放♦R oommate室友, dormitory宿舍，住宅的, unpacking our things取出用品, neat 优雅的，平滑的，齐整的♦H ousing office住宿办公室, living off campus在校外住宿, cost花费, rent租金，出租，租借, utilities实用工具, need a car to commute用一辆车的交换, noisy 响声，嘈杂的, peace and quiet安静♦W inter break寒假, dean院长，系主任, vacation arrangement假期准备, fill up the forms填满表格, heating cost暖气费，temporary accommodation暂时的住处♦H ousing director住宿主管, checkout procedure借出手续, leave for vacation 动身去度假, return your key归还你的钥匙, maintenance crew 物业, residence advisor宿舍舍监, pass around大约经过♦A partment公寓, dump倾倒，倒垃圾, functional功能的, noisy响声，嘈杂的14. 医院场景♦D iagnose诊断, patient’s illness患者的疾病, painful痛苦的, technological advance先行的技术, blood and tissue sample血液和组织样本, diagnostic techniques诊断的技术, detect diseases发现疾病, X rays X射线, side effect 副作用, uncomfortable不安的, endure pain忍耐疼痛♦M edical clinic and infirmary医院, nursing staff护理人员, get sick生病, a really bad cold重感冒, develop terrible coughs发生很糟糕的咳嗽, pneumonia肺炎, stay in the infirmary呆在医院, don’t feel well身体不好, rest more and skip a few classes休息和翘一些课, have medical excuse 请病假, emergency number紧急号码♦M odern medical facility近代的医学设施, health needs健康需要, dental clinic 牙医诊所, maternity ward产科病房, operating room（外科）手术室, special sugery特殊手术, surgeons外科医生♦S tudent Health Services学生健康检查部门, blood pressure（生理）血压, university nutritionists大学营养学家, processed foods加工食品, universityhospital大学医院♦P ain疼痛, discharge排放, slight earache轻微的耳痛, take it easy放轻松♦P revention阻止, symptoms症状, cough咳嗽, fever发热, chill寒心, flu流感, influenza流行性感冒, overtired累过头的, stressed out压得，累得喘不过气, virus病毒, sneeze打喷嚏，喷嚏, airborne virus靠空气传播的病毒, body’s resistance 身体抵抗力, ward off the flu避开流感, immune system免疫系统, fight off illness击退疾病, immunized免疫的，使免疫, vaccine疫苗，疫苗的, university health center大学健康中心。

新东方TOEFL复习笔记（第一部分：听力）4

6．噪⾳场景　96.12.12/97.8.北美.6规律：室内：调⼩⾳量(turn down)　宿舍隔⾳(sound proof)　意识到噪⾳没有(didn’t realize)室外：⽆能为⼒ 96、5、18噪⾳来源：交通，室友/邻居　（93.10.23）影响：睡觉睡不着，学习受⼲扰I can’t heat myself think.解决：rraffic：学⽣只能忍受，或者向学校反映，或者换地⽅学习　soundproof室友/邻居：ake him to turn down the musicdorm supervise / apartment manager 宿舍管理员7．修理场景fix repair思路：什么坏了，找谁修（修理⼯及故障的表达，96、1、北美、11），修理费贵，修不如买（96、12、28）结合housing场景的：厕所，电话，洗澡。

window is stack 窗户打不开the sink will be clogged⽔池堵了pipe will be clogged管道堵了wiring电线出问题shutters→loose 百叶窗松了8．打⼯场景四个步骤及关键词 96、5、6打⼯职责、感受（段落） 96、1、国内、C2/98、5、B2⾯视者招聘员⼯：⼯作经验，学历被⾯视者（学⽣）：时间、⼯资、经验三要素 96、5、12　hour salary　experience9． High-way场景常塞车（怎么办）　96、5、20 be tired up　traaffic gam　be backed up拐错弯 96、8、24 should have turned从哪出 get out of it考违章 98.5.23　ticket 罚单10．借钱还钱场景　98.10.22不愿借，不想还，为什么注意听语⽓，注意听第⼆句时间副词（soon　later　some other time）吃喝玩乐篇1．⾳乐会场景规律：永远好听 97、1、8/97、10、10喜欢古典⾳乐，不喜欢摇滚⾳乐提前买票，学⽣折扣作为好坏，是否调换去不是因为学习或考试（语⽓特征：不情愿）剧院座位：谈座位是否好坏，要不要换。

