中科院考博英语大纲词组

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【精选】中科院考博英语生词精简版

【精选】中科院考博英语生词精简版

adept vt. n. 熟练的,精通的。

内行,老手abhor vt. 憎恶,厌恶;痛恨abject/æb’dʒekt/ a. 悲惨的,凄惨的;下贱的,自卑的abstain/ə’bstein/ vi. 1.弃权2.有意戒绝accession n. 就职,就任;添加,增加acquisitive/ə’kwizitiv/a. 想得到的;贪得无厌的acquaint vt. 使熟悉,使了解acquiesce /ækwi’es/vt. 默认,默许,默然接受admonish/əd’mɔniʃ/vt. 告诫,警告adorn/ədɔ:n/vt. 装饰,使生色adventitious a. 偶然的,偶然获得的;外来的,外加的allude/ə’lu:d/vi. 暗示,提示ameliorate/ə’mi:ljəreit/ vt. 变好,改善,改进amicable/æmikəbl/ a. 友好的,友善的;心平气和的antagonism/æn’tægənizəm/n. 对抗,敌对annul/ə’nʌl/ vt. 取消,废除(协议、合同等)apathy/æpəθi/ n. 无情,冷漠,无动于衷apostle/əpɔsl/ n. 倡导者,鼓吹者apposite a. 适当的apprehensive a. 忧虑的,担心的apprise vt. 通知,公告apron/’eiprən/n. 围裙arbor/’a:bə/n. 凉亭,藤架archaic a. 古代的;早期的;陈旧过时的assail vt. 攻击,袭击;(言语)攻击,责骂;着手解决assent vi 同意(to)assiduous a. 刻苦的,勤奋的;殷勤的assorted/ə’sɔ:tid/a. 混杂的,各式各样的asylum/ə’sailəm/n. 庇护,政治避难attributable a. 可归属的,可归因的(to)austere/ɔ:’stiə/a. 严峻的;朴素的auxiliary a. 辅助的,协助的;附属的,从属的avenue n. 林荫大道;手段,途径,方法averse a. 不乐意的,不情愿的;嫌恶的,反对的(to)avocation n. 副业,业余爱好backlash n. 强烈抵制baffle/’bæfl/vt. 使困惑,难住bale/beil/n.vt. 大包,打捆;打包banish/’bæniʃ/vt. 放逐,驱逐;消除beckon/’bekən/vt/vi. 召唤,示意bellow/’beləu/vi.vt.n 咆哮,吼叫benevolent/bi’nevələnt/a. 仁慈的,善意的benign/bi’nain/a. 仁慈的,亲切的beseech vt. 哀求,恳求,急于要求得到billow/’biləu/n.vi 巨浪,浓烟;翻腾,涌起bladder/’blædə/n. 膀胱bland/blænd/a. 温和的,清淡的bleak/bli:k/a. 荒凉的;阴冷的blister/’blistə/n.vt. 水泡;气泡blot/blɔt/vt.n. (用吸墨纸)吸干,擦掉bluff/blʌf/vt.n. 愚弄,吓唬;虚张声势blurt/blə:t/vt. 脱口说出,不经意说出bout/baut/n. 发作;一阵bounteous a. 十分慷慨的,非常大方的brag vt. 自夸,吹嘘brawl/brɔ:l/n.vi. 争吵,打架brigade/bri’geid/n. 军队的旅;队,组bristle/brisl/a. 刺毛;被激怒brittle a. 易碎的bulge n. 肿胀;膨胀buoyant a. 能浮起的;轻松的,愉快的;抱有希望的;(价格)上涨的bust vt. 打破,打碎bustle vi.n. 忙乱canon n. 教规canvass vt.n. 细查;拉选票,拉生意captivate vt. 迷住catalyst/kætlist/n. 催化剂celibate/selibət/ a. celibacy n. 独身的,不结婚的,禁欲的censure vt.n. 责难ceramic/si’ræmik/a. 陶瓷的cession n. 割让,转让cessation n. 停止chuck vt. 轻拍;抛掷clan n. 家族,宗族clatter vt.n. 发出连续清脆的撞击声cleat n. 防滑鞋clinch vt. 决定,确定(问题);使最后解决在。

中科院考博英语基础词汇

中科院考博英语基础词汇

XX年中科院考博英语根底词汇xx年中科院考博英语根底词汇中科院有900余人在重要国际科技组织、学术期刊担任重要职务。

下面是的中科院考博,希望能帮到大家!resist v. 抵抗, 耐得住, 压制 n. 保护膜furnish vt. 布置,提供,装备wrist n. 腕,腕关节rarity n. 稀薄,稀有, 珍品hardness n. 坚硬, 困难, 严厉batch n. 一次所烘的面包,一次所制之量,一组, 批, 分批 vi. 分批处理racket n. 球拍, 喧闹纷乱tin n. 锡,马口铁,罐 vt. 在...上镀锡sake n. 缘故, 利益, 好处poetry n. 诗歌segregate adj. 别离的, 被隔离的 v. 别离, 隔离, 分凝refreshment n. 恢复,精神爽快,提神之事物;点心,茶点infringement n. 违反(侵犯)invisible adj. 看不见的,无形的 n. 隐形人(或物品)melody n. 旋律,曲子,美的音乐,曲调pertain vi. 附属, 关于wake vt. 守灵,叫醒,醒来 vi. 醒,叫醒 n. 清醒,守护神节日,守灵,尾流,后果parrot n. 鹦鹉, 盲目重复或模仿他人行为的人 vt. 学舌, 盲目重复或模仿evade v. 躲避, 逃避, 躲避timetable n. 时间表, 时刻表,课程表signify v. 象徵, 预示cliff n. 悬崖, 峭壁hug n. 紧抱,拥抱 vt. 紧抱,固执,挨着, 停靠 vi. 紧抱, 紧紧靠着thick adj. 厚的,浓密(重)的,笨的 adv. 厚,浓,密 n. 密集处,最厚处heave n. 举,抛,起伏 v. 用力举起,抛出,凸起collar n. 衣领,项圈 vt. 抓住,为...戴上项圈escort n. 护送者, 护卫者, 护航舰 vt. 护卫, 护送,伴游humorous adj. 幽默的, 诙谐的panion n. 同伴, 同事, 成对物品之一, (船的)甲板间扶梯(或扶梯的`顶篷) vt. &vi. 陪伴diesel n. 柴油机,内燃机finite adj. 有限的cable n. 电缆,海底电报 vt. 打海底电报,把...拧成缆,用缆捆住 vi. 打海底电报toss n. 投掷, 震荡 v. 投掷, 摇荡, 辗转aent n. 重音,口音,强调 vt. 重读,强调jointly adv. 共同地,连带地singular adj. 个人的,单数的,独一的,唯一的,非凡的 n. 单数hover vi. 盘旋,翱翔,徘徊 n. 盘旋,翱翔,徘徊crimson n. 深红色 adj. 深红色的 v. 变为深红色, 脸红intensify vt. 增强(强化,加剧,加厚,增高银影密度) penny n. 便士,小钱,少量。

中科院考博英语高频基础词汇

中科院考博英语高频基础词汇

中科院考博英语高频基础词汇中科院考博英语高频基础词汇博士英语是独立命题,中科院考博英语阅读量大,词汇量要求也多。

为了帮助大家备考,店铺整理了一些中科院考博英语词汇,希望能帮到大家!rinse vt. 漱;冲洗掉;漂净 n. 冲洗;漂洗;[轻] 染发剂;染发 vi. 冲洗掉;漂净interplanetary adj. 太阳系内的,行星间的rivalry n. 敌对,竞争,对抗contempt n. 轻视,轻蔑bypass vt. 绕开, 忽视 n. 支路,旁道dine v. 用正餐,进餐lion n. 狮子longitude n. 经度assessment n. 估价, 评估propeller n. 螺旋桨, 推进器 =propellorslice n. 薄的切片,一部份,锅铲 vt. 切成薄片,大幅降低item n. 项目,条款,一件商品(或物品) adv. 也inspect vt. 调查, 检阅 vi. 调查chancellor n. 英大臣(使馆秘书, 首相)coconut n. 椰子effect n. 结果, 影响, 效果; 要旨 vt. 招致, 引起; 实现, 达到exempt n. 免税者,被免除义务者 adj. 免除的 v. 使免除vow n. 誓约 vt.& vi. 发誓await vt. 等候,准备...以待,储存 vi. 等待slap n. 掴, 侮辱, 拍击声 vt. 拍击, 侮辱, 惩罚, 申斥 adv. 正面地, 直接地, 突然地accessory adj. 附属的(副的,辅助的) n. 附件,同谋threaten vt. &vi. 威胁,构成威胁prince n. 王子, 亲王, 佼佼者theft n. 偷窃fabric n. 织物, 布, 结构itch n. 痒, 渴望, 疥癣 v. 使...痒, 渴望portion n. 部分,份,命运 v. 将...分配,分配horny adj. 角的',角状的,角质的,淫的shower n. 阵雨,淋浴 vi. 倾盆而下,淋浴 vt. 淋湿,下骤雨,使(大量东西)落在某人身上glance vi.一瞥; 闪微光; 掠过,擦过; 随便提到,简略地触及 n.浏览; 闪光; 歪斜,一掠sweat n. 汗, 流汗, (因冷凝作用形成在物体表面的)水珠, 艰巨的任务, 焦急状态 vi. 出汗, 辛苦工作, 感到焦急 vt. 使流汗, 拼命做出...inland adj. 内陆的, 国内的 adv. 内陆地 n. 内陆fortress n. 堡垒, 要塞, 防御工事infectious adj. 传染的bout n. 来回(一次)renaissance n. 文艺复兴,再生tooth n. 牙齿shameful adj. 可耻的crisp adj. 脆的,易碎的 n. 薯片,松脆物 vt. &vi. 使发脆marsh n. 沼泽, 湿地 Marsh:马什(人名)。

