科技论文写作常用讲义英语词汇
准确表达科技英语词汇大全
准确表达科技英语词汇大全科技英语词汇在当今社会的发展中扮演着重要的角色。
它涵盖了各个领域的专业术语，包括信息技术、生物技术、工程技术等等。
准确地表达科技英语词汇不仅有助于专业交流，还能使我们更好地理解和应用科技创新。
本文将为您提供一份科技英语词汇大全，旨在帮助您准确表达科技领域的各种概念和专业术语。
一. 信息技术1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能2. Big Data - 大数据3. Cloud Computing - 云计算4. Cybersecurity - 网络安全5. Internet of Things (IoT) - 物联网6. Machine Learning - 机器学习7. Augmented Reality (AR) - 增强现实8. Virtual Reality (VR) - 虚拟现实9. Blockchain - 区块链10. Cryptocurrency - 加密货币二. 生物技术1. Genetic Engineering - 基因工程2. DNA Sequencing - DNA测序3. Gene Therapy - 基因治疗4. Cloning - 克隆5. Stem Cells - 干细胞6. Biotechnology - 生物技术7. Genome Editing - 基因组编辑8. Genetic Modification - 基因修饰9. Bioinformatics - 生物信息学10. Bioprocessing - 生物加工三. 工程技术1. Renewable Energy - 可再生能源2. Robotics - 机器人技术3. Artificial Neural Networks - 人工神经网络4. Nanotechnology - 纳米技术5. 3D Printing - 3D打印技术6. Internet of Things (IoT) - 物联网7. Aerospace Engineering - 航空航天工程8. Civil Engineering - 土木工程9. Mechanical Engineering - 机械工程10. Chemical Engineering - 化学工程四. 医疗技术1. Telemedicine - 远程医疗2. Medical Imaging - 医学影像学3. Artificial Organs - 人工器官4. Biomedical Engineering - 生物医学工程5. Telehealth - 远程健康6. Medical Robotics - 医疗机器人7. Precision Medicine - 精准医学8. Bioinformatics - 生物信息学9. Health Information Technology - 健康信息技术10. Medical Devices - 医疗器械五. 计算机科学1. Programming - 编程2. Data Structures - 数据结构3. Algorithms - 算法4. Software Development - 软件开发5. Network Security - 网络安全6. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能7. Machine Learning - 机器学习8. Computer Graphics - 计算机图形学9. Data Mining - 数据挖掘10. Computer Vision - 计算机视觉六. 电子工程1. Circuit - 电路2. Microcontroller - 微控制器3. Semiconductor - 半导体4. Integrated Circuits - 集成电路5. Signal Processing - 信号处理6. Power Electronics - 电力电子学7. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) - 数字信号处理8. Analog Electronics - 模拟电子学9. Electronic Components - 电子元器件10. PCB Design - PCB设计以上是一份科技英语词汇大全，涵盖了信息技术、生物技术、工程技术、医疗技术、计算机科学和电子工程等领域的专业术语和概念。
科技论文写作常用英语词汇
• 目前
– for the time being …
• 当今的 …
– In today’s …
.
16
抽象时间表达用语 (2)
• 在 … 瞬间 …
– At the moment …
• … 暂时 …
– … for the moment, …
.
2
术语说明性用语
• 直接使用“定义”一词
– definition, define – 数学类文献中使用较多
.
3
Definition
• 一个完整的definition例子
“Definition : The difference between the largest and
smallest class boundaries is called the range of the table.”
– By A we mean/imply that …
• By the word scientist we mean someone who take part in basic research, to discover and attach significant problems not yet solved, to …
• 早在公元前600年
– As long as 600 B.C.
• 早在公元600年前
– As long as A.D. 600
.