托福听力场景词汇（30个）

[导读]编辑整理了"30个托福听⼒场景词汇"，掌握这些常⽤词汇就可以知道听⼒材料的背景，对提⾼⼤家的托福听⼒成绩⾮常有帮助。

记住这些词句有助于你对对话内容和场景的判断，从⽽正确地答案。

即使你没有完全听懂对话，你也可能根据判断得出的对话场景正确地答题。

托福听⼒场景词汇（30个）1.东西丢了：lost the key，can't found the note2.剃头：hardly bald， hairstyle change for not covering the eyes， cut curl hair3.搭车：pick up the third one at the airline， give me a ride to the office4.穿⾐： a jean and T-shirt for interview is casual， clothes is wet before the concert5.花需要光： put the flower to the window， the bookcase will prevent the sunlight， need the fresh6.忘了： slip my mind， forgot to give the note to someone7.图书馆： spend the whole day in the library， make the photocopy at library， meet at the library， return the books to the library， library is a better place to study8.室友： looking for a roommate， roommate should apologize， roommate is too noisy，9.吃的：fish can't be eat， berry is a bush even for a bird， bread is over toasted， vegetables are over cooked， bread may be in the refrigerator，10.借东西： lend me calculus book(calculator)， borrow the money from check， borrow car for shopping11.天⽓：clean up for picnic， cold enough for skating， snowing too much to fly， so hot that we need an air conditioner，12.作业能否完成：wait till the last minute， chemistry test without time for reading， fill out the financial aid form without the priority， paper extended to the next week13.第三者： have done it for me14.排队： magazine to kill the time， read the magazine twice， go early for not queue15.得病看医⽣： need another doctor， it is open till 10 at the health center， take the pill the doctor assigned，16.没空帮忙： can't give you a ride due to the meeting tomorrow morning，17.锻炼减肥： lost weight， two blue clothes but one with the large size18.电影或⾳乐会： see the concert twice make sense again， sell ticket to you so that you come with me， lectured by some professor is worth watching，19.还书： return so as not to pay fine， help me return the books，20.重新考虑以前的决定： reconsider your decision，21.转让： movie ticket22.加⼊社团： garden club， find another committee member to replace，23.认不出来： beard， bother is different，24.住房： find an apartment under 500 dollars， find a larger apartment， live nearer to the campus25.放松： join a entertainment club for leisure， spend more time outdoors，26.约会： (appointment)， reschedule one of the appointment27.关门了(过期了)： museum closed， cafeteria closed，28.照相： film run out， film not processed， film not good29.同去： come /go with me30.太吵： too noisy， can't concentrate这30个托福听⼒场景词汇是⼤家听懂托福听⼒场景的⼀⼤助⼒，所以对此⼤家⼀定要加以重视，争取做到听到就能联想到相关知识的程度。

托福听力常用短语(1)