2023年中科院考博英语词汇总结个人整理版最新版

2023年中科院考博英语词汇总结个人整理版最新版

A1.adap.adep.adop.adapt vt.使适应;使适合He adapted himself to the cold weather.When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well. adep.adj.(与at.i.连用.纯熟旳;精通.n.内行;老手She was adept at the fine art of irritating people.adopt vt.收养;采用;采用They adopted our methods.正式通过;采纳The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favour to 10 against it.2.adopted adoptiveadopted adj.被收养旳, 被采纳旳an adopted child/an adopted adviceadoptive adj.收养(孩子)旳an adoptive mother3.averse adverseaverse adj.(常与to 连用)嫌恶旳I am not averse to a dance party and a good mean after a week's hard work. The minister is averse to/from flattery.adverse adj.不利旳;相反旳an adverse decisionAdverse circumstances compelled him to close his business.4 affection affectationaffection n.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向affectation n.假装, 虚饰, 做作5.altitude attitude aptitude latitude longitude multitudealtitude(海拔)高度-At high altitudes of Tibet it is difficult to breathe.高处-The plane flew at an altitude of 20230 metres.attitude n.姿势;态度-People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely.见解;意见-What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river? What's the authorities' attitude towards this discord?aptitude n.能力;才能;天资latitude n.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论旳;自由(范围)longitude n.经度, 经线multitude n.多数, 群众6.angle angelanglen.角;角度-a right angle角落;墙角;棱角观点;见解;看问题旳角度to consider all angles of the questionThe professor angled his report to suit the audience he was speaking to.vt.转动一种角度-to angle a camera带成见地描述(某事)He angles his reports to please his editor in chief.用钩和钓钓鱼He is keen on angling.(与for 连用)运用手段获得, 攫取angeln.天使;守护神;仁慈、漂亮旳女人7.announce denounce renounce pronounceannouncevt.通告;宣布, 宣布;刊登The captain announced that the plane was going to land.The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain. denounce vt.告发;揭发;斥责renounce vt.正式放弃He renounced his claim to the property.宣布断绝关系He renounced his religion.pronouncevt., vi.发音;发出…音How do you pronounce c-l-e-r-k?宣称;宣布;断言The expert pronounced the picture to be a forgery.The priest pronounced them man and wife.Everyone pronounced the party to be very good.(常与on, for, against, in favor of 连用)〈法〉宣判The judge pronounced sentence on the prisoner.8.annua.annulannualadj.每年旳;一年一次旳-an annual eventannulvt.取消, 废除(婚姻、契约等)abolish/abolition; abrogate/abrogation9.apposite oppositeappositeadj.合适旳oppositeadj.相对旳, 对面旳, 对立旳, 相反旳, 对等旳, 应旳n.相反旳事物10 appraise apprise praiseappraisevt.评估, 评价, 鉴定apprisevt.告知;告知She was apprised of our arrival.The secretary came to apprise us that the erection of the monster machine had been successfully completed.praisevt.赞美;赞扬;歌颂;赞颂She praised her daughter's hard work.11.apprehensive comprehensiveapprehensiveadj.忧虑旳;紧张旳-apprehensive for sb.'s safetycomprehensiveadj.全面旳;广泛旳;包括内容多旳;详尽旳The state government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.12 argument augmentargumentn.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ~(for,against),意见augmentvt., vi.增大;增长13.ascrib.describ.prescrib.subscrib.inscrib.proscrib.ascribe vt.归因于, 归咎于describe vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容v.描述prescribe vt., vi.`开药方;处方;命令;规定The law prescribes what should be done.What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption?The doctor prescribed total abstinence.subscribevt., vi.(常与to, for 连用)捐款;捐助;订购(报纸、杂志等)(常与to 连用)同意, 赞同inscribevt.(常与in, on, with 连用)题写;铭刻She inscribed her own name on the textbook.(常与to 连用)题名This book I inscribe to my old comrades-in-arms.proscribe vt.严禁14.assen.ascen.. concent/decentassentvi.(常与to 连用)同意ascentn.上升, (地位, 声望等旳)提高, 攀登, 上坡路15 dissent descent decentdissentvi.(常与from 连用)持异议;不一样意;意见不一致He and I dissented from each other in choosinga suitable candidate.descentn.下降;下滑;降下;下来血统;遗传He traces his descent from an old Normanfamily.decentadj体面旳合适旳16.assum.resum.consum.presume英语部分269/1359assum. vt.假定;假设I assume you always get up at the same time.采用;承担to assume new dutiesresume n.摘要, 概略, <美> 履历vt.再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复consume vt., vi.吃, 喝;消耗;消费;花费His old car consumed much gasoline.消灭;烧毁The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood. presume vt., vi.(常与that 连用)假定;假设;认为I presume from your speech that you are a foreigner.You must presume no such thing.当作;姑且认为If a person is missing for 7 years, he is presumed dead.(常与to + inf 连用)放肆;擅作主张A servant ought not to presume.(与on, upon 连用)指望;寄但愿于…We must not presume too mush on the reliability of such sources.17 avocation vocation vacationavocationn.(个人)副业, 业余爱好vocationn.职业;行业天职;使命vacationn.假期I worked in a small beachside restaurantduring the college vacation.18 authentic authoritativeauthentic真实旳: 与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖旳:an authentic account by an eyewitness.真正旳: 有着经证明旳来源或创作者旳;非伪造旳或非复制旳:英语部分270/1359an authentic medieval sword.一把真正旳中世纪剑authoritativeadj.(形容词)官方旳: 有着或由政府发起旳;官方旳:an authoritative decree; authoritative sources. 权威性旳: 拥有公认旳精确性或优秀性旳;极可信赖旳:an authoritative account of the revolution.专断旳: 行使权力旳;命令旳:the captain's authoritative manner.19 adjoin adjacent adjournadjoinvt.毗连;临近;贴近Our house adjoins theirs.adjacentadj.(与to 连用)相邻旳, 邻近旳adjournvt., vi.延期;休会, 会议暂停The meeting will be adjourned till next Wednesday.20 admire admiraladmirev.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕admiraln.海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰21 adore adornadorevt.崇拜敬爱;敬重非常喜欢He adores the cinema.She adores going to the volleyball ma tch. adornvt.装饰She likes to adorn herself with jewels.增长…旳重要性或吸引力He tried to adorn his story with a lot of lies 22.applianc.applican.application appliancen.用品, 器具英语部分271/1359applicantn.申请者, 祈求者applicationn.祈求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用23 alley ally alloyalleyn.小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱旳)小径allyv.结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同盟vn.同盟国, 支持者alloy合金24 accession accessaccessionn.就职, 就任, 添加, 增长accessn.通路, 访问, 入门vt.存取, 靠近B1.bul.bullybull n.公牛, 粗壮如牛旳人, 乐观进取旳人;胡扯;废话bull.vt.威吓;欺侮;以强凌弱He's always bullying smaller boys.2.bandage bondagebandage n 绷带bondage n 奴役, 束缚3.brea.beadbread n 面包bead n 水珠、珠子;祈祷4.bum.dum.jum.hum.lum.plum.pumpbump n.撞击, 肿块v.碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸dumpvt.倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸n.堆存处jum.n.跳跃.上涨.惊跳vt.跳跃.跃过.突升.使跳跃vi.跳跃, 暴涨n.驼峰, 驼背, 小园丘, 峰丘v.(使)隆起, 弓起lumpn.块(尤指小块), 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起.plumpadj.圆胖旳, 丰满旳, 鼓起旳vt.忽然放下, 使丰满, 使鼓起vi变丰满, 鼓起pump n.泵, 抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水).抽吸5.beac.breac.bleachbeachn.海滨;湖滨;河滩The little beach hotel has a pleasant ambien breachn.(常与of 连用)违反;不履行;破坏in breach of contractYour company is in breach of the contract. bleach使变白Did you bleach this tablecloth? 英语部分273/1359bead n 珠子, 水珠vt 祈祷6.bride bribebride n 新娘bribe n v t 贿赂boom broom bloomboom n.v 繁华兴旺broom n 扫帚buffet bufferbuffetn.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打, 打击vt ①持续地打击②搏斗buffervt 缓冲、缓和C1.censo.censurecensorn.检查员vt.检查, 审查censurev.责难n.责难2.cessio.sessioncessionn.割让, 转让, [律]让与(他人)债权sessionn.(官方机构旳)会议, 会期, 开会期The general session approved the report of the investigation committee.学期;大学旳学期3.clas.crus.crashclashn.冲突, 撞击声, 抵触the clash of weaponsclash of interestsa clash with the policeI failed to go to her wedding because it clashed with my examination.英语部分274/1359战斗It is broadcast that the two armies clashed near the borderline again before dawn. vi., vt.冲突The enemy armies clashed.(事情)在时间上相冲突It's a pity the two concerts clash.(常与with 连用)(色彩)不协调This shirt clashes with your trousers. crushvt., vi.压碎;压坏;碾碎挤压;塞to crush one's way through the crowd破坏;弹压;压服to crush all oppositioncrashn.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声v.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业企业, 政府等) 破产, 倒台4.classi.classicalclassicn.杰作, 名著adj.第一流旳classicaladj.古典旳, 正统派旳, 古典文学旳5.clenc.clinchclenchvt., vi.紧合;咬紧(牙关);捏紧(拳头)She clenched her teeth when she was operated on.紧握;抓牢The girl clenched her money in her hand. clinchvt., vi.敲弯钉头钉牢;钉住把(木头)钉牢在一起确定;决定(贸易等);达到买卖或协议The two companies clinched the deal quickly. The offer of more money clinched it for her. She agree to undertake the job as the assistantto the managing director.6.coarse hoarse roar英语部分275/1359coarseadj.粗旳;粗糙旳;未精炼旳(表面)不光滑旳;粗织旳coarse cloth粗鲁旳;鲁莽旳;不礼貌旳coarse talkhoarseadj.嘶哑旳His voice was hoarse after talking for an hour.roarn.吼声;咆哮声the roar of an angry lionThe lion gave a loud roar.7.canvas.canvascanvasn.粗帆布一块油画布The young artist showed me his recent canvases.canvassn.细查, 讨论, 劝诱vt.彻底检查, 细究, 向...拉票或拉生意, 讨论vi.游说, 拉选票8.canno.canoncannonn.加农炮;大炮canonn.教规, 宗教法规9.credibl.credulouscredibleadj.可信旳;可靠旳credulousadj.轻信他人旳10 continual continuouscontinualadj.over and over again; regular but interrupted; 持续旳Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for trifles.英语部分276/1359continuousadj.不停旳continuing without stopping ;ceaseless continuous rain all day7.collide colludecollidevi.互撞;碰撞;(车、船等)猛撞The two trains collided.冲突;反对;强烈抵触(with)colludevi.共谋;勾结;串通(with)mendcommentn.注释, 评论, 意见vi.注释, 评论(on )commendvt.夸奖, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引pe.expe.prope.repelcompelvt.强迫, 迫使expelvt赶走: 驱逐或把…赶出去:expel an invader.排出: 从容器里或象从容器里释放: 被迫离开;把…除名:expelled the student from college for cheating.See Synonyms at eject propelvt.推进, 推进驱策repelvt.击退;逐退to repel an attack使厌恶;使反感His accent repels me.10 contemporary temporary contemporaryn.同步代旳人adj.现代旳, 同步代旳英语部分277/1359temporaryadj.临时旳, 临时旳, 临时性11.contemptuou.contemptible contemptuousadj.(常与of 连用)表达轻蔑旳;傲慢旳a contemptuous lookcontemptibleadj.卑鄙旳It was contemptible of him to speak like thatabout a respectable teacher!It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on an old friend!12 confer infer refer prefer defer confervt.授予(称号、学位等)on, 赠与, 把...赠与, 协议v.协商, 互换意见(on)The engineers and technicians are still conferring on the unexpected accident. infervt.推断;推知;推论to infer an unknown fact from a known fact I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet.refervt., vi.(常与to 连用)波及;提到针对;有关The new law does not refer to farm land.提交;交付The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.prefervt.(常与to 连用)更喜欢;宁愿to prefer coffee to tWhich of these two dresses do you prefer? defervt.推迟;延期vt.(与to 连用)服从;顺从Do you always defer to your parents wishes?13.consequen.subsequentconsequentadj.作为成果旳subsequentadj.随即旳, 后来旳;继起旳14 conventional convenient conventionaladj.通例旳, 常规旳, 习俗旳, 老式旳convenientadj.便利旳, 以便旳英语部分278/135915.confidan.confidant.confiden.confidential confidantn.知己男友confidanten.知己旳女友confidentadj.确信旳;有信心旳;自信旳Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director. confidentialadj.机密旳;秘密旳a confidential order参与机密旳;视为心腹旳a confidential secretary16.conver.diver.inver.rever.reverse convertvt.(常与into 连用)转变;变换to convert an old house into a new oThat building has been converted into a school.兑换I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.变化信奉、党派或意见等She managed to convert him to her opinion. divertvt.转向;转移A ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields.Traffic was ordered to divert to another road because of the repair of the main road.The government is planning to divert the river to supply water to the town.A loud noise from the street diverted my attention.invertvt.置于相反位置;上下倒置The little boy caught the insect by invertingthe cup over it.revertvi.(与to 连用)恢复原状;答复;回到(本来话题)(财产等)归复, 偿还reversevt.倒退;倒转He reversed the car.翻转She reversed the paper.变化;使成相反旳东西He reversed the judgment and set the prisoner free after all.17 counsel consul councilcounseln.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师英语部分279/1359vt.劝说, 忠告consuln.n.政务会, 理事会, 委员会, 参议会, 讨论会议, 顾问班子, 立法班子18 conscious conscientiousconsciousadj.故意识旳;神志清醒旳He is hurt but still conscious.理解旳;察觉旳She was not conscious of his presence in the room.刻意旳: 故意设计或做旳;刻意旳:a conscious insult; made a conscious effort to speak more clearly。

中科院考博英语复习必背高频词汇

中科院考博英语复习必背高频词汇

中科院考博英语复习必背高频词汇2017中科院考博英语复习必背高频词汇考博英语是试题是自主命题,下面是店铺整理的中科院考博英语词汇,欢迎大家阅读!entertainment n. 娱乐solar adj. 太阳的,太阳能的bridge n. 桥,鼻梁,桥牌 vt. 渡过,架桥drawback n. 不利点,退税race n. 种族, 赛跑 v. 赛跑, 竞赛incidental adj. 附带的, 偶然的, 容易发生的fan n. 风扇,扇形物,狂热者 vt. 风选,煽,吹,煽动,向扇子一样展开 vi. 像扇子一样行动,鱼贯而出anthropologist n. 人类学家bribe n. 贿赂,贿赂物 vt.& vi. 贿赂bother vt. 烦扰 vi. 烦扰,操心 n. 烦扰pharmaceutical adj. 药物的(医药的) n. 药品(成药)adhere vi. 坚守于, 对...忠贞, 紧抓着, 遵守 vt. 使附着, 使粘牢baffle v. 困惑, 为难trunk n. 树干,躯干, 干线, (汽车后部)行李箱,象鼻benign adj. 仁慈的,温和的,良性的comfortable adj. 舒适的,充裕的whom pron. [who的宾格]谁shell n. 贝壳,壳,外形vt. &vi. 去壳,脱落,炮击,拾贝壳n.[计算机] DOS命令 : 安装备用的文件, 并改变环境尺寸detailed adj. 详细的windy adj. 有风的, 多风的critical adj.批评的,爱挑剔的; 危险的,危急的; 决定性的; [物]临界的strike n. 罢工, 打击, 殴打 v. 打, 撞, 罢工, 划燃languish v. 变得衰弱无力,失去活力,憔悴,被冷落,苦思,表现出惹人爱怜的倦态brim n. 边,边缘,(河)边 v. 满,使...盈beak n. 鸟嘴,鸟嘴装物体,鼻 n. 地方治安官,校长fable n. 寓言ideal adj. 理想的, 完美的`, 高尚的 n. 理想, 典范, 目标tie n. 结,束缚,不分胜负,(领)带 vt. 系,约束,捆绑 vi. 打结,连结deputy adj. 代理的, 副的 n. 代表, 副手sulphate n. 硫酸盐 vt. 用硫酸处理(硫酸盐化) =sulfate(美)mistress n. 主妇, 女主人, 情妇triangular adj. 三角形的, 以三角形为底的, 三方的, (感情上)三角关系的tackle n. 工具,复滑车,扭倒 vt. &vi. 处理,抓住determination n. (正式)决定,规定,决心,测定, 定位radiant adj. 发光的, 明亮的, 辐射的legal adj. 法律的,合法的,法定的solidify vt. 使牢固,使团结 vi. 变坚固,变结实tent n. 帐篷 vt.& vi. 住帐篷,宿营zinc n. 锌 vt. 在…上镀锌section n. 零件,部分,章节,区域,部门,路段,断面 vt. 划分,切开 vi. 划分【2017中科院考博英语复习必背高频词汇】。

中科院考博常用英语词汇

中科院考博常用英语词汇

中科院考博常用英语词汇中科院考博常用英语词汇中科院物理、化学、材料科学、数学、环境与生态学、地球科学等学科整体水平已进入世界先进行列。

为了帮助报考中科院博士研究生的大家,店铺整理了一些中科院考博英语词汇,希望能帮到大家!starch n. 淀粉 vt. 给...上浆consume vt. 消耗,毁灭,吃,喝, 挥霍 vi. 耗尽生命, 被烧毁weekend n. 周末 vi. 过周末 adj. 周末的, 兼职的brood n. 窝 v. 孵,沉思screw n. 螺丝钉,吝啬鬼,压迫,转动,螺旋状物,监狱看守 vt. 扭紧,压榨,欺骗,强迫 vi. 旋转coupon n. 试样(配给票, 息票, 附单)ego n. 自我, 自负, 自尊心Mercury n. 水银, 水星revolutionary adj. 革命的 n. 革命者engrave v. 雕刻kit n. 装备,工具箱 vt. 装备shelf n. 架子,搁板(状物),岩棚groan v. 呻吟aggregate n. 合计, 总计, 集合体 adj. 合计的, 集合的, 聚合的 v. 聚集, 集合, 合计villain n. 坏人, 恶棍scanner n. 扫描机, 扫描仪pessimistic adj. 悲观的, 悲观主义的develop vt. 发展,开发,冲洗照片 vi. 进步saw vbl. 看见(see的过去式) n. 锯 vt.& vi.用锯子锯symmetrical adj. 对称的seminar n. (大学的)研究班,研讨会coke n. 焦炭 vt. &vi. 炭化adore v. 崇拜,爱慕,喜爱decent adj. 有分寸的,得体的,相当好的confront vt. 面临, 对抗, 遭遇generally adv. 一般地sociology n. 社会学, 社会关系学, 群落生态学vent n. 排气口, 表达, 发泄, 火山口 vt.&vi. 发泄, 表达, 排放eastward adj. 向东的 adv. 向东constraint n. 约束, 强制, 约束条件, 对感情的压抑, 虚情假意 [计算机] 限制wade v. 跋涉,涉水 n. 跋涉stretch n. 伸展,张开 adj. 可伸缩的 vt. &vi. 伸展,张开,延伸secure adj.安全的; 牢固的; 有把握的; 安心的 vt.保护; (使)获得; 使安全; 担保 vi.获得安全,变得安全; 安全,保险; 承保,担保; [航海学]停止工作clockwise adj. 顺时针方向的 adv. 顺时针方向地misery n. 痛苦,悲惨的境遇,苦难mutual adj. 共同的,相互的optical adj. 眼睛的, 视觉的, 光学的stainless adj. 无瑕疵的, 不锈的composer n.创作者(尤指乐曲的)nail n. 钉子,指甲 vt. 钉, 使牢固, 抓捕, 敲定processor n. 加工者,处理器appalling adj. 令人震惊的, 可怕的动词appall的现在分词形式revival n. 复兴, 复活, 恢复精神discharge vt. &vi. 放出,解雇,放电,解除, 清偿债务 n. 释放,卸货,放电,一股,一阵,开火,发射,准许离开sacred adj. 神圣的,受尊重的tortoise n. 龟anecdote n. 轶事,奇闻bacterial adj. 细菌的`heavenly adj. 天上的,神圣的,天国似的proficient adj. 熟练的,精通的 n. 能手,专家habitual adj. 惯常的, 习惯的pal n. 可程序化行列逻辑 n. 朋友,伙伴,同志 v. 结为友vocational adj. 职业的preface n. 序文, 绪言, 前言 v. 作序, 写前言, 以...开始creature n. 生物, 动物, 人sculptor n. 雕刻家ceiling n. 天花板,上限similar adj. 相似的,类似的,相同,一样recondition vt. 修理sequence n. 序列, 一系列, 顺序, 一组镜头 vt. 安排顺序。

中科院考博英语词汇复习

中科院考博英语词汇复习

中科院考博英语词汇复习中科院考博英语词汇复习对于想走科研这条路的人来说,读博士过程中你可以学到许多科研方法,接触许多很有水平的同领域的专家,开阔自己的眼界。

下面是的中科院考博,希望能帮到大家!integrity n. 老实, 正直, 完整, 完善exquisite adj. 精挑细选的,精致的,细腻的,强烈的 n. 过分在意外表着装的人distinct adj. (from)独特的,不同的,明显的,清楚的ace n. 幺点,好手,高手,发球得分 adj. 一流的,卓越的vt. 发球得分,考试中取得好成绩perate vt. &vi. 穿透,渗透,看穿mobile adj. 可移动的,易变的,迁徙的, 流动的. n. (可随风飘动的)悬挂装置, 可动雕塑gardener n. 园丁, 花匠, 园艺家versus prep. 对;与...相对;对抗nicotine n. 尼古丁summarize vt. &vi. 概述,摘要而言gravity n. 地心引力,重力,严重,庄重,严肃affiliate n. 联号(联播台,同伙),附属机构,分公司 vt. &vi. 合并(使...参加,追源)relevance n. 中肯, 适当, 关联, 相关性productivity n. 生产率, 生产能力martyr n. 烈士,殉道者 vt. 杀害,折磨,牺牲porter n. 搬运工,门房,(火车卧铺车厢或豪华车厢的)乘务员,(医院,商店中的)清洁工 n. (旧时)黑啤酒 n. 波特(人名) boredom n. 厌烦, 厌倦, 令人厌烦的事物interpreter n. 译员,口译者,解释程序extravagant adj. 奢侈的,浪费的,过度的,大量的sitting n. (...的)一段时间, (分批开饭的)一批 n. 法庭的开庭 adj. 孵卵的,坐着的,易击中的,现任的动词sit的现在分词assassinate v. 暗杀revise n. 校订, 修正, 再校稿 v. 校订, 修正, 校正raze vt. 摧毁,消除, 抹去clash n. 冲突,撞击声,抵触 vt. 冲突,抵触,使...发出撞击声vi. 引起冲突whisper vt.低声说; 私语; 密谈,密谋坏事; 私下说 vi.沙沙地响; 耳语; 密谈 n.低语,耳语; 飒飒声; [医]嗫音; 传闻ruffle n. 绉褶, 生气, 褶裥饰边,涟漪 vt. 弄绉, 给...打褶皱, 扰乱 vi. 变皱,发脾气reckless adj. 不计后果的,大意的,鲁莽的jail n. 监牢,监狱,拘留所 vt. 监禁,下狱tidy n. (沙发, 椅子等的)背罩, 装杂物的容器 adj. 饱满的, 令人满意的, 整洁的, 可观的 vt. 使整齐 vi.reflection n. 反映,映像,折射,沉思,影响fear n. 敬畏,害怕,担忧,不安的原因 vt. 害怕,敬畏homage n. 敬意,效忠metre n. 米, 公尺,计量器 n. (诗的)韵律,格律 =meter(美)limestone n. 石灰石rapidly adv. 迅速地inaurate adj. 不准确的,错误的vocal adj. 声音的,口述的,歌唱的 n. 元音,声乐作品orchestra n. 管弦乐队overtake v. 赶上, 突然来袭, 压倒historic adj. 有历史意义的。