13
涉及“世纪”表达用语
• 19世纪后期
– In the late nineteenth century
• 20世纪的头20年里
科技英语术语
科技英语术语科技英语术语在当今高度发达的科技领域中扮演着至关重要的角色。
英语作为国际通用语言，为科技交流提供了方便和便利。
掌握科技英语术语对于科技从业人员来说是至关重要的，能够有效提升沟通交流的效果。
本文将介绍一些常见的科技英语术语及其含义，以帮助读者更好地理解和应用。
一、计算机科学与技术1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能，指使用计算机技术和算法，使计算机系统能够模仿人类的智能行为和决策能力。
2. Big Data - 大数据，指规模庞大、多样化和快速变化的数据集合。
它需要特殊的数据处理技术和工具来进行存储、管理和分析。
3. Cloud Computing - 云计算，将计算资源和服务通过互联网提供给用户，以实现灵活的数据存储和计算能力。
4. Internet of Things (IoT) - 物联网，指通过互联网连接和交换数据的物理设备和对象的网络。
5. Virtual Reality (VR) - 虚拟现实，一种通过计算机生成的模拟环境，能够在感官上给用户提供沉浸式的体验。
6. Cybersecurity - 网络安全，指保护计算机系统和网络免受恶意攻击和未经授权的访问。
二、生物科学与医疗技术1. Genomics - 基因组学，研究生物体基因组中完整的DNA序列和其功能的学科领域。
2. Biotechnology - 生物技术，利用生物体、细胞和分子的特性来开发新技术和产品。
3. Stem Cells - 干细胞，具有自我更新和分化能力的特殊细胞，可用于细胞治疗和再生医学。
4. Nanotechnology - 纳米技术，研究和应用与纳米尺度相关的材料和设备，通常在1到100纳米的尺度范围内。
5. Telemedicine - 远程医疗，利用通信技术和网络连接医生与患者，进行远程诊断和治疗。
6. Bioinformatics - 生物信息学，应用数学、计算机科学和统计学等技术研究生物学数据的组织、分析和解释。
学术写作常用词汇句型
学术写作常用词汇句型一、表示因果关系的词汇与句型。
1. 词汇。
- because [bɪˈkɔːz]：连词，“因为”。
例如：He didn't come because he was ill.- since [sɪns]：连词，“既然；因为”，可表示已知的原因。
例如：Since you are here, you can help me.- as [æz]：连词，“由于”，强调两个动作同时发生或某事为众人所知的原因。
例如：As it was raining heavily, we stayed at home.- therefore [ˈðeəfɔː(r)]：副词，“因此；所以”。
例如：He was ill, and therefore could not come.- consequently [ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli]：副词，“因此；结果”。
例如：She missed the train and consequently was late for the meeting.- so [səʊ]：连词，“所以”，口语和书面语都常用。
例如：It was raining, so we took an umbrella.2. 句型。
- The reason why... is that...：“……的原因是……”。
例如：The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn't study hard.- Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + noun phrase, clause：“由于……”。
- Due to [djuː tuː]：例如：Due to the bad weather, the flight was delayed.- Owing to [ˈəʊɪŋ tuː]：例如：Owing to his carelessness, he made a lot of mistakes.- Thanks to [θæŋks tuː]：常带有感激的意味，例如：Thanks to your help, I passed the exam.二、表示比较和对比的词汇与句型。
scientificwords科技写作常用生僻词汇
scientificwords科技写作常用生僻词汇忍受，遭受Undergo=suffer,（图片）显示，展示Illustrate=demonstrate=show=present=represent=depict=desc ribe=display 表达，表示Describe=express=indicate=present 表现，显示（现象）Reveal=behave=exhibit意思是，意味着Denote=imply=mean=show=signify需要，需求Require=need=lack=necessitate=desire应用use=apply=utilize使用，利用Take advantage of=profit=benefit=假如assume=suppose=In case实验现象experimental results=observations由于owing to=due to =thanks to =because of =originate from=as a result of=on account of= since=result from Results obtained in smaller structures and memory arrays and scaled to 4-Mb memory size demonstrate good device reliability over 10 years at operating conditions.Mandatory, necessary, 必需的Disirable , essential 需要的Crucial= criticalSerious=severeConstraintAccount for= take into accountMitigate=alleviate=weackenA number of=enormous=tremendousSusceptible= sensitiveInnovative= new= novelIn attempts to 试图，尝试做Marked 显著的Trigger 引起，触发Aforementioned 前述的，上述的Penalty-award analysisPenalty，cost ，compensation (at the cost of )Dramatically 戏剧性的，引人注目的Experimental observations 实现现象In terms of 就。
高考英语科技文章词汇
高考英语科技文章词汇2020.7 【写在前面的话】备考高考英语阅读理解科技报道类型文章，需要熟练掌握科技主题文章行文特点与词汇习惯。
以下词汇依据个人长期阅读体验、教学经验、与学生共同练习科技类型文章总结，精心编制而成。
subject 研究对象sample (抽查的)样本，样品；（化验的）取样，样本；样品，货样model 型号business model 商业模式computer modelling 使用计算机建立模型，以解释事理Companies intentionally discontinue support for older models.model sth. on/after sth.to make sth. so that it looks, works, etc. like sth. else 模仿；仿照The country's parliament is modelled on the British system.这个国家的议会是模仿英国的体制建立的。
patternA UK expert said that could explain different patterns in flu pandemics. individual differences 个体差异version 版本latest versionthe control 控制组（对照组）layer: 层several layers of materialspresent 给present…with…suggest: show, indicatecontext:背景dose: 一剂，一服; 一份; 一次; 一点;例如：one dose of penicillinHIV-negative HIV病毒检测结果为阴性，说明没有感染HIV。
HIV-positive 病毒检测结果为阳性an alternative toanti-anti-theft; anti-air systemcollect: 取出collect objects accidentally taken inpresentation: 演示disorder: a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning 失调；紊乱；不适；疾病The doctor prescribed some medicine for the disorder.severe mental disorder 严重心理疾病rate:1.[C] 速度；进度a measurement of the speed at which sth. happensMost people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5公里。
