闸北区2015年高三英语二模试卷

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上海市十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题含答案.pdf

2015年3月十三校联考高三英语试卷2015.03听力（略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.ALatin study can help Chinese learn EnglishIn 1988, I went and started to learn Mandarin in Taiwan. At first it was just the mysterious Eastern culture 25.________ attracted me, but after I read on Confucianism and Taoism, I was amazed by Chinese philosophy.In 1994, I was recommended by a friend to study with renowned philosopher Tang Yijie at Peking University as a doctoral student, 26.__________(focus) on the introduction and the spreadof Christianity in China.Learning ancient languages enables us 27. __________(communicate) with ancient wise men.When I first read The Analects of Confucius in Chinese by looking up the dictionary word by word, Ifelt like I was talking to them who lived some 2,500 years ago, and it gave me tremendous joy.Nowadays, Chinese are crazy about learning English, 28. ________ many don’t know that English has been influenced by Latin in many ways, and if one wants to understand Western culture, one has to learn Latin. So I always wonder 29. __________ the Chinese are so contentwith superficial understanding instead of seeking the roots of the language.I used to have a dream of building a language school 30. _____________(dedicate) to Western classical languages, 31. ___________ now still seems unrealistic, but I have opened upcourses in Renmin University and Beijing Normal University, and on weekends I do public teachingat the Xishiku cathedral (大教堂) and PostWave publishing company, so my dream is being partially realized.Besides teaching, I use my spare time writing books on classics studies and I 32. ___________(publish) more than 30 titles so far. I see my students as my children, and want togive them my best.BModified food examinedStudies on genetic modification(GM) 33. ______________(mention) six times in the annual No.1 Central Document. This year’s document is the first to propose 34. __________(spread) scientific knowledge related to the use of genetic modification.This is a worthy move in that the authorities appear to have decided to break 35. ____________ long silence about GM technology, says Qing Chuan in an article in Rednet. cn.For too long, opinions on genetically modified crops in China have been divided. Advocates ofGM accuse opponents 36. ___________ fear mongering(兜售)，while opponents with eitherhaving been bought over by foreign seed companies, or ignoring threats to public health or nationalfood security.The governmental authorities have been sponsoring studies for years but 37. ________ havenot talked much about the unauthorized commercialization of research achievements exposed bysome reports. Occasionally, government officials have complained about the public’s ignorance妖魔化) of GM technologies. Yet few of them succeeded in reassuring aand “demonization”（worried public with 38. _______________ (convincing) explanations.GM technologies, GM food in particular, have been unpopular thus far not because they’ve been proven unsafe, but mostly because authorities 39. ___________ not have been unnecessarily quiet, says Qing.The public deserves to know 40. _______________ is being done and why, and such knowledge will contribute to their understanding of the issue.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. astonishingB. processingC. ensureD. blameE. virtuallyF. routinelyG. occurs H. consequences I . admitted J. decent K. estimatedAs many sit down to enjoy plentiful holiday meals this season, it’s also a good time to note the growing problem of food waste.According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, it is41._____________ that one-third of food produced for human consumption worldwide annually islost or wasted.The economic and environmental implications of food loss and waste are 42. ____. More thana quarter of the world’s agricultural land is being worked to grow food that nobody eats.What’s the difference between food loss and food waste? Waste happens toward the back endof the food chain, at the retail and consumer level. Loss, on the other hand, mostly 43. _______ atthe front of the food chain—during production, post-harvest, and 44. _____ —and it’s morecommon in the developing world, which tends to lack the base to deliver all of its food, in 45.______ shape, to consumers.In developed nations, extreme-efficient farming practices, plenty of refrigeration, and first-ratetransportation and storage 46. _______ that most of the food they grow makes it to the retail level.But things go rapidly south from there.Store managers 47. ______ over-order, for fear of running out of a particular product. TheBritish supermarket chain Tesco, for example, 48. ______ throwing out nearly 50,000 tons of foodwithin their UK stores during the latest financial year.Consumers are also to 49. ______. We often order too much food in restaurants without takingleftovers home. We overbuy when there is a discount for invitingly packaged food. When we storefood, many of us take “use by” dates literally, and we suffer no 50. ______ for dumping eatable。

15 上海市闸北区2015届高三上学期期末练习(一模)英语试题

闸北区2014学年度第一学期高三英语学科期末练习卷（2014.12.30）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider (25)_________(sit) by the window the next time you eat out.A new book claims that (26)________ you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.A New research found that people sitting farthest from the front door ate the fewest salads and were 73 percent (27)________(likely) to order dessert.Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more of it (28)______ diners seated at bright bar tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.According to the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisible you (29)______ feel, the less easy it is to see how much you’re eating and the less guilty you are when you eat more.In contrast, (30) ________(see) the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of (31)________ you look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.The researchers also noted that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in the time (32)_________ takes for the brain to register satisfaction.(B)Beijing’s annoying smog(雾) seems to have hurt the city’s appeal to tourists. Last year, Beijing Youth Daily reported that the number of visitors to Beijing (33)_________(fall) 50 percent since January. It’s said that the city’s bad air quality was to blame for the decline. It’s also more difficult (34) _______(attract) high-end employees to work in Beijing, especially those with children.However, the blanket of poisonous smog hasn’t hurt Beijing’s office market, (35)_______ has jumped up quickly on a global ranking to become the fourth-most-expensive location to rent office space in the world. According to a recent research, office space in Beijing’s Central Business District costs (36)________ average $1,412 per square meter per year.That’s more expensive than No.5-rankes central Tokyo or No.6-rangked Madison & Fifth Avenues in New York. The research took into consideration both (37)________ (publish) rental rates and “additional costs,” which include agent fees and (38)_________costs to make the deal happen.London (39)_________ (remain) the world’s most expensive city in which to rent office space. Hong Kong, home to the priciest office space in Asia, comes in second globally. The cities (40)___________(experience) the highest annual growth in office rental rates are both in South Africa with 40 percent rate rise for Durban and 44 percent for Sandton.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. NoteMusic has been playing a major role in the li ves of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no ____41_____. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digit al world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past---when music was ___42_____ through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical ___43_____. But now that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the internet, parents are less likely to be ____44____ of what their teens are listening to.Today, it’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years people used to be ___45_____ against Elvis Pr esley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more ____46____ of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can be a(n)___47_____ influence in teens. It’s important to take an active approach when ____48_____ your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing ___49_____. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what ____50____ can be found in certain songs.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Gallup used to conduct a poll(投票) that asked students to name the school subject that they considered to be the most difficult. Not ____51____, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult? defines the word “difficult” as “not easily or readily done; requiring much ____52___ or planning to be performed successfully.” This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and persistence. For many students, math is not something that comes ___53_____. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and ___54_____.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don’t make their own timelines, they can ___55____ the time as the teacher moves on to the next topic.In fact, there is also an element of brain style in the big picture, according to many scientists. They believe that people are born with ___56____math understanding skills. Logical, left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in sequential bits, while artistic, intuitive, right-brainers are more ___57____. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. so left-brain students may grasp concepts __58____ while right-brain students don’t. To the right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are mot always ___59____ enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.Math know-how is also cumulative(积累), which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. Youhave to gain enough ___60___ in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon” another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn ____61___ for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our ___62__. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become ___63___ before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don’t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some student s move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. ___64____, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might ___65_____ complete failure at some point.51. A. surprisingly B. interestingly C. necessarily D. similarly52. A. emotion B. labor C. curiosity D. money53. A. regularly B. possibly C. automatically D. secretly54. A. space B. confidence C. character D. energy55. A. make up for B. run out of C. take advantage of D. add up to56. A. steady B. abstract C. different D. sharp57. A. negative B. global C. simple D. specific58. A. quickly B. typically C. patiently D. strangely59. A. reminded about B. exposed to C. blessed with D. accused of60. A. praises B. scores C. material D. blocks61. A. conditions B. rules C. aims D. choices62. A. thought B. attitude C. foundation D. source63. A. native B. accessible C. firm D. superior64. A. In addition B. In contrast C. For example D. In result65. A. realize B. acknowledge C. suffer D. regretSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)October 17, 1989 is a day San Francisco will never forget. On that day, an uncommon number of tragedies took place. It was also a day when total strangers became linked. The story of Jim Betts and Julio Berumen is a moving example of one such meeting.On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist. Also in the car was her son six-year-old Julio and their family friend Yolanda. Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck. Without warning, the earth began to shake.The damage was terrible. Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubber. Streets cracked and buildings collapsed. At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.Then as quickly as it started, the earthquake stopped. The Berumens’s car had been crushed be the steel. Petra and Yolanda were killed instantly. Cathy escaped unhurt but Julio, though still alive, was in danger. Not only was his right leg pinned down by the steel, he was also squeezed between the dead bodies of his mother and Yolanda.Rescuers had calmed Julio by the time Jim Betts, a doctor from Oakland Hospital, arrived. For two hours, Jim tried to free Julio with two bare hands. He did not stop to worry about the fact that aftershocks could send thehighway to the ground. As soon as Julio was breathing, Jim kept working. However, Julio was languishing. Jim realized that he had only one choice. He would have to cut the boy’s right leg at the knee. Conditions were far from ideal. It was hot inside the car. Darkness had fallen outside.With great care, Jim started the operation. He had to try risky methods. Finally Julio was free.Those hours on the highway were like a nightmare. Jim said: “If my family members were up there badly hurt, they would urgently nee d help like that.” Though the day the earthquake tore many things apart, it also brought brave people together.66. The San Francisco earthquake was an uncommon event for Julio and Jim because _________.A. the earth shook violently and suddenlyB. they became linked unexpectedlyC. they neither could see the broken highwayD. they both lost their family members67. In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was _________.A. about to dieB. complaining about the painC. losing his voiceD. crying68. According to the passage, Jim _________.A. successfully performed the operationB. had necessary equipment to rescue JulioC. was able to save Julio’s right legD. had one family member operated on69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The Berumens were trying to leave the dangerous city when the earthquake struck.B. Two people of the Berumen family finally survived from the earthquake.C. Knowing aftershocks would come soon, Jim tried to rescue Julio from the car.D. The conditions were agreeable enough for Jim to perform the operation.II卷（共47分）I．Translation(22分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.玛丽的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。

闸北区--2015届上海高三英语一模试卷及答案

闸北区2014学年度第一学期高三英语学科期末练习卷I. ListeninII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider (25)_________(sit) by the window the next time you eat out.A new book claims that (26)________ you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.A New research found that people sitting farthest from the front door ate the fewest salads and were 73 percent (27)________(likely) to order dessert.Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more of it (28)______ diners seated at bright bar tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.According to the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisible you (29)______ feel, the less easy it is to see how much you‟re eating and the less guilty you are when you eat more.In contrast, (30) ________(see) the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of (31)________ you look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.The researchers also noted that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in the time (32)_________ takes for the brain to register satisfaction.(B)Beijing‟s annoying smog(雾) seems to have hurt the city‟s appeal to tourists. Last year, Beijing Youth Daily reported that the number of visitors to Beijing (33)_________(fall) 50 percent since January. It‟s said that the city‟s bad air quality was to blame for the decline. It‟s also more difficult (34) _______(attract) high-end employees to work in Beijing, especially those with children.However, the blanket of poisonous smog hasn‟t hurt Beijing‟s office market, (35)_______ has jumped up quickly on a global ranking to become the fourth-most-expensive location to rent office space in the world. According to a recent research, office space in Beijing‟s Central Business District costs (36)________ average $1,412 per square meter per year.That‟s more expensive than No.5-rankes central Tokyo or No.6-rangked Madison & Fifth Avenues in New York. The research took into consideration both (37)________ (publish) rental rates and “additional costs,” which include agent fees and (38)_________costs to make the deal happen.London (39)_________ (remain) the world‟s most expensive city in which to rent office space. Hong Kong, home to the priciest office space in Asia, comes in second globally. The cities(40)___________(experience) the highest annual growth in office rental rates are both in South Africa with 40 percent rate rise for Durban and 44 percent for Sandton.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today‟s teens are no ____41_____. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen‟s music. In the past---when music was ___42_____ through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen‟s musical ___43_____. But mow that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the internet, parents are less likely to be ____44____ of what their teens are listening to.Today, it‟s hard to believe that today‟s over-50-years people used to be ___45_____ against Elvis Presley‟s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more ____46____ of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can be a(n)___47_____ influence in teens. It‟s important to take an active approach when ____48_____ your teen‟s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing ___49_____. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what ____50____ can be found in certain songs.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Gallup used to conduct a poll(投票) that asked students to name the school subject that they considered to be the most difficult. Not ____51____, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult? defines the word “difficult” as “not easily or readily done; requiring much ____52___ or planning to be performed successfully.”This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and persistence. For many students, math is not something that comes ___53_____. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and ___54_____.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don‟t make their own timelines, they can ___55____ the time as the teacher moves on to the next topic.In fact, there is also an element of brain style in the big picture, according to many scientists. They believe that people are born with ___56____math understanding skills. Logical, left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in sequential bits, while artistic, intuitive, right-brainers are more ___57____. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. so left-brain students may grasp concepts __58____ while right-brain students don‟t. To the right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are mot always ___59____ enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.Math know-how is also cumulative(积累), which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough ___60___ in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon”another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn ____61___ for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our ___62__. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become ___63___ before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don‟t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. ___64____, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might ___65_____ complete failure at some point.51. A. surprisingly B. interestingly C. necessarily D. similarly52. A. emotion B. labor C. curiosity D. money53. A. regularly B. possibly C. automatically D. secretly54. A. space B. confidence C. character D. energy55. A. make up for B. run out of C. take advantage of D. add up to56. A. steady B. abstract C. different D. sharp57. A. negative B. global C. simple D. specific58. A. quickly B. typically C. patiently D. strangely59. A. reminded about B. exposed to C. blessed with D. accused of60. A. praises B. scores C. material D. blocks61. A. conditions B. rules C. aims D. choices62. A. thought B. attitude C. foundation D. source63. A. native B. accessible C. firm D. superior64. A. In addition B. In contrast C. For example D. In result65. A. realize B. acknowledge C. suffer D. regretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)October 17, 1989 is a day San Francisco will never forget. On that day, an uncommon number of tragedies took place. It was also a day when total strangers became linked. The story of Jim Betts and Julio Berumen is a moving example of one such meeting.On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist. Also in the car was her son six-year-old Julio and their family friend Yolanda. Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck. Without warning, the earth began to shake.The damage was terrible. Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubber. Streets cracked and buildings collapsed. At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.Then as quickly as it started, the earthquake stopped. The Berumens‟s car had been crushed be the steel. Petra and Yolanda were killed instantly. Cathy escaped unhurt but Julio, though still alive, was in danger. Not only was his right leg pinned down by the steel, he was also squeezed between the dead bodies of his mother and Yolanda.Rescuers had calmed Julio by the time Jim Betts, a doctor from Oakland Hospital, arrived. For two hours, Jim tried to free Julio with two bare hands. He did not stop to worry about the fact that aftershocks could send the highway to the ground. As soon as Julio was breathing, Jim kept working. However, Julio was languishing. Jim realized that he had only one choice. He would have to cut the boy‟s right leg at the knee. Conditions were far from ideal. It was hot inside the car. Darkness had fallen outside.With great care, Jim started the operation. He had to try risky methods. Finally Julio was free.Those hours on the highway were like a nightmare. Jim said: “If my family members were up there badly hurt, they would urgently need help like that.” Though the day the earthquake tore many things apart, it also brought brave people together.66. The San Francisco earthquake was an uncommon event for Julio and Jim because _________.A. the earth shook violently and suddenlyB. they became linked unexpectedlyC. they neither could see the broken highwayD. they both lost their family members67. In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was _________.A. about to dieB. complaining about the painC. losing his voiceD. crying68. According to the passage, Jim _________.A. successfully performed the operationB. had necessary equipment to rescue JulioC. was able to save Julio‟s right legD. had one family member operated on69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The Berumens were trying to leave the dangerous city when the earthquake struck.B. Two people of the Berumen family finally survived from the earthquake.C. Knowing aftershocks would come soon, Jim tried to rescue Julio from the car.D. The conditions were agreeable enough for Jim to perform the operation.(B)At the end of the year, our magazine is revealing our annual food and shopping predictions based on our research.Grazing Golden-Agers:Ninety-one percent of people say they snack daily, according to Nielsen. While snacking is onthe rise among all ages and genders, research shows that snacking among consumers over the age of 65 could contribute to additional years with a higher quality of life. We‟ll see more boomers-those raised in the “three square meals a day” period-employ a “grazing” approach to eating foods rich in nutrients like protein, fiber and Omega3 that can help promote bone health.Same-Day Delivery Not Just for City Clickers:Online grocery shopping and delivery has become a crowded space, with a host of services competing for consumer attention. This trend allows everyone who sells food to be in the same-day delivery business without having to add additional operational facilities. Look for Google Shopping Express to put every supermarket in the same day delivery business and change consumer behavior to shop online for food to be delivered to homes fresh for each meal. You now can throw your refrigerator away!The Rise of Fermented Foods:The next year will be the year when fermented (发酵的) foods-foods like yogurt, pickles(泡菜) take center stage. These foods contain live cultures, or are preserved in liquid so their sugars and other seasonings can become bacteria-promoting agents. In fact, a survey has found that nearly 50 percent of Americans have shown interest in fermented foods, who, especially those over 60s, have improved a lot in digestion. However, if treated inappropriately, the bacteria hidden in these foods might have our hospitals full of sick dinners. Therefore make sure to study the cooking skills well before you these foods.Supermarkets change into Socializing Spaces:Supermarkets have evolved from straightforward centers where consumers could buy groceries to providers of lifestyle. Supermarkets are developing a variety of services that help to establish each outlet as a showcase of lifestyle trends. A desi re to be “all things food” to their customers, young and old, is positioning the supermarkets as head to head competitors with chain and local restaurants. Cooking classes, and online home-made recipes are also giving consumers reasons beyond a grocery list to step inside their neighborhood supermarkets instead of a local restaurant.70. The passage advises readers to give up refrigerator because_____A. people eat more snacks which don‟t have to be put in refrigeratorsB. the refrigerators has become useless operational facilities for food sellersC. food can be sent to customers within short time and freezing is not neededD. Fermented foods can be kept in normal temperature for much more time.71. For fermented foods, people must guarantee that______A. live cultures should be introduced while eating themB. these help in digestion should be introduced to the publicC. bacteria should be killed before being put into the foodsD. cooking should be conducted carefully to avoid disease72. It is implied in the last paragraph that______A. supermarkets sell recipes for trendy lifestyle to customersB. supermarkets used to be friends of chain and local restaurantsC. people can apply for cooking classes and obtain recipes in supermarketsD. Cooking classes encourage people to make food rather than dine out73. The two trends that are particularly good for the elderly are_____A. eating snacks and fermented foodsB. eating snacks and one-day deliveryC. one-day delivery and socializing supermarketsD. fermented foods and socializing supermarkets(C)Today, home-ownership has reached extremely high levels. Modern generations tend to believe there is something wrong with them if they rent. However, is high home-ownership really as people imagine? Staring at data first, we realize that the most successful, stable, attractive country in the Western world is Switzerland. It has tiny unemployment; wealth; high happiness and mental-health scores. Does it have high home-ownership rates? Absolutely not. In Switzerland, about seven in ten of the population are renters. Yet, with Europe‟s lowest home-ownership rate, the nation thrives. Now go to the other end of the misery distribution. Spain has approximately the highest home-ownership rate in Europe (at more than 80%). But one-quarter of its population are unemployed.A likely reason is that high levels of home-ownership mess up the labour market. In a sensibly functioning economy it is easy for people to move around to drop into the vibrant job slots thrown up by technological change. With a high degree of owner-occupation, everything slows. Folk get stuck. Renters can go to new jobs. In that way they do the economy a favours. As Friedman said, the rate of unemployment depends on the flexibility of the housing market.Next we come to economic breakdown. Most analysts accept that at heart it was the housing market-obsessive pursuit of homes, the engendered mortgage(房贷) lending and an unavoidable house-price crash-that sank the Western world. Germany, say, with its more efficient rental market, had a far smoother ride through trouble.As for the monetary system, in the past few decades, in the hope of getting untaxed capital gains way above their true labour earnings, many people threw their spare cash into buying larger houses or building extra bedrooms. TV programmes about how to make easy money, beautiful rising house prices, and most importantly, our faulty tax system encouraged that. When at some point market broke down, everyone suffered. Our countries ought, instead, to design tax systems that encourage people to invest in productive real activities and in innovation. Renting leaves money free for better purposes.That also points to the role of sensible budgeting over a person‟s lifetime. Why should we think that when we die it is necessary to have paid off an entire house? Our children do not deserve it. Let them pay for themselves. We should rent-and enjoy our lives with the money saved.Finally, moderation usually pays off. Our scientific understanding of how economies function is horribly limited. This suggests that the golden rule should be to avoid extremes. A50-50mix of home-ownership and renting, not the 70-30 split that is now observed in so many Western nations, makes sense.74. The cases of Switzerland and Spain prove that_____A. low home-ownership rate at about 30% is most favourable for economyB. home-ownership mainly decides a country‟s citizens‟ mental healthC. home-ownership has a lot to do with a country‟s technological developmentD. low home-ownership increases the mobility of job market and economy75. The main reason to make people invest in housing market is____A. the problematic taxing approach favouring house buyingB. people‟s des ire to avoid their money from devaluingC. easy channels to obtain methods to make easy moneyD. people‟s wishes to live in large and more comfortable houses76. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Switzerland suffers the worse unemployment in EuropeB. Renting allows more money into more creative economic activitesC. Germany‟s effective mortgage system saw it through the western economic crisisD. Our children have the right to enjoy the housing property we have paid off77. What opinion does the author agree with most?A. People should learn the workings of housing marketB. Laws should be set up to stop people from buying housesC. An adequate rate of home-ownership should be keptD. People should follow the good example of Europe in housing investmentSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.But rather than displaying hunting scenes, new evidence suggests that the images actually represent the frightening sounds which came from the mouths of the caves.US researcher Steven Waller believes that the echoes(回声) of clapping outside the cave would have sounded like hundreds of animal feet drumming on the ground. He proposes that the caves were preserved for their sound properties, which prehistoric peoples mistook for supernatural noises.Ancient stories explained echoes from the mouths of certain giant caves as replies from spirits, so our ancestors chose to decorate these caves with paintings believing that they were inhabited by spirits and gods.Beside animal sounds, many ancient cultures attributed thunder in the sky to …thunder gods,‟ so it makes sense that some lasting echoes within the caves were interpreted as thunder and inspired paintings of those thunder gods on cave walls.The idea is also supported by audio theory, which shows statistically significant similarities between the rock are sites and modern sound reflection equipment.As for the presence of the famous Stonehenge(巨石阵) in Britain, Mr. Walker also suggests it may have been the sound of the prehistoric monument, rather than the sight, that inspired its creation.He claims that its architects may have been trying to recreate a sound-effect similar to the ritual sound made during religious dancing.People taking part in a religious dance around a pair of pipes would have heard the music grow quieter as they moved past certain pipes due to a natural phenomenon known as an …interference pattern.‟ If they were blindfold, it would have created the illusion that the sound wasintermittently being reduced by invisible gods as they danced. According to Dr. Walker, the effects became so impressive that ancient people attempted to capture it in store. Therefore the Stonehenge appeared.However some British experts said that it was clear that Stonehenge had been created over several centuries rather than being …thrown up overnight.‟They claimed that there was no question in the traditional view that lining up along the mid-summer sunrise and mid-winter sunset was the ultimate purpose for its building.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. According to ancient people, who lived in the big caves?79. Modern sound science finds that ____ and _____ have much in common.80. According to Walker, how was the sound made weaker during religious dancing?81. The traditional view believes that Stonehenge was built in order to ______.II卷（共47分）I．Translation(22分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 玛丽的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。

