【英语】完形填空和阅读理解专题(含答案)

【英语】完形填空和阅读理解专题(含答案)
一、完形填空
1．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

There are lots of ideas about how to make bullying（恐吓） less at school. So far most schools have tried to 1 bullying by making more rules and letting teachers watch kids at break. But a school in New Zealand had done 2 , and bullying really went down.
The school took part in a study by the Auckland University of Technology and Otago University just over two years ago with a goal of 3 students play and be active. Students can play on the playground, climb trees or do just about whatever they want so long as it doesn't 4 anyone else. They may accidentally hurt 5 . But the school says that's OK, because students usually do just about whatever they like, and they are happy and have no interest in making 6 .
"The kids are active and 7 with their own activities. In my experience, the time children get into trouble is when they are not busy or creative. It's during that time they bully other kids,
or break 8 at school," said McLachlan.
The result of the study is that more rules aren't always 9 . Safety is important, but making lots of rules on what kids can do at 10 doesn't make for a fun playtime for everyone.
1. A. deal with B. come up with C. find out
2. A. quietly B. difficultly C. differently
3. A. asking B. seeing C. helping
4. A. answer B. hurt C. hear
5. A. myself B. ourselves C. themselves
6. A. trouble B. advice C. information
7. A. serious B. busy C. free
8. A. books B. windows C. rules
9. A. worse B. faster C. better
10. A. break B. class C. home
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）C；（10）A；
【解析】【分析】主要讲了新西兰的一所学校怎样让校园欺凌事件变得更少。

（1）句意：到目前为止，大多数学校都试图通过制定更多的规则和让老师在课间看管孩
子来应对欺凌。

A.处理；B.提出；C.发现。

大部分学校处理校园欺凌事件，故选A。

（2）句意：但新西兰的一所学校却采取了不同的做法，欺凌行为真地减少。

A.安静地；B.
困难地；C.不同地。

根据后文可知两年多前，该校参加了奥克兰理工大学和奥塔戈大学的
一项研究，目的是帮助学生玩耍和活跃。

，所以是不同地，故选C。

（3）句意：两年多前，该校参加了奥克兰理工大学和奥塔戈大学的一项研究，目的是帮
助学生玩耍和活跃。

A.问；B.看见；C.帮助。

帮助学生玩耍和活跃，help sb. do sth.帮助某
人做某事，固定搭配，故选C。

（4）句意：学生们可以在操场上玩耍、爬树或做任何他们想做的事，只要不伤害任何人A.回答；B.伤害；C.听见。

学生们只要不伤害其他人就可以做他们想做的任何事情，故选B。

（5）句意：他们可能意外地伤到自己。

A.我自己；B.我们自己；C.他们自己。

主语是they，所以用they的反身代词themselves，他们自己，故选C。

（6）句意：但是学校说没关系，因为学生们通常做他们喜欢做的事，他们很快乐，对制
造麻烦没有兴趣。

A.困境，麻烦；B.建议；C.信息。

学生们做自己喜欢的事情，所以对制造
麻烦没兴趣，make trouble制造麻烦，故选A。

（7）句意：孩子们是活跃的，忙于他们自己的活动。

A.严肃的；B.繁忙的；C.自由的。

学
生们忙于自己的事情，be busy with忙于......，固定搭配，故选B。

（8）句意：在那段时间里，他们欺负其他孩子，或者在学校违反规定。

A.书；B.窗户；C.
规则。

根据前句In my experience, the time children get into trouble is when they are not busy
or creative.可知学生们不忙时就会违反规定，即break rules，故选C。

（9）句意：研究的结果是规则越多越好。

A.更差；B.更快；C.更好。

否定词+比较级，表
示最高级，aren't better意思是最好的，故选C。

（10）句意：安全是很重要的，但是对孩子们在休息时能做什么制定很多规则并不能让每
个人都有一个有趣的玩耍时间。

A.休息；B.班级；C.家。

at break在休息时，固定搭配，故
选A。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺
单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