英文科技写作句型和词汇表达总结
以前的研究：过去时，自己研究中做过的事：过去时，其他都用：现在时态。
研究发现的可能解释理由用助动词：can, may, might, it seems that, could,研究结果的评论不确定语气：appear, seem, it is likely that,二.词汇和常用表达结构1.图表所示、发现、揭示等as illustrated(seen, shown, observed) in Fig.1, as is evident fromfrom Fig.2, from the results,by observing Fig.2, based on the above analysis,Fig shows that, the results show,It is (can be) revealed (proved, suggested, observed, found, concluded, noticed, seen, believed) that, it is clear to see/observe that, it indicates(shows, imply) that, find out，it is evident that , it is assumed that ,As described below, as seen from, as explained above, as evident from, exhibitit follows that 由此断定…，由此得出结论…point outcast doubt on：对产生疑心2.得到、获得、obtain, get, attain, capture, acquire, achieve, gain,完成，实现: complete, accomplish, realize,通过什么方式去做，利用/使用through/via/by/with doing sth, using sth,by use of, by means of, make use of, with the aid ofuse, employ, utilize, adopt, put to use, put into use, apply,影响Affect, influence, impact on, have an effect on,发生，开始，occur, take place, happen, commence, begin, start, to start with, to begin with, at the beginning,显然、明显，Obviously, distinctly, clearly, significantly, apparently, remarkable, as seen, conspicuous,striking, dramatically解释，说明，考虑Explain, account for, allow for，take account for/of, be indicative of (说明，说明)Considering, take into account, with/without/in consideration of, regarding, concerning,描述、提出、说明：Illustrate, manifest, present, show, indicate, cite, describe, summarize, depict, annotate, appear, take on, plot, demonstrate, propose, put forward, put forth,比拟大小、多少Less than, greater, more, larger, comparable(可比拟的，相当的)经验的Empirical, experimental,做，执行等，Carry out, conduct, perform, do, implement,Have a good agreement, in good agreement with, match very well with, agree well with, show good agreement, in full agreement with, in line withcorresponding to/with, consistent with, in good accordance with, coincide with, concord with, fit well with研究，调查Study, investigate, explore, exploratory examine, make an investigation on/of/into, carry out a research到达，To reach this objectiveReach, approach, up to, add up to, come to, arrive, beyond, out of reach,验证，假设Validate, verify, justify，hypothesizeAssume, suppose, assumption, hypothesis,assume to be, it is assumed that… postulate 公设增加、上升、减少、下降Increase, decrease, reduce, reduce to, increase by(增加了多少), increase up to(增加到), rise to, give rise to, sth arise, increase with (随…增长/增加)完全地，根本地，详细地，具体地，深入的,类似地，Completely, entirely, adequately, mostly, extremely, truly, indeed, really, actually, mainly, primarily, detailed, in detail, in great detail, in more detail, for more details,Deeper, deeply, better, in depth,similarly, inadequately, notably, overly(过度地、极度地),Experimentally,改善、提高：improve, promote, boost, enhance, facilitate,相关，包括，大约大概：concerned with, relate to, with regard to,Be involved in/with, with respect to, be concerned with, as for,Around, about, approximately,决定：determine, decide, depend on ,rely on目的、试图：an attempt to, aim at, in an attempt to, the objective is, in order to, the aim of is tothe aim of this research is to do the purpose is , be aimed at,经历，保持: hold, keep, undergo, experience, remain, retain,导致：cause, induce, lead to, result in, originate from, arise from,根据，基于：according to, in terms of, in the light of, judge by, on the basis of, in view of, based on,On behalf of, in the form of, referring to, with reference to, in reference to除了：other than, apart from, with the exception of, except for/that, besides, in addition, additionally,理论上，事实上：in principle, in practice, in fact, in reality, in theory, theoretically,从某种程度上：To some extent, to a large/certain extent, in a way, in a sense, to some degree, in some sense,from the viewpoints of , from the perspective of,得出结论：draw a conclusion, come to/reach a conclusion,推断,猜想：Infer，derive from, deduce, speculate,认为，当作Consider as, regard as, refer to as,建立模型establish, create，build，run/do the simulationin the case of : 在…情况下遵循趋势：obey, follow trend, tendency，组成consist of , contain, be composed of, include,强调：highlight, emphasize, lay emphasis on , the emphasis is layed on集中：focus on, concentrate on , be centered on设定为to set to be区分、区分：discern，differentiate，identify as,其他专业词汇表达small batch