闸北区--2015届上海高三英语一模试卷及答案

闸北区2014学年度第一学期高三英语学科期末练习卷（2014.12.30）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear the conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On University campus B. in a department storeC. In a Community ServiceD. On a street2. A. Husband and wife B. Headmaster and teacherC. Teacher and parentD. Shop assistant and customers3.A. Spring B. Summer C. Autumn D. Winter4. A. Interesting B. Positive C. Opposite D. Boring5. A. She was terribly sick.B. She arrived for work narrowly.C. She walked to work every day.D. She was always late for work.6. A. The woman shouldn’t let her daughter wear so scary clothes.B. Her daughter’s Halloween dress wasn’t smart enough.C. She couldn’t have spent too much money on the dress.D. She couldn’t encourage her daughter to celebrate Halloween.7. A. Playing tennis.B. Writing term paper.C. Gathering materials.D. Holding a meeting.8. A. Gaby was a good neighbour.B. Gaby didn’t think highly of his neighbours.C. Gaby often told wrong stories.D. Gary often quarrels with his neighbours.9. A. 40. B. 60. C. 80. D. 120.10. A. The woman pretends to be pregnant.B. Men here are not polite enough.C. Men aren’t allowed to smoke here.D. The woman shouldn’t complain about the men here.Section BDirections: in Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They cooked a meal excellently with given ingredients.B. They were recommended by Manchester restaurant.C. They were asked to replace two former high quality chefs.D. They were selected by the school parents board.12. A. The cost of the meal has risen.B. Some pupils complained about the meal.C. Children get bored with the meals at home.D. The chefs can’t handle so many meals a day.13. A. Because they are from a famous restaurant.B. Because they pay attention to what pupils like.C. Because they are highly paid.D. Because they are good at communicating with parents.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Looking like humans. B. Having two wheels.C. Being mobile and communicative.D. Having essential working ability.15. A. 82. B. 86. C. 273. D. 300.16. A. They got there through a land bridge.B. They got there on foot.C. They got there by the sea.D. They got there following animals’ footprints.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation:Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation:II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider (25)_________(sit) by the window the next time you eat out.A new book claims that (26)________ you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.A New research found that people sitting farthest from the front door ate the fewest salads and were 73 percent (27)________(likely) to order dessert.Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more of it (28)______ diners seated at bright bar tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.According to the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisible you (29)______ feel, the less easy it is to see how much you’re eating and the less guilty you are when you eat more.In contrast, (30) ________(see) the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of (31)________ you look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.The researchers also noted that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in the time (32)_________ takes for the brain to register satisfaction.(B)Beijing’s annoying smog(雾) seems to have hurt the city’s appeal to tourists. Last year, Beijing Youth Daily reported that the number of visitors to Beijing (33)_________(fall) 50 percent since January. It’s said that the city’s bad air quality was to blame for the decline. It’s also more difficult (34) _______(attract) high-end employees to work in Beijing, especially those with children.However, the blanket of poisonous smog hasn’t hurt Beijing’s office market, (35)_______ has jumped up quickly on a global ranking to become the fourth-most-expensive location to rent office space in the world. According to a recent research, office space in Beijing’s Central Business District costs (36)________ average $1,412 per square meter per year.That’s more expensive than No.5-rankes central Tokyo or No.6-rangked Madison & Fifth Avenues in New York. The research took into consideration both (37)________ (publish) rental rates and “additional costs,” which include agent fees and (38)_________costs to make the deal happen.London (39)_________ (remain) the world’s most expensive city in which to rent office space. Hong Kong, home to the priciest office space in Asia, comes in second globally. The cities (40)___________(experience) the highest annual growth in office rental rates are both in South Africa with 40 percent rate rise for Durban and 44 percent for Sandton.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no ____41_____. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past---when music was ___42_____ through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical ___43_____. But mow that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the internet, parents are less likely to be ____44____ of what their teens are listening to.Today, it’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years people used to be ___45_____ against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more ____46____ of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can be a(n)___47_____ influence in teens. It’s important to take an active approach when ____48_____ your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing ___49_____. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what ____50____ can be found in certain songs.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Gallup used to conduct a poll(投票) that asked students to name the school subject that they considered to be the most difficult. Not ____51____, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult? defines the word “difficult” as “not easily or readily done; requiring much ____52___ or planning to be performed successfully.”This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and persistence. For many students, math is not something that comes ___53_____. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and ___54_____.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don’t make their own timelines, they can ___55____ the time as the teacher moves on to the next topic.In fact, there is also an element of brain style in the big picture, according to many scientists. They believe that people are born with ___56____math understanding skills. Logical, left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in sequential bits, while artistic, intuitive, right-brainers aremore ___57____. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. so left-brain students may grasp concepts __58____ while right-brain students don’t. To the right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are mot always ___59____ enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.Math know-how is also cumulative(积累), which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough ___60___ in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon”another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn ____61___ for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our ___62__. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become ___63___ before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don’t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. ___64____, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might ___65_____ complete failure at some point.51. A. surprisingly B. interestingly C. necessarily D. similarly52. A. emotion B. labor C. curiosity D. money53. A. regularly B. possibly C. automatically D. secretly54. A. space B. confidence C. character D. energy55. A. make up for B. run out of C. take advantage of D. add up to56. A. steady B. abstract C. different D. sharp57. A. negative B. global C. simple D. specific58. A. quickly B. typically C. patiently D. strangely59. A. reminded about B. exposed to C. blessed with D. accused of60. A. praises B. scores C. material D. blocks61. A. conditions B. rules C. aims D. choices62. A. thought B. attitude C. foundation D. source63. A. native B. accessible C. firm D. superior64. A. In addition B. In contrast C. For example D. In result65. A. realize B. acknowledge C. suffer D. regretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)October 17, 1989 is a day San Francisco will never forget. On that day, an uncommon number of tragedies took place. It was also a day when total strangers became linked. The story of Jim Betts and Julio Berumen is a moving example of one such meeting.On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist. Also in the car was her son six-year-old Julio and their family friend Yolanda. Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck. Without warning, the earth began to shake.The damage was terrible. Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubber. Streets cracked and buildings collapsed. At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.Then as quickly as it started, the earthquake stopped. The Berumens’s car had been crushed be the steel. Petra and Yolanda were killed instantly. Cathy escaped unhurt but Julio, though still alive, was in danger. Not only was his right leg pinned down by the steel, he was also squeezed between the dead bodies of his mother and Yolanda.Rescuers had calmed Julio by the time Jim Betts, a doctor from Oakland Hospital, arrived. For two hours, Jim tried to free Julio with two bare hands. He did not stop to worry about the fact that aftershocks could send the highway to the ground. As soon as Julio was breathing, Jim kept working. However, Julio was languishing. Jim realized that he had only one choice. He would have to cut the boy’s right leg at the knee. Conditions were far from ideal. It was hot inside the car. Darkness had fallen outside.With great care, Jim started the operation. He had to try risky methods. Finally Julio was free.Those hours on the highway were like a nightmare. Jim said: “If my family members were up there badly hurt, they would urgently need help like that.” Though the day the earthquake tore many things apart, it also brought brave people together.66. The San Francisco earthquake was an uncommon event for Julio and Jim because _________.A. the earth shook violently and suddenlyB. they became linked unexpectedlyC. they neither could see the broken highwayD. they both lost their family members67. In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was _________.A. about to dieB. complaining about the painC. losing his voiceD. crying68. According to the passage, Jim _________.A. successfully performed the operationB. had necessary equipment to rescue JulioC. was able to save Julio’s right legD. had one family member operated on69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The Berumens were trying to leave the dangerous city when the earthquake struck.B. Two people of the Berumen family finally survived from the earthquake.C. Knowing aftershocks would come soon, Jim tried to rescue Julio from the car.D. The conditions were agreeable enough for Jim to perform the operation.(B)At the end of the year, our magazine is revealing our annual food and shopping predictions based on our research.Grazing Golden-Agers:Ninety-one percent of people say they snack daily, according to Nielsen. While snacking is on the rise among all ages and genders, research shows that snacking among consumers over the age of 65 could contribute to additional years with a higher quality of life. We’ll see more boomers-those raised in the “three square meals a day” period-employ a “grazing” approach toeating foods rich in nutrients like protein, fiber and Omega3 that can help promote bone health.Same-Day Delivery Not Just for City Clickers:Online grocery shopping and delivery has become a crowded space, with a host of services competing for consumer attention. This trend allows everyone who sells food to be in the same-day delivery business without having to add additional operational facilities. Look for Google Shopping Express to put every supermarket in the same day delivery business and change consumer behavior to shop online for food to be delivered to homes fresh for each meal. You now can throw your refrigerator away!The Rise of Fermented Foods:The next year will be the year when fermented (发酵的) foods-foods like yogurt, pickles(泡菜) take center stage. These foods contain live cultures, or are preserved in liquid so their sugars and other seasonings can become bacteria-promoting agents. In fact, a survey has found that nearly 50 percent of Americans have shown interest in fermented foods, who, especially those over 60s, have improved a lot in digestion. However, if treated inappropriately, the bacteria hidden in these foods might have our hospitals full of sick dinners. Therefore make sure to study the cooking skills well before you these foods.Supermarkets change into Socializing Spaces:Supermarkets have evolved from straightforward centers where consumers could buy groceries to providers of lifestyle. Supermarkets are developing a variety of services that help to establish each outlet as a showcase of lifestyle trends. A desi re to be “all things food” to their customers, young and old, is positioning the supermarkets as head to head competitors with chain and local restaurants. Cooking classes, and online home-made recipes are also giving consumers reasons beyond a grocery list to step inside their neighborhood supermarkets instead of a local restaurant.70. The passage advises readers to give up refrigerator because_____A. people eat more snacks which don’t have to be put in refrigeratorsB. the refrigerators has become useless operational facilities for food sellersC. food can be sent to customers within short time and freezing is not neededD. Fermented foods can be kept in normal temperature for much more time.71. For fermented foods, people must guarantee that______A. live cultures should be introduced while eating themB. these help in digestion should be introduced to the publicC. bacteria should be killed before being put into the foodsD. cooking should be conducted carefully to avoid disease72. It is implied in the last paragraph that______A. supermarkets sell recipes for trendy lifestyle to customersB. supermarkets used to be friends of chain and local restaurantsC. people can apply for cooking classes and obtain recipes in supermarketsD. Cooking classes encourage people to make food rather than dine out73. The two trends that are particularly good for the elderly are_____A. eating snacks and fermented foodsB. eating snacks and one-day deliveryC. one-day delivery and socializing supermarketsD. fermented foods and socializing supermarkets(C)Today, home-ownership has reached extremely high levels. Modern generations tend to believe there is something wrong with them if they rent. However, is high home-ownership really as people imagine? Staring at data first, we realize that the most successful, stable, attractive country in the Western world is Switzerland. It has tiny unemployment; wealth; high happiness and mental-health scores. Does it have high home-ownership rates? Absolutely not. In Switzerland, about seven in ten of the population are renters. Yet, with Europe’s lowest home-ownership rate, the nation thrives. Now go to the other end of the misery distribution. Spain has approximately the highest home-ownership rate in Europe (at more than 80%). But one-quarter of its population are unemployed.A likely reason is that high levels of home-ownership mess up the labour market. In a sensibly functioning economy it is easy for people to move around to drop into the vibrant job slots thrown up by technological change. With a high degree of owner-occupation, everything slows. Folk get stuck. Renters can go to new jobs. In that way they do the economy a favours. As Friedman said, the rate of unemployment depends on the flexibility of the housing market.Next we come to economic breakdown. Most analysts accept that at heart it was the housing market-obsessive pursuit of homes, the engendered mortgage(房贷) lending and an unavoidable house-price crash-that sank the Western world. Germany, say, with its more efficient rental market, had a far smoother ride through trouble.As for the monetary system, in the past few decades, in the hope of getting untaxed capital gains way above their true labour earnings, many people threw their spare cash into buying larger houses or building extra bedrooms. TV programmes about how to make easy money, beautiful rising house prices, and most importantly, our faulty tax system encouraged that. When at some point market broke down, everyone suffered. Our countries ought, instead, to design tax systems that encourage people to invest in productive real activities and in innovation. Renting leaves money free for better purposes.That also points to the role of sensible budgeting over a person’s lifetime. Why should we think that when we die it is necessary to have paid off an entire house? Our children do not deserve it. Let them pay for themselves. We should rent-and enjoy our lives with the money saved.Finally, moderation usually pays off. Our scientific understanding of how economies function is horribly limited. This suggests that the golden rule should be to avoid extremes. A50-50mix of home-ownership and renting, not the 70-30 split that is now observed in so many Western nations, makes sense.74. The cases of Switzerland and Spain prove that_____A. low home-ownership rate at about 30% is most favourable for economyB. home-ownership mainly decides a country’s citizens’ mental healthC. home-ownership has a lot to do with a country’s technological developmentD. low home-ownership increases the mobility of job market and economy75. The main reason to make people invest in housing market is____A. the problematic taxing approach favouring house buyingB. people’s des ire to avoid their money from devaluingC. easy channels to obtain methods to make easy moneyD. people’s wishes to live in large and more comfortable houses76. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Switzerland suffers the worse unemployment in EuropeB. Renting allows more money into more creative economic activitesC. Germany’s effective mortgage system saw it through the western economic crisisD. Our children have the right to enjoy the housing property we have paid off77. What opinion does the author agree with most?A. People should learn the workings of housing marketB. Laws should be set up to stop people from buying housesC. An adequate rate of home-ownership should be keptD. People should follow the good example of Europe in housing investmentSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.But rather than displaying hunting scenes, new evidence suggests that the images actually represent the frightening sounds which came from the mouths of the caves.US researcher Steven Waller believes that the echoes(回声) of clapping outside the cave would have sounded like hundreds of animal feet drumming on the ground. He proposes that the caves were preserved for their sound properties, which prehistoric peoples mistook for supernatural noises.Ancient stories explained echoes from the mouths of certain giant caves as replies from spirits, so our ancestors chose to decorate these caves with paintings believing that they were inhabited by spirits and gods.Beside animal sounds, many ancient cultures attributed thunder in the sky to ‘thunder gods,’ so it makes sense that some lasting echoes within the caves were interpreted as thunder and inspired paintings of those thunder gods on cave walls.The idea is also supported by audio theory, which shows statistically significant similarities between the rock are sites and modern sound reflection equipment.As for the presence of the famous Stonehenge(巨石阵) in Britain, Mr. Walker also suggests it may have been the sound of the prehistoric monument, rather than the sight, that inspired its creation.He claims that its architects may have been trying to recreate a sound-effect similar to the ritual sound made during religious dancing.People taking part in a religious dance around a pair of pipes would have heard the music grow quieter as they moved past certain pipes due to a natural phenomenon known as an ‘interference pattern.’ If they were blindfold, it would have created the illusion that t he sound was intermittently being reduced by invisible gods as they danced. According to Dr. Walker, the effects became so impressive that ancient people attempted to capture it in store. Therefore the Stonehenge appeared.However some British experts said that it was clear that Stonehenge had been created over several centuries rather than being ‘thrown up overnight.’They claimed that there was no question in the traditional view that lining up along the mid-summer sunrise and mid-winter sunset was the ultimate purpose for its building.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. According to ancient people, who lived in the big caves?79. Modern sound science finds that ____ and _____ have much in common.80. According to Walker, how was the sound made weaker during religious dancing?81. The traditional view believes that Stonehenge was built in order to ______.II卷（共47分）I．Translation(22分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 玛丽的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。

2015届闸北区高三英语二模试卷及答案(官方版)

闸北区2015年第二次高考模拟考试试卷高三英语I. Listening Comprehension（30分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. She should watch on her weight. B. She can sometimes eat at will.C. She is already overweight.D. She should avoid sweet food.2. A. At the Emergency Room. B. At the grocery store.C. At the dentist’s.D. At a decade-old toast shop.3. A. 20. B. 30. C. 35. D. 45.4. A. On the phone. B. By text. C. Online. D. Face to face.5. A. Furniture shop assistant. B. House agent.C. Insurance agent.D. Carpenter.6. A. Tickets bought online are cheaper.B. It’s hard to buy the tickets at the box office.C. Free pamphlets provide discounts for the Ballet.D. The Ballet show could be watched online.7. A. There are all together three sections for the exam.B. She failed to finish the exam within time.C. She was poor at multiple choices.D. She performed well in the physics exam.8. A. It is too expensive a trip.B. It’s a pity he can’t take his family with him on the trip.C. The trip takes too much time.D. He doesn’t enjoy going to New Zealand for a trip.9. A. Stay up late for exams.B. Don’t pay too much attention to exams.C. Study hard throughout the term.D. Give up on the math test.10. A. Relaxed B. Calm. C. Excited. D. Nervous.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on eachof the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Relationship problems. B. Low working productivity.C. Poor income.D. Depression.12. A. 6%. B. 10%. C. 15%. D. 26%.13. A. The poor treatment received from National Health Service.B. Patients’ inability to go to bed with a teddy bear.C. The bad quality of the mattress patients use.D. The tension they suffer from in lives.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because they were in need of clothes and food.B. Because they wanted to find honey.C. Because they wanted to take revenge.D. Because they intended to occupy the village.15. A. Because they migrated from Africa.B. Because they are a rare group surviving on the Andamans.C. Because they store precious honey.D. Because their DNA is valuable for scientific study.16. A. They want to learn local language. B. They come to see the outside world.C. They are chasing away outsiders.D. They need drinks and cigarettes.Section CDirections:In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation:Complete the report form. WRITE ONE WORD for each answer.House let MemoSecurity measures: Gate ___17___ & security company.Kitchen facilities: Stove, fridge, toaster, NO ___18___.Garden maintenance : Watering & removing ___19___.Rent: 1000 per month with ___20___ excluded.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation:Complete the form. WRITE NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Long distances from ___21___.What was the shortage of the four existing presidentiallibraries in Kennedy’s time?What did Kennedy Library primarily hold? ___22___of Kennedy government.What was the Library intended to become? ___23___Where did the construction fees come from? ___24___.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Being skinny is not beautiful but being healthy is. Most young people, unfortunately, (25)______(convince) that being thin, and therefore being stylish is a major way of maintaining self-worth. To make the matter worse, they might take this so far that they are likely to end up (26)______ eating disorders.Eating disorders are psychological illnesses defined by abnormal eating habits, (27)______ may involve either insufficient or too much food intake to the damage of an individual's physical and mental health. Bulimia nervosa(暴食症) and anorexia nervosa（食欲匮乏）are the (28)______(common) forms of eating disorders.(29)______ diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are well under a healthy bodyweight. But patients with bulimia nervosa may have a body weight that falls within the range from normal to overweight.(30)_____ primarily thought of as affecting females, eating disorders influence males as well.The precise cause of eating disorders is not entirely understood, but (31)______ is agreed that the disease is linked to other medical conditions and situations. Besides, cultural idealization of thinness and youthfulness also contributes to (32)______(reduce) weight forcefully. The problem has affected a large population worldwide.(B)A new report said middle class workers could still be working (33)______ ______ they are at the age of 70, to help out their grown up children.Middle class workers (34)______(age) 50 and above are being forced to delay their retirement, with many blaming their children, a report revealed yesterday.To many middle class workers, (35)______ bothered them from work couldn't compare with the possibility that they might postpone their retirement date by around five years.It is not just the rising cost of living that is causing the delay. Many pointed to the fact that they are constantly having to provide for their grown-up children at an age (36)______ they assumed they should be financially independent.Actually, one in five middle class workers (37)______ keep working in order to support their children.Many workers struggled all along to the retirement date, only (38)______(realize) that they had to switch to a part-time working pattern, also called semi-retirement. Rarely (39)______ people hear of the concept of semi-retirement in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s and 60s, regarded as (40)______ sign of the country’s on-going worsening economy.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A peak B. prospect C. intense D. indicating E. mildF. uncertaintyG. unusuallyH. complicatedI. appliedJ. prepareK. modelA drop in the sun's radiation can cause cold winters in parts of North America and Europe, scientists say, a finding that could improve long-range forecasts and help countries ___41___ for storms.Scientists have known for a long time that the sun has an 11-year cycle during which radiation from the sun reaches a(n) ___42___ then falls. But detecting a clear link of the cycle to the weather has proved much ___43___ ."Our research notices a link between solar activities and regional winter climate," lead author Sarah Ineson of the UK Met Office told the reporters in an email.Her team focused on the data from the recent minimum solar radiation period during 2008-10, which was a(n) ___44___ calm period for the sun but at the same time, ___45___ winters in the U.S and Europe were recorded which brought troubles to many businesses and made people’s lives difficult.The researchers found that a reduction in radiation from the sun can affect wind patterns , ___46___ cold winters."While radiation levels won't tell us what the day-to-day weather will be, they provide the exciting ___47___of improved prediction for winter conditions for months and even years ahead. These predictions play an important role in long-term weather planning," Ineson said.Ineson's team used the data in a complex computer to ___48___ long-term weather patterns. It successfully reproduced what scientists had observed happening in the upper atmosphere during changes in solar radiation. More study was needed, though. The key ___49___ in the experiment lay in the satellite data used, because it spans(跨度) only a few years. "So there are still questions concerning whether the current research results are accurate and whether they can be ___50___ to other solar cycles," she said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Recently, Pew Research Center announced that over a quarter of Americans have shared a selfie online. Unsurprisingly, the practice of photographing oneself and sharing that image via social media has ___51___ among all age groups. Evidence of its mainstream nature is seen in other aspects of our culture too. Last year, "selfie" was not only added to the Oxford English Dictionary, but also named Word of the Year.Yet, despite the huge number of people practicing it, ___52___ is also surrounding selfie. An assumption that sharing selfies is embarrassing runs throughout the journalistic and scholarly coverage on the topic. Negative words like "self-centered" and "___53___" have inevitably become a part of any conversation about selfies among scholars.But, over a quarter of all Americans are relying on it. Why? The usual reasons given by scholars—self-center and fame-seeking—seem too ___54___ to explain such a crowd acting. There is always more to a social cultural practice than what ___55___.Simply put, physical and digital technology make it possible. The idea that technology ___56___ the social world and our lives has been recognized by people. To some extent, world is shaped by technological revolutions. The selfie is not a(n) ___57___ form of expression. Artists have created self-portraits for centuries, from cave to oil paintings, to early photography and modern art. People are ___58___ their feelings and thoughts through certain media. What's original about today's selfie is its public popularity. Technological advancement ___59___ the self-portrait used to be restricted to the art world and gave it to the masses. Those digital front-facing cameras, social media platforms, and wireless communications conveniently available make selfie a job ___60___ any time anywhere.Besides, We are not ___61___ beings living by ourselves. We are social beings who live in social communities, and as such, our lives are fundamentally formed by social relations with other people. As photos meant to be ___62___, selfies are not individual acts; they are social gestures. Selfies, as well as our presence on social media generally, are a part of “identity work"--the work that we do on a daily basis to ___63___ that we are seen by others as we wish to be seen. In fact, the crafting and display of identity has long been understood as a social process. The selfies we take and show are to present a ___64___ image of us so as to become a part of our identity formation and ___65___.51. A. flowered B. returned C. imposed D. functioned52. A. negotiation B. criticism C. regret D. punishment53. A. self-contained B. self-evident C. self-absorbed D. self-financed54. A. necessary B. smart C. certain D. shallow55. A. meets the eye B. takes the lead C. raises the alarm D. makes the point56. A. operates B. produces C. structures D. ruins57. A. advanced B. new C. intelligent D. available58. A. offering B. revising C. inspiring D. conveying59. A. liberated B. tagged C. honoured D. maintained60. A. at length B. with ease C. at large D. with regards61. A. isolated B. courageous C. traditional D. civilized62. A. saved B. shared C. updated D. deleted63. A. claim B. suppose C. ensure D. signal64. A. fashionable B. skillful C. mysterious D. particular65. A. summary B. evaluation C. monitoring D. exhibitionSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits bestaccording to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jack looked up and saw in the distance red and green navigation lights coming towards them and knew it must be a naval patrol(巡逻) boat because of its speed. As the humming of the boat’s powerful engines drew closer, Jack bent down.Jack then let out a frightened cry as the brilliant beam of a searchlight broke the darkness and swept the fishing boat from head to tail. By its reflected light, Jack could clearly see the similar looks on the faces of other bent ones.Jack knew that if the patrol boat came close enough, its men would surely see the people hidden in the fishing boat. To collect himself, he leaned his head a little so that he could see Derek standing in the head of the boat, holding the tiller(舵柄). Derek managed to wave back at the patrol boat as if he had not a care in the world. How imperturbable he was!Someone on board the patrol boat switched on a loud speaker and a voice, made harsh and thin by its horn, demanded,” Where are you bound?”Derek shrugged and shouted back, “Tell me where the fish run and I’ll tell you where I am bound.”The noise of idling engines drowned his voice.“Say again!” barked the speaker.“Anywhere where there’s fish!” Derek shouted back. There was a pause. The boats drifted closer to each other.“Why aren’t you showing navigation lights?”Jack watched as Derek pretended to look puzzled and leant out over the side as if to see what they said were true. “They must have blown out,” he apologized with a shrug. “I’ll light them again as soon as you stop rocking me about like this.”Aboard the patrol boat, the captain was wondering if it would be worthwhile searching this old fishing boat for stowaways as how many breathing souls could such a shabby boat hide? The radio suddenly cackled. Abruptly, without another word being exchanged, the light went out and the patrol boat started its engines, speeding off into the dark, leaving the fishing boat floating about in the water.66. Jack let out a scared cry because he ______.A. saw something in the seaB. was afraid of being discoveredC. was blinded by the bright lightsD. was scared by the faces of companions.67. The patrol boat captain did not search the fishing boat as he ______.A. didn’t find it worthwhileB. looked down upon the shabby old fishing boatC. trusted Derek very much.D. was called to another place via the radio68. The underlined word “imperturbable” in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.A. anxiousB. nervousC. calmD. sociable69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Derek didn’t realize that Jack and others hid in the fishing boat.B. The captain was suspicious of what Derek told him.C. The patrol boat approached the fishing boat to inspect illegal goods.D. Derek succeeded in covering up for the Jack and others on the boat.(B)You may read the questions first：Our booklet is bringing to you the world’s top sceneries:GrenadaKnown as the Island of Spice for its abundance of spicy plants and leaves,Grenada is one of the southernmost Windward Islands in the Caribbean Sea.Many of its spices have been destroyed by hurricanes in the last decade,though its spicy relics(遗迹) are still the inspirations of many master chefsworldwide. The central mountainous land’s cooler air and waterfalls producea near-constant cloud cover of freeze.Tucson, ArizonaA seeming paradise that claims to have 350 sunny days a year, Tucson boastsgeological beauty and hiking so fantastic that visitors can be tempted into afalse sense of security. Be warned: Get prepared for the heat as it isn’t unusualfor temperatures to rise higher than 110ºF (43ºC) in summer months, whenthe rocks can hold that heat well into the evening hours. Even your huntingdog will get sunburnedSouthern BelizeWith flash rainstorms that instantly fill the dirt roads and the wet that makes itone of the greenest places on Earth, this Maya wonderland is home to thelongest barrier reef(堡礁) in the Western globe, the unique uropygialis birdsand the deepest diving—the Blue Hole. Nonetheless it is the back roads of theToledo district, where rain forest meets the jungle, that truly inspire awe andjoy.Newfoundland, CanadaThis Canadian province, which sits at the eastern edge of North America,plays the home for 22 whale species and dozens of seabirds that play ingroups. While the capital city of St. John’s can be quite gentle, the actualisland of Newfoundland has more extreme and unpredictable weather moods.Don’t forget to bring your windbreakers and thick sweaters.GrimseyThis island across the Arctic Circle is the northernmost point of inhabitablespace in Iceland. It is a small, rocky island with little vegetation, only a fewhundred permanent residents, and cliffs teeming with arctic birds known aspuffins, which seem insensitive to the local extreme chill as they dive-bombfrom high on the rocks into the Arctic Ocean for food.Cuenca, SpainUniquely known as the walled city because of its “hanging houses” atop (oractually part of) walls carved out of a rocky hillside in the 15th century,Cuenca’s castle-like front sits above the Jucar River Valley, attracting visitorsworldwide. The houses, which bake in the high summer temperatures, arenow home to an abstract art museum reached by crossing a woodenpedestrian swinging bridge.70. The two places of interest that enjoy high temperatures are ______.A. Tucson and NewfoundlandB. Grenada and GrimseyC. Newfoudnland and CuencaD. Tucson and Cuenca71. The creature(s) mentioned in the booklet that is not afraid of cold weather is ______.A. uropygialis birdsB. whales and seabirdsC. puffin birds.D. hunting dog72. Cuenca’s major tourist attraction is ______.A. the hanging rocky face of an art museumB. a naturally formed castleC. the famous bakery in the summer timeD. a wooden pedestrian swinging bridge73. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the booklets?A. There are no people living in Grimsay due to the extreme whether.B. Grenada would especially appeal to the cooking fans.C. The most impressive focus of attraction in Southern Belize is the Blue Hole.D. People’s safety in Tucson can’t be guaranteed by the local government.(C)Trade has a pretty bad name in some quarters. Trade robs poor people of a proper living, and keeps them trapped in poverty. There is a widely held popular view that trade is unfair.Though many claim that a freer trade would change the current indecent reputation of world market, the cure-all free trade is the dream of most textbook economists. In fact, "Free trade" has been usedsuccessfully by powerful countries to land their mass-produced goods on fresh overseas dumping grounds and squeeze out local household businesses and craftsmanship.At home the story is different. Large firms have little appetite for free trade and competition in their own backyard. They prefer to enjoy the advantages and protections for which they have carefully earned. Free thus fierce competition has little appeal for those who understand that they will make more profit if they can corner the market, whether at home or abroad.By contrast, making trade fairer is about addressing both outcomes and processes of trade. Fairness is not just moral request. It affects behaviour. Actually the concept of fairness increases steadily as societies achieve greater market uprightness: Businessmen from upright societies are willing to punish those who do not play fair, even if this is costly to themselves.Fairer trade rather than freer trade could partly mend mal-administering of resources in certain areas. Though thought of as evil economic policies in the west world, carefully planned special preferences and protectionism could be used intelligently to help to block the economic robbery of the rich class in African countries, and to improve the lives of the bottom billion.Fairness is also important in the control of trade. The current International trade negotiations have resulted in rules favouring the powerful. The rules are made in negotiations in which the countries in control call the shots, and do not always do so in good faith. Industrialized countries were often found to have obtained definite and far-reaching commitments from developing countries, in exchange for vague promises, such as to liberalise agriculture, which they have not kept. On the other hand, the essence of the fair trade lies in the promise that every party benefit from the business, rich or poor, powerful or weak.Making trade fairer is important to avoid a further public hate against trade. It is also important so as better to balance trade goals with other important national goals such as environmental and social protection. Finally, the so-called free trade system needs to be made fairer so that it does not block competition, and crush innovation and business spirit. It needs to offer a more level playing field to commercial newcomers and competitors in rich and poor countries alike.74. Free trade is a concept at rich countries’ service to ______.A. open up new markets abroadB. define trade in the economic textbooksC. dump pollutants in poor countriesD. learn the skills from local household businesses.75. The key mechanism of fair trade is ______.A. punishing the rich countries when they cheat the poor countriesB. making sure that rich countries provide more chances for poor countriesC. promoting special preferences and protectionism in poor areasD. guaranteeing the common interests of all the dealers76. The underlined word “mal-administering” in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.A. macro-managementB. overall collectionC. uneven distributionD. negative mining77. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Large firms earn huge profits from free trade on domestic markets.B. Honest dealers would sacrifice their own interest to discipline the dishonest.C. Special preferences and protectionism are occasionally adopted in western countries.D. A fairer trade helps to ease competition between the rich and the poor.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Few would argue that there has not been significant technological progress in the field of self-driving cars in recent years. Aside from the technology question, the legislative issue gives the world a worse headache. The content of the trouble centres on the question of who is to blame in a crash. The legal field tends to have the owners take responsibility for the messes their cold lifeless machine makes, for which case an explosion of lawsuits are well expected.Today, many of the car manufacturers and their suppliers are researching self-driving technology, but it is unclear why they would want to roll it out quickly. A consumer in America, for example, uses his or her car for approximately one hour per day. There is, therefore, a large amount of "free capacity" in the personal vehicle use market. Imagine a world where you can be driven to work, and where your car can then turn around and drive home so that your partner or anybody else can use it during the day. This shared use pattern could certainly stop the need to own a second car. Taken to its logical conclusion, it could even be the biggest reason to eliminate the need to own a car at all. The effects on car sales volumes could be destructive.The possible violation of privacy is also a big issue on the map. We all know that consumer data is big business. A self-driving car would easily log where you visited, the time of the day you went, and much more. Though your purchase preferences might escape secret peeping, the leakage of your whereabouts seems inevitable as it’s hard to do what you are always doing to your smartphone toward the sole tool of transportation. Power off the big steel fellow and you are stuck on the road. The now excitedly expecting public are sure to be annoyed soon.Much discussed, the poor application of the technology outweighs the previous factors. In car industry, new vehicle features take a long time to get to broad market mass. Features are typically launched first on high-end vehicles, and then trickle down once there is sufficient space in the market to generate the scale affordable for the volume vehicles. With a car model's life cycle being between five and seven years, it is hard to see self-driving technology being fitted as standards of the mass-market brands.We still have a long way off from a world of completely self-driving cars.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. The likelihood to take the car owners as the guilty party in traffic accidents will give rise to _________.79. What feature of the self-driving car would mainly affect car sales?80. How can we prevent our personal data from being monitored by the self-driving car?81. The most serious problem facing the self-driving car is ____________.II卷（共47分）I. Translation（22分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．语言运用需要足够的词汇量为基础。