2．完形填空
Travelling has been 1 with people for a long time. Many of today's travellers are trying
to find 2 unusual experience or adventure. 3 may be a good choice.
Instead of 4 your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to
try hiking. Hiking is a great way to travel. You will get close to 5 and take exercise. You can see lots of flowers and grass at the same time. Hiking is easy to do and doesn't have to be very expensive. You can hike close to your home or travel to 6 places. The basic 7 you need for hiking is simple: good shoes, clothes and a backpack. You can hike in mountains, in a forest or along a river. If you go with your friends, you can have a chance to talk with them.
Hiking is fun and 8 , but you shouldn't forget safety. Safety is the first. Here are some basic tips for successful hiking:
Don't hike 9 . Bring water, a good map and a cellphone. Wear a hat to protect yourself 10 the sun.
1. A. popular B. famous C. interested D. proud
2. A. a B. an C. the D. two
3. A. Swimming B. Hiking C. Shopping D. Dancing
4. A. spending B. spend C. spends D. to spend
5. A. school B. store C. cinema D. nature
6. A. another B. the other C. other D. others
7. A. skill B. way C. knowledge D. equipment
8. A. bored B. boring C. excited D. exciting
9. A. together B. alone C. lonely D. busy
10. A. in B. at C. from D. to
【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）D；（8）D；（9）B；（10）C；
【解析】【分析】主要讲了旅行的一种好的方式——远足。

（1）句意：旅行一直受人们长时间的欢迎。

A.受欢迎的；B.著名的；C.有趣的；D.骄傲的。

旅行受人们欢迎，be popular with sb.受某人的欢迎，固定搭配，故选A。

（2）句意：今天的许多旅行者一直努力发现一个不同寻常的经历或者冒险。

experience or adventure是单数，并且表示一个，泛指，所以前面用a或an，所以不用two。

unusual以元音音素开头，所以用an，故选B。

（3）句意：远足可能是一个好的选择。

A.游泳；B.远足；C.购物；D.跳舞。

根据全文可知主要讲了远足，故选B。

（4）句意：而不是在公交车、旅馆里或者坐在沙滩上度过假期，你可能想尝试远足。

of 是介词，所以spend用spending，故选A。

（5）句意：你将接近自然，锻炼。

A.学校；B.商店；C.电影院；D.自然。

根据后句You can see lots of flowers and grass at the same time.你可以看见许多花和草，可知是接近自然，故选D。

（6）句意：你可以在你家附近远足或者去其他的地方。

A.另一个，后面接单数；B.两者中另一个，后面接单数；C.其他的，后面加可数名词复数；D.其他的人或者事物。

places是复数，所以用形容词other，故选C。

（7）句意：远足你需要的基本的装备是简单的：好的鞋、衣服和一个背包。

A.技巧；B.方法；C.知识；D.装备。

鞋、衣服、背包是装备，故选D。

（8）句意：远足是有趣的和令人兴奋的。

A.无聊的，修饰人；B.无聊的，修饰物；C.令人兴奋的，修饰人；D.令人兴奋的，修饰物。

远足是令人兴奋的，主语hiking是物，所以用exciting修饰，故选D。

（9）句意：不要独自远足。

A.一起；B.单独，副词；C.孤独的，形容词；D.繁忙的，形容词。

副词修饰实义动词，hike是实义动词，所以用副词，排除C、D。

根据常识可知不能独自单独远足，故选B。

（10）句意：戴上帽子保护你自己免受太阳的伤害。

protect sb. from sth.保护某人免受某物的伤害，固定搭配，故选C。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

3．阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

You often see people in movies celebrating a white Christmas in England or the United States. But Christmas in Australia is very different.
The holiday is on December 25. It 1 at the hottest time of the year in Australia. The temperature is usually about 30℃in most cities and can even be 2 40℃There is certainly no 3 Christmas in
Australia!
Because it is so hot, the tradition is to have a lunch outside and to 4 in the pool or beach. Most people have a one - week holiday during this time. So they will travel to meet their family for Christmas 5 Christmas lunch is usually a big meal of ham, turkey, salad and fresh seafood. Family members all cook 6 different to bring to the meal. 7 presents from "Santa Claus" always makes children very excited. They often play 8 with the other family members. The sport of cricket （板球） is very 9 in Australia and another tradition is to play a game of cricket in the garden.
It is still a very exciting and fun time of the year in Australia 10 there isn't a white Christmas.
1. A. gets B. makes C. comes D. goes
2. A. over B. below C. under D. between
3. A. red B. blue C. black D. white
4. A. drive B. swim C. fly D. cook
5. A. breakfast B. lunch C. dinner D. picnic
6. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
7. A. Borrowing B. Buying C. Getting D. Keeping
8. A. angrily B. luckily C. sadly D. happily
9. A. boring B. dangerous C. friendly D. popular
10. A. so B. though C. however D. because
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）B；（6）A；（7）C；（8）D；（9）D；（10）B；
【解析】【分析】主要讲了澳大利亚的圣诞节。