托福听力常用短语（1）have a ball 玩得非常开心have a big mouth 话多的人have a bite 咬一口have a bone to pick with sb 算帐have a good ear(eye) for 对...有鉴赏力Have a good time. 好好玩.Have a good time. 好好玩吧.have a head on one’s shoulders 有智慧have a heart 可怜我吧Have a nice trip. 一路顺风have a screw loose 精神有问题Have a seat. 请坐.have a surprise for sb 告诉某人一个好消息have a swelled head 自大Have fun. 玩得开心.have good taste 有眼光have had it 无法忍受have it both ways 权衡两方面have it out with 摊牌have no leg to stand on 无法证明have one’s hair set 做头发have one’s own way 随心所欲have some 吃一点吧have sth on sb 抓住某人的把柄have the face to do sth 居然有脸做某事have time off 休假have words with sb 口角Have you had enough? 你吃饱了吗?have(keep) the run of 自由使用haven’t the slightest idea 毫不知道having a sale 廉售He cleaned us out. 他拿走了我们的所有东西. head and shoulder above sb, be 比某人好head over heels 完全heavy date 重要的约会.help out 帮助解决问题help yourself 请自便her cup of tea 很配她,很合她的口味Here it is. 这就是,在这里His bark is worse than his bite. 刀子嘴,豆腐心his lettle broad 他的女朋友hit it hard 尽了最大努力hit it off 相处hit of the show 表演中最精采的一幕hit on(upon) 突然想到;巧遇hit the ball 顺利hit the ceiling(roof) 勃然大怒hit the high spots 达到高水准hit the sack 睡觉hold back 退缩hold good 有效hold in the balance 尚未决定hold it 且慢hold one’s horses 忍耐hold one’s tongue 保持沉默hold out 坚持到底hold the line 请勿收线hold up 举起;支撑;阻挡hold water 经得起考验的;合乎逻辑的hook up 接洽妥当Hop in. 上车.Hope it doesn’t cost much. 希望价格不贵. hors d’oeuvres 饭前点心hot air 毫无根据的谎言;大话How am I doing? 你看我做的怎么样?How are you making out? 进展怎样?how come 为什么How come? 为什么How did it come out? 结果如何?How did it go? 结果如何?How did you make out? 你进展如何?How did you swing it? 你怎么对付这件事?How do I look? 我好看吗?How does that sound? 如何?好吗?How goes the enemy? 几点了?How is that with you? 意下如何?how on earth 鬼知道;怎么会how the heck 怎么会How’s that? 怎么样?hung one on 大醉I bet you are right. 我同意你的说法.I can never thank you enough. 我不知道该怎样多谢你.I can’t afford to lose... 我丢不起...I can’t believe my eye. 我简直不敢相信你的眼睛.I don’t buy your story. 我不相信你的话.I don’t care. 我不在乎.I don’t have a slightest idea. 我一点也不知道.I don’t want to be in your shoes. 我不要象你那样.I feel the call of nature 内急;急于上厕所I get them mixed up. 我把它们搞乱了.I give you my word. 我向你保证.I have no idea. 我简直一无所知.I haven’t got the foggiest. 我一点也摸不着头脑.I know what I’m doing. 我知道该怎样做.I like the way you have. 照你原来的样子就好了.I lost you. 我不了解你的意思.I love her something fierce. 我爱她爱得要命.I may be psychic. 可能是第六感作用.I mean what I say. 我说的是实话.I must be in love. 我一定是在谈恋爱了.I was behind my paper correcting. 把改卷子的事耽误了.I was fooled by the terms. 我被这些名词搞糊涂了.I was starved to death. 我饿死了.I won’t take no for an answer. 你非答应不可.I would appreciate it. 我非常感谢.I’d enjoy the company. 我很高兴有个伴.I’ll be right over. 我马上就来.I’ll be right with you. 我马上就来.I’ll bet... 我敢打赌I’ll give it to you strait. 我坦白对你说吧.I’ll go a couple of rounds with you. 我和你过几招.I’ll have him call you. 我会叫他打电话给你.I’ll heed your words. 我会考虑你的话.I’ll say. 英雄所见略同I’ll see to it. 我会留意这件事的.I’ll see you home. 我送你回家吧.I’ll take a chance. 我要试试看.I’ll take a raincheck on that. 迟些再谈吧.I’ll tell you what. 我有一个主意.I’m afraid you got the wrong number. 恐怕你弄错了电话号码.I’m al l for it. 我全力支持.I’m beat. 我很累I’m completely in your hands. 由你作主.I’m full. 我吃饱了.I’m getting so big. (孕妇)我肚子越来越大了.I’m hanged... 我保证没有...I’m not broke. 我不是一个钱没有.I’m not myself today. 今天我不太舒服.I’m still in shock. 我还在兴奋.I’m stuffed. 我吃得好饱.I’m the suave type. 我是书生型的.I’ve got to run. 我该走了.I’ve thrown in my hat, can the body follow? 我可以进来吗? I-love-me fellow 自命不凡的人I.O.U 我欠你;借据(I owe you)if it’s all right with you 如果你觉得方便的话... immediate family 自己人in a jam 遇到困难;事情搞得一团糟in a jiffy 一会,马上in a lousy mood 心情很坏in a nutshell 总而言之in a whole skin 平安地in at one ear and out at the other 左耳入,右耳出in charge of 负责管理in due time 适时;终于in fashion 流行in for a treat, be 请欣赏...in good condition 情况良好in good shape 精神或身体状态好in hot water 遇到麻烦in line 排队in no time 随时;立即in one’s line 专长in short 简单地说in short order 迅速地in spite of oneself 不由自主in that get up 穿那样的服装in the dark 全然不知in the eyes of sb 在某人的观点中in the hole 遇到经济困难in the long run 从长远来看;终究in the offering 就在眼前in the pen 被困在监狱里in the pink 精神或身体状态好in the roar 轰笑着in the soap 遇到麻烦in turn 进而in(on) behalf of 代表ineligible for, be 不被录取的inferiority complex 自卑感information bureau 万事通innocent kid 清白无辜的人inside dope 内幕消息installment plan 分期付款intensive course 精读课程Is Frank in, please? Frank在家吗?Is my face red? 问心有愧Is that so? 是这样吗?Is this seat taken? 这座位有没有人?Isn’t it ever? 我同意你的说法.Isn’t it though? 我同意你的说法.Isn’t my word good enough? 我的话你也信不过吗? It cost me a small fortune. 花了一笔小钱.It isn’t cricket. 不公平;不合理It makes me sick. 我受不了.It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行it pays to do sth 值得做某事了.It’s been reserved. 这张桌子已经有人定了.It’s Greek to me. 对我犹如天书;我莫名其妙it’s high time 是...的时候了It’s nice you survived. 很高兴你还活着.It’s none of your business. 这不关你的事.It’s on me. 由我出钱it’s only to find out 只不过想打听一下Jack of all trades 似乎什么都懂的人jolly dog(guy) 乐天派jump on sb 向某人乱发脾气jump the battery 充电jumping the gun 迫不及待just a minute 等一等;就来了;且慢just as well 不如做某事也可Just as you say. 好吧,随你的便just follow suit 照办;跟进去just for the fun of it 只不过好奇罢了just the ticket, be 正是所需的just too bad 太可惜;真糟糕just what the doctor ordered 正合我的心意keep a running account of 把教授在课堂讲的内容都记下来keep a straight face 忍住不笑出来keep an eye on 留意keep an eye on sth 密切注意keep body and soul together 继续活下去keep company 陪伴keep in touch with 联系keep it to yourself 保密keep it under your hat 保密keep my fingers crossed 交叉手指,乞求某事成功keep one’s head 镇定keep one’s head above water 活下去keep one’s nose to the grand stone 孜孜工作keep one’s shirt on 不动手打架keep pace with 保持同步keep punching 继续努力keep sb at arm’s length 疏远;保持距离keep track (of) 登记;记录keep track of one’s attendance 留意某人的出勤keep track of time 记住时间kick downstairs 被撤职kick off 开始干某事kick sb upstairs 明升暗降kick the bucket 死了kidding around 老开玩笑kill time 消磨时间kill time 消磨时间kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟killing one 笑死某人;痛死某人knock it off 别再讲下去了Knock on wood. 说话禁忌,赶紧讨个吉利. knock one flat 把某人打倒在地knock oneself out 精疲力尽knock their eyes out 漂亮得使他们目瞪口呆know one’s onions 精通某事know one’s way around 熟悉道路know-it-all 似乎样样事都知道的人lady-killer 引诱女人的男子laid eyes on 见过last final 期末考试的最后一天last minute rush 最后一分钟的匆忙last word 最新成就laughing matter 无关紧要的事lay aside 储蓄learn a lesson 受到教训leave it a t that 暂时停止争论It sounds inviting. 听起来很吸引人.It was your fault. 那是你的错.It will be just the thing. 刚好合适.It would really come in handy. 它实在方便.It’s a piece of cake. 真是小菜一碟It’s about time you start thinking ahead 你该想想做些什么。