2015年上海市闸北区中考英语二模试卷和参考答案

2015年上海市闸北区中考英语二模试卷I.Listeningcomprehension（听力理解）（共30分）1．（6分）A．Listen and choose the right picture （根据你听到地内容，选出相应地图片）2．（1分）A．Fish．B．Cream．C．Soup．D．Mushrooms．3．（1分）A．At 6：00．B．At 6：15．C．At 6：30．D．At 6：45．4．（1分）A．Hot．B．Cold．C．Rainy．D．Lovely．5．（1分）A．Pale．B．Frightened．C．Excited．D．Interested．6．（1分）A．Weather．B．News．C．A film．D．An accident．7．（1分）A．At the restaurant．B．At the ferry．C．At the bus stop．D．At the airport．8．（1分）A．Stay in a seaside city．B．Relax herself on the beach．C．Spend her holiday in Britain．D．Swim in the countryside．9．（1分）A．The food was awful．B．The restaurant was noisy．C．The service was poor．D．The restaurant was far away．10．（1分）People started to celebrate April Fools'Day in the nineteenth century．11．（1分）Some people believe the tradition of celebrating April Fools'Day came from France．12．（1分）The French king Charles moved the New Year's Day to April 1．13．（1分）In the USA，the kinds of jokes played on April Fools'Day are called pranks （恶作剧）．14．（1分）Telling a funny lie to your friends and making trick phone calls are two kinds of pranks．15．（1分）Starbucks once played a prank by announcing the introduction of larger cups．16．（1分）On，the United Nations celebrated its third annual International Day of Happiness．17．（1分）The world has used of money people made to measure the well﹣being of a country's population．18．（1分）People in Latin America are some of the on the planet．19．（1分）of people worldwide said they had fun，smiled or laughed a lot，felt well rested and respected．20．（1分）The area of the world with the lowest positive emotions is in the Middle East and．Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当地答案）（共20分，每小题1分）21．（1分）A thousand﹣li journey begins with the first step．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．/'dʒenɪ/ B．/'dʒinɪ/ C．/'dʒə：nɪ/ D．/'dznɪ/22．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．I prefer noodles to rice for lunch．B．The fire quickly burnt the wooden hut．C．Disney can draw many cartoon characters．D．Bill has to pay for his foolish behavior．23．（1分）The Lis have finished the design of their new flat．It's similar to ______．（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours24．（1分）The traffic in Beijing is heavier than ______ in Shanghai．（）A．it B．this C．that D．those25．（1分）It is a very dull lecture．I've found ______ interesting about it．（）A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything26．（1分）My friend offered me two tickets ______ tonight's concert．（）A．to B．for C．on D．at27．（1分）This place seems familiar ______ me．I think I've been here before．（）A．with B．of C．to D．by28．（1分）The red car is a little more expensive than that one，but it uses ______ gas，so I'll take it．（）A．little B．less C．least D．the least29．（1分）The map can tell us the location of the newly﹣built theatre ______．（）A．clear B．clean C．clearly D．cleanly30．（1分）Be as happy as you ______ and spread your happiness to others．（）A．can B．must C．should D．need31．（1分）______ Thanksgiving Day is a western festival，it's a chance for me to thank my parents．（）A．If B．Although C．When D．Because32．（1分）Take a boat trip，______ you'll be attracted by the beauty of the Li River．（）A．and B．or C．so D．but33．（1分）______ easy way it is to memorize the words by using link methods!（）A．What B．What a C．What an D．How34．（1分）﹣______ will the food you ordered by phone be delivered？﹣Maybe in half an hour．（）A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long35．（1分）Baymax（大白）______ the hearts of people of all ages since the film Big Hero 6 was shown．（）A．wins B．won C．has won D．will win36．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was talking with my teacher by theroad．（）A．would happen B．had happenedC．was happening D．happened37．（1分）Practice makes perfect．You can't expect ______ a foreign language in such a short time．（）A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning38．（1分）We should spend more time reading books instead of ______ on the Wechat．（）A．chatting B．to chat C．chat D．chatted39．（1分）﹣Help yourself to some fruit，Victor．﹣______（）A．Yes，please．B．No，thanks．I've had enough．C．Thank you．I can manage myself．D．I agree with you．40．（1分）﹣Excuse me．Can I turn on the air﹣conditioner？It's a bit cold inside．﹣______（）A．You're welcome．B．Not at all．C．I don't think so． D．Go ahead，please．Ⅲ.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeu sedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）41．（4分）A．including B．besides C．mainly D．introduced E．added to President Xi has many big dreams for China．One of his big dreams is to have China win soccer's World Cup．To do this he believes more young people should learn about the game and play the game．So，beginning in September 2015，soccer will be（46）the curriculum（课程）in schools across the country．Last month，the Ministry of Education（教育部）（47）the seven textbooksthat would be used in primary school and secondary schools．The textbooks are colourful with lots of graphics（图形）（48）3﹣D pictures and QR codes（二维码）which students can scan with their smartphones to watch soccer videos．The books will teach students about the rules of soccer，soccer skills and soccer strategy．In the textbooks，（49）soccer knowledge，the importance of soccer in building individual character and team work will also be taught．42．（4分）A．finally B．training C．level D．at the same time E．at the moment Putting soccer in the schools is part of a bigger plan to improve the（50）of the sport in the country．There will also be more youth leagues and（51）centers formed to develop talented players and perhaps discover the next Messi（梅西）．China's national soccer team is ranked 83rd in the world（52）and its only appearance at the World Cup was in 2002where it failed to score even one goal．By bringing soccer to the schools，President Xi hopes he can achieve his dream and China's dream of qualifying for the World Cup，hosting the World Cup，and，（53），winning the World Cup．Ⅳ.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括号中所给单词地适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分，每小题1分）43．（1分）may live in the deep ocean some day．（human）44．（1分）The big winner this year，Birdman brought home Oscars．（fourth）45．（1分）Jane made a cup of coffee and then enjoyed the music in the sofa．（she）46．（1分）Chai Jing hopes we can once again the healthy air of clear blue skies．（breath）47．（1分）It was of the boy to leave the door open and the lights on．（careful）48．（1分）Always remember that no one can without working hard．（success）49．（1分）The green leaves with red flowers are very to look at．（pleasure）50．（1分）The building will be replaced，most by a modern sports center．（probable）pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子．62-67小题每空格限填一词）（共14分，每小题2分）51．（2分）Scott shook the bottle before taking the medicine．（改为否定句）Scott the bottle before taking the medicine．52．（2分）We should keep the listeners interested by making our speeches lively．（对划线部分提问）we keep the listeners interested？53．（2分）Our teacher helped us to learn how to make a questionnaire．（保持句意基本不变）We learnt how to make a questionnaire the of our teacher．54．（2分）I was so lucky that I was in the right place at the right time．（改为简单句）I was to be in the right place at the right time．55．（2分）Our class teacher invited some foreign friends to attend our class meeting．（改为被动语态）Some foreign friends to attend our class meeting by our class teacher．56．（2分）Ben asked me，"When will you continue the story about Kingsman？"（改为宾语从句）Ben aked me when continue the story about Kingsman．57．（2分）on the real ice，is，to，fun，in winter，it，skate？Ⅵ.Readingcomprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A.Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当地答案）（12分）58．（12分）Brian's cousin，Helen，is going on a trip．She is reading her flight bookingform．69．How many nights is Helen staying in Japan？A.10． B.12． C.15． D.20．70．When does Helen's flight leave from Shanghai？71．What type of food would Helen choose on her flight？A．Chicken．B．Fish．C．Beef．D．Mixed vegetables．72．Which of the following is true？A．Helen has only booked a single ticket．B．Helen is arriving at and departing from the same airport in Japan．C．Helen is arriving in Japan in the afternoon．D．Helen is staying in the same city for the whole trip．73．Which type of document does Helen need to check before her flight？A．Passport．B．Luggage weight．C．Flight tickets．D．Travel agency's website．74．When would Helen pay more？A．If her passport expired．B．If her suitcase weighed 24kg．C．If she arrived at the airport late．D．If she was refused to enter Japan．B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当地单词或词语完成短文）（12分）59．（12分）The Lascaux PaintingsNear the town of Montignac in Southern France，visitors can find some of the most beautiful cave paintings in the world﹣the Lascaux Paintings．The history of these paintings is very interesting．Caves are large rooms that have been formed by nature．Most caves are under the ground，but some have（75）that people can find．In September 1940，that's just what happened．Four boys were taking a walk in the woods near Montignac．As they walked along，one of them noticed an （76）rock．When they got closer，they realized that it wasn't a rock；it was an opening in the ground．This opening（77）to a cave．The boys decided to have a look around this cave．The walls of the cave were covered with ancientart．The boys didn't know it，but the cave was the find of the century!Over the years，many historians and articles came to study the art．They wanted to understand who painted them and what the paintings might（78）．They soon realized that some of the art showed animals that no longer exist．Many of the pictures also showed people following animals and trying to kill them for food．In the end，historians agreed this was likely to be the art of a civilization（文明）that existed over 15，000years ago．By 1950，over a thousand people from all over the world were visiting the caves every day．But by 1955，the paintings were beginning to become difficult to see．The paintings were losing their colours（79）so many people were passing through the caves．（80），people can no longer visit the caves．However，another set of cave paintings has been created．These paintings look exactly the same as the Lasaux Paintings．People made the paintings so that everyone can still learn about this ancient civilization．If you are near Montignac，these caves and wonderful paintings are a must﹣see!75．A．entrances B．exits C．holes D．gates 76．A．impossible B．amazing C．ordinary D．unusual 77．A．went B．connected C．led D．belonged 78．A．mean B．paint C．study D．look 79．A．though B．since C．as soon as D．so that 80．A．Luckily B．Sadly C．Happily D．Importantly．C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文地空格内填入适当地词，使其内容通顺．每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）60．（14分）Tim Cook，the CEO of Apple，showed off their newest device，the Apple Watch．Mr．Cook said it is the"most personal"device Apple has ever c（81）．The Apple Watch is a very small computer a person wears on his or her wrist（手腕）．There will be three models with straps to attach them to your wrist．An Apple Watch will be able to do many of the s（82）things as an iPhone．It will show email，texts，news，health readings and other information．These apps will be customized for the watch．It will be different than just seeing what is on your phone．Like a phone，you will be able to r（83）calls on your wrist．Mr．Cook smiled while describing this．‘I've been wanting to do this since I was five years old，'he said．‘The day is finally here．"Decades ago，a comic strip hero named Dick Tracy talked into his wrist watch，but until now，that has only been something possible in the future．Mr．Cook said you could capture and send your heartbeat to another person with an Apple Watch．‘This is a closer w（84）to tell someone that you are thinking about them，'he said．‘I hope someone sends me one of those．'The watches will be a（85）in stores in late April．They will be sold at different prices，beginning at﹩349to its high﹣end model of thousands of dollars．Apple hopes to excite consumers so they will want to buy and wear computers on their bodies．The first smartwatches from Samsung，Sony and LG have not been selling well．O（86）five million smartwatches were sold last year．Another wearable computer，Google Glass eyewear，is no longer on the market．Like a phone，it will also need to be charged each night．It remains to be seen w（87）people really want to carry both a smartphone and a smartwatch．D.Answerthequestion（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）61．（12分）88．How many teenagers were interviewed by Teenage Magazine？89．Who has the most clothes in his/her wardrobe？90．Does Carman Hung like shorts or dresses？91．Why doesn't Penny Wong know what is in his wardrobe？92．Perry Wong doesn't need anything more in his wardrobe，does he？93．Whose wardrobe do you prefer？Give your reasons．．Ⅶ.Writing（作文）（共20分）62．（20分）Write a letter in at least 60words according to the given situation on the topic" ，we never say goodbye"．（根据情景提示，以" ，我们永远不会说再见"为题，写一封不少于60个单词地信件．）（注意：短文中不得出现任何真实地人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予．评分．）情景：初中生涯已经进入尾声，学校里一定有你难忘地老师或同学．在此分别之际，你一定有很多与他们在一起时地美好回忆，而此时此刻地离别之情也溢于言表．请给这位老师或同学写一封信，告诉他/她你此时地不舍之情．Dear．Yours×××2015年上海市闸北区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析I.Listeningcomprehension（听力理解）（共30分）1．（6分）A．Listen and choose the right picture （根据你听到地内容，选出相应地图片）【解答】略2．（1分）A．Fish．B．Cream．C．Soup．D．Mushrooms．【解答】略3．（1分）A．At 6：00．B．At 6：15．C．At 6：30．D．At 6：45．【解答】C4．（1分）A．Hot．B．Cold．C．Rainy．D．Lovely．【解答】略5．（1分）A．Pale．B．Frightened．C．Excited．D．Interested．【解答】略6．（1分）A．Weather．B．News．C．A film．D．An accident．【解答】略7．（1分）A．At the restaurant．B．At the ferry．C．At the bus stop．D．At the airport．【解答】略8．（1分）A．Stay in a seaside city．B．Relax herself on the beach．C．Spend her holiday in Britain．D．Swim in the countryside．【解答】略9．（1分）A．The food was awful．B．The restaurant was noisy．C．The service was poor．D．The restaurant was far away．【解答】略10．（1分）People started to celebrate April Fools'Day in the nineteenth century．【解答】略11．（1分）Some people believe the tradition of celebrating April Fools'Day came from France．【解答】略12．（1分）The French king Charles moved the New Year's Day to April 1．【解答】略13．（1分）In the USA，the kinds of jokes played on April Fools'Day are called pranks （恶作剧）．【解答】略14．（1分）Telling a funny lie to your friends and making trick phone calls are two kinds of pranks．【解答】略15．（1分）Starbucks once played a prank by announcing the introduction of larger cups．【解答】略16．（1分）On march20，the United Nations celebrated its third annualInternational Day of Happiness．【解答】march；2017．（1分）The world has used the amount of money people made to measure the well﹣being of a country's population．【解答】the，amount18．（1分）People in Latin America are some of the happiest people on the planet．【解答】happiest；people19．（1分）over70%of people worldwide said they had fun，smiled or laughed a lot，felt well rested and respected．【解答】over；70%20．（1分）The area of the world with the lowest positive emotions is in the Middle East and North Africa．【解答】North AfricaⅡ.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当地答案）（共20分，每小题1分）21．（1分）A thousand﹣li journey begins with the first step．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．/'dʒenɪ/ B．/'dʒinɪ/ C．/'dʒə：nɪ/ D．/'dznɪ/【解答】答案：C．journey地音标是/'dʒə：nɪ/，意思是"旅行"，是名词，综上所述，故选C．22．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．I prefer noodles to rice for lunch．B．The fire quickly burnt the wooden hut．C．Disney can draw many cartoon characters．D．Bill has to pay for his foolish behavior．【解答】答案：B根据字母组合oo常见发音有/u/，/ʌ/，/u：/可知noodles读作/nu：dlz/其中字母组合oo发/u：/，wooden读作/´wudn/其中字母组合oo发/u/，cartoon读作/ka：´tu：n/其中字母组合oo发/u：/，foolish 读作/´fu：liʃ/其中字母组合oo发/u：/，故选B23．（1分）The Lis have finished the design of their new flat．It's similar to ______．（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours【解答】答案：D It's similar to..根据句意其中It指地是他们对公寓地设计．be similar to…和…类似（相似）可知是和我们对公寓地设计相似．we 是主格，用作主语，意思是"我们"．us 是宾格用作宾语，意思是"我们"．our 是形容词性物主代词后接名词．ours 是名词性物主代词，后面不再接名词．此处ous指我们地设计，故选D24．（1分）The traffic in Beijing is heavier than ______ in Shanghai．（）A．it B．this C．that D．those【解答】答案C it意为"它"，代指前面出现地名词，也就是同类同物；this意为"这个"；that意为"那个"为了避免重复，代替前面出现地名词；those意为"那些"．根据"The traffic in Beijing"以及"______ in Shanghai"可知北京地交通与上海地交通进行比较，所以要用单数that来代替前面地名词traffic，故选C．25．（1分）It is a very dull lecture．I've found ______ interesting about it．（）A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything【解答】答案：C选项A：一些东西；选项B：任何东西；选项C：没有东西；选项D：一切，每件东西．根据题干It is a very dull lecture（这是一个非常无趣地演讲），可知关于这个演讲没什么有趣地东西，故选C．26．（1分）My friend offered me two tickets ______ tonight's concert．（）A．to B．for C．on D．at【解答】答案：Bto 向，到；for 为了；on 关于；at 在；the ticket for the concert 音乐会地票，故选B．27．（1分）This place seems familiar ______ me．I think I've been here before．（）A．with B．of C．to D．by【解答】答案：Cwith和…在一起；of…地；to到，向；by通过，在…之前；be familiar with sth某人对…熟悉，通晓，主语一般为人；be familiar to sb．固定短语，某物对于某人是熟悉地，主语一般为物．根据This place 可知主语为物，应该用be familiar to．故选C．28．（1分）The red car is a little more expensive than that one，but it uses ______ gas，so I'll take it．（）A．little B．less C．least D．the least【解答】答案B．根据上文The red car is a little more expensive than that one可知这辆红车比那辆车在作比较故用比较级，再根据下文中地关键转折词but，可知红车比那辆车贵，但是用地燃料少，故用little地比较级less．故选B29．（1分）The map can tell us the location of the newly﹣built theatre ______．（）A．clear B．clean C．clearly D．cleanly【解答】答案：C；clear清晰地，形容词；clean干净地；clearly清晰地，副词；cleanly干净利落地；根据句意The map can tell us the location of the newly﹣built theatre，推知该句句意：地图可以清晰地告诉我们新建地剧院地位置，需要填充地单词修饰动词tell，故用副词形式，clearly，清晰地；故选C．30．（1分）Be as happy as you ______ and spread your happiness to others．（）A．can B．must C．should D．need【解答】答案：A．can能，会；must一定，必须；should应该；need需要．根据as happy as you，可知这里考查了as…as you can尽可能地…，这里as happy as you can，尽可能地快乐．故选A．31．（1分）______ Thanksgiving Day is a western festival，it's a chance for me to thank my parents．（）A．If B．Although C．When D．Because【解答】答案：B if 如果，要是；although虽然，尽管；When既然，当…时；because 因为．根据题意可知，感恩节是西方节日，和它仍是一个我们感谢父母地机会，两者是让步关系，表示尽管，用although引导让步状语从句．故选B．32．（1分）Take a boat trip，______ you'll be attracted by the beauty of the Li River．（）A．and B．or C．so D．but【解答】答案：A 本题考查地是并列连词地辨析，and 并且，和，表并列关系；or 或者，否则，表选择关系或相反地假设；so"因此"，表因果关系；but 但是，表转折关系．根据题意可知，"乘船游玩"跟"你将会被漓江地美丽所吸引"，这里用到地常用句型是祈使句+and+陈述句，Take a boat trip 是祈使句部分，表示一种建议，告诫，and 后面部分表示会发生地结果，两者是并列关系，故选A．33．（1分）______ easy way it is to memorize the words by using link methods!（）A．What B．What a C．What an D．How【解答】答案：C 根据easy way可知，感叹句修饰地中心词是名词way，应该用What引导；又根据感叹句地句式：What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主+谓，way是可数名词单数形式，而easy是以元音音素开头地单词，所以前面加冠词an，故选C．34．（1分）﹣______ will the food you ordered by phone be delivered？﹣Maybe in half an hour．（）A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long【解答】答案：C How far"多远"，一般针对距离提问；how often多久一次，回答一般是表频率地短语；how soon"要多久"，常对将来地时间提问，其答语通常是"in+一段时间"；how long问地是多长时间，答语通常是for three days/weeks/months等时间段；根据答语Maybe in half an hour．可知上文应该是问：要多久能交付？应该用how soon，故选：C．35．（1分）Baymax（大白）______ the hearts of people of all ages since the film Big Hero 6 was shown．（）A．wins B．won C．has won D．will win【解答】答案：C．因为句中有since the film Big Hero 6 was shown，由"since自从…起"引导地状语从句地主句要用完成时，现在完成时地构成：主语+have/has+动词地过去分词；故选C．36．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was talking with my teacher by the road．（）A．would happen B．had happenedC．was happening D．happened【解答】答案：D．根据句意"当交通事故发生时，我正和我地老师在路边谈话．"及连词when可知，这里考查时间状语从句，主句采用了过去进行时，从句要采用一般过去时，表示较短地动作发生了，动词用过去式，故选：D．37．（1分）Practice makes perfect．You can't expect ______ a foreign language in such a short time．（）A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning【解答】答案：B．根据You can't expect ______ a foreign language in such a short time，可知这里考查expect地用法，expect是期待是意思，其固定搭配为：expect to do sth期待做某事．故选B．38．（1分）We should spend more time reading books instead of ______ on the Wechat．（）A．chatting B．to chat C．chat D．chatted【解答】答案：A 本题考查动名词地固定搭配．chatting 是动名词或是现在分词；to chat 为不定式；chat 是动词原形，意为聊天；chatted 是动词地过去式或过去分词．Instead of 是个短语介词．Instead of 地意思是"代替…"、"而不…"它后面可跟名词、代词、动名词、介词短语或形容词等．故选A．39．（1分）﹣Help yourself to some fruit，Victor．﹣______（）A．Yes，please．B．No，thanks．I've had enough．C．Thank you．I can manage myself．D．I agree with you．【解答】答案：B；Yes，please好地，谢谢；No，thanks．I've had enough不，谢谢，我已经吃地足够了；Thank you．I can manage myself谢谢你，我自己能行；I agree with you我跟你意见一致；根据上句Help yourself to some fruit，Victor随便吃些水果，Victor，可知答语应该是表示感谢，并进行委婉地拒绝，所以回答：No，thanks．I've had enough；故选B．40．（1分）﹣Excuse me．Can I turn on the air﹣conditioner？It's a bit cold inside．﹣______（）A．You're welcome．B．Not at all．C．I don't think so． D．Go ahead，please．【解答】答案：D；You're welcome没关系、不客气；Not at all不用谢；Go ahead，please请便吧；I don't think so我不那么认为；根据上文Excuse me．Can I turn on the air﹣conditioner我能打开空调吗？可知选B最符合语境，同意对方地请求．故选D．Ⅲ.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeu sedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）41．（4分）A．including B．besides C．mainly D．introduced E．added to President Xi has many big dreams for China．One of his big dreams is to have China win soccer's World Cup．To do this he believes more young people should learn about the game and play the game．So，beginning in September 2015，soccer will be（46）E the curriculum（课程）in schools across the country．Last month，the Ministry of Education（教育部）（47）D the seven textbooks that would be used in primary school and secondary schools．The textbooks are colourful with lots of graphics（图形）（48）A3﹣D pictures and QR codes（二维码）which students can scan with their smartphones to watch soccer videos．The books will teach students about the rules of soccer，soccer skills and soccer strategy．In the textbooks，（49）B soccer knowledge，the importance of soccer in building individual character and team work will also be taught．【解答】46．E 考查动词．根据句子：soccer will be（46）the curriculum（课程）in schools across the country．可知句意：通过国家，足球将会被加入到学校地课程中．结合语境此处应该是加入地意思．故选E．47．D 考查动词．根据句子：Last month，the Ministry of Education（教育部）（47）the seven textbooks that would be used in primary school and secondaryschools．可知句意：上个月，教育部介绍了七本将会在小学以及中学使用地教科书．结合语境此处应该是介绍地意思．故选D．48．A 考查介词．根据句子：The textbooks are colourful with lots of graphics（图形）（48）3﹣D pictures and QR codes（二维码）可知句意：教科书有很多彩色地图形包括3D图片和二维码．此处应该是包括地意思，指地是将下文地3D图片和二维码都包括在内．故选A．49．B 考查介词．根据句子：In the textbooks，（49）soccer knowledge，the importance of soccer in building individual character and team work will also be taught．可知句意：在教科书里，除了足球知识之外，还要教足球在塑造个性中地重要性以及团队地合作．结合语境此处应该是除…之外地意思．besides 表示除…之外，还有；在意思上把被除去地东西包括在内．故选B．42．（4分）A．finally B．training C．level D．at the same time E．at the moment Putting soccer in the schools is part of a bigger plan to improve the（50）C of the sport in the country．There will also be more youth leagues and（51）B centers formed to develop talented players and perhaps discover the next Messi（梅西）．China's national soccer team is ranked 83rd in the world（52）E and its only appearance at the World Cup was in 2002where it failed to score even one goal．By bringing soccer to the schools，President Xi hopes he can achieve his dream and China's dream of qualifying for the World Cup，hosting the World Cup，and，（53）A，winning the World Cup．【解答】50．C．名词考查．结合the后加名词，结合improve提高，故用名词level水平，故答案是C．51．B．非谓语考查．centers是名词，前面需要定语来修饰，结合formed to develop talented players 可知这里是说训练中心，故用training作为定语，故答案是B．52．E．短语考查．结合China's national soccer team is ranked 83rd in the world 说地是目前国足排名83，故用at the moment目前，故答案是B．53．A．副词考查．qualifying for the World Cup，hosting the World Cup，and可知最终是希望能赢得世界杯，故用finally最终，故答案是A．Ⅳ.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括号中所给单词地适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分，每小题1分）43．（1分）Humans may live in the deep ocean some day．（human）【解答】答案：Humans 根据所给词human，可知这是可数名词"人"．其复数形式为humans．表示"人类"之意时一般用复数形式，此句表示地是人类有一天会住在深海．又处于句首，首字母要大写．故答案为：Humans44．（1分）The big winner this year，Birdman brought home four Oscars．（fourth）【解答】答案：four．根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"今年地大赢家﹣﹣《鸟人》，把四项奥斯卡奖带回家．"，设空处后面是名词复数形式，所以设空处应填序数词fourth地基数词four，故答案为：four．45．（1分）Jane made her a cup of coffee and then enjoyed the music in the sofa．（she）【解答】答案：her．有些动词后面可以跟双宾语，也就是动词+sb．+sth．结构，经常用于这个结构地动词有teach，show，make，tell等等．根据"Jane made____ a cup of coffee"在动词made地后面，所以要用宾格形式，结合给出地英语提示she，所以要用her，故填her．46．（1分）Chai Jing hopes we can once again breathe the healthy air of clear blue skies．（breath）【解答】答案：breathe．提示词breath是名词，意为"呼吸"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"柴静希望我们能够再次呼吸倒湛蓝天空下健康地空气．"，即设空处地意思是"呼吸"，由于设空处单词放在情态动词can后面，所以设空处应填breath地动词原形形式breathe，故答案为：breathe．47．（1分）It was careless of the boy to leave the door open and the lights on．（careful）【解答】答案：careless．提示词careful是形容词，意为"认真地"，根据所给单词结合设空处后面地leave the door open and the lights on可以推测句意为"那个小男孩让门开着，灯亮着，真是粗心．"，即设空处地意思是"粗心地"，由于前面有be动词was，所以设空处应填形容词careful（细心地）地反义词careless，故答案为：careless．48．（1分）Always remember that no one can succeed without working hard．（success）【解答】答案：succeed．提示词success是名词，意为"成功"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"时刻记住：没有人不经过付出就能成功．"，即设空处地意思是"成功"，由于放在情态动词can后面，所以设空处应填success地动词原形形式succeed，故答案为：succeed．49．（1分）The green leaves with red flowers are very pleasant to look at．（pleasure）【解答】答案：pleasant．提示词pleasre是名词，意思是"愉快"，根据语境可以推测句意为"红花绿叶看上去令人愉悦．"，即设空处单词地意思是"令人愉悦地"，由于放在be动词are后面，所以设空处应填pleasure地形容词形式pleasant，故答案为：pleasant．50．（1分）The building will be replaced，most probably by a modern sports center．（probable）【解答】答案：probably根据所给句子The building will be replaced，most…by a modern sports center．（probable）可知所给提示词probable是形容词，意为"可能地，大概地"，结合所给空格，可知要修饰前面地动词replace，根据副词修饰动词，故填probable 地副词形式probably，故答案为probablypletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子．62-67小题每空格限填一词）（共14分，每小题2分）51．（2分）Scott shook the bottle before taking the medicine．（改为否定句）Scott didn't shake the bottle before taking the medicine．【解答】答案：didn't shake．原句实意动词shook得知是一般过去时，改为否定句时需要借助于助动词did地否定形式didn't后接shook地动词原形shake．故答案为：didn't shake．52．（2分）We should keep the listeners interested by making our speeches lively．（对划线部分提问）How should we keep the listeners interested？【解答】答案：How should．划线部分by making our speeches lively．表示通过让我们地演讲生动，表方式，所以提问用How，后加一般疑问句，原句含有情态动词，故将should提前．故答案是How should．53．（2分）Our teacher helped us to learn how to make a questionnaire．（保持句意基本不变）We learnt how to make a questionnaire with the help of our teacher．【解答】答案：with…help．原句是help sb to do sth表示帮助某人做某事，可以换成短语with the help of sb，表示在某人地帮助下，故答案是：wit h…help．54．（2分）I was so lucky that I was in the right place at the right time．（改为简单句）I was lucky enough to be in the right place at the right time．【解答】答案：lucky enough．原句so…that，表示如此…以至于，也就是足够…做某事，enough经常用于一个结构：be+adj．+enough to do sth．足够…可以做某事了．这里指"足够幸运"．故答案是lucky enough．55．（2分）Our class teacher invited some foreign friends to attend our classmeeting．（改为被动语态）Some foreign friends were invited to attend our class meeting by our class teacher．【解答】答案：were invited．原句中地invited得知是一般过去时，改为被动语态地结构是：主语+was/were+过去分词+by+宾语．主动语态地主语变成宾格由by连接，主动语态地宾语Some foreign friends改为被动语态所在句地主语，为复数，故选were，故答案是：were invited56．（2分）Ben asked me，"When will you continue the story about Kingsman？"（改为宾语从句）Ben aked me when I would continue the story about Kingsman．【解答】答案：I would．本题主要是改为宾语从句：原句中地人称为第二人称，变为宾语从句时，就要将它变为与主句宾语相一致地人称，这里主句地宾语是me，故将you换成I；原句为疑问句，语序应该是陈述语序，且主句asked是过去时，故改后地句子主从句地时态要保持一致，也要用一般过去时，will变为其过去式would．故填I would．57．（2分）on the real ice，is，to，fun，in winter，it，skateIs it fun to skate on the real ice in winter？？【解答】答案：Is it fun to skate on the real ice in winter？提供地英语内容有on the real ice在真冰上；还有to和skate，可知to skate；还有is，it，fun，可知it is fun，还有in，winter，可知in winter．所有这个句子地主要结构是：it is+adj．+to do sth．综合所给出地英语提示可知，在冬天地时候在真冰上滑冰是很有趣地，又因为在句子地后面还有一个问号，所以要把is提前放在句首构成一般疑问句，故答案为：Is it fun to skate on the real ice in winter？Ⅵ.Readingcomprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A.Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当地答案）（12分）58．（12分）Brian's cousin，Helen，is going on a trip．She is reading her flight booking form．。