production, small quantity production, high volume production, mass production,metal-formed product, micro-formed part,reproducibility: 再现性、重复性experimental determination,in particular, especially,评估，评价：evaluate, assess,扮作：act as,别离，隔绝，separate from, isolate, set apart from缺少：in the absence ofby convention：按照传统，惯例，使成为：make sth sthno longer〔不再〕but rather(相反的)be typical of (典型的)成反比：inversely scale with涉及，牵涉到：involve, cover,拓展：extend into最近，新近more recently，到目前为止，迄今to date,解释、提示原因或结果的转接词：attribute to, because, as a result of, therefore, thereby, in general, consequently, as predicted, in conclusion, since, as for, finally, hence, thus, as, for, due to, in summary, because of, when, cause, on account of, result in, owing to, contribute to, thanks to, lead to, the reason is, that is because, devoted to, accordingly, as a consequence of, arise from起逻辑演进作用的转接词：递进关系，不但…而且…等Furthermore, in addition, besides, first, second, third, finally, lastly, moreover, incidentally, in fact, in truth, as a matter of fact, for example, such as, next, then, for instance, take an instance of , likewise/as such(同样), again〔此外〕, at root, as well as, as follows, in the following, below, based on, above, above-mentioned, aforementioned, as with(正如，与一样，就来说)，as noted(正如前面所提到的)，additionally, in parallel,as stated( 如上所述)meanwhile：同时比照词，表示逻辑演进方向即将改变如但是等But, however, instead, nevertheless, despite, surprisingly, in spite of, nonetheless, in/by contrast to/with , for comparison, whereas, while, even though, although, compared with, regardless of, as compared to, with regard to, in relation to, by contrast, irrespective of, in comparison to与联系，联合：in association with同时，同样的，at the same time, in the same way, in the same time对应关系A vs.B versus三.英文研究论文中的表达句子substitute equation (1) into equation (2)把代入等式The scale in Fig (a) runs from black for low values to white for the highest Schmid factors.offers more insight into,holds for all three materials，四.英文科技论文中的语言技巧，不可不看a)如何指出当前研究的缺乏以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性通常在表达了前人成果之后，用However来引导缺乏，比方However, little information..little attention...little work...little datalittle researchor few studiesfew investigations...few researchers...few attempts...or nonone of these studieshas (have) been lessdone on ...focused onattempted toconductedinvestigatedstudied(with respect to)Previous research (studies, records) has (have)failed to considerignoredmisinterpretedneglected tooverestimated, underestimatedmisleadedthus, these previous results areinconclusive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial.. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist ...这种引导一般提出一种新方法，或者一种新方向。
有关科技的英语作文词汇
有关科技的英语作文词汇Vocabulary for an English Essay on TechnologyIn the modern era, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. It is essential to have a rich vocabulary to effectively express our thoughts and ideas when writing an essay on this topic. Here are some useful words and phrases categorized into different aspects of technology:1. General Technology Terms:- Technology- Innovation- Advancement- Development- Invention- Digitalization- Automation- Robotics- Artificial Intelligence (AI)- Machine Learning- Internet of Things (IoT)2. Positive Impacts of Technology:- Progress- Efficiency- Convenience- Connectivity- Access- Globalization- Empowerment- Transformation- Revolutionize- Enhance3. Negative Impacts of Technology:- Disruption- Dependence- Addiction- Privacy Concerns- Security Issues- Overload- Alienation- Job Displacement- Digital Divide- Environmental Impact4. Technological Devices and Platforms: - Smartphones- Computers- Laptops- Tablets- Wearable Devices- Social Media- E-commerce- Cloud Computing- Virtual Reality (VR)- Augmented Reality (AR)5. Internet and Communication: - Internet- World Wide Web (WWW)- Cyberspace- Connectivity- Data Transmission- Online Communication- Social Networking- Email- Messaging Apps- Video Conferencing6. Technological Innovations: - Renewable Energy- Electric Vehicles- Biotechnology- Nanotechnology- 3D Printing- Blockchain- Cryptocurrency- Drones- Space Exploration- Medical Breakthroughs7. Future of Technology:- Predictions- Trends- Potential- Challenges- Opportunities- Impact on Society- Ethical Considerations- Sustainability- Transformational Technologies- Unknown ConsequencesWhen writing an essay on technology, it is important to use these words and phrases appropriately to convey your ideas clearly and effectively. Additionally, incorporating specific examples and real-lifeapplications of technology will enhance the credibility and depth of your essay.。