2013新托福考试听力笔记讲义(三)

2013新托福考试听力笔记讲义（三）概念篇（一）喜欢be a big fun of sth.be much of sth.care for sth.be in a mood for sth.be raving aboutbe wild/crazy/mad aboutthink much/highly of sth.can’t get enough of sth.couldn’t put i t down（二）厌倦、厌烦be bored withbe fed up withbe sick ofbe tired ofhave had enough （of） sth.have had it with sth.It’s more than I can bear.It’s too much for me.I can no longer put up with.（三）忙忙的时段：考试前、学期初、刚工作get conflict in one’s scheduleup to one’s neck/eyes/ears in workin the middle of doing sth.be overwhelmed/swamped with sth.be all tied upbe all /completely bookedcan not fit it inhave/get one’s hands fullhave another appointment/commitmentas busy as a beehecticcouldn’t get around to doing sth.couldn’t spare/squeeze time to do sth.Have you checked your schedule/academic calendar? have a heavy/tight schedule/work load/course load （四）忘forgetfulabsent-mindedabsent-minded professorslip one’s memoryslip one’s mindhave a short/poor/bad memory one’s memory like sievego in one ear and out the other be not good with sth.be terrible with sth.scatter brainbe over and done withend upin the end wrap upwind up（五）完成be done with sth.be through with sth.be finished with sth.to complete sth.to finish doing sth.be over with sth.。