2015上海高三英语二模语法新题型汇总整理附答案

语法新题型【宝山】(A)You took a midterm exam (25)_____(hope) to get a 95 percent. When you got your test paper back, you received only a 70 percent. How do you handle the situation? Do you1. make a study plan for (26)_______(improve) your grade;2. keep doing what you’re doing and hope for the best next time;3. use a persuasive argument to try and convince your teacher to give you (27)______ better grade?Your answer to the above question shows your EQ, your emotional intelligence. What exactly is EQ? Psychologists Peter Salovey and John Mayer define it as the ability to understand your own feelings and emotions and (28)______ of others.Research supports the significance of EQ. A 40-year study of 450 boys found that IQ wasn’t the only thing that affected life success. The qualities that did were the ability (29)_____(handle) frustration, control emotions and get along with other people.Can you improve a low EQ? Yes! Start by noticing how you feel. That’s the first step in becoming more skillful at managing your feelings. Second ,pay attention to how you behave when you feel certain emotions. Then analyze (30)______ that effects your daily life. Next, take responsibility for your feelings and actions. They come from you and no one else. Then you (31)_________(have) a higher EQ--- and likely have a happier and more rewarding life as well.BImagine shopping in another country and spotting a beautiful scarf. The salesperson tells you the price, (32)_______ it’s more than you want to buy. What do you do?The answer depends largely on what part of the world you are in. Are you visiting Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America or Africa? In these places, prices often are not set in stone. In fact, customers (33)______(expect) to bargain before agreeing to a price.On the other hand, in North America, Europe and Australia, bargaining is rare and often not allowed. The price (34)____(list) on a price tag cannot be changed.Large stores and malls usually don’t allow bargaining. On the other han d, outdoor stalls and flea markets, even in Western countries, usually allow bargaining. When in doubt, consult a guidebook ---or (35)_______(good) yet, a local friend.(36)______bargaining custom vary, a few rules of etiquette apply in most cultures. First, avoid wasting people’s time. If you don’t intend to make a purchase, don’t start bargaining. While bargaining, it is OK to walk away. But once you agree to a price, you (37)_____ buy the item.Even in countries (38)____ don’t allow bargaining, you may find plentiful opportunities to save money. Many stores sell old items on clearance. Others offer discount cards to regular customers. Some of these can function as credit cards (39)_____ the store, and a few can even be used elsewhere.(40)______ you go, understanding local customs can help you find good prices.【崇明】(A)After 30 years (25)_____ a pilot, Captain Peter Elliott got to fly holiday-makers on a Thomas Cook flight from Birmingham, UK, to Tenerife, Spain with his daughter.Senior First Officer Laura Elliott (26)_____(fly) for six years but has never before got to work with her father. “It’s my dream to be able to fly with my Dad,” she said.It had seemed unlikely that the pair would ever co-pilot (27)_____ same aircraft because Miss Elliott learned to fly on Airbus planes when she joined the company in 2009, and her father flew Boeings. However, after Peter Elliott, 59, retrained to fly Airbuses, their dream of flyingtogether came true.Miss Elliott, 30, became interested in flying when (28)_____(inspire) by her father with a trial flight as her birthday present. Miss Elliott said: “Becoming a pilot was never something I had considered. It was only when my Dad bought me a trial flight for my 18th birthday (29)_____ I considered following in my Dad’s footsteps.”The pair finally sat in the cockpit(驾驶员座舱) together and Mr Elliott made an announcement to passengers (30)_____ the flight made it a special day for him as he was flying with his daughter.Miss Elliott recalled the flight, (31)_____(say), “I was initially nervous and he kept asking (32)_____ I was nervous or not. It was like going for a driving lesson with him. Thankfully, everything went smoothly and the passengers loved it. If it ever happens again, I will definitely be a lot (33)_____(relaxed).”(B)Has the world just witnessed its first ever robot suicide? Boring housework was seemingly too much for one cleaning robot to take, when it apparently rebelled and decided to end it all.The robot was given the tiresome task of cleaning up some spilt grain before it climbed on to a kitchen hotplate (34)_____ it destroyed itself, according to reports in Austria. It had reportedly grown tired of (35)_____(force) to clean the house every day and decided to become a martyr(殉道者) to the robot cause.“Somehow it seems (36)_____(restart) itself again before it made its way al ong the work surface. Then it pushed a cooking pot out of the way and basically that was the end of it,” explained fireman Helmut Kniewasser, who (37)_____(call) to deal with the fire at Hinterstoder in Kirchdorf. “It pretty quickly started to melt underne ath and then stuck to the kitchen hotplate. It then caught fire. (38)_____ _____ _____ we arrived, it had become just a pile of ash.” He added: “The entire building (39)_____ _____be evacuated (疏散) and there was severe smoke damage particularly in the flat in which the robot had been in use. “It’s a mystery how it came to be started and ended up making its way to the hotplate.” (40)_____ took an hour to clean and make the building safe. The homeowner plans to charge the robot’s manufacturer.【奉贤】AIt was a cold, wet day on June 6, 2010, when 14-year-old Wasana arrived at school. Waiting outside his classroom for his classmates to arrive, Wasana stared at the rain. Then his eyes fell upon the 18-metre-high hill that stood at the back of the classroom.He noticed large amounts of rainwater flowing down the hill, and water was also bubbling at the base of a rock on the hill. For a few minutes, Wasana stared at the water, wondering __25_____ it looked so familiar. Then it hit him--the scene was similar to the video __26_____ he was shown during Disaster Management classes. __27_____ (fear) a coming disaster, he shouted wildly at the students waiting outside their classrooms. “Run, run, don’t stay here! The rock on the hill is going to fall on us!”Chaos broke out as the students ran to the open area that __28_____ (appoint) as an emergency gathering point. When some teachers approached Wasana, he showed them the water gushing from the hill, and they started leading the students to __29_____ (safe) ground.Just then Principal Gurusinghe drove into the school. Wasana ran over to tell him what was happening. After _30_____ (examine) the site, Gurusinghe knew the school was in danger. The enormous rock at the top of the hill could come crashing down at any moment.Leading a group of teachers and older students, Gurusinghe climbed the hill and tried to make the water flow away from the rock. They were too late: ten minutes later, they heard screams as the huge rock rushed down the hill. There was little Gurusinghe and his group could do __31____they watched the earth swallow their classrooms. __32_____ __32_____ Wasana’s quick action and careful observation, no one was hurt in the incident.BMany drivers dream of the day when they can sit back while their car drives itself. While several companies are working hard to make __33_____ a reality, self-driving cars still face many problems.Google was one of the first __34_____ (get) into this industry. It __35_____ (develop) self-driving cars since 2009, and its new driverless car is called Firely.But the driverless car is only a “fair weather friend”, the Daily Mail commented.According to the MIT Technology Review, the current driverless cars can’t react like a human driver. They c an’t drive in heavy rain or snow.Chris Urmson, director of the Google car team, said that this is because the detection technology is not yet good enough to separate certain objects from weather conditions. In the cars’ eyes, raindrops and snowflakes are the same as rocks, and cars stop for them. But if the manhole （下水道入口）ahead is left __36_____ (uncover), they drive over it without hesitation.___37____ all these problems, Urmson said driverless cars will happen more quickly than people think.But even at that time, driverless cars won’t be truly “driverless.”In the US, only when someone sits in the driver’s seat __38_____ driverless cars allowed on roads in certain statesEuropean countries, Mexico, Chile, Brazil and Russian follow the United Nations Conv ention on Road Traffic. The convention used to say: “Every driver __39_____ at all times be able to control his vehicle or to guide his animals.” A change was agreed in May, allowing a car to drive itself __40_____ __40_____ __40_____ a driver is in the car and able to take the wheel at any time【虹口】(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then.I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behavior’s. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how __(32)__(design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects __(33)__ people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, __(34)__(lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view __(35)__ (afford) by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and __(36)__ seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students __(37)__ classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up. __(38)__ that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says.“How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is __(40)__ we are all struggling with.”【黄埔】(A)Positive thinking can help you win.Some athletes can reach great goals such as the achievement of an Olympic gold medal. Others never live up to their promise. What kind of preparation before (25)_______ race or other event makes the difference?Everyone knows that athletes spare no effort (26)_______ (strengthen) their bodies. But researches show that strengthening the mind may be just as important. Careful study indicates that the best athletes win partly (27)_______ they think they can win.Thinking positive thoughts seems to give the possibility for success in sports. People who say to themselves over and over “I know I (28)_______ do this. ” often find they have the advantage to win. On the other hand, people often fail who think “I can’t win.”One procedure (29)_______ helps many athletes is creating pictures in the mind. They are told to think of each move they must do. Some use more fanciful pictures. One skater liked to imagine a star bursting inside her, (30)_______(fill) her with energy. Another athlete who wanted to feel calm pictured himself as a bird floating in the air.Next time you want to make progress, try training your mind to help you. Perhaps a teacher or other instructor can help you plan your training. If you imagine yourself doing (31)_______ (well), you may soon see improvement in (32)_______ you really can do. Positive thinking and pictures created in your mind can help you win!(B)Two British coloniesAustralia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the 17th century. These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than exploring it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English (33)_______ set up the settlementsin America. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some (34)_______ things in common.Australia and the United States are about equal in size, and neither of their western lands are rich in soil. It was along the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this Westward Movement took place more because the English (35)_______ (search) for better land than because the population was increasing. Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold (36)_______ (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some striking differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without (37)______ (go) to war. Australia, firstly (38)_______ (turn) into a colony by English prisoners, was unlike the United States, and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as there are people now in the United States. Yet, (39)_______ _______ _______ these and other main differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one (40)_______ (have) with the rest of the world.【闵行】Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)The year was 1932. Amelia Earhart was flying alone from North America to England in a small single-engined airplane. At midnight, several hours after she had left Newfoundland, she ran into bad weather. To make things worse, her altimeter (高度表) failed and she didn’t know how high she __(25)__ (fly). At night, and in a storm, a pilot was in great difficulty without an altimeter. At times, her plane nearly plunged into the sea.Just before dawn, there was further trouble. Amelia noticed flames coming from the engine. With all the difficulties, Amelia Earhart wasn’t sure if she __(26)__ reach land. There was nothing to do but keep __(27)___(go).In the end, Amelia Earhart did reach Ireland. It was with the great courage __(28)__ she made the safe landing. And for the courage she had shown, she was warmly welcomed in England and Europe. When she returned to the United States, she __(29)__(honor) by President Hoover at a special dinner in the White House. From that time on, Amelia Earhart was famous.What was so important about her flight? Amelia Earhart was the first woman __(30)__(fly) the Atlantic Ocean alone, and she had set a record of fourteen hours and fifty-six minutes.In the years that followed, Amelia Earhart made several flights across the United States, and on each occasion she set a new record for flying time and was __(31)__(skillful) than her previous flight. Amelia Earhart made these flights to show that women had a place in aviation (航空) and that air travel was useful. Her passion for flight lasted in her remaining life __(32)__ she mysteriously disappeared from public in the year 1937.(B)It has become acceptable for people to say that women work less than men and therefore deserve less! It may have been true in the past when women were expected to stay at home and look after children, but women have changed over the years. They have “come out”! Gone__(33)__(be) the days when they toiled (辛苦) the kitchen stove all day long; they are now aware of their needs and are willing to fight for them. They expect to be given the respect they deserve, both at home and at work. They have realized __(34)__ intellectual potential and have determined to do something about it!Women on two wheels have become __(35)__ familiar sight on the roads of most Asian countries during the past few years. It is common to find a woman __(36)__(take) her children on her bicycle to school and then reaching her office in time.“Super woman” __(37)__ she is, it is rather difficult to combine a career and a decen t home life. She needs to feel __(38)__(support). She may arrive at work feeling as if she has already done a full day’s job. __(39)__ colleagues doubt her passion to her job, she will feel sad. At the same time, women of today expect their partners to contribute towards childcare and household chores.Today’s women are learning to avoid situations that make them feel more stressed and it is a hard struggle. __(40)__ __(40)__ __(40)__ all this, the new woman, “the superpower” has arrived. She still believes in the power and value of a family unit and she holds it in high esteem(尊重).【浦东】Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)What should you take in with you when you take an exam? Pen, pencil, eraser, ruler … and don’t forget a bottle of water!According to a study held in London, students __25__(bring) water into exams may improve their grades by up to 10%. Scientists in UK did the study on 448 students. The students were studying for different degrees at the University of East London. Only 25% of them entered the exam hall with water. Scientists then compared their exam results with their normal schoolwork grades. They found that all those who __26__(bring) water with them got better grades by 2% to10%. Scientists also predicted the students’ scores according to thei r normal schoolwork. They wrote down their possible scores on paper __27__ exams.It is unclear __28__ drinking water improves exam results. But scientists say having enough water in our bodies and not feeling thirsty could have a helpful effect on our brains. Drinking water may also reduce anxiety, __29__ has a bad effect on exam performances.“__30__ the explanation is, it is clear that students __31__ try hard to stay hydrated (含水的) with water during exams,” one of the scientists said. So next time, when you are going to have a big exam, try __32__(furnish) yourself with a bottle of water. It may help you pass the exam!(B)Without any previous notice a documentary dominated headlines and social websites over the weekend.Under the Dome, a 103-minute documentary __33__(self-fund) by former news anchor Chai Jing __34__(release) on video-sharing websites in China on Feb 28. It has rapidly pushed the public awareness about air pollution and encouraged people to join in __35__ effort to make a difference.Chai, 39, said she started the work out of her “personal clashes” with smog after she gave birth to a daughter. “I sealed tight all the windows. I started every day by checking the air pollution index” Chai said. Millions of other people are also doing the same. While they stop there, Chai goes much __36__(deep). “I don’t want to live in this way. I need to find out where the smog comes from and what on earth is going on.”Chai’s research reveals that it is the burning of coal and oil __37__ contributes to 60 percent of PM2.5 pollutants. She then goes on to disclose loopholes in car emissions regulations. Some of the laws have been in place for years, __38__ have never been applied. The film also explains that businesses are pressured not to obey the laws because violating them carries little or no cost, while making changes bumps up costs. The film also points at China’s petroleum and steel industries __39__ the biggest sources of air pollution.Chai goes on to list the things ordinary people can do __40__(help) and sums everything up by calling for individual responsibility in reporting illegal emissions via the hotline 12369.【普陀】Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Good ideas often start with really silly questions. Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day. As he stood there making waffles (华夫饼干) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (25)____ his waffle iron. Later, he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at. In fact, every single company turned him down. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman persevered and went on (26)____ (form) his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes.Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration. When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork (27)____(deliver) across the country the next day. Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible. He sat for a long while (28)____ (wonder) why. Why couldn’t there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one. Smith did just that and turned his design into (29)____ class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. However, Smith was not through. He improved the ideas in that class project and eventually turned (30)____ into one of the first and (31)____ (successful) overnight mail services in the world—FedEx.We know today, of course, that each of these ideas led to an incredibly successful product or service (32)____ has changed the way many of us live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly. Children aren’t afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are. Think how different the world might be (33)____ people never asked “silly” question!(B)A lot of people in the world today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money—but many of them aren’t happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy,(34)____ ____ they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people who have a happy life to find out how they do it. “I (35)____ (study) happiness for over 30 years,” says Csikszentmihalyi. “My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II, when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person (36)____ build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.”In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people don’t waste time, either at work or when they’re free. “Many people feel the time that they spend at work or at school wasted. But often their free time (37)____ (waste) as well. Many people are used to doing passive things—watching television, for example—without(38)____ (use) any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.”But it doesn’t have to be this way. The professor has found that people are happy when they get into (39)____ he calls “flow”. When people get very involved in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challenging, they experience “flow”, a situation (40)____ they don’t notice time passing.People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constantly get into “flow” states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.【徐汇】【松江】【金山】Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)As you get older, it feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines __25__ we age and that makes time move quickly.We perceive time something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the __26__(likely) you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by (or, more accurately, it feels as if time is going by) more quickly the older we get.In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as __27__ years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we already __28__(accomplish) a lot and because we become slaves to our daily routines.For example, try to remember __29__ happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday, etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences, point out things we've never done, recommend dishes we've never tasted and suggest places we've never been. Such an app __30__ make our lives more varied, prod us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.__31__ such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It's not too difficult to push __32__ to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Daniel Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences(哀悼) on behalf of the nation, and made it clear he will have every single resource that he needs __33__(investigate) this heinous(令人发指的) crime, care for the victims and their families.__34__(endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years, each time I learn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would – as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there’s not a parent in America who doesn’t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do.The majority of those __35__ died today were children---beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them---birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the __36__(fall) were also teachers---men and women who devoted their lives to __37__(help) our children fulfill their dreams.So our hearts are broken today---for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of。