科技论文写作常用句型
科技论文写作常用句型1.摘要（1）文章内容与作者观点•常用词：deal with ,describe ,explain ,illustrate(vt) ,introduce ,present ,report等。
•例句：The basic concepts and data collected are presented.给出了基本概念和所采集的数据。
（2）文章研究课题：•常用词: analyze(vt),consider ,develop ,discuss ,investigate(调查研究) ,state ,study等。
•例句:The relationship between mass(质量) and energy in nature is discussed briefly.简要地讨论自然界中质量与能量的关系。
（3）文章涉及范围•常用词：consist of ,contain ,cover ,include 等。
•例句：This article consists of four parts : introduction，theory ,experimental method ,and conclusion.本文由引言、理论、实践方法与结论四部分组成。
（4）综述某一个领域的研究课题。
•常用词：abstract ,outline ,review ,summarize 等。
•例句: The theory based on materials science is summarized briefly.简单概述了基于材料科学的理论。
（5）文章重点：•常用句型： Attention i s concentrated on …T here is a focus on …A ttention is paid to …T he emphasis is on …•例句：Attention is concentrated on grasping the quantum theory.重点在掌握量子理论上。
学术写作中的常用词汇与学科术语解释
学术写作中的常用词汇与学科术语解释学术写作是一种特殊的写作形式，它要求准确、严谨、清晰地传达学术观点和研究成果。
在学术写作中，我们经常会遇到一些特定的词汇和术语，这些词汇和术语对于理解和撰写学术论文非常重要。
本文将为你解释一些学术写作中常用的词汇和学科术语。
一、引言部分常用词汇与学科术语解释1.研究目的 (Research objective): 指研究的目的或目标，即研究要解决的问题或取得的成果。
2.研究背景 (Research background): 介绍研究课题的相关背景和相关研究已有的研究结果。
3.文献综述 (Literature review): 对已有文献进行综合评述和分析，以阐述当前研究的基础和研究的重要性。
4.问题陈述 (Problem statement): 阐述研究中要解决的问题或假设，明确研究的重点和目标。
二、方法部分常用词汇与学科术语解释1.研究设计 (Research design): 指研究所采用的方法和步骤，以达到研究目的。
2.样本 (Sample): 指研究中被调查或观察的对象，具有代表性的一部分。
3.数据收集 (Data collection): 指获取研究所需的数据，可以通过问卷调查、实验观察等方式进行。
4.数据分析 (Data analysis): 对收集到的数据进行整理、统计和分析的过程，以获得研究结果。
三、结果部分常用词汇与学科术语解释1.实验结果 (Experimental results): 指通过实验方法获得的数据和观察到的现象。
2.统计分析 (Statistical analysis): 对实验数据进行统计处理和分析，以求得结论的科学性和可靠性。
3.图表 (Figures and Tables): 以可视化的方式呈现实验结果或数据分析结果，便于读者理解和比较。
四、讨论部分常用词汇与学科术语解释1.解释和分析 (Interpretation and analysis): 对实验结果或数据进行解释、分析和讨论，以理解现象和发现规律。
高考英语科技说明文常用词
高考英语科技说明文常用词高考英语科技说明文常用词包括：1. 名词：Science（科学）Technology（技术）Invention（发明）Discovery（发现）Experiment（实验）Theory（理论）2. 动词：Explain（解释）Research（研究）Develop（发展）Innovate（创新）Experiment（实验）3. 形容词：Scientific（科学的）Technical（技术的）Advanced（先进的）Innovative（创新的）Experimental（实验的）4. 副词：Accurately（准确地）Detailedly（详细地）Exactly（精确地）5. 其他常用词：As a result（因此）In conclusion（总之）In summary（总的来说）For example（例如）In other words（换句话说）Furthermore（此外）However（然而）Therefore（因此）Moreover（此外）Nevertheless（尽管如此）6. 常用短语：Based on research（基于研究）In order to understand（为了理解）It is important to note that（值得注意的是）This discovery has significant implications for（这一发现对……有重大意义）7. 常用从句：It is clear that…（显然……）What is more, …（更重要的是……）As we know, …（正如我们所知，……）8. 其他：还有一些科技领域特定的词汇，如“algorithm”（算法）、“microchip”（微芯片）、“quantum computing”（量子计算）、“genetic engineering”（基因工程）等。
科技英语摘要写作实用词汇
概要写作中的常用句式FirstAt the beginning In the first partIn the introduction the authorthe reporterargueswrites statespoints outexplainsmentionsthatwhatwhyifhow the reader is informedIn the next partIn the main part SecondThen Afterwards MoreoverIn addition to that Further onNext the reader is informed aboutthe author goes on withwe are told aboutwe read / hear aboutthe theorythe data / questionthe statisticsthe beliefthe argumentthe opinion / topicthe problemthe authoremphasizesanalysesdiscussesIn the endFinallyAt lastAs a conclusion Summing up his / her thoughts the writerthe poetthe journalistthe reporterthe scientistconcludesfinds the solutionaddsstressespretendshintsUseful Transitions and Transitional Phrases Conjunctions and, but, or, for, nor, neither, so, yetIntroduction toa Topicas for, concerning, with regard to, with respect to, in terms ofTo Summarize in all, in a word, in brief, briefly, in other words, in short, insummary, that is, finally, generally, in conclusion, on the whole, therefore, to sum up, to conclude, and so, this shows, thus we seeTo Compare by comparison, here again, in the same way, in a similar manner, likewise, similarly, so too, as, also, equally, accordingly, moreover, as well, andTo Contrast conversely, however, instead (of), in spite of that, anyhow, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, rather