托福听力笔记

托福听力笔记杨光授课李高尚整理听力↓↓听出来理解力语言识别能力语义识别能力需要建立有效的声音形象背单词标准：当听到一个单词以后能够在一秒钟之内通过大声脱口而出它的其中一个中文意思（同时在背单词的同时要注意所背单词的周边形式的声音形象）托福听力单词比重：1、CET4 40%2、TOFEL红宝书30%3、iBT词以类记（张红岩）30%（只背除数学外其他单词，并且只背按学科分类部分）新托福听力分为两大方面：校园生活，学术讨论卡带式精听法：一、1、选择一篇时间长度为2分钟的lecture2、不要看原文，听三遍，把握文章的main idea二、1、重新播放听力lecture的材料，采用“卡带”的办法将该lecture种的每一个单词全部听读或听打出来（反复播放的次数不需要过多，最多50遍即可）2、最好是每半句一听读或听打3、每半句对照一次原文三、准备一个专门的笔记本，用来每天记录静听成长日志，将听不出来和听错的内容总结在成长日志上例：听力难度：（从低到高）0、Longman iBT1、OG2、蓝Delta3、红Delta（lecture很棒）4、紫Barron（conversation很棒）5、讲义6、TPO音变现象：一、弱读1、大口音→小口音2、长→短3、h可以被击穿，一定不击穿：help, house, horse, hot, hehas, was, this, does, his, is →sand→endin→nan→n an apple→napplefour apples→fourapplessome of the nice→soma the nicea glass of water→a glassa wad’erare, or, her →ershall, should→shwhile→walyou well→yalcan→cn 弱读can→CAN 强读加重音二、美音特点1、卷舌看r，有卷无不卷2、偷懒3、得瑟英美音7个音变现象[ɑ:] →[ᴂ]e.g. can’t, fast, class, glass, last, after, ask, answer, Iraq, plaza 特例：（不变）father, Chicago, calm, palm短音[i] →弱读[ə]e.g. been, before, animal, believe, imagine, enough, economic [ᴧ] →弱读[ə]e.g. bus, front, love, but, under[ju] →[u]长短对应变换e.g. news, due, schedule, issue, duty[ᴐ] →[ɑ]e.g. often, box, hot, not, follow, obvious[ᴐ:] →写法[ᴐ]读法[ɑ]的延长版e.g. law, talk, small, ball, all, fall, basketballFlap T 弹舌音元音+t+元音↓d’~ty→~d’ye.g. better, matter, later, letter, flattercity, pretty, duty, fortynecessary, library, factory [əri]→[eri]button, curtain, mutton, gardent/d+元音+n→t/d+n三、连读1、前辅后元直接连2、元音连缀e.g. the[j]earth, buy[j]it, stay[j]up, medi[j]a, radi[j]o, go[w]ing, co[w]incidence, influ[w]ence, two[w]apples, three[j]apples两个元音连缀时，当前一个元音的尾音发[i]的音或者靠近[i]的音时，在两个元音之间加上[j] 当前一个元音的尾音发[u]或靠近[u]的音时，在两个元音之间加[w]3、叠合字母相同只读一次4、失爆picture[b],[p],[d],[t],[g],[k]e.g. sad storytt+l=dd+le.g. [t]+[j]=[tʃ] last year[d]+[j]=[dʒ] did you[s]+[j]=[ʃ]听力时间分配60min一共2个section30min(20min听10min回答17个问题) 1个section=1个conversation+2个lecture 1个conversation 5个问题1个lecture 6个问题加试加一个section（1个conversation+2个lecture）加试题固定，基本都有答案（在后面）每题<20s 单选每题<30s 多选，图表，排序听力覆水难收（相对阅读可逆）听力时看不到任何题和选项托福听力考试题型1、topic（主旨）<30%2、detail（细节）>70%——无纯推断题主旨题（只在第一题位置出现）分为两种，P型和C型P型：针对学生困难（problem），目的（purpose）提问→conversationC型：针对内容（content）提问→lectureP型题3种主流问法：1、What’s the student’s problem?2、What’s the purpose of the conversation?3、Why does the student go to see the professor/advisor（辅导员）?C型题3种主流问法：1、What’s the talk mainly about?2、What’s does the lecture mainly discuss?3、What does the speaker mainly say about XXX?细节题Reason 原因Function 语言功能或语言目的30% 以重听形式为多Attitude 态度Inference 推断5%Information 客观事实35%→多选，图表，排序形式Reason: Why ……？（不位于第一题）Function: (1) What does the man mean when he says this?(2) Why……? （选项ABCD，四个都带To）Attitude: (1) What/How does the man/woman probably feel when he says this?(2)What is the speaker’s opinion?Inference: 标志词: possibly, likely, infer, imply, possible, possibility, suggest Information: 不固定托福思维：1、新托福所有考察的一切话题均是积极向上、美好乐观、和谐的话题2、托福听力只考察两种能力：校园生活，学术讨论。

Tihmko托福听力相关TOEFL听力复习笔记

生命中，不断地有人离开或进入。

于是，看见的，看不见的；记住的，遗忘了。

生命中，不断地有得到和失落。

于是，看不见的，看见了；遗忘的，记住了。

然而，看不见的，是不是就等于不存在？记住的，是不是永远不会消失？TOEFL听力复习笔记TOEFL听力的主题：校园生活TOEFL听力不考的话题：politics religion campus violence(校园暴力) campus police(校园警察) human rights 等等unhappy的话题，TOEFL听力永远考美国光明的一面。

如何提高听力水平？1．语音问题a) 美语的发音英[α：] → 美[æ] glass [α：] →[æ]英[o] → 美[Λ] hot [o] → [Λ] (美语的这个音界于[o]和[α：]之间)美语r音的存在，只有在有字母r的时候才有个别单词的发音：diverse E [dai‟v :s]→ A [d …v :s],且有r的音hostile E['hostail]→ A['hΛs]b）连读，不爆破发音（失爆）连读：元辅音在一起，连读。

run out offit it in失爆：爆破音：[p] [t] [d] [g]两个爆破音在一起，前一个爆破音就要失爆。

Blackboard → blac(k)boardI wen(t) downtown yesterday.c）跟读磁带（跟读一盘TOEFL听力磁带）d）语音语调2．词汇问题：a）表达口语化：1）I‟ve got to lose weight.2）Have you got the time?/↑ G ot the time? (几点了？) 3）Got time? (有空吗？言下之意：我想请你吃饭) 4）Care to come? (=Would you like to come?)=Wanna come? (wanna=want to gonna=be going to)5）I got the feeling. (=I think.)6）I‟m under the imparession. (=I remember.)7）The book is fat. （这本书很厚）8）a must-(h)ave （必备的）a must-see （必看的）a must-eat （必吃的）a must-play （必玩的）9）I missed the beauty of…… (我曾错过的……最美好的) b）词意TOEFL化：student government 学生会student council / student association 学生会make up 补课/补考c）词义多样化反应顺序考试频率fix 修理，做饭(fix dinner)serve 上菜，服务（网球）发球order 订购，点菜，顺序（in order / out of order）paper 论文，报纸，身份证件，文件（papers），纸3．听力的思维：a) 对话场景化：听信号词/关键词→定位场景→话题b) 场景规律化hit the spot=out of this world 棒极了（形容…好吃）it was hardly worth the money (形容食物太贵太难吃)I was broke. 没钱了save for the rainy days 存钱以备不时之需open semame （哩语）…的开门砖，…的诀窍c) 思维学生化TOEFL听力选项原则（适用于PART A）1．迅速看选项，找出其中相同、相似、相关的东西，确定场景，预测内容。

