研究生学术综合英语课后翻译答案
复旦大学出版社。研究生综合英语①修订版(课后习题解答+课文翻译)
Unit One An Image or a MirageIII. VocabularyA.1. unassuming2. stemmed from3. infallible4. had taken to5. prospect6. flabby7. More often than not8.devious9. tipped the scales in her favor 10. rapportB.1. instinctual2.immediate3. deposit4. frail5. seedy6. magnetic7. extroverted8. book9. unwarranted 10. refinedC.1. D2.C3. B4. A5. A6. C7. C8.B9. D 10.BIV. Cloze1. which2. run3. concerned4. familiar5. evident6. even7.what8.Consequently 9 knowing 10.By11. one 12. how 13. Once 14. obtainable 15. yourself 16. mind 17. from 18. never 19. pays 20. considered V. TranslationA.从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。
他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。
这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。
就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。
我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。
再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。
然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。
研究生综合英语翻译及课后答案
Unit One---Coping with the ComplimentIII. VocabularyA.1. came up with2. The chances are3. fell flat4. bestowed upon5. downright6. put your mind7. appalled8. verdict9. poise 10. blurted outB.1. inarticulate2.insults3. inept4. glowingly5. execrable6. enhance7.invite8. sickly9. adroit 10. charmingC.1. A2.C3.C4.B5.A6.C7.D8.A9.C 10.AIV. Cloze1. hesitant 6. external 11. Given 16. achieved2. playing 7. lurking 12. for 17. equal3. contributes 8. whose 13. perspective 18. based4. or 9. because 14. drawback 19. enters5. confidence 10. withhold 15. competition 20. enhancingV. TranslationA.我想了片刻，觉得世界上讲西班牙语的人最善于辞令，也许可以从他们身上学到点什么。
你对他们中的一个人赞叹道，“这是我曾经见到过的最漂亮的房子”，他立刻回应道，“您大驾光临，更使蓬荜生辉。
”让你站在那儿，一脸尴尬。
要想回敬他们是没有用的——不管说什么，最后他们总会占上风的。
有一点很清楚：所有得体的社交最根本的就在于保持镇定。
Eliza. W. Farrar，写过一本美国最早的关于礼仪方面的书。
她在书中讲述了在新英格兰举行的一次高雅的宴会上主人切鹅的故事，阐述了保持镇定的重要性。
研究生学术综合英语补充课文的原文翻译和习题答案
研究生学术综合英语补充课文的原文翻译和习题答案Lesson One Spell of the Rising Moon I. READING COMPREHENSION A. Answer the following questions or complete the following statements. 1. D (But it is the drama of the moonrise that I come to see. For that restores in me a quiet and clarity that the city spends too freely.)2. D ( There have been broad, confident harvest moons in autumn; shy, misty moons in spring; lonely, white winter moons rising into the utter silence of an ink-black sky and smoke-smudged orange moons over the dry fields of summer. Each, like fine music, excited my heart and then calmed my soul.)3. C (To prehistoric hunters the moon overhead was as unerring as heartbeat. They knewthat every 29 days it became full-bellied and brilliant, then sickened and died, and then was reborn. They knew the waxing moon appeared larger and higher overhead after each succeeding sunset. They knew the waning moon rose later each night until it vanished in the sunrise.) 4. B (Still, it tugs at our minds. If we unexpectedly encounter the full moon, huge and yellow over the horizon, we are helpless but to stare back at its commanding presence.) 5. B (I learned about its gifts one July evening in the mountains. My car had mysteriously stalled, and I was stranded and alone.) 6. B (To watch the moon move inexorably higher is to find an unusual stillness within ourselves.)7. D (On that July night, I watched the moon for an hour or two, and then got back into the car, turned the key in the ignition and heard the engine start, just asmysteriously as it had stalled a few hours earlier.) 8. A (I return often to the rising moon. I am drawn especially when events crowd ease and clarity of vision into a small corner of my life.) 9. A (Of Beethoven’s \Lorenzo declaims in The Merchant of Venice, //How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon this bank! / Here will we sit and let the sounds of music/Creep in our ears.\I wonder if their verse and music, like the music of crickets, are in some way voices of the moon.) 10.A (The whole passage.) B．Global understanding and logical structures Complete the following notes with the information, from the text: 1. The author often climbs the hill near his home at night to watch the drama of the moonrise because it can restore in him a quiet and clarity that the city spends too freely. 1 2. To the author the different mood and color of the moonare: A. In autumn: broad, confident harvest B. In spring: shy, misty C. In winter: lonely, white D. In summer: smoke-smudged orange 3. A. To prehistoric hunters the moon overhead was as unerring as heartbeat. B. To contemporary people live indoors few can say what time the moon will rise tonight.C. But if we unexpectedly encounter the full moon, we are helpless but to stare back at its commanding presence. 4. The moon has gifts to bestow upon those who watch it: Example: One July evening in the mountains, the author’s car mysteriously stalled, and he was stranded and alone. He took the advantage to watch the moonrise for an hour or two. When he got back into the car, the engine started just as mysteriously as it had stalled a few hours earlier. 5. Later on the author often returns to the rising moon when events crowd ease an clarity ofvision into a small corner of my life. He listens to the sound of owls and crickets and thinks the beautiful music and poems about the moon. 6. At moonrise, people open the vents of feeling and exercise parts of our minds that reason locks away by day. II. VOCABULARY A. Choose the best word from the four choices to complete each of the following sentences. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D5. A6. B7. A8. C9. A 10. BB. Choose the best word or expression from the list given for each blank. Use each word or expression only once and make proper changes where necessary.1. swoop2. cricket3. smudged4. Stalled5. tugs at6. stay clear of7. slipped into8. crowded into9. loom up10. stranded III. CLOZE 1. just as 2. permanent 3. depend on 4. phase 5. shadow 6. Resembling 7. lunar 8. closer 9. illuminated10. waning IV. TRANSLATION Put the following parts into Chinese. V. ORAL PRACTICE AND DISCUSSION 1. How does the author describe the moonrise? Is it the same as you see it? The sun had set, and I was watching what seemed to be the bright-orange glow of a forest fire beyond a ridge to the east. Suddenly, the ridge itself seemed to burst into flame. Then, the rising moon, huge and red 2 and grotesquely misshapen by the dust and sweat of the summer atmosphere, loomed up out of the woods. Distorted thus by the hot breath of earth, the moon seemed ill-tempered and imperfect??But as the moon lifted off the ridge it gathered firmness and authority. Its complexion changed from red, to orange, to gold, to impassive yellow. It seemed to draw light out of the darkening earth, for as it rose, the hills and valleys below grew dimmer.By the time the moon stood clear of the horizon, full chested and round and the color of ivory, the valleys were deep shadows in the landscape?? The drama took an hour. Moonrise is slow and serried with subtleties。
学术综合英语课后答案1-8单元
U1Text A(1) Contrary to what they predicted,the disease broke out and killed thousands of people.与他们的预测相反，病情爆发并且夺去了数千人的生命。
(2) Without receiving her reply as scheduled he regarded it as implicit acceptance.没有如期收到她的回复，他认为她已经默认了。
(3) He repeated his assertion that he was not guilty in front of the jury in court.法庭之上，他在陪审团面前重申了他无罪的声明。
(4) Using the Internet,he was able to look up information on a terrible disease torturing his wife.他可以运用互联网查找一种折磨他妻子的可怕疾病的信息。
(5) The young man adapted well to the city life and his new environment.这个年轻人非常适应城市生活和新环境。
(6) There is not enough oxygen in the Moon’s atmosphere to sustain plant life.月球大气中没有足够的氧气来维持植物的生命。
7) What you prepare for your speech,be sure to cite unbiased qualified sources.当你在准备演讲时，一定要引用不偏不倚并且得到允许的信息源。
(8) In the course of children’s language acquisition,adults should pay attention to grammar. 在儿童学习语言的过程中，大人们应该注意语法。
研究生学术综合英语test阅读答案及翻译
研究生学术综合英语test阅读答案及翻译Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy 51. Which of the following is true about Olson?关于Olson，以下哪项是正确的He taught economics at the University of Maryland.他在马里兰大学教授经济学。
52. Which of the following represents Olson's point of view?以下哪项代表奥尔森的观点？Protecting individual property rights encourages wealth building.保护个人财产权可以促进财富的积累。
53. What does Olson think about mass production?奥尔森如何看待批量生产？It's property intensive.这是财产密集型54. What is the basis for the banking system?银行体系的基础是什么？A contract system that can be enforced.可以强制执行的合同系统。
55. According to Olson, what is the reason for the poor economies of Third World countries?奥尔森认为，第三世界国家经济欠佳的原因是什么？Lack of secure individual property rights.缺乏安全的个人财产权。
56. What is the other economists' opinion about the poor economies of the Third World?其他经济学家对第三世界的贫困经济有何看法？A free market is not let to determine the prices and quantities of goods.自由市场不允许确定商品的价格和数量。
研究生综合英语2(修订版)复旦大学出版社 曾道明 陆效用 课后答案与课文翻译
浙江工业大学Unit OneKey to ExercisesIII. VocabularyA.1. came up with 6. put your mind2. The chances are 7. appalled3. fell flat 8. verdict4. bestowed upon 9. poise5. downright 10. blurted outB1. inarticulate 6. enhance2. insults 7. invite3. inept 8. sickly4. glowingly9. adroit5. execrable 10. charmingC.1. A 6. C2. C 7. D3. C 8. A4. B 9. C5. A 10 AIV. Cloze1. hesitant 6. external 11. Given 16. achieved2. playing 7. lurking 12. for 17. equal3. contributes 8. whose 13. perspective 18. based1.or 9. because 14. drawback 19. enters2.confidence 10. withhold 15. competition 20. enhancingV. TranslationA．我想了片刻，觉得世界上讲西班牙语的人最善于辞令，也许可以从他们身上学到点什么。
你对他们中的一个人赞叹道，“这是我曾经见到过的最漂亮的房子”，他立刻回应道，“您大驾光临，更使蓬荜生辉。
”让你站在那儿，一脸尴尬。
要想回敬他们是没有用的——不管说什么，最后他们总会占上风的。
有一点很清楚：所有得体的社交最根本的就在于保持镇定。
Eliza. W. Farrar，写过一本美国最早的关于礼仪方面的书。
她在书中讲述了在新英格兰举行的一次高雅的宴会上主人切鹅的故事，阐述了保持镇定的重要性。
研究生英语综合教程上部分课后题答案及翻译资料
精品文档Unite 1P151.Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate/alleviate(减轻，降低) that risk.作为一个未来的员工,你的工作是帮助招聘经理降低风险。
2.You need help them identify(认定，认同) you as prospective/expected(预期的，未来的) “key player”.你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。
3.Kelly was outstanding and outshone/surpassed(优于,超过) every other player on the field.凯利非常出色，胜过了球场上所有其他球员。
4.Better still,develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates/originates(发动，创建) collaborations.更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人之间，培养一个良好的声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人。
5.He is a former scientist who transitioned/transferred(转变，改变) to industry many years agoand then on to a senior management position.他之前是一名科学家，许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级经理的职位。
6.The unions mobilized/organized(组织) thousands of workers in a protest(抗议，游行) againstthe cuts.协合会组织了一场数以千计的工人游行来抗议裁员。
研究生英语综合教程(上)课后部分翻译答案详解
研究生（英语）课后部分翻译答案1. “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。