上海市闸北区2015届高三下学期期中练习英语试题

上海市闸北区2015届高三下学期期中练习英语试题2015.4I. Listening Comprehension（30分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. She should watch on her weight.B. She can sometimes eat at will.C. She is already overweight.D. She should avoid sweet food.2. A. At the Emergency Room.B. At the grocery store.C. At the dentist’s.D. At a decade-old toast shop.3. A. 20. B. 30. C. 35. D. 45.4. A. On the phone. B. By text. C. Online. D. Face to face.5. A. Furniture shop assistant. B. House agent.C. Insurance agent.D. Carpenter.6. A. Tickets bought online are cheaper.B. It’s hard to buy the tickets at the box office.C. Free pamphlets provide discounts for the Ballet.D. The Ballet show could be watched online.7. A. There are all together three sections for the exam.B. She failed to finish the exam within time.C. She was poor at multiple choices.D. She performed well in the physics exam.8. A. It is too expensive a trip.B. It’s a pity he can’t take his family with him on the trip.C. The trip takes too much time.D. He doesn’t enjoy going to New Zealand for a trip.9. A. Stay up late for exams.B. Don’t pay too much attention to exams.C. Study hard throughout the term.D. Give up on the math test.10. A. Relaxed B. Calm. C. Excited. D. Nervous.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Relationship problems.B. Low working productivity.C. Poor income.D. Depression.12. A. 6%. B. 10%. C. 15%. D. 26%.13. A. The poor treatment received from National Health Service.B. Patients’ inability to go to bed with a teddy bear.C. The bad quality of the mattress patients use.D. The tension they suffer from in lives.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because they were in need of clothes and food.B. Because they wanted to find honey.C. Because they wanted to take revenge.D. Because they intended to occupy the village.15. A. Because they migrated from Africa.B. Because they are a rare group surviving on the Andamans.C. Because they store precious honey.D. Because their DNA is valuable for scientific study.16. A. They want to learn local language.B. They come to see the outside world.C. They are chasing away outsiders.D. They need drinks and cigarettes.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation:Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation:II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Being skinny is not beautiful but being healthy is. Most young people, unfortunately, (25)______(convince) that being thin, and therefore being stylish is a major way of maintaining self-worth. To make the matter worse, they might take this so far that they are likely to end up (26)______ eating disorders.Eating disorders are psychological illnesses defined by abnormal eating habits, (27)______ may involve either insufficient or too much food intake to the damage of an individual's physical and mental health. Bulimia nervosa(暴食症) and anorexia nervosa（食欲匮乏）are the(28)______(common) forms of eating disorders.(29)______ diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are well under a healthy bodyweight. But patients with bulimia nervosa may have a body weight that falls within the range from normal tooverweight. (30)_____ primarily thought of as affecting females, eating disorders influence males as well.The precise cause of eating disorders is not entirely understood, but (31)______ is agreed that the disease is linked to other medical conditions and situations. Besides, cultural idealization of thinness and youthfulness also contributes to (32)______(reduce) weight forcefully. The problem has affected a large population worldwide.(B)A new report said middle class workers could still be working (33)______ ______ they are at the age of 70, to help out their grown up children.Middle class workers (34)______(age) 50 and above are being forced to delay their retirement, with many blaming their children, a report revealed yesterday.To many middle class workers, (35)______ bothered them from work couldn't compare with the possibility that they might postpone their retirement date by around five years.It is not just the rising cost of living that is causing the delay. Many pointed to the fact that they are constantly having to provide for their grown-up children at an age (36)______ they assumed they should be financially independent.Actually, one in five middle class workers (37)______ keep working in order to support their children. Many workers struggled all along to the retirement date, only (38)______(realize) that they had to switch to a part-time working pattern, also called semi-retirement. Rarely (39)______ people hear of the concept of semi-retirement in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s and 60s, regarded as (40)______ sign of the country’s on-going worsening economy.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A drop in the sun's radiation can cause cold winters in parts of North America and Europe, scientists say, a finding that could improve long-range forecasts and help countries ___41___ for storms.Scientists have known for a long time that the sun has an 11-year cycle during which radiation from the sun reaches a(n) ___42___ then falls. But detecting a clear link of the cycle to the weather has proved much ___43___ ."Our research notices a link between solar activities and regional winter climate," lead author Sarah Ineson of the UK Met Office told the reporters in an email.Her team focused on the data from the recent minimum solar radiation period during 2008-10, which was a(n) ___44___ calm period for the sun but at the same time, ___45___ winters in the U.S and Europe were recorded which brought troubles to many businesses and made people’s lives difficult.The researchers found that a reduction in radiation from the sun can affect wind patterns , ___46___cold winters."While radiation levels won't tell us what the day-to-day weather will be, they provide the exciting ___47___of improved prediction for winter conditions for months and even years ahead. These predictions play an important role in long-term weather planning," Ineson said.Ineson's team used the data in a complex computer to ___48___ long-term weather patterns. It successfully reproduced what scientists had observed happening in the upper atmosphere during changes in solar radiation. More study was needed, though. The key ___49___ in the experiment lay in the satellite data used, because it spans(跨度) only a few years. "So there are still questions concerning whether the current research results are accurate and whether they can be ___50___ to other solar cycles," she said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Recently, Pew Research Center announced that over a quarter of Americans have shared a selfie online. Unsurprisingly, the practice of photographing oneself and sharing that image via social media has ___51___ among all age groups. Evidence of its mainstream nature is seen in other aspects of our culture too. Last year, "selfie" was not only added to the Oxford English Dictionary, but also named Word of the Year.Yet, despite the huge number of people practicing it, ___52___ is also surrounding selfie. An assumption that sharing selfies is embarrassing runs throughout the journalistic and scholarly coverage on the topic. Negative words like "self-centered" and "___53___" have inevitably become a part of any conversation about selfies among scholars.But, over a quarter of all Americans are relying on it. Why? The usual reasons given by scholars—self-center and fame-seeking—seem too ___54___ to explain such a crowd acting. There is always more to a social cultural practice than what ___55___.Simply put, physical and digital technology make it possible. The idea that technology ___56___ the social world and our lives has been recognized by people. To some extent, world is shaped by technological revolutions. The selfie is not a(n) ___57___ form of expression. Artists have created self-portraits for centuries, from cave to oil paintings, to early photography and modern art. People are ___58___ their feelings and thoughts through certain media. What's original about today's selfie is its public popularity. Technological advancement ___59___ the self-portrait used to be restricted to the art world and gave it to the masses. Those digital front-facing cameras, social media platforms, and wireless communications conveniently available make selfie a job ___60___ any time anywhere.Besides, We are not ___61___ beings living by ourselves. We are social beings who live in social communities, and as such, our lives are fundamentally formed by social relations with other people. As photos meant to be ___62___, selfies are not individual acts; they are social gestures.Selfies, as well as our presence on social media generally, are a part of “identity work"--the work that we do on a daily basis to ___63___ that we are seen by others as we wish to be seen. In fact, the crafting and display of identity has long been understood as a social process. The selfies we take and show are to present a ___64___ image of us so as to become a part of our identity formation and ___65___.51. A. flowered B. returned C. imposed D. functioned52. A. negotiation B. criticism C. regret D. punishment53. A. self-contained B. self-evident C. self-absorbed D. self-financed54. A. necessary B. smart C. certain D. shallow55. A. meets the eye B. takes the lead C. raises the alarm D. makes the point56. A. operates B. produces C. structures D. ruins57. A. advanced B. new C. intelligent D. available58. A. offering B. revising C. inspiring D. conveying59. A. liberated B. tagged C. honoured D. maintained60. A. at length B. with ease C. at large D. with regards61. A. isolated B. courageous C. traditional D. civilized62. A. saved B. shared C. updated D. deleted63. A. claim B. suppose C. ensure D. signal64. A. fashionable B. skillful C. mysterious D. particular65. A. summary B. evaluation C. monitoring D. exhibitionSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jack looked up and saw in the distance red and green navigation lights coming towards them and knew it must be a naval patrol(巡逻) boat because of its speed. As the humming of the boat’s powerful engines drew closer, Jack bent down.Jack then let out a frightened cry as the brilliant beam of a searchlight broke the darkness and swept the fishing boat from head to tail. By its reflected light, Jack could clearly see the similar looks on the faces of other bent ones.Jack knew that if the patrol boat came close enough, its men would surely see the people hidden in the fishing boat. To collect himself, he leaned his head a little so that he could see Derek standing in the head of the boat, holding the tiller(舵柄). Derek managed to wave back at the patrol boat as if he had not a care in the world. How imperturbable he was!Someone on board the patrol boat switched on a loud speaker and a voice, made harsh and thin by its horn, demanded,” Where are you bound?”Derek shrugged and shouted back, “Tell me where the fish run and I’ll tell you where I am bound.”The noise of idling engines drowned his voice.“Say again!” barked the speaker.“Anywhere where there’s fish!”Derek shouted back. There was a pause. The boats drifted closer to each other.“Why aren’t you showing navigation lights?”Jack watched as Derek pretended to look puzzled and leant out over the side as if to see what they said were true. “They must have blown out,” he apologized with a shrug. “I’ll light them again as soon as you stop rocking me about like this.”Aboard the patrol boat, the captain was wondering if it would be worthwhile searching this old fishing boat for stowaways as how many breathing souls could such a shabby boat hide? The radio suddenly cackled. Abruptly, without another word being exchanged, the light went out and the patrol boat started its engines, speeding off into the dark, leaving the fishing boat floating about in the water.66. Jack let out a scared cry because he ______.A. saw something in the seaB. was afraid of being discoveredC. was blinded by the bright lightsD. was scared by the faces of companions.67. The patrol boat captain did not search the fishing boat as he ______.A. didn’t find it worthwhileB. looked down upon the shabby old fishing boatC. trusted Derek very much.D. was called to another place via the radio68. The underlined word “imperturbable” in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.A. anxiousB. nervousC. calmD. sociable69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Derek didn’t realize that Jack and others hid in the fishing boat.B. The captain was suspicious of what Derek told him.C. The patrol boat approached the fishing boat to inspect illegal goods.D. Derek succeeded in covering up for the Jack and others on the boat.(B)70. The two places of interest that enjoy high temperatures are ______.A. Tucson and NewfoundlandB. Grenada and GrimseyC. Newfoudnland and CuencaD. Tucson and Cuenca71. The creature(s) mentioned in the booklet that is not afraid of cold weather is ______.A. uropygialis birdsB. whales and seabirdsC. puffin birds.D. hunting dog72. Cuenca’s major tourist attraction is ______.A. the hanging rocky face of an art museumB. a naturally formed castleC. the famous bakery in the summer timeD. a wooden pedestrian swinging bridge73. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the booklets?A. There are no people living in Grimsay due to the extreme whether.B. Grenada would especially appeal to the cooking fans.C. The most impressive focus of attraction in Southern Belize is the Blue Hole.D. People’s safety in Tucson can’t be guaranteed by the local government.(C)Trade has a pretty bad name in some quarters. Trade robs poor people of a proper living, and keeps them trapped in poverty. There is a widely held popular view that trade is unfair.Though many claim that a freer trade would change the current indecent reputation of world market, the cure-all free trade is the dream of most textbook economists. In fact, "Free trade" has been used successfully by powerful countries to land their mass-produced goods on fresh overseas dumping grounds and squeeze out local household businesses and craftsmanship.At home the story is different. Large firms have little appetite for free trade and competition in their own backyard. They prefer to enjoy the advantages and protections for which they have carefully earned. Free thus fierce competition has little appeal for those who understand that they will make more profit if they can corner the market, whether at home or abroad.By contrast, making trade fairer is about addressing both outcomes and processes of trade. Fairness is not just moral request. It affects behaviour. Actually the concept of fairness increases steadily as societies achieve greater market uprightness: Businessmen from upright societies are willing to punish those who do not play fair, even if this is costly to themselves.Fairer trade rather than freer trade could partly mend mal-administering of resources in certain areas. Though thought of as evil economic policies in the west world, carefully planned special preferences and protectionism could be used intelligently to help to block the economic robbery of the rich class in African countries, and to improve the lives of the bottom billion.Fairness is also important in the control of trade. The current International trade negotiations have resulted in rules favouring the powerful. The rules are made in negotiations in which the countries in control call the shots, and do not always do so in good faith. Industrialized countries were often found to have obtained definite and far-reaching commitments from developing countries, in exchange for vague promises, such as to liberalise agriculture, which they have not kept. On the other hand, the essence of the fair trade lies in the promise that every party benefit from the business, rich or poor, powerful or weak.Making trade fairer is important to avoid a further public hate against trade. It is also important so as better to balance trade goals with other important national goals such as environmental and social protection. Finally, the so-called free trade system needs to be made fairer so that it does not block competition, and crush innovation and business spirit. It needs to offer a more level playing field to commercial newcomers and competitors in rich and poor countries alike.74. Free trade is a conc ept at rich countries’ service to ______.A. open up new markets abroadB. define trade in the economic textbooksC. dump pollutants in poor countriesD. learn the skills from local household businesses.75. The key mechanism of fair trade is ______.A. punishing the rich countries when they cheat the poor countriesB. making sure that rich countries provide more chances for poor countriesC. promoting special preferences and protectionism in poor areasD. guaranteeing the common interests of all the dealers76. The underlined word “mal-administering” in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.A. macro-managementB. overall collectionC. uneven distributionD. negative mining77. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Large firms earn huge profits from free trade on domestic markets.B. Honest dealers would sacrifice their own interest to discipline the dishonest.C. Special preferences and protectionism are occasionally adopted in western countries.D. A fairer trade helps to ease competition between the rich and the poor.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Few would argue that there has not been significant technological progress in the field of self-driving cars in recent years. Aside from the technology question, the legislative issue gives the world a worse headache. The content of the trouble centres on the question of who is to blame in a crash. The legal field tends to have the owners take responsibility for the messes their cold lifeless machine makes, for which case an explosion of lawsuits are well expected.Today, many of the car manufacturers and their suppliers are researching self-driving technology, but it is unclear why they would want to roll it out quickly. A consumer in America, for example, uses his or her car for approximately one hour per day. There is, therefore, a large amount of "free capacity" in the personal vehicle use market. Imagine a world where you can be driven to work, and where your car can then turn around and drive home so that your partner or anybody else can use it during the day. This shared use pattern could certainly stop the need to own a second car. Taken to its logical conclusion, it could even be the biggest reason to eliminate the need to own a car at all. The effects on car sales volumes could be destructive.The possible violation of privacy is also a big issue on the map. We all know that consumer data is big business. A self-driving car would easily log where you visited, the time of the day you went, and much more. Though your purchase preferences might escape secret peeping, the leakage of your whereabouts seems inevitable as it’s hard to do what you are alw ays doing to your smartphone toward the sole tool of transportation. Power off the big steel fellow and you are stuck on the road. The now excitedly expecting public are sure to be annoyed soon.Much discussed, the poor application of the technology outweighs the previous factors. In car industry, new vehicle features take a long time to get to broad market mass. Features are typically launched first on high-end vehicles, and then trickle down once there is sufficient space in the market to generate the scale affordable for the volume vehicles. With a car model's life cycle being between five and seven years, it is hard to see self-driving technology being fitted as standards of the mass-market brands.We still have a long way off from a world of completely self-driving cars.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. The likelihood to take the car owners as the guilty party in traffic accidents will give rise to ______.79. What feature of the self-driving car would mainly affect car sales?80. How can we prevent our personal data from being monitored by the self-driving car?81. The most serious problem facing the self-driving car is _______.II卷（共47分）I. Translation（22分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．语言运用需要足够的词汇量为基础。

2015年上海闸北区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷

2015年上海闸北区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空1、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第1题ABeing skinny is not beautiful but being healthy is. Most young people,unfortunately, 1(convince) that being thin, and therefore being stylish is a major way of maintaining self-worth. To make the matter worse, they might take this so far that they are likely to end up 2eating disorders.Eating disorders are psychological illnesses defined by abnormal eatinghabits, 3may involve either insufficient or too much food intake to the damage of an individual's physical and mental health. Bulimia nervosa(暴食症) and anorexia nervosa（食欲匮乏） are the 4 (common) forms of eating disorders.5diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are well under a healthy bodyweight. But patients with bulimia nervosa may have a body weight that falls within the range from normal to overweight.6 primarily thought of as affecting females, eating disorders influence males as well.The precise cause of eating disorders is not entirely understood, but7 is agreed that the disease is linked to other medical conditions and situations. Besides, cultural idealization of thinness and youthfulness also contributes to8(reduce) weight forcefully. The problem has affected a large population worldwide.2、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第2题BA new report said middle class workers could still be working 1they are at the age of 70, to help out their grown up children.Middle class workers 2(age) 50 and above are being forced to delay their retirement, with many blaming their children, a report revealed yesterday.To many middle class workers, 3bothered them from work couldn't compare with the possibility that they might postpone their retirement date by around five years.It is not just the rising cost of living that is causing the delay. Many pointed to the fact that they are constantly having to provide for their grown-up children at an age 4 they assumed they should be financially independent.Actually, one in five middle class workers 5 keep working in order to support their children. Many workers struggled all along to the retirement date,only 6(realize) that they had to switch to a part-time working pattern, also called semi-retirement. Rarely7people hear of the concept of semi-retirement in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s and 60s, regarded as 8sign of the country’s on-going worsening economy.二、选词填空3、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第3题A drop in the sun's radiation can cause cold winters in parts of North America and Europe, scientists say, a finding that could improve long-range forecasts and help countries1for storms.Scientists have known for a long time that the sun has an 11-year cycle during which radiation from the sun reaches a(n)2then falls. But detecting a clear link of the cycle to the weather has proved much3."Our research notices a link between solar activities and regional winter climate, " lead author Sarah Ineson of the UK Met Office told the reporters in an e-mail.Her team focused on the data from the recent minimum solar radiation period during 2008-10, which was a(n)4calm period for the sun but at the sametime,5winters in the U.S and Europe were recorded which brought troubles to many businesses and made people's lives difficult.The researchers found that a reduction in radiation from the sun can affect windpatterns ,6cold winters."While radiation levels won't tell us what the day-to-day weather will be, they provide theexciting7of improved prediction for winter conditions for months and even years ahead. These predictions play an important role in long-term weather planning, " Ineson said.Ineson's team used the data in a complex computer to8long-term weather patterns. It successfully reproduced what scientists had observed happening in the upper atmosphere during changes in solar radiation. More study was needed, though. Thekey9in the experiment lay in the satellite data used, because it spans（跨度） only a few years. "So there are still questions concerning whether the current research results are accurate and whether they can be10to other solar cycles, " she said.A. peakB. prospectC. intenseD. indicatingE. mildF. uncertaintyG. unusuallyH. complicatedI. appliedJ. prepareK. model三、完形填空4、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第4题Recently, Pew Research Center announced that over a quarter of Americans have shared a selfie online. Unsurprisingly, the practice of photographing oneself and sharing that image via social mediahas1among all age groups. Evidence of its mainstream nature is seen in other aspects of our culture too. Last year, "selfie" was not only added to the Oxford English Dictionary, but also named Word of the Year.Yet, despite the huge number of people practicing it,2is also surrounding selfie. An assumption that sharing selfies is embarrassing runs throughout the journalistic and scholarly coverage on the topic. Negative words like "self-centered" and "3" have inevitably become a part of any conversation about selfies among scholars.But, over a quarter of all Americans are relying on it. Why? The usual reasons given by scholars—self-center and fame-seeking—seem too4to explain such a crowd acting. There is always more to a social cultural practice than what5.Simply put, physical and digital technology make it possible. The idea thattechnology6the social world and our lives has been recognized by people. To some extent, world is shaped by technological revolutions. The selfie is not a（n）7form of expression. Artists have created self-portraits for centuries, from cave to oil paintings, to early photography and modern art. Peopleare8their feelings and thoughts through certain media. What's original about today's selfie is its public popularity. Technological advancement9the self-portrait used to be restricted to the art world and gave it to the masses. Those digital front-facing cameras, social media platforms, and wireless communications conveniently available make selfie ajob10any time anywhere.Besides, We are not11beings living by ourselves. We are social beings who live in social communities, and as such, our lives are fundamentally formed by social relations with other people. As photos meant to be12, selfies are not individual acts; they are social gestures. Selfies, as well as our presence on social media generally, are a part of "identity work"—the work that we do on a daily basis to13that we are seen by others as we wish to be seen. In fact, the crafting and display of identity has long been understood as a social process. The selfies we take and show are to present a14image of us so as to become a part of our identity formation and15.A. floweredB. returnedC. imposedD. functionedA. negotiationB. criticismC. regretD. punishmentA. self-containedB. self-evidentC. self-absorbedD. self-financedA. necessaryB. smartC. certainD. shallowA. meets the eyeB. takes the leadC. raises the alarmD. makes the pointA. operatesB. producesC. structuresD. ruinsA. advancedB. newC. intelligentD. availableA. offeringB. revisingC. inspiringD. conveyingA. liberatedB. taggedC. honouredD. maintainedA. at lengthB. with easeC. at largeD. with regardsA. isolatedB. courageousC. traditionalD. civilizedA. savedB. sharedC. updatedD. deletedA. claimB. supposeC. ensureD. signalA. fashionableB. skillfulC. mysteriousD. particularA. summaryB. evaluationC. monitoringD. exhibition四、阅读理解5、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模（A篇）第5~8题Jack looked up and saw in the distance red and green navigation lights coming towards them and knew it must be a naval patrol（巡逻） boat because of its speed. As the humming of the boat's powerful engines drew closer, Jack bent down.Jack then let out a frightened cry as the brilliant beam of a searchlight broke the darkness and swept the fishing boat from head to tail. By its reflected light, Jack could clearly see the similar looks on the faces of other bent ones.Jack knew that if the patrol boat came close enough, its men would surely see the people hidden in the fishing boat. To collect himself, he leaned his head a little so that he could see Derek standing in the head of the boat, holding the tiller（舵柄）. Derek managed to wave back at the patrol boat as if he had not a care in the world. How TAL#NBSP imperturbable he was!Someone on board the patrol boat switched on a loud speaker and a voice, made harsh and thin by its horn, demanded, " Where are you bound? "Derek shrugged and shouted back, "Tell me where the fish run and I'll tell you where I am bound." The noise of idling engines drowned his voice."Say again!" barked the speaker."Anywhere where there's fish!" Derek shouted back. There was a pause. The boats drifted closer to each other."Why aren't you showing navigation lights? "Jack watched as Derek pretended to look puzzled and leant out over the side as if to see what they said were true. "They must have blown out, " he apologized with a shrug. "I'll light them again as soon as you stop rocking me about like this."Aboard the patrol boat, the captain was wondering if it would be worthwhile searching this old fishing boat for stowaways as how many breathing souls could such a shabby boat hide? The radio suddenly cackled. Abruptly, without another word being exchanged, the light went out and the patrol boat started its engines, speeding off into the dark, leaving the fishing boat floating about in the water.(1) Jack let out a scared cry because he.A. saw something in the seaB. was afraid of being discoveredC. was blinded by the bright lightsD. was scared by the faces of companions.(2) The patrol boat captain did not search the fishing boat as he.A. didn't find it worthwhileB. looked down upon the shabby old fishing boatC. trusted Derek very much.D. was called to another place via the radio(3) The underlined word "imperturbable" in the passage is closest in meaningto.A. anxiousB. nervousC. calmD. sociable(4) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Derek didn’t realize that Jack and others hid in the fishing boat.B. The captain was suspicious of what Derek told him.C. The patrol boat approached the fishing boat to inspect illegal goods.D. Derek succeeded in covering up for the Jack and others on the boat.6、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第6~9题(1) The two places of interest that enjoy high temperatures are.A. Tucson and NewfoundlandB. Grenada and GrimseyC. Newfoudnland and CuencaD. Tucson and Cuenca(2) The creature（s） mentioned in the booklet that is not afraid of cold weatheris.A. uropygialis birdsB. whales and seabirdsC. puffin birds.D. hunting dog(3) Cuenca's major tourist attraction is.A. the hanging rocky face of an art museumB. a naturally formed castleC. the famous bakery in the summer timeD. a wooden pedestrian swinging bridge(4) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the booklets?A. There are no people living in Grimsay due to the extreme whether.B. Grenada would especially appeal to the cooking fans.C. The most impressive focus of attraction in Southern Belize is the Blue Hole.D. People's safety in Tucson can't be guaranteed by the local government.7、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模（C篇）第7~10题2019~2020学年上海杨浦区上海市控江初级中学高一上学期期末（B篇）第59~62题Trade has a pretty bad name in some quarters. Trade robs poor people of a proper living, and keeps them trapped in poverty. There is a widely held popular view that trade is unfair.Though many claim that a freer trade would change the current indecent reputation of world market, the cure-all free trade is the dream of most textbook economists. In fact, "Free trade" has been used successfully by powerful countries to land their mass-produced goods on fresh overseas dumping grounds and squeeze out local household businesses and craftsmanship.At home the story is different. Large firms have little appetite for free trade and competition in their own backyard. They prefer to enjoy the advantages and protections for which they have carefully earned. Free thus fierce competition has little appeal for those who understand that they will make more profit if they can corner the market, whether at home or abroad.By contrast, making trade fairer is about addressing both outcomes and processes of trade. Fairness is not just moral request. It affects behaviour. Actually the concept of fairness increases steadily as societies achieve greater market uprightness: Businessmen from upright societies are willing to punish those who do not play fair, even if this is costly to themselves.Fairer trade rather than freer trade could partly mend mal-administering of resources in certain areas. Though thought of as evil economic policies in the west world, carefully planned special preferences and protectionism could be used intelligently to help to block the economic robbery of the rich class in African countries, and to improve the lives of the bottom billion.Fairness is also important in the control of trade. The current International trade negotiations have resulted in rules favouring the powerful. The rules are made in negotiations in which the countries in control call the shots, and do not always do so in good faith. Industrialized countries were often found to have obtained definite and far-reaching commitments from developing countries, in exchange for vague promises, such as to liberalise agriculture, which they have not kept. On the other hand, the essence of the fair trade lies in the promise that every party benefit from the business, rich or poor, powerful or weak.Making trade fairer is important to avoid a further public hate against trade. It is also important so as better to balance trade goals with other important national goals such as environmental and social protection. Finally, the so-called free trade system needs to be made fairer so that it does not block competition, and crush innovation and business spirit. It needs to offer a more level playing field to commercial newcomers and competitors in rich and poor countries alike.(1) Free trade is a concept at rich countries' service to.A. open up new markets abroadB. define trade in the economic textbooksC. dump pollutants in poor countriesD. learn the skills from local household businesses.(2) The key mechanism of fair trade is.A. punishing the rich countries when they cheat the poor countriesB. making sure that rich countries provide more chances for poor countriesC. promoting special preferences and protectionism in poor areasD. guaranteeing the common interests of all the dealers(3) The underlined word "mal-administering" in the passage is closest in meaningto.A. macro-managementB. overall collectionC. uneven distributionD. negative mining(4) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Large firms earn huge profits from free trade on domestic markets.B. Honest dealers would sacrifice their own interest to discipline the dishonest.C. Special preferences and protectionism are occasionally adopted in western countries.D. A fairer trade helps to ease competition between the rich and the poor.五、任务型阅读8、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第8~11题Few would argue that there has not been significant technological progress in the field of self-driving cars in recent years. Aside from the technology question, the legislative issue gives the world a worse headache. The content of the trouble centres on the question of who is to blame in a crash. The legal field tends to have the owners take responsibility for the messes their cold lifeless machine makes, for which case an explosion of lawsuits are well expected.Today, many of the car manufacturers and their suppliers are researching self-driving technology, but it is unclear why they would want to roll it out quickly. A consumer in America, for example, uses his or her car for approximately one hour per day. There is, therefore, a large amount of "free capacity" in the personal vehicle use market. Imagine a world where you can be driven to work, and where your car can then turn around and drive home so that your partner or anybody else can use it during the day. This shared use pattern could certainly stop the need to own a second car. Taken to its logical conclusion, it could evenbe the biggest reason to eliminate the need to own a car at all. The effects on car sales volumes could be destructive.The possible violation of privacy is also a big issue on the map. We all know that consumer data is big business. A self-driving car would easily log where you visited, the time of the day you went, and much more. Though your purchase preferences might escape secret peeping, the leakage of your whereabouts seems inevitable as it's hard to do what you are always doing to your smartphone toward the sole tool of transportation. Power off the big steel fellow and you are stuck on the road. The now excitedly expecting public are sure to be annoyed soon.Much discussed, the poor application of the technology outweighs the previous factors. In car industry, new vehicle features take a long time to get to broad market mass. Features are typically launched first on high-end vehicles, and then trickle down once there is sufficient space in the market to generate the scale affordable for the volume vehicles. With a car model's life cycle being between five and seven years, it is hard to see self-driving technology being fitted as standards of the mass-market brands.We still have a long way off from a world of completely self-driving cars.(1) The likelihood to take the car owners as the guilty party in traffic accidents will give riseto.(2) What feature of the self-driving car would mainly affect car sales?(3) How can we prevent our personal data from being monitored by the self-driving car?(4) The most serious problem facing the self-driving car is.六、翻译9、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三二模第9题翻译(1) 语言运用需要足够的词汇量为基础。

2015年闸北区二模卷(文理科含答案)