than, still, yet, nevertheless, in contrast, notwithstanding, in spite of this, although, but, despite, even thoughTo Show Cause and Effect accordingly, as a consequence, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, it follows that, so/so that, then, therefore, thus, thereuponTo Explain actually, admittedly, because, certainly, for example, in fact, indeed, really of course, since, that is, for instance, namely, specifically, such as, to illustrate, in particular, in this manner, thusTo Show Conviction after all, at least, at the same time, apparently, even so, evidently, certainly, conceivably, conclusively, doubtless, no doubt, perhaps, possibly, presumably, probably, surely, undoubtedlyTo Show Various Conditions in this event, in these circumstances, this (that) being so, provided that, in spite of, none/nevertheless, at the same time, even if, if, unless, otherwise, although, even though, though, despiteTo Add Information add to this, again, also, besides, equally, further, furthermore, in addition, moreover, once more, then too, too, yet again, yet another, and, as well, beyond that, even, next, similarlyTo Show Chronological Order after that, afterwards, later, shortly, subsequently, concurrently, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, now, simultaneously, when/while/was, first, second, etc., formerly, earlier, previously, before that, then, already, at last, at length, by that time, finally, during, immediately, next, soon, still, in the interim, presently, at the same time, in the end, temporarily, thereafterTo Show Concession admittedly, after all, all the same, at any rate, granted, however, in any case, in spite of, it is true that, nevertheless, obviously, of course, still, to be sureLocation above, below, beyond, farther, further, here, nearby, opposite, there, to t。
SCI论文准备写作投稿技巧常用英文词汇汇总
SCI论文准备写作投稿技巧常用英文词汇汇总1. Introduction:- Abstract: 摘要- Literature review: 文献综述- Research question: 研究问题- Objectives: 目标- Significance: 重要性- Hypothesis: 假设2. Methodology:- Experimental design: 实验设计- Variables: 变量- Data collection: 数据收集- Sampling method: 抽样方法- Statistical analysis: 统计分析- Ethical considerations: 道德考虑3. Results:- Findings: 结果- Statistical significance: 统计显著性- Data interpretation: 数据解释- Figures and tables: 图表- Correlation analysis: 相关分析4. Discussion:- Interpretation: 解释- Limitations: 限制- Implications: 含义- Future research: 未来研究5. Conclusion:- Summary: 总结- Contributions: 贡献- Closing remarks: 结束语6. References:- In-text citations: 文中引用- Peer-reviewed journal: 同行评审的期刊7. Formatting:- Font size: 字体大小- Line spacing: 行间距- Margins: 边距- Title page: 标题页- Abstract word count: 摘要字数注：本回答主要列举了一些在科学论文写作中常用的词汇，但具体使用词汇还需根据文章的主题和内容进行选择。
科技论文写作词汇整理
差别gaps be tween, differentia te between, disc repan cies ，no intergroup difference No s tatis tically significant differences in survival were found for MMC or MPMA. Although MMC and MPMA dec reased wit h increasing nuc lear grade and TNM stage,this difference failed to ac hieve statis tical significan ce.存在，出现occurred, occurrence ,exis ted, exis tenc e, presence, present多数，少数the overwhelming majorit y of,in t he majorit y of cases，a marked m ajorit y, handful方法 approac hes, avenues, methods, techniques, means, tools发生率 Incidenc e, frequency, prevalenceIn contrast with regions of high incidence,the mutation spec trum did no t show a high prevalence of mutations atA:T base pairs.发现，阐明，报道，证实verify, confirm, elucidat e, identify, define, charac terize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illum ina te, illus tra te，de mo nstra te, show, indicat e, exhibit , present ed, reveal, display, manifes t，sugges t, propose, esti mate, prove, imply, disc lose ， report, desc ribe ， facilit ate the ident ific ation of ，screening ，isola tion改变change, altera tion,高，增加high, enhanc ed, eleva ted, inc reased, forced各种，多种in multiple types of neoplasia,in various types of apopt osis,in a varie ty of tumors关系，相关，参与closely involved in, associa ted,广泛的in an ex tensive survey进行 conduc te，perform , carry out ,降，少，缺 dec rease, reduc tion, reduced, diminish, loss, suppression, defic ient , low, weak, faint, light , absence, absent, unde tec table, lac k ,defec tive, nega tive,poor,im paired,great ly reduced or com ple tely absent,frequently los t or down-expressed,present