跨度 24m梯形钢屋架设计
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F=(1.35×2.584+1.4×0.7×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×60=46.593 kN
2)全跨静荷载和(左)半跨活荷
1由可变荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.2,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
全垮节点永久荷载
F1=(1.2×2.584)×1.5×6=27.9072kN
=706.82×103/(28.2×102)=250.65N/ < f(满足)
=l / i =300/2.3=130.43<[ ]=350(满足)
=l / i =1185/5.97=198.49<[ ]=350(满足)
故下弦杆采用2 125×80×7短肢相并
3)腹杆
①、aB杆
N =-413.28KN,l = l =l=253.5cm
24m钢结构开始设计
1、设计资料
1)某厂房跨度为24m,总长90m,柱距6m,屋架下弦标高为18m。
2)屋架铰支于钢筋混凝土柱顶,上45柱截面400×400,混凝土强度等级为C30。
3)屋面采用1.5×6m的预应力钢筋混凝土大型屋面板。(屋面板不考虑作为支撑用)。
4)该车间所属地区为北京市
5)采用梯形钢屋架
=l / i =311.9/2.62=119.05<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=5.6/0.5=11.2<0.58 l /b=0.58×311.9/5.6=32.3,则
= (1+0.475b / l )=119.05×(1+0.475×5.6 /311.9 ×0.5 )=121.34
由于由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.235
⑥、Fg杆
+ 58.58KN按压杆进行计算:
N =l =0.8L=0.8×311.9=249.5cm, l =L=311.9cm
-5.31KN
选用2 56×5
A=2×5.42=10.84 cm ,i =1.72cm,i =2.62cm
=l / i =249.5/1.72=145.1<[ ]=150(满足)
选用2 63×5
A=2×6.14=12.28 cm ,i =1.94cm,i =2.89cm
=l / i =271.7/1.94=140.1<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =339.6/2.89=117.51<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=6.3/0.5=12.6<0.58 l /b=0.58×339.6/6.3=31.26,则
端部高度取H=1990mm,中部高度取H=3190mm(约1/7。4)。屋架几何尺寸如图1所示:
图1:24米跨屋架几何尺寸
3、支撑布置
由于房屋长度有90米,故在房屋两端及中间设置上、下横向水平支撑和屋架两端及跨中三处设置垂直支撑。其他屋架则在垂直支撑处分别于上、下弦设置三道系杆,其中屋脊和两支座处为刚性系杆,其余三道为柔性系杆。(如图2所示)
故上弦杆采用2 125×80×10截面形式
2)下弦杆
整个下弦杆采用等截面,按最大内力N =706.82KN计算
l =300cm l =2370/2=1185cm,
A =N/f=706.82×1000/(310×100)=22.80 cm
由附表9选2 125×80×7短肢相并
A=2×14.1=28.2 cm ,i =2.3cm,i =5.97cm
A=2×11.5=23 cm ,i =2.28cm,i =3.42cm
=l / i =250.3/2.28=109.79<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =312.9/3.42=91.49<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=75/8=9.375<0.58 l /b=0.58×285.9/7.5=22.11,则
由附表9选2 125×80×10,短肢相并,如下图所示,
A=2×19.71=39.42 cm 、i =2.26cm、i =6.04cm
截面验算: =l / i =150.8/2.26=66.7<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =301.6/6.04=49.9<[ ]=150(满足)
双角钢T形截面绕对称轴(y轴)应按弯扭屈曲计算长细比
N =320.56KN, l =0.8L=0.8*260.8=208.6cm, l =L=260.8cm
选用2 75×8
A=2×11.5=23 cm ,i =2.28cm,i =3.42cm
=l / i =208.6/2.28=91.51<[ ]=350(满足)
=l / i =260.8/3.42=76.26<[ ]=350(满足)
考虑静载:①预应力钢筋混凝土屋面板(包括嵌缝)、②二毡三油加绿豆沙、③找平层2cm厚、④支撑重量
考虑活载:活载(雪荷载)积灰荷载
6)钢材选用Q345钢,焊条为E50型。
2、屋架形式和几何尺寸
屋面材料为大型屋面板,故采用无檩体系平破梯形屋架。屋面坡度
i=(3040-1990)/10500=1/10;
屋架计算跨度L0=24000-300=23700mm;
半垮节点可变荷载