闸北区2014学年度第二学期高三数学（文科）期中练习卷考生注意：1. 本次测试有试题纸和答题纸，解答必须在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的解答无效2 .答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将姓名、学校、考试号，以及试卷类型等填写清楚，并在规定区域内贴上条形码3 .本试卷共有18道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟一、填空题（60分）本大题共有10题，要求在答题纸相应题序的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得6分，否则一律得零分1.设幂函数()f x 的图像经过点()8,4，则函数()f x 的奇偶性为 .2.已知实数,x y 满足121y y x x y m ≥⎧⎪≤-⎨⎪+≤⎩，如果目标函数z x y =-的最小值为1-，则实数m 等于 .3.直线1y =与曲线2y x x a =-+有四个交点，则实数a 的取值范围是 .4.已知定义域为R 的函数()y f x =的图像关于点()1,0-对称，()y g x =是()y f x =的反函数，若120x x +=，则()()12g x g x += .5.设12,12,N 1,3,N 3n n nn n a n n -⎧≤≤∈⎪=⎨≥∈⎪⎩数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S ，则lim n n S →∞= .6.设复数122,12z i z i =+=+，在复平面的对应的向量分别为,OA OB ，则向量AB 对应的复数所对应的点的坐标为 .7.若二项式nx ⎛+ ⎝展开式中只有第四项的系数最大，则这个展开式中任取一项为有理项的概率是 .8.观察下表：12343456745678910设第n 行的各数之和为n S ，则2limnn S n →∞= . 9.从双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左焦点F 引圆222x y a +=的切线，切点为T ，延长FT交双曲线右支于点P ，若M 是线段FP 的中点，O 为原点，则MO MT -的值是 .()42底面边长为高为2的直平行六面体()32底面直径和高均为的圆锥()12棱长为的正方体()22底面直径和高都为的圆柱10.已知集合(){},R,R U x y x y =∈∈，(){},M x y x y a =+<，(){},()P x y y f x ==，现给出下列函数：①x y a =；②log a y x =；③()sin y x a =+；④cos y ax =，若01a <<时，恒有UPM P =，则所有满足条件的函数()f x 的编号是 .二、选择题（15分）本大题共有3题，每题都给出四个结论，其中有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把答题纸上相应题序内的正确结论代号涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律零分 11.下列命题中，正确的个数是（）（1）直线上有两个点到平面的距离相等，则这条直线和这个平面平行；（2）,a b 为异面直线，则过a 且与b 平行的平面有且仅有一个；（3）直四棱柱是直平行六面体（4）两相邻侧面所成角相等的棱锥是正棱锥 A.0 B.1 C.2 D.312.已知函数2()f x x x c =++，若(0)0,()0f f p ><，则必有（）A.(1)0f p +>B.(1)0f p +<C.(1)0f p +=D.(1)f p +的符号不能确定 13.如图，下列四个几何题中，他们的三视图（主视图，俯视图，侧视图）有且仅有两个相同，而另一个不同的两个几何体是（） A.（1）、（2） B.（1）、（3） C.（2）、（3） D.（1）、（4）三、解答题（本题满分75分）本题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸的规定区域（对应的题号）内写出必要步骤14.（本题满分12分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题7分）如图AB 是圆柱体1OO 的一条母线，已知BC 过底面圆的圆心O ，D 是圆O 上不与,B C 重合的任意一点，5,5,3AB BC CD ===.（1）求直线AC 与直线BD 所成角的大小；（2）将四面体ABCD 绕母线AB 旋转一周，求ACD ∆的三边在旋转过程中所围成的几何体的体积.15.（本题满分14分，第（1）（2）小题各3分，第（3）（4）小题各4分）请你指出函数()()R 1xy f x x x==∈+的基本性质（不必证明，并判断以下四个命题的正确性，必要时可直接运用有关其基本性质的结论加以证明）（1）当R x ∈时，等式()()0f x f x +-=恒成立；（2）若12()()f x f x ≠，则一定有12x x ≠；（3）若0m >，方程()f x m =有两个不相等的实数解；（4）函数()()g x f x x =-在R 上有三个零点.DOB 1O A C16.（本题满分15分，第（1）小题6分，第（2）小题9分）如图所示，某市拟在长为8km 道路OP 的一侧修建一条运动赛道，赛道的前一部分为曲线段OSM ，该曲线段为函数()[]()sin 0,00,4y A x A x ωω=>>∈的图像，且图像的最高点为(S ，赛道的后一部分为折线段MNP ，且120MNP ︒∠=.（1）求M P 、两点间的直线距离；（2）求折线段赛道MNP 长度的最大值.17.（本题满分16分，第（1）小题6分，第（2）小题10分）已知圆()221:18C x y ++=，点()21,0C ，点Q 在圆1C 上运动，2QC 的垂直平分线交1QC 于点P .（1）求动点P 的轨迹W 方程；（2）过点10,3S ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭且斜率为k 的动直线l 交曲线W 于,A B 两点，在y 轴上是否存在定点D ，使以AB 为直径的圆恒过这个点？若存在，请求出点D 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由.18. （本题满分18分，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题6分，第（3）小题8分）我们把一系列向量()1,2,,i a i n =按次序排成一列，称之为向量列，记作{}n a .已知向量列{}n a 满足：()11,1a =， ()()()11111,,22n n n n n n n a x y x y x y n ----==-+≥. （1）证明：数列{}n a 是等比数列；（2）设n θ表示向量1n a -与n a 间的夹角，若21n n b n θ=-，12n n S b b b =+++，求n S ；（3）设2log n n n c a a =，问数列{}n c 中是否存在最小项？若存在，求出最小项；若不存在，请说明理由.闸北区2014学年度第二学期高三数学（理科）期中练习卷考生注意：1. 本次测试有试题纸和答题纸，解答必须在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的解答无效2. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将姓名、学校、考试号，以及试卷类型等填写清楚，并在规定区域内贴上条形码3. 本试卷共有18道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟一、填空题（60分）本大题共有10题，要求在答题纸相应题序的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得6分，否则一律得零分1.设幂函数()f x 的图像经过点()8,4，则函数()f x 的奇偶性为 .2.设复数122,12z i z i =+=+，在复平面的对应的向量分别为,OA OB ，则向量AB 对应的复数所对应的点的坐标为 .3.已知定义域为R 的函数()y f x =的图像关于点()1,0-对称，()y g x =是()y f x =的反函数，若120x x +=，则()()12g x g x += .4.一个篮球运动员投篮一次得3分的概率为a ，得2分的概率为b ，不得分的概率为c ，其中(),,0,1a b c ∈，已知投篮一次得分的期望是2，则ab 的最大值是 .5.设12,12,N 1,3,N 3n n nn n a n n -⎧≤≤∈⎪=⎨≥∈⎪⎩数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S ，则lim n n S →∞= .6.设函数266,0,()4,0.x x x f x x x ⎧-+≥=⎨+<⎩，若存在互不相等的实数123,,x x x 满足123()()()f x f x f x ==，则123x x x ++的取值范围 .7.若二项式nx ⎛+ ⎝展开式中只有第四项的系数最大，则这个展开式中任取一项为有理项的概率是 .9.从双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左焦点F 引圆222x y a +=的切线，切点为T ，延长FT交双曲线右支于点P ，若M 是线段FP 的中点，O 为原点，则MO MT -的值是 . 10.把正整数排成如图（a ）的三角形数阵，然后擦去第偶数行中的所有奇数，第奇数行中的所有偶数，可得如图（b ）三角形数阵，现将图（b ）中的正整数安小到大的顺序构成一个数列{},2015,n k a a k ==若则 .123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536124579101214161719212325262830323436（a ） (b)二、选择题（15分）本大题共有3题，每题都给出四个结论，其中有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把答题纸上相应题序内的正确结论代号涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律零分 11.下列命题中，正确的个数是（1）直线上有两个点到平面的距离相等，则这条直线和这个平面平行；（2）,a b 为异面直线，则过a 且与b 平行的平面有且仅有一个；（3）直四棱柱是直平行六面体（4）两相邻侧面所成角相等的棱锥是正棱锥（） A.0 B.1 C.2 D.312.在极坐标系中，关于曲线C :4sin()3πρθ=-，下列判断中正确的是（）A.曲线C 关于直线56πθ=对称 B.曲线C 关于直线3πθ=对称 C.曲线C 关于点2,3π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭对称 D.曲线C 关于点()0,0对称13.已知O 是正三角形ABC ∆内部的一点，230OA OB OC ++=,则OAC ∆的面积与OAB ∆的面积之比是（）A.32 B.23C.2D.1 三、解答题（本题满分75分）本题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸的规定区域（对应的题号）内写出必要步骤14.（本题满分12分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题7分）如图AB 是圆柱体1OO 的一条母线，已知BC 过底面圆的圆心O ，D 是圆O 上不与,B C 重合的任意一点，5,5,3AB BC CD ===（1）求直线AC 与直线BD 所成角的大小；（2）将四面体ABCD 绕母线AB 旋转一周，求ACD ∆的三边在旋转过程中所围成的几何体的体积DOB 1O A C15.（本题满分13分，第（1）小题各5分，第（2）小题各8分）如图所示，某市拟在长为8km 道路OP 的一侧修建一条运动赛道，赛道的前一部分为曲线段OSM ，该曲线段为函数()[]()sin 0,00,4y A x A x ωω=>>∈的图像，且图像的最高点为(S ，赛道的后一部分为折线段MNP ，且120MNP ︒∠=.（1）求M P 、两点间的直线距离；（2）求折线段赛道MNP 长度的最大值.16.（本题满分16分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题9分）已知圆()221:18C x y ++=，点()2:1,0C ，点Q 在圆1C 上运动，2QC 的垂直平分线交1QC 于点P（1）求动点P 的轨迹W 方程；（2）过点10,3S ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭且斜率为k 的动直线l 交曲线W 于,A B 两点，在y 轴上是否存在定点D ，使以AB 为直径的圆恒过这个点？若存在，请求出点D 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由.17. （本题满分18，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题5分，第（2）小题9分）设函数()y f x =的定义域为D ，值域为A ，如果存在函数()x g t =，使得函数[]()y f g t =的值域仍是A ，那么称()x g t =是函数()y f x =的一个等值域变换.（1）判断下列函数()x g t =是不是函数()y f x =的一个等值域变换?说明你的理由； ①2()log ,0f x x x =>，()x g t =1,0t t t=+>；②2()1,R f x x x x =-+∈，()x g t =2,R t t =∈.（2）设函数()y f x =的定义域为D ，值域为A ，函数()g t 的定义域为1D ，值域为1A ，那么“1D A =”是否是“()x g t =是()y f x =的一个等值变换”的一个必要条件？说明理由.（3）设()2log f x x =的定义域为[]2,8，已知()2231mt t nx g t t -+==+是()y f x =的一个等值变换，且函数()y f g t =⎡⎤⎣⎦的定义域为R ，求实数,m n 的值.18. （本题满分18分，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题6分，第（3）小题8分）我们把一系列向量()1,2,,i a i n =按次序排成一列，称之为向量列，记作{}n a .已知向量列{}na 满足：()11,1a =， ()()()11111,,22nn n n n n n ax y x y x y n ----==-+≥. （1）证明：数列{}n a 是等比数列；（2）设2log n n n c a a =，问数列{}n c 中是否存在最小项？若存在，求出最小项；若不存在，请说明理由.（3）设n θ表示向量1n a -与n a 间的夹角，若2nn n b θπ=，对于任意的正整数n ，不等式()211log 122a n ab +>-恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围.答案。

上海市各区2014-2015年高三英语二模试卷分类汇编----语法填空-老师版(已经校对)

One【20152虹口区】(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives. From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and (36) seems to, according t o a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up. (38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says.“How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is (40) we are all struggling with.”Keys:25. would leave/be leaving/were leaving 26. which 27.crying 28. the29. more complex 30. to 31. even though/if32. to design 33. How 34. leading 35. afforded 36. it 37. whose 38. if 39.have been focused 40. whatTwo【20152黄浦区】(A)Positive thinking can help you win.Some athletes can reach great goals such as the achievement of an Olympic gold medal. Others never live up to their promise. What kind of preparation before (25)_______ race or other event makes the difference?Everyone knows that athletes spare no effort (26)_______ (strengthen) their bodies. But researches show that strengthening the mind may be just as important. Careful study indicates that the best athletes win partly (27)_______ they think they can win.Thinking positive thoughts seems to give the possibility for success in sports. People who say to themselves over and over “I know I (28)_______ do this. ” often find they have the advantage to win. On the other hand, people often fail who think “I can’t win.”One procedure (29)_______ helps many athletes is creating pictures in the mind. They are told to think of each move they must do. Some use more fanciful pictures. One skater liked to imagine a star bursting inside her, (30)_______(fill) her with energy. Another athlete who wanted to feel calm pictured himself as a bird floating in the air.Next time you want to make progress, try training your mind to help you. Perhaps a teacher or other instructor can help you plan your training. If you imagine yourself doing (31)_______ (well), you may soon see improvement in (32)_______ you really can do. Positive thinking and pictures created in your mind can help you win!(B)Two British coloniesAustralia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the 17th century. These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than exploring it. As in the early history of the United States, it was theEnglish (33)_______ set up the settlements in America. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some (34)_______ things in common.Australia and the United States are about equal in size, and neither of their western lands are rich in soil. It was along the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this Westward Movement took place more because the English (35)_______ (search) for better land than because the population was increasing. Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold (36)_______ (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some striking differences as wel l. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without (37)______ (go) to war. Australia, firstly (38)_______ (turn) into a colony by English prisoners, was unlike the United States, and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as there are people now in the United States. Yet, (39)_______ _______ _______ these and other main differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one (40)_______ (have) with the rest of the world.Keys:25. a 26. to strengthen 27.because 28. can 29. which/that 30. filling 31. better 32. what33. who/that 34. other 35. were searching 36. was discovered 37. going 38. turned 39. in spite of 40. hasThree【20152闵行区】(A)The year was 1932. Amelia Earhart was flying alone from North America to England in a small single-engined airplane. At midnight, several hours after she had left Newfoundland, she ran into bad weather. To make things worse, her altimeter (高度表) failed and she didn’t know how high she (25) ______ (fly). At night, and in a storm, a pilot was in great difficulty without an altimeter. At times, her plane nearly plunged into the sea.Just before dawn, there was further trouble. Amelia noticed flames coming from the engine. With all the difficulties, Amelia Earhart wasn’t sure if she (26) ______ reach land. There was nothing to do but keep (27) ______ (go).In the end, Amelia Earhart did reach Ireland. It was with the great courage (28) ______ she made the safe landing. And for the courage she had shown, she was warmly welcomed in England and Europe. When she returned to the United States, she (29) ______ (honor) by President Hoover at a special dinner in the White House. From that time on, Amelia Earhart was famous.What was so important about her flight? Amelia Earhart was the first woman(30) ______ (fly) the Atlantic Ocean alone, and she had set a record of fourteen hours and fifty-six minutes.In the years that followed, Amelia Earhart made several flights across the United States, and on each occasion she set a new record for flying time and was (31) _____ (skillful) than her previous flight. Amelia Earhart made these flights to show that women had a place in aviation (航空) and that air travel was useful. Her passion for flight lasted in her remaining life (32) ______ she mysteriously disappeared from public in the year 1937.(B)It has become acceptable for people to say that women work less than men and therefore deserve less! It may have been true in the past when women were expectedto stay at home and look after children, but women have changed over the years. They have “come out”! Gone (33) ______ (be) the days when th ey toiled (辛苦) the kitchen stove all day long; they are now aware of their needs and are willing to fight for them. They expect to be given the respect they deserve, both at home and at work. They have realized (34) ______ intellectual potential and have determined to do something about it!Women on two wheels have become (35) ______ familiar sight on the roads of most Asian countries during the past few years. It is common to find a woman (36) ______ (take) her children on her bicycle to school and then reaching her office in time.“Super woman” (37) ______ she is, it is rather difficult to combine a career and a decent home life. She needs to feel (38) ______ (support). She may arrive at work feeling as if she has already done a full day’s job. (39) ______ colleagues doubt her passion to her job, she will feel sad. At the same time, women of today expect their partners to contribute towards childcare and household chores.Today’s women are learning to avoid situations that make them feel more stressed and it is a hard struggle. (40) ______ ______ ______all this, the new woman, “the superpower” has arrived. She still believes in the power and value of a family unit and she holds it in high esteem (尊重).Keys25. was flying 26. could 27. going 28. that29. was honored 30. to fly 31. more skillful 32. until33. are 34. their 35. a 36. taking37. as /though 38. supported 39. If 40. In spite ofFour【20152普陀区】(A)Good ideas often start with really silly questions. Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day. As he stood there making waffles(华夫饼干) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (25)___ his waffle iron. Later, he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at. In fact, every single company turned him down. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman persevered and went on (26) (form) his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes.Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration. When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork (27)____(deliver) across the country the next day. Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible. He sat for a long while (28)____ (wonder) why. Why couldn’t there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one. Smith did just that and turned his design into (29)____ class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. However, Smith was not through. He improved the ideas in that class project and eventually turned (30)____ into one of the first and (31)____ (successful) overnight mail services in the world—FedEx.We know today, of course, that each of these ideas led to an incredibly successful product or service (32)____ has changed the way many of us live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly. Children aren’t afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are. Think how different the world might be (33)____ people never asked “silly” question!(B)A lot of people in the world today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money—but many of them aren’t happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy, (34) they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people who have a happy life to f ind out how they do it. “I (35)____ (study) happiness for over 30 years,” says Csikszentmihalyi. “My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II, when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person (36)____ build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.”In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people d on’t waste time, either at work or when they’re free. “Many people feel the time that they spend at work or at school wasted. But often their free time (37)____ (waste) as well. Many people are used to doing passive things—watching television, for example—without (38)____ (use) any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.”But it doesn’t have to be this way. Th e professor has found that people are happy when they get into (39)____ he calls “flow”. When people get very involv ed in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challenging, they experience “flow”, a situation (40)____ they don’t notice time passing.People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constant ly get into “flow” states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.Keys:25. into 26. to form 27. delivered 28. wondering 29. a 30. them31. most successful 32. that/ which 33. if34. even though 35. have been studying/ have studied 36. could 37. is wasted 38. using 39. what/ something 40. whereFive【20152徐汇区】(A)As you get older, it feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines (25) we age and that makes time move quickly.We perceive time as something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the (26) (likely) you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by (or, more accurately, it feels as if time is going by) more quickly, the older we get.In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as (27) years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we (28) (accomplish) a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines.For example, try to remember (29) happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday, etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will en courage us to try out new experiences, point out things we’ve never done, recommend dis hes we’ve never tasted and suggest places we’ve never been. Such an app (30) make our lives more varied, encourage us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.(31) such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It’s not too difficult to push (32) to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences（吊唁，慰问）on behalf of the nation, andmade it clear that he will have every single resource that he needs (33) (investigate) this heinous（令人发指的）crime, care for the victims, comfort their families.We (34) ______ (endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years. And each time I learn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would — as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there’s not a parent in America who doesn’t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do.The majority of those (35) died today were children —beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them — birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the (36) (fall) were also teachers — men and women who devoted their lives to (37) (help) our children fulfill their dreams.So our hearts are broken today — for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of these little children, and for the families of the adults who (38) (lose). Our hearts are broken for the parents of the survivors as well, for as blessed as they are to have their children home tonight, they know that their children’s innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain.As a country, we have been through this too many times. (39) it’s an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theater in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago —these neighborhoods are our neighbo rhoods, and these children are our children. And we’re going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies (40) this, regardless of the politics.Keys:25 as/when 26.less likely 27.the 28.have accomplished 29.what 30.could/can until/if 32.yourself/yourselves/ourselves33. to investigate 34.have endured 35.who 36.fallen 37.helping38. were lost 39.whether 40.likeSix【20152闸北区】(A)Being skinny is not beautiful but being healthy is. Most young people, unfortunately, (25)______(convince) that being thin, and therefore being stylish is a major way of maintaining self-worth. To make the matter worse, they might take this so far that they are likely to end up (26)______ eating disorders.Eating disorders are psychological illnesses defined by abnormal eating habits, (27)______ may involve either insufficient or too much food intake to the damage of an individual's physical and mental health. Bulimia nervosa(暴食症) and anorexia nervosa（食欲匮乏）are the (28)______(common) forms of eating disorders.(29)______ diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are well under a healthy bodyweight. But patients with bulimia nervosa may have a body weight that falls within the range from normal to overweight. (30)_____ primarily thought of as affecting females, eating disorders influence males as well.The precise cause of eating disorders is not entirely understood, but (31)______ is agreed that the disease is linked to other medical conditions and situations. Besides, cultural idealization of thinness and youthfulness also contributes to (32)______(reduce) weight forcefully. The problem has affected a large population worldwide.(B)A new report said middle class workers could still be working (33)______ ______ they are at the age of 70, to help out their grown up children.Middle class workers (34)______(age) 50 and above are being forced to delay their retirement, with many blaming their children, a report revealed yesterday.To many middle class workers, (35)______ bothered them from work couldn't compare with the possibility that they might postpone their retirement date by aroundfive years.It is not just the rising cost of living that is causing the delay. Many pointed to the fact that they are constantly having to provide for their grown-up children at an age (36)______ they assumed they should be financially independent.Actually, one in five middle class workers (37)______ keep working in order to support their children. Many workers struggled all along to the retirement date, only (38)______(realize) that they had to switch to a part-time working pattern, also called semi-retirement. Rarely (39)______ people hear of the concept of semi-retirement in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s and 60s, regarded as (40)______ sign of the country’s on-going worsening economy.Keys:25. are convinced 26. with 27. which 28. most common/commonest 29. Those 30. though 31.it 32. reducing33. even if/even though 34. aged 35 whatever 36. when 37. must 38. to realize 39. did 40. aSeven【20152长宁区】(A)We had to climb right up the hill , which is very steep, and ,when close under it , it seemed to be high, but we soon reached the top . When we were there, we had lost sight of the lake; and now our road was over a wild land.____25_____(go) a little way, we saw before us , at the distance of about half a mile, a very large stone building, with a high wall round it , neither field nor tree near.The wild land was overgrown with grey grass that cattle might feed upon. We could not tell ___26_____ this building was. It appeared ___27____ _______ it had been built strong to defend from storms; but for what purpose? William called out to us that we should observe that place well, for it was exactly like one of the shelters of the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), ___28____(build) for the reception of travelers, and indeed I had thought it ____29_____ be so. This building, from its singular structure and appearance, made the place , which is itself in a country ____30_____ Scotland, remarkable.When we ___31____(pass) it and looked back, three pyramidal mountains on the opposite side of Lock Lomond ended the view, ____32_____ in certain kind of weather might be very grand. Our highland companion had not got enough English to give us any information concerning this srange building . What we could only get from her was that it was a "large house", which was plain enough.(B)All plants need water to grow. Watering plants seems like a simple task but it actually requires many considerations. For example , plants growing in areas with low rainfall or areas ____33___(expose) to dry wind require more water. On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in their cells require ___34_____(frequent) watering . The watering ofplants should not be viewed as a minor process in gardening ___35______ this task plays an extremely important role in ensuring healthy plant growth.Let's first take a closer look at plants growing in gardens. Since watering is a critical gardening task, ____36___ accessible water supply is vital. A garden tap with a hose of sufficient length to reach the furthest part of the garden ____37_____(prefer). This tends to make watering much easier and ensures adequate water is provided for the plants. Most inexperienced gardeners water little ____38____very frequently. This is undesirable as it encourages shallow root growth. In addition, watering in full sun causes leaves to lose water quickly from the surface of the soil. Therefore, some experts recommend ____39______(install) an automatic watering system.As for plants growing in pots or containers, they tend to lose water rapidly. One way to reduce such a risk is ____40_____(group) the plants close together to keep moisture. Try to move them to a shady place if you are away from home for a few days. Otherwise, you will return home to see your plants dead.Keys:25. Having gone / Going 26. what 27. as if /as though 28. built29. must 30. like 31. passed /had passed 32. which33. exposed 34. less frequent 35. as /for/ because/since 36.an37. is preferred 38. but 39. installing 40. to groupEight【20152崇明县】(A)After 30 years (25)_____ a pilot, Captain Peter Elliott got to fly holiday-makers on a Thomas Cook flight from Birmingham, UK, to Tenerife, Spain with his daughter.Senior First Officer Laura Elliott (26)_____(fly) for six years but has never before got to work with her father. “It’s my dream to be able to fly with my Dad,” she said.It had seemed unlikely that the pair would ever co-pilot (27)_____ same aircraft because Miss Elliott learned to fly on Airbus planes when she joined the company in 2009, and her father flew Boeings. However, after Peter Elliott, 59, retrained to fly Airbuses, their dream of flying together came true.Miss Elliott, 30, became interested in flying when (28)_____(inspire) by her father with a trial flight as her birthday present. Miss Elliott said: “Becoming a pilot was never something I had considered. It was only when my Dad bought me a trial flight for my 18th birthday (29)_____ I considered following in my Dad’s footsteps.”The pair finally sat in the cockpit (驾驶员座舱) together and Mr Elliott made an announcement to passengers (30)_____ the flight made it a special day for him as he was flying with his daughter.Miss Elliott recalled the flight, (31)_____(say), “I w as initially nervous and he kept asking (32)_____ I was nervous or not. It was like going for a driving lesson with him. Thankfully, everything went smoothly and the passengers loved it. If it ever happens again, I will definitely be a lot (33)_____(relaxe d).”(B)Has the world just witnessed its first ever robot suicide? Boring housework was seemingly too much for one cleaning robot to take, when it apparently rebelled and decided to end it all.The robot was given the tiresome task of cleaning up some spilt grain before it climbed on to a kitchen hotplate (34)_____ it destroyed itself, according to reports in Austria. It had reportedly grown tired of (35)_____(force) to clean the house every day and decided to become a martyr(殉道者) to the robot cause.“Som ehow it seems (36)_____(restart) itself again before it made its way along the work surface. Then it pushed a cooking pot out of the way and basically that was the end of it,” explained fireman Helmut Kniewasser, who (37)_____(call) to deal with the fire a t Hinterstoder in Kirchdorf. “It pretty quickly started to melt underneath and then stuck to the kitchen hotplate. It then caught fire. (38)_____ _____ _____ we arrived, it had become just a pile of ash.” He added: “The entire building (39)_____ _____be evacuated (疏散) and there was severe smoke damage particularly in the flat in which the robot had been in use. “It’s a mystery how it came to be started and ended up making its way to the hotplate.” (40)_____ took an hour to clean and make the building safe. The homeowner plans to charge the robot’s manufacturer.Keys:25. as 26. has been flying/has flown 27. the 28. inspired 29. that30. that 31. saying 32. whether 33. more relaxed34.where 35. being forced 36. to have restarted 37. was called/ had been called 38. By the time 39. had to 40. ItNine【20152浦东新区】(A)What should you take in with you when you take an exam? Pen, pencil, eraser, ruler... and don’t forget a bottle of water!According to a study held in London, students ___25___ (bring) water into exams may improve their grades by up to 10%. Scientists in UK did the study on 448 students. The students were studying for a different degree at the University of East London. Only 25% of them entered the exam hall with water. Scientists then compared their exam results with their normal schoolwork grades. They found that all those who ___26___ (bring) water with them got better grades by 2% to 10%. Scientists also predicted the students’ scores according to their normal schoolwor k. They wrote down their possible scores on paper ___27___ the students took exams.It is unclear ___28___ drinking water improves exam results. But scientists say having enough water in our bodies and not feeling thirsty could have a helpful effect on our brains. Drinking water may also reduce anxiety, ___29___ has a bad effect on exam performances.“___30___” the explanation is, it is clear that students ___31___ try hard to stay hydrated (含水的）with water during exam,” one of the scientists said. So next t ime, when you are doing to have a big exam, try ___32___ (furnish) yourself with a bottle of water. It may help you pass the exam!(B)Without any previous notice, a documentary dominated headlines and social websites over the weekend.Under the Dome, a 103-minute documentary ___33___ (self-fund) by former news anchor Chai Jing, ___34___ (release) in China on Feb 28. It has rapidly pushed the public awareness about air pollution and encouraged people to join in ___35___。