托福听力十大必背段子听力过关备考必读

托福听力十大必背段子听力过关备考必读1. 000139 文科段子：艺术类音乐It may seem strange that we’re discussing music from a Bro adway production in this class, "The Lion King" especially, since it’s based on a popular Hollywood movie. I mean musi c preformed for Broadway theater in the heart of New York city surely would seem to be in the western tradition of p opular music and not have much in common with the music we have been studying in this course, such as gamelan music of Indonesia, or Zulu chants of South Africa, music that de veloped outside the western tradition of Europe and America. But in fact, musicians have a long-standing tradition of borrowing front one another’s cultures. And this production’s director intentionally included both western and non-western music. That way, some of the rhythms, instrument, an d harmonies typical of non-western music contrast with and complement popular music more familiar to audiences in North America and Europe, music l ike rock, jazz or Broadway style show tunes. So I want to spend the rest of this class and most of the next one o n the music from the show "The Lion King" as a way of su mmarizing some of the technical distinctions between typical western music and the non-western music that we’ve been studying. Now the African inf luence on the music is clear. The story takes place in Afr ica. So the director got a South African composer to write songs with a distinctly African sound. And the songs even include words from African languages. But we’ll get back to the African influence later. First let’s turn to the mu sic that was written for the shadow puppet scenes in "The Lion King", music based on the Indonesian music used in the shadow puppet theater of that region2. 000143 理科段子：天文学In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc. Well over 2,000 years ago; the ancient Greek philoso phers were able to put forward two good arguments proving t hat it was not. Direct observations of heavenly bodies were the basis of both these arguments. First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon the earth was between th e sun and the moon, and they saw that during these eclipses, the earth’s shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only if the earth was sph erical, It the earth was a flat disc, then its shadow duri ng eclipses would not be a prefect circle; it would be str etched out into a long ellipse. The second argument was bas ed on what the Greeks saw during their travels. They notice d that the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower in the s ky when they traveled south, in the more northerly regions, the North Star appeared to them to be much higher in the sky. By the way, it was also from this difference in the apparent position of the North Star that the Greeks first calculated the approximate distance around the circumference of the earth, a figure recorded in ancient documents says 400.000 stadium, that’s the plural of the world stadium. Today, it’s not known exactly what length one stadium repre sents, but let’s say it was about 200 meters, the length of many athletic stadiums. This would make the Greek’s esti mate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good est imate for those writing so long before even the first teles cope was invented.3. 991044 文科段子：文学名著Continuing our survey of the 19th century, let’s take a lo ok now at Harriet Beecher Stowe. Now Stowe is best known f or her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a book that details the h arshness of plantation life in the south. The book was extr emely popular in the United States as well as in other cou ntries. Ironically though, for all the attention given to Un cle Tom’s Cabin, it’s far from Stowe’s best work. She di d write one other novel about life in the south, but much of her best work has nothing with the south at all. In fact, Sto we’s best writing is about village life in the Ne w England’s states in the 19th century. In recording to th e customs of the villages she wrote about, Stowe claimed th at her purpose was to reflect the images as realistically a s possible. She usually succeeded, for her settings were oft en described accurately and in detail. In this sense, she w as an important forerunner to the realistic movement that be came popular later in the 19th century. She was one of the first writers to use local dialect for her characters when they spoke. And she did this for 30 years before Mark Tw ain popularized the use of local dialect. It makes sense th at Stowe would write about New England life, since she wasborn in Connecticut. As a young woman there, she worked a s a teacher. The teaching job helped lead to her first pub lished work, a geography book for children. Later when she was married, her writing helped her support her family finan cially. Throughout her life, she wrote poems, travel books, biographical sketches and children’s books, as well as novel s for adults.4. 991040 生活段子：噪音影响I’m grad to see so many of you here. We’ve become really alarmed over the health center by the number of students we are seeing, who are experiencing hearing loss. First, I want to go over some basic about hearing. Then we can take a look at our school environment and see if we can figur e out some ways to protect hearing. The leading cause of p reventable hearing loss is excessive noise. Too much moderate noise for a long time or some types of intense noise for even a short time can damage hearing. Loudness is measured in units called decibels. One decibel is the lowest sound that the average person can here. Sounds up to 80 decibel s generally aren’t harmful. That’s noise like traffic on a busy street. But anything louder than 80 decibels, especial ly with continuous exposure, may eventually hurt your hearing . Once you are up to around 140 decibels, that’s like a jet plane taking off, then you might even feel pain in you r ears. And pains are sure sign that your hearing’s at ri sk. Even one exposure to a really loud noise at close rang e can cause hearing loss. So what you need to do is limit your exposure to harmful levels. If you pass along this h andout, we can take a look at the decibel level of some c ommon campus sounds. Notice how loud those horns are that p eople take to football games. They are really dangerous if blown right behind you. Now, let’s try to generate a list of damaging noises5. 990839 文科段子：电影艺术To get us started this semester I am going to spend the f irst two classes giving you background lectures about some b asic cinematic concepts. Once you are a little more familiar with basic film terminology, we will be ready to look at the history of movies in the United States. You’l l be ex pected to attend showing of films on Tuesday evenings at 7 o’clock in Jennings Auditorium. That’s our lab. Then duri ng our Wednesday seminar, we’ll discuss in depth the moviewe saw the night before. We are not covering silent films in this course. We will begin with the first talking moti on picture, The Jazz Singer, released in 1927. The next wee k, we’ll be looking at The Gold Diggers of 1933, a piece that is very representative of the escapist trend in films released during the depression. Some of the films we will be watching will probably be new to you, like Frank Capra ’s Why We Fight. Others you might have already seen on TV like Rebel without A Cause starring James Deane, or Stanle y Cooper’s Doctor’s Strange Love. However, I hope you see even familiar film with new eye. In the last three weeks of the course, we will be watching films from the 1980s and you’ll choose one of them as a subject for an extensi ve written critique. We’ll talk more about the requirements of the critique later in this semester.。

