中国文化概况 Chapter 3

It refers to literary works from the days before the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty.
Characteristic
It is virtually an unbroken strand enduring dynastic changes.
The Tang Poems（10 minutes）

The Complete Anthology of Tang Poems《全唐
诗》 The biggest-ever collection of Chinese poetry.

The development of poetry in the Tang Dynasty can be classified into four stages: Early Tang, High Tang, Mid Tang and late Tang
Works
The Book of Songs (《诗经》) and Poetry of the South (《楚辞》) are regarded as the two peaks of China’s earliest literary.
The Book of Songs《诗经》 (3 minutes)

学生课件展示 (30minutes)
课文讲解
1.
A Brief Introduction 2. Classical Literature 3. Great Writers of the 20th Century
Brief introduction (3 minutes)
Four main periods of Chinese literature development :
Three
sections:
Feng (folk ballads)
Ya (dynastic hymns) Song (sacrificial songs)
Guan-guan go the ospreys, On the islet in the river. The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady: For our prince a good mate she. Here long, there short, is the duckweed, To the left, to the right, borne about by the current. The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady: Waking and sleeping, he sought her. He sought her and found her not,
Classical: pre—late Qing Modern: 1840—May 4th, 1919 Revolutionary: 1919—1949 Contemporary: 1949—present

Classical Literature (47minutes)

Definition


Qu Yuan and His Masterpieces

Qu Yuan—the earliest
known famous Chinese poet

Masterpieces:
Ask Heaven《天问》 Nine Elegies《九章》
Sorrow after Departure《离骚》
What is it ? A collection of China’s 305 oldest poems from the Early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period; regarded as the earliest realistic literature in China.
The prose in the pre-Qin period includes historical
Historical prose

prose (历史散文) and philosophical prose (诸子散文).
The Book of History 《尚书》 Spring and Autumn Annals 《春秋》 Zuo’s Commentary 《左传》 Intrigues of the Warring States 《战国策》 Discourses of the States 《国语》 Lao Zi (Dao De Jing), Mo Zi, Mencius, Zhuang Zi,The Analects of Confleeping he thought about her.
Long he thought ; oh ! long and anxiously ;
On his side, on his back, he turned, and back again. Here long, there short, is the duckweed ; On the left, on the right, we gather it. The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady: With lutes, small and large, let us give her friendly welcome. Here long, there short, is the duckweed ; On the left, on the right, we cook and present it. The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady: With bells and drums let us show our delight in her.
Li Bai and his poems


Li Bai, the “Celestial Poet (诗仙)”, has long been regarded the greatest romantic poet in Chinese literature. In his poems, imagination, exaggeration, diction and sonorous rhythms are blended effortlessly.
Poetry of the South 《楚辞》 (2 minutes)
Poetry of the South is derived from the songs of the
southern state of Chu during the Warring States Period. It pioneered romanticism in Chinese poetry. The verse of Poetry of the South are freeer than those of The Book of Songs. It is not fixed to four characters per line, and the character of “xi” (兮) is often put in the middle or the end of some lines.
The Four Literary Eminences (初唐四杰)


Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Luo Binwang, and Lu Zhaolin Their poems, in a refined language, boast beautiful tonal patterns and rhyme schemes.
Southeast the Peacock Flies
Appreciating famous lines

唧唧复唧唧； 木兰当户织。 不闻机杼声； 唯闻女叹息。 …… ——《木兰诗》
Alack, alas! alack, alas! She weaves and sees the shuttle pass. You cannot hear the shuttle, why? Its whir is drowned in her deep sigh.
Nine Songs《九歌》
Appreciating famous lines
路漫漫其修远兮， 吾将上下而求索。
The journey is long, I’ll search up and down.
The Prose of the Pre-Qin Period (先秦子学) （5 minutes)
A Glimpse of Chinese Culture
Chapter 3
Literature
本章教学的目的


1. 中国文学史的基本发展脉络; 2. 中国文学史上的一些名著和现代名 作家的基本知识; 3. 文学作品中脍炙人口诗句的英文翻译。
本章教学的重难点



1. 古典文学发展脉络 2. 古代四大名著 3. 20世纪伟大作家 4. “网络文学”利弊讨论
A new genre
The stories recording spirits and anecdotes (志人志 怪小说)

Outstanding works of this period The Peach Blossom Spring 《桃花源记》
心雕龙》
The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons《文
本章教学的时间安排

教师课堂讲解（60 minutes） A Brief Introduction (3 minutes) Classical Literature (47minutes)