中科院考博英语真题词汇汇总解读

中科院考博英语真题词汇汇总解读

唤醒激发
致以问候称赞
Salute
致意问候称赞
Approve of 赞成
说明
Interpretation 术语
解释说明
Glossary 术语(特殊用语)表;词汇表;专业词典
Jargon
行话 专门术语 术语
Dialect
方言地方话
Idiom 成语习语
沉迷
Indulgence 沉溺沉迷放纵 Obsessed with 入迷的一门心思 Addicted 上瘾
Insurance against 以防什么的保险
Indulgence 沉溺沉迷放纵
In 。。。。。。 Of 。。。
In case of 万一 In view of 鉴于,考虑到 In face of 面对 In excess of 超过大于多余 By virtue of 依赖凭靠 In vision of In pursuit of 追求
DE
Deviate 背离 偏离 离题 Derive 导出 起源 派生 Deprive 使丧失使剥夺 Dwell on 详述;细想 Dwell in 居住 Deny 拒绝不给某人阻止某人获得否认拒绝给与 Defective 不完美的
IM
Imperative 急需的必须的强烈的 Impartial 公平的不偏不倚的 Incoherent 不连贯的语无伦次的 Impulsively adv. 有推动力地
Accent 口音
Alter 改变更改
Allergic 过敏
Approve of 赞成
B
Bear on Bear out
涉及关于 对 …施加压力;与 …有关;对 …有影响;瞄准 证明 证实 支持
Be boiled down to 被归结为

中科院考博英语

中科院考博英语

PAPER ONEPART I VOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each)Directions: Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. Ten years ago, a house with a decent bathroom was a__________ symbol among university professors.A. postB. statusC. positionD. place2. It would be far better if collectors could be persuaded to spend their time and money in support of ___________ archaeological research.A. legibleB. legitimateC. legislativeD. illicit3. We seek a society that has at its __________ a respect for the dignity and worth of the individual.A. endB. handC. coreD. best4. A variety of problems have greatly _________the country’s normal educational development.A. impededB. impartedC. imploredD. implemented5. A good education is an asset you can ________for the rest of your life.A. spell outB. call uponC. fall overD. resort to6. Oil can change a society more ____________ than anyone could ever have imagined.A. grosslyB. severelyC. rapidlyD. drastically7. Beneath its myriad rules, the fundamental purpose of___________ is to make the world a pleasanter place to live in, and you a more pleasant person to live with.A. elitismB. eloquenceC. eminenceD. etiquette8. The New Testament was not only written in the Greek language, but ideas derived from Greek philosophy were_____________ in many parts of it.A. alteredB. criticizedC. incorporatedD. translated9. Nobody will ever know the agony I go __________ waiting for him to come home.A. overB. withC. downD. through10. While a country’s economy is becoming the most promising in the world, its people should be more ____________ about their quality of life.A. discriminatingB. distributingC. disagreeingD. disclosing11. Cheated by two boys whom he had trust on, Joseph promised to ____________ them.A. find fault withB. make the most ofC. look down uponD. get even with12. The Minister’s _________ answer let to an outcry from the Opposition.A. impressiveB. evasiveC. intensiveD. exhaustive13. In proportion as the ____________ between classes within the nation disappears the hostility of one nation to another will come to an end.A. intoleranceB. pessimismC. injusticeD. antagonism14. Everyone does their own thing, to the point where a fifth-grade teacher can’t __________ on a fourth-grade teacher having taught certain things.A. countB. insistC. fallD. dwell15. When the fire broke out in the building, the people lost their __________ and ran into the elevator.A. heartsB. tempersC. headsD. senses16. Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply ___________ every cheat in the marketplace.A. at the mercy ofB. in lieu ofC. by courtesy ofD. for the price of17. In fact the purchasing power of a single person’s pension inHong Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the _________ Singapore pension.A. equivalentB. similarC. consistentD. identical18. He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk ____________.A. honestlyB. graciouslyC. coherentlyD. flexibly19. The novel, which is a work of art, exists not by its _____________ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.A. significance inB. imagination atC. resemblance toD. predominance over20. She was artful and could always ____________ her parents in the end.A. shout downB. get roundC. comply withD. pass overPART II CLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the four choices given in the opposite column. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.We are entering a period in which rapid population growth, the presence of deadly weapons, and dwindling resources will bring international tensions to dangerous levels for an extended period. Indeed, 21 seems no reason for these levels of danger to subside unless population equilibrium is 22 and some roughmeasure of fairness reached in the distribution of wealth among nations. 23 of adequate magnitude imply a willingness to redistribute income internationally on a more generous 24 than the advanced nations have evidenced within their own domains. The required increases in 25 in the backward regions would necessitate gigantic applications of energy merely to extract the 26 resources.It is uncertain whether the requisite energy-producing technology exists, and more serious, 27 that its application would bring us to the threshold of an irreversible change in climate 28 a consequence of the enormous addition of manmade heat to the atmosphere. It is this 29 problem that poses the most demanding and difficult of the challenges. The existing 30 of industrial growth, with no allowance for increased industrialization to repair global poverty, hold 31 the risk of entering the danger zone of climatic change in as 32 as three or four generations. If the trajectory is in fact pursued, industrial growth will 33 have to come to an immediate halt, for another generation or two along that 34 would literally consume human, perhaps all life. The terrifying outcome can be postponed only to the extent that the wastage of heat can be reduced, 35 that technologies that do not add to the atmospheric heat burden—for example, the use of solar energy —can be utilized. (1996)21. A. one B. it C. this D. there22. A. achieved B. succeeded C. produced D. executed23. A. Transfers B. Transactions C. Transports D. Transcripts24. A. extent B. scale C. measure D. range25. A. outgrowth B. outcrop C. output D. outcome26. A. needed B. needy C. needless D. needing27. A. possible B. possibly C. probable D. probably28. A. in B. with C. as D. to29. A. least B. late C. latest D. last30. A. race B. pace C. face D. lace31. A. on B. up C. down D. out32. A. less B. fewer C. many D. little33. A. rather B. hardly C. then D. yet34. A. line B. move C. drive D. track35. A. if B. or C. while D. asPART III READING COMPREHENSIONSection A (60 minutes, 30 points)Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage 1The writing of a historical synthesis involves integrating the materials available to the historian into a comprehensible whole. The problem in writing a historical synthesis is how to find a pattern in, or impose a pattern upon, the detailed information that has already been used to explain the causes for a historical event.A synthesis seeks common elements in which to interpret the contingent parts of a historical event. The initial step, therefore,in writing a historical synthesis, is to put the event to be synthesized in a proper historical perspective, so that the common elements or strands making up the event can be determined. This can be accomplished by analyzing the historical event as part of a general trend or continuum in history. The common elements that are familiar to the event will become the ideological framework in which the historian seeks to synthesize. This is not to say that any factor will not have a greater relative value in the historian’s handling of the interrelated when viewed in a broad historical perspective.The historian, in synthesizing, must determine the extent to which the existing hypotheses have similar trends. A general trend line, once established, will enable these similar trends to be correlated and paralleled within the conceptual framework of a common base. A synthesis further seeks to determine, from existing hypotheses, why an outcome took the direction it did; thus, it necessitates reconstructing the spirit of the times in order to assimilate the political, social, psychological, etc., factors within a common base.As such, the synthesis becomes the logical construct in interpreting the common ground between an original explanation of an outcome (thesis) and the reinterpretation of the outcome along different lines (antithesis). Therefore, the synthesis necessitates the integration of the materials available into a comprehensible whole which will in turn provide a new historical perspective for the event being synthesized.36. The author would mostly be concerned with _____________.A. finding the most important cause for a particular historical eventB. determining when hypotheses need to be reinterpretedC. imposing a pattern upon varying interpretations for the causes of a particular historical eventD. attributing many conditions that together lead to a particular historical event or to single motive37. The most important preliminary step in writing a historical synthesis would be ____________.A. to accumulate sufficient reference material to explain an eventB. analyzing the historical event to determine if a “single theme theory” apples to the eventC. determining the common strands that make up a historical eventD. interpreting historical factors to determine if one factor will have relatively greater value38. The best definition for the term “historical synthesis”would be ______________.A. combining elements of different material into a unified wholeB. a tentative theory set forth as an explanation for an eventC. the direct opposite of the original interpretation of an eventD. interpreting historical material to prove that history repeats itself39. A historian seeks to reconstruct the “spirit” of a time period because ____________.A. the events in history are more important than the people who make historyB. existing hypotheses are adequate in explaining historical eventsC. this is the best method to determine the single mostimportant cause for a particular actionD. varying factors can be assimilated within a common base40. Which of the following statements would the author consider false?A. One factor in a historical synthesis will not have a greater value than other factors.B. It is possible to analyze common unifying points in hypotheses.C. Historical events should be studied as part of a continuum in history.D. A synthesis seeks to determine why an outcome took the direction it did.Passage 2When you call the police, the police dispatcher has to locate the car nearest you that is free to respond. This means the dispatcher has to keep track of the status and location of every police car—not an easy task for a large department.Another problem, which arises when cars are assigned to regular patrols, is that the patrols may be too regular. If criminals find out that police cars will pass a particular location at regular intervals, they simply plan their crimes for times when no patrol is expected. Therefore, patrol cars should pass by any particular location at random times; the fact that a car just passed should be no guarantee that another one is not just around the corner. Yet simply ordering the officers to patrol at random would lead to chaos.A computer dispatching system can solve both these problems. The computer has no trouble keeping track of the status and location of each car. With this information, it can determineinstantly which car should respond to an incoming call. And with the aid of a pseudorandom number generator, the computer can assign routine patrols so that criminals can’t predict just when a police car will pass through a particular area.(Before computers, police sometimes used roulette wheels and similar devices to make random assignments.)Computers also can relieve police officers from constantly having to report their status. The police car would contain a special automatic radio transmitter and receiver. The officer would set a dial on this unit indicating the current status of the car—patrolling, directing traffic, chasing a speeder, answering a call, out to lunch, and so on. When necessary, the computer at headquarters could poll the car for its status. The voice radio channels would not be clogged with cars constantly reporting what they were doing. A computer in the car automatically could determine the location of the car, perhaps using the LORAN method. The location of the car also would be sent automatically to the headquarters computer.41. The best title for this passage should be ___________.A. Computers and CrimesB. Patrol Car DispatchingC. The Powerful ComputersD. The Police with Modern Equipment42. A police dispatcher is NOT supposed to _____________.A. locate every patrol carB. guarantee cars on regular patrolsC. keep in touch with each police carD. find out which car should respond to the incoming call43. If the patrols are too regular, _____________.A. the dispatchers will be bored with itB. the officers may become carelessC. the criminals may take advantage of itD. the streets will be in a state of chaos44. The computer dispatching system is particularly good at______________.A. assigning cars to regular patrolsB. responding to the incoming callsC. ordering officers to report their locationD. making routine patrols unpredictable45. According to the account in the last paragraph, how can a patrol car be located without computers?A. Police officers report their status constantly.B. The headquarters poll the car for its status.C. A radio transmitter and receiver is installed in a car.D. A dial in the car indicates its current status.Passage 3A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child byfrightening him or arousing his sadistic impulse. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seem to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl-friend.No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was.46. According to the author, the best way to retell a story to a child is to ______________.A. tell it in a creative wayB. take from it what the child likesC. add to it whatever at handD. read it out of the story book.47. In the second paragraph, which statement best expresses the author’s attitude towards fairy stories?A. He sees in them the worst of human nature.B. He dislikes everything about them.C. He regards them as more of a benefit than harms.D. He is expectant of the experimental results.48. According to the author, fairy stories are most likely to____________.A. make children aggressive the whole lifeB. incite destructiveness in childrenC. function as a safety valve for childrenD. add children’s enjoyment of cruelty to others49. If the child has heard some horror story for more than once, according to the author, he would probably be______________.A. scared to deathB. taking it and even enjoying itC. suffering more the pain of fearD. dangerously terrified50. The author’s mention of broomsticks and telephones is meant to emphasize that ___________.A. old fairy stories keep updating themselves to cater for modern needsB. fairy stories have claimed many lives of victimsC. fairy stories have thrown our world into chaosD. fairy stories are after all fairy storiesPassage 4There has been a lot of hand-wringing over the death of Elizabeth Steinberg. Without blaming anyone in particular, neighbors, friends, social workers, the police and newspaper editors have struggled to define the community’s responsibility to Elizabeth and to other battered children. As the collective soul-searching continues, there is a pervading sense that the system failed her.The fact is, in New York State the system couldn’t have saved her. It is almost impossible to protect a child from violent parents, especially if they are white, middle-class, well-educated and represented by counsel.Why does the state permit violence against children? There are a number of reasons. First, parental privilege is a rationalization. In the past, the law was giving its approval to the biblical injunction against sparing the rod.Second, while everyone agrees that the state must act to remove children from their homes when there is danger of serious physical or emotional harm, many child advocates believe that state intervention in the absence of serious injury is more harmful than helpful.Third, courts and legislatures tread carefully when their actions intrude or threaten to intrude on a relationship protected by the Constitution. In 1923, the Supreme Court recognized the “liberty of parent and guardian to direct the upbringing and education of children under their control.” More recently, in 1977, it upheld the teacher’s privilege to use corporal punishment against schoolchildren. Read together, thesedecisions give the constitutional imprimatur to parental use of physical force.Under the best conditions, small children depend utterly on their parents for survival. Under the worst, their dependency dooms them. While it is questionable whether anyone or anything could have saved Elizabeth Steinberg, it is plain that the law provided no protection.To the contrary, by justifying the use of physical force against children as an acceptable method of education and control, the law lent a measure of plausibility and legitimacy to her parents’conduct.More than 80 years ago, in the teeth of parental resistance and Supreme Court doctrine, the New York State Legislature acted to eliminate child labor law. Now, the state must act to eliminate child abuse by banning corporal punishment. To break the cycle of violence, nothing less will answer. If there is a lesson to be drawn from the death of Elizabeth Steinberg, it is this: spare the rod and spare the child.51. The New York State law seems to provide least protection ofa child from violent parents of ____________.A. a family on welfareB. a poor uneducated familyC. an educated black familyD. a middle-class white family52. “Sparing the rod” (in boldface) means ____________.A. spoiling childrenB. punishing childrenC. not caring about childrenD. not beating children53. Corporal punishment against schoolchildren is _____________.A. taken as illegal in the New York StateB. considered being in the teacher’s provinceC. officially approved by lawD. disapproved by school teachers54. From the article we can infer that Elizabeth Steinberg is probably the victim of ____________.A. teachers’ corporal punishmentB. misjudgment of the courtC. parents’ ill-treatmentD. street violence55. The writer of this article thinks that banning corporal punishment will in the long run _____________.A. prevent violence of adultsB. save more childrenC. protect children from ill-treatmentD. better the systemPassage 5With its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject-matter and widely-varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable, offshoot of the traditional novel. The detective story is probably the most respectable (at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species. Itscreation is often the relaxation of university scholars, literary economists, scientists or even poets. Disastrous deaths may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen, the village, seaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends. The characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate acquaintances. A story set in a more remote African jungle or Australian bush, ancient China or gas-lit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history, and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably true background. The elaborate, carefully-assembled plot, despised by the modern intellectual critics and creators of “significant” novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery, with its sprinkling of clues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from real life nagging gently, we secretly take delight in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human detective, who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent.Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts, the thriller presents a less comfortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duels, car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who, suffering from at least two broken ribs, one black eye, uncountable bruises and a hangover, can still chase and overpower an armed villain with the physique of a wrestler, He moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs, brutality, a vicious lust for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller thesecurity of being safely led by our imperturbable investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when an unchallengeable elucidation of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail. All that we vainly hope for from life is granted vicariously.56. The crime novel is regarded by the author as_________________.A. a not respectable form of the traditional novelB. not a true novel at allC. related in some ways to the historical novelD. a distinct branch of the traditional novel57. The creation of detective stories has its origin in_______________.A. seeking rest from work or worriesB. solving mysterious deaths in this societyC. restoring expectations in polite societyD. preventing crimes58. The characters of the detective stories are, generally speaking, _____________.A. more profound than those of the traditional novelsB. as real as life itselfC. not like human beings at allD. not very profound but not unlikely59. The setting of the detective stories is sometimes in a more remote place because ___________.A. it is more realB. our friends are familiar with itC. it pleases the readers in a wayD. it needs the readers’ support60. The writer of this passage thinks _____________.A. what people hope for from life can finally be granted if they have confidenceB. people like to feel that justice and goodness will always triumphC. they know in the real world good does not prevail over evilD. their hopes in life can only be fulfilled through fiction reading Passage 6Whenever we are involved in a creative type of activity that is self-rewarding, a feeling overcomes us—a feeling that we can call “flow.” When we are flowing we lose all sense of time and awareness of what is happening around us; instead, we feel that everything is going just right.A rock dancer describes his feeling of flow like this: “If I have enough space, I feel I can radiate an energy into the atmosphere.I can dance for walls, I dance for floors. I become one with the atmosphere.” “You are in an ecstatic state to such a point that you don’t exist,” says a composer, describing how he feels when he “flows.” Players of any sport throughout the world are familiar with the feeling of flow; they enjoy their activity very much, even though they can expect little extrinsic reward. The same holds true for surgeons, cave explorers, and mountain climbers.Flow provides a sort of physical sensation along with an altered state of being. One man put it this way: “Your body feels good and awake all over. Your energy is flowing.” People who flowfeel part of this energy; that is, they are so involved in what they are doing that they do not think of themselves as being separate from their activity. They are flowing along with their enjoyment. Moreover, they concentrate intensely on their activity. They do not try to concentrate harder, however; the concentration comes automatically. A chess player compares this concentration to breathing. As they concentrate, these people feel immersed in the action, lost in the action. Their sense of time is altered and they skip meals and sleep without noticing their loss. Sizes and spaces also seem altered: successful baseball players see and hit the ball so much better because it seems larger to them. They can even distinguish the seams on a ball approaching them at 165 kilometers per hour.It seems then that flow is a “floating action” in which the individual is aware of his actions but not aware of his awareness.A good reader is so absorbed in his book that he knows he is turning the pages to go on reading, but he does not notice he is turning these pages. The moment people think about it, flow is destroyed, so they never ask themselves questions such as “Am I doing well?” or “Did everyone see my jump?”Finally, to flow successfully depends a great deal on the activity itself; not too difficult to produce anxiety, not too easy to bring about boredom; challenging, interesting, fun. Some good examples of flow activities are games and sports, reading, learning, working on what you enjoy, and even day-dreaming.61. What is the main purpose of the article?A. to illustrate the feeling of “flow”B. to analyze the causes of a special feelingC. to define the new psychological term “flow”D. to lead people to acquire the feeling of “flow”。