托福听力场景识别

完美护肤品的副作用（完美护肤品有依赖性吗）护肤品潜在的危害1、女性护肤品用不好的话会有很多坏处。

错误使用护肤品可能导致皮肤出现过敏、红肿、痒痛等不适反应。

这是因为每个人的皮肤类型和敏感度都不同，某些成分可能会引起过敏反应。

所以，选择适合自己皮肤类型的护肤品非常重要。

2、护肤品用多了会对身体造成的伤害有：影响免疫系统、生育障碍、头痛、气喘和哮喘。

人们常用的的粉底平均含有24种化学成分，会影响免疫系统，诱发癌症。

指甲油平均含有31种化学成分，可造成生育障碍。

3、使用抗过敏的护肤品可能会造成皮肤的依赖性。

因为这些产品能够快速缓解皮肤过敏症状，一旦停用可能会导致皮肤变得更加敏感，甚至对其他刺激更为容易产生过敏反应。

所以，长期依赖于抗过敏的护肤品可能会使皮肤变得越来越脆弱。

4、长期使用含有酒精的护肤品会导致皮肤水分流失，使皮肤变得干燥，出现脱水现象。

酒精还会引起皮肤过敏反应，如红肿、瘙痒等不适症状。

除了对皮肤的直接危害，酒精还可能对身体产生一定的负面影响。

5、除了以上提到的问题外，长期使用美白祛斑护肤品还可能会使皮肤依赖性增加。

当你停用这些产品后，皮肤可能会变得更加暗淡和不均匀。

因此，我们应该在使用美白产品时要注意合理使用，避免过度依赖。

6、贫血与脱发：皮肤科专家告诫人们注意：除色素化妆制剂含有无机汞盐和氢醌等有毒的化学药品，长期使用对人体有潜在危害。

通常在一些肥皂和皮肤增白霜中的汞是氯化汞或碘化汞。

化妆品的坏处化妆的危害有哪些方面2 伤害皮肤每个化妆的人都知道廉价化妆品会伤害我们的皮肤。

但若每日化妆，即使是最昂贵的化妆品也会对我们的皮肤带来危害。

会出现化妆品皮炎：化妆品皮炎是指使用化妆品美容或油彩上妆时，引起面部或其他着妆部位皮肤的炎症性皮肤病。

以面部和着妆部位皮肤红斑、水肿、水疱、丘疹、渗出、结痂、瘙痒、色素沉着等为临床特征。

女性护肤品用不好的话会有很多坏处。

错误使用护肤品可能导致皮肤出现过敏、红肿、痒痛等不适反应。

托福听力中的常见场景分类汇总

托福听力中的常见场景分类汇总今日我给大家带来了托福听力中的常见场景分类，盼望能够关心到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。

托福听力中的常见场景分类一、生活类：开头同学见面难免寒暄一番，之后A就会说B看起来很憔悴，气色不好之类的。

接下来B就会说出自己的问题(考点)，然后两人开头就问题争论，A会提出一个或若干个建议(考点)，B会从中选择一个并感谢A的建议(考点，比如问B下一步会去干什么)。

1.食堂场景：饭菜好不好吃，饭卡套餐之类的(十有89跟钱有关系)2.宿舍场景：宿舍的支配，校外租房，房间的问题(门锁坏了，洗衣机坏了，暖气坏了……)室友的问题(肯定是有冲突)。

3.图书馆场景：借书找不到，还书过期，每天泡图书馆(考试预备中，论文预备中……)。

4.假期场景：争论假期去哪里放松，假期回来争论玩得很快乐。

老师办公室类：家里面有事要请假，时间很紧想延期交作业，论文之类的，选这个老师的课，争论考试或者论文。

5.助教场景：关心学习，建议选课。

二、学校机构场景：1.注册部：(1)开学注册程序问题(2)选课选不上(3)关于缴费使用现金还是银行卡2.修理部：就是上述的东西坏了要求修理，约时间去修。

3.勤工俭学部：要求找份工作(主要是工作时间的问题，不能和上课冲突)三、讲课场景：1.老师刚上课(以开头的方式划分)：(1)我信任你们已经完成了阅读任务，今日我们要讲这部分内容或者我们要补充讲一些背景学问。

