玛湖致密砾岩油藏水平井体积压裂技术探索与实践

2019年3月

第24卷第2期中国石油勘探

CHINA PETROLEUM EXPLORATION DOI. 10.3969/j .issn.l 672-7703.2019.02.013

玛湖致密砾岩油藏水平井体积压裂技术探索与实践

许江文I 李建民I 乌卩元月I 丁坤I 江洪2

（1中国石油新疆油田公司工程技术研究院，2中国石油新疆油田公司开发公司）

摘 要：玛湖油田致密砾岩油藏油气富集、开发潜力巨大，但成藏条件复杂、岩性致密、储层物性差、非均质性强、

砂体跨度大，压裂面临着起裂困难、裂缝复杂程度低、有效支撑难度大、稳产能力差等挑战。针对油藏地质特征与改 造难点，秉承“缝控储量”的理念，拓宽非常规油藏体积压裂认识，通过5年的探索与实践，集成了以细分切割为主

要特点的致密砾岩油藏水平井体积压裂技术系列。通过速钻桥塞分段、小裂缝间距分簇射孔、大排量逆混合注入相结

合，确保段内多簇裂缝高效起裂延展；组合加砂工艺与大液量滑溜水替代瓜尔胶入井相结合，在改善裂缝纵向及远端 支撑剂铺置效果、提高裂缝导流能力的同时，实现地层增能蓄能；从而实现了致密砾岩储层的体积改造，确保了压裂

改造的长期有效。该项技术目前已在玛湖全区的勘探、评价与产能建设领域推广应用，累计在11区块实施水平井86 井次，改造后水平井增产稳产效果显著提升，取得了玛湖致密砾岩油藏效益开发的突破，有效推动了玛湖油田的整体

开发和规模效益动用。

关键词：玛湖油田；致密砾岩油藏；水平井；细分切割体积压裂

中图分类号：TE357.1 文献标识码：A

Exploration and practice of volume fracturing tech no l ogy in horizontal well of

Mahu tight conglomerate reservoirs

Xu Jiangwen 1, Li Jianmin 1, Wu Yuanyue 1, Ding Kun 1, Jiang Hong 2

(1 Engineering Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company;

2 PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Development Company )

Abstract: Mahu tight conglomerate reservoirs have huge potential of tight oil resource and exploitation. Based on the complex reservoir ­

forming conditions, poor reservoirs property, strong heterogeneity and large sand body span, hydraulic fracturing in this area was facing serious challenges in fracture initiation and proppant placement. Annual production capacity of fractured wells were under expectation. According to the concept of "fracture-controlled reserves", series technologies of subdivision volume fracturing are integrated after 5 years of exploration. High-efficiency initiation and extension of multi-cluster fractures in one section are achieved by using drillability bridge plug segmented, small crack spacing cluster perforation and large displacement inverse mixing injection technologies. The effect of proppant placement and reservoir pressure are improved through multi-scale proppant adding method and increasing the dosage of slippery water to replace the guar gum. The series technologies have been widely applied in 11 blocks and 86 wells in Mahu, including exploration, evaluation and development area. For tight oil reservoir, the fracturing and producing effects have improved and economic development has been realized. Then, development of the total Mahu oilfield is effectively promoted.

Key words: Mahu oilfield,tight conglomerate reservoirs,horizontal well, subdivision volume fracturing technology

0引言

准鳴尔盆地玛湖凹陷是一个多层系成藏的大型富 坯凹陷。近年来，在二叠系、三叠系致密砾岩油藏勘 探不断获得突破，探明石油地质储量达5.2xl08t [H41o

目前主要开发玛北斜坡和玛西斜坡二叠系百口泉组致

密砾岩油藏，油藏埋深普遍大于3000m,以玛131井

区百口泉组油藏为代表的玛北斜坡致密砾岩油藏物性

差、非均质性强、砂体跨度大、油层分布特征差异大、

地层能量较弱；以玛18井区百口泉组油藏为代表的

基金项目：国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发” （2017ZX05070）。

第一作者简介：许江文（1967-），男，湖南祁东人，硕士，2002年毕业于西南石油大学，教授级高级工程师，现主要从事钻完井 技术研究及油气勘探工作。地址：新疆克拉玛依市胜利路87号中国石油新疆油田公司工程技术研究院，邮政编码：834000。E-mail ：

xujw@petrochina . com . cn

收稿日期：2018-09-20；修改日期：2019-01-11