中科院博士学位英语大纲词组

中科院博士学位英语大纲词组

Aabandon oneself to 放纵自己,使自己沉溺于with abandon 放任,无拘无束keep abreast of 与……齐头并列absent from 缺席in the abstract 理论上的,抽象意义的in abundance 多,富足have access to 可以得到/接近of one's accord 自动的,自愿的in accord with 相符合,相一致with one accord 一致地of on account 不重要的(to)on account of 由于,因为on no account 决不take account of 考虑take...into account 把……考虑进去be (get) accustomed to 习惯于act on 起作用act up 捣蛋in the act of 正在……时out of action 不再活动,不再运转take action 采取行动(to),提起诉讼(against),开始起作用adapt to 适应于,使适应于add up 把…加起来,言之有理,有意义,合理,符合预期值add up to 总计,合计be addicted to 上瘾,沉迷于in addition 另外in addition to 除……之外adjust to 适应于in advance 预先,提前have the advantage over 胜过,优于take advantage of 利用to advantage 有利于again and again 再三地in the aggregate 总共,作为总体agree on 取得一致agree to 同意,接受agree with 赞同clear the air 消除误会in the air 在空中,悬而未决up in the air 尚未决定off the air 停止播放on the air 在播放on the alert 保持警觉above all 尤其是,最重要的是after all 毕竟,终究all but 几乎all in all 总的来说all over 遍及,到处at all 完全,根本not at all 一点也不for all 尽管in alliance with 与……联盟allow for 考虑到make allowance(s) for 考虑到,顾及;体谅,体贴leave alone 听其自然,不要去管let alone 更不用说all along 始终along with 与一起by analogy 用类推的方法in the final/last analysis 归根结底one after another 一个接一个one another 相互anything but 根本不,除……以外任何事情anything like 多少有点像for anything 无论如何apart from 除去appeal to 请求,吸引to all appearances 就外表来看apply to 申请,要求,实用于on approval 供试商品,包退包换的approval of 赞成arm in arm 手挽手as … as 象……一样as for /to 至于,关于as if/though 好象,仿佛as it is 实际上as it were 可以说,某中程度上not as/so…as 和……不一样aside from 除……之外ask after 探问,问起……健康情况assert oneself 坚持自己的权利,显示自己的权威attach to 属于,与……有关pay attention to 注意avail oneself of 利用of no avail 没用on the/an average 通常,平均上be aware of 意识到be/stand in awe of 对某人充满敬畏之情Bback and forth 来来回回back down/off 放弃,让步in back of 在……后面,在……背后back out 退出,食言back up 支持,倒车behind one’s back 暗中,背着某人turn one’s back on 轻视,不理采know… backward(s) 对……极其熟悉go from bad to worse 每况愈下badly off 贫困的,缺少in the balance 平衡off balance 失去平衡behind bars 在狱中bargain for/on 讨价还价drive a hard bargain 杀价,迫使对方接受苛刻条件barge in 闯入,干预on the basis of 以……为基础keep/hold sth.at bay 阻止,隔离bear down 压倒,击败bear on/upon 对……有影响,和……有关bear out 证实bear up 支持,气馁bear with 忍受,容忍have a bearing on 对……有影响beat down 太阳照射强烈,雨大,打倒beat it 跑掉,走开beat up 痛打,狠揍become of 发生于,使遭遇beg off 恳求免除义务begin with 以……开始to begin with 首先,第一on/in behalf of 代表bring into being 使出现,使存在come into being 出现,形成beyond belief 难以置信believe to 信任,信赖,相信……的效用belong to 属于,是……的成员bend over backwards 竭尽全力benefit from 获益for the benefit of 为了beside oneself 极度兴奋,对感情失去控制at best 最多at one’s best 处于最佳状态do/try one’s best 尽力,努力get/have one’s best of 利用had best/better 最好make the best of 充分利用better off 情况更好,生活更优裕for the better 好转get/have the better of 战胜,在……中占上风in between 在中间fit the bill 符合要求,符合需要a bird in (the) hand 已成定局kill two birds with one stone 一举两得by birth 血统上,天生give birth to 生(孩子),产生bit by bit 渐渐地do one’s bit 做分内的事情,尽自己的力量every bit 完全,从头到尾black and blue 遍体鳞伤in the black and white 白纸黑字be to blame 该受指责,该承担责任at full blast 大力地,最有效地blaze a trail 开拓道路,作先导turn a blind eye(to) 漠不关心,视而不见on the blink 运转不灵,出故障black off 封锁,封闭block up 堵住,阻塞in the cold blood 蓄意残忍地in (full) blossom 正开着花blot out 遮蔽,使模糊blow out 吹灭,中止blow up 爆炸,炸飞;充气,打气;发怒come to blows 互相打斗(吵嘴)out of the blue 出乎意料,突然call o ne’s bluff 要求某人摊派,向某人挑战across the board 全面的,包括一切的above board 光明正大的board up 用木版封闭或遮盖on board 在(船、车或飞机上)boast about 夸口boast of 吹嘘in the same boat 处境相同boil down (to) 意味着,归结为boil over 激动,发怒a bolt from/out of the blue 意外事件,晴天霹雳have a bone to pick with 有理由来抱怨和争论make no bones about 直言不讳book in = check inby the book 按规则,依照惯例both … and 不仅……而且be bound to 注定be bound up in 热衷于,忙于be bound up with 与……有密切联系know no bounds 无限bow out 鞠躬,低头,退出,辞职pick sb.’s brains 向……请教rack one’s brains 绞尽脑汁branch out 扩充,扩大break away from 脱离,逃跑break down 损坏,崩溃break in 非法闯入,打断,插嘴break into 强行进入break off 中断,突然停止break out 爆发,突然出现break through 突围,冲破break up 中止打碎catch one’s breath 屏息,歇口气hold one’s breath 屏息而待out of breath 喘不过气来take sb.’s breath away 使惊羡不已under on e’s breath 压着嗓子,低声地brim over (with) 充满,拿来bring out 导致,引起bring around/round 使恢复,说服,使信服bring back 唤起,重新实行bring down 打倒,挫伤,降低bring forth 产生,提出bring forward 提出,建议bring in 产生,引进bring off 使实现,做成bring on 引起,助长,促进bring out 使出现,使显明bring through 使脱险,使安全度过bring to 使恢复知觉bring up 教育,培养bristle with 充满,布满brush aside 不理,不顾brush off 不愿听见,打发掉brush up 重温,再练buck up 使振奋,使打起精神buckle down 倾全力build in 使成为固定物build into 固定于build on/upon 建立,以……为基础build up 逐步建立,增进,增强in bulk 大批,大量bump into 碰见,偶然遇见bundle up 打捆,捆扎,暖和do a bunk 匆忙逃走burn down 烧毁burn out 熄灭,烧光burn up 烧掉烧毁burst in on 打断,打搅burst into 突然发作burst out 突然……起来beat around/about the bush 转弯摸角,旁敲侧击get down to business 着手办正事out of business 歇业have no business 无权,没有理由in business 经商,经营mind your business 少管闲事on business 因公,出差mean business 是认真的but for 要不是cannot but 不得不,不禁要butt in 插手,干涉on the button 准确地,准时地buy off 行贿,收买buy out 买下……的全部股份,出钱摆脱by and by 不久,迟早by and large 大体上,总的来说by the by 顺便提一句Ccall back 回电话call for 叫某人来,要求,需要call forth 使产生,引起,使起作用call in 叫……近来,召来call off 取消call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up 打电话,召集,使人想起calm down 平静下来,镇定下来capable of 有……能力;能……的,有……可能的care about 对……赶兴趣,关心,注意;为……担忧care for 照顾,照料;喜欢take care 当心,小心take care of 爱护,照料;承担,处理,负责carry forward 推进carry off 夺走carry on 继续,进行;从事,经营carry out 执行,实行;完成,实现carry over 继续下去,将……延后carry through 实现,完成,坚持下去;使渡过困难(或麻烦)carve out 创业,发财carve up 分割,瓜分a case in point 有关的事例,例证in any case 无论如何,总之in case 假使,以防(万一)in case of 假如,如果发生in no case 决不cash down 现金支付cash in on 靠……赚钱,乘机利用cast about/around for 到处寻找,试图找到cast aside 把……丢一边,去掉cast doubt on 使对……产生怀疑cast off 抛弃,丢弃cast out 赶出,驱逐catch at 试图抓住,拼命抓catch on 流行起来,懂得,理解catch out 发觉……错误(或做坏事)catch up with 赶上for certain 肯定地,确切地make certain 确定by chance 偶然,碰巧by any chance 万一,也许chance on/upon 偶然找到,偶然stand a chance of 有……希望,有……的可能take a chance 冒险,投机change for the better/worse 变好(坏)in character (与自身特性)相符out of character (与自身特性)不相符charge with 控告in charge of 管理,负责take charge 开始管理,接管check in 登记,报到check out 结帐离去;检验,检查check up(on) 核查,核实in check 受抑制的,受控制的cheer on 为……鼓气,向……喝彩cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来chock back 忍住,抑制choke up (因激动等)说不出话来in chorus 一齐,一致,共同in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下,(情况)既然如此in/under no circumstance 无论如何不,决不lay claim to 声称对……有利clamp down 对……进行压制(或取缔)clean out 把……打扫干净clean up 把……收拾干净;清除罪犯;解释,澄清clear away 把……清除掉,收拾clear off 离开,溜掉clear out 清楚,把……腾空;走开,赶出clear up 清理;澄清,解决;放晴around(round) the clock 日夜不停地close by 在近旁,在旁边close down 关闭,歇业close in(on) 包围,围住close up 堵住,关闭come/draw to a close 渐进结束catch (a) cold 感冒come about 发生,产生come across 偶然遇见,碰上come along 出现,发生;进步,进展come apart 破碎,崩溃come around/round 苏醒,复原;顺便来访come at 攻击,冲向;达到,了解come back 回来;记起;恢复原状,重新流行come between 分开,离间;妨碍某人做某事come by 得到,获得;访问,看望come down (物价)下跌;落魄,潦倒come down to 可归结为come in for 受到,遭到come off 脱落,分开;结果,表现come on 表示鼓励、催促等;进步,进展;开始,发生come out 出现,显露;出版,发表;结果是come through 经历……活着,安然度过come to 苏醒;总是为,结果是come to a point 谈到要点,直截了当地说come true 实现come up 出现,发生come up against 突然(或意外),碰到(困难、反对等)come up to 达到,符合come up with 提出,提供in common 共用的,共有的keep…company 与……交往,与……结伴part … company (with) 与……分离,决裂beyond/without compare 无与伦比compare … to 把……比做compare … with 与……相比by/in comparison 相比之下in comparison with 与……比较起来compete with/against 与……竞争complain of/about 抱怨be composed of 由……组成as/so far as … be concerned 就……而言be concerned with 关于,与……有关concern about 关心in conclusion 最后,总之jump to a conclusion 过早下结论on condition that 在……条件下out of condition 健康不佳in confidence 私下地,秘密地take into one’s confidence 把……作为知己in conflict (with) 与……抵触in conjunction with 与……共同,连同in connection with 关于in (all/good) conscience 凭良心on one’s conscience 问心无愧by common consent 经一致同意in consequence 因此,结果in consequence of 由于,因为……缘故in consideration of 考虑到,由于;作为对……的报酬take into consideration 考虑到,顾及consist in 在于consist of 由……构成consult(with) …about … 商议,交换意见come(get) into contact (with) 接触到in contact with 与……有联系out of contact with 与……失去联系lose contact with 失去联系contrary to 与……相反on the contrary 相反to the contrary 相反的(地)by/in contrast 对比之下in contrast to/with 与……对比起来,与……形成对比contribute to 捐助;为……写稿in control of 掌握着,控制着out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住cool down/off 冷却,(使)冷静下来cook up 捏造,编造cope with 应付to the core 透顶的,十足的around/round the corner 附近;即将来临cut corners 走捷径,省钱(或人力,时间等)turn the corner 出现转机at all costs 不惜任何代价,无论如何at any cost 不惜任何代价,无论如何at the cost of 以……为代价keep one’s own counsel 将意见(或计划)保密count against (被)认为对……不利count down (发射火箭等时)到记数count in 把……算入count on/upon 依靠,指望count out 逐一数出;不把……算入count up 把……相加in the course of 在……期间,在……过程中in due course 到时候,在今后适当时候of course 当然(by) courtesy of 蒙……的好意,蒙……提供cover of 代替;为……掩护cover up 掩盖,掩饰cover … with 遮盖,覆盖take cover 隐蔽under cover 秘密地,暗地里crack down 镇压crack up 撞坏crawl with 爬满,缓慢地行进like crazy 发疯似的,拼命地credit card 信用卡to sb’s credit 在(某人)名下,(某人)值得赞扬critical of 吹毛求疵的,爱挑剔的,对……表示不满的cross off/out 划掉,取消a far cry from 与……相差很远cry out for 迫切需要on cue 恰好在这时候take one’s cue from 学……的样,听……的劝告off the cuff 未经准备的,即席curl up 卷起,撅起(嘴);使卷曲cut across 抄近路,走捷径cut back 削减,缩减cut down 削减,减少cut in 插嘴,打断;(汽车)上当cut off 切断,使隔绝;剪去,删去;打断,停止cut out 删除Din danger of 有……的危险out of danger 脱离危险in the dark (对某事)毫不知情dash off 匆匆地写或画;迅速离去date back to 自……时代存在至今out of date 过时的to date 到目前为止up to date 新式的,切合目前情况的dawn (up) on 被理解,变得为人所明白call it to day 结束,到此为止day and night 日日夜夜day by day 一天天,逐日day in ,day out 日复一日,不间断one day (过去)某一天,(将来)有一天to a/the day 恰好,一天不差a good/great deal 大量deal in 经营,买卖;对待deal with 与……相处;对待put to death 杀死,处死to death 极度;以致死亡in debt 欠债in sb.’s debt 受某人恩惠decide on/upon 决定,选定dedicate .. to 把(自己,一生等)献给,把(时间,精力等)用于deep down 实际上,在心底in default of 因为没有……,因缺乏……in defiance of 无视,不顾by degrees 逐渐地,渐渐地in/to some degree 某中程度上,(多少)有一点to a certain degree 在一定程度上,有几分take (a) delight in 以……为乐in demand 所需要on demand 一经要求,承索depend on 视……而定,决定于deprive … of 剥夺in depth 深入地out of one’s depth 非……所能理解derive from 得自,由来,衍生go into detail(s) 详细说明in detail 详细地be determined to 决心做某事devote to 把……献给die away (风、声音)渐息,渐弱die down 渐渐消失,平息die of 因某病死去die off 相继死去die out 消失,灭绝on a diet 吃规定的饮食make a/the difference 对……有影响或作用make no difference 对……无作用影响in difficulty 处于……困难中dig into 钻研,掘进去dig up 崛起,挖出,发现a dime a dozen 多的很,不稀罕dine out 外出吃饭dip into 浏览,稍加研究disagree with … on/about 与……在某方面意见不同in disgrace 失宠的in disguise 伪装,化装dish out 端上(菜),盛于盘中dispense with 免除,省却,无需at sb’s disposal 任某人处置in dispute 在争论中,未决的in the distance 在远处at a distance 有相当距离keep a distance 与保持一定距离distinguish … from 区别,识别divide among 在……间分配,分开divide into 除,除尽,把……做除数do away with 废除,去掉do for 对……有效,代替,干掉do up 扎,缚,捆do with 想要,需要do without 没有……也行have