F2=(1.4×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×6=17.892kN
2由永久荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.35,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4、ψ1=0.7,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
全垮节点永久荷载
F1=(1.35×2.55)×1.5×6=31.347 kN
由于N 上的力都不大,选用的2 63×5可以满足力的要求
⑧、Hi杆
-71.51KN按压杆进行计算:
N =l =0.8L=0.8×337=269.6cm, l =L=337cm
27.24KN
选用2 63×5
A=2×6.14=12.28 cm ,i =1.94cm,i =2.89cm
=l / i =269.6/1.94=138.97<[ ]=150(满足)
全跨屋架和支撑自重
F3=1.35×0.384×1.5×6=4.617kN
半跨屋面板自重及半跨活荷载
F4=(1.35×1.4+1.4×0.7×0.7)×1.5×6=23.184kN
5﹑屋架杆件内力计算
见附表1
6﹑选择杆件截面
按腹杆最大内力N =-413.28KN,查表7.6,选中间节点板厚度为8mm,支座节点板厚度10mm。
选用2 110×70×8长肢相并
查附表9得:
A=2×13.94=27.88 cm , i =3.51cm,i =2.85cm
=l / i =253.5/3.51=72.2<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =253.5/2.85=88.9<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b /t=7/0.8=8.75<0.48 l / b =0.48*253.5/7=17.38
4、屋架节点荷载
屋面坡度较小,故对所有荷载均按水平投影面计算:
荷载计算表
荷载名称
标准值(KN/m^2)
预应力钢筋混泥土屋面板
1.4
二毡三油加绿豆沙
0.4
找平层2cm厚
0.4
屋架及支撑重量
0.12+0.011×24=0.384
永久荷载总和
2.58
屋面活载(大于雪荷载)
0.7
可变荷载总和
0.7
计算屋架时考虑下列三种荷载组合情况
半垮节点可变荷载
F2=(1.4×0.7×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×6=31.347kN
故应取P=46.23kN
3)全跨屋架和支撑自重、(左)半跨屋面板荷载、(左)半跨活荷载+集灰荷载
1由可变荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.2,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
按式 = [1+(1.09 b )/(l )]
=88.9×[1+1.09×7 /(253.5 ×0.8 ) ]=94
> ,由 查附表1.2得 =0.472
则 413.28×1000/(0.472*27.88*100)=314.058N/ < f(满足)
故Ab杆采用2 110×70×8长肢相并
②、Bc杆
全跨屋架和支撑自重
F3=1.2×0.384×1.5×6=4.4172Kn
半跨屋面板自重及半跨活荷载
F4=(1.2×1.4+0.7×1.4)×1.5×6=23.94kN
2由永久荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.35,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4、ψ1=0.7,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
=l / i =285.9/3.42=83.60<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=75/8=9.375<0.58 l /b=0.58×285.9/7.5=22.11,则
= (1+0.475b / l )=83.6×(1+0.475×7.5 /285.9 ×0.8 )=86
由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.430
=320.56×1000/(23×100)=139.37N/ <f(满足)
③、cD杆
N =-253.47KN,l =0.8L=0.8×285.9=228.72cm, l =L=285.9cm
选用2 75×8
A=2×11.5=23 cm ,i =2.28cm,i =3.42cm
=l / i =228.72/2.28=100.32<[ ]=150(满足)
= (1+0.475b / l )=91.49×(1+0.475×7.5 /312.9 ×0.8 )= 93.68
由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.375
=114.62×103/(0.375×23×102)=132.89 N/ <f(满足)
=5.1×103/(23×102)=2.22 N/ <f(满足)
1)满载(全跨静荷载加全跨活荷载)
节点荷载
1由可变荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.2,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9,则节点荷载设计值为