ed discontinuous and weaker expression,co mple tely nega tive,was not de tec table or dra matic ally reduced,very faint,was unde tec table or barely de tec table,no expression was found,角色，起作用 role, part （limited, potential, early, possible role ），serve antiapopto tic func tions可能性feasibility密切地intimately难理解的，似谜的 enigmatic (x re mains enigm atic)潜在假定的po tential, candida te, putative,缩写 abbrevia tions识别，辨别discernment事件Metas tasis to the liver is a co mmon event in clinic al oncology.a putative tu mor init ia ting eventa(more,ex tre mely,highly,ra ther,fairly)co mmon init ial,a common event in the signal transduc tion mec hanis ms of,in the signal tra nsduc tion processesa common event associa ted with the mec hanis ms ofa common early event in responses of,aft erhigh-dose c he mo therapy a common event following ges tational exposure to immuno toxicant s a common event（tha t occurs）during apopt osis is……a common event during oncogenic transform ation, tha t direc tly or indirec tly involves ac tivation signaling pathwaysa common event through whic ha common event in vivo in neoplas tic transformation of specific tyrosine kinasea rathe r common event of unknown biological significancea common event result ing fro m heterogeneous aberra tionsa co mmon event regardless of his tological subtyping,but does no t bear any pejora tive significancea common event contribut ing toa rare, common, prerequisite, central, major, transient, init ia tion, s tressful, crit ical, crucial, secondary, independent, regula tory, early, earlier, la te, la ter, subsequent,circum s tantial,unt o ward,ups trea m,irreversible,very frequent event提供，帮助provide, supply, help (to), contribut e to, offer, allow, dedicate, devo te, assis t in调节（失调，上调，下调） dis -regula tion, dys -regula tion, up-regula tion, up-expression, over-expression,down-expression,down-regula tion,推测presum e,specula te ,confer, conjec ture ,guess, deduce，deduc tion (推论)无所不在地(表达，如 MEN1)ubiquit ously显著 , 优先的 pro minent , pronounced, obvious, marked, predo minant , s trong, striking ,no table, Conspicuously, re markably，significant , preferential, prevalence, prevalent,相关性related,more relevant with，the relevan c e ofno intergroup difference，irrespec tive ofThere was no significant correla tion to gender,age,c linical symptoms,his tology,T or N s tatus,TNM s tage,or tumo r location.Neither eN OS nor nNOS expression was associated with vascular density,tumo rgradeor the TNM s tatus of the tumors.No correla tions were found be tween bFGF and age,menopausal s tatus,TNM or pTNM, his tology,SBR grading or s teroid recept ors.we did not find any correlat ion between bax expression and para mete rs(sex,age,TNM status,tumor grade,histological 相同，同等并列any clinicopa thologic type).The coordina ted induc tion of all three FOXO3a targets pro mpted us to exa mine the status of FOXO3a it selfwith a simila rpa t ern to协同，加强synergize with研究 analysis, survey, s tudy, research, inves tigation, experim ents, trial, observa tions,assess ment,inquiry,exa mina tions,pursue inves tiga tion into,analyze, de tec t, de termina te, be focused on, measure, exa mine, tes t, assess, evaluate,explore,一致whic h is in accor d with t he result swhic h co r obora ted the result swhic h supported the result s优缺点merit s and drawbac ks，beneficial and de trim ental异常abe r a tion,abnormality重要crucial,key,important,major,be of c rit ical impo rtance相反On the contrary,In contrary,but quite on the contraryin sharp contrast,contrary Contrary Contrary Contrary Contrary Contrary to what would be expec tedto the expec tation thatto previous beliefs,to the hypothesis,to current popular truis msto current cognitive theories,However,contrary to expec tation,……. Contrary to predic tions, …in contrast to previous observa tions…Contrary to predic tion, ……Contrary to mos t previous claim s,与一起in co mbina tion wit h,coupled wit h 由于、鉴于In light ofIn view tha t。
雅思写作科技类重点词汇总结
雅思写作科技类重点词汇总结本文来自雅思作文网《科技类重点词汇总结》。