2015年上海闸北区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷

2015年上海闸北区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空1、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模第1题2020~2021学年上海浦东新区高二上学期期中第1~8题8分Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider1(sit) by the window the next time you eat out.A new book claims that2you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.A new research found that people sitting farthest from the front door ate the fewest salads and were73 percent3(likely) to order dessert.Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more ofit4diners seated at bright bar tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.According to the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisibleyou5feel, the less easy it is to see how much you're eating and the less guilty you are when you eat more.In contrast,6(see) the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of7you look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.The researchers also noted that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in thetime8takes for the brain to register satisfaction.2、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模（B篇）第2题Beijing's annoying smog（雾） seems to have hurt the city's appeal to tourists. Last year, Beijing Youth Daily reported that the number of visitors to Beijing1（fall） 50 percent since January. It's said that the city's bad air quality was to blame for the decline. It's also more difficult2（attract） high-end employees to work in Beijing, especially those with children.However, the blanket of poisonous smog hasn't hurt Beijing's officemarket,3has jumped up quickly on a global ranking to become the fourth-most-expensive location to rent office space in the world. According to a recent research, office space inBeijing's Central Business District costs4average $1, 412 per square meter per year.That's more expensive than No.5-rankes central Tokyo or No.6-rangked Madison & Fifth Avenues in New York. The research took into consideration both5（publish） rental rates and "additional costs, " which include agent fees and6costs to make the deal happen.London7（remain） the world's most expensive city in which to rent office space. Hong Kong, home to the priciest office space in Asia, comes in second globally. Thecities8（experience） the highest annual growth in office rental rates are both in South Africa with 40 percent rate rise for Durban and 44 percent for Sandton.二、选词填空3、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模第3题Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today's teens areno1. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen's music. In the past---when music was2through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen's musical3. But mow that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the Internet, parents are less likely tobe4of what their teens are listening to.Today, it's hard to believe that today's over-50-years people used tobe5against Elvis Presley's dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more6of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics（歌词）can be a（n）7influence in teens. It's important to take an active approach when8your teen's musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing9. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what10can be found in certain songs.A. purchasedB. positiveC. judgementD. discussingE. preferencesF. stronglyG. informedH. feelingsI. generalJ. differentK. accepting三、完形填空4、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模第4题Gallup used to conduct a poll（投票） that asked students to name the school subject that they considered to be the most difficult. Not1, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult? defines the word "difficult" as "not easily or readily done; requiringmuch2or planning to be performed successfully." This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and persistence. For many students, math is not something that comes3. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of timeand4.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don't make their own timelines, they can5the time as the teacher moves on to the next topic.In fact, there is also an element of brain style in the big picture, according to many scientists. They believe that people are born with6math understanding skills. Logical, left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in sequential bits, while artistic, intuitive, right-brainers aremore7. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it "sink in". so left-brain students may grasp concepts8while right-brain students don't. To the right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are mot always9enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.Math know-how is also cumulative（积累）, which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough10in one area before you can effectively go on to "build upon" another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn11for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our12. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become13before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don't have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledgesystem.14, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might15complete failure at some point.A. surprisinglyB. interestinglyC. necessarilyD. similarlyA. emotionB. laborC. curiosityD. moneyA. regularlyB. possiblyC. automaticallyD. secretlyA. spaceB. confidenceC. characterD. energyA. make up forB. run out ofC. take advantage ofD. add up toA. steadyB. abstractC. differentD. sharpA. negativeB. globalC. simpleD. specificA. quicklyB. typicallyC. patientlyD. strangelyA. reminded aboutB. exposed toC. blessed withD. accused ofA. praisesB. scoresC. materialD. blocksA. conditionsB. rulesC. aimsD. choicesA. thoughtB. attitudeC. foundationD. sourceA. nativeB. accessibleC. firmD. superiorA. In additionB. In contrastC. For exampleD. In resultA. realizeB. acknowledgeC. sufferD. regret四、阅读理解5、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模（A篇）第5题October 17, 1989 is a day San Francisco will never forget. On that day, an uncommon number of tragedies took place. It was also a day when total strangers became linked. The story of Jim Betts and Julio Berumen is a moving example of one such meeting.On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist. Also in the car was her son six-year-old Julio and their family friend Yolanda. Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck. Without warning, the earth began to shake.The damage was terrible. Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubber. Streets cracked and buildings collapsed. At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.Then as quickly as it started, the earthquake stopped. The Berumens's car had been crushed be the steel. Petra and Yolanda were killed instantly. Cathy escaped unhurt but Julio, though still alive, was in danger. Not only was his right leg pinned down by the steel, he was also squeezed between the dead bodies of his mother and Yolanda.Rescuers had calmed Julio by the time Jim Betts, a doctor from Oakland Hospital, arrived. For two hours, Jim tried to free Julio with two bare hands. He did not stop to worry about the fact that aftershocks could send the highway to the ground. As soon as Julio was breathing, Jim kept working. However, Julio was languishing. Jim realized that he had only one choice. He would have to cut the boy's right leg at the knee. Conditions were far from ideal. It was hot inside the car. Darkness had fallen outside.With great care, Jim started the operation. He had to try risky methods. Finally Julio was free.Those hours on the highway were like a nightmare. Jim said: "If my family members were up there badly hurt, they would urgently need help like that." Though the day the earthquake tore many things apart, it also brought brave people together.(1) The San Francisco earthquake was an uncommon event for Julio and Jimbecause.A. the earth shook violently and suddenlyB. they became linked unexpectedlyC. they neither could see the broken highwayD. they both lost their family members(2) In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was.A. about to dieB. complaining about the painC. losing his voiceD. crying(3) According to the passage, Jim.A. successfully performed the operationB. had necessary equipment to rescue JulioC. was able to save Julio’s right legD. had one family member operated on(4) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The Berumens were trying to leave the dangerous city when the earthquake struck.B. Two people of the Berumen family finally survived from the earthquake.C. Knowing aftershocks would come soon, Jim tried to rescue Julio from the car.D. The conditions were agreeable enough for Jim to perform the operation.6、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模（B篇）第6题At the end of the year, our magazine is revealing our annual food and shopping predictions based on our research.Grazing Golden-Agers:Ninety-one percent of people say they snack daily, according to Nielsen. While snacking is on the rise among all ages and genders, research shows that snacking among consumers over the age of 65 could contribute to additional years with a higher quality of life. We'll see more boomers-those raised in the "three square meals a day" period-employ a "grazing" approach to eating foods rich in nutrients like protein, fiber and Omega3 that can help promote bone health.Same-Day Delivery Not Just for City Clickers:Online grocery shopping and delivery has become a crowded space, with a host of services competing for consumer attention. This trend allows everyone who sells food to be in the same-day delivery business without having to add additional operational facilities. Look for Google Shopping Express to put every supermarket in the same day delivery business and change consumer behavior to shop online for food to be delivered to homes fresh for each meal. You now can throw your refrigerator away!The Rise of Fermented Foods:The next year will be the year when fermented （发酵的） foods-foods like yogurt, pickles（泡菜）take center stage. These foods contain live cultures, or are preserved in liquid so their sugars and other seasonings can become bacteria-promoting agents. In fact, a survey has found that nearly 50 percent of Americans have shown interest in fermented foods, who, especially those over 60s, have improved a lot indigestion. However, if treated inappropriately, the bacteria hidden in these foods might have our hospitals full of sick dinners. Therefore make sure to study the cooking skills well before you these foods. Supermarkets change into Socializing Spaces:Supermarkets have evolved from straightforward centers where consumers could buy groceries to providers of lifestyle. Supermarkets are developing a variety of services that help to establish each outlet as a showcase of lifestyle trends. A desire to be "all things food" to their customers, young and old, is positioning the supermarkets as head to head competitors with chain and local restaurants. Cooking classes, and online home-made recipes are also giving consumers reasons beyond a grocery list to step inside their neighborhood supermarkets instead of a local restaurant.(1) The passage advises readers to give up refrigerator because.A. people eat more snacks which don’t have to be put in refrigeratorsB. the refrigerators has become useless operational facilities for food sellersC. food can be sent to customers within short time and freezing is not neededD. Fermented foods can be kept in normal temperature for much more time.(2) For fermented foods, people must guarantee that.A. live cultures should be introduced while eating themB. these help in digestion should be introduced to the publicC. bacteria should be killed before being put into the foodsD. cooking should be conducted carefully to avoid disease(3) It is implied in the last paragraph that.A. supermarkets sell recipes for trendy lifestyle to customersB. supermarkets used to be friends of chain and local restaurantsC. people can apply for cooking classes and obtain recipes in supermarketsD. Cooking classes encourage people to make food rather than dine out(4) The two trends that are particularly good for the elderly are.A. eating snacks and fermented foodsB. eating snacks and one-day deliveryC. one-day delivery and socializing supermarketsD. fermented foods and socializing supermarkets7、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模（C篇）第7题Today, home-ownership has reached extremely high levels. Modern generations tend to believe there is something wrong with them if they rent. However, is high home-ownership really as people imagine? Staring at data first, we realize that the most successful, stable, attractive country in the Western world is Switzerland. It has tiny unemployment; wealth; high happiness and mental-health scores. Does it have high home-ownership rates? Absolutely not. In Switzerland, about seven in ten of the population are renters. Yet, with Europe's lowest home-ownership rate, the nation thrives. Now go to the other end of the misery distribution. Spain has approximately the highest home-ownership rate in Europe （at more than 80%）. But one-quarter of its population are unemployed.A likely reason is that high levels of home-ownership mess up the labour market. In a sensibly functioning economy it is easy for people to move around to drop into the vibrant job slots thrown up by technological change. With a high degree of owner-occupation, everything slows. Folk get stuck. Renters can go to new jobs. In that way they do the economy a favours. As Friedman said, the rate of unemployment depends on the flexibility of the housing market.Next we come to economic breakdown. Most analysts accept that at heart it was the housing market-obsessive pursuit of homes, the engendered mortgage（房贷） lending and an unavoidable house-price crash-that sank the Western world. Germany, say, with its more efficient rental market, had a far smoother ride through trouble.As for the monetary system, in the past few decades, in the hope of getting untaxed capital gains way above their true labor earnings, many people threw their spare cash into buying larger houses or building extra bedrooms. TV programmes about how to make easy money, beautiful rising house prices, and most importantly, our faulty tax system encouraged that. When at some point market broke down, everyone suffered. Our countries ought, instead, to design tax systems that encourage people to invest in productive real activities and in innovation. Renting leaves money free for better purposes.That also points to the role of sensible budgeting over a person's lifetime. Why should we think that when we die it is necessary to have paid off an entire house? Our children do not deserve it. Let them pay for themselves. We should rent-and enjoy our lives with the money saved.Finally, moderation usually pays off. Our scientific understanding of how economies function is horribly limited. This suggests that the golden rule should be to avoid extremes. A50-50mix of home-ownership and renting, not the 70-30 split that is now observed in so many Western nations, makes sense.(1) The cases of Switzerland and Spain prove that.A. low home-ownership rate at about 30% is most favourable for economyB. home-ownership mainly decides a country's citizens' mental healthC. home-ownership has a lot to do with a country’s technological developmentD. low home-ownership increases the mobility of job market and economy(2) The main reason to make people invest in housing market is.A. the problematic taxing approach favouring house buyingB. people's desire to avoid their money from devaluingC. easy channels to obtain methods to make easy moneyD. people's wishes to live in large and more comfortable houses(3) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Switzerland suffers the worse unemployment in EuropeB. Renting allows more money into more creative economic activitiesC. Germany's effective mortgage system saw it through the western economic crisisD. Our children have the right to enjoy the housing property we have paid off(4) What opinion does the author agree with most?A. People should learn the workings of housing marketB. Laws should be set up to stop people from buying housesC. An adequate rate of home-ownership should be keptD. People should follow the good example of Europe in housing investment五、任务型阅读8、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模第8题The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.But rather than displaying hunting scenes, new evidence suggests that the images actually represent the frightening sounds which came from the mouths of the caves.US researcher Steven Waller believes that the echoes（回声） of clapping outside the cave would have sounded like hundreds of animal feet drumming on the ground. He proposes that the caves were preserved for their sound properties, which prehistoric peoples mistook for supernatural noises.Ancient stories explained echoes from the mouths of certain giant caves as replies from spirits, so our ancestors chose to decorate these caves with paintings believing that they were inhabited by spirits and gods.Beside animal sounds, many ancient cultures attributed thunder in the sky to 'thunder gods, ' so it makes sense that some lasting echoes within the caves were interpreted as thunder and inspired paintings of those thunder gods on cave walls.The idea is also supported by audio theory, which shows statistically significant similarities between the rock are sites and modern sound reflection equipment.As for the presence of the famous Stonehenge（巨石阵） in Britain, Mr. Walker also suggests it may have been the sound of the prehistoric monument, rather than the sight, that inspired its creation.He claims that its architects may have been trying to recreate a sound-effect similar to the ritual sound made during religious dancing.People taking part in a religious dance around a pair of pipes would have heard the music grow quieter as they moved past certain pipes due to a natural phenomenon known as an 'interference pattern.' If they were blindfold, it would have created the illusion that the sound was intermittently being reduced by invisible gods as they danced. According to Dr. Walker, the effects became so impressive that ancient people attempted to capture it in store. Therefore the Stonehenge appeared.However some British experts said that it was clear that Stonehenge had been created over several centuries rather than being 'thrown up overnight.'They claimed that there was no question in the traditional view that lining up along the mid-summer sunrise and mid-winter sunset was the ultimate purpose for its building.(1) According to ancient people, who lived in the big caves?(2) Modern sound science finds that and have much in common.(3) According to Walker, how was the sound made weaker during religious dancing?(4) The traditional view believes that Stonehenge was built in order to.六、翻译9、【来源】 2015年上海闸北区高三一模第9题翻译(1) 玛丽的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。

2015年上海市闸北区中考英语二模试卷(解析版)

2015年上海市闸北区中考英语二模试卷I.Listeningcomprehension（听力理解）（共30分）1．（6分）A．Listen and choose the right picture （根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）2．（1分）A．Fish．B．Cream．C．Soup．D．Mushrooms．3．（1分）A．At 6：00．B．At 6：15．C．At 6：30．D．At 6：45．4．（1分）A．Hot．B．Cold．C．Rainy．D．Lovely．5．（1分）A．Pale．B．Frightened．C．Excited．D．Interested．6．（1分）A．Weather．B．News．C．A film．D．An accident．7．（1分）A．At the restaurant．B．At the ferry．C．At the bus stop．D．At the airport．8．（1分）A．Stay in a seaside city．B．Relax herself on the beach．C．Spend her holiday in Britain．D．Swim in the countryside．9．（1分）A．The food was awful．B．The restaurant was noisy．C．The service was poor．D．The restaurant was far away．10．（1分）People started to celebrate April Fools'Day in the nineteenth century．11．（1分）Some people believe the tradition of celebrating April Fools'Day came from France．12．（1分）The French king Charles moved the New Year's Day to April 1．13．（1分）In the USA，the kinds of jokes played on April Fools'Day are called pranks （恶作剧）．14．（1分）Telling a funny lie to your friends and making trick phone calls are two kinds of pranks．15．（1分）Starbucks once played a prank by announcing the introduction of larger cups．16．（1分）On，the United Nations celebrated its third annualInternational Day of Happiness．17．（1分）The world has used of money people made to measure the well﹣being of a country's population．18．（1分）People in Latin America are some of the on the planet．19．（1分）of people worldwide said they had fun，smiled or laughed a lot，felt well rested and respected．20．（1分）The area of the world with the lowest positive emotions is in the Middle East and．Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分，每小题1分）21．（1分）A thousand﹣li journey begins with the first step．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．/'dʒenɪ/ B．/'dʒinɪ/ C．/'dʒə：nɪ/ D．/'dznɪ/22．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．I prefer noodles to rice for lunch．B．The fire quickly burnt the wooden hut．C．Disney can draw many cartoon characters．D．Bill has to pay for his foolish behavior．23．（1分）The Lis have finished the design of their new flat．It's similar to ______．（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours24．（1分）The traffic in Beijing is heavier than ______ in Shanghai．（）A．it B．this C．that D．those25．（1分）It is a very dull lecture．I've found ______ interesting about it．（）A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything26．（1分）My friend offered me two tickets ______ tonight's concert．（）A．to B．for C．on D．at27．（1分）This place seems familiar ______ me．I think I've been here before．（）A．with B．of C．to D．by28．（1分）The red car is a little more expensive than that one，but it uses ______ gas，so I'll take it．（）A．little B．less C．least D．the least29．（1分）The map can tell us the location of the newly﹣built theatre ______．（）A．clear B．clean C．clearly D．cleanly30．（1分）Be as happy as you ______ and spread your happiness to others．（）A．can B．must C．should D．need31．（1分）______ Thanksgiving Day is a western festival，it's a chance for me to thank my parents．（）A．If B．Although C．When D．Because32．（1分）Take a boat trip，______ you'll be attracted by the beauty of the Li River．（）A．and B．or C．so D．but33．（1分）______ easy way it is to memorize the words by using link methods!（）A．What B．What a C．What an D．How34．（1分）﹣______ will the food you ordered by phone be delivered？﹣Maybe in half an hour．（）A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long35．（1分）Baymax（大白）______ the hearts of people of all ages since the film BigHero 6 was shown．（）A．wins B．won C．has won D．will win36．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was talking with my teacher by the road．（）A．would happen B．had happenedC．was happening D．happened37．（1分）Practice makes perfect．You can't expect ______ a foreign language in such a short time．（）A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning38．（1分）We should spend more time reading books instead of ______ on the Wechat．（）A．chatting B．to chat C．chat D．chatted39．（1分）﹣Help yourself to some fruit，Victor．﹣______（）A．Yes，please．B．No，thanks．I've had enough．C．Thank you．I can manage myself．D．I agree with you．40．（1分）﹣Excuse me．Can I turn on the air﹣conditioner？It's a bit cold inside．﹣______（）A．You're welcome．B．Not at all．C．I don't think so． D．Go ahead，please．Ⅲ.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeu sedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）41．（4分）President Xi has many big dreams for China．One of his big dreams is to have Chinawin soccer's World Cup．To do this he believes more young people should learn about the game and play the game．So，beginning in September 2015，soccer will be（46）the curriculum（课程）in schools across the country．Last month，the Ministry of Education（教育部）（47）the seven textbooks that would be used in primary school and secondary schools．The textbooks are colourful with lots of graphics（图形）（48）3﹣D pictures and QR codes（二维码）which students can scan with their smartphones to watch soccer videos．The books will teach students about the rules of soccer，soccer skills and soccer strategy．In the textbooks，（49）soccer knowledge，the importance of soccer in building individual character and team work will also be taught．42．（4分）Putting soccer in the schools is part of a bigger plan to improve the（50）of the sport in the country．There will also be more youth leagues and（51）centers formed to develop talented players and perhaps discover the next Messi（梅西）．China's national soccer team is ranked 83rd in the world（52）and its only appearance at the World Cup was in 2002where it failed to score even one goal．By bringing soccer to the schools，President Xi hopes he can achieve his dream and China's dream of qualifying for the World Cup，hosting the World Cup，and，（53），winning the World Cup．Ⅳ.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分，每小题1分）43．（1分）may live in the deep ocean some day．（human）44．（1分）The big winner this year，Birdman brought home Oscars．（fourth）45．（1分）Jane made a cup of coffee and then enjoyed the music in the sofa．（she）46．（1分）Chai Jing hopes we can once again the healthy air of clear blueskies．（breath）47．（1分）It was of the boy to leave the door open and the lights on．（careful）48．（1分）Always remember that no one can without working hard．（success）49．（1分）The green leaves with red flowers are very to look at．（pleasure）50．（1分）The building will be replaced，most by a modern sports center．（probable）pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子．62-67小题每空格限填一词）（共14分，每小题2分）51．（2分）Scott shook the bottle before taking the medicine．（改为否定句）Scott the bottle before taking the medicine．52．（2分）We should keep the listeners interested by making our speeches lively．（对划线部分提问）we keep the listeners interested？53．（2分）Our teacher helped us to learn how to make a questionnaire．（保持句意基本不变）We learnt how to make a questionnaire the of our teacher．54．（2分）I was so lucky that I was in the right place at the right time．（改为简单句）I was to be in the right place at the right time．55．（2分）Our class teacher invited some foreign friends to attend our class meeting．（改为被动语态）Some foreign friends to attend our class meeting by our class teacher．56．（2分）Ben asked me，"When will you continue the story about Kingsman？"（改为宾语从句）Ben aked me when continue the story about Kingsman．57．（2分）on the real ice，is，to，fun，in winter，it，skate？Ⅵ.Readingcomprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A.Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）58．（12分）Brian's cousin，Helen，is going on a trip．She is reading her flight booking form．69．How many nights is Helen staying in Japan？A.10．B.12．C.15．D.20．70．When does Helen's flight leave from Shanghai？71．What type of food would Helen choose on her flight？A．Chicken．B．Fish．C．Beef．D．Mixed vegetables．72．Which of the following is true？A．Helen has only booked a single ticket．B．Helen is arriving at and departing from the same airport in Japan．C．Helen is arriving in Japan in the afternoon．D．Helen is staying in the same city for the whole trip．73．Which type of document does Helen need to check before her flight？A．Passport．B．Luggage weight．C．Flight tickets．D．Travel agency's website．74．When would Helen pay more？A．If her passport expired．B．If her suitcase weighed 24kg．C．If she arrived at the airport late．D．If she was refused to enter Japan．B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）（12分）59．（12分）The Lascaux PaintingsNear the town of Montignac in Southern France，visitors can find some of the most beautiful cave paintings in the world﹣the Lascaux Paintings．The history of thesepaintings is very interesting．Caves are large rooms that have been formed by nature．Most caves are under the ground，but some have（75）that people can find．In September 1940，that's just what happened．Four boys were taking a walk in the woods near Montignac．As they walked along，one of them noticed an （76）rock．When they got closer，they realized that it wasn't a rock；it was an opening in the ground．This opening（77）to a cave．The boys decided to have a look around this cave．The walls of the cave were covered with ancient art．The boys didn't know it，but the cave was the find of the century!Over the years，many historians and articles came to study the art．They wanted to understand who painted them and what the paintings might（78）．They soon realized that some of the art showed animals that no longer exist．Many of the pictures also showed people following animals and trying to kill them for food．In the end，historians agreed this was likely to be the art of a civilization（文明）that existed over 15，000years ago．By 1950，over a thousand people from all over the world were visiting the caves every day．But by 1955，the paintings were beginning to become difficult to see．The paintings were losing their colours（79）so many people were passing through the caves．（80），people can no longer visit the caves．However，another set of cave paintings has been created．These paintings look exactly the same as the Lasaux Paintings．People made the paintings so that everyone can still learn about this ancient civilization．If you are near Montignac，these caves and wonderful paintings are a must﹣see!75．A．entrances B．exits C．holes D．gates 76．A．impossible B．amazing C．ordinary D．unusual 77．A．went B．connected C．led D．belonged 78．A．mean B．paint C．study D．look 79．A．though B．since C．as soon as D．so that 80．A．Luckily B．Sadly C．Happily D．Importantly．C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺．每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）60．（14分）Tim Cook，the CEO of Apple，showed off their newest device，the Apple Watch．Mr．Cook said it is the"most personal"device Apple has ever c（81）．The Apple Watch is a very small computer a person wears on his or her wrist（手腕）．There will be three models with straps to attach them to your wrist．An Apple Watch will be able to do many of the s（82）things as an iPhone．It will show email，texts，news，health readings and other information．These apps will be customized for the watch．It will be different than just seeing what is on your phone．Like a phone，you will be able to r（83）calls on your wrist．Mr．Cook smiled while describing this．‘I've been wanting to do this since I was five years old，'he said．‘The day is finally here．"Decades ago，a comic strip hero named Dick Tracy talked into his wrist watch，but until now，that has only been something possible in the future．Mr．Cook said you could capture and send your heartbeat to another person with an Apple Watch．‘This is a closer w（84）to tell someone that you are thinking about them，'he said．‘I hope someone sends me one of those．'The watches will be a（85）in stores in late April．They will be sold at different prices，beginning at﹩349to its high﹣end model of thousands of dollars．Apple hopes to excite consumers so they will want to buy and wear computers on their bodies．The first smartwatches from Samsung，Sony and LG have not been selling well．O（86）five million smartwatches were sold last year．Another wearable computer，Google Glass eyewear，is no longer on themarket．Like a phone，it will also need to be charged each night．It remains to be seen w（87）people really want to carry both a smartphone and a smartwatch．D.Answerthequestion（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）61．（12分）88．How many teenagers were interviewed by Teenage Magazine？89．Who has the most clothes in his/her wardrobe？90．Does Carman Hung like shorts or dresses？91．Why doesn't Penny Wong know what is in his wardrobe？92．Perry Wong doesn't need anything more in his wardrobe，does he？93．Whose wardrobe do you prefer？Give your reasons．．Ⅶ.Writing（作文）（共20分）62．（20分）Write a letter in at least 60words according to the given situation on the topic" ，we never say goodbye"．（根据情景提示，以" ，我们永远不会说再见"为题，写一封不少于60个单词的信件．）（注意：短文中不得出现任何真实的人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予．评分．）情景：初中生涯已经进入尾声，学校里一定有你难忘的老师或同学．在此分别之际，你一定有很多与他们在一起时的美好回忆，而此时此刻的离别之情也溢于言表．请给这位老师或同学写一封信，告诉他/她你此时的不舍之情．Dear．Yours×××2015年上海市闸北区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析I.Listeningcomprehension（听力理解）（共30分）1．（6分）A．Listen and choose the right picture （根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）【解答】略2．（1分）A．Fish．B．Cream．C．Soup．D．Mushrooms．【解答】略3．（1分）A．At 6：00．B．At 6：15．C．At 6：30．D．At 6：45．【解答】C4．（1分）A．Hot．B．Cold．C．Rainy．D．Lovely．【解答】略5．（1分）A．Pale．B．Frightened．C．Excited．D．Interested．【解答】略6．（1分）A．Weather．B．News．C．A film．D．An accident．【解答】略7．（1分）A．At the restaurant．B．At the ferry．C．At the bus stop．D．At the airport．【解答】略8．（1分）A．Stay in a seaside city．B．Relax herself on the beach．C．Spend her holiday in Britain．D．Swim in the countryside．【解答】略9．（1分）A．The food was awful．B．The restaurant was noisy．C．The service was poor．D．The restaurant was far away．【解答】略10．（1分）People started to celebrate April Fools'Day in the nineteenth century．【解答】略11．（1分）Some people believe the tradition of celebrating April Fools'Day came from France．【解答】略12．（1分）The French king Charles moved the New Year's Day to April 1．【解答】略13．（1分）In the USA，the kinds of jokes played on April Fools'Day are called pranks （恶作剧）．【解答】略14．（1分）Telling a funny lie to your friends and making trick phone calls are two kinds of pranks．【解答】略15．（1分）Starbucks once played a prank by announcing the introduction of larger cups．【解答】略16．（1分）On march20，the United Nations celebrated its third annual International Day of Happiness．【解答】march；2017．（1分）The world has used the amount of money people made to measure the well﹣being of a country's population．【解答】the，amount18．（1分）People in Latin America are some of the happiest people on the planet．【解答】happiest；people19．（1分）over70%of people worldwide said they had fun，smiled or laughed a lot，felt well rested and respected．【解答】over；70%20．（1分）The area of the world with the lowest positive emotions is in the Middle East and North Africa．【解答】North AfricaⅡ.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分，每小题1分）21．（1分）A thousand﹣li journey begins with the first step．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．/'dʒenɪ/ B．/'dʒinɪ/ C．/'dʒə：nɪ/ D．/'dznɪ/【解答】答案：C．journey的音标是/'dʒə：nɪ/，意思是"旅行"，是名词，综上所述，故选C．22．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．I prefer noodles to rice for lunch．B．The fire quickly burnt the wooden hut．C．Disney can draw many cartoon characters．D．Bill has to pay for his foolish behavior．【解答】答案：B根据字母组合oo常见发音有/u/，/ʌ/，/u：/可知noodles读作/nu：dlz/其中字母组合oo发/u：/，wooden读作/´wudn/其中字母组合oo发/u/，cartoon读作/ka：´tu：n/其中字母组合oo发/u：/，foolish 读作/´fu：liʃ/其中字母组合oo发/u：/，故选B23．（1分）The Lis have finished the design of their new flat．It's similar to ______．（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours【解答】答案：D It's similar to..根据句意其中It指的是他们对公寓的设计．be similar to…和…类似（相似）可知是和我们对公寓的设计相似．we 是主格，用作主语，意思是"我们"．us 是宾格用作宾语，意思是"我们"．our 是形容词性物主代词后接名词．ours 是名词性物主代词，后面不再接名词．此处ous指我们的设计，故选D24．（1分）The traffic in Beijing is heavier than ______ in Shanghai．（）A．it B．this C．that D．those【解答】答案C it意为"它"，代指前面出现的名词，也就是同类同物；this意为"这个"；that意为"那个"为了避免重复，代替前面出现的名词；those意为"那些"．根据"The traffic in Beijing"以及"______ in Shanghai"可知北京的交通与上海的交通进行比较，所以要用单数that来代替前面的名词traffic，故选C．25．（1分）It is a very dull lecture．I've found ______ interesting about it．（）A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything【解答】答案：C选项A：一些东西；选项B：任何东西；选项C：没有东西；选项D：一切，每件东西．根据题干It is a very dull lecture（这是一个非常无趣的演讲），可知关于这个演讲没什么有趣的东西，故选C．26．（1分）My friend offered me two tickets ______ tonight's concert．（）A．to B．for C．on D．at【解答】答案：Bto 向，到；for 为了；on 关于；at 在；the ticket for the concert 音乐会的票，故选B．27．（1分）This place seems familiar ______ me．I think I've been here before．（）A．with B．of C．to D．by【解答】答案：Cwith和…在一起；of…的；to到，向；by通过，在…之前；be familiar with sth某人对…熟悉，通晓，主语一般为人；be familiar to sb．固定短语，某物对于某人是熟悉的，主语一般为物．根据This place 可知主语为物，应该用be familiar to．故选C．28．（1分）The red car is a little more expensive than that one，but it uses ______gas，so I'll take it．（）A．little B．less C．least D．the least【解答】答案B．根据上文The red car is a little more expensive than that one可知这辆红车比那辆车在作比较故用比较级，再根据下文中的关键转折词but，可知红车比那辆车贵，但是用的燃料少，故用little的比较级less．故选B29．（1分）The map can tell us the location of the newly﹣built theatre ______．（）A．clear B．clean C．clearly D．cleanly【解答】答案：C；clear清晰的，形容词；clean干净的；clearly清晰地，副词；cleanly干净利落地；根据句意The map can tell us the location of the newly﹣built theatre，推知该句句意：地图可以清晰地告诉我们新建的剧院的位置，需要填充的单词修饰动词tell，故用副词形式，clearly，清晰地；故选C．30．（1分）Be as happy as you ______ and spread your happiness to others．（）A．can B．must C．should D．need【解答】答案：A．can能，会；must一定，必须；should应该；need需要．根据as happy as you，可知这里考查了as…as you can尽可能的…，这里as happy as you can，尽可能的快乐．故选A．31．（1分）______ Thanksgiving Day is a western festival，it's a chance for me to thank my parents．（）A．If B．Although C．When D．Because【解答】答案：B if 如果，要是；although虽然，尽管；When既然，当…时；because 因为．根据题意可知，感恩节是西方节日，和它仍是一个我们感谢父母的机会，两者是让步关系，表示尽管，用although引导让步状语从句．故选B．32．（1分）Take a boat trip，______ you'll be attracted by the beauty of the LiRiver．（）A．and B．or C．so D．but【解答】答案：A 本题考查的是并列连词的辨析，and 并且，和，表并列关系；or 或者，否则，表选择关系或相反的假设；so"因此"，表因果关系；but 但是，表转折关系．根据题意可知，"乘船游玩"跟"你将会被漓江的美丽所吸引"，这里用到的常用句型是祈使句+and+陈述句，Take a boat trip 是祈使句部分，表示一种建议，告诫，and 后面部分表示会发生的结果，两者是并列关系，故选A．33．（1分）______ easy way it is to memorize the words by using link methods!（）A．What B．What a C．What an D．How【解答】答案：C 根据easy way可知，感叹句修饰的中心词是名词way，应该用What引导；又根据感叹句的句式：What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主+谓，way是可数名词单数形式，而easy是以元音音素开头的单词，所以前面加冠词an，故选C．34．（1分）﹣______ will the food you ordered by phone be delivered？﹣Maybe in half an hour．（）A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long【解答】答案：C How far"多远"，一般针对距离提问；how often多久一次，回答一般是表频率的短语；how soon"要多久"，常对将来的时间提问，其答语通常是"in+一段时间"；how long问的是多长时间，答语通常是for three days/weeks/months等时间段；根据答语Maybe in half an hour．可知上文应该是问：要多久能交付？应该用how soon，故选：C．35．（1分）Baymax（大白）______ the hearts of people of all ages since the film Big Hero 6 was shown．（）A．wins B．won C．has won D．will win【解答】答案：C．因为句中有since the film Big Hero 6 was shown，由"since自从…起"引导的状语从句的主句要用完成时，现在完成时的构成：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词；故选C．36．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was talking with my teacher by the road．（）A．would happen B．had happenedC．was happening D．happened【解答】答案：D．根据句意"当交通事故发生时，我正和我的老师在路边谈话．"及连词when可知，这里考查时间状语从句，主句采用了过去进行时，从句要采用一般过去时，表示较短的动作发生了，动词用过去式，故选：D．37．（1分）Practice makes perfect．You can't expect ______ a foreign language in such a short time．（）A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning【解答】答案：B．根据You can't expect ______ a foreign language in such a short time，可知这里考查expect的用法，expect是期待是意思，其固定搭配为：expect to do sth期待做某事．故选B．38．（1分）We should spend more time reading books instead of ______ on the Wechat．（）A．chatting B．to chat C．chat D．chatted【解答】答案：A 本题考查动名词的固定搭配．chatting 是动名词或是现在分词；to chat 为不定式；chat 是动词原形，意为聊天；chatted 是动词的过去式或过去分词．Instead of 是个短语介词．Instead of 的意思是"代替…"、"而不…"它后面可跟名词、代词、动名词、介词短语或形容词等．故选A．39．（1分）﹣Help yourself to some fruit，Victor．﹣______（）A．Yes，please．B．No，thanks．I've had enough．C．Thank you．I can manage myself．D．I agree with you．【解答】答案：B；Yes，please好的，谢谢；No，thanks．I've had enough不，谢谢，我已经吃的足够了；Thank you．I can manage myself谢谢你，我自己能行；I agree with you我跟你意见一致；根据上句Help yourself to some fruit，Victor随便吃些水果，Victor，可知答语应该是表示感谢，并进行委婉的拒绝，所以回答：No，thanks．I've had enough；故选B．40．（1分）﹣Excuse me．Can I turn on the air﹣conditioner？It's a bit cold inside．﹣______（）A．You're welcome．B．Not at all．C．I don't think so． D．Go ahead，please．【解答】答案：D；You're welcome没关系、不客气；Not at all不用谢；Go ahead，please请便吧；I don't think so我不那么认为；根据上文Excuse me．Can I turn on the air﹣conditioner我能打开空调吗？可知选B最符合语境，同意对方的请求．故选D．Ⅲ.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeu sedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）41．（4分）President Xi has many big dreams for China．One of his big dreams is to have China win soccer's World Cup．To do this he believes more young people should learn about the game and play the game．So，beginning in September 2015，soccer will be（46）E the curriculum（课程）in schools across the country．Last month，the Ministry of Education（教育部）（47）D the seven textbooks that would be used in primary school and secondary schools．The textbooks are colourfulwith lots of graphics（图形）（48）A3﹣D pictures and QR codes（二维码）which students can scan with their smartphones to watch soccer videos．The books will teach students about the rules of soccer，soccer skills and soccer strategy．In the textbooks，（49）B soccer knowledge，the importance of soccer in building individual character and team work will also be taught．【解答】46．E 考查动词．根据句子：soccer will be（46）the curriculum（课程）in schools across the country．可知句意：通过国家，足球将会被加入到学校的课程中．结合语境此处应该是加入的意思．故选E．47．D 考查动词．根据句子：Last month，the Ministry of Education（教育部）（47）the seven textbooks that would be used in primary school and secondary schools．可知句意：上个月，教育部介绍了七本将会在小学以及中学使用的教科书．结合语境此处应该是介绍的意思．故选D．48．A 考查介词．根据句子：The textbooks are colourful with lots of graphics（图形）（48）3﹣D pictures and QR codes（二维码）可知句意：教科书有很多彩色的图形包括3D图片和二维码．此处应该是包括的意思，指的是将下文的3D图片和二维码都包括在内．故选A．49．B 考查介词．根据句子：In the textbooks，（49）soccer knowledge，the importance of soccer in building individual character and team work will also be taught．可知句意：在教科书里，除了足球知识之外，还要教足球在塑造个性中的重要性以及团队的合作．结合语境此处应该是除…之外的意思．besides 表示除…之外，还有；在意思上把被除去的东西包括在内．故选B．42．（4分）Putting soccer in the schools is part of a bigger plan to improve the（50）C of the sport in the country．There will also be more youth leagues and（51）B centers formed to develop talented players and perhaps discover the next Messi（梅西）．China's national soccer team is ranked 83rd in the world（52）E and its only appearance at the World Cup was in 2002where it failed to score even one goal．Bybringing soccer to the schools，President Xi hopes he can achieve his dream and China's dream of qualifying for the World Cup，hosting the World Cup，and，（53）A，winning the World Cup．【解答】50．C．名词考查．结合the后加名词，结合improve提高，故用名词level水平，故答案是C．51．B．非谓语考查．centers是名词，前面需要定语来修饰，结合formed to develop talented players 可知这里是说训练中心，故用training作为定语，故答案是B．52．E．短语考查．结合China's national soccer team is ranked 83rd in the world 说的是目前国足排名83，故用at the moment目前，故答案是B．53．A．副词考查．qualifying for the World Cup，hosting the World Cup，and可知最终是希望能赢得世界杯，故用finally最终，故答案是A．Ⅳ.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分，每小题1分）43．（1分）Humans may live in the deep ocean some day．（human）【解答】答案：Humans 根据所给词human，可知这是可数名词"人"．其复数形式为humans．表示"人类"之意时一般用复数形式，此句表示的是人类有一天会住在深海．又处于句首，首字母要大写．故答案为：Humans44．（1分）The big winner this year，Birdman brought home four Oscars．（fourth）【解答】答案：four．根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"今年的大赢家﹣﹣《鸟人》，把四项奥斯卡奖带回家．"，设空处后面是名词复数形式，所以设空处应填序数词fourth的基数词four，故答案为：four．45．（1分）Jane made her a cup of coffee and then enjoyed the music in the sofa．（she）【解答】答案：her．有些动词后面可以跟双宾语，也就是动词+sb．+sth．结构，经常用于这个结构的动词有teach，show，make，tell等等．根据"Jane made____ a cup of coffee"在动词made的后面，所以要用宾格形式，结合给出的英语提示she，所以要用her，故填her．46．（1分）Chai Jing hopes we can once again breathe the healthy air of clear blue skies．（breath）【解答】答案：breathe．提示词breath是名词，意为"呼吸"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"柴静希望我们能够再次呼吸倒湛蓝天空下健康的空气．"，即设空处的意思是"呼吸"，由于设空处单词放在情态动词can后面，所以设空处应填breath的动词原形形式breathe，故答案为：breathe．47．（1分）It was careless of the boy to leave the door open and the lights on．（careful）【解答】答案：careless．提示词careful是形容词，意为"认真的"，根据所给单词结合设空处后面的leave the door open and the lights on可以推测句意为"那个小男孩让门开着，灯亮着，真是粗心．"，即设空处的意思是"粗心的"，由于前面有be动词was，所以设空处应填形容词careful（细心的）的反义词careless，故答案为：careless．48．（1分）Always remember that no one can succeed without working hard．（success）【解答】答案：succeed．提示词success是名词，意为"成功"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"时刻记住：没有人不经过付出就能成功．"，即设空处的意思是"成功"，由于放在情态动词can后面，所以设空处应填success的动词原形形式succeed，故答案为：succeed．49．（1分）The green leaves with red flowers are very pleasant to lookat．（pleasure）【解答】答案：pleasant．提示词pleasre是名词，意思是"愉快"，根据语境可以推测句意为"红花绿叶看上去令人愉悦．"，即设空处单词的意思是"令人愉悦的"，由于放在be动词are后面，所以设空处应填pleasure的形容词形式pleasant，故答案为：pleasant．50．（1分）The building will be replaced，most probably by a modern sports center．（probable）【解答】答案：probably根据所给句子The building will be replaced，most…by a modern sports center．（probable）可知所给提示词probable是形容词，意为"可能的，大概的"，结合所给空格，可知要修饰前面的动词replace，根据副词修饰动词，故填probable 的副词形式probably，故答案为probablypletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子．62-67小题每空格限填一词）（共14分，每小题2分）51．（2分）Scott shook the bottle before taking the medicine．（改为否定句）Scott didn't shake the bottle before taking the medicine．【解答】答案：didn't shake．原句实意动词shook得知是一般过去时，改为否定句时需要借助于助动词did的否定形式didn't后接shook的动词原形shake．故答案为：didn't shake．52．（2分）We should keep the listeners interested by making our speeches lively．（对划线部分提问）How should we keep the listeners interested？【解答】答案：How should．划线部分by making our speeches lively．表示通过让我们的演讲生动，表方式，所以提问用How，后加一般疑问句，原句含有情态动词，故将should提前．故答案是How should．53．（2分）Our teacher helped us to learn how to make a questionnaire．（保持句意基本不变）We learnt how to make a questionnaire with the help of our teacher．【解答】答案：with…help．原句是help sb to do sth表示帮助某人做某事，可以换成短语with the help of sb，表示在某人的帮助下，故答案是：with…help．54．（2分）I was so lucky that I was in the right place at the right time．（改为简单句）I was lucky enough to be in the right place at the right time．【解答】答案：lucky enough．原句so…that，表示如此…以至于，也就是足够…做某事，enough经常用于一个结构：be+adj．+enough to do sth．足够…可以做某事了．这里指"足够幸运"．故答案是lucky enough．55．（2分）Our class teacher invited some foreign friends to attend our class meeting．（改为被动语态）Some foreign friends were invited to attend our class meeting by our class teacher．【解答】答案：were invited．原句中的invited得知是一般过去时，改为被动语态的结构是：主语+was/were+过去分词+by+宾语．主动语态的主语变成宾格由by连接，主动语态的宾语Some foreign friends改为被动语态所在句的主语，为复数，故选were，故答案是：were invited56．（2分）Ben asked me，"When will you continue the story about Kingsman？"（改为宾语从句）Ben aked me when I would continue the story about Kingsman．【解答】答案：I would．本题主要是改为宾语从句：原句中的人称为第二人称，变为宾语从句时，就要将它变为与主句宾语相一致的人称，这里主句的宾语是me，故将you换成I；原句为疑问句，语序应该是陈述语序，且主句asked是过去时，故改后的句子主从句的时态要保持一致，也要用一般过去时，will变为其。