F=(1.2×2.584+1.4×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×6=45.7992kN
2由永久荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.35,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4、ψ1=0.7,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9,则节点荷载设计值为
1)上弦杆
整个上弦杆采用等截面,按最大内力N =-711.01KN计算
在屋架平面内:为节间轴线长度,即l =l。=150.8cm,
l =301.6cm
=0.659A =N/ f=711010/(0.659×310×100)=34.803cm
假定 =70i =l / =150.8/70=2.54cm
i =l / =301.6/70=5.08cm
=58.58×1000/(10.84×100)=54.04N/ <f(满足)
=5.31×1000/(0.235*10.84×100)=20.84N/ <f(满足)
⑦、gH杆
+36.03KN按压杆进行计算:
N =l =0.8L=0.8×339.6=271.7cm, l =L=339.6cm
-35.38KN
= (1+0.475b / l )=117.51×(1+0.475×6.3 /339.6 ×0.5 )=120.56
由于由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.250
=36.03×Baidu Nhomakorabea000/(12.28×100)=29.34 N/ <f(满足)
=35.38×1000/(0.25×12.28×100)=115.24N/ <f(满足)
=l / i =285.9/2.62=109.12<[ ]=350(满足)
=172.39×1000/(10.84×100)=159.03 N/ <f(满足)
⑤、eF杆
-114.62
N =按压杆进行计算:
5.1
l =0.8L=0.8×312.9=250.3cm, l =L=312.9cm
选用2 75×8
=253.47×1000/(0.411*23×100)=268.14N/ <f(满足)
④、De杆
N =172.39KN, l =0.8L=0.8*285.9=228.72cm, l =L=285.9cm
选用2 56*5
A=2×5.42=10.84 cm ,i =1.72cm,i =2.62cm
=l / i =228.7/1.72=132.98<[ ]=350(满足)
b /t=12.5/1.0=12.5>0.56 l / b =0.56×301.6/12.5=13.51,则:
=3.7 *b /t(1+ l /52.7 b1 )=3.7×14(1+301.6 ×0.8 /52.7×12.5 )=54.1〈
故由 = =66.7查附表1.2得 =0.686
由N/ A=711.01×1000/(0.686×39.42×100)=262.93N/ <f(满足)
2)全跨静荷载和(左)半跨活荷
1由可变荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.2,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
全垮节点永久荷载
F1=(1.2×2.584)×1.5×6=27.9072kN
=706.82×103/(28.2×102)=250.65N/ < f(满足)
=l / i =300/2.3=130.43<[ ]=350(满足)
=l / i =1185/5.97=198.49<[ ]=350(满足)
故下弦杆采用2 125×80×7短肢相并
3)腹杆
①、aB杆
N =-413.28KN,l = l =l=253.5cm
24m钢结构开始设计
1、设计资料
1)某厂房跨度为24m,总长90m,柱距6m,屋架下弦标高为18m。
2)屋架铰支于钢筋混凝土柱顶,上45柱截面400×400,混凝土强度等级为C30。
3)屋面采用1.5×6m的预应力钢筋混凝土大型屋面板。(屋面板不考虑作为支撑用)。
4)该车间所属地区为北京市
5)采用梯形钢屋架
=l / i =311.9/2.62=119.05<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=5.6/0.5=11.2<0.58 l /b=0.58×311.9/5.6=32.3,则
= (1+0.475b / l )=119.05×(1+0.475×5.6 /311.9 ×0.5 )=121.34
由于由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.235
⑥、Fg杆
+ 58.58KN按压杆进行计算:
N =l =0.8L=0.8×311.9=249.5cm, l =L=311.9cm
-5.31KN
选用2 56×5
A=2×5.42=10.84 cm ,i =1.72cm,i =2.62cm
=l / i =249.5/1.72=145.1<[ ]=150(满足)
选用2 63×5
A=2×6.14=12.28 cm ,i =1.94cm,i =2.89cm