(2)我们来回顾一下上次讲的内容，然后接着上次的内容讲或者讲新的内容。

(3)直接说我们今日讲什么内容。

然后开头讲。

(4)今日是复习课，然后讲某某考试，复习跟考试有关的内容。

2.快下课了说只剩几分钟了，我们来回顾一下讲过的内容，接下来就开头支配事情了，也许有以下几种事情：(1)考试(2)老师下节课有事，会有别的老师代课或者别的什么支配(3)作业(4)下节课的内容3.有人被邀请做演讲开头先感谢谁谁谁请他来演讲，接下来就是演讲的内容，多数会使用到幻灯片这个家伙。

银川海派英语【托福听力】娱乐话题常见词汇解析

银川海派英语【托福听力】娱乐话题常见词汇解析托福听力中经常会出现一些娱乐话题，如体育、音乐等，这些话题中的词汇及短语、句型我们也需要掌握，才能更迅速、更准确的答题。

海派国际英语为大家整理"娱乐"话题词汇分类汇总，希望对大家有所帮助。

1.“娱乐话题”关键词汇、短语和常用句型体育词汇：basketball， badminton， court， field， figure skating花样滑冰; golf， hiking徒步旅行;ice skates溜冰鞋; running， roller skating 滑旱冰;rowing boat划艇; stadium 运动场;swimming，swing秋千; table tennis， track， volleyball， windsurfing帆板运动;etc.文艺词汇：ballet芭蕾舞; classical dancing古典舞; comedy 喜剧; dance hall舞厅; dancer， disco迪斯科舞厅;folk dance民间舞;light music 轻音乐; melody优美的旋律，曲调;orchestra管弦乐队;pop music流行音乐; singer歌手; staff， stave 五线谱; rhythm 节奏; score 总谱，乐谱; orchestra 乐队; conductor 乐队指挥; band 管乐队; solo 独奏，独唱; duet， duo 二重奏，二重唱; trio 三重奏，三重唱; quartet， quartette 四重奏，四重唱; quintet 五重奏，五重唱; choir， choral society 合奏，合唱; etc.乐器词汇：(1) stringed instruments弦乐器： fiddle， violin小提琴; viola中提琴; cello大提琴; bass低音乐器; guitar吉他，六弦琴; harp竖琴， etc. (2) wind instruments管乐器： mouth organ口琴; flute长笛; saxophone 萨克斯管; trumpet喇叭; oboe双簧管; clarinet竖笛，单簧管，黑管， etc.(3) keyboard instruments键盘乐器： piano钢琴; accordion手风琴; electronic keyboard电子琴;etc其它娱乐：acrobatics杂技;amusement park游乐园; bumper cars碰碰车;circus act马戏节目;fancy dress ball 化装舞会;假面舞会; fireworks焰火;floor show夜总会的节目表演;jukebox 自动点唱机; magic魔术; puppet show木偶剧;wire-walking走钢丝;etc.常用短语：an outing at the beach， climbing the mountain， dancing at a birthday party， going for a walk， going swimming， going to the movies /concerts， meeting new people， staying out all night， etc.常用句型：1. Do you want to try…2. I’d like to see the exhibition of m odern art / painting.3. I want to go shopping because …4. If it stops raining， we can play tennis / volleyball / badminton，…5. Let’s go dancing tonight.6. Let’s go windsurfing …7. Shall we go to the discotheque this weekend?8. Shall we have a picnic on the vacation?。

【托福听力】常见场景：出游度假

【托福听力】常见场景：出游度假点课台在这里给广大考生加油鼓劲啦！为了托福，大家都是蛮拼的啊，在这里，点课台将为大家介绍托福听力常见场景的讲解，本次要讲的是出游度假场景，当然先附上一段听力技巧供大家学习参考！要特别注重新闻报道的第一句话。

新闻报道的开头第一句话一般是对整个报道的一个概括，这个句子被称为新闻导语（the newslead）。

它告诉听众最关心最重要的事实，如事件（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who），原因（why）和方式（how），即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H构成的“新闻六大要素”。

新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就知道了新闻的主要内容。

当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素。

例如：BENWEDEMAN: The gates of Guantanamo were open to the media today.这一新闻导语包含了以下几个要素：When：TodayWho：GuantanamoWhat：Open to the media短短的一句话，10个单词就把这篇新闻报道的时间、主角和事件告诉了听众。

后面的报道都是围绕这这一事件展开的。

下面就给大家讲讲出游度假场景应该注意哪些吧~场景特点：和学生出游度假等有关。

可以设计度假旅游、周末休闲、郊游活动、电影音乐会等话题。

常见套路：1）出游的目的2）出游的具体计划3）出游的内容4）出游遇到的问题场景词汇：Breakracketreserve a court Rock concert vacation weather。