这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。
这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。
“Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,”says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting ‘there’faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where ‘there’is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.”（第一章P29 第一段）2. 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。
很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。
研究生综合英语1(修订版)课后答案与课文翻
Unit One An Image or a MirageIII. VocabularyA.1. unassuming2. stemmed from3. infallible4. had taken to5. prospect6. flabby7. More often than not8.devious9. tipped the scales in her favor 10. rapportB.1. instinctual2.immediate3. deposit4. frail5. seedy6. magnetic7. extroverted8. book9. unwarranted 10. refinedC.1. D2.C3. B4. A5. A6. C7. C8.B9. D 10.BIV. Cloze=1. which2. run3. concerned4. familiar5. evident6. even7.what8.Consequently 9 knowing 10.By 11. one 12. how 13. Once 14. obtainable 15. yourself 16. mind 17. from 18. never 19. pays 20. considered V. TranslationA.从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。
他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。
这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。
就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。
我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。
再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。
然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。
研究生综合英语2(修订版)课后答案与课文翻译
隐私与媒体：神圣何在？奈特.亨特夫几年来，我一直在纽约社会研究新闻学院教实地采访课。
许多学生和几乎所有应邀专家都是新闻界人士。
我曾询问每一个专家是否为了采集一个新闻故事，会有什么不愿做的事情。
他们大多数的反应是好像以前想都没想过这个问题。
他们只是理所当然地认为一个勤奋的记者可能——事实上也必须——采取一切必要的手段挖掘新闻。
我问这些记者，遇到不合作的采访对象时是否会窃听他们的电话，是否会掩饰身份混进他们的公司乃至他们家里。
回答往往是肯定的，而且语气无比自豪。
毕竟，为了满足“人们的知情权”——这是我们记者职业的基本信条，为此，记者必须特别善于随机应变，大胆创新。
课后，其他一些记者向我透露他们曾设法搞到陪审团不向外公开的会议记录并将其发表。
这里，需要提请您注意的是当时被大陪审团调查的当事人尚未受到正式起诉。
假如当事人是无辜的呢？他告诉我，因为这个人受到过陪审团传讯，他就有新闻价值，而这才是至关重要的。
我的不同看法是，记者在危害隐私方面仅次于政府。
他们常常扮演便衣警察的角色，有时则像个正气凛然、咄咄逼人的检察官。
譬如，面对媒体的采访，公民有保持沉默的权利，但是“无可奉告”这句话总是毫无例外地被记者假定为“有罪”。
一旦做出这种假定，记者们就可以随心所欲对这位保持沉默的公民“穷追不舍”。
如果现在我为联邦调查局招募人员的话，我肯定会极力游说新闻记者去充当候选人。
最让我感到不安的是，几乎所有记者都认为在工作中采取这样的做法没有什么不对的。
他们首先显然忘记了《第一修正案》（正在日益遭到抨击），本来是用来保护新闻自由免受政府干涉的，它本不是用来特意对付那些被采集新闻的记者们追得东躲西藏的市民的。
可大部分记者一心只想着要获取新闻。
记者们应该慎重对待个人隐私权的说法被看作是一种危险，威胁了他们的特殊身份。
（他们的反应又像警察了。
）这并非是说隐私权永远不可侵犯。
若真是这样，我们就只能读到一些新闻发布会和购物的信息。
理查德·尼克松的白宫隐私受到侵犯是合法的，因为他们犯了罪。
研究生综合英语课文译文及课后练习答案(3)
研究生综合英语课文译文及课后练习答案第一课Text A 自由落体[1] 直到动身的那一天，我才感到告别和真正离家对我所产生的影响，这使我比闹钟预定的时间提前一小时醒来。
那时，我那金色的爱犬米西最后一次用力地舔了我一下表示问候。
以前她那么做时，我厌烦得要命，不过那天，我张开双臂把她搂在怀里，深情地慢慢抚摸着她。
此时，她那悲伤的眼神与我四目相对，她那绸缎般的皮毛摸上去比平常更加柔滑。
当然直到告别那天，我才注意到爱犬的这些特点，这令我更加难舍难离。
[2] 一整天都是这样：我突然感到自己将会怀念许多人和事。
我变得多愁善感起来，因为要与那些我早已习以为常的人说再见——那些常我工作的饭馆里的顾客，那些我好像从来都找不到时间和他们说话的人。
我不得不离开我所有的朋友，还有我总想“某天去认识”的同学。
最重要的是，我将被迫与生我养我的人分别。
[3] 突然间，我那些渴望独立和自由的豪言壮语变成了可怕的现实。
我曾经说过我了不起，就要上一所名校，现在我开始感到了这些大话的压力。
没什么了不起。
我曾经是那么急不可待地盼望这一天的到来，而现在，这一天终于到来了，我却感到自己好像并不想走了，我想那可能是因为我要到一所离家有6小时车程的大学去上学的缘故。
[4] 事实上，在我决定要离家的时候，我所有的个人问题仿佛都烟消云散了，我才不在乎呢，反正我要走了。
我要向每个人表明我想走————而且，上帝作证，我整装待发。
然而，这一天到来了，我不知道自己是否真正做好了出发的准备。
[5] 老爸和继母要送我去学校，不过，我要首先和妈妈告别。
谁都知道离婚不是件容易的事。
那天早上我和妈妈一起吃了饭，她当时立刻就谈起我过去的一些经历来，还谈到了她第一年离家上大学的一些事情，比如零乱的宿舍、腼腆的室友、一些艺术史课。
她说得那么详细，那么热情，以至于我清楚地感到大学生活会给人留下多么深刻的印象。
后来，我们又谈到了我到学校后可能会发生的事情————与我同住一层的家伙会是什么样，我多么希望教室不会在校园的另一侧，我是否会因为吃食堂的饭而发胖。
学术综合英语课后翻译D部分
学术综合英语课后翻译D部分集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）Unit 1.D. Translate the following into EnglishBefore you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your majorpoints clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, andyour language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.Unit 2.D. Translate the following into EnglishIt is difficult to quantify the total contribution of all these factors to the monetary costs of energy supply, in part because factors not related to the environment are often entwined with environmental ones. For example, construction delays have been caused not just by regulatory constraints but also by problemsof engineering, management and quality control. Nevertheless,in the US, environmental impacts have increased the monetary costs of supplying petroleum products by at least 25 percentduring the past 20 years, and the costs of generatingelectricity from coal and nuclear power by 40 percent or more. Unit 3.D. Translate the following into EnglishUsing a driving simulator, some US researchers studied of 40 people. Some of them drove while talking on a cell phone, others navigated while drunk, and others drove with no such distractions or impairments. The results showed that there were three accidents in which the drivers were talking on the cell phone—all of them involving a rear-ending. The research has found that those talking on the phone while driving more sluggish. In addition, talking on the cell phone can reduce reaction time by 9 percent in terms of braking and 19 percentin terms of picking up speed after braking.Unit 4.D．Translate the following into Chinese.. In her best-selling book You Just Don’t Understand, Deborah Tannen points out that, although American boys and girls often play together, they spend most their time playing in same-sex groups. She also points out that boys and girls do play some games together, but their favorite games are very often quite different, Tannen and other researchers on this topic havefound that young boys, say ages 8 through 12, tend to play outside the house rather than in the house, and they play in large groups that are hierarchically structured. A group of boys generally has a leader who tells other boys what to do and how to do it. It is by giving orders and making the other boys play by the rules that boys achieve higher or more dominant status in their play group.。