1. scientific invention科学发明2. exert a far-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远的影响3. double-edged sword双刃剑4. airplane飞机5. pave the way for the future development为未来的发展铺平道路6. lay a solid foundation for…为…打下良好的基础7. energy crisis能源危机8. depletion of resources能源消耗9. milestone里程碑10. sophisticated equipment尖端设备11. technical innovation科技创新12. expediency权宜之计13. antithetical与…背道而驰的14. over-commercialized过渡商业化的15. a heated discussion热烈的讨论16. exhaust gas废气17. disastrous灾难性的18. overshadow使…相形见绌19. compared to/with…与…相比20. usher in引领21. speedy and comfortable既快捷又舒适22. opposite forces负面影响23. a fatal breakdown致命故障24. potential hazards潜在危险25. pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁26. promote relative industries促进相关产业发展27. accelerate加速…28. means of transportation交通方式29. transportation tools交通工具30. social status社会地位31. environmentally-friendly resources环保的能源32. make peo ple’s life easier使人们生活更方便33. alternative fuel可替代燃料34. sustainable development可持续性发展35. scientific exploration科学探索36. air travel航空旅行37. ridiculous可笑的38. absurd荒唐的39. substitute取代40. overcome difficulties克服困难41. make progress取得进步42. a sense of national pride民族自豪感43. unprecedented前所未有的44. soaring不断上升的45. give a great push to the economic growth极大地推动了经济发展46. see dramatic breakthroughs取得突破性进展47. aggravate使恶化48. optimize优化49. cure-all solution万能良药50. automobile industry汽车工业51. boost the economic development促进经济发展52. levy the tax征税53. modernization现代化54. be viewed as …被视为是…55. be concerned about …对…担忧/关注…56. pollution-free fuel无污染燃料57. luxury奢侈品58. chronic lead poisoning慢性铅中毒59. fill… with …使…充斥着60. popularization of cars汽车普及61. lay more emphasis on…把重心放在…62. observe traffic regulations遵守交通规则63. break traffic regulations违反交通规则64. get struck in traffic遇上堵车65. rush hour上下班高峰时间66. ease the traffic pressure缓解交通压力67. pedestrian行人68. pavement人行道69. zebra crossing斑马线70. overspeed超速行驶71. bottleneck交通堵塞地区雅思作文网,您的学习好帮手!感谢您阅览《科技类重点词汇总结》一文.本文来自雅思作文网《科技类重点词汇总结》。
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• 一个以上的definition
“Definition 1 …” ✓
“One/First definition …”
“Definition 2 …” ✓
“Two/Second definition …”
Define
• 被动句
– A is defined as B. – A is defined as follows: … – A is defined to be B. – A is defined by B. – A is defined in terms of B.
• 主动句
– We define A as B. …
使用“称为”
• A is called/termed B.
– When the copy is printed out on paper, it is called hard copy.
• A is known as B. • A is referred to as B. • A is spoken of as B.
Outline
• 术语说明性用语 • 时间表达用语 • ly形的副词放在句首的表达用语 • 关于分类的表达用语 • 有关程度的表达用语 • “…of”词组构成的短语 • 因果关系表达用语 • “有”和“无”的表达 • 相互关系的表达用语 • 有关“手段”的表达用语
时间表达用语
• 科技英语中涉及时间的表达方式 • 公元年代 ~ 毫微级时间单位
• 本世纪初期
– Early in the present century
• 在本世纪末之前
– Before the end of this century
• 20世纪后半页
– The second half of the twentieth century
有关“年份”表达用语
• 约20年前
– Nearly two decades ago
• 直接使用“定义”一词
– definition, define – 数学类文献中使用较多
Definition
• 一个完整的definition例子
“Definition : The difference between the largest and
smallest class boundaries is called the range of the table.”
科技论文写作常用 英语词汇
精品
Outline
• 术语说明性用语 • 时间表达用语 • ly形的副词放在句首的表达用语 • 关于分类的表达用语 • 有关程度的表达用语 • “…of”词组构成的短语 • 因果关系表达用语 • “有”和“无”的表达 • 相互关系的表达用语 • 有关“手段”的表达用语
术语说明性用语
– By A we mean/imply that …
• By the word scientist we mean someone who take part in basic research, to discover and attach significant problems not yet solved, to …
• … 称为 …，也可称为 …
– A is called …, or, alternatively, …
• … 是由 … 派生而来，意思是 …
– A is derived from B, meaning …
无明确定义
• … 没有普遍公认的定义.
– There is no universally accepted definition to the term A.
– often shortened to …
使用“意指”含义的词语
• A 的意思是 …
– By A one refers to …
• By the speed of transmission one refers to the instantaneous rate at which the information is transferred over the communication facility.
带修饰的“称为”
•பைடு நூலகம்…统称为…
– … are collectively called …
• …有各种叫法…
– … is variously called …
• 前者称为…, 后者称为…
– The former is referred to as …, and the latter as …
• 通常简称为…
涉及“公元”表达用语
• 公元前 (B.C. - Before Christ), 公元 (A.D. - Anno Domini)
– A.D. 写在年数之前, B.C. 写在年数之后
• from 300 B.C. to A.D. 400
– 均要大写
• 公元前100年左右
– Around 100 B.C.
• 早在公元前600年
– As long as 600 B.C.
• 早在公元600年前
– As long as A.D. 600
涉及“世纪”表达用语
• 19世纪后期
– In the late nineteenth century
• 20世纪的头20年里
– Within the first 20 years of the twentieth century
• There is no universally accepted definition to the term Software Component presently.
• … 目前很难给 … 下定义.
– A clear definition of A is difficult to give.
– A is defined to mean …
其他定义用语
• 所谓 … 是 …
– So called A is …
• 顾名思义，…
– A, as the name implies/suggests, is …
• Command and control, as the name implies, must comprise both a command and controlled action element.