sht. to do with 和……有(点)关系next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外,在露天double up 弯腰,把……折起来beyond (a) doubt 无疑地in doubt 拿不准,不能确定no doubt 无疑,必定down with 打倒,把……拿下doze off 打瞌睡drag on/out 拖延draw in (火车,汽车)到站draw on 动用,利用;吸,抽烟draw up 写出,画出;草拟;停住dream up 空想出,构思,创造,设计(发明无等)dress up 穿上盛装,打扮得漂亮drink in 吸收drive at 意志,用意所在drop by/in 顺便来访drop off 减弱,减少drop out 退出drum up 招徕,鼓吹dry out 使干透dry up 使枯竭,停止提供due to 因为,由于in due course 及时地,在适当时in duplicate 一式两份地off duty 下班on duty 值班,上班dwell on/upon 凝思,详述Eeach other 互相early on 在早期in earnest 认真地,诚挚地on earth 究竟,到底at ease 安逸,自由自在ease off/up 放松,缓和,减轻take it easy 从容,不紧张,松懈,轻松eat up 吃光,耗尽at a low ebb 处于低潮ebb and flow 涨落,盛衰,消长on edge 紧张,急切bring/carry/put into effect 使生效,使起作用come/go into effect 生效,实施in effect 有效,实际上to the effect that 大意是,意思是make an effort 努力either … to … 或……或,不是……就是,不论……还是or else 否则,要不然in embryo 在酝酿(考虑,计划)中end in 以……为结果end up 结束,告终no end 非常,无限on end 竖着;连续地end with 以……结束put an end to 使终止,毁掉engage in 使从事于,参加enjoy oneself 过得快乐enter into 进入,参加,成为……一部分enter on/upon 开始,着手equal to 等于,胜任be equipped with 用……装备err on the side of 为求……而故作不合算的行动in essence 大体上,实质上of the essence 绝对需要的,极重要的break even 打成平手,得失相当even as 正巧在……的时候,正如even if/though 即使,虽然get even (with) 报复at all events 无论如何in any event 无论如何in the event 结果,如果in the event that 如果,在……情况下in the event of 万一,如果发生every now and then 常常,不时地every other 每隔in evidence 作为证据for example 例如make an example of 惩罚,罚一儆百except for/that 除……之外take exception to 反对with the exception of 除……之外without exception 毫无例外地,一律in excess of 超过to excess 过度in exchange for 交换,以此易彼exert oneself 努力,尽力make an exhibition of oneself 当众出丑in existence 存在,现有at the expense of 归……付费,在损害……的情况下make an experiment on/in/with 做……实验,对……做实验explain away 把……解释过去to a certain extent 在一定程度上to some extent 某种程度上go to extreme (说话或行动)走极端in the extreme 极端,非常catch sb’s eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意,照看see eye to eye (与某人)看法完全一致Fface to face 面对面地face to up 大胆面对in the face of 面对,在……面前;不顾,即使to one’s face 当着某人的面子,直率地lose one’s face 失面子,丢脸make face 做鬼脸save one’s face 挽救某人的面子as a matter of fact 事实上,其实in fact 其实,实际上without fail 必定,无疑,确然in good faith 处于善意lose faith to 不再信任fall back 后退,退却fall back on 求助于,转而依靠fall behind 落后fall for 爱上,倾心fall in with 同意,与……一致;碰见fall on/upon 袭击,攻击fall out 争吵,结果是fall through 落空,失败fall to 开始,开始吃be familiar with/to 熟悉famous for 以……闻名take a fancy to 喜欢as far as 远至,到……程度by far ……得多,最far and wide 到处,广泛地far from 远非,远离in so far as 到……的程度,在……范围内so far 迄今为止hold fast to 抓紧at fault 感到困惑,有故障find fault with 埋怨,挑剔in favor of 有利于,便于,赞成,支持do a favor/kindness to 帮忙做……,帮(某人)忙be favorable to 赞成far fear of/that 为了避免,害怕in fear of 怕be fed up about 极其厌倦(或不满的)be fed up with 感到厌烦feel like 欲,想要on the fence 保持中立态度,两面派few and for between 稀少quite a few 相当多的,还不少fit a fiddle 非常健康play second fiddle to 担任第二小提琴受,而把手figure out 算出,估计,推测on file 存档,记录下来备查fill in 填充,填写fill out 填充,填写fill up 填补,装满find out 查明keep one’s fingers crossed 祈祷,祷告catch (on) fire 着火make a fire 生火on fire 烧火play with fire 玩火set fire to 点燃under fire 受攻击first of all 首先,第一fish for 摸索,寻找fit in 相合,相处融洽be fit for 适合于fix on 确定,决定fix up 安排;修补,修理flake out 睡着,打瞌睡flatter oneself 自以为in the flesh 以肉体形式,活着的,本人,flick through 浏览as follows 如下follow through 完成球棒/拍击球后的弧形动作,坚持到底follow up 穷追,把……探究到底fool about/around 闲荡,干蠢事make a fool of 玩弄,愚弄in force 有效,实施中come/go into force 生效,实施to the fore 在近处,在手头,在前面,在显著的地位first and foremost 首先,首要地and so forth 等等for free 免费set free 释放free from 使自由,免除free of 免去……的be friends with 对……友好,与……交上朋友make friends with 交朋友,友好相处in front of 在……前面in full 充足;以全文,用完整的词for/in fun 开玩笑地make fun of 取消,嘲弄make a fuss of/over 娇养(某人),过分关怀(某人)in (the) future 今后,从现在开始Ggain on 逼近,超过,侵蚀gamble away 赌光take a gamble 冒险从事(某事)give the game away 泄露秘密(计划),露出马脚gear up 使唤快当,促进,增加in general 通常,大体上get about 走动,旅行,参加社会活动get across 解释清楚,使人了解get ahead (使)走在前面,进步,获得成功get along (with) 进展;相处融洽;生活,过活get around/round 走动,旅行;(消息)传开get at 得到,接近;意思是get away 逃脱,离开get back 回来,恢复,找回(失物)get by 通过,勉强过活get down 从……下来;写下get in 进入,收获,收集get into 进入,陷进get off 从……下来,离开,动身,开始get out 出去,离开,逃脱,泄露,摆脱get over 克服,(从病中)恢复过来get through 结束,完成;接通电话13get together 集合,聚集get up 起床;增加,增强ginger up 使更有生气,使更为奋发give away 泄露,分送give oneself away 泄露,露马脚give back 送还,恢复give birth to 生产(婴儿);产生,造成give in 交上;投降,屈服give off 放出,释放give out 分发,放出give over to 交付给某人give up 放弃,停止give oneself up 自首,投降,投案at a glance 一眼(便)at first glance 乍看上去glued to 紧附,似用胶固定go about 着手做,从事,走动,传开go after 追求go against 反对,违反,不利于go along 前进,进行,赞同,支持go along with 一起去,赞同,附和go around/round 足够分配go at 扑向,着手干,尽全力于go back on/upon/from 违背go by 过去go down 下降,降低;被载入,传下去go for 竭力想取得;喜爱,支持,拥护go in for 从事,致力于,追求,沉迷于go into 进入,研究调查go off 爆炸,发射;动身,离开go out 外出,熄灭go over 检查,审查go through 经历,经受;详细检查go under 下沉,沉没;失败,破产go up 上升,增加;建起go with 伴随,与……协调go without 没有……也行on the go 在进行活动,忙碌to go 剩下的,有待于完成be going to 要,会,将要as good as 和……几乎一样,实际上等于do sb good 对某人有益do good/harm to 有益/害于for good 永久地good at 擅长……good for 有效,使用,胜任in good time 及时地,迅速地make good 成功,实现with good grace 欣然地make the grade 成功,爬上陡坡take for granted 想当然,认为理所当然come to grief 遭难,受伤,失败grin and bear it 逆来顺受grind out 机械地做出,用功做出come/get to grips(认真)对付(或处理)gain ground 发展,普及get off the ground 开始,取得进展on (the) grounds of 根据,以……为理由grow on 引起……爱好,越来越被喜爱grow out of 长得太高大与……不相符;由……而来grow up 长大,成人,崛起off (one’s) guard 不警惕on (one’s) guard 警惕,防范guard against 提放,预防hate sb’s guts 狠之入骨Hin the habit of 有……的习惯,常常hack into 作为黑客进入hack through 披荆斩棘前进hail from 来自get in sb’s hair 激怒某人make sb’s hair stand on end 使人毛骨悚然in half 成两半go halves 平分hammer away 苦心研究hammer out 锤成,苦心想出,推敲出at hand 在手边,在附近,即将到来by hand 用手change hand 转手hand down 流产下来,传给,往下传hand in 交上,递交hand in hand 手拉手,携手hand on 传下来,依次传递hand out 分发,散发,发给hand over 交出,移交,让与have one’s hands full 忙的不可开交in hand 在控制中,在进行中in sb’s hands 在……掌握中join hands 携手,同……联合,合伙lend sb a hand 帮助on hand 在手边,临近on(the) one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面out of hand 无法控制,脱手take/have a hand to 参与,介入,起一份作用wash one’s hands of 洗手不干hang about/around 闲荡,徘徊,逗留hang on 抓住不放,继续下去,等一下hang on to 紧握住,坚持下去hang out 挂出hang together 结合在一起hang up 挂断(电话)hardly any 几乎没有,几乎什么也不hardly … when/before 刚一……就……come to no harm 未受损伤15in harmony (with) 相配,与……一致in haste 急忙地,草率地talk through one’s hat 吹牛,胡说八道have had it 受够了,忍无可忍了have got to 必须做……have it in for 厌恶have on 穿着,戴着have to 不得不,必须have to do with 与……有关above/over one’s head 在某人头上,太高深而超过某人的理解能力come to a head 出脓,成熟,到紧要关头head for 驶向,走向head on 迎头,迎面head over heels 头朝下,颠倒;完全地lose sb’s head 不知所措put one’s heads together 集思广益,共同商量hear about/of 听说at heart 在内心,实质上break sb’s head 使……悲痛万分get/learn/know sth. By heart 记住,背顺from( the bottom of ) one’s heart 衷心地heart and soul 全心全意in one’s heart of hearts 在内心深处lose heart 丧失信心,失去勇气set one’s heart on 渴望take heart 振作take … to heart 认真考虑某事to one’s heart’s content 尽兴地the hell 表示惊讶,不信,厌恶等的语气词like hell 拼命地to hell with 让……见鬼去can/could not help 禁不住,不得不help oneself 自取所需(食物等)help out 帮助(某人)here and now 眼下,立刻,马上here and there 到处,处处neither here nor there 无关紧要,不相干over the hill 上年岁的,走下坡路的hinge on/upon 靠……转动,以……为转移make history 创造历史,作出永垂史册的事业hit on/upon 偶然发现catch/get/take hold of 抓住,掌握hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制hold down 压制,缩减hold forth 滔滔地说,提供hold off 不接近,拖延hold on 继续,握住不放hold on to/onto 紧紧抓住,坚持hold one’s breath 屏息hold out 维持,支持;坚持,不屈服hold over 拖延,以……威胁hold up 举起,承载;阻挡,停止;抢劫,拦截hold with 赞同,容忍at home 在家,在国内;自在,自如b ing … home to 使认识到do the honors 尽地主之谊in honor of 为纪念,向……表示敬意on/upon one’s honor 以某人名誉担保hook up 以钩钩住off the hook 摆脱困境,脱身hope against hope 抱一线希望on the horizon 在地平线上be hostile to 对……有敌意,反对on the hour 准点地bring the house down 博得全场喝彩或鼓掌keep house 管理家务,做家务on the house 主人开销的,免费的how about … ? ……如何,……怎样how come …? ……怎么会……为什么……hundreds of 数以白计,许多hunger after/for 渴望hunt down 穷追直至抓住hunt for 搜寻hurry up (使)赶快,迅速完成in a hurry 匆忙地,急于Iif only 要是……多好;要是,只要be ignorant of 不知道improve on/upon 改进on (the) impulse (of…) 凭(……的)冲动be in for 肯定会经历,注定要遭受;参加(竞赛)in that 因为,既然every inch 完全,在各方面,从头到尾be inclined to 倾向于,欲……的,想……的on the increase 正在增长independent of 与…无关,不依靠,不取决于,不受…限制inferior to 在…之下,次于,不如inform of/about 通知,告诉,报告inquire after 询问起inquire into 盘查,调查inquire sth. of sb 询问,打听inside out 里子朝外地,彻底地for instance 例如in the first instance 最初,首先instead of 代替,而不是……to all intents (and purposes) 实际上in the interest(s) of 为了,为了……的利益interfere with 妨碍,打扰in the interim 在间歇的,期间的;暂时的,临时的at intervals 不时,时时involve in 卷入,陷入iron out 烫平,熨衣服by itself 独自地,单独地in itself 在本质上,完全地J17be jealous of 妒忌on the job 工作着joint venture 合资get the jump on 抢在……之前行动just about 几乎just now 刚才,不久以前bring to justice 使……受到法律制裁do justice to 公平对待,说句公道话,充分地评判kkeep at 坚持不懈地做谋事keep back 阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留;扣下,留下keep down 控制,压制;咽下,不吐出;压低声音keep from 使……不(做)keep off 不接近,避开keep on 继续,保持keep one’s words 守信keep out of 躲开,置身于……之外keep/hold pace with 并驾齐驱keep to 坚持,保持;不离开keep up 继续,坚持keep up with 跟上,不落后,赶上kick about/around 粗暴对待,虐待kick off 开始kick up 踢起(灰尘);激起,引起all kinds of 各种各样的in kind 以同样的方式(回敬)of a kind 徒有其名的bring to one’s knee 使某人屈服knock about/around 虐待;厮混;漫游,漂泊knock down 把……撞倒,把……击倒knock off 下班休息knock out 击倒,击昏know about 知道……,了解……know as 被认为是……,被称为是……know better than 懂道理,有头脑,不会上当know of 知道有……to one’s knowledge 据某人所知Llack of 缺乏,不足lap up (贪梦地)舐光;欣然接受at large 一般,大体上by and large 总的来说,大体上lash out (at) 猛打at (long) last 终于at the latest 最迟of late 最近later on 其后,以后laugh at 讥笑laugh off 用笑摆脱lay aside 把……放在一边;积蓄lay down 放下,阁下;制订,拟订;铺设lay off (临时)解雇;休息,停止lay out 布置,安排;陈列,展示;设计,制订lay over (旅途中)稍作停留lay up 贮存;使卧病在床;使(船)进坞修理lead the way 带路,示范lead to 通向,导致,引起leaf through 迅速翻阅turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页,改过自新,重新做人leak out 泄露lean on 靠在……上,依靠by/in leaps and bounds 突飞猛进learn by heart 记住learn from 向……学习at least 至少least of all 最不not in the least 一点也不to say the least 至少(可以这样说),退一步说leave alone 不管,不理会leave behind 留下,忘带leave off 停止,结束leave out 省去,遗漏leave word 流言take one’s leave of 告别not th have a leg to stand on 站不住脚的at leisure 有空,闲着无事,从从容不迫lend itself to 适合于lend to 借给at length 最后,终于;详细地go to great lengths 竭尽全力做……on less than 有……之多,多大,和……一样,不亚于let alone 更不用说let down 放下,降低;使失望leg go (of) 放开,松手;放弃let in 让……进入,放……进来let off 免除职责,准予离开;宽恕;放(枪,烟火)let out 加宽,放宽(衣服);放出,放掉,发出let up 停止,中止;减弱to the letter 严格按照字句level off/out 达到稳定be liable for 有责任的,有义务的;be liable to 易受…影响的,易遭受或经历一些不好的事情或风险的at liberty 自由,随意lie in 在于take lying down 逆来顺受bring to life 使恢复知觉come to life 变得活跃,变得兴奋for life 终生,直到生命终结bring to light 发现,揭发come to light 暴露,被发现,众所周知in (the) light of 鉴于,基于……的考虑light up 点燃,照亮throw/cast light on/upon 使明白,阐明in line 成一直线,排成一行19。