研究生学术综合英语补充课文的原文翻译和习题答案
Lesson OneSpell of the Rising MoonI. READING COMPREHENSIONA. Answer the following questions or complete the following statements.1. D <But it is the drama of the moonrise that I come to see. For thatrestores in me aquiet and clarity that the city spends too freely.> 2. D < There have been broad, confident harvest moons in autumn; shy,misty moons in spring; lonely, white winter moons rising into the utter silence of an ink-black skyand smoke-smudged orange moons over the dry fields of summer. Each, like fine music, excited my heart and then calmed my soul.>3. C <To prehistoric hunters the moon overhead was as unerring asheartbeat. Theyknew that every 29 days it became full-bellied and brilliant, then sickened and died,and then was reborn. They knew the waxing moon appeared larger and higher overhead after each succeeding sunset. They knew the waning moon rose later each nightuntil it vanished in the sunrise.>4. B <Still, it tugs at our minds. If we unexpectedly encounter thefull moon, huge andyellow over the horizon, we are helpless but to stare back at its commanding presence.>5. B <I learned about its gifts one July evening in the mountains.My car had mysteriously stalled, and I was stranded and alone.> 6. B <To watch the moon move inexorably higher is to find an unusualstillness withinourselves.>7. D <On that July night, I watched the moon for an hour or two, andthen got backinto the car, turned the key in the ignition and heard the engine start, just as mysteriously as it had stalled a few hours earlier.>8. A <I return often to the rising moon. I am drawn especially whenevents crowd easeand clarity of vision into a small corner of my life.>9. A <Of Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata" and of Shakespeare, whoseLorenzo declaims in The Merchant of Venice, //How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon thisbank! / Here will we sit and let the sounds of music/Creep in our ears." I wonder iftheir verse and music, like the music of crickets, are in some way voices of the moon.>10.A<The whole passage.>B．Global understanding and logical structuresComplete the following notes with the information, from the text:1. The author often climbs the hill near his home at night to watchthe drama of themoonrise because it can restore in him a quiet and clarity that the city spends toofreely.2. To the author the different mood and color of the moon are:A. In autumn: broad, confident harvestB. In spring: shy, mistyC. In winter: lonely, whiteD. In summer: smoke-smudged orange3. A. To prehistoric hunters the moon overhead was as unerring asheartbeat.B. To contemporary people live indoors few can say what time themoon willrise tonight.C. But if we unexpectedly encounter the full moon, we are helplessbut to stareback at its commanding presence.4. The moon has gifts to bestow upon those who watch it:Example: One July evening in the mountains, the author's car mysteriouslystalled, and he was stranded and alone.He took the advantage to watch the moonrise for an hour or two.When he got back into the car, the engine started just as mysteriously as it hadstalled a few hours earlier.5. Later on the author often returns to the rising moon when eventscrowd ease anclarity of vision into a small corner of my life.He listens to the sound of owls and cricketsand thinks the beautiful music and poems about the moon.6. At moonrise, people open the vents of feeling and exercise partsof our minds thatreason locks away by day.II. VOCABULARYA. Choose the best word from the four choices to complete each of the following sentences.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. A8. C9. A 10. BB. Choose the best word or expression from the list given for each blank. Use each wordor expression only once and make proper changes where necessary.1. swoop2. cricket3. smudged4. Stalled5. tugs at6. stay clear of7. slipped into8. crowded into9. loom up 10. stranded III. CLOZE1. just as2. permanent3. depend on4. phase5. shadow6. Resembling7. lunar8. closer9. illuminated 10. waningIV. TRANSLATIONPut the following parts into Chinese.V. ORAL PRACTICE AND DISCUSSION1. How does the author describe the moonrise? Is it the same as you see it?The sun had set, and I was watching what seemed to be the bright-orange glowof a forest fire beyond a ridge to the east. Suddenly, the ridge itself seemed to burstinto flame. Then, the rising moon, huge and red and grotesquely misshapen by thedust and sweat of the summer atmosphere,loomed up out of the woods.Distorted thus by the hot breath of earth, the moon seemed ill-tempered and imperfect……But as the moon lifted off the ridge it gathered firmness and authority. Its complexion changed from red, to orange, to gold, to impassive yellow. It seemed to drawlight out of the darkening earth, for as it rose, the hills and valleys below grew dimmer. By the time the moon stood clear of the horizon, full chested and round andthe color of ivory, the valleys were deep shadows in the landscape……The drama took an hour. Moonrise is slow and serried with subtleties.2. Moonrise is a natural phenomenon. The main part of this essay is the description ofit full of the author's emotions and thoughts associated with it. Pick out the author'smost beautiful descriptions with similes, metaphors and personification.From this hill I have watched many moons rise. Each one had its own mood.There have been broad, confident harvest moons in autumn, shy, misty moons inspring; lonely, white winter moons rising into the utter silence of an ink-black skyand smoke-smudged orange moons over the dry fields of summer. Each, like fine music, excited my heart and then calmed my soul.