（1）句意：它出现在澳大利亚最炎热的时候。

A.得到；B.制作；C.来，出现；D.去。

根据
句意可知澳大利亚圣诞节出现在最炎热的时候，故选C。

（2）句意：温度甚至超过40摄氏度。

A.超过；B.在......以下；C.在......下面；D.在......之间。

根据前句可知温度通常在30摄氏度左右，所以有时甚至超过40摄氏度，故选A。

（3）句意：当然在澳大利亚圣诞节没有白色。

A.红色；B.蓝色；C.黑色；D.白色。

根据前
文You often see people in movies celebrating a white Christmas in England or the United States.
可知庆祝的是白色圣诞节，但是澳大利亚炎热，所以没有白色圣诞节，故选D。

（4）句意：传统是在外面吃午饭和在游泳池或者海滩里游泳。

A.开车；B.游泳；C.飞翔；D.做饭。

根据句意可知在游泳池里游泳，故选B。

（5）句意：所以他们将为了圣诞节午饭去和家人见面。

A.早饭；B.午饭；C.晚饭；D.野餐。

根据前文the tradition is to have a lunch outside可知是吃午饭，故选B。

（6）句意：家庭成员都做不同的东西带到饭菜上。

A.某事；B.任何事情；C.没事；D.每件
事情。

cook something different做一些不同的东西，故选A。

（7）句意：从圣诞老人那里得到礼物总是让孩子们非常兴奋。

A.借来；B.买；C.得到；D.
保持。

get...from...从......得到......，故选C。

（8）句意：他们经常和其他家庭成员快乐地玩耍。

A.生气地；B.幸运地；C.悲伤地；D.快
乐地。

根据后文可知孩子们是高兴的，故选D。

（9）句意：板球在澳大利亚是非常受欢迎的。

A.无聊的；B.危险的；C.友好的；D.受欢迎的。

根据常识可知澳大利亚的板球是受欢迎的，故选D。

（10）句意：尽管没有白色的圣诞节，但是在澳大利亚圣诞节仍然是一个非常令人兴奋和
有趣的时间。

A.所以；B.尽管；C.然而；D.因为。

根据句意可知尽管澳大利亚没有白色圣诞节，但是那里的圣诞节仍然是令人兴奋和有趣的，故选B。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺
单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

4．完形填空
When talking about inventors, who do you first think of? Forget Thomas Edison. Meet the teenage 1 at the 24th Jiangsu Adolescents Science &. Technology Innovation Contest（江
苏青少年科技创新大赛）.
Wang Xingyu, from Kunshan No. 2 Middle School, invented "a 2 line" in the zebra crossing. Wang often saw people running through
the red 3 , so he thought of an idea,
"I 4 a spray tube（喷管）in the zebra crossing. When the light is red and 5 crosses, it sprays water. If the light is 6 , it will not work," said Wang.
But does it 7 water? "There's a water channel（槽） on the ground, so the water will
be collected and 8 again," he said. Zong Hangchen, from Nantong Special Education Middle School, also got his invention idea from daily experience.
Zong's 9 could only feel a little light. When he walked on the sidewalk for the blind, he often came across obstacles（障碍物）. Once he 10 hurt his nose.
11 help himself and the blind, Zong made something that has radar（雷达） and a loudspeaker. Users tie radar onto their knees and 12 the loudspeaker around their necks. When they meet obstacles, the radar will see them and the loudspeaker will make a 13 to tell the users.
Chen Huijuan, an official from Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology, was
14 at these inventions.
15 some ideas are simple, the creations are very good," she said. "Get inspiration（灵感） from small things in life and you can be an, inventor, too.
1. A. scientists B. inventors C. heroes D. speakers
2. A. crowded B. dangerous C. safe D. public
3. A. book B. photo C. bottle D. light
4. A. put B. find C. get D. discover
5. A. somebody B. everybody C. none D. nobody
6. A. red B. yellow C. white D. green
7. A. save B. waste C. protect D. divide
8. A. heated B. ended C. washed D. used
9. A. mouth B. nose C. eyes D. ears
10. A. never B. even C. hardly D. usually
11. A. To B. With C. For D. In
12. A. buy B. sell C. wear D. make
13. A. noise B. sound C. voice D. shout
14. A. angry B. tired C. nervous D. surprised
15. A. Though B. But C. So D. Because
【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）A；（6）D；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）C；（13）B；（14）D；（15）A；
【解析】【分析】主要讲了江苏青少年科技创新大赛上王星宇和宗航晨根据日常生活需要制作的发明。