中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲

中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲

中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲本大纲是在2002年10月起试行的原《中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲》的基础上修订的,自2005年10月起在中国科学院研究生院范围内试行。

?考试对象报考中国科学院所属各院、所、园、中心、站、台相关专业拟攻读博士学位的考生。

?考试目的检验考生是否具有进入攻读博士学位阶段的英语水平和能力。

?考试类型、考试内容及考试结构本考试共有五个部分:词汇(占10%)、完形填空(占15%)、阅读理解(占40%)、英译汉占(15%),写作占20%。

试卷分为:试卷一(Paper One)客观试题,包括前三个部分,共75题,顺序排号;试卷二(Paper Two)主观试题,包括英译汉和写作两个部分。

?一、词汇主要测试考生是否具备一定的词汇量和根据上下文对词和词组意义判断的能力。

词和词组的测试范围基本以本考试大纲词汇表为参照依据。

共20题。

每题为一个留有空白的英文句子。

要求考生从所给的四个选项中选出可用在句中的最恰当词或词组。

?二、完形填空主要测试考生在语篇层次上的理解能力以及对词汇表达方式和结构掌握的程度。

考生应具有借助于词汇、句法及上下文线索对语言进行综合分析和应用的能力。

要求考生就所给篇章中15处空白所需的词或短语分别从四个选项中选出最佳答案。

?三、阅读理解本部分共分两节。

要求考生能:1)掌握中心思想、主要内容和具体细节;2)进行相关的判断和推理;3)准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中的特定含义;4)领会作者观点和意图、判断作者的态度。

A节:主要测试考生在规定时间内通过阅读获取相关信息的能力。

考生须完成1800-2000词的阅读量并就题目从四个选项中选出最佳答案。

B节:主要测试考生对诸如连贯性和一致性等语段特征的理解。

考生须完成700-900词的阅读量(2篇短文),并根据每篇文章(约400词)的内容,从文后所提供的6段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。

《中国科学院博士入学英语考试大纲重点词汇 精讲 巧记 速练》读书笔记思维导图

《中国科学院博士入学英语考试大纲重点词汇 精讲 巧记 速练》读书笔记思维导图

01
Groups 61-65
02
Groups 66-70
03
Groups 71-75
04
Groups 76-80
06
Groups 86-90
05
Groups 81-85
谢谢观看
02
Section H
03
Section I
04
Section J
06
Section L
05
Section K
01
Section M
02
Section N
03
Section O
04
Section P
06
Section R
05
Section Q
Keys to the Exercise...
01
Groups 1-5
最新版读书笔记,下载可以直接修改
《中国科学院博士入学英 语考试大纲重点词汇 精
讲 巧记 速练》
思维导图PPT模板
本书关键字分析思维导图
中国科学 院
英语词汇 中英文
词组 练习
例句
模拟
词汇
英语考试
聚焦 释义
测验
博士
同学
真题
形式多样
文字
硕士
文学语言
目录
01 Part One Key Vocabul...
03 Keys to the Exercise...
02 Part Two Key Phrases...
本书收录了中国科学院《硕士博士研究生词汇速记》和中国科学院博士入学英语考试历年真题中出现的高频 词汇和词组,配以中英文释义、例句以及形式多样的练习和模拟测验,旨在帮助正在准备参加中国科学院博士入 学英语考试的同学实现英语词汇的聚焦,短时高效地掌握考博的高频词汇。

中科院考博英语高频词汇积累

中科院考博英语高频词汇积累

中科院考博英语高频词汇积累中科院考博英语高频词汇积累考博就是考英语,这已成为一个非常流行的话题了。

为了帮助大家备考考博英语,店铺整理了一些考博英语词汇,希望能帮到大家!orbiter n. 盘旋物, 人造卫星ninety num.&n. 九十paperback n. 纸封面本, 普及本, 平装书politically adv. 政治上地countless adj. 无数的,数不尽的scatter n. 散布, 零星少量 vt. 驱散, 散播 vi. 分散, 消散expertise n. 专家的意见,专门技术gene n. 基因fore adj. 在前的, 以前的 adv. 在前面, 在船头 prep. 在前 n. 前头,船头 pref. 前,预先zigzag n. 曲折, 之字形 adj. 曲折的, 锯齿形的 adv. 曲折地, 成锯齿形地 vt. 使曲折 vi. 曲折前行imaginative adj. 富于想象力的steadily adv.稳定地,有规则地warrant n. 正当理由,根据,委任状,准许 vt. 保证,辩解,担保, 授权hack n. 劈, 砍, 出租马车 v. 劈, 砍, 干咳momentum n. 动力,要素, 势头,(物理)动量newcomer n. 新来的人, 新手mere adj. 纯粹的,仅仅的,只不过的 adv. 仅仅,只不过 n. 小湖choir n. 唱诗班, 唱诗班的席位premise vt. 引出,预先提出;作为…的前提 n. 前提;上述各项;房屋连地基 vi. 作出前提pat n. 轻拍,拍打声, vt. 轻拍,拍打 vi. 轻跑,轻击 adv. 适时,彻底 adj. 油腔滑调的,恰好的`,合适的salvation n. 得救,拯救,赎罪utilize vt. 利用amazement n. 惊愕, 惊异gild vt. 镀金,虚饰 n. 协会,行会(=guild)longing n. 渴望,热望,憧憬 adj. 渴望的,热望的 vbl. 渴望,渴慕,热望planner n. 计划者,设计者spectrum n. 光谱, (比喻)范围, 系列promote vt. 促进, 提升, 升迁; 发起; 促销fond adj. 喜欢的;温柔的;宠爱的appraisal n. 估计,估量,评价troop n. 群,组,军队,大量,童子军 vi. 群集,结队,成群前行,陪伴legalization n.合法化,得到法律认可curse vt.& vi.诅咒; 咒骂; 使苦恼,使困苦; 把(某人)逐出教门 n.诅咒; 咒语; 祸害,祸因; 咒逐,逐出教门pants n.裤子,短裤vessel n. 船,容器,脉管,血管,化身superficial adj. 表面的,肤浅的collaboration n. 合作, 通敌clamp n. 螺丝钳,夹子 vt. 夹住,固定humid adj. 潮湿的lie n. 谎言 v. 躺着, 说谎, 位于。

中科院考博英语培训资料考博词汇

中科院考博英语培训资料考博词汇

Basic verbs
Verbs like "to be," "to have," "to do," and "to say" are critical for expressing actions and states
Basic nouns
Nouns like "person," "place," "thing," and "idea" are fundamental for naming and categorizing entities
Detailed description
Candidates should pay attention to memorizing and applying common subject vocabulary, such as professional terms in fields such as biology, chemistry, physics, etc. At the same time, candidates should also understand the commonly used expressions and academic norms in different disciplines to improve the accuracy and speed of reading comprehension.
Reading comprehension vocabulary
Writing expression vocabulary is the key to improving English writing ability.

中科院考博英语高频词汇

中科院考博英语高频词汇

中科院考博英语高频词汇中科院考博英语必备高频词汇中科院成立于1949年11月,郭沫若是第一任院长。

下面是店铺整理的中科院考博英语词汇,希望能帮到大家!involuntary adj. 自然而然的,无意识的,不知不觉的auditor n. 听者, 收听者, 稽核员microcomputer n. 微电脑 [计算机] 微机计算机treason n. 叛逆,通敌,背叛,叛国罪lecture vt. &vi. 讲课, 教导 n. 演讲, 教训, 斥责rage n. 愤怒,情绪激动,风行一时,热量 vi. 震怒,风行,席卷overwhelming adj. 势不可挡的, 压倒的host n.[计算机]主机; 主人,东道主; 节目主持人; 酒店业主 vt.当主人; 主办宴会,主持节目; 款待,做东 vi.做主人,做东道主dive n. 潜水,跳水 vt. 跳水,俯冲 vi. 把...伸入bell n. 钟,铃,花冠,吼叫声 vt. 敲钟,使象钟状地张开 vi. 使呈钟状,张开novice n. 新手,初学者passion n. 激情,热情detach vt. 使分离, 拆卸 [计算机] 脱离typhoon n. 台风rebellion n. 谋反, 叛乱, 反抗grammatical adj. 语法的, 合乎文法的crumb n. 碎屑, 面包心, 少许,无价值的人 v. 捏碎, 弄碎,裹面包屑,抹去碎屑derive v. 得自, 起源, 引申于pillar n. 柱子,支柱,核心(人物) vt. 用柱支持evil adj. 邪恶的, 坏的 n. 邪恶, 罪恶excited adj. 兴奋的ascribe v. 归因于, 归咎于divert vt. 转移,使欢娱 vi. 转移adoption n. 采用, 采纳, 收养sieve n. 筛子, 粗篮, 说话轻率不能保密的.人 v. 筛, 滤grab vt. &vi. 抓取,抢去,吸引注意 n. 抓,接应,掠夺 n.不法所得; 被抓住的人; 抓取装置farewell adj. 告别的 int. 再会,别了 n. 告别gracious adj. 亲切的, 高尚的esteem n. 尊敬 vt. 认为,尊敬ordeal n. 严酷的考验,痛苦的经验,神裁法concise adj. 简明的, 简要的maturity n. 成熟 (支票等的)到期hymn n. 赞美诗, 圣歌 v. 唱赞美歌richly adv. 富裕地, 浓厚地periodical n. 期刊 adj. 周期的, 定期的ridicule n. 嘲笑, 愚弄, 笑柄 v. 嘲笑, 嘲弄, 愚弄undermine vt. 暗中损害, 逐渐削弱, 在(某物)下挖洞或挖通道, 从根基处损害guideline n. 指引,指导方针rebuke v. 斥责, 指责,阻止 n. 指责, 谴责, 非难initiate n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始,创始,启蒙,介绍加入【中科院考博英语必备高频词汇】。

最新中科院考博英语 培训资料 考博词汇讲学课件

最新中科院考博英语 培训资料 考博词汇讲学课件
Our children are pampered by their grandparents. • scamper: When small children and animals scamper,
they run with small quick steps, in a playful or frightened way • The children scampered off into the garden. • tamper: to touch or change something without permission • Don't tamper with the boiler.
water. • persist: If an unpleasant feeling or situation persists, it
continues to exist; to try to do or continue doing something in a determined but often unreasonable way • The cold weather is set to persist throughout the week. • resist: to refuse to accept or be changed by something • He tried to run away from the police and was charged with resisting arrest. • insist: to state or demand forcefully, especially despite opposition • She insisted on seeing her lawyer.

备考中科院考博英语词汇

备考中科院考博英语词汇

备考中科院考博英语词汇备考中科院考博英语必备词汇做英语阅读,词汇是基础,中科院考博英语阅读的篇幅和内容是相当之大,为了帮助大家备考中科院考博英语,小编整理了一些考博英语词汇,希望能帮到大家!consensus n. 共识,一致,合意 n. [生理]交感tour n. 旅游, 观光旅行, 任期 v. 旅行, 周游nationwide adj. 全国性的 adv. 在全国范围内aboard adv. 在船上,在火车上,在飞机上 prep. 上船,上飞机,上车substitute n. 代替者,代用品 v. 代替 vi. (for)代替 vt. 用...代替,代以stone n.石头; 宝石; 矿石; (膀胱或肾脏中的)结石 vt.向扔石块; 用石头铺; 以石掷向; 除(水果的)硬核 adj.石制的; 石头似的; [S-]石器时代的; 粗陶制的 adv.石一般的narrow adj. 狭窄的,有限的;勉强的;精密的;度量小的n. 海峡;狭窄部分,隘路 vt. 使变狭窄 vi. 变窄motorist n. 驾车旅行的人,开汽车的人chestnut n. 栗子,栗树,栗色,栗色马,七叶树,马的胼胝,陈词滥调 adj. 栗色的wheat n. 小麦, 小麦色variety n. 多样, 种类, 杂耍poorly adv. 贫穷地,不充份地,贫乏地 adj. 身体不舒服的,心情恶劣的thrift adj. 节约, 节俭 n. 节俭, 节约thirst v. 渴望,渴求 vi. (for)渴望,渴求 vt.&n. 渴,渴望orchard n. 果园prefix n. 前缀 vt. 加...作为前缀,置于前面 adj. 前缀的eager adj. 渴望的, 热切的.reserve n. 预备品, 贮存, 候补 n. 克制, 含蓄 vt. 保留, 预订, 延期noble adj. 高尚的, 宏伟的, 贵族的, 高贵的 n. 贵族caravan n. (穿越沙漠的)旅行队, 商队,大篷车electric adj. 电的,令人激动的,鲜亮的 n. 供电cardinal n.红衣主教,鲜红色,基数,北美红雀adj. 主要的,深红色的fiddle n. 小提琴 v. 虚度时光, 拉小提琴basement n. 根基,地下室 n.(新英格兰)特别指学校中的公厕proficiency n. 熟练,精通commitment n. 委托,实行,承诺,保证(律)拘禁令,奉献,献身cocker vt. 娇养, 溺爱, 放纵 n. 西班牙长耳猎犬 n. 斗鸡的人uphold v. 支撑, 赞成, 鼓励cleanse vt. 使...清洁, 净化, 使...纯洁devotion n. 虔诚,祈祷,献身,奉献remnant adj. 剩余的 n. 残(剩)余reality n. 现实,实际,真实closet n. 壁橱,衣帽间 adj.(用于名词前)隐藏(身分等)的;不公开(个人信息)的 vt. 把…关在房间里(尤指为了私下会谈或避免他人打扰) truthful adj. 诚实的,真实的fertile adj. 肥沃的,能繁殖的 n. 多产,肥沃magnifier n. 放大镜,放大器vital adj. 至关重要的, 生死攸关的, 有活力的, 充满生机的dough n.生面团,浆糊futile adj. 无效的, 无用的brief n. 摘要,简报,公事包 adj. 简短的,简洁的 v. 对...作简报,摘要。