<And others referring to the first question.>3. One July evening in the mountains, the author's car mysteriously stalled, and he wasstranded and alone, but after watching the moonrise for an hour or two the enginestarted mysteriously again. Do you think it was the spell of the rising moon？Open.4. We Chinese often associated the full moon with family reunion, our hometown andour motherland if we are abroad. Can you tell what people do when we Chinese celebrate the festivals associated with the moon such as the Lantern Festival and theMid-Autumn Festival? And why?Open.5. Find out the famous Chinese poems about the moon, and try to translate the following poem into English.李白诗一首床前明月光, Before my bedThere is bright moonlight疑是地上霜． So that it seemsLike frost on the ground.举头望明月, Lifting my headI watch the bright moon,低头思故乡. Lowering my headI dream that I'm home.Another poem for reference:李白词一首秋风清,秋月明The autumn wind is lightThe autumn moon is bright;落叶聚还散 Fallen leaves gather but then disperse,寒鸦栖复惊 A cold crow roosts but again he stirs;相思相见知何日 I think of you, and wonder when I'll see you again? 此时此夜难为情 At such an hour,on such a night,cruel is love's pain. Translation of the Text月亮升起来彼得·斯坦哈特我家附近有座小山.晚上,我常爬上山去.此时,城市的喧嚣成了遥远的低语.在这黑夜的静谧中,我可以尽情分享蟋蟀的欢乐,感受猫头鹰的自信.可我上山是来看月出的,因为这可以让我重新得到在城市中失去的宁静与清新.在这座山上,我已欣赏过许多次月亮升起的景象.每一次月的姿容脾性都有所不同.秋天,满月如轮,充满自信；春天,月亮灰蒙蒙,羞羞答答；冬天,银白的月亮挂在漆黑的、悄无声息的夜空中,显得那般孤寂；夏天,橘黄的月似被烟尘笼罩,俯瞰干燥的田野.每一种月亮,都像美妙的音乐,震动我的心灵,令我的灵魂平静.观月自古有之.在远古的猎人眼里,月亮如同心跳一样准确无误.他们知道每29天,月亮都要变得明亮饱满,然后萎缩、消失,然后又再复活；他们知道,月盈期间,每经一次日落,头顶的月亮就会显得更高更大；他们还知道月亏期间,月亮每晚都要迟迟升起,待到日出才落.他们竟能从经验中了解到月亮的行踪变化,真可谓心深意广.但我们这些人却因深居室内,与月亮失去了联系.城市炫目的街灯、污浊的烟尘掩盖了夜晚的天空.虽然人类已在月亮上行走过,但月亮对于我们却更加陌生了.有几人能说得出今晚月亮会几时升起.但无论怎样,月亮依旧牵动我们的心灵.倘若我们偶尔遇见一轮黄灿灿的满月高悬中天,谁都会禁不住停下来凝神仰望她尊贵的姿容.而月亮也向注视她的人赐予厚礼.我了解到她的馈赠是在山间七月的一个夜晚.我的车突然熄火,将我孤身一人网在山中.太阳已经西沉,我看见东边山头涌出一团橘红色的明光,好像森林起火一般,俄而山头自己也似乎迸出火焰,一会儿,大大的月亮涨红着脸,从密林中鬼魅似地钻了出来,夏天空气中弥漫的尘雾与汗气把它变得丑陋不堪.大地灼热的呼吸扭曲了它,它变得格外暴噪,不再完美.附近农舍的狗紧X地狂吠起来,以为这团奇怪的光亮叫醒了野草中的魔鬼.然而当月亮缓缓升起,离开山头,它变得坚定、威严；它的面孔也由红变成了橘红,又变成金色,最后是平静的明黄色.它似乎从渐暗的大地中吸取了光明,因为随着它的升起,下面的丘陵山谷愈来愈黯淡朦胧.待到皓月当空,满月如盘,闪烁着象牙般乳白的清辉,山谷便成了风景中一片片幽深的阴影.那些狗明白了那团光原是它们熟悉的月亮,也安定下来,停止了吼叫.霎时间,我也觉得信心倍增,心情舒畅,近乎笑了起来.这奇特的景观持续了一个小时.月出是缓慢的,充满神奇.观看月出,我们得回到过去那种对时间的耐心中去.观看月亮不可阻挡地升到空中就能让我们内心安宁,我们的神思能让我们看到宇宙的广漠和大地的宽阔,能让我们忘掉自己.我们觉得自身渺小,却又深感大自然的厚待.月色下,我们看不到生活中坚硬的棱角.山坡在月光下如同笼上了柔和的轻纱,一片银白；海水在月光下碧蓝而静谧；我们在月光下也不再像白日那般精于算计,而是沉醉于自然的情感中.这个时候,奇特的事发生了.在那个七月的夜晚,我看了一两个小时的月景后,回到车中,转动钥匙点火,发动机居然响了起来,就像几个小时前熄火那般突然而神秘.我驱车沿着山路回家,肩上披着明月,心灵一片宁静.后来我常回到山上观月,尤其是在接踵而来的事使我身心疲惫、头晕眼花时.这种境况经常发生在秋天,这时我就登上那座小山,守候猎人的月亮出现,等着那金色的圆月俯照大地,为黑夜带来光明.一只猫头鹰自山头俯冲下来,静悄悄地如一团火焰闪过,一只蟋蟀在草丛长鸣.我想起了诗人和音乐家,想起了贝多芬的"月光奏鸣曲〞和莎士比亚笔下《威尼斯商人》中洛伦佐的话："月光沉睡在这岸边多么轻柔!／我们要坐在这里让音乐之声／潜入我们的耳内.〞我不知道他们的诗篇与音乐,连同蟋蟀的歌声,是否都可算作月的声音.想到这些,我那些城市化的昏乱心绪也融化在了夜的幽静之中.恋人和诗人在夜里能找到生活更深刻的意义.其实我们都爱问一些深刻的问题——我们的祖先是什么？我们的命运在哪里？我们不喜欢那些统治着白天世界的刻板的几何教科书,都愿意沉溺于永远找不到答案的谜团中.在夜里,我们都成了哲人和神秘主义者.月出之时,当我们放慢自己的思想,让它跟随天围的脚步,一种心醉神迷的感觉就会流遍全身.我们会打开情感的窗口,会让白天被理智锁住的那部分思绪尽情奔涌.我们有越过遥远的时空,听见远古猎人的低语,再次看到很久以前的恋人与诗人眼中的世界.Lesson TwoEthics and CompetitivenessPreparing to ReadTips for the teacherThe text is about ethics in business; hence the purpose of this exercise is tolet the studentsunderstand how important ethics is in doing business. The teacher can adopt several steps achievingthe aim. First, let the students talk about the various businesses that involve ethics. Second, let thestudents understand the dangers of illegal business practices in American or Chinese corporations,so that the students' interest in the text will be aroused.Background Information1. Introduction to the author and the text: John F. Akers, born on 28 Dec. 1934 chairman and CEOof IBM 1985-1993.A graduate of Yale, Mr. Akers joined IBM in 1960 as a sales trainee in San Franciscofollowing active duty as a Navy carrier pilot. After various marketing assignments, he was namedpresident of the Data Processing Division, then IBM's largest domestic marketing unit, in 1974at age 39. He became a vice president in 1976, a senior vice president in 1982 and president in1983. This article "Ethics andcompetitiveness - putting first things first" was first published in1989 in Sloan Management Review, winter, 69-71.2. American Education System:Most Americans attend twelve years of primary and secondaryschool. With a secondary school "'high school"> diploma or certificate, a student can enter college,university, vocational <job training> school, secretarial school, and other professional schools.Primary and Secondary School: Begins around age six for U.S. children. They attend five orsix years of primary school. Next they go to secondary school, which consists of either two three-year programs or a three-year and a four-year program. These are called "middle school" or "juniorhigh school" and "senior high school" <often just called "high school">. Americans call thesetwelve years of primary and secondary school the first through twelfth "grades."Higher Education: After finishing high school <twelfth grade>, U.S. students may go on tocollege or university. College or university study is known as"higher education." You shouldfind out which level of education in your country corresponds to the twelfth grade in the U.S.A.You also should ask your educational advisor or guidance counselor whether you must spend anextra year or two preparing for U.S. admission. In some countries, employers and the governmentdo not recognize a U.S. education if a student entered a U.S. college or university before he orshe could enter university at home.3. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow <1807-1882>:American poet, one of the mostpopular andcelebrated poets of his time. Born in Portland, Maine<then in Massachusetts>, Longfellow waseducated at Bowdoin College. After graduating in 1825 he traveled in Europe in preparationfor a teaching career. He taught modern languages at Bowdoin from 1829 to 1835. In late 1835,during a second trip to Europe, Longfellow's wife, Mary Storer Potter, died in Rotterdam, theNetherlands. Longfellow returned to the United States in 1836 and began teaching at HarvardUniversity.In 1843 he remarried, to Fanny Appleton. After retiring from Harvard in 1854,Longfellow devoted himself exclusively to writing. He was devastated when in 1861 his secondwife was burned to death in a household accident. He commemorated her shortly before his owndeath with the sonnet "The Cross of Snow" <1879>. In 1884 a bust of Longfellow was placed inthe Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey in London; he was the first American to be thus honored.《人生颂》——年青人的心对歌者说的话朗费罗不要在哀伤的诗句里告诉我："人生不过是一场幻梦！〞灵魂睡着了,就等于死了,事物的真相与外表不同.人生是真切的！人生是实在的！它的归宿决不是荒坟；"你本是尘土,必归于尘土〞, 这是指躯壳,不是指灵魂.我们命定的目标和道路不是享乐,也不是受苦；而是行动,在每个明天都超越今天,跨出新步.智艺无穷,时光飞逝；这颗心,纵然勇敢坚强,也只如鼙鼓,闷声敲动着,一下又一下,向坟地送丧.世界是一片辽阔的战场,人生是到处扎寨安营；莫学那听人驱策的哑畜,做一个威武善战的英雄！别指望将来,不管它多可爱！把已逝的过去永久掩埋！行动吧-趁着活生生的现在！心中有赤心,头上有真宰！伟人的生平启示我们：我们能够生活得高尚,而当告别人世的时候,留下脚印在时间的沙上；也许我们有一个兄弟航行在庄严的人生大海,遇险沉了船,绝望的时刻,会看到这脚印而振作起来.那么,让我们起来干吧,对任何命运要敢于担戴；不断地进取,不断地追求,要善于劳动,善于等待.A Psalm of LifeHenry Wadsworth LongfellowTell me not, in mournful numbers, "Life is but an empty dream!" For the soul is dead that slumbers, And things are not what they seem. Life is real! Life is earnest! And the grave is not its goal; "Dust thou art,to dust returnest," Was not spoken of the soul.Not enjoyment, and not sorrow,Is our destined end or way;But to act, that each to-morrow Find us farther than to-day.Art is long, and Time is fleeting, And our hearts, though stout and brave,Still, like muffled drums, are beatingFuneral marches to the grave.In the world's broad field of battle,In the bivouac of life,Be not like dumb, driven cattle! Be a hero in the strife!Trust no Future, howe'er pleasant! Let the dead Past bury its dead! Act, - act in the living Present! Heart within, and God o'evhead! Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And, departing, leave behind us. Footprints on the sand of time.; Footprints, that perhaps another, Sailing o'er life's solemn main, A forlorn and shipwrecked brother, Seeing, shall take heart again. Let us, then, be up and doing, With a heart for any fate;Still achieving, still pursuing, Learn to labor and to wait.NotesKey to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension1. The issue Akers discusses is the relationship between ethics and competitiveness.2. When they think of competitiveness, they should think not just of seeking their own selfish advantage, but of striving to improve living standards for all. When they think of ethics, they should think not just as managers focusing on business ethics, but as citizens of a larger society.3. Ethics and competitiveness are inseparable because we compete as a society.4.The greater the measure of mutual trust and confidence in the ethics of a society, the greater its economic strength.5. First, we should fortify the practical ethical buttresses; second, ethical instruction must include ademanding study of history and literature; and above all we should keep our priorities straight.6.They are role modelsthe honor system, and codes of conduct.7. We should start with a clear-cut study of the past, because our ethical standards come out of the past.8.What bothers Akers is that they have missed the humane lessons in individual ethical conduct,which can be found in the annals of world history, the biographies of great men and women and works of literature.9. He thinks that the good of an entire society counts more than that of any single corporation.10. We remember him because he did not see winning or self-advancement or even life itself as the only thing. He saw his newly born nation greater than himself.II. Structure of the text1. Introduction<Paras.1-5>A central subject in international business competition is ethics. We are urged to look atethics and competitiveness with a wide angle of vision.Ethics and competitiveness are inseparable, they are important not only in running acompany. but also in running and managing a country. 