（1）句意：在第24届江苏青少年科技创新大赛上遇见了发明家。

A.科学家；B.发明家；
C.英雄；
D.说话者。

根据前句When talking about inventors可知谈论的是发明家，故选B。

（2）句意：来自昆山中学的王星宇发明了在人行道上的一条安全线。

A.拥挤的；B.危险的；C.安全的；D.公众的。

根据后文可知当行人闯红灯时会喷水，绿灯时不起作用，所以是安全的，故选C。

（3）句意：王经常看见人们闯红灯，所以他想起这个主意。

A.书；B.照片；C.瓶子；D.灯。

the red light红灯，故选D。

（4）句意：我在人行道上放了一个喷管。

A.放；B.发现；C.得到；D.发明。

把喷管放在人行道上，故选A。

（5）句意：当灯是红色的，有人穿过时，它喷水。

A.有人；B.每个人；C.没人；D.没人。

有人闯红灯时喷管会喷水，故选A。

（6）句意：如果灯是绿色的，它将不工作。

A.红色的；B.黄色的；C.白色的；D.绿色的。

灯是绿色时，行人可以通过人行道，故选D。

（7）句意：但是它浪费水吗？A.节约；B.浪费；C.保护；D.分开。

根据后句可知水被重新收集起来，所以问的是浪费水吗，故选B。

（8）句意：在地上有个水槽，所以水被收集起来，再次被使用。

A.加热；B.结束；C.洗手；D.使用。

水被收集起来，再次被使用，故选D。

（9）句意：宗的眼睛仅仅感受到一点光。

A.嘴巴；B.鼻子；C.眼睛；D.耳朵。

用眼睛感受光，故选C。

（10）句意：一次甚至他伤到他的鼻子。

A.从不；B.甚至；C.几乎不；D.通常。

在人行道上走时，宗经常遇到障碍物，甚至伤到了鼻子，故选B。

（11）句意：为了帮助自己和盲人，宗制作了有雷达和扩音器的东西。

制作东西的目的是帮助自己和盲人，所以用to do不定式表目的，故选A。

（12）句意：使用者把雷达系在他们的膝盖上，把扩音器穿戴在脖子周围。

A.买；B.卖；C.穿戴；D.制作。

把扩音器戴在脖子上，故选C。

（13）句意：当他们遇到障碍物时，雷达将看见它们，扩音器将发出声音告诉使用者。

A.
噪音；B.声音；C.嗓音；D.喊叫。

make a sound，制造声音，固定搭配，故选B。

（14）句意：来自江苏科学和技术协会的陈慧娟对这些发明感到惊讶。

A.生气的；B.疲劳的；C.紧张的；D.惊讶的。

be surprised at，对……感到惊讶，固定搭配，故选D。

（15）句意：尽管一些观点是简单的，但是创造是非常好的。

A.尽管；B.但是；C.所以；D.
因为。

虽然想法简单，但是发明是好的，故选A。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺
单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

5．阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

My kids and I decided to go to the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we saw a man holding a piece of paper that said, " 1 my job. Family to feed."
At this store, a 2 like this was not normal. My 10-year-old kid noticed him and said it must be awful to have to stand 3 in the cold wind.
In the store, I asked each of my kids to 4 something they thought our "friend" there would appreciate（感激）. They got 5 , a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old kid suggested giving him a 6 . All the other kids and I thought it was a good idea.
When we handed him the bag of 7 , he lit up and thanked us with watery 8 . When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 9 his family might need, he burst into tears.
This has been a wonderful 10 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 11 ! Things would have played out so 12 if I had simply said, "No,
we really don't have 13 to give more. "Stepping out not only helped a father in 14 , it also gave my kids the 15 taste of helping others. It'll go a long way with them.
1. A. Lost B. Changed C. Found D. Finished
2. A. condition B. place C. sight D. show
3. A. outside B. proudly C. straight D. angrily
4. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick
5. A. hooks B. pencils C. apples D. bags
6. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card
7. A. toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes
8. A. hair B. eyes C. hands D. legs
9. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
10. A. experience B. example C. message D. trip
11. A. believe B. respect C. understand D. help
12. A. suddenly B. clearly C. differently D. perfectly
13. A. time B. power C. energy D. money
14. A. fear B. love C. need D. memory
15. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）D；（7）C；（8）B；（9）
B；（10）A；（11）D；（12）C；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B；
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。