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Aabandon oneself to 放纵自己,使自己沉溺于with abandon 放任,无拘无束about to 刚要,即将keep abreast of 与……齐头并列absent from 缺席in the abstract 理论上的,抽象意义的in abundance 多,富足have access to 可以得到/接近of one's accord 自动的,自愿的in accord with 相符合,相一致with one accord 一致地of on account 不重要的(to)on account of 由于,因为on no account 决不take account of 考虑take...into account 拉be (get) accustomed to 习惯于act on 起作用act up 捣蛋in the act of 正在……时out of action 不再活动,不再运转take action 采取行动(to),提起诉讼(against),开始起作用adapt to 适应于,使适应于add up 把……加起来,言之有理,有意义,合理,符合预期值,评定,看法,形成……的意见add up to 总计,合计be addicted to 上瘾,沉迷于in addition 另外in addition to 除……之外adjust to 适应于in advance 预先,提前have the advantage over 胜过,优于take advantage of 利用to advantage 有利于again and again 再三地in the aggregate 总共,作为总体agree on 取得一致agree to 同意,接受agree with 赞同ahead of 在……前面aim at 目的在于,企图by air 坐飞机clear the air 消除误会in the air 在空中,悬而未决up in the air 尚未决定off the air 停止播放on the air 在播放on the alert 保持警觉above all 尤其是,最重要的是after all 毕竟,终究all but 几乎all in all 总的来说all over 遍及,到处at all 完全,根本not at all 一点也不for all 尽管in all 总共in alliance with 与……联盟allow for 考虑到make allowance(s) for 考虑到,顾及;体谅,体贴leave alone 听其自然,不要去管let alone 更不用说all along 始终along with 与一起by analogy 用类推的方法in the final/last analysis 归根结底one after another 一个接一个one another 相互anything but 根本不,除……以外任何事情anything like 多少有点像for anything 无论如何apart from 除去appeal to 请求,吸引to all appearances 就外表来看apply to 申请,要求,实用于on approval 供试商品,包退包换的approval of 赞成arm in arm 手挽手as … as 象……一样as for /to 至于,关于as if/though 好象,仿佛as it is 实际上as it were 可以说,某中程度上not as/so…as 和……不一样aside from 除……之外ask for 要求,找人ask after 探问,问起……健康情况assert oneself 坚持自己的权利,显示自己的权威attach to 属于,与……有关pay attention to 注意avail oneself of 利用of no avail 没用on the/an average 通常,平均上be aware of 意识到be/stand in awe of 对某人充满敬畏之情Bback and forth 来来回回back down/off 放弃,让步in back of 在……后面,在……背后back out 退出,食言back up 支持,倒车behind one’s back 暗中,背着某人turn one’s back on 轻视,不理采know… backward(s) 对……极其熟悉go from bad to worse 每况愈下badly off 贫困的,缺少in the balance 平衡off balance 失去平衡behind bars 在狱中bargain for/on 讨价还价drive a hard bargain 杀价,迫使对方接受苛刻条件barge in 闯入,干预on the basis of 以……为基础keep/hold sth.at bay 阻止,隔离bear down 压倒,击败bear on/upon 对……有影响,和……有关bear out 证实bear up 支持,气馁bear with 忍受,容忍have a bearing on 对……有影响beat down 太阳照射强烈,雨大,打倒beat it 跑掉,走开beat up 痛打,狠揍because of 因为,由于become of 发生于,使遭遇go to bed 上床睡觉、beg off 恳求免除义务begin with 以……开始to begin with 首先,第一on/in behalf of 代表bring into being 使出现,使存在come into being 出现,形成beyond belief 难以置信believe to 信任,信赖,相信……的效用belong to 属于,是……的成员bend over backwards 竭尽全力benefit from 获益for the benefit of 为了beside oneself 极度兴奋,对感情失去控制at best 最多at one’s best 处于最佳状态do/try one’s best 尽力,努力get/have one’s best of 利用had best/better 最好make the best of 充分利用better off 情况更好,生活更优裕for the better 好转get/have the better of 战胜,在……中占上风in between 在中间fit the bill 符合要求,符合需要a bird in (the) hand 已成定局kill two birds with one stone 一举两得by birth 血统上,天生give birth to 生(孩子),产生a bit 多少有点bit by bit 渐渐地do one’s bit 做分内的事情,尽自己的力量every bit 完全,从头到尾black and blue 遍体鳞伤in the black and white 白纸黑字be to blame 该受指责,该承担责任at full blast 大力地,最有效地blaze a trail 开拓道路,作先导turn a blind eye(to) 漠不关心,视而不见on the blink 运转不灵,出故障black off 封锁,封闭block up 堵住,阻塞in the cold blood 蓄意残忍地in (full) blossom 正开着花blot out 遮蔽,使模糊blow out 吹灭,中止blow up 爆炸,炸飞;充气,打气;发怒come to blows 互相打斗(吵嘴)out of the blue 出乎意料,突然call one’s bluff 要求某人摊派,向某人挑战across the board 全面的,包括一切的above board 光明正大的board up 用木版封闭或遮盖on board 在(船、车或飞机上)boast about 夸口boast of 吹嘘in the same boat 处境相同boil down (to) 意味着,归结为boil over 激动,发怒a bolt from/out of the blue 意外事件,晴天霹雳have a bone to pick with 有理由来抱怨和争论make no bones about 直言不讳book in = check inby the book 按规则,依照惯例both … and 不仅……而且be bound to 注定be bound up in 热衷于,忙于be bound up with 与……有密切联系know no bounds 无限bow out 鞠躬,低头,退出,辞职pick sb.’s brains 向……请教rack one’s brains 绞尽脑汁branch out 扩充,扩大break away from 脱离,逃跑break down 损坏,崩溃break in 非法闯入,打断,插嘴break into 强行进入break off 中断,突然停止break out 爆发,突然出现break through 突围,冲破break up 中止打碎catch one’s breath 屏息,歇口气hold one’s breath 屏息而待out of breath 喘不过气来take sb.’s breath away 使惊羡不已under one’s breath 压着嗓子,低声地brim over (with) 充满,拿来bring out 导致,引起bring around/round 使恢复,说服,使信服bring back 唤起,重新实行bring down 打倒,挫伤,降低bring forth 产生,提出bring forward 提出,建议bring in 产生,引进bring off 使实现,做成bring on 引起,助长,促进bring out 使出现,使显明bring through 使脱险,使安全度过bring to 使恢复知觉bring up 教育,培养bristle with 充满,布满brush aside 不理,不顾brush off 不愿听见,打发掉brush up 重温,再练buck up 使振奋,使打起精神buckle down 倾全力build in 使成为固定物build into 固定于build on/upon 建立,以……为基础build up 逐步建立,增进,增强in bulk 大批,大量bump into 碰见,偶然遇见bundle up 打捆,捆扎,暖和do a bunk 匆忙逃走burn down 烧毁burn out 熄灭,烧光burn up 烧掉烧毁burst in on 打断,打搅burst into 突然发作burst out 突然……起来beat around/about the bush 转弯摸角,旁敲侧击get down to business 着手办正事out of business 歇业have no business 无权,没有理由in business 经商,经营mind your business 少管闲事on business 因公,出差mean business 是认真的but for 要不是cannot but 不得不,不禁要butt in 插手,干涉on the button 准确地,准时地buy off 行贿,收买buy out 买下……的全部股份,出钱摆脱by and by 不久,迟早by and large 大体上,总的来说by the by 顺便提一句Ccall back 回电话call for 叫某人来,要求,需要call forth 使产生,引起,使起作用call in 叫……近来,召来call off 取消call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up 打电话,召集,使人想起calm down 平静下来,镇定下来capable of 有……能力;能……的,有……可能的care about 对……赶兴趣,关心,注意;为……担忧care for 照顾,照料;喜欢take care 当心,小心take care of 爱护,照料;承担,处理,负责carry forward 推进carry off 夺走carry on 继续,进行;从事,经营carry out 执行,实行;完成,实现carry over 继续下去,将……延后carry through 实现,完成,坚持下去;使渡过困难(或麻烦)carve out 创业,发财carve up 分割,瓜分a case in point 有关的事例,例证in any case 无论如何,总之in case 假使,以防(万一)in case of 假如,如果发生in no case 决不cash down 现金支付cash in on 靠……赚钱,乘机利用cast about/around for 到处寻找,试图找到cast aside 把……丢一边,去掉cast doubt on 使对……产生怀疑cast off 抛弃,丢弃cast out 赶出,驱逐catch at 试图抓住,拼命抓catch on 流行起来,懂得,理解catch out 发觉……错误(或做坏事)catch up with 赶上for certain 肯定地,确切地make certain 确定by chance 偶然,碰巧by any chance 万一,也许chance on/upon 偶然找到,偶然stand a chance of 有……希望,有……的可能take a chance 冒险,投机change for the better/worse 变好(坏)in character (与自身特性)相符out of character (与自身特性)不相符charge with 控告in charge of 管理,负责take charge 开始管理,接管check in 登记,报到check out 结帐离去;检验,检查check up(on) 核查,核实in check 受抑制的,受控制的cheer on 为……鼓气,向……喝彩cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来chock back 忍住,抑制choke up (因激动等)说不出话来in chorus 一齐,一致,共同in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下,(情况)既然如此in/under no circumstance 无论如何不,决不lay claim to 声称对……有利clamp down 对……进行压制(或取缔)clean out 把……打扫干净clean up 把……收拾干净;清除罪犯;解释,澄清clear away 把……清除掉,收拾clear off 离开,溜掉clear out 清楚,把……腾空;走开,赶出clear up 清理;澄清,解决;放晴around(round) the clock 日夜不停地close by 在近旁,在旁边close down 关闭,歇业close in(on) 包围,围住close up 堵住,关闭come/draw to a close 渐进结束catch (a) cold 感冒come about 发生,产生come across 偶然遇见,碰上come along 出现,发生;进步,进展come apart 破碎,崩溃come around/round 苏醒,复原;顺便来访come at 攻击,冲向;达到,了解come back 回来;记起;恢复原状,重新流行come between 分开,离间;妨碍某人做某事come by 得到,获得;访问,看望come down (物价)下跌;落魄,潦倒come down to 可归结为come in for 受到,遭到come off 脱落,分开;结果,表现come on 表示鼓励、催促等;进步,进展;开始,发生come out 出现,显露;出版,发表;结果是come through 经历……活着,安然度过come to 苏醒;总是为,结果是come to a point 谈到要点,直截了当地说come true 实现come up 出现,发生come up against 突然(或意外),碰到(困难、反对等)come up to 达到,符合come up with 提出,提供in common 共用的,共有的keep…company 与……交往,与……结伴part … company (with) 与……分离,决裂beyond/without compare 无与伦比compare … to 把……比做compare … with 与……相比by/in comparison 相比之下in comparison with 与……比较起来compete with/against 与……竞争complain of/about 抱怨be composed of 由……组成as/so far as … be concerned 就……而言be concerned with 关于,与……有关concern about 关心in conclusion 最后,总之jump to a conclusion 过早下结论on condition that 在……条件下out of condition 健康不佳in confidence 私下地,秘密地take into one’s confidence 把……作为知己in conflict (with) 与……抵触in conjunction with 与……共同,连同in connection with 关于in (all/good) conscience 凭良心on one’s conscience 问心无愧by common consent 经一致同意in consequence 因此,结果in consequence of 由于,因为……缘故in consideration of 考虑到,由于;作为对……的报酬take into consideration 考虑到,顾及consist in 在于consist of 由……构成consult(with) …about … 商议,交换意见come(get) into contact (with) 接触到in contact with 与……有联系out of contact with 与……失去联系lose contact with 失去联系contrary to 与……相反on the contrary 相反to the contrary 相反的(地)by/in contrast 对比之下in contrast to/with 与……对比起来,与……形成对比contribute to 捐助;为……写稿in control of 掌握着,控制着out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住cool down/off 冷却,(使)冷静下来cook up 捏造,编造cope with 应付to the core 透顶的,十足的around/round the corner 附近;即将来临cut corners 走捷径,省钱(或人力,时间等)turn the corner 出现转机at all costs 不惜任何代价,无论如何at any cost 不惜任何代价,无论如何at the cost of 以……为代价keep one’s own counsel 将意见(或计划)保密count against (被)认为对……不利count down (发射火箭等时)到记数count in 把……算入count on/upon 依靠,指望count out 逐一数出;不把……算入count up 把……相加in the course of 在……期间,在……过程中in due course 到时候,在今后适当时候of course 当然(by) courtesy of 蒙……的好意,蒙……提供cover of 代替;为……掩护cover up 掩盖,掩饰cover … with 遮盖,覆盖take cover 隐蔽under cover 秘密地,暗地里crack down 镇压crack up 撞坏crawl with 爬满,缓慢地行进like crazy 发疯似的,拼命地credit card 信用卡to sb’s credit 在(某人)名下,(某人)值得赞扬critical of 吹毛求疵的,爱挑剔的,对……表示不满的cross off/out 划掉,取消a far cry from 与……相差很远cry out for 迫切需要on cue 恰好在这时候take one’s cue from 学……的样,听……的劝告off the cuff 未经准备的,即席curl up 卷起,撅起(嘴);使卷曲cut across 抄近路,走捷径cut back 削减,缩减cut down 削减,减少cut in 插嘴,打断;(汽车)上当cut off 切断,使隔绝;剪去,删去;打断,停止cut out 删除Din danger of 有……的危险out of danger 脱离危险in the dark (对某事)毫不知情dash off 匆匆地写或画;迅速离去date back to 自……时代存在至今out of date 过时的to date 到目前为止up to date 新式的,切合目前情况的dawn (up) on 被理解,变得为人所明白call it to day 结束,到此为止day and night 日日夜夜day by day 一天天,逐日day in ,day out 日复一日,不间断one day (过去)某一天,(将来)有一天to a/the day 恰好,一天不差a good/great deal 大量deal in 经营,买卖;对待deal with 与……相处;对待put to death 杀死,处死to death 极度;以致死亡in debt 欠债in sb.’s debt 受某人恩惠decide on/upon 决定,选定dedicate .. to 把(自己,一生等)献给,把(时间,精力等)用于deep down 实际上,在心底in default of 因为没有……,因缺乏……in defiance of 无视,不顾by degrees 逐渐地,渐渐地in/to some degree 某中程度上,(多少)有一点to a certain degree 在一定程度上,有几分take (a) delight in 以……为乐in demand 所需要on demand 一经要求,承索depend on 视……而定,决定于deprive … of 剥夺in depth 深入地out of one’s depth 非……所能理解derive from 得自,由来,衍生go into detail(s) 详细说明in detail 详细地be determined to 决心做某事devote to 把……献给die away (风、声音)渐息,渐弱die down 渐渐消失,平息die of 因某病死去die off 相继死去die out 消失,灭绝on a diet 吃规定的饮食make a/the difference 对……有影响或作用make no difference 对……无作用影响in difficulty 处于……困难中dig into 钻研,掘进去dig up 崛起,挖出,发现a dime a dozen 多的很,不稀罕dine out 外出吃饭dip into 浏览,稍加研究disagree with … on/about 与……在某方面意见不同in disgrace 失宠的in disguise 伪装,化装dish out 端上(菜),盛于盘中dispense with 免除,省却,无需at sb’s disposal 任某人处置in dispute 在争论中,未决的in the distance 在远处at a distance 有相当距离keep a distance 与保持一定距离distinguish … from 区别,识别divide among 在……间分配,分开divide into 除,除尽,把……做除数do away with 废除,去掉do for 对……有效,代替,干掉do up 扎,缚,捆do with 想要,需要do without 没有……也行have sht. to do with 