2. Body <Paras.6-23>1> Ethical buttressesA. We should fortify the practical ethical buttresses that help allof us know and understand and do exactly what is required of us.The simplest and most powerful buttress is the role model.B. There are other ethical buttresses such as the institutionalbuttresses honor system.C. There are professional standards and business codes of conduct.2> Ethics teachingA. Ethical instruction is important in a business school or anywhereelse in the universities, but to take ethical examination ofworkplace safety, consumer protection environmental safeguards,and the rights of the individual employee within the organizationis equally important.B. We should start from kindergarten to twelfth grade with a clear-cutstudy of the past because our ethical standards come out of thepast-out of ourinheritances as a people: religious, philosophical, historical.C. The more we know of the history of US, the more sure-footedly wecan inculcate ethical conduct in the future.3> Putting first things first: keep our sense of order straight3. Conclusion<Paras.24>By taking advice of the three suggestions, we shall go far toward discharging our responsibilities asmanagers and as human beings.V. VocabularyA.l. ludicrous2. endowed 3. consequences 4. conflicting 5. safety6.count7. falsified8. fortified9. inculcate10. vexingB.1. D2. C3. B4. D5. A6. C7. D8. A9. B10. BVI. Cloze1. devoted2. Concern3. Threatens4. Perhaps5. respectable6. address7. Defined8. Occupation9. Which10. Behind11. perfectly12. Refer13. Benefit14. Personal15. assess16. commit 17. Being18. Lower19. Prosecute20. Summon道德和竞争力John. F. Akers1 我想谈谈国际经济竞争中的一个核心问题：道德.在一开始我想奉劝我们所有的管理层人员应该以宽阔的视野来看待这两个词,即道德和竞争力.在我们想到竞争力的时候,我们不应该只想到像美国人,欧洲人或日本人那样追求我们自己的利益,贪得无厌；而是应该像管理者们那样在日益相互依存的世界里心中怀有提高全人类的生活水平的大志,努力工作,争取成功.而在我们想到道德的时候,我们不该像那些只是把重点放在自己的狭窄领地即商业道德上的管理者,而是应该像一个宽广社会里的公民.2 道德和竞争力是不可分的.我们处在一个竞争的社会中.没有哪一个社会的竞争会因为下列情形而长久和成功的：人们彼此背后相互使坏；互相偷窃；由于缺乏诚信而事事公证；一点争吵就会诉诸法律；或政府为了保证诚实的商业运行而制定很多各种各样束缚手脚的法规.3 这不仅仅会成为公司经营中令人头痛的事情,也会让国家成为一个浪费、低效和缺乏竞争力的国家.一个不可逃避的事实是：在一个道德社会中人们之间相互信任和忠诚度越高,它的经济力量就越强.4 我并不是说我们美国这里天要塌下来.我不认为在我们过去美好的时光中道德水准已经很高了而我们现在是道德滑坡.当然,我们确实存在道德和竞争力的问题,这一点无可质疑.我们一直都看到关于不道德行为的报导：教会领导层聚会时发生偷窃；华尔街上靠内部##消息发财的掮客；各种政客和权利贩子；剽窃的法学专业的学生；篡改研究数据的医学教授；贩卖##情报的国防部雇员.但我们大多数人都同意托马斯·杰弗逊关于所有人都生来具有道德意识的观点——个整日耕作的普通农民可以和一个大学教授一样具有道德意识.如杰弗逊一样,我们可以相信大街上的入,不论这大街是在阿蒙克,在旧金山,或者牛津,伦敦,巴黎或东京.5 这种道德意识不是凭空而来的,也不会自动永远存在下去.每一代人都要让它保存并发扬光大.为此,我们每个人都要想出些策略.下面是三个建议.道德基础6 首先,我们要加强日常生活中的道德基础的培养,让我们从孩提时代起就明白并理解,继而按照要求行事.最简单也是最有用的道德基石就是榜样：父母或其他人言传身教为我们树立榜样,使我们明白是非好坏.在我一生所有的榜样中,我认为起作用时间最长的就是我的祖父了,一个坚强的新英格兰地区中学校长.我的房间里挂着他的肖像.直到今天,每当我走过他的肖像前我都会挺直腰板,还要检查一下我的领带是否打好了.7 还有许多其它方面的道德基础.有些尽管有一点傲慢和世俗但却是简单的信条："童子军是可信的,忠诚的,助人的,友好的,礼貌的,善良的,听话的,快乐的,节俭的,勇敢的,整洁的和虔诚的〞；或者"军校生不会说谎,欺骗或偷盗或容忍其他人欺骗和说谎与偷盗.〞有些道德行为已经形成制度化,如诚信制度.大学里的学生依照诚信制度来约束自己,保证不剽窃和考试作弊.我觉得好笑的是,甚至在神学院,法学院和哲学系里,更不用说大学的其它科系了,在考试的时候学院要雇来监考者在走廊里踱来踱去以防止有人考试时候偷看笔记或抄袭邻座.令人遗撼的是,在杰弗逊提倡先在弗吉尼亚大学实行诚信制度的150年后,并非所有的美国大学和学院都采纳了这一制度.8 最后,还有从业标准和商业行为规X,它们都对下列事情有严格的规定：如股票内部交易,馈赠和娱乐,回扣与利益冲突.如果认为这些道德准则会解决我们所有的问题就太天真了.但是,若想没有这些明确的要求和了解违反这些要求引起的后果,人们也一样会按道德准则行为,那这种想法也同样是天真的.我们的学校能教授道德吗？9 到了该认真考虑学校的道德课的时候了.这里我不仅仅指商学院的研究生院.众人皆知约翰·山德将捐赠给哈佛商学院近3 000万美元用于其道德课的教学和研究.我们也知道麻省理工的斯罗恩学院院长兰斯特·苏罗和其他教育家已经对这个举措表示了公开的置疑.10 先弄清楚我们在说什么吧.很多商界人士在面对大学生听众时都对他们的一些脱口而出的断言感到吃惊：如在南非做生意、为军队制造武器、反对兴建日托所、建核工厂、甚至谋取利润都显然是不道德的.若想让年轻人清楚地了解这些问题的复杂性——而这些问题是不能用伪善的答案去搪塞的——还要做大量的工作.相反,这些问题需要一个明确的定义和敏锐的分析,需要对公司的责任有清醒的认识,而公司对员工,股东与国家所持的责任有时是相互冲突的,需要经历艰难的、甚至痛苦的抉择.11 我完全赞同在商学院和大学的其它系所进行这种道德教育,它可以加强学生们的这种分析能力.我也赞同对工作场所安全性、消费者保护、环境监督与团体内部员工个人的权利等方面进行的道德审查.12 但想一想塞缪尔·约翰逊曾经说的话吧：如果一个人不能区分好恶,"他一出我们的家门,我们就数羹匙是否少了.〞如果一个工商管理硕士生不能区分诚实与犯罪,说谎和讲真话,那么商学院就完全有可能培养不出来一个个非常虔诚敬业的学生.13 对于为什么说偷偷摸摸,行骗欺诈,盗窃财物这样的事情是不好的,这种最基础和根本的教育,在工商管理学院里进行就太晚了,内容也太简单了.这里不是开始这些课的地方.开始的地方应该是幼儿园.14 可以肯定的是,对于是否在上课时进行祈祷存在着很多和宪法相关的麻烦问题与其它问题.但我们不需要等到所有的问题有了答案——若真有这一天——再开始学校里的道德教育.我们可以现在就开始,从幼儿园到中学,但不是硬塞给学生们一些模糊的抽象"价值观〞.我是指我们应该对过去的历史有个清楚明了的了解.我们的道德准则始于过去,始于我们的民族传统：##,哲学和历史.我们对于过去了解得越多,我们就越能在未来踏踏实实地教授道德准则.15 参议员丹尼尔说,如果你想了解塔米·贝克你就得读辛克莱·路易斯的作品；如果你想了解股票内部交易,读读易达·塔贝尔的著作；如果想了解在弱肉强食的地方掠夺者获利而社会遭殃的情况下如何行事,读读霍布斯和洛克的书.若想了解社会的要求和个体良知的冲突,读读梭罗的论公民的不服从和索福克洛斯的安提格涅；若想了解礼仪,读读孔子的书,若想了解勇气,节制,真诚和公平,读读亚里斯多德的书或圣经.16 在我听说美国的高中生不太知道或完全不知道乔叟或惠特曼或美国内战或1日约中的预言书时,我担心的不是他们的无知,而是他们丢失了我们在世界历史、名人传记与富于高度想象力的文学作品中能够发现的蕴藏在一个个道德行为中的高尚的人文素养.17 一个古典文学作家曾定义历史为"实例中的哲学〞.亨利·朗费罗,美国的牛津城布拉特大街上一个很有名的居民,是这样优雅地总结的：伟人的生平启示我们：我们能够生活得高尚,而当告别人世的时候,留下脚印在时间的沙上.首要的事情先做18 我的第三个建议是,牢记顺序,最重要的事情先做.19 我们都听到过目光短浅的生意人把下面这句话当作是朗巴迪说的："成功不是最重要的,但是唯一要做的事情.〞对于鼓舞团队±气,这句话确实很好,但作为商业理念,它就是一派胡言.这里还有一段稍好一点的话：朗巴迪曾经希望他的队员有三种忠诚：对上帝,对家庭,还有对〔绿湾包装工〕橄榄球球队,"并按此顺序〞.20 他知道哪些事情更重要.商界人士可以毫不掩饰地为他们自己的公司而感到骄傲.但整个社会的利益超越了任何一个公司的利益.整个世界的道德秩序超越了任何一个单一的国家.一个人如果不了解商业在更大X围内的地位,他就不可能成为优秀的商界领袖,或好医生,或好的律师、工程师.。
研究生学术综合英语课后翻译答案
Outlines are essential to effective speeches. By outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches—the detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline.In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identify main points and sub-points using a consistent pattern, the speaking outline should consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech. It should contain key words or phrases to bolster you memory. In making up your speaking outline, follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline, keep the speaking outline as brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible.演讲要有效，提纲很重要。
新编研究生英语综合教程课后翻译及答案,潘海英
Advanced English for Graduate Students: General Skills & Academic Literacy
Unit Two Language
Text A Learn By Touch
Overview
Language is the human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication. Humans acquire language through social interaction in early childhood. But some people may suffer from speech
honors from Radcliffe College in 1904.