通过这次经历，作者诠释了“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”的真谛。

（1）句意：失业了，还需要抚养家人。

根据后面的“Family to Feed.”可以推断出，这位男子失业了，同时还需要抚养家人，所以他上街乞讨，lose one's job为固定短语，失业，故选A。

（2）句意：在商店里，像这样的情景并不正常。

condition“条件，环境”；place“地方”；sight “景象，情景”；show“展览,表演”，根据we saw a man holding a piece of paper我们看见一个人拿着一张纸可知是一种景象，故选C。

（3）句意：我10岁的孩子注意到了他并且说在寒风中站着一定很糟糕。

outside 外面；proudly 自豪地；straight，直接地；angrily生气地。

根据前面的“how bad”以及后面的“in the cold wind”可知，这名男子是站在外面进行乞讨的，故选A。

（4）句意：进入商店后，我让每个孩子挑选他们觉得我们的这位“朋友”最可能感激的东西。

draw画；say 说；arrange安排；pick挑选，选择。

根据In the store可知在商店里是挑选东西，故选D。

（5）句意：他们挑了一个苹果，一个三明治和一瓶果汁。

A钩子，B铅笔，C苹果，D袋子，根据Family to Feed可知需要吃的东西，故是苹果，故选C。

（6）句意：我17岁的孩子建议送给乞讨的男子一张礼物卡。

A美金，B工作，C热饭，D 礼物卡，根据I handed him the gift card可知是礼物卡，故选D。

（7）句意：当我们将这袋食品递给这个人时，他眼含泪水向我们表示感谢。

A玩具，B药品，C食物，D衣服，根据一个苹果，一个三明治和一瓶果汁可知是食物，故选C。

（8）句意：当我们将这袋食品递给这个人时，他眼含泪水向我们表示感谢。

A头发，B眼睛，C手，D腿，根据watery，湿润的，水汪汪的，可知是眼睛，表示那个那人要哭了，故选B。

（9）句意：当我把礼品卡递给他，说他可以用它来满足家人的需求时，他突然哭了起来。

此处是宾语从句，表示泛指，指代物故用whatever，故选B。

（10）句意：这对我们家是一次非常棒的经历。

experience经历；example例子；message 口信；trip旅行，帮助别人是一种经历，故选A。

（11）句意：孩子们一连好几天到处寻找他们能够帮助的人。

A相信，B尊敬，C懂得，D 帮助，根据helped a father可知是帮助，故选D。

（12）句意：如果我当时告诉孩子们“不，我们没有钱去帮助更多的人”事情可能会完全不同。

suddenly突然；clearly清楚地；differently不同地；perfectly完美地。

此处是假设，对比前后的区别，故是不同，故选C。

（13）句意：如果我当时告诉孩子们不，我们没有钱去帮助更多的人”事情可能会完全不同。

time时间；power权力，energy能量；money金钱。

根据常理可知,帮助乞讨的人主要需要付出金钱，而不是时间、能力或耐心，所以此处应选money，故选D。

（14）句意：走出家门不仅帮助了一个需要帮助的父亲，也让我的孩子尝到了帮助别人的甜头。

综合前文所叙述的经历可知，我和孩子们帮助了一位处于困境中的人。

in need为固定短语，意思是“；处于困境中”，故选C。

（15）句意：走出家门不仅帮助了一个需要帮助的父亲，也让我的孩子尝到了帮助别人的甜头。

strong强有力的；sweet 甜蜜的；strange奇怪的；simple简单的。

作者与孩子们的这一善举让他们品尝到了帮助别人的甜蜜，正所谓“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”，故选B。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

二、阅读理解
6．阅读理解
Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers or sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.
It is important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking to each other on the phone. The communication is very important in children's growth, because friends can discuss some things that are difficult to say to their family members.
However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.
Have you ever thought of the following questions?
Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents don't like? Your answers are welcome.
（1）Many teenagers think that can understand them better.
A. friends
B. brothers
C. sisters
D. parents
（2） is very important to teenagers.
A. To make children choose friends
B. Communicating with their friends
C. To stop making friends
D. Making phone calls
（3）When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually .
A. stay alone at home
B. fight with their parents
C. discuss with their friends
D. go to their brothers or sisters for help
（4）The underlined sentence "Your answers are welcome." means" ".
A. You are welcome to discuss the questions with us.
B. Your answers are always right.
C. We've got no idea, so your answers are welcome.
D. You can give us all the right answers.【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多青少年认为他们生活中最重要的人是他们的朋友。