2015上海高三英语二模简答题汇总整理附答案

【宝山】For a sight of an evolving technology that promises to shake video gaming to its foundation, check out ―Throw Trucks With Your Mind‖.Unlike most video games, it doesn't rely solely on a mouse. Instead, its players also put on a headset that enables them to throw trucks or other virtual objects simply by thinking.And that's just for starters. Advocates of so-called neurogaming（交感神经游戏）say the concept in a few years will combine a wide variety of physiological factors, from a player's heart rate and hand gestures to pupil dilation(瞳孔扩张) and emotions. Moreover, they imagine many such games being developed to improve the health, brainpower and skills of those playing them.The electroencephalography(脑电波仪), or EEG, headset used to throw trucks and other objects onto enemies was made by San Jose, California.-based NeuroSky. It measures separate brainwave frequencies that reflect how focused the player is and how calm they are, according to Lat Ware of Emeryville, California., who developed the game. The game, which can be purchased at , costs $25, or $99 with the headset.Ware, 29, said it's possible to move a pear or other small virtual object if the player is calm, but not focused, or vice versa. But he said both mental states are essential to flatten an enemy with a huge truck, which takes considerable concentration.Although only a few neurogames have been introduced so far and their action tends to be fairly limited, the games are expected to become far more challenging - and multipurpose - as the software and related technology improves.One concept being explored is to develop games that adjust their action according to the player's changing emotions. These are measured by such factors as their facial expressions, eye movement and skin-conductance(皮肤导电) levels. Another approach is to make games that influence how the player thinks and feels.Consider Los Angeles-based Melon, which, like "Throw Trucks With Your Mind," was recently launched via the online fundraising site Kickstarter. Melon officials say their first game-- which challenges players to fold origami（折纸）with their mind, using NeuroSky's EEG headset -- helps people "learn how to focus, relax and meditate better."78. According to this article, what is the purpose of developing the new kind of games?79. The function of brainwave frequencies measured by EEG made by San Jose is to _________.80. According to Ware, if you want to throw something such as a truck, you must be __________.81.What is the new idea being studied to develop more challenging and multipurpose games? (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN ELEVEN WORDS)【崇明】Students in Finland won‘t have to study subjects. Soon, their classrooms would resemble conferences where ―topics‖ are discussed.The education system in Finland is about to undergo a revolutionary and fundamental change, although it enjoys the reputation of being one of the best in the world. The education department has decided to abandon the old method of ―teaching by subject.‖ Instead, the country will now involve the children to help them learn and question by evolving to ―teaching by topic‖, shared Liisa Pohjolainen, who is in charge of youth and adult education in Helsinki –the capital city leading the reform program, ―This is going to be a big change in education in Finland that we‘re just beginning.‖The education system, though appearing to be revolutionary, is quite logical, explained Pasi Silander, the city‘s development manager, ―What we need now is a different kind of education to prepare people for working life. Young people use quite advanced computers. In the past thebanks had lots of bank clerks adding up figures but now that has totally changed. We therefore have to make the changes in education that are necessary for industry and modern society.‖How does Finland plan to apply the method of teaching by topic? Evidently all-round vocational training and accumulated skill develop ment take up priority over ―lessons.‖ Those in their late teens are already being engaged in what Finland refers to as ―phenomenon teaching‖ – or teaching by topic. For example, ―cafeteria services‖ lessons will include elements of finance, languages (to help serve foreign customers), writing skills and communication skills.Students will slowly be taught cross-subject topics which would have varying elements of multiple ―subjects.‖ These elements will vary with the ―topic‖ or ―skill‖ the student is learnin g. Apart from the same, students will move away from the traditional sitting and evaluation techniques as well. Students will sit in smaller groups and work collectively to solve problems, all the while improving upon their communication skills. They won‘t be made to sit in rows and asked questions individually to assess their progress. Instead, a group whose collaborative efforts bring out results faster will be promoted.The education system needs a thorough reform, owing to the fact that traditional teaching techniques were based on traditional tools that were quite limited in availability and accessibility. With modern world being extensively connected, isn‘t it time for the students to learn how to step ahead of mere fact-based learning that promotes memory expansion rather than mental development?(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Finland is launching its education reform by _________.79. What‘s the purpose of Finland‘s education reform?80. What ar e two of the main features of ―teaching by topic‖?81. Finland decides to reform its education because traditional teaching _________.【奉贤】All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility（敌意）than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation（通货膨胀）. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of lawsuit filer that makes the legal system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam(律师资格考). This leaves today‘s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work, and that they have to work extremely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly an essential enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can take it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically（道德上）.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms‘ efficiency.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)78.Students who ____________________ are tempted to take up law as their profession.79.The underlined word them in Para. 4 refers to _______________________________.80.In addition to shortening the allowance time to take the bar exam, the system reformshould include ________________________________________________________.81.Why is the guild-like ownership structure of the legal system considered restrictive?____________________________________________________________________【虹口】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America, or probably in the world.During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties? And would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century?______________________________________________.79. A women today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in their forties because of ______________________________________.80. Of ―such changes‖ today, one is that many more mothers _________________________ after their first child is born.81. What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equal way?______________________________________________.【黄埔】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.By the mid-19th century most of Europe was in the first stage of the demographic(人口的) transition. Death rate had decreased, as wars, famines(饥荒) and diseases had; local food shortages were rarer, thanks to better economic organization and transport; public health, medical care and the control of infectious diseases had improved. The population increased rapidly, as Malthus had predicted. Between 1800 and 1900 Europe‘s population doubled, to over 400 million, whereas that of Asia, further behind in the demographic transition, increased by less than 50%, to about 950 million.But something else was happening there that would have taken Malthus by surprise: as people came to expect to live longer, and better, they started to have fewer children. They realised they no longer needed several babies just to ensure that two or three would survive. And as they moved from country to town, they also found that children were no longer an economic property that could be set to work at an early age, but a responsibility to be fed, housed and (some of them) educated, for years. Worse, with too many children, a mother would find it hard to take and keep a job, to add to the family income. Nor were the young any longer a guarantee against a poor old age: in the new industrial society, they were likelier to go their own way.Thanks to Europe‘s newborn limitation, in the past 100 years or so its population has risen o nly 80%, to 730 million, and most countries‘ birth rate is now so low that numbers are unchanging or falling. But their composition is very different from the past: better living standards, health condition and medical treatment are multiplying old heads, even as the number of young ones shrinks.In contrast, Asia‘s population over the same time has nearly increased four times, to more than 3.6 billion. North America‘s too has grown almost as fast, but largely thanks to immigration. Africa‘s has multiplied5 times, and Latin America‘s nearly sevenfold.Why these differences? From around 1950, death rate in developing countries also began to fall, and much faster than it ever had in Europe. The knowledge about how to avoid premature death of small children travelled so readily that life expectancy in many poor countries is now not far behind the rich world‘s. But the attitudes and values that persuade people to have fewer children are taking longer to adjust.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What prediction did Malthus make?79. Give one reason to explain why people started to have fewer children according to paragraph2.80. Besides medical treatment, are the other two factors that contribute to theincreasing number of old people.81. Why has the population in developing countries increased faster than it has in Europe in thelast century?【闵行】When e-mail first came into general use about twenty years ago, there was a lot of talk about the arrival of the paperless office. However, it seems that e-mail has yet to revolutionize office communication. According to communications analyst Richard Metcalf, some offices have actually seen an increase in paper as a result of e-mail. ―Information in the form of e-mail messages now floods our computer screens. These messages can be sent so quickly that memos tend to be distributed in the hundreds. For those secretaries whose bosses ask them to print out all their e-mails and leave them in their in-trays, this means using up a great deal of paper every month,‖ Metcalf says.Metcalf has found that because some e-mails get lost in cyberspace, important documents are increasingly likely to be asked by clients and colleagues to send all important documents both by e-mail and by fax. This highlights a further potential problem with e-mail in today‘s offices ─ it is taking up time rather than saving it. ―With e-mail, communication is much easier, but there is also more room for misunderstandings,‖ says psychologist Dr David Lewis. Generally, much less care is taken with e-mails than with letters or faxes and the sender will probably print the document and reread it before putting it in an envelope or sending it by fax.More worrying is still the increasing misuse of e-mail for sending ―flame-mail‖ ─inappropriate e-mail messages. Recent research in several companies suggests that aggressive communications like this are on the increase. E-mail has become the perfect medium for conveying workplace dissatisfaction because it is so instant.E-mail can also be a problem in other ways. Staffs all too often make the mistake of thinking that the contents of the e-mail, like things said over the phone, are private and not permanent. But it is not only possible for an employer to read all your e-mails, it is also perfectly legal. E-mail messages can be traced back to their origin for a period of at least two years, so you might want to rethink e-mailing your dissatisfaction about your boss to your friends. The advice is to keep personal e-mails out of the office.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS) 78. The promise of paperless office has not come true in many offices mainly because manysecretaries are asked to _____________.79. Why has e-mailing taken up time rather than saved it?80. There is an increasing concern that e-mails are misused by some employees to express_____________.81. It is advised that employees should not use company e-mails as a way of ___________.【浦东】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements inthe fewest possible words.While some dictionaries define the word ―right‖ as ―a privilege,‖ when used in the context of ―human rights,‖ we are talking about something more basic. Originally, people had rights only because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpected—he set all slaves free and let them return home. Moreover, he declared peopl e should choose their own religion. Cyrus‘ statements are about the first ―human rights‖ declaration in history.Every person is entitled to certain fundamental rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called ―human rights‖ rather than a privilege, which can be taken away at someone‘s sudden desire. They are ―rights‖ because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.Yet many people, when asked to name their rights, will list only freedom of speech and belief and perhaps one or two others. There is no question that these are important rights, but the full scope of human rights is very broad. They mean choice and opportunity. They mean the freedom to get a job, adopt a career, select a partner of one‘s choice and raise children. They include the right to travel widely and the right to work without trouble, abuse and threat of arbitrary (霸道) dismissal. They even embrace the right to leisure.In ages past, there were no human rights. Then the idea turned up that people should have certain freedoms. And that idea, in the wake of World War II, resulted finally in the document called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the thirty rights to which all people are entitled.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No more than 10 words)78. In 539 BC, people were greatly surprised by Cyrus’s _____________________________.79. A privilege is different from Human rights in that it _____________________________.80. How long have human rights officially existed?81. What’s the main idea of the passage?【普陀】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Dolphins have been declared the world‘s second most intelligent creatures after humans, with scientists suggesting they are so bright that they should be treated as ―non-human persons‖.Studies into dolphin behavior have highlighted how similar their communications are to those of humans and that they are brighter than chimpanzees. These have been backed up by anatomical (解剖学) research showing that dolphin brains have many key features associated with high intelligence. Recently, a series of behavioral studies has suggested that dolphins, especially species such as the bottlenose, whose brains weigh about 5lb, could even be brighter than chimps, which some studies have found can reach the intelligence levels of three-year-old children. The studies show how dolphins have distinct personalities, a strong sense of self and can think about the future.It has also become clear that dolphins are ―culture‖animals, meaning that new types of behavior can quickly be picked up by one dolphin from another. In one study, Diana Reiss, professor of psychology at Hunter College, City University of New York, showed that bottlenose dolphins could recognize themselves in a mirror and use it to inspect various parts of their bodies, an ability that had been thought limited to humans and great apes. In another, she found that they also had theability to learn an elementary symbol-based language.Other research has shown dolphins can solve difficult problems, while those living in the wild cooperate in ways that imply complex social structures and a high level of emotions. In one recent case, a dolphin rescued from the wild was taught to tail-walk for three weeks in a dolphinarium (海豚宫) in Australia. After she was released, scientists were astonished to see the trick spreading among wild dolphins who had learnt it from the former captive (被俘的). Such observations have prompted questions about the brain structures of dolphins.Researchers have found that brain size varies hugely from around 7oz for the small species to more than 19lb for the sperm whales, whose brains are the largest on the planet. Human brains, by contrast, range from 21lb-4lb. When it comes to intelligence, however, brain size is less important than its size relative to the body.oz: an ounce in weight (1oz=28g)lb: a pound in weight (1lb=454g=16oz)(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than twelve words.)78. The which in the 2nd paragraph refers to _________.79. What do bottlenose dolphins do to make Diana Reiss believe they are ―culture‖ animals?80. The spreading of tail-walk shows wild dolphins have _________.81. What is the main factor that decides the level of intelligence according to the last paragraph?【徐汇】【松江】【金山】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.____________________________________________Technology means different things to different people. A physician might think of technology as a way to produce a new medicine. To a space engineer, it might mean making better rocket engines. Technology is so widespread that it is part of everyone‘s life. Originally, the word technology comes from the Greek word techne, which means ―art‖. You might think that art means only paintings or sculpture. But the Greeks believed an artist could make useful products from natural materials such as trees, rocks, and plants.What school subjects are related to technology?Though people‘s opinions vary on what groups of technology should be broken down to, you, when in school, may have the question: Why should you study technology? That question is easy to answer. Technology is fun, rewarding, and exciting. It is fun because you get to work with your hands. It is rewarding because you get to see the results of your work. Each day it brings new ideas and new challenges, which make technology exciting. Studying technology will also help you develop your problem-solving skills. You can learn to identify a problem and come up with a solution. You will also find that technology is related to other subjects that you study in school such as:MathematicsScienceSocial studiesEnglish language artsArtYou might enjoy all of your classes more after you begin to see the relationships between technology and other subjects.Do you know what “technologically literate” means?Technology is often in the news. A journalist might report on a particular electrical power plant, a food additive, or a safety device on an automobile. It is important that you understand theimportance of technology. Every day in many ways, technology affects the lives of people around the world. For example, automobile air bags have saved many lives in collisions. However, they inflate so quickly that they have caused injury and death in some cases. As a result, the federal government allows car owners to install an on/off switch for the air bags. Do you think the government should let people do this? To answer this question, you first need to know something about the technology being discussed.Does working on a small engine sound difficult to you? With a basic understanding of technology, it might not be as hard as you think. Being technologically literate means understanding technology and feeling comfortable with it. Sometimes there is no one correct answer to a problem. You need to think about and evaluate each situation, and then make a decision. When you can do this, you will be technologically literate.51.What can the title of the first paragraph be to match the other two?_________________________________________________________________.52.You can have ____________, since when studying technology, every day you work with yourhands, see the results of your work, and have new ideas and new challenges.53.Why are car owners allowed to switch off their air bags?________________________________________________________________________. 54.A technological literate can be a person who ____________________________________. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Fifteen Words.)【杨浦】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Do you feel stressed if your phone is not in sight?Don‘t be. Just the sight of your mobile phone can distract（转移，分心）you – even if you have turned it off and put it on the table, researchers from the University of Southern Maine in the US have found.The researchers asked two groups of students to carry out two different tasks which require paying attention.First, they were given a page of 20 rows of numbers and asked to circle one number in particular whenever they saw it.Second, they had to do the same and also cross off any two numbers in different rows that were next to each other and added up to the target number.During both experiments, half the students kept their phones on their desks and the other half put them out of sight.Those who put their phones in their pocket or their bag got an average of 20 percent higher in the test.We love using phones so much that it‘s becoming a problem, previous studies have found.An Android app followed how many times its 150,000 users checked their phone per day in 2013. The average figure was 110 times.A team at Baylor University in the US published a study in September saying that female students spent an average of 10 hours a day texting, e-mailing and on social media, while male students spent nearly eight.Why are we behaving like this? People want a ―constant connectivity‖, said Bill Thornton, a social psychologist at the University of Southern Maine in the US. Many ―check their phones when they wake up and as the last thing befor e they go to bed‖, he told the Daily Mail.Such behavior is bad for ―our ability to maintain attention‖, he added. Also, we react more slowly as a result.If you are always getting distracted by your phone, here‘s some advice for you: create a no-phone time zone.First, find out at least two hours of your day when you‘re most productive. Then turn off your phone and stay completely dedicated to the work you have to do.Oh yes, and don‘t forget to put the phone away as well.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. The result of the two experiments shows that ______________________________________.79. Girl students ______________________ than boys in texting, e-mailing and on social media.80. According to social psychologists, what leads to the high frequency of checking phones andlong screen time?_________________________________________________________________81. How can people avoid being distracted in their most productive hours?_________________________________________________________________【闸北】Directions:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Few would argue that there has not been significant technological progress in the field of self-driving cars in recent years. Aside from the technology question, the legislative issue gives the world a worse headache. The content of the trouble centres on the question of who is to blame in a crash. The legal field tends to have the owners take responsibility for the messes their cold lifeless machine makes, for which case an explosion of lawsuits are well expected.Today, many of the car manufacturers and their suppliers are researching self-driving technology, but it is unclear why they would want to roll it out quickly. A consumer in America, for example, uses his or her car for approximately one hour per day. There is, therefore, a large amount of "free capacity" in the personal vehicle use market. Imagine a world where you can be driven to work, and where your car can then turn around and drive home so that your partner or anybody else can use it during the day. This shared use pattern could certainly stop the need to own a second car. Taken to its logical conclusion, it could even be the biggest reason to eliminate the need to own a car at all. The effects on car sales volumes could be destructive.The possible violation of privacy is also a big issue on the map. We all know that consumer data is big business. A self-driving car would easily log where you visited, the time of the day you went, and much more. Though your purchase preferences might escape secret peeping, the leakage of your whereabouts s eems inevitable as it‘s hard to do what you are always doing to your smartphone toward the sole tool of transportation. Power off the big steel fellow and you are stuck on the road. The now excitedly expecting public are sure to be annoyed soon.Much discussed, the poor application of the technology outweighs the previous factors. In car industry, new vehicle features take a long time to get to broad market mass. Features are typically launched first on high-end vehicles, and then trickle down once there is sufficient space in the market to generate the scale affordable for the volume vehicles. With a car model's life cycle being between five and seven years, it is hard to see self-driving technology being fitted as standards of the mass-market brands.We still have a long way off from a world of completely self-driving cars.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHTWORDS.)。

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