3. Cultural Background Information
Helen Keller was dedicated to helping the handicapped, raising funds and lobbying for the blind. Helen Keller received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and many honorary degrees. Winston Churchill considered her as ―the greatest woman of our age.‖ Mark Twain said ―Helen Keller is fellow to Caesar, Alexander, Napoleon, Homer, Shakespeare, and the rest of the immortals ... she will be as famous a thousand years from now as she is today.‖ Her other books include The World I Live In (1908), Midstream: My Later Life (1929), Helen Keller’s Journal (1938), and Let us Have
新编研究生英语综合教程课后翻译及答案,潘海英 ppt课件
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Unit Two Language
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Text A Learn By Touch
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Overview
Language is the human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication. Humans acquire language through social interaction in early childhood. But some people may suffer from speech impairment; despite the success of the disability rights movement and the recognition that signing is no less a linguistic system than spoken language, “dumb” is still used as a term of abuse.
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Overview
Text A is excerpted from The Story of My Life, Helen Keller’s autobiography. It portrays the wild child who is locked in the dark and silent prison of her own body. Keller reveals her frustration and rage, and takes the reader on the unforgettable journey of her education and breakthroughs into the world of communication. From the moment Keller recognizes the word “water” when her teacher finger spells the letters, we share her triumph as “that living word awakened my soul, gave it light, hope, joy, set it free!” She learned to “hear” people’s speech by reading their lips with her hands; her sense of touch had become extremely supple. She became proficient at using Braille and reading sign language with her hands as well.
(完整word版)学术综合英语课后答案
Unit 1C1.The younger generation should continue to sustain anddevelop our fine traditions and long-standing culture.2.In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearlyaware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view.3.An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills thatcollege students should learn and develop through practice. 4.By using simile and metaphor, you can make your languagemore vivid and more attractive to your audience.5.The proper examples you cite might help reinforce theimpression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing.6.When you are speaking, you should choose common and easywords and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.7.When you write a paper, citing the views from some expertsis a good way to make your ideas more credible.8.A good method of delivering a speech will improve its qualityand will help convey the speaker’s ideas clearly and interestingly.9.You should not blindly use a word that your are not sureabout, and it you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary.10.Y our language should adapt to the particular occasion andaudience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful.英译汉：发言提纲是有效发言的基础。
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Outlines are essential to effective speeches. By outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches—the detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline.In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identify main points and sub-points using a consistent pattern, the speaking outline should consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech. It should contain key words or phrases to bolster you memory. In making up your speaking outline, follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline, keep the speaking outline as brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible.演讲要有效，提纲很重要。
列提纲可以把相关的思想联系在一起，是你的思想从一个自然过渡到另一个，你的讲话结构连贯流畅。
你的演讲提纲可能回包括两种形式—详细的准备提纲和简单的讲话提纲。
在准备提纲的过程中，通过使用统一的格式明确主要信息和次要信息。
在演讲提纲中应该包括能够帮助你演讲的简单注解。
发言提纲还应包括能够帮助你记忆的关键词或短语。
在写发言提纲时，可沿用准备提纲中所有的相同的视觉框架，演讲提纲尽可能保持简洁，并确保清晰易读。
当你发表学术演讲时，首先要做好充分的准备；其次，你演讲的主要观点要明确，层次要清楚。
演讲时，语速不要太快，语言要清晰。
不要总是在读你准备好的稿子。
最后，你应该经常看一下你的听众。
这样，一方面你对你的听众表示尊重，另一方面，你可以更顺利地进行你的演讲。
Before you deliver an academic speech, firstly, you should make a good preparation for it. Then, you should make your major points and organization clear in your speech. During your speech, speak it explicitly and don’t speak too fast. Don’t always read the script that you have prepared. Finally, you should often look at youraudience. So that, on one hand, youcan show your respect to them; on theother hand, you can deliver yourspeech more smoothly.Energy has dual relation shipwith human well-being. For mots ofhuman history, man has beenconcerned mainly about the benefitside of the energy —well-beingequation thanks to the low costsinvolved in energy use. However, withthe staggering scale of energy demandbrought forth by 100 years ofunprecedented population growth,coupled with an equally remarkablegrowth in per capita demand ofindustrial energy forms, energy entailsincreasingly higher costs, bothexternal and internalized. On the onehand, energy resources are reducing atan accelerating speed and energysupply requires higher in put. In theother hand, the external costs seemmore worrisome because energy useposes serous threats to public healthand safety, keeps disrupting the globalecosystem, and may triggerlarge-scale military conflict.能源与人类幸福有着双重关系。
在人类社会的大部分历史中，由于能源使用成本低廉，人们一直考虑的是能源与人类利益这个等式中有利的部分，然而在过去的100年中，人口有了史无前例的增长，能源需求达到了惊人的规模，同时人均工业能源的需求也增长显著，所以能源成本越来越高。
这种成本既包括内部成本，也包括外部成本。
一方面，能源资源正在加速减少，能源供应的投入更高，另一方面，能源利用严重威胁公共健康和安全，不断破坏全球生态系统，并有可能引发大范围军事冲突，这些外部成本似乎更令人担忧。
以上各种因素究竟如何影响能源供应的资金成本难以量化，部分原因是许多非环境因素实际上同环境因素交织在一起。
比如，造成工程施延误的原因，不但有挂历上的限制，而且有工程、管理以及质量监控等方面的问题。
然而在美国，过去20年中由于环境影响，石油产品供应的资金成本至少上升了25%，而火电和核电产生的资金成本则上升了40%，甚至更多。
The monetary costs of energysupply affected by the above factorsare difficult to quantify, partly becausemany non-environmental. Forexample, the reason for constructiondelay includes not only managementconstraint, but also problems ofengineer, management and qualitycontrol. However, in America, in thepast 20 years, the monetary costs ofthe supply of petroleum produces haverisen by 25% because ofenvironmental impacts and themonetary costs of energy of electricityfrom coal and nuclear energy havegrown by 40% or more.Two fatal wrecks in less than a24-hour period over the Thanksgivingweekend killed three people, bringingto six the number of deaths in the pasttwo weeks on Springfield city streets.With one month left in the year,at least 17 people have been killed infatality accidents in Springfield,including the three members of aChicago family who died the weekendbefore on Interstate 44.On Sunday, Springfield husbandand wife Jon Bauer, 58, and JuanityBauer,59, died in the 2400 block ofSouth Glenstone Avenue.According to police, Jon Bauer’ssouthbound 2001 Hyundai Santa Fesideswiped a 1995 Chrysler Cirrus,also heading southbound, driven byChadd Rohde, 27, of Mountain Home,Ark., at around 10:30 a.m.Jon Bauer’s vehicle continuedsouth and stuck a brick wall and utilitypole at Springfield National Cemetery.The Springfield Fire Departmentextracted the couple from the vehicle.Juanita Bauer was pronounced dead atthe scene. Jon Bauer, who wasunconscious, was transported to St.John’s Region Medical Center, wherehe was later pronounced dead.Traffic was shut down for four hours as police investigated the crash.在这个感恩节周末不到24小时内，2起严重的交通事故造成3人死亡，这使得斯普林菲尔德街道在过去2周的死亡人数上升至6人。