和……有(点)关系next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外,在露天double up 弯腰,把……折起来beyond (a) doubt 无疑地in doubt 拿不准,不能确定no doubt 无疑,必定down with 打倒,把……拿下doze off 打瞌睡drag on/out 拖延draw in (火车,汽车)到站draw on 动用,利用;吸,抽烟draw up 写出,画出;草拟;停住dream of 梦见……、dream up 空想出,构思,创造,设计(发明无等)dress up 穿上盛装,打扮得漂亮drink in 吸收drive at 意志,用意所在drop by/in 顺便来访drop off 减弱,减少drop out 退出drum up 招徕,鼓吹dry out 使干透dry up 使枯竭,停止提供due to 因为,由于in due course 及时地,在适当时in duplicate 一式两份地off duty 下班on duty 值班,上班dwell on/upon 凝思,详述Eeach other 互相early on 在早期in earnest 认真地,诚挚地on earth 究竟,到底at ease 安逸,自由自在ease off/up 放松,缓和,减轻take it easy 从容,不紧张,松懈,轻松eat up 吃光,耗尽at a low ebb 处于低潮ebb and flow 涨落,盛衰,消长on edge 紧张,急切bring/carry/put into effect 使生效,使起作用come/go into effect 生效,实施in effect 有效,实际上to the effect that 大意是,意思是make an effort 努力either … to … 或……或,不是……就是,不论……还是or else 否则,要不然in embryo 在酝酿(考虑,计划)中end in 以……为结果end up 结束,告终in the end 最后终于no end 非常,无限on end 竖着;连续地end with 以……结束put an end to 使终止,毁掉engage in 使从事于,参加enjoy oneself 过得快乐enter into 进入,参加,成为……一部分enter on/upon 开始,着手equal to 等于,胜任be equipped with 用……装备err on the side of 为求……而故作不合算的行动in essence 大体上,实质上of the essence 绝对需要的,极重要的break even 打成平手,得失相当even as 正巧在……的时候,正如even if/though 即使,虽然get even (with) 报复at all events 无论如何in any event 无论如何in the event 结果,如果in the event that 如果,在……情况下in the event of 万一,如果发生for ever 永远every now and then 常常,不时地every other 每隔in evidence 作为证据for example 例如make an example of 惩罚,罚一儆百except for/that 除……之外take exception to 反对with the exception of 除……之外without exception 毫无例外地,一律in excess of 超过to excess 过度in exchange for 交换,以此易彼exert oneself 努力,尽力make an exhibition of oneself 当众出丑in existence 存在,现有at the expense of 归……付费,在损害……的情况下make an experiment on/in/with做……实验,对……做实验explain away 把……解释过去to a certain extent 在一定程度上to some extent 某种程度上go to extreme (说话或行动)走极端in the extreme 极端,非常catch sb’s eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意,照看see eye to eye (与某人)看法完全一致Fface to face 面对面地face to up 大胆面对in the face of 面对,在……面前;不顾,即使to one’s face 当着某人的面子,直率地lose one’s face 失面子,丢脸make face 做鬼脸save one’s face 挽救某人的面子as a matter of fact 事实上,其实in fact 其实,实际上without fail 必定,无疑,确然in good faith 处于善意lose faith to 不再信任fall back 后退,退却fall back on 求助于,转而依靠fall behind 落后fall for 爱上,倾心fall in with 同意,与……一致;碰见fall on/upon 袭击,攻击fall out 争吵,结果是fall through 落空,失败fall to 开始,开始吃be familiar with/to 熟悉famous for 以……闻名take a fancy to 喜欢as far as 远至,到……程度by far ……得多,最far and wide 到处,广泛地far from远非,远离in so far as 到……的程度,在……范围内so far 迄今为止hold fast to 抓紧at fault 感到困惑,有故障find fault with 埋怨,挑剔in favor of 有利于,便于,赞成,支持do a favor/kindness to 帮忙做……,帮(某人)忙be favorable to 赞成far fear of/that 为了避免,害怕in fear of 怕be fed up about 极其厌倦(或不满的)be fed up with 感到厌烦feel like 欲,想要on the fence 保持中立态度,两面派a few 有些,几个few and for between 稀少quite a few 相当多的,还不少fit a fiddle 非常健康play second fiddle to 担任第二小提琴受,而把手figure out 算出,估计,推测on file 存档,记录下来备查fill in 填充,填写fill out 填充,填写fill up 填补,装满find out 查明keep one’s fingers crossed 祈祷,祷告catch (on) fire 着火make a fire 生火on fire 烧火play with fire 玩火set fire to 点燃under fire 受攻击at first 最初,首先first of all 首先,第一fish for 摸索,寻找fit in 相合,相处融洽be fit for 适合于fix on 确定,决定fix up 安排;修补,修理flake out 睡着,打瞌睡flatter oneself 自以为in the flesh 以肉体形式,活着的,本人,flick through 浏览as follows 如下follow through 完成球棒(或球拍)击球后的弧形动作,坚持到底follow up 穷追,把……探究到底fool about/around 闲荡,干蠢事make a fool of 玩弄,愚弄on foot 步行in force 有效,实施中come/go into force 生效,实施to the fore 在近处,在手头,在前面,在显著的地位first and foremost 首先,首要地and so forth 等等for free 免费set free 释放free from 使自由,免除free of 免去……的be friends with 对……友好,与……交上朋友make friends with 交朋友,友好相处in front of 在……前面in full 充足;以全文,用完整的词for/in fun 开玩笑地make fun of 取消,嘲弄make a fuss of/over 娇养(某人),过分关怀(某人)in future 今后,从现在开始in the future 今后,将来Ggain on 逼近,超过,侵蚀gamble away 赌光take a gamble 冒险从事(某事)give the game away 泄露秘密(计划),露出马脚gear up 使唤快当,促进,增加in general 通常,大体上get about 走动,旅行,参加社会活动get across 解释清楚,使人了解get ahead (使)走在前面,进步,获得成功get along (with) 进展;相处融洽;生活,过活get around/round 走动,旅行;(消息)传开get at 得到,接近;意思是get away 逃脱,离开get back 回来,恢复,找回(失物)get by 通过,勉强过活get down 从……下来;写下get in 进入,收获,收集get into 进入,陷进get off 从……下来,离开,动身,开始get out 出去,离开,逃脱,泄露,摆脱get over 克服,(从病中)恢复过来get through 结束,完成;接通电话get together 集合,聚集get up 起床;增加,增强ginger up 使更有生气,使更为奋发give away 泄露,分送give oneself away 泄露,露马脚give back 送还,恢复give birth to 生产(婴儿);产生,造成give in 交上;投降,屈服give off 放出,释放give out 分发,放出give over to 交付给某人give up 放弃,停止give oneself up自首,投降,投案at a glance 一眼(便)at first glance 乍看上去glued to 紧附,似用胶固定go about 着手做,从事,走动,传开go after 追求go against 反对,违反,不利于go ahead 开始,前进,领先go along 前进,进行,赞同,支持go along with 一起去,赞同,附和go around/round 足够分配go at 扑向,着手干,尽全力于go back on/upon/from 违背go by 过去go down 下降,降低;被载入,传下去go for 竭力想取得;喜爱,支持,拥护go in for 从事,致力于,追求,沉迷于go into 进入,研究调查go off 爆炸,发射;动身,离开go on 继续,发生go out 外出,熄灭go over 检查,审查go through 经历,经受;详细检查go under 下沉,沉没;失败,破产go up 上升,增加;建起go with 伴随,与……协调go without 没有……也行on the go 在进行活动,忙碌to go 剩下的,有待于完成be going to 要,会,将要as good as 和……几乎一样,实际上等于do sb good 对某人有益do good/harm to 有益/害于for good 永久地good at 擅长……good for 有效,使用,胜任in good time 及时地,迅速地make good 成功,实现with good grace 欣然地make the grade成功,爬上陡坡take for granted 想当然,认为理所当然come to grief 遭难,受伤,失败grin and bear it 逆来顺受grind out 机械地做出,用功做出come/get to grips(认真)对付(或处理)gain ground 发展,普及get off the ground 开始,取得进展on (the) grounds of 根据,以……为理由grow on 引起……爱好,越来越被喜爱grow out of 长得太高大与……不相符;由……而来grow up 长大,成人,崛起off (one’s) guard 不警惕on (one’s) guard 警惕,防范guard against 提放,预防hate sb’s guts 狠之入骨Hin the habit of 有……的习惯,常常hack into 作为黑客进入hack through 披荆斩棘前进hail from 来自get in sb’s hair 激怒某人make sb’s hair stand on end使人毛骨悚然in half 成两半go halves 平分hammer away 苦心研究hammer out 锤成,苦心想出,推敲出at hand 在手边,在附近,即将到来by hand 用手change hand 转手hand down 流产下来,传给,往下传hand in 交上,递交hand in hand 手拉手,携手hand on 传下来,依次传递hand out 分发,散发,发给hand over 交出,移交,让与have one’s hands full忙的不可开交in hand 在控制中,在进行中in sb’s hands 在……掌握中join hands 携手,同……联合,合伙lend sb a hand 帮助on hand 在手边,临近on(the) one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面out of hand 无法控制,脱手take/have a hand to 参与,介入,起一份作用wash one’s hands of 洗手不干hang about/around 闲荡,徘徊,逗留hang on 抓住不放,继续下去,等一下hang on to 紧握住,坚持下去hang out 挂出hang together 结合在一起hang up 挂断(电话)hardly any 几乎没有,几乎什么也不hardly … when/before 刚一……就……come to no harm 未受损伤in harmony (with) 相配,与……一致in haste 急忙地,草率地talk through one’s hat 吹牛,胡说八道have had it 受够了,忍无可忍了have got to 必须做……have it in for 厌恶have on 穿着,戴着have to 不得不,必须have to do with 与……有关above/over one’s head 在某人头上,太高深而超过某人的理解能力come to a head 出脓,成熟,到紧要关头head for 驶向,走向head on 迎头,迎面head over heels 头朝下,颠倒;完全地lose sb’s head 不知所措put one’s heads together 集思广益,共同商量hear about/of 听说at heart 在内心,实质上break sb’s head 使……悲痛万分get/learn/know sth. By heart 记住,背顺from( the bottom of ) one’s heart 衷心地heart and soul 全心全意in one’s heart of hearts在内心深处lose heart 丧失信心,失去勇气set one’s heart on 渴望take heart 振作take … to heart 认真考虑某事to one’s heart’s content尽兴地the hell 表示惊讶,不信,厌恶等的语气词like hell 拼命地to hell with 让……见鬼去can/could not help 禁不住,不得不help oneself 自取所需(食物等)help out 帮助(某人)here and now 眼下,立刻,马上here and there到处,处处neither here nor there 无关紧要,不相干over the hill 上年岁的,走下坡路的hinge on/upon 靠……转动,以……为转移make history 创造历史,作出永垂史册的事业hit on/upon 偶然发现catch/get/take hold of 抓住,掌握hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制hold down 压制,缩减hold forth 滔滔地说,提供hold off 不接近,拖延hold on 继续,握住不放hold on to/onto 紧紧抓住,坚持hold one’s breath 屏息hold out 维持,支持;坚持,不屈服hold over 拖延,以……威胁hold up 举起,承载;阻挡,停止;抢劫,拦截hold with 赞同,容忍at home 在家,在国内;自在,自如bing … home to 使认识到do the honors 尽地主之谊in honor of 为纪念,向……表示敬意on/upon one’s honor 以某人名誉担保hook up 以钩钩住off the hook摆脱困境,脱身hope against hope 抱一线希望on the horizon 在地平线上be hostile to 对……有敌意,反对on the hour 准点地bring the house down 博得全场喝彩或鼓掌keep house 管理家务,做家务on the house 主人开销的,免费的how about … ? ……如何,……怎样how come …? ……怎么会……为什么……hundreds of 数以白计,许多hunger after/for 渴望hunt down 穷追直至抓住hunt for 搜寻hurry up (使)赶快,迅速完成in a hurry 匆忙地,急于Iif only 要是……多好;要是,只要be ignorant of 不知道improve on/upon 改进on (the) impulse (of…) 凭(……的)冲动be in for 肯定会经历,注定要遭受;参加(竞赛)in that 因为,既然every inch 完全,在各方面,从头到尾be inclined to 倾向于,欲……的,想……的on the increase 正在增长independent of 与……无关,不依靠,不取决于,不受……限制inferior to 在……之下,次于,不如inform of/about 通知,告诉,报告inquire after 询问起inquire into 盘查,调查inquire sth. of sb 询问,打听inside out 里子朝外地,彻底地for instance 例如in the first instance 最初,首先instead of 代替,而不是……to all intents (and purposes) 实际上in the interest(s) of 为了,为了……的利益interfere with 妨碍,打扰in the interim 在间歇的,期间的;暂时的,临时的at intervals 不时,时时involve in 卷入,陷入iron out 烫平,熨衣服by itself 独自地,单独地in itself 在本质上,完全地Jbe jealous of 妒忌on the job 工作着joint venture 合资get the jump on 抢在……之前行动just about 几乎just now 刚才,不久以前bring to justice 使……受到法律制裁do justice to 公平对待,说句公道话,充分地评判kkeep at 坚持不懈地做谋事keep back 阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留;扣下,留下keep down 控制,压制;咽下,不吐出;压低声音keep from 使……不(做)keep off 不接近,避开keep on 继续,保持keep one’s words 守信keep out of 躲开,置身于……之外keep/hold pace with 并驾齐驱keep to 坚持,保持;不离开keep up 继续,坚持keep up with 跟上,不落后,赶上kick about/around 粗暴对待,虐待kick off 开始kick up 踢起(灰尘);激起,引起all kinds of 各种各样的in kind 以同样的方式(回敬)of a kind 徒有其名的bring to one’s knee 使某人屈服knock about/around 虐待;厮混;漫游,漂泊knock down 把……撞倒,把……击倒knock off 下班休息knock out 击倒,击昏know about 知道……,了解……know as 被认为是……,被称为是……know better than 懂道理,有头脑,不会上当know of 知道有……to one’s knowledge 据某人所知Llack of 缺乏,不足lap up (贪梦地)舐光;欣然接受at large 一般,大体上by and large 总的来说,大体上lash out (at) 猛打at (long) last 终于at the latest 最迟of late 最近later on 其后,以后laugh at 讥笑laugh off 用笑摆脱lay aside 把……放在一边;积蓄lay down 放下,阁下;制订,拟订;铺设lay off (临时)解雇;休息,停止lay out 布置,安排;陈列,展示;设计,制订lay over (旅途中)稍作停留lay up 贮存;使卧病在床;使(船)进坞修理lead the way 带路,示范lead to 通向,导致,引起leaf through 迅速翻阅turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页,改过自新,重新做人leak out 泄露lean on 靠在……上,依靠by/in leaps and bounds 突飞猛进learn by heart 记住learn from 向……学习at least 至少least of all 最不not in the least 一点也不to say the least 至少(可以这样说),退一步说leave alone 不管,不理会leave behind 留下,忘带leave off 停止,结束leave out 省去,遗漏leave word 流言take one’s leave of 告别not th have a leg to stand on 站不住脚的at leisure 有空,闲着无事,从从容不迫lend itself to 适合于lend to 借给at length 最后,终于;详细地go to great lengths 竭尽全力做……on less than 有……之多,多大,和……一样,不亚于let alone 更不用说let down 放下,降低;使失望leg go (of) 放开,松手;放弃let in 让……进入,放……进来let off 免除职责,准予离开;宽恕;放(枪,烟火)let out 加宽,放宽(衣服);放出,放掉,发出let up 停止,中止;减弱to the letter 严格按照字句level off/out 达到稳定be liable for 有责任的,有义务的;be liable to 易受……影响的,易遭受或经历一些不好的事情或风险的at liberty 自由,随意lie in 在于take lying down 逆来顺受bring to life 使恢复知觉come to life 变得活跃,变得兴奋for life 终生,直到生命终结bring to light 发现,揭发come to light 暴露,被发现,众所周知in (the) light of 鉴于,基于……的考虑light up 点燃,照亮throw/cast light on/upon 使明白,阐明in line 成一直线,排成一行in line with 符合line up 排成行,排成列on line 排在队伍中(等候);在工作中,在运行中out of line 不成直线,不协调。

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