他们相信他们的家人不像他们的朋友那样了解他们。

在大家庭里，兄弟姐妹经常互相打架，然后他们只能去朋友那里寻求一些想法。

对青少年来说，有一个好朋友或一群朋友是很重要
的。

即使他们没有和朋友在一起，他们也经常花很多时间打电话。

交流他们的感受。

然而，父母往往会为孩子选择朋友。

有些父母甚至可能阻止他们的孩子去见他们的好朋友。

你想过下列问题吗？谁选择你的朋友？你选择你的朋友还是你的朋友选择你？你有父母不喜欢的好朋友吗？欢迎回答。

（1）细节理解题，根据They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do.可知，年轻人认为朋友们能更好的理解他们，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据The communication is very important in children's growth,可知，对于年轻人来说，与朋友交流时很重要的，故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据friends can discuss some things that are difficult to say to their family members.可知，年轻人跟自己的朋友谈一些难以对父母讨论的问题，故答案是C。

（4）句意猜测题，根据短文内容可知，本句话的意思是我们欢迎你的回答来讨论这些问题，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题和句意猜测提。

细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；句意猜测题则需要结合前后文来理解句子深层次的意思。

7．阅读理解
Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist, began by training his daughter. And when she competed successfully abroad, he set up the team. It is the world's most unlikely sporting team, because the sport breaks taboos in a country where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.
The head coach faces frequent threats and the girls' families do not always approve "If it's not their fathers trying to stop them, it's a brother or uncle."
Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father. "They will never come in front of us to say ‘Why are you cycling?', but they say bad words to our father," she said. His team have, however, competed and won regionally against Bangladesh and Pakistan.
"We want to go cycling because we want to be heroes one day," said 16-year-old Jella, one of the latest riders. In one of the mildest and driest winters for many years, training has gone on without stopping. And next spring, the girls will go up into the mountains. "We say that women should not sit at home, they need to come out and do sports," said Abdul Sadiq, And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day. "It's my ambition, and I hope that one day girls will be allowed to go cycling on the streets, not having a coach, or anyone with them, and they will not have problems," she said.
（1）What does Abdul Sadiq do?
A. A teacher.
B. A cyclist.
C. A reporter.
D. A driver.（2）What does the underlined word "taboos" mean in Chinese?
A. 禁忌
B. 警告
C. 符号
D. 风俗（3）From the third paragraph, we can know
A. Massouma and Zarab's parents approve of their joining the team
B. Massouma and Zarab's uncles are against their cycling
C. Massouma and Zarab don't want to join the team
D. Massouma and Zarab are both very old
（4）What was Zainab's dream?
A. Her mother approving her cycling.
B. Going cycling alone on the street.
C. Joining the team.
D. Winning against Bangladesh and Pakistan.
（5）Where may you see the passage?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a fashion magazine.
C. In a travel guide book.
D. In a sports newspaper.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，他从训练女儿开始。

当她在国外比赛成功时，他组建了这个队。

这是世界上最不可能的运动队，因为这项运动打破了许多传统社区禁止妇女出门的禁忌。

（1）细节题。

根据Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist可知阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.可知许多传统社区禁止妇女出门，所以是打破了禁忌，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father.可知Massouma和Zarab的叔叔反对他们骑自行车，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day.可知Zainab希望一天独自在街上骑自行车，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据全文可知与骑自行车有关，所以在体育报纸上看到，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解
These days haze（雾霾）is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner.
Transport is one of the biggest contributors（促成物） to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO2, from going into the atmosphere.
Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放）. Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car's
emissions by half.
What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money.
A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs.
（1）Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze?
A. City cleaners.
B. Haze producers.
C. Local governments.
D. Common people.（2）We can infer（推断） from the passage that the writer thinks .
A. cars can be used only when people have to
B. cars should be given up as soon as possible
C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution
D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all
（3）We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because .
A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy
B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet
C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced
D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air
（4）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us
B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze
C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life
D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。

（1）细节题。

结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。

因此，作者认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用，故选D。

（2）推断题。

由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。

因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车，故选A。

（3）细节题。

结合第五段第一句A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物。