介词及介词短语和问路指路句型

介词及介词短语

一、介词

①在......上on

②在 (i)

③在......下under

④在......后behind

⑤在......旁边next to/beside

⑥在......与......之间between...and...

⑦在......(之外)的前面in front of=before,

⑧在......(之内)的前部in the front of,

⑨在......中间in the middle/center of ,

⑩在......左边/右边on the left/right of ,

(11)在某人的左边/右边on one's left/right

=on the left/right of sb

(12)在.....的对面across from

=on the other side of

二、介词短语。

在沙发上on the sofa

在梳妆台后behind the dresser

在餐桌下under the table

在桌子与椅子之间between the table and the chair 在抽屉里in the drawer 在沙发旁边next to the sofa 在我的双肩背包里in my backpack

在地板上on the floor

在卧室里in the bedroom

在床的旁边next to the bed

在沙发后behind the sofa

在书柜和卧室之间

between the bookcase and the bedroom

在餐桌旁边next to the table

在桌子下面under the table

在沙发上on the sofa

在梳妆台上on the dresser

在双肩背包里in the backpack

在梳妆台里in the dresser

在桌子上on the table

在树上（长在树上）on the tree

在树上(不是树上长的)in the tree

在画里in the picture

在墙上（表面）on the wall

在墙里(里面)in the wall

三、常用的句型

主语+be+介词短语. 对介词短语提问用where （一）单数句型

The+单数名词is+介词短语

The pen is on the desk.→Where is the pen? One's(形物/名所)+单数名词is+介词短语.

形物:my,your,his,her,our,their 名所:Jim's,Anna's My pen is on the desk.

→Where is your pen?

This/That+单数名词is+介词短语.

This/That pen is on the desk.

→Where is this/that pen?

He/She/It+ is+介词短语.

He/She/It is on the desk.

→Where is he/she/it?

I am+介词短语.

I am on the desk.→Where are you? （二）复数句型

The+复数名词are+介词短语

The pens are on the desk.

→Where are the pens?

One's+复数名词are+介词短语

One's(形物/名所)+单数名词is+介词短语.

形物:my,your,his,her,our,their 名所:Jim's,Anna's My pens are on the desk.

→Where are your pens?

These/Those+复数名词are +介词短语.

These/Those pens are on the desk.

→Where are these/those pens?

We/You/They are+介词短语.

We are on the desk.→Where are you? They are on the desk.→Where are they?

请问，公园在哪里？

Excuse me! How far is the park,please? Excuse me! Is there a park near here?

Excuse me! Where is the nearest park,please? Excuse me! How can I get to the park?

Excuse me! Which is the way to the park?

Excuse me!Could you tell/show me the way to the park? Excuse me!Do you know the way to the park? Excuse me!Can you find the way to the park? Excuse me!Could you tell me where the park is? Excuse me!Could you tell me which is the way to the park? Excuse me!Could you tell me how I can get to the park? Excuse me!Could you tell me how to get to the park? Excuse me!Could you tell me if there is a park near/around here /in the neighborhood?

（二）Giving directions(指路)

1.It's over there. It's on Fifth Avenue /Center Street.

/It's +prep. the +名词地点.(It's across from the supermarket.)

/It's about 100 meters away./It's down Bridge Street on the left.

2.①Go/Walk along/down/up the road/street.

②Go straight and turn left./Go straight along the street. /Go upstairs and turn left.

③Cross the bridge.＝Go across the bridge.

Go through Fifth Avenue.

④Take the +序数词(fifth)+turning on the left/right.

=Turn left/right at the+序数词(fifth)+turning/crossing.

⑤Go on to the end of the road.

=go on until you reach the end of the road.

⑥You'll find/see it in front of you /on your left/right.

You can find it easily .You can't miss it.

3.①The nearest one is about ... kilometers away.

②You'd better go there by bus.

=You'd better take/catch a bus to go there.

③The bus stop is along the road on the right/left.

④The No. 9 bus will take you right there.

You need a No. 9 bus to go there.

Take a No.9 bus on the right and get off at the fourth stop.

4.①I'm sorry I don't know.=I'm sorry I've no idea.

=I'm sorry I'm not sure.

②You'd better ask the policeman for help over there . He may know.

--Thank you all the same.

③I'm sorry I'm a stranger myself. --Thank you all the same.

④I'm sorry,I'm new around here. --Thank you all the same. 附录：1、地点名词。post office, library,restaurant,bank,supermarket,

pay phone,park,market,hotel,school,hospital,airport

2、常见的表地点介词：

①在......上on,②在......旁边next to/beside,

③在......与......之间between...and....,

④在......后behind,

⑤在......(之外)的前面in front of=before,

⑥在......(之内)的前部in the front of,

Teachers stand in front of students and in the front of the classroom.

⑦在......中间in the middle/center of ,

⑧在......左边/右边on the left/right of ,

⑨在某人的左边/右边on one's left/right=on the left/right of sb

⑩在.....的对面across from=on the other side of 3、介词短语：由介词+the/one's+名词构成或者由介词+专有名词构成。

①on Center Street,on Bridge Street,

②next to the post office,

beside the park, next to the bank

③between the park and the hotel, between the park and the school

④behind the supermarket,

behind the pay phone

⑤in front of the post office,

in front of the hospital

⑥in the front of the school,

in the front of the classroom

⑦in the middle/center of the city

⑧on the left of the library,

on the right of the bank

⑨on my left/right=on the left/right of me

⑩across from the pay phone,

on the other side of the market

二、常用的句型。

1.There is a/an +地点名词+介词短语。

There is a post office on Center Street.

2.Where is the +地点名词？It's +介词短语。Where is the park?

It's between the hotel and the school.

补充句型：①one of you/us/them,one of the/one's +复数名词，作主语时，其后的动词在一般现在时态中，动词用三单现，be用is

One of them likes English. One of mt friends is from England.

②S1/S2+had better do sth. 某人最好做什么。S1/S2+had better not do sth. 某人最好别做什么。

Students had better listen carefully in class. Students had better not talk in class.