=l / i =271.7/1.94=140.1<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =339.6/2.89=117.51<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=6.3/0.5=12.6<0.58 l /b=0.58×339.6/6.3=31.26,则
端部高度取H=1990mm,中部高度取H=3190mm(约1/7。4)。屋架几何尺寸如图1所示:
图1:24米跨屋架几何尺寸
3、支撑布置
由于房屋长度有90米,故在房屋两端及中间设置上、下横向水平支撑和屋架两端及跨中三处设置垂直支撑。其他屋架则在垂直支撑处分别于上、下弦设置三道系杆,其中屋脊和两支座处为刚性系杆,其余三道为柔性系杆。(如图2所示)
故上弦杆采用2 125×80×10截面形式
2)下弦杆
整个下弦杆采用等截面,按最大内力N =706.82KN计算
l =300cm l =2370/2=1185cm,
A =N/f=706.82×1000/(310×100)=22.80 cm
由附表9选2 125×80×7短肢相并
A=2×14.1=28.2 cm ,i =2.3cm,i =5.97cm
A=2×11.5=23 cm ,i =2.28cm,i =3.42cm
=l / i =250.3/2.28=109.79<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =312.9/3.42=91.49<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=75/8=9.375<0.58 l /b=0.58×285.9/7.5=22.11,则
由附表9选2 125×80×10,短肢相并,如下图所示,
A=2×19.71=39.42 cm 、i =2.26cm、i =6.04cm
截面验算: =l / i =150.8/2.26=66.7<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =301.6/6.04=49.9<[ ]=150(满足)
双角钢T形截面绕对称轴(y轴)应按弯扭屈曲计算长细比
N =320.56KN, l =0.8L=0.8*260.8=208.6cm, l =L=260.8cm
选用2 75×8
A=2×11.5=23 cm ,i =2.28cm,i =3.42cm
=l / i =208.6/2.28=91.51<[ ]=350(满足)
=l / i =260.8/3.42=76.26<[ ]=350(满足)
考虑静载:①预应力钢筋混凝土屋面板(包括嵌缝)、②二毡三油加绿豆沙、③找平层2cm厚、④支撑重量
考虑活载:活载(雪荷载)积灰荷载
6)钢材选用Q345钢,焊条为E50型。
2、屋架形式和几何尺寸
屋面材料为大型屋面板,故采用无檩体系平破梯形屋架。屋面坡度
i=(3040-1990)/10500=1/10;
屋架计算跨度L0=24000-300=23700mm;
半垮节点可变荷载
F2=(1.4×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×6=17.892kN
2由永久荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.35,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4、ψ1=0.7,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
全垮节点永久荷载
F1=(1.35×2.55)×1.5×6=31.347 kN
由于N 上的力都不大,选用的2 63×5可以满足力的要求
⑧、Hi杆
-71.51KN按压杆进行计算:
N =l =0.8L=0.8×337=269.6cm, l =L=337cm
27.24KN
选用2 63×5
A=2×6.14=12.28 cm ,i =1.94cm,i =2.89cm
=l / i =269.6/1.94=138.97<[ ]=150(满足)
全跨屋架和支撑自重
F3=1.35×0.384×1.5×6=4.617kN
半跨屋面板自重及半跨活荷载
F4=(1.35×1.4+1.4×0.7×0.7)×1.5×6=23.184kN
5﹑屋架杆件内力计算
见附表1
6﹑选择杆件截面
按腹杆最大内力N =-413.28KN,查表7.6,选中间节点板厚度为8mm,支座节点板厚度10mm。
选用2 110×70×8长肢相并
查附表9得:
A=2×13.94=27.88 cm , i =3.51cm,i =2.85cm
=l / i =253.5/3.51=72.2<[ ]=150(满足)
=l / i =253.5/2.85=88.9<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b /t=7/0.8=8.75<0.48 l / b =0.48*253.5/7=17.38
4、屋架节点荷载
屋面坡度较小,故对所有荷载均按水平投影面计算:
荷载计算表
荷载名称
标准值(KN/m^2)
预应力钢筋混泥土屋面板
1.4
二毡三油加绿豆沙
0.4
找平层2cm厚
0.4
屋架及支撑重量
0.12+0.011×24=0.384
永久荷载总和
2.58
屋面活载(大于雪荷载)
0.7
可变荷载总和
0.7
计算屋架时考虑下列三种荷载组合情况
半垮节点可变荷载
F2=(1.4×0.7×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×6=31.347kN
故应取P=46.23kN
3)全跨屋架和支撑自重、(左)半跨屋面板荷载、(左)半跨活荷载+集灰荷载
1由可变荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.2,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
按式 = [1+(1.09 b )/(l )]
=88.9×[1+1.09×7 /(253.5 ×0.8 ) ]=94
> ,由 查附表1.2得 =0.472
则 413.28×1000/(0.472*27.88*100)=314.058N/ < f(满足)
故Ab杆采用2 110×70×8长肢相并
②、Bc杆
全跨屋架和支撑自重
F3=1.2×0.384×1.5×6=4.4172Kn
半跨屋面板自重及半跨活荷载
F4=(1.2×1.4+0.7×1.4)×1.5×6=23.94kN
2由永久荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.35,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4、ψ1=0.7,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9
=l / i =285.9/3.42=83.60<[ ]=150(满足)
因为b/t=75/8=9.375<0.58 l /b=0.58×285.9/7.5=22.11,则
= (1+0.475b / l )=83.6×(1+0.475×7.5 /285.9 ×0.8 )=86
由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.430
=320.56×1000/(23×100)=139.37N/ <f(满足)
③、cD杆
N =-253.47KN,l =0.8L=0.8×285.9=228.72cm, l =L=285.9cm
选用2 75×8
A=2×11.5=23 cm ,i =2.28cm,i =3.42cm
=l / i =228.72/2.28=100.32<[ ]=150(满足)
= (1+0.475b / l )=91.49×(1+0.475×7.5 /312.9 ×0.8 )= 93.68
由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.375
=114.62×103/(0.375×23×102)=132.89 N/ <f(满足)
=5.1×103/(23×102)=2.22 N/ <f(满足)
1)满载(全跨静荷载加全跨活荷载)
节点荷载
1由可变荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.2,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9,则节点荷载设计值为
F=(1.2×2.584+1.4×0.70+1.4×0.9×0.80)×1.5×6=45.7992kN
2由永久荷载效应控制的组合计算:取永久荷载γG=1.35,屋面活荷载γQ1=1.4、ψ1=0.7,屋面集灰荷载γQ2=1.4,ψ2=0.9,则节点荷载设计值为
1)上弦杆
整个上弦杆采用等截面,按最大内力N =-711.01KN计算
在屋架平面内:为节间轴线长度,即l =l。=150.8cm,
l =301.6cm
=0.659A =N/ f=711010/(0.659×310×100)=34.803cm
假定 =70i =l / =150.8/70=2.54cm
i =l / =301.6/70=5.08cm
=58.58×1000/(10.84×100)=54.04N/ <f(满足)
=5.31×1000/(0.235*10.84×100)=20.84N/ <f(满足)
⑦、gH杆
+36.03KN按压杆进行计算:
N =l =0.8L=0.8×339.6=271.7cm, l =L=339.6cm
-35.38KN
= (1+0.475b / l )=117.51×(1+0.475×6.3 /339.6 ×0.5 )=120.56
由于由于 > ,则由 查附表1.2得 =0.250
=36.03×Baidu Nhomakorabea000/(12.28×100)=29.34 N/ <f(满足)
=35.38×1000/(0.25×12.28×100)=115.24N/ <f(满足)
=l / i =285.9/2.62=109.12<[ ]=350(满足)
=172.39×1000/(10.84×100)=159.03 N/ <f(满足)
⑤、eF杆
-114.62
N =按压杆进行计算:
5.1
l =0.8L=0.8×312.9=250.3cm, l =L=312.9cm
选用2 75×8
=253.47×1000/(0.411*23×100)=268.14N/ <f(满足)
④、De杆
N =172.39KN, l =0.8L=0.8*285.9=228.72cm, l =L=285.9cm
选用2 56*5
A=2×5.42=10.84 cm ,i =1.72cm,i =2.62cm
=l / i =228.7/1.72=132.98<[ ]=350(满足)
b /t=12.5/1.0=12.5>0.56 l / b =0.56×301.6/12.5=13.51,则:
=3.7 *b /t(1+ l /52.7 b1 )=3.7×14(1+301.6 ×0.8 /52.7×12.5 )=54.1〈
故由 = =66.7查附表1.2得 =0.686
由N/ A=711.01×1000/(0.686×39.42×100)=262.93N/ <f(满足)